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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Afghanistan 10 50 000 10 000 1 000 000 100 5 000 10 000 Fentanyl 6 6 000 20 000 10 4 000 10 80 000 Methadone 40 000 50 000 Morphine 880 000 Albania 10 Codeine 70 500 10 Fentanyl 90 10 Methadone 8 000 10 Morphine 5 500 29 000 Pethidine 2 500 300 Pholcodine 1 300 Pethidine 40 000 8 10 1 Pholcodine 10 Algeria 10 350 Remifentanil 2 300 Codeine 1 000 000 Sufentanil 10 Etorphine 1 10 Fentanyl 500 45 000 Morphine 9 000 10 Pethidine 3 000 Armenia Pholcodine 1 500 000 Codeine 3 000 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 35 Sufentanil 30 Methadone 12 000 Andorra Morphine 6 000 1 500 Thebaine 15 Fentanyl 80 1 200 Methadone 1 000 Aruba* Morphine 500 Alfentanil 3 Oxycodone 1 500 1 Pethidine 500 70 Remifentanil 4 Codeine 85 Angola* 1 Alfentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 85 Codeine 22 500 Fentanyl 130 Dextromoramide 188 Hydrocodone 2 188 Methadone 150 Fentanyl 23 Morphine 540 Morphine 15 000 Opium 450 Pethidine 20 000 Oxycodone 126 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 404 Anguilla Piritramide 50 Codeine 500 Remifentanil 19 Fentanyl 1 Ascension Island Morphine 20 Alfentanil 1 Pethidine 300 Fentanyl 1 Antigua and Barbuda* Morphine 1 Cocaine 9 Pethidine 5 Codeine 169 Australia Dihydrocodeine 15 Alfentanil 650 Diphenoxylate 28 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 3 Fentanyl 1 Cannabis 10 000 Morphine 6 Cocaine 12 000 Oxycodone 2 Codeine 5 720 000 Pethidine 338 Codeine-N-oxide 3 Remifentanil 1 Conc. of Sufentanil 1 AMA 53 604 000 Argentina AOA 5 500 000 Alfentanil 10 ATA 49 245 000 Alphaprodine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 350 000 10 Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Bezitramide 10 Diphenoxylate 40 000 Cannabis 50 Etorphine 3 Cannabis resin 20 Fentanyl 45 000 Coca leaf 100 Heroin 1 Cocaine 120 Hydrocodone 60 Codeine 40 000 Hydromorphone 85 000 Dextromoramide 10 Levorphanol 1 Dextropropoxyphene 900 000 Methadone 1 100 000 10 Morphine 850 000 Dihydrocodeine 10 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Diphenoxylate 10 3 10 3 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 3 700 000 10 Oxycodone-N-oxide 3

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Oxymorphone 2 000 Barbados Pethidine 60 000 Cocaine 98 Pholcodine 1 900 000 Codeine 90 000 Remifentanil 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 900 Sufentanil 5 Fentanyl 25 Austria Heroin 1 Alfentanil 450 Hydromorphone 3 Cannabis 50 000 Methadone 248 Cocaine 2 200 Morphine 4 737 Codeine 500 000 Pethidine 6 567 Codeine-N-oxide 70 Remifentanil 125 Dextropropoxyphene 150 Sufentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 650 000 Belarus Diphenoxylate 40 Alfentanil 1 Ecgonine 1 Alphaprodine 1 Ethylmorphine 50 Cocaine 100 Etorphine 5 Codeine 800 000 Fentanyl 50 000 Dextromoramide 1 Heroin 5 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Hydrocodone 10 Dipipanone 1 Hydromorphone 150 000 Ecgonine 1 Methadone 110 000 Ethylmorphine 50 Morphine 2 200 000 Etorphine 1 Morphine-N-oxide 15 Fentanyl 1 200 Nicomorphine 2 000 Heroin 1 Opium 16 000 Hydromorphone 3 000 Oripavine 100 Methadone 22 000 Oxycodone 320 000 Morphine 8 000 Oxymorphone 100 Norcodeine 1 Pethidine 20 000 Normorphine 1 Piritramide 22 000 Oxycodone 1 Remifentanil 4 500 Oxymorphone 1 Sufentanil 600 Pethidine 1 Thebaine 110 Remifentanil 1 Tilidine 100 Sufentanil 2 Azerbaijan Thebaine 1 Codeine 2 000 Trimeperidine 30 000 Fentanyl 25 Belgium Methadone 6 000 AH-7921 1 Morphine 3 400 Alfentanil 400 Thebaine 29 Cannabis 33 000 Trimeperidine 2 000 Cocaine 11 000 Bahamas Codeine 3 950 000 Alfentanil 1 Codeine-N-oxide 30 Cannabis 4 Ecgonine 2 Cannabis resin 4 Ethylmorphine 132 000 Cocaine 4 Etorphine 5 Codeine 2 000 Fentanyl 600 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 800 Heroin 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 1 Hydrocodone 1 Fentanyl 300 Hydromorphone 20 000 Heroin 1 Methadone 150 000 Hydrocodone 1 Morphine 140 000 Hydromorphone 150 Morphine-N-oxide 30 Methadone 1 Opium 12 000 Morphine 1 000 Oripavine 10 Opium 4 Oxycodone 270 000 Oxycodone 1 300 Pethidine 40 000 Oxymorphone 1 Pholcodine 50 000 Pethidine 10 000 Piritramide 20 000 Sufentanil 2 Remifentanil 40 200 Thebaine 1 Sufentanil 1 200 Tilidine 1 Thebaine 5 Bahrain Tilidine 2 200 000 Alfentanil 1 Belize Codeine 8 000 Cocaine 100 Etorphine 3 Codeine 10 000 Fentanyl 40 Dextropropoxyphene 4 000 Methadone 70 Dihydrocodeine 50 Morphine 5 000 Diphenoxylate 50 Oxycodone 2 156 Fentanyl 25 Pethidine 12 000 Hydrocodone 100 Remifentanil 450 Hydromorphone 100 Bangladesh* Methadone 1 000 Fentanyl 600 Morphine 4 000 Methadone 11 250 Oxycodone 250 Morphine 100 000 Pethidine 4 200 Oxymorphone 75 000 Benin Pethidine 395 000 Codeine 2 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Fentanyl 500 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Morphine 1 000 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Pethidine 5 000 Fentanyl 6 000 Remifentanil 1 Hydromorphone 14 494 Sufentanil 1 Methadone 147 082 Bermuda Morphine 2 596 470 Alfentanil 10 Norcodeine 2 Cannabis 2 Opium 221 000 Cannabis resin 1 Oxycodone 130 093 Cocaine 200 Pethidine 533 938 Codeine 5 000 Remifentanil 3 821 Dextromoramide 15 Sufentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 British Virgin Islands Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Codeine 104 Diphenoxylate 150 Dihydrocodeine 90 Dipipanone 1 Diphenoxylate 15 Etorphine 5 Fentanyl 10 Fentanyl 60 Morphine 130 Heroin 1 Oxycodone 200 Hydrocodone 15 Pethidine 800 Hydromorphone 150 Brunei Darussalam Methadone 4 000 Alfentanil 2 Morphine 1 500 Cocaine 1 Oxycodone 850 Codeine 5 000 Oxymorphone 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Pethidine 3 000 Fentanyl 45 Pholcodine 100 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 20 Morphine 1 500 Bhutan Oxycodone 200 Codeine 2 000 Pethidine 1 600 Etorphine 1 Pholcodine 1 000 Fentanyl 3 Remifentanil 3 Morphine 1 215 Bulgaria Pethidine 2 500 Alfentanil 10 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Cocaine 1 Codeine 370 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Fentanyl 266 Codeine-N-oxide 2 Methadone 900 Dextromoramide 1 Morphine 6 780 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Oxycodone 4 847 Dihydrocodeine 30 000 Pethidine 17 400 Ecgonine 2 Remifentanil 175 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Bosnia and Herzegovina Fentanyl 600 AH-7921 1 Heroin 1 Alfentanil 30 Hydrocodone 1 Cannabis 3 Hydromorphone 1 Cannabis resin 3 5 Cocaine 3 Methadone 150 000 Codeine 1 615 Morphine 70 000 Ecgonine 1 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Fentanyl 1 128 Normorphine 1 Heroin 3 Opium 10 Methadone 25 823 Oxycodone 35 000 Morphine 7 094 Oxymorphone 1 Pethidine 550 Pethidine 25 000 Pholcodine 21 388 Piritramide 1 000 Remifentanil 30 Remifentanil 10 Sufentanil 5 Sufentanil 10 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 30 000 Botswana Burkina Faso Alfentanil 9 Fentanyl 8 Codeine 18 000 Morphine 1 141 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Oxycodone 4 Etorphine 20 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 7 Burundi Hydromorphone 1 000 Codeine 100 250 Morphine 10 000 Fentanyl 36 Oxycodone 400 Morphine 2 820 Pethidine 40 000 Pethidine 23 269 Sufentanil 3 Cabo Verde* Tilidine 300 Alfentanil 1 Brazil Cannabis 2 Alfentanil 2 472 Cannabis resin 1 Alphaprodine 1 Cocaine 1 Anileridine 1 Codeine 40 Bezitramide 1 Fentanyl 6 Cannabis 2 620 Heroin 1 Cocaine 34 Methadone 6 Codeine 6 609 606 Morphine 250

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Pethidine 250 Dihydrocodeine 40 Cambodia Fentanyl 40 Codeine 305 000 Heroin 35 Fentanyl 50 Hydrocodone 220 Methadone 15 000 Hydromorphone 70 Morphine 10 000 Methadone 35 Oxycodone 3 000 Morphine 500 Pethidine 500 Oxycodone 875 Cameroon Oxymorphone 250 Codeine 42 000 Pethidine 2 225 Fentanyl 12 Remifentanil 4 Morphine 8 000 Central African Republic* Pethidine 14 000 Codeine 15 000 Pholcodine 4 000 Fentanyl 3 Canada Methadone 1 500 3-Methylfentanyl 20 Morphine 6 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 20 Pethidine 4 000 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 10 Chad 10 Codeine 35 Alfentanil 300 Fentanyl 61 20 Morphine 160 4 Normethadone 1 Alpha-methylfentanyl 22 Chile Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 20 Alfentanil 12 Alphaprodine 15 Cannabis 300 Anileridine 3 Cocaine 40 220 Codeine 888 000 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 12 Ethylmorphine 4 500 Betameprodine 10 Fentanyl 6 820 Cannabis 55 546 440 Methadone 17 100 Cannabis resin 250 Morphine 160 000 Cocaine 25 000 Oripavine 3 Codeine 33 392 500 Oxycodone 8 200 Dextromoramide 1 Pethidine 35 000 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Remifentanil 504 10 Sufentanil 1 Difenoxin 5 China Dihydrocodeine 50 Alfentanil 5 10 Cannabis 5 120 Cocaine 5 000 Diphenoxylate 25 000 Codeine 10 350 000 Ethylmorphine 10 Conc. of poppy straw Etorphine 2 AMA 30 030 000 60 ATA 270 000 Fentanyl 150 000 Dihydrocodeine 850 000 60 Diphenoxylate 2 820 000 Heroin 17 325 Etorphine 50 Hydrocodone 115 000 Fentanyl 108 000 Hydromorphone 1 900 000 Hydrocodone 20 000 Isomethadone 70 Hydromorphone 5 000 Ketobemidone 75 Methadone 4 200 000 20 Morphine 10 360 000 Levorphanol 100 Opium 12 600 000 Methadone 2 500 000 Oxycodone 900 000 60 Pethidine 2 500 000 Morphine 4 000 000 Pholcodine 1 010 000 MPPP 60 Remifentanil 80 000 Normethadone 20 000 Sufentanil 2 000 Opium 10 000 Thebaine 650 000 Oripavine 500 Tilidine 100 000 Oxycodone 10 000 000 Hong Kong Special Aadministrative Region of Oxymorphone 85 000 China Pethidine 1 000 000 Alfentanil 20 Phenoperidine 1 000 1 Pholcodine 1 000 Anileridine 1 60 Cannabis 4 Piritramide 17 Cannabis resin 2 100 Coca leaf 2 Remifentanil 500 Cocaine 7 500 Sufentanil 200 Codeine 4 501 000 Thebacon 1 1 Thebaine 100 Dextromoramide 5 10 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Tilidine 15 Dihydrocodeine 314 000 Cayman Islands Diphenoxylate 12 050 Alfentanil 1 Dipipanone 500 Cannabis 4 Ecgonine 2 Cocaine 25 Ethylmorphine 30 050 Codeine 36 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Etorphine 4 Colombia Fentanyl 250 Alfentanil 5 Heroin 15 Cannabis 40 Hydrocodone 150 Cannabis resin 40 Hydromorphone 2 000 Cocaine 20 Levomethorphan 1 Codeine 2 400 000 Levorphanol 1 Dihydrocodeine 800 000 Methadone 180 000 Diphenoxylate 25 000 Morphine 32 000 Etorphine 5 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 4 500 Normethadone 250 Heroin 15 Normorphine 1 Hydrocodone 80 000 Opium 25 000 Hydromorphone 4 000 Oxycodone 10 500 Methadone 40 000 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 50 000 Pethidine 34 000 Oxycodone 205 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Oxymorphone 5 1 Pethidine 30 000 Pholcodine 5 001 000 Remifentanil 2 000 Racemethorphan 1 Sufentanil 5 Remifentanil 90 Thebaine 5 Sufentanil 10 Comoros Thebaine 2 Dextromoramide 2 Macao Special Administrative Region of China Fentanyl 3 3-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Morphine 900 6-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Opium 1 Alfentanil 4 Pethidine 1 000 Alphaprodine 2 Phenoperidine 2 Anileridine 2 Remifentanil 2 Bezitramide 2 Sufentanil 2 Cannabis 2 Congo* Cannabis resin 2 Codeine 3 000 Coca leaf 2 Fentanyl 4 Cocaine 4 Morphine 2 100 Codeine 2 000 Pethidine 3 000 Dextromoramide 2 Cook Islands Dextropropoxyphene 2 Codeine 80 Difenoxin 2 Fentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 2 500 Methadone 2 Diphenoxylate 10 Morphine 280 Dipipanone 2 Oxycodone 20 Ecgonine 2 Pethidine 70 Ethylmorphine 2 Costa Rica Etorphine 2 Cocaine 10 Fentanyl 75 Codeine 1 073 000 Heroin 3 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Hydrocodone 2 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Hydromorphone 2 Fentanyl 225 Ketobemidone 2 Heroin 10 Levorphanol 2 Methadone 6 966 Methadone 8 700 Morphine 34 523 Morphine 5 000 Oxycodone 6 858 Morphine-3-B-D-glucuronide 2 Pethidine 501 Nicomorphine 2 Côte d'Ivoire Norcodeine 2 Cocaine 2 Normethadone 2 Codeine 60 000 Opium 2 Fentanyl 20 Oripavine 2 Heroin 2 Oxycodone 300 Methadone 1 Oxymorphone 2 Morphine 250 Pethidine 3 700 Pholcodine 12 000 Phenoperidine 2 Sufentanil 2 Pholcodine 2 Croatia Piritramide 2 Alfentanil 230 Remifentanil 6 Cocaine 500 Sufentanil 2 Codeine 325 000 Thebacon 2 Fentanyl 3 450 Thebaine 2 Heroin 5 Tilidine 2 Methadone 95 000 Christmas Island Morphine 32 000 Fentanyl 1 Oxycodone 22 000 Morphine 3 Pethidine 5 000 Oxycodone 15 Pholcodine 48 000 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Remifentanil 10 Codeine 1 Sufentanil 4 Fentanyl 1 Cuba Morphine 2 Codeine 259 000 Oxycodone 2 Etorphine 2 Pethidine 6 Fentanyl 536

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Morphine 33 750 Normethadone 2 Pethidine 15 660 Normorphine 10 Curaçao Opium 2 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Oripavine 10 Alfentanil 5 Oxycodone 140 000 Bezitramide 2 Oxymorphone 25 Cannabis 3 Pethidine 45 000 Cocaine 200 Pholcodine 50 Codeine 10 000 Piritramide 15 000 Dextromoramide 5 Remifentanil 20 Fentanyl 125 Sufentanil 75 Heroin 1 Thebaine 2 700 000 Hydrocodone 5 Tilidine 10 Methadone 20 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Morphine 750 Cocaine 1 000 Nicomorphine 5 Codeine 35 000 Opium 25 Diphenoxylate 50 Oxycodone 50 Ethylmorphine 1 500 Pethidine 850 Fentanyl 500 Piritramide 250 Morphine 20 000 Remifentanil 3 Opium 600 000 Sufentanil 2 Democratic Republic of the Congo Cyprus Alfentanil 10 Alfentanil 4 Codeine 70 000 Cannabis 1 Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Cannabis resin 1 Diphenoxylate 10 000 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 100 Codeine 102 600 Methadone 30 Dextropropoxyphene 50 000 Morphine 40 000 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Pethidine 20 000 Diphenoxylate 4 000 Sufentanil 5 Etorphine 1 Denmark Fentanyl 200 Alfentanil 300 Heroin 1 Cannabis 30 000 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 3 600 Hydromorphone 1 Codeine 1 000 070 Methadone 100 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Morphine 3 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 184 000 ACA 1 527 444 Oxymorphone 1 AMA 175 350 Pethidine 6 000 AOA 1 250 Remifentanil 30 ATA 1 734 Sufentanil 30 Desomorphine 1 Thebaine 2 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Czech Republic Dihydrocodeine 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 11 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 5 1 Diphenoxylate 2 050 2 Ecgonine 1 Alfentanil 170 Ethylmorphine 570 Alphaprodine 1 Etorphine 10 20 Fentanyl 12 000 Bezitramide 5 Heroin 50 000 Cannabis 95 000 Hydrocodone 25 500 Cannabis resin 10 1 Cocaine 5 000 Hydromorphone 100 000 Codeine 775 000 Ketobemidone 40 000 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Levorphanol 1 Desomorphine 1 Methadone 300 000 Dextromoramide 5 Morphine 475 700 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Dihydrocodeine 10 MPPP 1 Dihydromorphine 5 Nicomorphine 2 000 Ecgonine 10 Norcodeine 1 Ethylmorphine 9 000 Opium 50 000 Etorphine 5 Oripavine 1 140 Fentanyl 9 000 Oxycodone 400 000 Heroin 5 Oxymorphone 800 000 Hydrocodone 40 Pethidine 60 000 Hydromorphone 20 000 Pholcodine 19 Isomethadone 20 Remifentanil 1 500 Ketobemidone 5 Sufentanil 20 Levorphanol 5 Thebaine 1 001 000 Methadone 82 000 Djibouti Methadone intermediate 5 Alfentanil 1 Morphine 90 000 Fentanyl 1 MPPP 2 Morphine 800 Nicomorphine 20 Remifentanil 1 Norcodeine 5 Sufentanil 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Dominica Dihydrocodeine 500 Codeine 60 Dihydromorphine 500 Dihydrocodeine 72 Ecgonine 3 Fentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 200 Hydrocodone 12 Etorphine 2 Methadone 70 Fentanyl 400 Morphine 420 Heroin 2 Pethidine 700 Hydrocodone 100 Dominican Republic Hydromorphone 100 Alfentanil 200 Methadone 23 000 Codeine 160 000 Morphine 11 000 Dextropropoxyphene 3 000 Opium 2 Dihydrocodeine 500 Oripavine 1 000 Diphenoxylate 500 Oxycodone 9 000 Fentanyl 1 000 Oxymorphone 500 Hydrocodone 1 000 Pethidine 6 000 Hydromorphone 1 000 Remifentanil 13 Methadone 1 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 15 000 Thebaine 700 Oxycodone 5 000 Ethiopia Oxymorphone 500 Codeine 156 952 Pethidine 2 000 Diphenoxylate 30 Remifentanil 150 Fentanyl 9 Ecuador Methadone 50 Cannabis 10 Morphine 44 061 Cannabis resin 10 Pethidine 40 655 Cocaine 10 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Codeine 200 000 Alfentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 35 000 Codeine 340 Fentanyl 600 Dihydrocodeine 76 Heroin 10 Fentanyl 3 Methadone 500 Heroin 1 Morphine 15 000 Methadone 1 Oxycodone 8 000 Morphine 45 Remifentanil 1 000 Pethidine 8 Egypt Pholcodine 5 Codeine 400 000 Remifentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Fiji Dihydrocodeine 3 000 Cocaine 1 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Codeine 200 Fentanyl 3 000 Dextropropoxyphene 90 Hydrocodone 5 000 Fentanyl 13 Hydromorphone 2 000 Methadone 7 Morphine 18 000 Morphine 700 Oxycodone 24 000 Oxycodone 10 Pethidine 90 000 Pethidine 2 700 Pholcodine 200 000 Finland Remifentanil 30 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 50 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 El Salvador 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Codeine 176 000 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 300 Alfentanil 220 Hydrocodone 500 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Methadone 2 000 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Morphine 16 050 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Opium 6 000 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 6 000 Cannabis 65 000 Pethidine 16 000 Cocaine 8 000 Remifentanil 43 Codeine 1 360 000 Equatorial Guinea* Dextropropoxyphene 50 Cocaine 150 Dihydrocodeine 1 Codeine 263 Ecgonine 1 Diphenoxylate 75 Ethylmorphine 60 100 Fentanyl 113 Etorphine 1 Methadone 263 Fentanyl 20 000 Tilidine 263 Heroin 25 Eritrea* Hydrocodone 5 Codeine 6 000 Hydromorphone 1 500 Fentanyl 1 Levomethorphan 1 Morphine 3 000 Methadone 80 000 Pethidine 5 000 Morphine 40 000 Estonia Norcodeine 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Normethadone 2 Alfentanil 1 Opium 5 000 Cannabis 6 500 Oxycodone 400 000 Cannabis resin 3 Oxymorphone 1 Cocaine 900 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Codeine 300 Pethidine 3 000 Desomorphine 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Pholcodine 5 Phenoperidine 4 Remifentanil 500 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 5 Gambia* Thiofentanyl 1 Codeine 188 France Dextropropoxyphene 188 Alfentanil 2 000 Dihydrocodeine 188 Alphaprodine 3 Fentanyl 38 Anileridine 3 Methadone 4 Bezitramide 3 Morphine 188 Cannabis 600 000 Pethidine 750 Cannabis resin 200 Georgia Coca leaf 5 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Cocaine 3 500 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 36 510 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Codeine-N-oxide 3 Acetorphine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 ACA 31 845 000 Acetylmethadol 1 AMA 58 339 000 Alfentanil 1 AOA 250 000 Allylprodine 1 ATA 21 153 000 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Dextromoramide 3 Alphameprodine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Alphamethadol 1 Difenoxin 3 Alphaprodine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Benzylmorphine 1 Diphenoxylate 100 1 Dipipanone 1 000 Betameprodine 1 Ethylmorphine 305 000 1 Etorphine 10 Betaprodine 1 Fentanyl 90 000 Bezitramide 1 Heroin 100 Cocaine 1 Hydrocodone 100 Codeine 2 000 Hydromorphone 25 000 Desomorphine 1 Ketobemidone 1 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Levorphanol 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 1 500 000 Dihydromorphine 1 Morphine 103 000 000 Ecgonine 2 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Ethylmorphine 1 Nicomorphine 3 Etorphine 1 Norcodeine 3 Fentanyl 80 Normethadone 3 Heroin 1 Opium 16 001 000 Hydrocodone 1 Oripavine 200 Hydromorphone 1 Oxycodone 20 800 000 Ketobemidone 1 Oxymorphone 200 Levomethorphan 1 Pethidine 10 000 Levorphanol 1 Phenoperidine 3 1 Pholcodine 1 501 000 Methadone 35 000 Piritramide 3 Morphine 15 020 Remifentanil 3 000 Morphine-3-B-D-glucuronide 1 Sufentanil 950 1 Thebacon 3 Norcodeine 1 Thebaine 25 010 000 1 Tilidine 100 Normethadone 1 French Polynesia Normorphine 1 Alfentanil 25 Oxycodone 1 000 Cannabis 1 Oxymorphone 1 Cocaine 30 Pethidine 10 Codeine 1 Racemethorphan 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 250 Sufentanil 1 Hydromorphone 10 Thebaine 1 Methadone 200 Thiofentanyl 1 Morphine 3 000 Tilidine 1 Oxycodone 50 Trimeperidine 2 000 Pethidine 150 Germany Pholcodine 1 Alfentanil 5 000 Remifentanil 6 Cannabis 1 500 300 Sufentanil 3 Cocaine 3 590 Gabon* Codeine 8 508 000 Alfentanil 1 Dextromoramide 1 Cocaine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 10 Codeine 920 Dihydrocodeine 120 200 Dextromoramide 2 Diphenoxylate 15 050 Dextropropoxyphene 832 Dipipanone 1 Fentanyl 12 Ecgonine 5 Morphine 88 Ethylmorphine 15 Oxycodone 15 Etorphine 2 Pethidine 346 Fentanyl 420 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Heroin 170 000 Pethidine 30 000 Hydrocodone 3 200 Remifentanil 5 Hydromorphone 585 150 Guinea* Ketobemidone 200 000 Codeine 8 500 Methadone 1 485 000 Fentanyl 25 Morphine 1 200 316 Morphine 3 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Pethidine 8 000 Nicomorphine 1 Guinea -Bissau* Normethadone 1 Fentanyl 2 Opium 415 077 Morphine 1 500 Oripavine 1 Pethidine 1 000 Oxycodone 2 560 540 Guyana Oxymorphone 590 Cocaine 1 Pethidine 435 000 Codeine 82 801 Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 2 Piritramide 140 390 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 6 031 Hydrocodone 1 Sufentanil 1 254 Hydromorphone 1 Thebaine 2 000 000 Methadone 1 000 Tilidine 42 500 000 Morphine 4 000 Ghana Oxycodone 1 Cocaine 10 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 50 000 Pethidine 10 500 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Pholcodine 4 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 1 Haiti* Heroin 2 Codeine 4 000 Methadone 2 Fentanyl 17 Morphine 10 000 Morphine 6 800 Opium 10 Honduras Oxycodone 200 Codeine 28 949 Pethidine 100 000 Fentanyl 161 Remifentanil 1 Morphine 1 159 Thebaine 1 Oxycodone 3 000 Gibraltar Pethidine 2 389 Alfentanil 1 Hungary Cannabis 1 500 Alfentanil 1 Cocaine 10 Cannabis 6 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 Cocaine 1 200 Fentanyl 150 Codeine 5 807 100 Heroin 30 Codeine-N-oxide 4 Hydromorphone 5 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 5 ACA 180 000 Morphine 400 AMA 3 807 200 Oxycodone 800 ATA 5 402 000 Pethidine 5 Dextropropoxyphene 4 Remifentanil 4 Difenoxin 1 Greece* Dihydrocodeine 160 200 Alfentanil 5 Diphenoxylate 15 000 Cocaine 188 Ethylmorphine 58 000 Codeine 300 000 Fentanyl 9 500 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Heroin 2 Dextropropoxyphene 18 750 Hydromorphone 6 240 Fentanyl 6 000 Methadone 16 010 Methadone 22 500 Morphine 5 513 000 Morphine 2 625 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Oxycodone 1 125 Norcodeine 2 Pethidine 15 000 Oxycodone 2 653 540 Pholcodine 3 750 Oxymorphone 1 950 000 Remifentanil 413 Pethidine 5 500 Grenada* Remifentanil 1 Alfentanil 1 Sufentanil 3 Cocaine 8 Thebaine 780 000 Codeine 188 Iceland Dihydrocodeine 60 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 2 Cannabis 10 Hydrocodone 4 Codeine 100 000 Methadone 19 Fentanyl 500 Morphine 338 Hydromorphone 120 Pethidine 375 Ketobemidone 750 Guatemala Methadone 350 Alfentanil 2 Morphine 10 500 Codeine 200 000 Oxycodone 10 000 Diphenoxylate 6 000 Pethidine 280 Fentanyl 300 Remifentanil 4 Hydrocodone 10 000 Sufentanil 1 Methadone 3 000 India Morphine 6 000 Cannabis 10 Oxycodone 18 000 Cocaine 3

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Codeine 65 000 000 Oxycodone 500 000 Difenoxin 5 Oxymorphone 10 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 000 Pethidine 490 000 Diphenoxylate 14 100 000 Pholcodine 1 Ecgonine 2 Remifentanil 585 Ethylmorphine 500 000 Sufentanil 30 Fentanyl 13 750 Thebacon 1 Heroin 3 Thebaine 1 000 Hydrocodone 10 000 Tilidine 10 Hydromorphone 100 Trimeperidine 2 Methadone 2 500 000 Iraq* Morphine 13 553 354 Codeine 2 500 000 Opium 310 000 000 Diphenoxylate 431 250 Oripavine 80 000 Fentanyl 225 Oxycodone 20 000 Morphine 8 000 Oxymorphone 5 Pethidine 65 000 Pethidine 700 000 Remifentanil 57 Pholcodine 550 000 Ireland Remifentanil 1 500 Alfentanil 162 Sufentanil 25 Cannabis 5 Thebaine 2 000 000 Cannabis resin 5 Tilidine 140 000 Coca leaf 5 Trimeperidine 300 000 Cocaine 1 500 Indonesia Codeine 5 500 500 Codeine 1 880 000 Conc. of poppy straw Fentanyl 2 604 ATA 16 001 000 Hydromorphone 3 400 Dextromoramide 500 Methadone 90 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 001 000 Morphine 52 000 Dihydrocodeine 60 000 Oxycodone 2 600 Dipipanone 250 Pethidine 130 500 Ecgonine 5 Sufentanil 2 Ethylmorphine 5 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Etorphine 5 Acetyldihydrocodeine 2 Fentanyl 5 000 Acetylmethadol 1 Heroin 5 Alfentanil 800 Hydrocodone 1 000 Allylprodine 1 Hydromorphone 4 000 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Levorphanol 5 Alphameprodine 1 Methadone 250 000 Alphamethadol 1 Methadone intermediate 5 Alphaprodine 2 Morphine 54 000 Anileridine 2 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Betacetylmethadol 1 Norcodeine 1 Betameprodine 1 Normorphine 5 Betamethadol 1 Opium 1 100 Betaprodine 1 Oripavine 302 000 Cannabis 100 Oxycodone 102 000 Cannabis resin 10 Oxymorphone 5 Coca leaf 2 Pethidine 12 000 Cocaine 100 Pholcodine 250 000 Codeine 26 000 000 Remifentanil 315 Conc. of poppy straw Sufentanil 5 AMA 10 000 000 Thebaine 1 005 Dextromoramide 10 Israel Dextropropoxyphene 100 Alfentanil 5 Difenoxin 2 Cannabis 7 700 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Cocaine 1 000 Dihydromorphine 1 Codeine 983 000 Diphenoxylate 1 200 000 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Dipipanone 1 Etorphine 3 Ecgonine 5 Fentanyl 13 200 Ethylmorphine 100 Heroin 10 Etorphine 2 Hydrocodone 5 Fentanyl 600 Hydromorphone 600 Heroin 50 Levomethorphan 1 Hydrocodone 50 Methadone 270 000 Hydromorphone 50 Morphine 52 000 1 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Isomethadone 1 Oxycodone 300 000 Levo-A-acetylmethadol 2 Pethidine 25 000 Levomethorphan 1 Remifentanil 270 Levorphanol 1 Italy Methadone 5 500 000 Alfentanil 213 Methadone intermediate 10 Cannabis 1 000 000 Morphine 35 000 Cocaine 1 125 Noracymethadol 1 Codeine 22 260 000 Norlevorphanol 2 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Normethadone 1 Conc. of poppy straw Opium 155 000 000 ACA 3 600 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

AMA 3 600 000 Methadone 700 AOA 4 500 000 Morphine 60 000 ATA 1 600 000 Norcodeine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 4 Oxycodone 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 800 005 Pethidine 70 000 Dihydroetorphine 2 Remifentanil 225 Dihydromorphine 5 Thebaine 1 Diphenoxylate 3 Kazakhstan Ecgonine 6 Alfentanil 1 Ethylmorphine 5 Alphaprodine 1 Etorphine 12 Anileridine 1 Fentanyl 90 000 Bezitramide 1 Heroin 30 Cocaine 1 Hydrocodone 6 Codeine 2 754 Hydromorphone 52 500 Dextromoramide 1 Levorphanol 4 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Methadone 2 370 000 Difenoxin 1 Methadone intermediate 10 Dihydrocodeine 1 Morphine 2 600 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Dipipanone 1 Opium 2 Ethylmorphine 280 Oripavine 4 000 003 Etorphine 1 Oxycodone 1 540 000 Fentanyl 501 Oxycodone-N-oxide 2 Heroin 3 Oxymorphone 3 500 004 Hydrocodone 1 Pethidine 116 000 Hydromorphone 1 Pholcodine 300 000 Ketobemidone 1 Piritramide 12 Levorphanol 1 Racemoramide 3 Methadone 17 875 Remifentanil 3 174 Morphine 12 495 Sufentanil 250 Nicomorphine 1 Thebaine 2 000 004 Normethadone 1 Tilidine 5 Opium 2 325 Jamaica Oripavine 1 Cocaine 60 Oxycodone 1 Codeine 24 500 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 60 Pethidine 1 Morphine 8 000 Phenoperidine 1 Oxycodone 200 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine 20 000 Piritramide 1 Remifentanil 4 Remifentanil 1 Japan Sufentanil 1 Alfentanil 105 Thebacon 1 Cocaine 25 000 Thebaine 23 Codeine 11 850 000 Tilidine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Trimeperidine 17 900 AMA 10 001 000 Kenya* Dextropropoxyphene 5 Cannabis 1 Dihydrocodeine 13 505 000 Cannabis resin 1 Dihydromorphine 5 Cocaine 1 1 300 Codeine 180 000 Ecgonine 5 Dihydrocodeine 37 500 Ethylmorphine 10 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 55 000 Fentanyl 57 Hydrocodone 105 Heroin 1 Hydromorphone 200 Hydrocodone 75 Hydroxypethidine 5 Hydromorphone 54 Levorphanol 15 Methadone 22 500 Methadone 21 000 Morphine 100 000 Morphine 11 480 000 Oxycodone 750 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Pethidine 80 000 Normorphine 3 Remifentanil 38 Opium 70 050 000 Kiribati Oxycodone 690 000 Codeine 21 Oxymorphone 110 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 100 000 Morphine 35 Racemorphan 5 Pethidine 130 Remifentanil 15 000 Kuwait Sufentanil 110 Alfentanil 250 Thebaine 2 260 000 Cannabis 300 Jordan Cannabis resin 100 Cannabis 5 Codeine 1 500 Cocaine 5 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Codeine 50 000 Diphenoxylate 100 Dihydrocodeine 25 000 Fentanyl 450 Diphenoxylate 10 000 Hydrocodone 100 Fentanyl 500 Hydromorphone 100 Heroin 5 Methadone 200 Hydromorphone 250 Morphine 2 500

- 11 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Opium 300 Luxembourg Oxycodone 3 500 Alfentanil 12 Pethidine 23 000 Cannabis 18 000 Remifentanil 400 Cocaine 400 Sufentanil 2 Codeine 60 Kyrgyzstan Fentanyl 900 Cocaine 1 Heroin 10 000 Codeine 4 000 Hydromorphone 800 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Methadone 10 000 Ethylmorphine 1 Morphine 10 000 Fentanyl 40 Opium 350 Methadone 30 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Morphine 5 000 Pethidine 100 Thebaine 1 Piritramide 1 200 Trimeperidine 10 500 Remifentanil 80 Lao People's Democratic Republic Sufentanil 4 Codeine 25 000 Tilidine 45 000 Fentanyl 9 Madagascar Heroin 200 Codeine 35 741 Morphine 4 500 Ethylmorphine 15 000 Pethidine 7 500 Fentanyl 40 Latvia Morphine 629 Cannabis 1 Opium 104 757 Cocaine 1 Oxycodone 56 Codeine 263 Pethidine 5 Fentanyl 3 000 Sufentanil 1 Heroin 1 Malawi* Hydromorphone 60 Alfentanil 4 Methadone 14 000 Codeine 20 000 Morphine 10 700 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 90 Fentanyl 3 Pethidine 718 Morphine 33 000 Remifentanil 2 Pethidine 60 000 Sufentanil 2 Sufentanil 2 Thebaine 1 Malaysia Trimeperidine 22 500 Alfentanil 10 Lebanon Cannabis 30 Codeine 40 000 Cannabis resin 10 Fentanyl 220 Cocaine 6 000 Morphine 8 000 Codeine 120 000 Oxycodone 2 500 Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Pethidine 19 000 Diphenoxylate 100 000 Remifentanil 90 Etorphine 2 Sufentanil 5 Fentanyl 800 Lesotho Heroin 10 Fentanyl 2 Hydrocodone 10 Morphine 52 Hydromorphone 10 Pethidine 3 947 Methadone 600 000 Liberia* Morphine 60 000 Cocaine 281 Oxycodone 19 000 Codeine 2 500 Oxymorphone 10 Dihydrocodeine 563 Pethidine 100 000 Fentanyl 75 Pholcodine 100 000 Morphine 3 000 Remifentanil 150 Pethidine 3 000 Sufentanil 1 Libya* Thebaine 10 Alfentanil 29 Maldives Codeine 3 000 Fentanyl 57 Dihydrocodeine 281 Methadone 5 000 Fentanyl 38 Morphine 387 Morphine 1 500 Pethidine 1 013 Pethidine 15 000 Mali Remifentanil 3 Alfentanil 1 Lithuania Codeine 5 003 Cocaine 2 Fentanyl 3 Codeine 2 Morphine 7 916 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxycodone 6 535 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 160 Fentanyl 1 000 Sufentanil 1 Heroin 2 Malta Methadone 11 000 Alfentanil 45 Morphine 10 000 Cannabis 1 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Cocaine 1 Oripavine 1 Codeine 2 Pethidine 17 500 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 000 Remifentanil 10 Fentanyl 31 Thebaine 1 Heroin 20 Trimeperidine 2 Methadone 23 000 Morphine 4 600

- 12 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Pethidine 4 000 Cannabis resin 5 Remifentanil 5 Cocaine 5 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 1 Marshall Islands* Fentanyl 475 Codeine 97 Heroin 5 Fentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 1 Morphine 75 Hydromorphone 1 Pethidine 166 Methadone 5 001 Mauritania* Morphine 365 Codeine 4 000 Opium 2 Fentanyl 8 Oxycodone 1 Morphine 4 000 Pethidine 161 Mauritius Remifentanil 10 Alfentanil 1 Thebaine 1 Etorphine 1 Montserrat* Fentanyl 25 Codeine 112 Methadone 100 000 Etorphine 1 Morphine 1 800 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 9 500 Morphine 3 Remifentanil 7 Oxycodone 2 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 34 Mexico Morocco Alphaprodine 1 Alfentanil 75 Anileridine 1 Cocaine 4 Bezitramide 1 Codeine 2 522 620 Cannabis 15 Fentanyl 580 Cannabis resin 1 Methadone 89 000 Cocaine 25 Morphine 31 954 Codeine 521 000 Pholcodine 109 440 Dextromoramide 7 Remifentanil 27 Dextropropoxyphene 2 402 000 Sufentanil 15 Difenoxin 1 Mozambique Dihydrocodeine 4 Codeine 27 800 Diphenoxylate 1 Diphenoxylate 10 200 Dipipanone 1 Etorphine 5 Ecgonine 16 Fentanyl 700 Etorphine 11 Morphine 24 500 Fentanyl 12 150 Pethidine 14 100 Heroin 15 Pholcodine 1 000 Hydrocodone 7 000 Myanmar Hydromorphone 30 000 Codeine 42 257 Ketobemidone 1 Fentanyl 6 Levorphanol 2 Methadone 10 796 Methadone 552 000 Morphine 10 024 Morphine 688 000 Opium 3 269 Normethadone 1 Pethidine 19 683 Opium 2 Namibia Oripavine 1 Alfentanil 12 Oxycodone 436 000 Cocaine 500 Oxymorphone 13 Codeine 1 350 Pethidine 2 Dihydrocodeine 10 Phenoperidine 1 Dipipanone 10 Pholcodine 1 Etorphine 20 Piritramide 500 Fentanyl 100 Remifentanil 11 000 Hydromorphone 350 Sufentanil 805 Methadone 15 Thebacon 1 Morphine 10 000 Thebaine 1 Oxycodone 500 Tilidine 2 Pethidine 12 000 Micronesia (Federated States of) Remifentanil 15 Codeine 1 151 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 4 Tilidine 700 Morphine 160 Nauru Oxycodone 8 Codeine 60 Pethidine 207 Fentanyl 2 Mongolia Morphine 15 Cannabis 1 Pethidine 85 Cannabis Oil 1 Pholcodine 60 Cannabis resin 1 Nepal* Cocaine 1 Codeine 350 000 Codeine 4 000 Dextropropoxyphene 4 500 Fentanyl 24 Ethylmorphine 3 750 Heroin 1 Etorphine 2 Morphine 18 951 Fentanyl 75 Oxycodone 800 Methadone 15 000 Pethidine 1 400 Morphine 25 000 Trimeperidine 1 650 Pethidine 30 000 Montenegro Pholcodine 5 250 Cannabis 5

- 13 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Netherlands Dextropropoxyphene 15 000 AH-7921 1 Ecgonine 1 Alfentanil 200 Fentanyl 200 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Morphine 10 800 Alphaprodine 1 Oxycodone 3 000 Anileridine 1 Niger* Cannabis 350 000 Codeine 11 000 Coca leaf 50 000 Fentanyl 9 Cocaine 15 000 Morphine 11 000 Codeine 200 000 Pethidine 11 000 Conc. of poppy straw Nigeria AMA 5 000 Cocaine 375 ATA 5 000 Codeine 3 500 000 Dextromoramide 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Difenoxin 1 Diphenoxylate 20 000 Dihydroetorphine 1 Etorphine 8 Dipipanone 1 Fentanyl 38 Ecgonine 5 Hydromorphone 1 000 Etorphine 5 Methadone 5 000 Fentanyl 40 000 Morphine 30 000 Heroin 200 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Hydromorphone 5 000 Oxymorphone 5 000 Methadone 350 000 Pethidine 30 000 Morphine 200 000 Pholcodine 30 000 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Niue Nicomorphine 600 Codeine 36 Opium 10 000 Fentanyl 1 Oxycodone 600 000 Morphine 1 Oxymorphone 500 Pethidine 5 Pethidine 20 000 Norfolk Island Piritramide 15 000 Codeine 27 Racemoramide 1 Fentanyl 2 Remifentanil 600 Morphine 2 Sufentanil 60 Oxycodone 24 Tilidine 1 Norway New Caledonia 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Alfentanil 3 Alfentanil 202 Cocaine 5 Cannabis 100 000 Codeine 5 Cannabis resin 5 Fentanyl 300 Cocaine 2 300 Hydromorphone 100 Codeine 9 000 500 Methadone 200 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 3 000 ACA 5 500 000 Oxycodone 2 000 AMA 25 501 000 Remifentanil 15 ATA 32 500 Sufentanil 5 Desomorphine 1 New Zealand Dextropropoxyphene 1 Alfentanil 109 Dihydrocodeine 1 Cannabis 4 000 Ecgonine 1 Cannabis resin 5 Ethylmorphine 5 100 Cocaine 4 000 Etorphine 1 Codeine 1 941 872 Fentanyl 7 134 Dextromoramide 14 Heroin 18 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Hydrocodone 611 Difenoxin 3 Hydromorphone 4 000 Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Ketobemidone 16 440 Diphenoxylate 10 Methadone 121 983 Dipipanone 1 Morphine 2 131 169 Ethylmorphine 100 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Etorphine 3 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 5 000 Normorphine 1 Heroin 10 Opium 12 000 Hydrocodone 1 Oxycodone 280 000 Hydromorphone 35 Oxymorphone 1 Methadone 300 000 Pethidine 23 011 Morphine 280 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Opium 15 000 Pholcodine 1 Oripavine 1 Remifentanil 440 Oxycodone 230 000 Sufentanil 2 Oxymorphone 5 Thebaine 2 Pethidine 30 000 Oman Pholcodine 56 000 Alfentanil 1 Remifentanil 90 Codeine 2 221 526 Sufentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 96 Thebaine 400 Fentanyl 759 Tilidine 5 Methadone 98 Nicaragua Morphine 7 189 Cocaine 1 Pethidine 1 653 Codeine 15 000 Remifentanil 44

- 14 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Sufentanil 1 Methadone 160 000 Pakistan Morphine 800 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Diphenoxylate 1 024 000 Norcodeine 5 Fentanyl 750 Opium 120 000 Morphine 20 000 Oripavine 5 Oxycodone 75 Oxycodone 140 000 Pethidine 40 000 Oxymorphone 130 Pholcodine 3 000 000 Pethidine 160 000 Palau Pethidine intermediate B 5 Codeine 500 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Fentanyl 2 Pholcodine 20 000 Hydrocodone 15 Remifentanil 200 Methadone 10 Sufentanil 20 Morphine 70 Thebaine 100 Oxycodone 95 Tilidine 50 000 Pethidine 260 Portugal Panama 3-Methylfentanyl 5 Codeine 20 000 Alfentanil 400 Fentanyl 500 Cocaine 5 000 Morphine 7 000 Codeine 3 000 000 Oxycodone 8 000 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Pethidine 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Remifentanil 200 Ecgonine 5 Papua New Guinea Ethylmorphine 1 Codeine 2 577 Fentanyl 20 000 Dextropropoxyphene 90 Hydrocodone 5 Fentanyl 4 Hydromorphone 15 000 Methadone 2 Levomethorphan 5 Morphine 4 649 Methadone 600 000 Oxycodone 19 Morphine 70 000 Pethidine 12 577 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Paraguay Oripavine 5 Alfentanil 120 Oxycodone 20 000 Cocaine 3 Oxymorphone 10 Codeine 800 000 Pethidine 60 000 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Pethidine intermediate A 5 Fentanyl 3 500 Pethidine intermediate B 5 Heroin 1 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Hydrocodone 1 Remifentanil 400 Methadone 10 Sufentanil 200 Morphine 60 000 Qatar Oxycodone 10 Codeine 200 Pethidine 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 200 Remifentanil 700 Diphenoxylate 15 Peru Etorphine 2 Cocaine 500 000 Fentanyl 150 Codeine 730 000 Hydromorphone 100 Fentanyl 5 000 Methadone 200 Methadone 1 500 Morphine 2 500 Morphine 50 000 Oxycodone 500 Oxycodone 40 000 Pethidine 4 000 Pethidine 41 000 Remifentanil 200 Remifentanil 1 600 Tilidine 500 Philippines Republic of Korea Cannabis 100 Alfentanil 85 Cocaine 1 Cocaine 200 Codeine 1 Codeine 625 966 Dihydrocodeine 15 Dihydrocodeine 4 989 861 Fentanyl 508 Fentanyl 23 952 Morphine 48 015 Hydrocodone 8 555 Oxycodone 51 570 Hydromorphone 37 414 Pethidine 34 080 Morphine 204 291 Remifentanil 10 Oxycodone 764 894 Poland Pethidine 276 573 Alfentanil 5 Remifentanil 4 370 Cannabis 40 000 Sufentanil 27 Codeine 5 500 000 Republic of Moldova Codeine-N-oxide 5 Codeine 70 000 Desomorphine 3 Fentanyl 170 Dihydrocodeine 75 000 Methadone 15 000 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Morphine 10 000 Ecgonine 3 Oxycodone 50 Ethylmorphine 60 000 Thebaine 500 Etorphine 100 Trimeperidine 10 000 Fentanyl 20 000 Romania Heroin 50 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 400 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 300 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1

- 15 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Alfentanil 1 Saint Kitts and Nevis* Alphacetylmethadol 1 Cocaine 38 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 490 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Betacetylmethadol 1 Fentanyl 1 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Morphine 34 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Pethidine 688 Cannabis 35 000 Saint Lucia Cannabis resin 5 Cannabis 8 Coca leaf 1 Cannabis resin 4 Cocaine 5 Cocaine 75 Codeine 800 000 Codeine 2 500 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 3 Dextromoramide 1 Hydrocodone 74 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Methadone 56 Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Morphine 450 Ecgonine 2 Oxycodone 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Pethidine 1 500 Etorphine 1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Fentanyl 6 000 Codeine 5 000 Heroin 2 Fentanyl 2 Hydrocodone 1 Morphine 1 940 Hydromorphone 1 Pethidine 3 456 Levorphanol 1 Samoa Methadone 40 000 Codeine 100 Morphine 100 000 Fentanyl 1 Nicomorphine 1 Methadone 400 Normethadone 1 Morphine 250 Oxycodone 90 000 Oxycodone 22 Oxymorphone 1 Pethidine 230 Pethidine 50 000 Sao Tome and Principe* Phenoperidine 1 Morphine 175 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine 150 Remifentanil 30 Saudi Arabia Sufentanil 7 Alfentanil 48 Thebaine 1 Cannabis 25 Thiofentanyl 1 Codeine 620 055 Tilidine 4 800 Dextropropoxyphene 10 000 Russian Federation Dihydrocodeine 1 660 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Etorphine 10 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 8 500 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Hydromorphone 15 365 Alfentanil 1 Methadone 7 035 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Morphine 210 000 Cocaine 1 000 Oxycodone 15 000 Codeine 2 010 000 Pethidine 355 730 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Remifentanil 9 200 Dihydrocodeine 140 000 Sufentanil 11 Ecgonine 1 Senegal Fentanyl 5 000 Alfentanil 5 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 400 Hydromorphone 1 Codeine 685 000 Methadone 1 Etorphine 2 Morphine 200 000 Fentanyl 21 Oxycodone 50 000 Methadone 570 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 12 580 Pethidine 1 Opium 606 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Pholcodine 500 Racemoramide 1 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 2 Serbia Sufentanil 1 Alfentanil 600 Thebaine 2 000 Cocaine 1 Thiofentanyl 1 Codeine 100 000 Trimeperidine 350 000 Fentanyl 6 000 Rwanda Hydromorphone 10 000 Codeine 450 Methadone 100 000 Etorphine 10 Methadone intermediate 1 Fentanyl 320 Morphine 30 000 Methadone 20 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Morphine 77 280 Oxycodone 60 Pethidine 7 000 Pethidine 9 000 Saint Helena Pholcodine 6 000 Codeine 30 Remifentanil 3 000 Fentanyl 1 Sufentanil 12 Morphine 60 Tilidine 2 Pethidine 20 Seychelles Pholcodine 40 Cannabis 3 Remifentanil 1 Cannabis resin 2 Codeine 800

- 16 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Fentanyl 2 Pethidine 1 000 Heroin 2 Pholcodine 60 000 Methadone 1 800 Piritramide 4 000 Morphine 800 Remifentanil 3 100 Pethidine 500 Sufentanil 10 Sierra Leone Solomon Islands* Fentanyl 5 Codeine 283 Pethidine 10 000 Fentanyl 9 Singapore Morphine 520 Alfentanil 25 Oxycodone 100 Cannabis 10 Pethidine 1 500 Cannabis resin 5 Somalia* Cocaine 400 Codeine 11 000 Codeine 1 000 000 Morphine 4 000 Desomorphine 1 Pethidine 13 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 South Africa Dihydrocodeine 1 Alfentanil 620 Diphenoxylate 200 000 Cannabis 600 Ecgonine 1 Cocaine 6 500 Ethylmorphine 1 Codeine 9 436 031 Etorphine 1 Codeine-N-oxide 2 Fentanyl 1 000 Conc. of poppy straw Heroin 5 AMA 18 150 000 Hydrocodone 15 Dextromoramide 2 Hydromorphone 200 Dextropropoxyphene 23 380 Levomethorphan 1 Dihydrocodeine 500 950 Methadone 400 Dihydromorphine 2 Morphine 10 000 Diphenoxylate 2 Oxycodone 10 000 Etorphine 146 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 450 000 Pethidine 20 000 Heroin 4 Pholcodine 15 000 Hydrocodone 1 Remifentanil 100 Hydromorphone 10 000 Sufentanil 1 Levorphanol 1 Thebaine 1 Methadone 32 120 Sint Maarten Morphine 12 450 220 Alfentanil 3 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Cannabis 1 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 4 000 Normorphine 1 Fentanyl 50 Opium 120 000 Hydrocodone 1 Oripavine 2 Methadone 60 Oxycodone 40 550 Morphine 500 Pethidine 610 000 Nicomorphine 2 Pholcodine 245 752 Oxycodone 150 Remifentanil 10 000 Pethidine 400 Sufentanil 31 Piritramide 100 Thebaine 12 000 Remifentanil 1 Tilidine 80 000 Sufentanil 1 South Sudan* Slovakia Fentanyl 3 Alfentanil 8 000 Morphine 8 500 Cocaine 200 Pethidine 13 000 Codeine 2 014 500 Spain Conc. of poppy straw Alfentanil 250 AMA 3 000 000 Cannabis 250 000 Fentanyl 5 850 Cocaine 4 000 Hydromorphone 8 600 Codeine 10 200 000 Methadone 18 000 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 7 971 674 ACA 18 954 131 Morphine-N-oxide 1 AMA 110 935 160 Oxycodone 830 800 AOA 15 612 412 Oxymorphone 1 ATA 70 996 493 Pethidine 1 230 000 Dihydrocodeine 50 000 Piritramide 121 000 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Remifentanil 1 500 Etorphine 2 Sufentanil 1 200 Fentanyl 150 000 Thebaine 1 180 000 Heroin 5 000 Slovenia Hydrocodone 1 000 Alfentanil 25 Hydromorphone 60 000 Cocaine 3 000 Methadone 2 000 000 Codeine 215 000 Morphine 12 500 000 Dihydrocodeine 15 000 Normorphine 1 Fentanyl 6 000 Opium 1 000 000 Heroin 5 Oripavine 1 Hydrocodone 5 Oxycodone 800 000 Hydromorphone 15 000 Oxymorphone 1 Methadone 109 000 Pethidine 3 000 000 Morphine 180 000 Pholcodine 2 000 Oxycodone 390 000 Remifentanil 5 000

- 17 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Sufentanil 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 001 Thebaine 1 000 Diphenoxylate 15 Sri Lanka Ethylmorphine 2 100 Alfentanil 1 Etorphine 2 Cocaine 450 Fentanyl 20 500 Codeine 396 000 Heroin 270 000 Etorphine 40 Hydrocodone 2 500 Fentanyl 55 Hydromorphone 17 500 Methadone 300 Methadone 18 000 000 Morphine 16 000 Morphine 990 000 Opium 130 000 Nicomorphine 3 700 Pethidine 20 000 Opium 60 000 Remifentanil 2 Oripavine 2 000 000 Sudan Oxycodone 4 410 000 Fentanyl 31 Oxymorphone 2 500 000 Morphine 30 000 Pethidine 61 000 Pethidine 30 000 Pholcodine 1 Suriname* Piritramide 10 Cocaine 6 Remifentanil 800 Codeine 15 000 Sufentanil 20 Fentanyl 6 Thebaine 25 000 000 Morphine 375 Tilidine 50 000 Pethidine 150 Syrian Arab Republic Remifentanil 1 Alfentanil 20 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 2 000 000 Swaziland Diphenoxylate 100 000 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 350 Codeine 1 125 Hydrocodone 50 000 Dihydrocodeine 508 Morphine 8 000 Dipipanone 8 Oxycodone 125 000 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 100 000 Methadone 1 Remifentanil 500 Morphine 4 500 Sufentanil 30 Pethidine 2 250 Tajikistan Tilidine 90 Cocaine 1 280 Sweden Codeine 449 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Etorphine 5 Alfentanil 700 Fentanyl 38 Alphaprodine 2 Methadone 20 400 Cannabis 20 000 Morphine 3 800 Cocaine 3 500 Trimeperidine 32 000 Codeine 1 280 000 Thailand Desomorphine 1 Alfentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Bezitramide 1 Diphenoxylate 5 Cannabis 3 Ethylmorphine 650 000 Cannabis resin 3 Etorphine 5 Cocaine 2 000 Fentanyl 35 000 Codeine 700 000 Heroin 5 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Hydrocodone 122 Dextromoramide 1 Hydromorphone 15 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Ketobemidone 25 000 Difenoxin 1 Levomethorphan 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Levorphanol 1 Diphenoxylate 25 001 Methadone 230 000 Dipipanone 1 Morphine 700 000 Ecgonine 1 MPPP 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Opium 20 000 Etorphine 1 Oripavine 500 Fentanyl 2 000 Oxycodone 840 000 Heroin 5 Oxymorphone 1 Hydrocodone 1 Pethidine 18 000 Hydromorphone 1 Pholcodine 5 Ketobemidone 1 Piritramide 100 Levorphanol 1 Remifentanil 1 000 Methadone 170 000 Sufentanil 60 Morphine 250 000 Thebaine 2 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Tilidine 100 Nicomorphine 1 Switzerland Normethadone 1 Alfentanil 200 Normorphine 1 Cannabis 100 000 Opium 1 500 000 Cocaine 5 000 Oripavine 1 Codeine 600 000 Oxycodone 8 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxymorphone 1 AMA 5 000 000 Pethidine 200 000 AOA 2 500 000 Phenoperidine 1 Dextromoramide 1 Pholcodine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Piritramide 1 Difenoxin 1 Remifentanil 70

- 18 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Sufentanil 1 Hydrocodone 2 Thebacon 1 Hydromorphone 1 Thebaine 1 Ketobemidone 1 Tilidine 1 Levorphanol 1 The former Yugoslav Rep. of Macedonia Methadone 10 Alfentanil 5 Morphine 28 000 Codeine 2 500 046 Nicomorphine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Normethadone 5 AMA 2 250 000 Normorphine 1 Fentanyl 35 Opium 40 000 Hydrocodone 1 Oripavine 2 Methadone 60 032 Oxycodone 1 000 Morphine 2 300 025 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 10 020 Pethidine 2 500 Pholcodine 150 044 Phenoperidine 1 Remifentanil 15 Pholcodine 5 000 Thebaine 40 002 Piritramide 1 Timor -Leste Remifentanil 400 Codeine 2 119 Sufentanil 10 Fentanyl 2 Thebacon 1 Morphine 22 Thebaine 2 Togo Tilidine 1 Alfentanil 1 Turkey Fentanyl 15 Alfentanil 10 Morphine 2 000 Alphaprodine 2 Pethidine 9 000 Anileridine 2 Sufentanil 1 Bezitramide 2 Tonga Cannabis 5 Codeine 200 Cannabis resin 5 Fentanyl 50 Coca leaf 1 Morphine 145 Cocaine 1 000 Pethidine 200 Codeine 2 820 000 Trinidad and Tobago Conc. of poppy straw Alfentanil 20 ACA 225 000 Cannabis 5 AMA 3 700 000 Cannabis resin 5 Dextromoramide 2 Coca leaf 5 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Cocaine 1 000 Difenoxin 2 Codeine 7 000 Dihydrocodeine 2 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Diphenoxylate 50 000 Fentanyl 50 Dipipanone 1 Heroin 20 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Etorphine 1 Hydromorphone 1 000 Fentanyl 25 000 Methadone 100 Heroin 2 Morphine 20 000 Hydrocodone 2 Opium 1 000 Hydromorphone 2 000 Oxycodone 1 000 Ketobemidone 2 Oxymorphone 1 000 Levorphanol 2 Pethidine 35 000 Methadone 2 Pholcodine 500 Morphine 100 000 Remifentanil 20 Nicomorphine 2 Tristan da Cunha* Normethadone 2 Codeine 600 Opium 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 225 Oripavine 1 Fentanyl 1 Oxycodone 8 000 Morphine 4 Oxymorphone 2 Pethidine 1 Pethidine 260 000 Pholcodine 38 Phenoperidine 1 Tilidine 1 Pholcodine 1 Tunisia Piritramide 1 Alfentanil 9 Remifentanil 2 000 Alphaprodine 1 Sufentanil 2 Anileridine 1 Thebacon 1 Bezitramide 1 Thebaine 2 Cannabis 10 Tilidine 2 Cocaine 3 Turkmenistan Codeine 1 900 000 Codeine 1 650 Dextromoramide 1 Fentanyl 26 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Morphine 6 230 Difenoxin 1 Remifentanil 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 2 Trimeperidine 20 245 Diphenoxylate 3 Turks and Caicos Islands Dipipanone 2 Codeine 361 Ecgonine 1 Dihydrocodeine 59 Ethylmorphine 30 000 Fentanyl 1 Etorphine 2 Heroin 2 Fentanyl 300 Hydrocodone 3 Heroin 3 Hydromorphone 1

- 19 -

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Morphine 78 Thebaine 28 196 435 Oxycodone 243 Tilidine 525 Pethidine 135 United Republic of Tanzania Tuvalu Codeine 30 000 Codeine 60 Etorphine 20 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 20 Morphine 76 Methadone 120 000 Pethidine 40 Morphine 30 000 Uganda* Pethidine 50 000 Codeine 117 600 Pholcodine 2 000 Etorphine 2 United States of America Fentanyl 18 3-Methylfentanyl 2 Morphine 97 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 2 Pethidine 50 000 Acetylmethadol 2 Remifentanil 1 Alfentanil 17 750 Ukraine Allylprodine 2 Codeine 1 572 769 Alphacetylmethadol 2 Fentanyl 876 Alphameprodine 2 Methadone 701 805 Alphamethadol 2 Morphine 196 227 Alphaprodine 3 Thebaine 145 Betacetylmethadol 2 Trimeperidine 67 276 Betameprodine 2 United Arab Emirates Betamethadol 4 Alfentanil 16 Betaprodine 2 Codeine 252 000 Cannabis 200 000 Diphenoxylate 500 Cannabis resin 100 Etorphine 15 Coca leaf 175 000 000 Fentanyl 900 Cocaine 100 000 Hydrocodone 250 Codeine 65 000 000 Hydromorphone 250 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 200 ACA 34 609 317 Morphine 7 000 AMA 118 428 423 Oxycodone 700 AOA 51 480 394 Pethidine 15 000 ATA 207 344 128 Remifentanil 750 Dextropropoxyphene 45 Sufentanil 2 Difenoxin 11 000 United Kingdom Dihydrocodeine 40 000 Alfentanil 10 856 Diphenoxylate 1 337 500 Cannabis 9 436 000 Ecgonine 3 000 Cannabis resin 40 Ethylmorphine 3 Cocaine 27 160 Fentanyl 2 300 000 Codeine 80 389 274 Heroin 100 Conc. of poppy straw Hydrocodone 60 000 000 ACA 25 603 566 Hydromorphone 5 000 000 AMA 86 996 494 Hydroxypethidine 2 Desomorphine 5 Levo-A-acetylmethadol 4 Dextromoramide 255 Levomethorphan 5 Dextropropoxyphene 747 313 Levorphanol 7 125 Dihydrocodeine 14 906 165 Metazocine 19 Dihydromorphine 2 Methadone 31 875 000 Diphenoxylate 172 281 Methadone intermediate 34 375 000 Dipipanone 13 500 Morphine 80 000 000 Ecgonine 11 Noracymethadol 2 Ethylmorphine 7 Norlevorphanol 52 Etorphine 4 Normethadone 2 Fentanyl 71 071 Opium 300 000 000 Heroin 45 616 Oripavine 18 512 000 Hydrocodone 25 Oxycodone 71 250 000 Hydromorphone 8 107 Oxymorphone 12 000 000 Isomethadone 2 Pethidine 5 450 000 Ketobemidone 677 Pethidine intermediate A 6 Levorphanol 4 Pethidine intermediate B 11 Methadone 3 609 297 Pethidine intermediate C 6 Morphine 8 542 410 Phenazocine 6 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Racemethorphan 3 Norcodeine 5 Remifentanil 3 750 Normorphine 5 Sufentanil 6 255 Opium 204 274 Thebaine 90 006 000 Oripavine 2 Thiofentanyl 2 Oxycodone 3 000 000 Tilidine 25 Oxymorphone 274 Trimeperidine 25 Pethidine 690 000 Uruguay Pethidine intermediate B 2 Alfentanil 1 Pethidine intermediate C 3 Cocaine 1 Pholcodine 596 898 Codeine 129 000 Piritramide 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Racemoramide 2 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Remifentanil 1 936 Fentanyl 450 Sufentanil 311 Heroin 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2016 (March update )

Hydrocodone 1 Opium 55 000 Methadone 2 500 Oxycodone 30 Morphine 41 000 Pethidine 109 000 Oxycodone 311 Pholcodine 3 500 Pethidine 1 Sufentanil 2 Remifentanil 114 Tilidine 3 500 Sufentanil 1 Thebaine 1 Uzbekistan Note: Codeine 400 Fentanyl 50 ACA stands for anhydrous codeine alkaloid; Morphine 5 500 AMA stands for anhydrous morphine alkaloid; Thebaine 30 AOA stands for anhydrous oripavine alkaloid; and Trimeperidine 9 000 ATA stands for anhydrous thebaine alkaloid. Vanuatu Codeine 200 Other countries: Fentanyl 1 Holy See See Italy Liechtenstein See Switzerland Morphine 100 Monaco See France Oxycodone 75 San Marino See Italy Pethidine 1 Pholcodine 37 Names of territories are in italics. Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) *Annual estimates were established by the Board. Codeine 800 000 Fentanyl 3 700 Methadone 40 500 The designations employed and the Morphine 200 000 presentation of the material in this publication do not Oxycodone 80 000 imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the Remifentanil 2 700 part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning Viet Nam* the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or Alfentanil 1 of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its Codeine 10 800 000 frontiers or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred Dihydrocodeine 90 000 to by the names that were in official use at the time the relevant data were collected. Ethylmorphine 1 500

Fentanyl 450 Les appellations employées dans cette Hydrocodone 15 000 publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent Hydromorphone 15 n’impliquent de la part du Secrétariat de l’Organisation Methadone 1 500 000 des Nations Unies aucune prise de position quant au Morphine 80 000 statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou Oxycodone 90 000 de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières Pethidine 220 000 ou limites. Les noms de pays ou de zones figurant dans Remifentanil 75 le présent document sont ceux qui étaient officiellement Sufentanil 8 en usage au moment où les données ont été recueillies. Wallis and Futuna Islands* Codeine 263 Las denominaciones empleadas en esta Fentanyl 3 publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los Morphine 8 datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Opium 188 Secretaría de las Naciones Unidas, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o Sufentanil 1 zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la Yemen* delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. Los países y Codeine 15 625 zonas se mencionan por el nombre oficialmente utilizado Fentanyl 108 en el momento en que se recopilaron los datos Hydromorphone 750 pertinentes. Morphine 3 000 Pethidine 12 000 ______Pholcodine 9 000 Remifentanil 8 Sufentanil 2 Zambia Codeine 14 000 Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Dihydrocodeine 600 Diphenoxylate 600 Etorphine 12 Fentanyl 100 Morphine 9 000 Pethidine 35 000 Pholcodine 100 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 1 Zimbabwe Alfentanil 2 Codeine 307 000 Diphenoxylate 300 Dipipanone 5 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 50 Hydromorphone 100 Methadone 5 Morphine 12 000

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