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Bancroftiana #116 N EWSLETTER OF THE FRIENDS OF THE BANCROFT LIBRARY BANCROFTIANA N UMBER 116 • UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY • SPRING 2000 The Silent Multitude of Voices in the Reading Room —by Gray Brechin he Bancroft Library is full of of those who sought to promote vast Yet one must try to make sense of voices. Many are on paper, parch- hydraulic schemes, while the memoirs what is there. So many voices at first mentT or papyrus, speaking from the of engineers who worked for those pro- make a cacophony. Gradually, one sorts past, and many are in the minds of those moters or observed them offer addi- them out, recognizes the names using the Heller Reading Room today. tional perspectives on the rationale for dropped, or goes in search of more From that dialogue between the past and projects that have transformed the background to understand what is be- the present will come voices that speak West. As the Bancroft’s archivists orga- ing told. to those in the future, and so on, as long nize raw data such as the Spring Valley One listens to the dead; strong per- as documents are collected, organized, Water Company and the Michael sonalities emerge from letters, diaries, and preserved. O’Shaughnessy papers, the story of wa- and interviews. I followed, for example, I was given a study carrel upstairs ter and land development will only be the voracious curiosity and physical ex- when I received a Bancroft Fellowship in made richer for and by succeeding ploits that drove pioneer scientist 1996, but I seldom used it because that scholars. The resources available at the George Davidson, whose last years were would have deprived me of the pleasure Water Resources Archives a few hun- progressively darkened by failing heart of watching, as well as partaking, in this dred yards from the Bancroft, and the and eyesight and the loss of his beloved process of synthesis. One becomes, in a ongoing work of Willa Baum’s staff in son and wife. For a man who had ob- reading room, a member of a commu- collecting oral histories from the living, served so acutely and read so much, the nity of scholars each silently listening to do much to tame any researcher’s hu- increasing illegibility of his diary entries voices from the past to create their own. bris; the story is never ending because spoke as painfully of blindness as did Each researcher approaches the material the materials needed to tell it are con- his words. at hand with the skills gained from long stantly growing. Continued on page 13 practice. Isolated in my cubicle, I could not have watched Arthur Verhoogt read- ing Egyptian hieroglyphics from the Tebtunis papyri, while I, at an adjacent table, read the letters of the remarkable Phoebe Hearst who acquired them for the university. Occasionally, a burble or squeal erupts from a researcher who cannot contain his or her excitement at a dis- covery or connection. One makes allow- ances; it comes with the dialogue. In the Bancroft, it’s all there, and scrupulously cross-referenced by genera- tions of librarians. The Francis Griffith Newlands and James Duval Phelan pa- pers, for example, reveal the motivations Researchers have a dialogue with the often brilliant and outspoken characters of the past in the Heller Reading Room. N EWSLETTER OF THE FRIENDS OF THE BANCROFT LIBRARY From the Director Bancroft Goes Digital t started slowly. About ten years of California (http:// ago the Bancroft staff realized that we www.oac.cdlib.org). couldI make a real contribution to scholar- ship if we could convert our existing card One step led to an- file of books and manuscripts into ma- other. Because of the chine-readable form and make it available ease with which they online. The main library had begun just deal with images, the such a retrospective conversion project for World Wide Web Skorpinski. Peg Photo by Charles Faulhaber and Tim Hoyer discuss digitizing a photograph of Joan Baez its collections in the late ‘70s; but Bancroft and EAD made it for the Free Speech Movement project. was the first rare book and special collec- possible for us to tions library in the country to put its card think about gaining control of our massive a visual union catalog so that scholars will file on line, a project that was completed in pictorial collections (some three million no longer have to travel to a dozen differ- 1992. Almost overnight usage of Bancroft’s photographs, engravings, oil paintings, ent libraries to examine manuscripts of po- collections doubled as scholars and stu- watercolors, lithographs, drawings, and tential interest (“You mean that I’ll no dents not only at Berkeley but around the posters), first by cataloguing them at the longer be able to justify a research trip to country were able to gain access to the bib- individual collection level, a project carried Paris?” was one shocked question when I liographical records of Bancroft’s treasures out with the aid of a grant from the Na- presented this project to the campus’ Me- via the internet. tional Historical Publications & Records dieval Studies Committee. There’s a down Emboldened by that success, Bancroft, Commission, then by digitizing significant side to everything....). in collaboration with the Electronic Text portions of the collections, again with the Through all of this development work Unit of the main library, embarked on the aid of external grants. These collections, there has been one constant figure: Tim next step, the conversion of the typed in- like the Robert B. Honeyman Collection Hoyer, the current Head of Bancroft Tech- ventories and finding aids of the manu- of Western Art, are now available via the nical Services. Tim came to Bancroft as a script collections to a digital format that Online Archive of California to scholars graduate student in English in 1972. His would also make them available world and students all over the world. first assignment was typing the master wide. As in the case of the retrospective Our goal, however, is not simply to put copy for Bancroft catalog cards—un- conversion of the card file, one of the cru- as many images on the web as we can. doubtedly a stimulus to finding a better cial constraints was the necessity of making Scanning a photograph and making a web way to provide access to the collections. use of existing materials rather than starting site is easy. The art—and the difficulty— Tim has been the chief strategist for from scratch—especially in view of the fact lies in organizing the materials so that re- Bancroft’s digital library projects. In addi- that a preliminary study estimated that a searchers can find what they are looking tion, Tim has also written most of the complete re-inventory of the manuscript for and only what they are looking for. It is grant proposals that have persuaded exter- collections would take about 400 years to disheartening, to say the least, to search for nal funding agencies like NEH to fund carry out. “San Francisco Earthquake,” find 5,273 these projects. Thanks to Tim and his We therefore decided to convert them web sites, and then have to examine each dedicated technical services staff, Bancroft using the Standardized General Markup one in turn in order to locate useful infor- has acquired a national and even interna- Language (SGML) as the basis for the Na- mation on those sites. tional reputation as a leader in the diffi- tional Endowment for the Humanities- All of Bancroft’s projects in these first cult process of providing digital access to funded Berkeley Finding Aids Project. The stages of the Digital Revolution have been special collections. With that as back- choice has been validated by the fact that designed to help us and collaborating in- ground, I’m very sorry to report that Tim the pilot project carried out at Berkeley has stitutions solve specific technical problems has decided to take early retirement, de- been adopted as a national standard, now or propose international standards that can spite our best efforts to persuade him to known as the Encoded Archival Descrip- serve as a framework for individual efforts. remain at Bancroft. We shall miss his in- tion (EAD), by the Library of Congress. It Thus in the Digital Scriptorium project tensity, intelligence, and intellectual integ- is being used increasingly in other countries we are currently working with other insti- rity. and it has made possible the union catalog tutions here and abroad to develop stan- of archival collections in major California dards for describing medieval manuscripts. institutions known as the Online Archive This in turn will make it possible to create The James D. Hart Director The Bancroft Library P AGE 2 / SPRING 2000 N EWSLETTER OF THE FRIENDS OF THE BANCROFT LIBRARY Highlights from Bancroft’s Web Resources —by Merrilee Proffitt hose who drop in on The Bancroft facilitates complex searches. This allows online access to collections. As with the Library’s web site (http://www.lib. researchers to conduct searches to deter- finding aids, the oral histories are encoded berkeley.edu/BANC)T will find the ba- mine if the material is housed in the according to a standard developed by the sics—an overview of collection areas, ad- Bancroft Library. Patrons may also browse Text Encoding Initiative (or TEI). Re- dress, phone number, hours of operation, the finding aids online to obtain an over- searchers can read the oral histories online etc. But in addition to the essential infor- view of the library’s holdings in manu- at their leisure, or may search across all of mation are a host of guides, aids, and re- script collections.
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