276 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January ·13. sour!; .John C. Watts, Kentucky; Harlan Committee on Government Operations: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hagen, California; Lester Johnson, Wiscon­ William· L. Dawson (chairman), Illinois; sin; Victor L. Anfuso, New York; Ross Bass. Chet Holifield, California; John W. McCor­ THURSDAY, JANUARY 13, 1955 Tennessee; Coya Knutson, Minnesota; Pat mack, Massachusetts; Earl Chudoff,. Penn­ Jennings, Virginia. sylvania; Jack B. Brooks, Texas; Lester The House met ·at 12 o'clock noon. Committee on Appropriations: Clarence Holtzman, New York; Robert H. Mollohan, Father Edward J.· Kammer, C. M .• Cannon (chairman), Missouri; George H. ; L. H. Fountain, North Caro­ executive vice president of DePaul Uni­ Mahon, Texas; Harry R. Sheppard, Califor­ lina; Porter Hardy, Jr., Virginia; John A. nia; Albert Thomas, Texas; Michael J. Kir­ Blatnik, Minnesota; Robert E. Jones, Jr., versity, Chicago, Ill., ofiered the follow- wan, Ohio; W. F. Norrell, Arkansas; Jamie Alabama; Edward A. Garmatz, Maryland; ing prayer: · L. Whitten, Mississippi; George W. Andrews, John E. Moss, Jr., California; Joe M. Kilgore, 0 God,. the Creator and Ruler of the Alabama; John J. Rooney, New York; J. Texas; Dante B. Fascell, Florida; Martha W. universe, look with favor and help with Vaughan Gary, Virginia; John E. Fogarty, Griffiths, Michigan; Henry S. Reuss, Wis­ Thy grace this group of Thy creatures Rhode Island; Robert L. F. Sikes, Florida; consin. · Antonio M. Fernandez, New Mexico; Prince Committee on House Administration: Omar upon whose intelligence, strength, and H . Preston, Georgia; Otto E. Passman, Loui­ Burleson (chairman). Texas; Robert C. Byrd, integrity Thou hast placed the terrible siana; Louis C. Rabaut, Michigan; · Sidney West Virginia; Samuel N. Friedel, Maryland; burden of world leadership. R. Yates, Illinois; Fred Marshall, Minnesota; Robert T. Ashmore, South Carolina; Wayne Mayest Thou grant to each of them John J. Riley, South Carolina; Alfred D. L. Hays, Ohio; Paul C. Jones, Missouri; the cardinal virtues of prudence, jus­ Sieminski, New Jersey; Joe L. Evins, Ten­ George M. Rhodes, Pennsylvania; John tice, fortitude, and temperance: pru..: nessee; Henderson Lanham, Georgia; Charles Lesinski, Jr., Michigan; Frank E. Smith, Mis­ dence that they may say and do the right B. Deane, Nor th Carolina; John F . Shelley, sissippi; John Dowdy, Texas; GeorgeS. Long, thing at the right time; justice that they California; Edward P. Boland, Massachu­ Louisiana; James A. Haley, Florida; Hugh Q. setts; Don Magnuson, Washington; William Alexander, North Carolina; FrankS. Thomp­ may be to the world a beacon of hope; H. Natcher, Kentucky; Daniel J. Flood, Penn­ son, Jr., New Jersey. fortitude that thay may not be swayed sylvania; Winfield K. Denton, Indiana; J ames Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ by the expediency of the moment; tem­ C. Murray, Illinois. fairs: Clair Engle (chairman), California; perance that they may have patience Committee on Armed Services: Carl Vin­ Wayne N. Aspinall, Colorado; Leo W. O'Brien, and understanding when things go son (chairman) , Georgia; Overton Brooks, New , York; Walter Rogers, Texas; Gracie awry. Louisiana; Paul J. I{ilday, Texas; Carl T. Pfost, Idaho; James A. Haley, Florida; George These virtues we humbly ask of Thee, Durham, North Carolina; L. Mendel Rivers, A. Shuford, North Carolina; Adam C. Powell, 0 God, in the name of Thy Son, our South Carolina; Philip J. Philbin, Massachu­ Jr., New York; Ed Edmondson, Oklahoma; setts; F. Edward Hebert, Louisiana; Arthur Lee Metcalf, Montana; George H. Christo­ Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. Amen. Winstead, Mississippi; Melvin Price, Illinois; pher, Missouri; B. F. Sisk, California; Stewart The J oumal of the proceedings of 0. C. Fisher, Texas; Porter Hardy, Jr., Vir­ Udall, Arizona; Charles C. Diggs, Jr., Michi· Tuesday, January 11. 1955, was read and ginia; William J. Green, Jr., Pennsylvania; gan; J. T. Rutherford, Texas. Clyde Doyle, California; Victor Wickersham, Committee on Interstate and Foreign approved. Oklahoma; George P. Miller, California; Commerce: J. Percy Priest (chairman), Ten­ Charles E. Bennett, Florida; Lester Holtz­ nessee; Oren Harris, Arkansas; Arthur G. SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS man, New York; Robert H. Mollohan, West Klein, New York; William T. Granahan, Virginia; Richard E. Lankford, Maryland; Pennsylvania; F. Ertel Carlyle, North Caro­ Mr. CHIPERFIELD and Mr. ALLEN George Huddleston, Jr., Alabama. lina; John Bell Williams, Mississippi; Peter of California appeared at the bar of the Committee on Banking and Currency: F. Mack, Jr., Illinois; Kenneth A. Roberts, House and took the oath of office. Brent Spence (chairman), Kentucky; Paul AlJ.bama; Morgan M. Moulder, Missouri; Har­ Brown, Georgia; Wright Patman, Texas; Al­ ley 0. Staggers, West Virginia; Isidore Dol· bert Rains, Alabama; Abraham J. Multer, New linger, New York; Walter Rogers, Texas; MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT York; Hugh J. Addonizio, New Jersey; Wil· Martin Dies, Texas; Samuel N. Friedel, Mary­ Sundry messagen in writing from the liam A. Barrett, Pennsylvania; Barratt land; John J. Flynt, Jr., Georgia; Torbert O'Hara, Illinois; Vera Buchanan, Pennsyl­ Macdonald, Massachusetts; Don Hayworth, President of the were com­ vania; Leonor K. (Mrs. John B.) Sullivan, Michigan. municated to the House by Mr. Miller, Missouri; L. H. Fountain, North Carolina; committee on the Judiciary: E'm.anuel one of his secretaries. . HenryS. Reuss, Wisconsin; Martha W. Grif· Celler (chairman), New York; Francis E. flths, Michigan; Thomas Ludlow Ashley. Walter, Pennsylvania; Thomas J. Lane, Mas­ Ohio; Charles A. Vanik, Ohio; Irwin D. David· sachusetts; Michael A. Feighan, Ohio; Frank COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS son, New York; John J. Bell, Texas. Chelf, Kentucky; Edwin E. Willis, Louisiana; Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, I ofier a Committee on the District of Columbia:· James B. Frazier, Jr., Tennessee; Peter W. .John L. McMillan (chairman), South Caro­ Rodino, Jr., New Jersey; Woodrow W. Jones, privileged resolution

REASONS FOR THE HIGH PERSONNEL TURNOVER ance coverage and those who can get it (3) Other nonpay benefits · should be Field studies made by the services must pay a sizable premium differential. provided, including: have attempted to pinpoint reasons for While we are in a peacetime situation, (a) A "dislocation" allowance for mil­ the high personnel turnover rate. A many men in the Strategic Air Com­ itary personnel with dependents who are very large portion of the military per­ mand, the Air Defense Command, and ordered to a new permanent duty station. sonnel surveyed expressed dissatisfac­ various naval units are on alert up to 60 (b) An increase in the per diem al­ tion with traditional service benefits hours per week, subject to sudden and lowance for temporary duty travel from such as PX facilities, dependents' medi­ prolonged absences from home and loved. $9 to $12, in keeping with a comparable cal care, family housing, death benefits ones. Airborne troops of the Army and proposal for civilian Government em­ for survivors, and related items. Wher­ submarine crews of the Navy are also ployees. ever administrative action can improve exposed to discomforts and dangers not (c) More housing for service families conditions, action is being taken by the found in civilian pursuits. in areas where present facilities are in­ services. However, legislation is neces­ CONCLUSIONS sufficient and authority for reduced sary for changes in most benefits and The fundamental objectives to be at­ rentals where men and their families in the level of compensation. tained by the proposed legislation are must live temporarily in substandard Since 1949, there has been one in­ the attraction of young men to a mili­ housing. . crease in pay which along with in­ tary career and the retention of men in (d) Removal of existing inequities and creases in allowances, amounted to an this career once they have chosen it. In provision for better medical care for aggregate advance in compensation of addition, it is necessary to offer special military families. 5.7 percent. Military pay, nevertheless, attractions to men who undertake the Equalization of survivor benefits has fallen behind that of industry. In particularly ·hazardous jobs that are according to rank for active and retired addition, supplementary pay practices, becoming more important as weapons personnel. health, security, and retirement benefits, become increasingly complex. These recommendations are vitally im­ and bonus systems are now widespread These objectives require compensation portant to the welfare of our military throughout industry, and this fact which is more in line with that offered people and to the sustained security of tends to neutralize such advantage as by private industry. They also require the Nation. It is the objective of the the military services had in these fields. Government that the size of the active strengthening of traditional service Military Establishment shall be no great­ EFFECTS OF HIGH TURNOVER RATE ON benefits in recognition of the unusual er than is consistent with the needs of OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY difficulties facing the serviceman and his family. Servicemen frequently live in national security. It shall always be our While the high turnover in military objective, in the present world situation, personnel is costly in dollars, even more isolated areas and under circumstances to maintain a military force that we can costly is the loss of experience and op­ that can be extremely trying. They are support for the many years that may be erational efficiency which results from it. subject to frequent and long absences necessary to dispel the shadow of Com­ We are losing too many men trained from their families, enforced on them by munist threat. In my judgement, the in leadership and technical skills-the their defense missions. measures herein presented will strength­ experienced hard core of a modern Both pay and the nonpay benefits are en our security and preserve our way fighting force. To maintain required important, varying with the status of of life. percentages of young officers we must the men we are trying to attract. At I urge that the Congress give early obtain them from the service Academies the present time 60 percent of personnel and favorable consideration to the rec­ and from Reserve training units. A cer­ on active duty are unmarried. These ommendations I have herein submitted. tain number should elect to continue a men are less likely to be attracted by deferred or family benefits than by an DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. service career beyond the required mini­ THE WHITE HOUSE, January 13,1955. mum time. Yet not enough of our increase in pay. younger officers currently continue in So our problem is twofold. On the military service. In 1954, 4,000 young one hand, we must attract more of the young, unmarried men into a military RETffiED OFFICERS OF THE Naval Reserve officers completed their UNIFORMED SERVICES obligated period of service. Only 200 career. On the other, we must provide of these elected to remain in the career advantageous benefits for those who have Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask service. families. unanimous consent to rerefer the bill As a result of the loss of younger offi­ In proposing adjustments in pay, I do H. R. 487 from the Committee on the cers, there is a noticeable shortage of not recommend that any across-the­ Armed Services to the Ccmmittee on Post officers and men in the services with in­ board increase should be authorized. Office and Civil Service. termediate levels of experience. In the Such pay adjustments should foster ca­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Army, for example, there are substan­ reer service. Specifically, no increase is the request of the gentleman from tially fewer officers with 4 to 10 years' proposed in the first 2 years for enlisted Georgia? service than with 10 to 15 years' experi­ men, because this is the least valuable There was no objection. ence. In the other services a similar sit­ period of a man's service, and no in­ uation exists. A large percentage of creases are proposed in the first 3 years officers in the older age group who saw for officers. Our efforts should be di­ URGEN'l' DEFICIENCY APPROPRIA· service in World War II and in Korea rected at inducing men to stay on after TION ACT, 1955 outnumbers a proportionately smaller those periods. For this reason, I con­ Mr. CANNON from the Committee on group of younger officers. We must not sider it highly important that a ·schedule Appropriations, reported the bill

CHAPTER III ·Mr. CANNON. Mr. Chairman, I move pendents Assistance Act of 195(), Pubiic INDEPENDENT OFFICES the Committee do now rise and report Law 771 of the 8lst Congress. Housing and Home Finance Agency the bill back to the House without The results of the limited survey in Federal Housing AdmiD:istration amendment, with the recommendation Puerto Rico became known to me in Jan­ The amount made available under this that the bill -do pass. uary 1953. at the time I became chair­ head in title II of the Independent' Offices The motion was agreed to. man of the House Armed Services Com­ Appropriation Act, 1955, as amended by the Accordingly the Committee rose; and mittee. My first official act, as a matter Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1955, for Mr. CoOPER having assumed the chair as of fact, as chairman of the House Armed administrative expenses, is increased from Speaker pro tempore, Mr. BoLLING, Services Committee, was a conference "$5,500,000" to "$5,625,000," and the limita­ Chairman of the Committee of the Whole with Army officials who were disturbed tion on the amount available for the ex­ House on the State of the Union, re­ over the Puerto Rico findings and re­ penses of travel is increased from "$250,000" ported that that Committee, having had questing my advice on the course of ac­ to "$267,600": Provided, That the limitation under said head on the amounts available under consideration the bill tion which should be taken by them. for certain nonadministrative expenses of making appropriations for the fiscal year From the known results ill Puerto Rico, said Administration is increased from ending June 30, 1955, and for other pur­ I was convinced that every secondary "$26,250,000" to not to exceed "$31,560,000": ·poses, had directed him to report the allotment claim in Puerto Rico should Provided further, That no part of the funds same back to the House with the recom­ be investigated and, therefore, I urged contained herein shall be available for trans­ mendation that the bill do pass. the Army to undertake such an investi­ fer, but shall be available for use exclusively Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I move gation. It was a big job due to the lim­ by the Federal Housing Administration. the previous question on the bill to final ited number of trained investigators Foreign Claims Settlement Commission passage. obtainable, but the Army readily agreed Administrative expenses The previous question was ordered. to my request and a full investigation of For an additional amount for "Administra­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed all claims in Puerto Rico was promptly tive expenses," for carrying out the provi­ and read a third time, was read the third undertaken. During that conference I sions of the act of August 31, 1954 (Public time, and passed, and a motion to recon- recalled the tremendous sums which Law 744), $90,000, to be derived from the sider was laid on the table. · were lost during World War II through War Claims Fund created by section 13a of the War Claims Act of 1948 (Public Law the payment of unjustified or fraudulent 896, approved July 3, 1948); and this· amount dependency claims. This promptly led . and amounts previously made available from DEPENDENCY ALLOTMENT CLAIMS me to request that a substantial sam­ this source to the Foreign Claims Settlement IN PUERTO RICO pling of the secondary allotments to de­ Commission for "Administrative expenses'' pendents of Army personnel in the shall remain available until June 30, 1955: Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I ask United States be investigated. The· re­ Provided, That the limitation under this unanimous consent that the gentleman sults of such -an investigation would be head in the Independent Offices Appropria­ from Missouri [Mr. SHORT] may extend used as a guide for possible future ac­ tion Act, 1955, as amended by the Supple­ his remarks at this point in the REcoRD. mental Appropriation Act, 1955, on the tion. The Army readily agreed and amount available for expenses of travel of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to thereafter completed this limited inves­ the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission the request of the gentleman from Illi­ tigation of paying allotments in the (War Claims Commission) is increased from nois? United States in the late summer of "$8,000" to "$12,000." There was no objection. 1953. CHAPTER IV Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, for the The initial findings from the sampling GENERAL PROVISIONS past 24 months an investigation of de­ of claims in the United States indicated SEC. 401. No part of any appropriation con­ pendency allotments, which investiga­ that about 30 percent· of the secondary tained in this act, or of the funds available tion is now known as Project Big, has allotments were improper. I then had for expenditure by any corporation included been underway in the military services. another conference with the Army rep­ in this act, shall be used to pay the salary I urged this investigation in January resentatives and it was agreed that the or wages of any person who engages in a 1953 and have had intimate knowledge Army would investigate all of the sec­ strike against the Government of the United of its progress since that time. This ondary dependency allotment claims be­ States, or who is a member of an organiza­ investigation has been conducted in ing paid by the Army in the United tion of Government employees that asserts the right to strike against the Government Puerto Rico, the continental United States. This was the birth of Project of the United States, or who advocates, or is a States, and Hawaii. I wish to announce Big. member of an· organization that advocates, that the Army is now in the process of The Army has completed its initial in­ the overthrow of the Government of the extending their it.Lvestigation of these vestigation in Puerto Rico. A total of United States by force or violence: Provided, allotments to all areas in the world where 21,973 secondary dependency allotments That for the purposes hereof an affidavit investigation is feasible and effective have been readjudicated and 7,781, or shall be considered prima facie evidence that today, has begun the investigation in 35 percent·, have been rejected in Puerto the person making the affidavit has not con­ Germany, France, Austria, and Italy. Rico. The Army has investigated 63,537 trary to the provisions of this section en­ gaged in a .strike against the Government of This involves secondary dependents, cases in the United States, rejecting the United States, is not a member of an that is, parents who actually reside in 17,941, or 28 percent. Army savings in organization of Government employees that these countries. Puerto Rico and in the United States are asserts the right to strike against the Gov­ Late in 1952 the Comptroller General $27,596,281.20, based on the normal life ernment of the United States, or that such of the United States, the Department of a class Q allotment. person does not advocate, and if,! not a mem­ of Defense, and the Army conducted a These investigations have cost money­ ber of an organization that advocates, the perhaps almost a million dollars-but overthrow of the Government of the United limited survey of dependency allotment States by force or violence: Provided further, claims in Puerto Rico. The specific when compared to the savings to the tax­ That any person who engages in a strike claims under investigation were known payers already produced in the Army against the Government of the United States as secondary dependents--or parents­ phase alone, I feel sure that no one can or who is a member of an organization of claims in connection with class Q allot­ say that it has not been a worthwhile Government employees that asserts the right ments. Part of the allotment comes undertaking. Their psychological value to strike against the Government of the from the enlisted person's pay and part cannot be calculated, but it is pertinent United States, or who advocates, or who is a is contributed by the Government. The to note that some servicemen have even member of an organization that advocates, voluntarily canceled their dependency the overthrow of the Government of the sums contributed by the Government United States by force or violence and ac­ vary from $51.30, for a private with 1 allotments and there has been a notice­ cepts employment the salary or wages for dependent, to $96.90, for a sergeant with able decrease in the percent number per which are paid from any appropriation or 3 or more dependents. Dependency on thousand troops of applications received. fund contained in this or any other act shall the enlisted person for more than one­ It is regrettable to know that anum­ be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, half of their support is the key to class ber of cases involving certain fraud have shall be fined not more than $1,000 or im­ Q allotments for parents, and both the been uncovered, but I feel that the action prisoned for not more than 1 year, or both: which is now takir~g place with regard to Provided further, That the above penalty serviceman and the dependent parent clause shall be in addition to, and not in or parents making the claim must make those who have committed fraud will substitution for, any other provisions of an affidavit that this is the case. These serve as a lesson to others. A number existing law. allot.mEmt~c:: are authorized bv the De- of cases have been referred to the United 284: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE · January 13 states district attorneys for possible nority who are guilty of fraud against man from Massachusetts [Mr. McCoR .. prosecution. Also, a number of service their fellow taxpayers had better take MACK]? personnel have already, or will, face mil.. cover because the full force of justice will ~here was no objection. itary courts-martial. The Army alone be used against them. has convicted a number of service per.. Since a few bad apples can spoil the sonnel with sentences ranging up to dis· barrel, now is the time to remove the bad SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED honorable discharge. This, too, is re· ones. We must and will fully protect Mr. SHEPPARD asked and was given grettable; however, it is time for that the rights of individuals who are entitled permission to address the House for 10 small minority who commit willful fraud to Federal financial aid in the form of minutes today, following any special on their fellow citizens to understand allotments, but we will not permit people orders heretofore entered. that they must surely pay the penalty. who do not fully qualify for such aid to Mr. BAILEY asked and was given per­ In view of the results obtained in the unjustly receive this form of Federal mission to address the House for 30 min· investigations in the United States and financial support. utes on Monday next, following the leg­ Puerto Rico, I felt that all allotments The Navy, the Marine Corps, and the islative program and any special orders being paid by the Army for secondary Air Force have conducted similar inves­ heretofore entered. dependents, regardless of where these tigations on a lesser scale, but sufficiently dependents are located, should be inves· broad to determine the size of the prob­ tigated to determine their eligibility to lem in each those services. The results MORAL REARMAMENT have been gratifying and have brought receive the allotment and also to insure Mr. DEANE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ that those dependents who are eligible, abou~ improved procedures which should serve to minimize the problem in the imous consent to address the House for receive such allotments. Therefore, it 1 minute and to revise and extend my was decided that the Army would investi· future. I wish to commend all of the services, remarks. gate all sucl:l allotments regardless of The SPEAKER. Is there objection the location of the dependents, where particularly the Army, for the initiative which they have shown in this difficult to the request of the gentleman -from such an investigation is feasible. While North Carolina? the number of allotments in these over· task. Complete fairness to the parents of service personnel and to the GoVern­ There was no objection. seas areas is small, I feel that all allot· Mr. DEANE. Mr. Speaker, I am ments should be treated in the same light ment has been the goal and it is my firm conviction that it is being achieved. pleased to associate myself with the gen­ and such investigation will give the u!ti .. tleman from California [Mr. SHEPPARD]. mate in protection to the taxpayer, as During the -past 2 weeks I have, with well as the dependent, in insuring proper ANNOUNCEMENT my wife, attended several of the ses­ payments. · Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I have sions and witnessed each of the 4 out­ The Army has also included in Project standing Moral Rearmament ideological Big a limited investigation of claims the pleasure of announcing to the House at this time that the distinguished gen­ plays. submitted for reimbursement for trans· tleman from Louisiana [Mr. BoGGS] will For several years, I have been chal­ portation of dependents. I have en· lenged by this world force of trained couraged this phase and will also en­ serve as deputy Democratic whip in the 84th Congress. men and women who have accepted the courage the Army to extend this type of challenge of Dr. Frank N.D. Buchman, a limited investigation to all other fields great Pennsylvanian, who initiated Mor­ considered sensitive in that they lend ADJOURNMENT FROM TODAY UNTIL al Rearmament, that peace is not just themselves to fraudulent or improper MONDAY NEXT an idea but people becoming different. payments. Since June 1951 our two daughters, I wish to make note that special credit Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I Cree and Carol, have been fulltime with is due to the field investigators who have ask unanimous consent that when the Moral Rearmament. They have recently undertaken this difficult task. It is most House adjourns today it adjourn to meet come back from a 7-month trip through obvious to me that the perseverance and on Monday next. Ceylon, India, Kashmir, and Pakistan good judgment which they have contin­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there with Frank Buchman and a force of 200 ually exercised has been the major factor objection to the request of the gentle· men and women from 25 countries. in the success of this somewhat large man from Massachusetts? The response was so significant that undertaking. They have performed a Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, reserving I am convinced that here lies the secret real service to the armed services and to the right to object, and I am not going of a new foreign policy for America the taxpayers. I feel that it is consid· to object, I think this might be a good that can win all nations. erable tribute to them to say that through time for the majority leader to tell us Ambassador Corea, of Ceylon, said the long difficult course of this investi.. what he has planned for next week. about that trip: gation, I have not received a single justi- Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, 2 messages will come up next week, 1 The two great events in Asia in the last . fied complaint from anyone in or out of 5 years have been the coming of independ­ Congress, based upon the manner in on Monday and 1 on Thursday. There ence to 500 million people and the coming which these investigators have conducted is no legislation that I know of next of Dr. Buchman and the force of Moral Re­ themselves. week, and I so state to the House, except armament. any matters that might be of an emer­ As a fundamental matter, I am un­ The vice chancellor of Madras Uni­ shaken in my conviction that most gency nature noncontroversial, or which will pass by unanimous consent. Of versity in India said about his 23,000 Americans are honest. As a matter of students: fact, while there have most certainly course, the Members know that any leg­ been willfully fraudulent dependency islation that passes by unanimous con­ Before you came all my students talked claims submitted, relatively few of the sent-and I say this for the benefit of about was communism. Now all they talk claims investigated and rejected by the the new Members particularly-is very about is Moral Rearmament. Army have been fraudulent. The rea­ carefully screened by the leadership on Prime Minister Mohammed Ali, of son for many of these rejections may be both sides. Pakistan, recently said here in America: traced to the fact that the serviceman On Monday next I shall ask unanimous Military and economic aid alone will not and his family did net fully understand consent that a resolution that passed the stop communism in Asia. What we need is the dependency requirements of the law Senate in relation to the Hoover Com­ Moral Rearmament. or to some few instances where the de­ mission enabling former Senator Fer­ pendency was just under the more than guson to continue as a member to be Sixty Japanese leaders on their way one-half support. requirement. Never­ brought up. back to Japan from a Moral Rearma­ theless, the evidence developed to date At this time I see nothing in the way ment assembly said: demands that the Army continue their of legislation and the Members may gov­ If the West becomes expert in the prac­ investigations. Those who are qualified ern themselves accordingly except those tice and philosophy of Moral Rearmament, to receive dependency allotments and matters that will be passed by unani­ all Asia will listen. other benefits have no cause to worry, mous ·consent. That I believe is the key to holdi:pg but those who are in doubt had better The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Asia and Africa and eventually winning make sure. The relatively small mi- objection to the request of the gentle.. China. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 285 Mr. Speaker, as we enter this crucial stated that legislation enacted by us California [Mr. SHEPPARD] in regard to session of the Congress, I propose that would not endure unless it was grounded the Moral Rearmament plays. I have at­ we accept Moral Rearmament as our na· in moral and spiritual foundations. The tended some of them and cannot speak tiona! policy. No problem we face will be reason I reminded you I was a Member too highly of their appeal from a domes· too great that will not yield to the ap­ again of your own House On-American tic standpoint nor their impact as ad· plication of the ideas and absolute moral Activities Committee, which deals with vocating an ideology capable of winning standards of Moral Rearmament. the problem of investigating subver­ converts from communism. Mr. BENNET!' of Florida. Mr. sive activities and propaganda of the Speaker, I wish to say that I know of no Communist conspiracy, or any other group in the world who have done more subversive groups, is that the other COTTON ACREAGE ALLOTMENT than Moral Rearmament to spark the night when I heard these former Mr. THOMPSON of Texas. Mr. spiritual progress of this age. Their leading ·European Communists give Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to work for freedom under God's guidance testimony of the dynamic power in address the House for 1 minute and to is the heart of the answer to the prob­ their own experience of Moral Rearma· revise and extend my remarks. lems which face the world today. ment principles, I again realized that The SPEAKER. Is there objection Mr. GWINN. Mr. Speaker, I ask this foundation prog:J;am of moral and to the request of the gentleman from unanimous consent to address the House spiritual values, adequately and sincerely Texas? for 1 minute and to revise and extend applied to their individual and world There was no objection. my remarks. problems could and would destroy the Mr. THOMPSON of Texas. Mr. The SPEAKER. Is there objection false propanganda and program of the Speaker, I have today introduced House to the request of the gentleman from Communist totalitarian conspiracy. Joint Resolution 116, which provides: New York? I wish to commend the gentleman That notwithstanding any other provision There was no objection. from California [Mr. SHEPPARD], and the of the law within 15 days after enactment of Mr. GWINN. Mr. Speaker, I should gentleman from Horth Carolina [Mr. this joint resolution, the Secretary of Agri­ like to call the Members' attention to DEANE] on their remarks, and I wish to culture shall estimate for each State receiv­ a play which is being given tomorrow associate myself with any of the gentle· ing a State acreage allotment for the 1955 men of this body who make remarks in crop of cotton the number of acres of such night by the Moral Rearmament group allotment which, on the basis of previous called The Man With the Key. I, with approval of this great program. experience, will probably not be planted to other Members, have been attending cotton in 1955 and shall apportion to each some of the other plays that have been A NEW APPROACH TO EQUAL PAY such State an additional allotment for 1955 given in Washington in the last week. equivalent to the underplanting so esti­ I am not a member of the group, but I Mrs. FRANCES P. BOLTON. Mr. mated. The additional acreage required for such apportionment shall be in addition to am tremendously impressed with these Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad· the national acreage allotment and the pro­ troupes of actors and actresses, one of dress the House for 1 minute and to duction from such acreage shall be in addi­ 26 groups now appearing around the revise and extend my remarks. tion to the national marketing quota. world, to emphasize the moral approach The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Such additional State acreage allotments to the settlement of our world problems. the request of the gentlewoman from shall be apportioned to counties within the We have tried military force. It does not Ohio? respective States for the purpose of correct­ seem to work as we expect it to work. There was no objection. ing inequities and preventing hardships especially on family operated farms where Let us try Moral Rearmament. Mrs. FRANCES P. BOLTON. Mr. the 1955 cotton allotment heretofore deter­ - Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan· Speaker, I am introducing today a new mined has resulted in a reduction in cot­ imous consent to address the House for bill dealing with the wage differentials ton acreage on such farm below that re­ 1 minute and to revise and extend my between men and women. On the quired for an economic farming unit. remarks. strength of the findings I have made as well as studies going well over a year I believe this resolution, if properly The SPEAKER. Is there objection administered, will provide sufficient to the request of the gentleman from and a half, I am taking an entirely new approach to it. My own studies have acreage to ease the worst of our hardship California? cases. It places on the State and coun· There was no objection. developed that there is all too little authoritative data on the whole sub· ty ASC committees the responsibility for Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I wish to increased allotments on the basis of in­ associate myself with those speaking ject. Obviously, without facts we can· not legislate fairly or intelligently. My dividual merit. It does not increase the about the work of the Moral Rearmament acreage in counties that have not been group. I have attended some of theses­ new bill would authorize the Secretary of Labor to make a study of the wage dif­ adversely affected. sions this year and in previous years. I In presenting this resolution to the call attention to the fact that I am a ferentials now existing. We need to Congress I have stressed that the condi· member of your own House Committee know the possible effect on wage scales. tions in much of my district are ex· on On-American Activities, and I wish We need to know the psychological ef­ tremely serious and if permitted to con. to say that the testimony of the former fect of the discrimination that now tinue could result in a growing depres· Communist leaders from England, exists. We need to know how effective sion. Conditions are uncomfortably France, Germany, Italy, and so forth, State legislation has been in dealing with similar to those which led to the great which I heard the other night at the the problem. We neetl to know depression of 1929. The stock market Shoreham Hotel was, in fact, a revelation many such things. You will probably is high and industry is booming, but to me. I had the privilege of speaking be interested to know that at no point farmers are facing disaster. We can­ with Mr. McGovern of the British House do I find that people do not want equal not afford to take any further chances. of Commons, and he gave me of his ex· pay. They all want it; they are all in My resolution will correct the present perience. Some I heard speaking out of favor of it. The problem is how it might situation, but it still remains for us to their own mouths the other night on the be brought about. find a permanent method of acreage public platform and giving due credit to allotment by which a small farmer will the Moral Rearmament policy and pro· MORAL REARMAMENT CONFERENCE not be cut below the minimum required gram for their leaving the Communist for an economic farming unit. This totalitarian conspiracy, made it crystal Mr. YOUNGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask should be permanent legislation rather clear that the Communist, atheistic pro­ unanimous consent to address the House than a temporary expedient, and I ex· gram was whipped to a standstill in their for 1 minute and to revise and extend pect to introduce it as soon as this emer­ own lives and experience by the super· my remarks. gency resolution has been disposed of. program of Moral Rearmament which The SPEAKER. Is there. objection places the Fatherhood of God as para­ to the request of the gentleman from mount and love of fellowmen and abso­ California? MORAL REARMAMENT CONFERENCE lute honesty, purity, and righteousness There was no objection. Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask supreme in command. Early in the 79th Mr. YOUNGER. Mr. Speaker, I want unanimous consent to address the House Congress, on the floor of this House, dur· to join my colleagues in endorsing the for 1 minute and to revise and extend my ing my first term. I extemporaneously plan of our colleague the gentleman from remarks. 286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 13 The SPEAKER. Is there ebjection the splendid cooperation exhibited be- . fabriken Bayer Co., of Leverkusen, Ger­ to the request of the gentleman from tween industry, other organizations and many; Imperial College, London, and the Iowa? the saline-water-conversion program. National Chemical Research Laboratory, There was no objection. One of the firms in my district, the of the Union of South Africa, all of Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I desire to Griscom-Russell Co., of Massillon, Ohio, which have cooperated in supplying in­ join with my colleagues who have spoken has been serving the Department formation on their research. in behalf of the Moral Rearmament in a consulting capacity. Supporting Other processes under development in­ Conference. It was my pleasure and evidence of such cooperation as this, volve an ion transfer membrane demin­ privilege to attend. I saw people from progress made during the past year, and eralizer which is undergoing field tests many nations of the world who have the excellent work that is being done, in Arizona and South Dakota; various come here with but one purpose in mind may be found in the third annual re­ aspects of the vapor compressor distilla­ and that is to help in God's good work port recently released by the Secretary tion process some of which will reach all over the world in the hope that finally of the Interior. field testing stage next year; solar dis­ every nation on earth will join under the Much of the initial research on proc­ tillation makes use of the sun's energy; flag of God to bring peace and good will · ess development consisted of small-scale and the use of such processes as osmosis, among men everywhere. laboratory work. When certain proc­ solvent extraction, separation by freez­ I want to compliment them for their esses developed in the laboratory show ing and ultrasonics. good work, and I wish them Godspeed in sufficient promise, field tests became nee.;. Increased attention is being focused on all their doings. essary in order to determine feasibility the potential use of demineralized water on a large-scale basis. Such tests, on for industrial purposes and a survey of a pilot-plant scale, are a necessary part such uses is being initiated. INCREASING OUR WATER SUPPLIES of any process development and are The program is wen conceived. To Mr. COON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ much more costly than the original re­ permit continuity, and the attainment of imous consent that the gentleman from search. its goals, extension of time and a slight­ Ohio [Mr. Bow] may extend his remarks The difference between present costs ly increased budget are needed, and a at this point in the RECORD. of converting sea water and the pro­ small amount of research in existing The SPEAKER. Is there objection gram objective costs is still large. The Federal laboratories is needed for con­ to the request of the gentleman from work completed to date, however, indi­ firming results. This is the purpose of Oregon? cates that attainment of the first goal the measure I have introduced today. I There was no objection. of winning fresh water from sea water trust that it may have early and favor­ Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ at a price which municipal users and able consideration by the Committee on ducing today a measure to continue and some industries might afford, and the Interior and Insular Affairs: strengthen the important studies now in conversion of brackish water to irriga­ progress on the conversion of saline tion uses, seems to be in sight. The need waters as a means of increasing our to reduce the cost still further ·points MRA AND SPffiiTUALIZED water suppliesr out the fact that nonconventional low­ INDIVIDUALISM Due to our growing populations, ex­ cost energy such as solar energy must panding industry, agriculture, and new be explored in connection with process Mr. SIEMINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask technology, the demand for ever­ development and use. unanimous consent to address the House increasing quantities of fresh water has In briefly summarizing the work of for 1 minute and to revise and extend grown tremendously. This expansion is the program for 1954, I would like to my remarks. causing our water resources to be gradu­ mention the following typical investiga­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection ally exhausted or contaminated, or both. tions. to the request of the gentleman from In many instances, such as my State of Of several methods showing promise. New Jersey? Ohio, existing water supplies have been the critical pressure process is of inter­ There was no objection. supplemented by new wells, which tend est. Essentially this process of extract­ Mr. SIEMINSKr: Mr. Speaker, some to lower the water table in certain areas. ing fresh water from sea water is similar say there is nothing new to Moral Re­ In other places new reservoirs have had to the evaporation process. However, armament. Like prose, man has been to be constructed and water transported since the conversion is accomplished at using it on and off all his life. It is com­ over ever-greater distances. or near the critical state of water the monsense. A new attack on this problem was initi­ net energy requirements for the process Others say that MRA can harmonize­ ated by the Congress when it enacted are quite small. the innerman with the outer, that it Public Law 448, with which I took an At one time this process was investi­ can attune man on the offbeat with. active part. Under· the act, processes gated by the Swedish scientists Baltzar man on the downbeat. It can do the are being developed for the removal of von Platen, A. G. Olander, and Halvard same for citizens, communities, and dissolved salts, both from the inexhausti­ Liander. In a mission of foreign aid in continents, the one with the other. ble water of the oceans and from brack­ reverse, in which the United States bene­ Thus, MRA is a catalyzer. It fuses ish inland water, which is becoming in­ fited considerably, the director of the harmony by consent and example, not creasingly saline to a point where, in saline water-conversion program and by fiat, force or extermination. many cases, it cannot be safely used. two other scientists visited these men in Like the suri and the moon, the stars. The objective of the saline-water con­ Stockholm, Sweden, during 1954. and the sky, some say that moral prin­ version program is to develop economi­ On the basis of their findings a new ciples have always been with us. Suc­ cally feasible processes for producing research and development contract cessful navigators use them. Shoals from sea water, or from other saline amounting to some $70,000 has been ne­ await those who discount them. Love, waters, water of a quality suitable for gotiated for development of the process. purity, honesty, and unselfishness har­ agriculture, industrial, municipal, and Nuclear Development Associates, of monize man. Their opposites tear other beneficial consumptive uses. The· White Plains, N. Y., assisted by the asunder and destroy. The degree of di­ Department of the Interior accomplishes Griscom-Russell Co., of Massillon, is vision in the world is in proportion to this program by conducting scientific re­ conducting this research and develop­ the hatred, impurity, dishonesty, and search and development by means of ment work. greed that is in the world. · federally financed grants and contracts Other firms and organizations which Moral Rearmament, it appears, holds and stimulating the interest of private are engaged in research or development that man can, with God's guidance, and public organizations and individuals. of similar processes or membranes· are chart a course of -conduct for himself, in the problem. Rohm .& Haas Co.; Permutit Co., of the with men, nations, and continents that By amendments which I introduced in United States; and Permutit, Ltd., of will allow each to live in'confidence while 1952, the act provides that most of the England; Gulf Research and Develop­ awaiting the disclosure of His next mys­ research and development be carried out ment, of Pittsburgh; · Netherlands Cen­ tery. Love, honesty, purity, and unsel­ by private industrial and scientific or­ tral Technical Institute; British Na­ fishness are the absolutes by which men ganizations. It is gratifying to learn of tional Physical Laboratory; Farben- can thus move. · 1955. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 287 The above is what I have discerned to address the House again on the rules Mr. MORGAN. I thank the former about Moral Rearmament since I came of conduct which govern us toward our Speaker for those remarks. in contact with it a few years ago here colleagues and in our legislative duties Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, in Washington while serving in the on this :floor. will the gentleman yield? Congress. Mr. Speaker, I wish it well. Mr. MORGAN. I yield. Listed now is a card I found on a Mr. REED of New York. I had the chair the other evening at the Shoreham THE LATE DR. HENRY WILSON honor and privilege of serving with Dr. Hotel where I saw one of Peter Howard's TEMPLE Henry Temple. I think he was one of the :finest men I ever knew. He had the . MRA plays called We Are Tomorrow. The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes The card tells a story: the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. con:fidence of both sides of the House. You are cordially invited to performances Whenever he spoke here he received un­ MoRGANL divided attention. of Peter Howard's stage plays. Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, it is my We Are Tomorrow, Tuesday, January 11- Mr. MORGAN. I thank the gentle­ 0ur decisions of today and the world they sad duty to announce to the House the man from New York. will build. passing of Dr. Henry Wilson Temple, a Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. The Dictator's Slippers, Wednesday, Janu­ former Member of the House, at his Speaker, will the gentleman yield? ary 12, behind the scenes behind the Iron home in Washington, Pa., on January Mr. MORGAN. I yield. Curtain. 11, 1955. Dr. Temple had been ill for Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. The The Real News, Thursday, January 13-The several months and was in his 91st year. struggle for power in a newspaper office. late Mr. Rogers and I for many years had The Man With the Key, Friday, January He was a retired minister, Congress­ the privilege of knowing Dr. Temple and 14--Inside drama of a modern international . man, and college professor. He was his wife. My husband served on the conference. born March 31, 1864, at Belle Centre, Foreign Affairs Committee with him. Presented in connection with the World Ohio, and was the son of John B. and Later I had the same privilege. No :finer Assembly for Moral Re-Armament each eve­ Martha Jameson Temple. He attended Member of Congress ever came to this ning at 8:30, Shoreham Hotel, main ball­ the public schools in his hometown and body. Dr. Temple possessed a vast room. then entered Geneva College, from which knowledge of internati'onal affairs and For reserved seats, without charge: Moral he graduated in 1883 at the age of 19. Rearmament, Shoreham Hotel, Adams 4-0700. parliamentary · procedure. Able and He entered Allegheny Theological Semi­ brilliant, he added a very great deal to "I wish every Member of the House and nary in Pittsburgh and graduated in Senate would see that play. ll:t is a most in­ the running of our Department of State spiring production." (Senator CASE of south 1887. Four years later he accepted a and our Foreign Service. His wisdom Dakota, speaking of one of the MRA plays on call to the First United Presbyterian and wise counsel were invaluable to the the Senate fioor, January 5, when 400 dele­ Church in Washington, Pa. Congress and the Nation. gates to the MRA World Assembly were wel­ In 1898 Dr. Temple was elected profes­ Mr. MORGAN. I thank the gentle­ comed by Senators GEORGE, WILEY, SMITH Of sor of political science at Washington woman from Massachusetts. New Jersey, CASE and WATKINS.) and Jefferson College in Washington, From the World Assembly: Pa. In 1905 he gave up his pastorate to "Moral Rearmament has the answer to the most burning questions of the day. I know devote his entire time to college work. IMPORTATION OF RESIDUAL FUEL of no stronger unifying force in the world." Dr. Temple was elected to Congress OIL (Ole Bjorn Kraft, former Foreign Minister of from the district, which I now represent, Mr. KELLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. Denmark and Chairman of NATO.) on the Bull Moose ticket in 1912. He Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ "What Abraham Lincoln did for America, served in the House of Representatives dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ Moral Rearmament is doing for Africa." for 20 years. He was a member of the (The Tolon Na, Member of Parliament; polit­ vise and extend my remarks. Foreign Affairs Committee and estab­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection ical leader of 1 ¥2 millions in the Gold Coast.) lished himself as the foremost authority "Military defense alone will never be ade­ to the request of the gentleman from quate to meet Communist aggression. What­ in Congress on international affairs. Pennsylvania? ever our economic or defense programs, we He was defeated for Congress in the There was no objection. must have this ideological backbone of Democratic landslide in 1932 and did not Mr. KELLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. MRA." (Senator Takeshi Togano, member seek public omce again. He returned to Speaker, I have introduced House Reso­ of the executive, right wing Socialist Party, his teaching at Washington and Jeffer­ lution 4, a bill for the relief of the coal Japan.) son College and taught until he retired industry by doing something about the in 1948 with the title of professor dumping of residual fuel oil on the east­ CONDUCT ON THE FLOOR OF THE emeritus. ern shores of this country. Great dam­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dr. Temple never lost his interest in age has been done to the industry in the Congress or in national and interna­ past several years. Attention has been Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Speaker, I ask tional affairs. He was known as Wash­ called to it many times by Members who unanimous consent to address the House ington's "grand old man" and was be­ come from the coal mining areas and for 1 minute and to revise and extend loved by all. who are familiar with the distress that my remarks. His passing is a distinct loss to Wash­ the dumping of this residual oil has The SPEAKER. Is there objection ington County and to the entire State caused in these coal areas. Approxi­ to the request of the gentleman from of Pennsylvania. mately 35 million tons of coal a year have Michigan? I join his many friends in extending to been displaced by this cheap oil. Ap­ There was no objection. his survivors sincere and heartfelt proximately 22,000 men have lost their Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Speaker, I wish sympathy. jobs in the coal industry as a result of it. to associate myself with the remarks Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, will the Furthermore, many mines have been made by my colleagues on both sides of gentleman yield? forced into inactivity and as a result the aisle regarding Moral Rearmament. Mr. MORGAN. I yield to the gentle­ many millions of tons of coal are lost I now wish to call the attention of man from Massachusetts. because you cannot go back into the coal the House to another subject. Twice Mr. MARTIN. I join with the gentle­ mines after years of idleness and resume during the last 22 years, through the man from Pennsylvania in expressing my the operation of the mines without a graciousness of the Speaker and the regret at the death of Dr. Temple. It great deal of expense. I hope that the House, I was privileged to address this was my privilege to serve with Dr. Committee on Ways and Means will offer body on the rules governing our con­ Temple for a number of years on the some relief to this great industry which duct on this :floor. Jt has been 8 years Committee on Foreign Affairs. He was is basic to our national economy, and since such remarks were made the. last a great scholar, a student of foreign af­ which it is necessary to preserve so that time. During that time more than a fairs, and a man o! outstanding ability. this industry will be in a position to majority of the House are new Members. With all his ability, he was a kindly man, share in the defense of our country if We all make mistakes on this :floor. considerate of others, and one who was the time should ever come. Therefore, I propose in the very near a great honor to the House. His death The SPEAKER pro tempore. The future when opportunity presents itself will be regretted by all who knew him. time of the gentleman has expired. 288 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE January 13- SPECIAL ORDERS. GRANTE;P. · : torlans-, these documents will· be appro- , · It is my hope, therefore, that both parties priately cross-referenced in the index. · ) w)ll agree to submit the remaining issues Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey asked· to arbitration, and I am _happy ~Q offer the 31nd was given permission address the STATE or Wrsc_oNsiN, facilities of the Wisconsin Employment Re- to ExECUTIVE OFFICE, 1 ti B · 1 th 1 House for 30 minutes on Thursday, Jan Madison, July 8,- 1954. - J a ons oard n e se ection of a qualified, uary 20, following the -legislative ·pre­ impartial arbitrator. KOHLER Co., - In consideration of this request both the gram of · the day and the conclusion of_ Kohler, Wis. , company and the union should bear in mind special orders heretofore entered. (Attention~ Mr. Herbert V. Kohler, that refusal to submit the issues to arbitra­ Mr. O'HARA of Illinois asked and was · president.) tion undoubtedly would be interpreted by given permission to address the House KoHLEB LOCAL 833, UAW-CIO, the' public as indicative of a lack of desire ­ Sheboygan, Wis. to see the strike at an end, and a· lack of for 1 hour on February 15, following the (Attention: Mr. Allen W. Grasskamp, legislative program of the day and the confidence· in the merits of its case by the . presiqent.) party which declined. conclusion of special orders heretofore · GENTLEMEN: Throughout the current dis­ - I shall look forward to an early response entered. pute between Kohler Co. and Local No. 833, · to this request. UAW-CIO, l have hoped that the issue would ·with good wishes. be speedily resolved. Recently, however, I ·sincerely yours, THE KOHLER STRIKE-SOME ADDI-·. have become increasingly concerned at the WALTER J. KOHLER', Governor. TIONAL FACI'S lack of progress in negotiations. As you know, I have no financial interest (Copy to Harv~y Kitzman, director, region Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker,. I ask­ in or other connection with Kohler Co. How­ 10, UAW-CIO, Milwaukee, Wis.) unanimous consent to address the House ever, as a. life-long resident of Sheboygan for 1 minute, to revise and extend my. County I have a deep interest in the welfare­ . [_From the Sheboygan Press of July 10, 1954] · remarks, and to include some corre­ of that community. MERIT IN GoVERNOR'S PLAN Moreover, as governor, I would be negli· spondence. gent if I were indifferent to the serious eco­ Governor Kohler, in his capacity as chief The SPEAKER. Is there objection nomic consequences to Wisconsin arising executive of the State and a lifelong resi­ to the request of the gentleman ~rom from a. prolonged controversy such as that dent of Sheboygan County, was acting in the Wisconsin? - · existing at Kohler. intere~ts of t;t>.e . people of Wis~onsin in his There was no objection. . Obviously, these consequences are stagger­ efforts to break the stalemate resulting from _ ing. The losses entailed by the company, _ the suspension of negotiations in the Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, on the employees, the community, and the State· Kohler strike. · January 10, 1955, the gentleman from can never be regained. It should be the de­ - As he said in his letter. proposing arbitra­ Michigan [Mr. HoFFMAN] read into the sire of all parties, and certainly would serve tion of the strike, he would be negligent if RECORD an article which appeared in the the interests of all parties, if the questions: he were indifferent to the serious economic recent issue of the UAW-CIO News, to- ~ at issue . were ·promptly resolved and the' ~onsequences arising from the controversy, gether with three pieces of correspond­ strike ended. now at the end of the 14th week. The con­ ence which were furnished to him and It had been my hope that these issues' sequences include the loss of income to the to other Members of Congress by Mr. might be resolved before now at the bargain­ company, the men on strike, nonstriking em-· ing table. It became obvious last week,­ Herbert V. - Kohler, president of the ployee.s who have not returned to work, ai).d however, in conferences with representatives· the State of Wisconsin. The State's loss is in Kohler Co., Kohler, Wis. The insertions: of the company and the union, that broaa t:egard to· tax revenue that would normally­ appear on pages 209-211 of the RECORD, areas of disagreement still exist on many of come from both the company and the work­ and they deal with the · prolonged. and the principal issues. Negotiations appear to ers. There is further loss to suppliers of unfortunate labor-management dispute have reached an impasse, and little prospect the com,pany and to merchants and other at the Kohler plant. exists that these disagreements can be speed-· businesses with whom the employees nor- ily resolved through collective-bargaining mally trade. . . ' . · I wish to take this opportunity to set procedures. the RECORD.. straight by calling attention · Governor Kohler, therefore, should be It would appear, therefore, tha-t unless, c'ommei}.ded f~r his effort~. ·even though the· to the fact that the Kohler Co., appears new methods are applied in the dispute, this Kohler Co., has rejected the proposal. Noth­ to have imposed on the credulity of the. prolonged strike will continue until a con-· ihg is accomplished by not trying. gentleman from Michigan [Mr. HoFF­ tract is imposed upon one side or the other ' This brings up the question of, "Where do MAN l and other Members. of Congress by through the sheer force of economic pres-· -yre go from here?" · sure. Such a. contract is apt to be a bad!. sending us an incomplete and therefore We believe the logical move would be the Somewhat distorted picture of the Kohler contract under which one s.ide or the other· would be restive and dissatisfied and would; resumption of-negotia.tions 'by the c~pany , strike. Missing from the collection of be good neither for the company nor for. and union. :Tile Kohler Co., broke off nego­ docwnents which my colleague from the union. - - tio:~.tions on June 29 because of "violence." Michigan, I, and preswnably other Mem­ This fact, coupled with the serious eco­ There have been ·numerous- such instances. bers of Congre·ss received from the presi-. nomic consequences of a prolonged dispute, At the same time, we believe the company dent of the Kohler Co. is an informative impels me to propose that the remaining is­ could accept at face value the union offi­ sues in the dispute be submitted to arbi­ elals' repudiation of the .use oi violence. tn and vital statement' made on July 8, 1954. a prolonged controversy, involving a great by the Governor of Wisconsin, Hon. tration and t~at . each party agree to accept · the findings of an impartial arbitrator. number of persons, it is almost inevitable Walter J. Kohler, Jr. Arbitration, while. not the usual procedure' that there would be ''incidents." We are ' Governor Kohler is the nephew of Mr. in contract negotiation, nevertheless would convinced that responsible union officials· Herbert V. Kohler, president of the be by no means unique. Similar action in have sought to prevent these occurrences. Kohler Co. · Two months after the strike other extended disputes has produced aml­ There may be some among the membership pegan, the Governor proposed that. the eable settlement· of differences between labor who have done otherwise, but such persons are defeating their owli purposes. We must ~nd management, and I l:!ee _no reason why company and the union settle their dif ~ c;oncede, . at· least, that the leaders of the ferences by arbitration. This sugges­ that should not be the case in this instance. There is, certainly, great virtue 'in submit­ union recognize that any resort to violence tion was welcomed by many people in ting the respective merits of the dispute tq would have an adverse effect on the union Wisconsin, was editorially endorsed by an impartial arbitrator detached from the as far as the public is concerned. the Sheboygan Press-published in the heat and bitt.erness en-gendered in conflicts We appeal to any person, no matter what county in which the Kohler plant is lo­ such as this. Charges ·and countercharges; his views may be in regard to the merits of cated-and was accepted by the union~ recriminations and · counterrecriminations, the stand taken by either side, to refrain It was summarily rejected by the com­ breed emotional attitudes which are not con­ from any action, including word of mouth, pany, in a letter included in the collec­ ducive to composed and objective analysis; that would tend to·promote violence of any and ·the merit·s or demerits of the original kind. Let everyone be honest and sincere tion which the gentleman from Michi­ points at issue are lost. Submission of the about it. gan, acting, I am certain, in all goocl issues to an impartial arbitrator can restore · While we regret tJ:lat the Kohler Co. did faith, inserted in the RECORD. dispassionate consideration of the funda· not see fit to support the arbitration pro­ In the belief that the member~hip of mentals originally involved. posal, it must be conceded that there is this body ought to have the benefit of . I need not tell you how disturbed I am over merit to the argument advanced in opposi­ _both sides Qf the picture, I wish at this the severe personal hardship being endured tion to it. We refer especially to their state­ point to read into the RECORD the lettel" )>y those who are unemployed because of this ment "we will not grant to anyone having no dispute. Extension of the conflict is good experience with the business and no respon~ of Governor Kohler and the editorial tor neither_tl'le company nor the union. It sibility for it the ultimate authority to pre­ from the Sheboygan Press. It. is mY' is emphatical-ly not good for the community scribe such vital elements of cost as wages, hope that, for the convenience of his- nor for the State. working schedules, fringe benefits, etc." 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 289 We can agree with the Kohler Co. that to CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, page 209, on accept in advance the results of arbitration and any special orders heretofore en­ concerning the union shop and wages Monday last. I did not have the state­ tered, on the subject of placing civil amounts to an abdication of the responsi- . ment of the Governor of Wisconsin at rights in their proper perspective. bility naturally inherent in management. that time. If I had, I certainly would But, we have reason to believe that these are have included it. not the paramount issues in this controversy If I am correct, and the gentleman SWEARING IN OF MEMBER and when there is disagreement between can correct me if I am wrong, the propo­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ the parties as to the effect of certain other sition from the Governor of Wisconsin imous consent that the gentleman from ­ proposals, we see no harm in submitting to was that the company arbitrate its dif­ impartial minds the final determination of Florida, Mr. PAUL G. ROGERS, be per­ whether the company or the union's think­ fe :~:ences with the union. mitted to take the oath of office today. ing is correct in the matter. We refer espe­ ' Mr. ZABLOCKI. That is right. He was elected to succeed his illustrious cially to such fringe benefits under discus­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I do not and distinguished father, the late Hon­ sion as hospitalization insurance where the subscribe to the C.octrine that there orable Dwight L. R~gers. The certificate company contends that the union's proposals . should be compulsory arbitration of so­ of election has not arrived, but there would be less beneficial to the employees called labor disputes. I never have and is no contest, and no question has been than its own program. The matter of pen­ I do not expect that I will ever agree. raised with regard to his election. sions is an er subject that has received pretty general approval in industry through- , to the doctrine that those who disagree The SPEAKER. Is there objection tG out the country. There are literally hun-: as to the terms or conditions of employ­ the request of the gentleman from dreds of plants that have established pen­ ment should be forced to submit to com­ Florida? sion plans. No doubt they are all different; pulsory arbitration by a third person or There was no objection. but again, there are experts in this field; group not financially interested in the Mr. ROGERS of Florida presented. there is a broad field of national experience result, not in any way responsible for the himself at the bar of the House and took in varied industries that can be drawn from execution of an award which may be the oath of office. to determine whether or not the pension made. I cannot subscribe to a policy plan in force at the Kohler Co. is fair. The serious fact of the matter is that the w:bich decrees that if you and I are car­ negotiation machinery has stopped at dead . rying on a business transaction we should · THE LATE HONORABLE ROBERT L. center, and for the welfare of both sides to be forced to call in a third party to fix . DOUGHTON the controversy as well as to the entire co~­ the terms of that business deal. I just Mr. AL!p{ANDER. Mr. Speaker, I ask munity, something must be done to get the do not go along with that, because if you unanimous consent to address the House machinery in operation again, even if certain are one party, then you or the other and to revise and extend my remarks. items are eliminated from the arbitration individual who is interested will be de­ program. The SPEAKER. Is there objection prived of an opportunity to operate his. to the request of the gentleman from There is no question here of winning a own business, or to seek his own em­ strike. Nobody has ever won in a strike North Carolina? that has gone on for 14 weeks. Nobody is ployment on whatever terms he may There was no objection. going to win this strike. We are all losers. wish. No. I cannot go along with that Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, it is· compulsory arbitration idea. Let some­ There remains only the question of settling. with profound regret tha~ I announce the controversy that brought about the strike, body who has no responsil;>i~ity, no finan­ the death of the Honorable Robert L. and we want to emphasize that it is our be­ cial interest, run my business? . No; and. lief that it cannot be settled on a basis of Daughton, a former Member of this body neither would you. · from the Ninth Congressional District of unconditional surrender by either side. The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ There is going to have to be some give and. North Carolina, whom I succeeded upon take and we do not accept either side's state­ tleman from Michigan has expired. his retirement from Congress in 1952. ment to the effect that offers already made Mr. Daughton was apparently in good are the last word. MORAL REARMAMENT MOVEMENT health on the evening of September 30, We do not believe that the governor's pro­ 1954, but passed away sometime during posal should be dropped simply because there Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ that night. are unacceptable features in it to one side imous consent to address the House for My distinguished predecessor, Mr. or the other. We believe there should be 1 minute and to revise and extend my meetings for the purpose of discussing the· Daughton, was a man who held the con­ proposal with a view of bringing it to a point. remarks. fidence and respect of his people. Be.. where it is acceptable to both sides. The SPEAKER. Is there objection fore coming to Congress in 1.911 he held Certainly it would be helpful at this stage to the request of the gentleman from many positions of trust in the State of to have some fresh thinking on the subject Pennsylvania? North Carolina. He was a farmer, and we are certain that the controversy is of · There was no objection. banker, member of the Board of Agricul.. such importance that the help of the best Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I would like ture of North Carolina, member of the minds in the Nation could be enlisted. to say that several years ago I joined Arbitration, even though iimited to certain· State senate and served as director of with my distinguished colleague from thE: state's prison. He was elected to the fields would at least break the stalemate~ [Mr. Such a development would proyide new hope Georgia PRESTON] and my distin­ United States House of Representatives that a reasonable settlement can be reached: guished colleague from Michigan [Mr.' 21 times and served in this body with Governor Kohler asserted in his letter that DoNDERO] on a trip to Caux, Switzerland, distinction for 42 years, and at the time ••extension of the conflict is good for neither MRA headquarters, representing this of his retirement in 1952 was Dean of the the company nor the union." He added that body, and great were the things we House of Representatives. He was it is not good for the community nor for the learned there. Those people believe in State. Let's agree with those assertions and elected chairman of the Committee on God. They have the answer to commu­ Ways and Means in 1932-the 73d Con.. get back to the business of negotiating a. nism. As a Catholic, I wish to point out settlement. gress-and, with the exception of the as well, that this is a nonsectarian 80th Congress, served in this capacity movement, and in no way trespasses until his retirement, having the distinc .. THE KOHLER STRIKE upon the beliefs or the teachings of any tion of being chairman of this great com­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr.· organized religion. mittee longer than any other man in the Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ The SPEAKER. The time of the history of our Government. He also dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ gentleman from Pennsylvania has ex­ served in the Congress as alternating vise and extend my remarks. pired. chairman of the Joint Committee on In­ The SPEAKER. ·Is there objection to ternal Revenue Taxation and also as vice the request of the gentleman from SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED chairman of the Joint Committee on Re .. Michigan? Mr. HARRIS asked and was given per.. duction of Nonessential Federal Expend .. There was no objection. mission to address the House today for itures. Mr. HOFFMAN of ·Michigan. Mr. 10 minutes, following any other special Mr. Daughton was a man beloved and Speaker, now I am extremely grateful orders heretofore entered. held in the highest esteem by his col.. to the gentleman who just left the :floor . Mr. POWELL asked and was given leagues and all those who knew him. [Mr. ZABLOCKI] for adding the state­ permiss1on to address the House o~ He was a man of sound judgment, home.. ment of the Governor of Wisconsin to Thursday next for 30 minutes, follow .. spun humor and wit, and impeccable in.. what I said and which appeared in the ing the leg.islative· business of the day tegrity, with a devout sense of loyalty to CI--19 290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 13 his friends and his duty. His district, the He inherited from his parents a strong Mr. ALEXANDER. I yield to the dis­ State of North Carolina, and the Nation sense of patriotic duty and abiding love for tinguished gentleman from Tennessee. this country of ours. It was this, rather sustained an irreplaceable loss in the than any sel:t-seeking after personal glory, Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, I could passing of this great statesman. so noticeable in many public officeholders, not fail to embrace this opportunity to To his children I extend my sincere which sent him back to Washington :·ear raise my voice in brief but very sincere and heartfelt sympathy. after year to serve his district, State, and tribute to the life, character, and public It has been aptly said, "They did not Nation. It was indeed fortunate that he service of my warm close friend, the dis­ bury Farmer Bob Daughton; they just inherited a capacity for good health and the tinguished gentleman from North Caro· think they did. He just moved on to good sense to take care of it, that he might lina, the late Honorable Robert L. better serve the people he loved. Typical of Daughton. He was a man who pos­ large:;.· and greener pastures." May God the family's long life and unceasing interest rest his soul and prepare a special place in public affairs was the fact that his moth­ sessed the highest attributes of Chris­ for him in that great mansion on high­ er, Mrs. Rebecca Doughten, went to the pons tian character and all of the sterling that place not made with hands, eternal to vote for her famous son when she was 92 qualities of manhood, a man of great in the heavens. years old, in spite of inclement weather. ability, a man of unimpeachable honesty The following tribute to Mr. Dough­ He was a close personal friend of Presi­ and integrity, and a man devoted to the dent Roosevelt, but did not hesitate to tell public service. ton in an editorial of his hometown pa­ even him when he thought he was wrong on per, the Alleghany News, Sparta, N. C., Members who served betw en the 71st tax matters. He had the courage of his con­ and the beginning of the 83d Congress expresses the high esteem, respect and victions, based on knowledge and years of affection of his people: experience. There was no foolishness about will recall that it was my privilege to Much of the majesty and strength of the this man who was possessed with a serious­ work shoulder to shoulder with him for Blue Ridge Mountains, where he was born ness of purpose; but he also had a keen sense many years as members of the Ways and finally came home to rest, have often of humor. When there were demands from and Means Committee. It was my priv­ been reflected in the long and useful life some officials that taxes be increased among ilege to try to be of such assistance as I of Robert Lee Daughton. Because he m-ade certain groups, he aptly remarked that a could within the limits of my capacity it possible for millions to share his love for sheep might be sheared many times, but only to help him carry the very arduous the scenic beauty and peacefulness of these skinned once. duties that he bore so nobly throughout mountains, through the Blue Ridge Parkway, He was a man of deep religious convictions the years as chairman of this great this will loom high among the monuments and made every effort to serve his fellow men erected to this great man. In. the years to the best of his ability at all times. There committee. ahead when travelers pause at Doughten was no pettiness in his life, and at the end As has been stated by his distinguished Park to gaze in wonder at the scenery and of his long career of public service he re· successor, the gentleman from North find the likeness of this leader on a bronze marked that if he had one enemy, he did Carolina [Mr. ALEXANDER], Mr. Dough­ plaque, may they be inspired to render serv. not know it. ton served in this body with great credit ice like this man. He was a kindly man and busy as he was and distinction for 42 years. He served The son of a 9ivll War captain, Robert L. with big problems confronting the Nation, as chairman of the Committee on Ways Doughten was born November 7, 1863 when he aiways took time to help any individual who came to him for aid if he could possibly and Means longer than any other man people of this section and throughout the in the history of this country. I believe Southland knew poverty and hardship. But do so. It was this untiring, helpful attitude these conditions served to ·develop his initia­ which won for him so many friends and that by scanning the pages of the his­ tive, strength of character and love for hard supporters. tory of this Nation during the period of work, the qualities which helped to make Serving other people as he did, he was his service as chairman of the Commit· him great in the years ahead. He was a self­ always quick to show appreciation for any tee on Ways and Means it will be found educated man, but never ceased to study and service rendered him, no matter how small that he steered through this House more seek out information. Born as he was on a it was. Only a few days before his death he expressed his special appreciation to this important and far-reaching legislation farm, his first ambition was to become the than had ever been handled by any best farmer possible. In those days there paper. This was typical of his thoughtful· was more hard work and fewer opportuni· ness. His sense of fairness in dealing with chairman of that great committee. ties than todaY.; but such conditions 'served the press was outstanding. Often he has He was a man of the greatest indus­ to quicken his interest in agriculture for the telephoned this paper from Washington to try, always devoted to the discharge of remainder of his days. It was to many that be sure that the story he was releasing would his duties in a most credible manner. be was forever known as "Farmer Bob." reach this paper at the same time larger publications received it. I certainly share the feeling of all His first public service was as a member of He has been called the father of the those in the House and throughout the the State board of agriculture. He next social-security program. But this is only one country who express deep regret at his went to the State legislature; but it was in of the many vital bills he is responsible for. passing. He lived to the ripe old age 1911 he broadened his scope of public life It has been aptly said that he has been of some 90 years and his life was filled when he was elected to Congress, where he responsible for the passage of more good stayed until 1952, 41 years of continuous with outstanding service to his district, legislation than any other man in Congress his State, and his Nation. I join with service. and has helped to defeat more unwise bills. From the beginning of his career in Con­ others in conveying my sincere sym­ Back of all the legislation he sponsored, pathy to members of his family in the gress, he not only demonstrated his ability, was the conviction that the bills were sound but his understanding of large and small and right and would serve the needs of the time of their great bereavement. problems of big and little people. He showed greatest number of people. He was progres· Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, that he was a Democrat in the true sense that sive and yet had the practical commonsense will the gentleman yield? he was democratic and worked for the best to know that some one must pay the bills. Mr. ALEXANDER. I yield to the interest of all people, never being swayed With all his years of public service spent gentleman from New York. by special groups. · in Washington, he never forgot the smell It was in the eventful year of 1933 that Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, of new-mown hay and delighted in his farm we are met here today to pay tribute·to be became the chairman of the powerful at Laurel Springs. It was here amid the Ways and Means Committee, a position he peace and quietness of this beautiful coun­ a truly great American, our former col­ retained longer than any other man, until tryside, that death came to this stalwart league, Hon. Robert L. Daughton, who his retirement, except for 2 years when the statesman as he slept. He lies buried on was a Representative from the sovereign Republican Party controlled Congress. It the hillside at the Laurel Springs church and State of North Carolina. was through his leadership that many of the we will not see his like again. · It is most appropriate that we should ~mportant bills dealing, with economic recov­ On the. courthouse lawn in Sparta, a figure ery from the depression were passed. The do this. of his head looks down on the people he and I am glad that I had an opportunity financing of the war and other problems of his brother, Rufus A. Doughten, served so worldwide scope fell heavily on his commit­ well. There is his likeness again on the while. Mr. Daughton was living to join tee and his broad shoulders. Year after year bronze plaque in Doughten Park. But there with the members of the Ways and be met and solved problem after problem are many other monuments to this great Means Committee, of which Mr. Dough­ for this Nation. man, not in bronze, but on the Nation's ton was the distinguished chairman, to He was a big man in the real sense of the law books and in the hearts of thousands express to him the high esteem and deep word, both mentally and physically. Long who will tell those who come after them of affection in which he was held by his hours of work did not trouble him if he what this big-hearted man of the mountains could reach a solution to a tough problem. colleagues. accomplished through his long and purpose· It He was usually as calm as the mountains :tul life. was at a breakfast in the Speaker's from which he came, but could become dining 1·oom on August 18, 1952, just aroused if the occasion called for indigna­ Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, will the after Mr. Daughton had announced that tion. gentleman yield?. 'he would not be a candidate for re· 1955 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD- HOUSE 291 election, that our beloved then chairman above all, ever, and in all cases, to prefer Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I heard from the lips of his colleagues their interest to his own. yield to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. the love and affection they had for him. "But," Edmund Burke continued, "his un­ JENKINS]. biased opinion, his mature judgment, his As the ranking Republican member o.f enlightened conscience, he ought not to sac­ Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I wish the Ways and Means Committee it was rifice to you: to any man, or to any set of to join my colleagues in the tributes my privilege to preside over the break­ men living. These he does not derive from they have paid my distinguished friend, fast and meeting at which we presented your pleasure: no, nor from the law and the Mr. Daughton. I associated with him Mr. Doughton with a silver loving cup. Constitution. They are a trust from Provi­ nearly every day for about 20 years. I I can do no better today than to men­ dence, for the abuse of which he is deeply had, as did other members of the Ways answerable. Your representative owes you, and Means Committee, the opportunity tion those who were present at that not his industry only, but his judgment; breakfast and what r was privileged to and he betrays, instead of serving you, if he to know him intimately. I am glad to say in behalf of Mr. Doughton's won­ sacrifices it to your opinion." say that there were one or two things derful record. Now, then, it is with pleasure that on be­ in his life that left a lasting impression Those present" that morning were the half of your colleagues on the Ways and upon me, and, while I shall not take the entire membership of the Ways and Means Committee I present to you a loving time to delineate them now, I shall Means Committee: the guest of honor, eup as an expression of the affection and include them in my remarks in the Hon. Robert L. Daughton; Speaker of esteem in which you are held. May you RECORD. enjoy throughout the years to come health, I should like to say this: I shall never the House of Representatives, Hon. Sam­ happiness, and prosperity. uel Rayburn; Chief Justice Fred Vinson; forget that I saw him the last 5' minutes lion. John McCormack, majority leader; I wish at this time to conclude my re­ he was in Washington. I saw him move and Hon. Joseph Martin, minority leader. marks by quoting this short poem by away in his car, and I said to myself, Mr. Colin Starn, chief of the Joint Com­ Georgia Harkness: "Goodby, Uncle Bob; I will never see you mittee on Internal Revenue Taxation; HE DIED, SERENELY, TRIUMPHANTLY again." I never did, but I hope I may and the majority and minority clerks A giant pine, magnificent and old, in the great hereafter. of the Ways and Means Committee were Stood stanch against the sky and all around Further, by way of extension of my also present. Shed beauty, grace, and power, within its remarks, I wish to say that Mr. Daughton This is what I said on that day: fold was a r~markable man in many ways. Birds safely reared their young. The vel­ He was a man of very strong opinions We are met here to express our deep affec­ vet ground and great determination. He had his tion for our beloved chairman, who has Beneath was gentle, and the cooling shade rendered long and conspicuous public serv­ likes and dislikes, which he manifested Gave cheer to passers-by. Its towering very strongly. In this connection, I ice to his country. I wish to briefly review arms the remarkable legislative record of our dis­ A landmark stood, erect and unafraid. should like to say that the love and af­ tinguished chairman. Hon. Robert L. Dough­ As if to say, "Fear naught from life's fection that Damon and Pythias had for ton was elected a member of the Ways and alarms." each other never was as strong as the Means Committee on December 7, 1925, in It fell one day. Where it had dauntless love and affection Mr. Daughton and for­ the 69th Congress. When his party came stood mer Chief Justice Fred Vinson had for into power in 1933, he was elected chairman Was loneliness and void. But men who of the Ways and Means Committee, March each other. Fred Vinson and I served passed together several years on the Ways and 3 of that year, in the 73d Congress. His Paid tribute-said, "To know this life was tenure was interrupted during the 80th Con­ good. Means Committee, and he was one of gress. He became chairman again in Jan­ It left its mark on me. Its work stands the most capable men on tax matters uary 1949. Upon completion of his service fast. that I have ever known. He and Mr. in the House of Representatives he will have And so it lives. Such life no bonds can Daughton worked together in a most cor­ been chairman of the Ways and Means Com­ hold- dial fashion. When Mr. Vinson left the mittee a total of nearly 18 years. This won­ This giant pine, magnificant and old." derful service will have been longer as chair­ committee, their friendship continued, man of this most powerful committee than Mr. Speaker, I kept up a personal cor­ and when Mr. Vinson was appointed to any other man in the history of our country respondence with Chairman Daughton the position of Chief Justice of the has known. until just a very short time before his United States Supreme Court he and I Of 25 major tax bills enacted, 18 bear death. We were close friends. I ad­ and Mr. Daughton frequently met, and his name. He is the author of the original I ofttimes commented to them about Social Security Act of 1935, also author of mired him; I honored him, and I extend my sympathy to his many friends, some their fast friendship and loyalty to each the reciprocal-trade bill . . other. They both seemed to appreciate My colleagues, it is sometimes asked, "How of whom I have heard from very re­ do men in public life attain public influ­ cently. my comments so much because of the ence? By rank? By wealth? By office? By Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I strong character of both of them and talent? By eloquence? By ability? By yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ the strong affection they had for each intergrity of character?" lina [Mr. DEANE]. other. While Fred Vinson was :filling The author of these quotations supplies the highest position in the Government the answer in these words: "Character is Mr. DEANE. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ as the Chief Justice of the United States the invulnerable armor which will with­ ary 5, 1952, many of our colleagues arose Supreme Court, Mr. Doughton, his warm stand every assault and march triumphant on the .floor to pay a deserved tribute friend, was filling the highest place in to the highest positions of honor and trust to the late Robert L. Daughton on his the Congress from the standpoint of within the gift of the people." retirement from Congress after complet­ It is the sterling character of our distin­ legislation that provided the :finances guished chairman which has made him a ing 42 years of outstanding service to with which the Government was car­ great legislative leader. his district, State and our country. ried on. In 1932 Representative Doughten defied Bob Daughton returned to North Caro­ I shall always be proud of my close the leadership of his political party, and in lina and to the great hill country of association with these two great men and one of the most bitter legislative battles western North Carolina he loved so well. great friends. against the sales tax he won an overwhelm­ Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I ing victory by a vote of 223 against and It was not easy for Mr. Doughton 153 for. His answer to his hostile political to give up his happy associations in the yield to the gentleman from Illinois leaders reminded me of the words of Ed­ Congress, but I am satisfied he felt he [Mr. MASON]. mund Burke, the great English statesman, was making the right decision. His Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I have when chided by his colleagues for not fol­ spirit is with us today. It will remain known and admired Uncle Bob, as we lowing the sentiments of his constituents. used to call him, for 18 years. I knew "Certainly, gentlemen," he declared, "it through the years. The record of him intimately for the last 6 years. I ought to be the happiness and glory of a achievement of Uncle Bob in his State had breakfast with him many, many representative to live in the strictest union, and here in the Congress will ever stand mornings during that time. the closest correspondence, and the most un­ as a great monument to his rugged char­ In searching for one word that would reserved communication with his constit­ acter and disciplined life that will ever uents. Their wishes ought to have great truly characterize Mr. Daughton, for the weight with him: their opinion high re­ be a challenge to those of us who knew benefit of the new Members and of the spect: their business unremitted attention. him. younger Members who did not know him It is his duty to sacrifice his repose, his We all can certainly say amen and so well, I can think only of the word pleasures, his satisfactions, to theirs: and amen. Lincolnesque-like Lincoln. Bob 292 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD- HOUSE January 13 Doughton was great in body, great in was . a tax being considered which sellor upon whom I could depend. His mind, great in character, and great in "Uncle" Bob did not regard as being unfailing patience, his commonsense, his soul. He had an inexhaustible supply of fair. He felt the tax was so severe ·it frankness and fairness were attributes earthy backwoods stories to illustrate would destroy financially the group in­ none of us will ever forget. lie repr_e­ the points that he wanted to make in volved. He came up with a statement sented his district for so long that to his any speech. Also, he had an inexhaust­ that I am quite sure virtually all of you people and to the people of North Caro­ ible supply of quotations from the Bible have heard before. He said, "My lina he typified the finest and strongest which he used on many occasions. friends, you can shear a sheep once a public servant that has COJlle out of a Paraphrasing Shakespeare, I want to year, but you can skin him only once." long line of distinguished North Caro­ say this: Here was a man. Whence Many of us could have talked for half linians. comes such another? an hour and not so clearly illustrated He lived to a ripe old age but his death Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I the point as he did in that brief moment. was a catastrophe to our State and Na­ yield to the gentleman from Louisiana My admiration for him, my trust and tion. He was above politics. He leaves [Mr. BOGGS]. my confidence in him were simply a distinguished family of sons and Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I should boundless. I love to think of the fine daughters who have a heritage beyond like to join in the tributes which have contributions he has made to his Gov­ compare. I glory with them in having been paid to a great man. I had the ernment and to his fellow man. I wish known him, loved him, and his memory pleasure of serving on the Committee on more men in America had known him, will be forever green. Ways antl Means with Chairman Dough­ for I am quite sure had they had this Mr. BONNER. Mr. Speaker, I have ton for a good many years. I doubt if opportunity they would lift the dignity been requested by the gentleman from a more rugged character, or a man of of man just a little higher. All who love North Carolina [Mr. CARL YLEJ, who is greater integrity, or greater ability ever the United States of America and our indisposed today with a cold, to ask passed through the portals of this great American way of life mourn his loss. unanimous consent that he be permitted body. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I to extend his remarks at this point in If one were to attempt to describe Bob yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ the RECORD. Daughton, I think first he would have to lina [Mr. BONNER]. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to put character, because he was a man of Mr. BONNER. Mr. Speaker, it was the request of the gentleman from North character. He had strong opinions and a great loss to this Congress and to the . Caroli:na? strong convictions. Those convictions country when Mr. Daughton died. It There was no objection. stood him well throughout his life. was equally a great loss to North Caro­ Mr. CARLYLE. Mr. Speaker, I had Likewise, he was a man of great in­ lina when Mr. Daughton passed away. heard and known of our former col­ tegrity, something of very vital impor­ He was truly loved in the State. He was league, Congressman Robert L. Dough­ tance to a chairman of that great com­ held in the highest esteem by all who ton, practically all of my life, because he mittee, which has the responsibility for had the pleasure and honor of knowing had occupied high positions of trust and the fiscal affairs of our country. Like­ him. There he was esteemed as he was responsibility even before he came to wise, he was a man of almost unbeliev­ here in this body. He had been a stal­ Congress more than 43. years ago. You able ability. wart leader for the right not only in . can never know how delighted I was to I had the misfortune on occasion in political affairs but in civic and religious · have the pleasure of personally meeting the committee to take the opposite side affairs. He was a great father, a true statesman, and a respected North Caro­ him and working with him in the 81st from my chairman. I discovered that Congress. He proved to be a loyal and most of the time he could teach me les­ linian and citizen. I had the highest personal regard for helpful friend from the very beginning sons, and some very keen ones, in how and I learned to love him more with each to win a debate. him. On many, many Sunday mornings Finally, the good Lord blessed him it was a pleasure and a pride to me to passing day. with tremendous energy. A man who visit with him in his office. He was wise Congressman Doughton had a burning has brains and character and ability and in his counsel and I learned much. He and fervent desire to be of outstanding also has energy is bound to be a great gave me great aid and strength in efforts service to his country and to his State man. I used to marvel at the fact that that I made myself here in this body and certainly he succeeded in accom­ at 87 he would sit in the committee, be­ and in private life. plishing these purposes over a long num­ ginning at 10 o'clock in the morning, I will miss him, like those others who ber of years and to a very high degree. after having been on the job since per­ knew him and esteemed him. It was It would be difficult, if not impossible, haps 6 or 7 o'clock, through all the ses­ with regret that I learned of his to find another person who has ever as­ sions until 5 in the afternoon. Then he passing. I offer my deepest sympathy sisted in the formation and passage of would go into a series of conferences in to his family, his children, and to those more wholesome legislation for this his office, and start all over again the others who held him in such high regard. country. And it would also be extremely next day, bright and chipper and ready Mr. BONNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask difficult to find a person who has pre­ to go back to work. We will seldom unanimous consent that the gentleman vented more unwholesome measures again see a man of the stature and the from North Carolina [Mr. CHATHAM] may from becoming law than former Con­ greatness of Bob Daughton. extend his remarks at this point in the gressman Doughton. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I RECORD. ' He was long known as the best loved yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection man in our State, and his passing created lina [Mr. BARDEN]. to the request of the gentleman from statewide sorrow and the realization Mr. BARDEN. Mr. Speaker, I would North Carolina? that an irreparable loss had been sus­ like to embrace all of the fine things There was no objection. tained. He was at all times lqyal and said about our friend, "Uncle" Bob Mr. CHATHAM. Mr. Speaker, as a cooperative with his colleagues from Daughton. Coming from North Caro­ small child, I frequently sat on the floor North Carolina and of course, by reason lina, I, of course, knew him well. I was and listened to Uncle Bob Doughton talk of his long tenure of service, we all looked for many years associated with him. I to my father and my grandfather. Mr. to him for advice and counsel. He never knew his family; served in the North Daughton, from time to time, drove cat­ failed us. Congressman Doughton was Carolina Legislature with his brother tle and horses from his stronghold in the a deeply religious man and was closely before I came to Congress. Blue Ridge Mountains to the railroad at associated with the Baptist denomina­ In listening to the kind statements Elkin, N.c., where I was born and raised. tion in our State. He was a family man made about "Uncle'' Bob, I heard some­ He and mf father were practically the and enjoyed being with the members of one make reference to some of his same age and until my father died in his family at all times. He was a statements as being earthy. When the 1929, they were more like brothers than stanch and great American, and his going was tough and tempers sometimes friends. work j·-, Congress will always be a me­ would flare, "Uncle" Bob possessed that I naturally inherited these close asso­ morial to him. very, very unusual ability to make his ciations and until his death last sum­ I shall never forget the deep feeling position clear in very few words. mer, I truly believe that Uncle Bob of sorrow which came over me when I I recall on one occasion when the looked upon me as he would upon his learned of his passing because I knew question of taxation was up and there own kin. He was a mentor and coun- that a truly good and great man had left 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 293 us. To the' members 'of his family- t forget his physical care. So he turned its study clearly shows why America is wish again 'to ·express 'my· deepest sym­ not aside for a moment from the heavy great. pathy. I shall always be hateful to him duties that faced him in his last years in Mr. Daughton's legislative achieve­ for his many acts of 'kindness and con­ this body. Many times I have heard him ments are well known to all. . As chair­ sideration to me. To have known him say he would like to go back home, and man of the Ways and Means Committee and worked with him .iri ·congress has I think it appropriate to say that his it was his privilege and responsibility to been a real enrichment to my life. happiest days were when he was spend­ direct much of the beneficial legislative Mr: ALEXANDER. I yield to the ing his time on his farm at home; program we enjoy today. He was an un­ gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. KEAN]. The loss is not ours alone, but his tiring worker and did his work well. Mr. KEAN. Mr. Speaker, it was a passing on September 30, 1954, was a Mr. Daughton was a devout Christian, great experience to· .have had the priv­ loss to the Nation and a loss to mankind. a loyal friend with a tremendous under­ ilege of sitting at the feet of Bob Dough­ He held all the essentials and qualities standing of his fellowmen, and it was his ton and being able to absorb his great that made an ideal American states­ delight to be o-f service to others. North strength and wisdom. man-a Christian gentleman who Carolina and the Nation will greatly miss To work with him was to love him. walked with God. Mr. Daughton in the years to come. For 5 of the 7 years I served with him Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I · I extend my very deep sympathy to the on the Ways and Means Committee, he yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ members of his family and his loved was chairman. He was always most lina [Mr. JONES]. ones. considerate of the minority. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I Though representing a rural area he Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. yield to the distinguished gentleman understood the needs of all the Nation, Speaker, it is with great sorrow that I from North Carolina [Mr. FoUNTAIN]. rural and industrial, and worked for the join with my colleagues in paying a Mr. FOUNTAIN. Mr. Speaker, I want good of all the American people. tribute to the life and services of a great to associate myself with my distin­ North Carolinian, the late Honorable guished fellow colleagues in paying trib­ His service in the Congress for al­ Robert L. Daughton. No man in the his­ most half a century was outstanding. ute to and in mourning the passing since tory of America rendered any :finer or we last met of the Honorable Robert His bereaved family can take com­ longer service to our Government. When fort in knowing that his statesmanship Daughton, of North Carolina. Uncle the history of this era is written, Mr. Bob, as he was best known to most of us, has left an indelible mark for our coun­ Bob, as he was affectionately called, shall try's welfare. was truly a great man, a statesman of occupy a prominent and lasting position. the :first order, a great American, a hu­ Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr.- Speaker, I He was known in North Carolina as a yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ manitarian in every sense of the word, good farmer, an outstanding statesman, a stanch defender and protector of little lina [Mr. DURHAM]. and a :fine Christian gentleman. · Mr. DURHAM.· Mr. Speaker, on many people everywhere; above everything, a Born and bred in the Blue Ridge friend of the poor, the needy, and the occasions before and in many places in Mountains of western North Carolina, he downtrodden. my own State and here in Congress I came from the hardy pioneer stock so have risen to pay tribute to his noble Our State and the Nation have lost a prevalent in our mountain section. Dur­ great leader. The memory of his life soul we are honoring here today and who ing his long years of public service, Mr. · so ably represented his home State of and record of public service is something Bob never left his beloved hills for very we in North Carolina will always cherish North Carolina in this body for 42 years. long. His body now sleeps -on the side and hold near and dear to our hearts as The career of Mr. Bob Daughton, whom of one of those mountains whose strength long as we live. we are honoring because he honored us symbolized his character and his entire Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I so effectively in so many ways, certainly being. yield to the distinguished gentleman we cannot touch on but a few high spots. The people of his congressional dis­ from North Carolina [Mr. JONAS]. It is my :firm conviction that no other in­ trict sent him to Congress 4 years before Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to dividual has served with more diligence I was born and I shall always count it join my colleagues from North Carolina, to build here in this Hall a body of law as one of the greatest privileges of my and the many others who have spoken that will continue to serve this country life that I was permitted to serve in the in the House today, in paying tribute of ours so we may maintain and remain Congress with this great man. His good to the memory of one of the great men forever a free people. In this connection humor and pleasant disposition, his of my time, the late Honorable Robert he served not only as an architect but as :fierce devotion to duty and strong pa­ L. Daughton. a master builder. He was a man who be­ triotism were a great inspiration to me It was not my privilege to serve in lieved that freedom can never be an end and shall continue to be so long as I live. the House with "Mr. Bob," or "Uncle in itself, but that it will be at its richest He presided over that powerful Com­ Bob," as he was affectionately known and its best only when it exists to serve mittee on Ways and Means during some throughout North Carolina and among a larger and a more creative purpose. of the most trying days in the history of his intimate friends here. Nor could I He was a man who could reconcile him­ our country. Every man who served with even claim close personal acquaintance self to the possibility that hardship and him will testify to the excellent service with him. He was a contemporary of sacrifice face us in battling for the right. which he rendered during those days. my father, and they were warm personal Mr. Bob Daughton also was a pioneer Mr. Daughton served in the Congress of friends for many years despite their in the truest sense, and he was an ener­ the United States for 42 years, and then different viewpoints in matters political. getic lover of those things that built for retired and returned to his beloved But I knew Mr. Daughton by reputation. him a reputation of honesty, integrity, mountains of North Carolina. While en­ He was perhaps as well known as any and statesmanship not only in his own joying the rest and retirement which he citizen of our State, because he repre­ State but all America. He never lost an so richly deserved, he passed on to the sented his district here for nearly half opportunity to offer to us sound and Great Beyond on the 30th day of Sep­ a century and his service was so out­ good advice in our conduct. His dedica­ tember 1954. I extend to the members standing. · His name came to be almost tion to the principles of liberty was evi­ of his family my heartfelt sympathy in a household word in North Carolina. dent from his young manhood days. He their great sorrow. Truly, a great and It was a shock to me, as well as a ably served in the legislative body of his good man has passed to his reward. shock to the people of my State, when native State as a young man. He was Mr. Daughton passed away. We had born in a section of our State in the North Carolina and the Nation have lost a great statesman. come to think of him as a person as in­ foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains, destructible as the hills ·from which he where men grow strong not only physi­ Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I came. He was strong of body, strong cally but mentally and morally also. yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ of mind, and strong of will. He enjoyed Such individuals are needed and will lina [Mr. SHUFORD]. the trust and confidence of the people · continue to be needed in the years to Mr. SHUFORD. Mr. Speaker, Robert of his district to an unusual degree, as come. No one wished for peace and L. Daughton was one of North Carolina's is evidenced by the fact· that they sent quiet more than Mr. Daughton, but he best loved citizens, and his passing was him back so. many times to repre3ent felt so devoted to his responsibilities in and is mourned throughout the state. them. They are going to miss him in our national life that he felt he should His life is an inspiration to all of us, and the years that lie ahead, although they 294 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE January 13 do have a worthy successor in the person before the Ways and Means Committee reverence, so- much loving kindness, so of the gentleman from North Carolina appeared Dr. Townsend in explanation deep a feeling of the need of restraint [Mr. ALEXANDER] who was kind enougtr and advocacy of the Townsend plan.· against the surge of emotion, as the to yield to me in order that I might make The good doctor spent some little time, task I set myself today. these few remarks. an hour or more, explaining that plan. For I propose to eval~ate-in terms as The citizens throughout our State-in When he had finished Mr. Doughton very brief almost as an epitaph-the life of every walk of life and regardless of po­ courteously asked him if he had finished. Robert Lee Doughton. _ litical affiliation-mourned his passing. The doctor replied that he had. He sat I do it humbly, using the materials­ Upon his voluntary retirement from back in his swivel chair, his fingers in the simple and profound--of a life that cov­ Congress, North Carolina lost a valua~le armholes of his vest and asked if there ers 90 years. It is a life so interwoven representative, one who had been as m­ was anything further the committee de­ with the meaning of America that for fiuential and as effective in the passing sired to hear, and said he was ready to me it is impossible to think of this coun­ of far-reaching legislation as any man answer all questions. Then the chair­ try without mel). like him, or to think in my memory. Upon his death, our man of the committee, Mr. Daughton, of men like him, without thinking of State and Nation lost a most distin­ asked the very pertinent question. "Well this country. guished citizen, one whose accomplish­ Doctor, you explained this plan rather On Friday, October 1, 1954, death ments in the field of government will completely;'-some of you will remem­ came to Robert Lee Doughton. fill many chapters in any history of our ber that it was a plan to give $200 a The end came at his home in Laurel times. - month to people who had reached a cer­ Springs, N. c., amid the Alleghany hills Mr.· BYRNES of Wisconsin. ·Mr. tain age to be expended by them in that he loved so well. He died full of years, Speaker, will the gentleman yield? particular month, to give some action to full of honors, and full of the love and Mr. ALEXANDER. I yield to the gen- the velocity dollar. So Mr. Daughton respect of his fellowman. Perhaps not tleman from Wisconsin. · asked him: "Doctor, have you any idea, so intimately as some of you, perhaps Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin. Mr. or plan, as to how the Congress could or more so than others, I can speak from Speaker, it is certainly most fitting that should get the money to put this plan my own knowledge, my own friendship, the House of Representatives pause in into operation?" my own long and productive association its proceedings to pay tribute to Bob The doctor, very well satisfied with with this typical American. Through Daughton. He was truly a great man, a what he said, leaned back, swung around the decades _we worked, so to speak, great American, and a great statesman._ in his chair, and said: "Mr. Chairman I elbow to elbow in the Congress of the There are many experiences that I have explained the plan. It is up to you United States. We toiled 10 of these have had as a Member of this House and the Congress to get the money.'' years in the· closest association on the which I will cherish, but I doubt that The chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means Committee. Our fam­ there will be any experience I will cherish Ways and Means did not really have an ilies enjoyed a warm mutual relation· more than the experience of having the answer to that one and, so far as I have ·ship. The gigantic forces that swept opportunity to serve under the chair­ been able to learn, no one else has ever the world through two devastating wars manship of our great friend Uncle Bob, found the answer. and a world crippling depression found as he was known to so many of us. He Had it been my privilege to have Congressman Daughton, of the Ninth was a man of the highest principle, and changed his life, I would have said this: District of North Carolina, in a position a man of real and firm conviction. When "I am sorry he was not born in the of great national strategic significance. Uncle Bob decided, in his own judg­ Fourth Congressional District of Michi­ For years he was one of the leaders and ment, what he· thought to be a proper gan so that the people of that district most effective Members of the Congress course to take on any issue, he stuck by might have had his able service as their of the United States. His personal force that determination against any and all public servant." was bulwarked by the prestige of an un­ pressures, because, Mr. Speaker, he had Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. impeachable reputation. He was elected convictions, and he was willing to live Speaker, will the gentleman yield? to the 62d Congress and reelected to by them and, if necessary, die by them. Mr. ALEXANDER. I yield to the gen­ each suceeding Congress up to and in· If Members of the Congress, new or tlewoman from Massachusetts. eluding the 82d. He had, besides, the old, desire any former Member as a Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. official. eminence that came with the guide to emulate, or whose footsteps to Speaker, I should like to join with the mightily important chairmanship of the follow, they could do no better than members of the North Carolina delega­ House Ways and Means Committee. He to follow the life and character of Bob tion in their tribute to our former col­ held this post steadily from the 73d Con­ Doughton. league, Mr. Daughton. I have a feeling gress-with the exception of the 80th­ Our country is a better place to live of personal loss at his passing. He was a through the 82d Congress and retire· in because Bob Daughton served in the true friend to so many of us in the Con­ ment from public life. Congress. History must list him aniong gress. I deeply sympathize with his We look with a telescopic eye down the great public servants of the Nation. family to whom he was greatly devoted. I join in the tribute being paid him through the long corridor of Robert Lee As the gentleman so well knows, Mr. Daughton's four score years and ten and today, even though words will always Doughton was a great statesman, he was be inadequate to properly describe this we come to the inescapable conclusion of fine upright character and intellectu­ that here was a man who represents a great man and the contributions he has ally honest with himself. If he felt legis­ made toward the betterment of his remarkable and quite common phenom· lation was good for the country he voted enon in American biography. Like so country. for it; if he thought it was bad legisla­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. many men of extraordinary leadership tion he voted against it. America is whose voices have been heard amid these Speaker, will the gentleman yield? greatly indebted for his splendid services. Mr. ALEXANDER. I yield to the gen­ walls in a century and a half, he was of The people of my distict and State owe the very essence of the stuff that is tleman frcm Michigan. Mr. Doughton a great deal as he was · Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Endors­ America. His was a cumulative contri­ very helpful in arranging revenues for bution to the strength of our country. ing or, rather, seeking to join in all that them in agreeing with their objectives. has been said, I might add that it was my Every day of his 42 years of service in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts the House of Representatives left, some­ privilege for something like 10 years to mourns with the State of North Carolina times boldly, sometimes subtly, the live in the same building with our col­ in the passing of this great man. league, just one door removed from the weight of his influence on the life of our apartment where he and his family GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND REMARKS time. · resided. Going over to the House office At the request of Mr. ALEXANDER, all Yet, if I had it put to me to specify building in the earlier years when I Members were given permission to extend the most singular contribut!.on of all that served here he was always found there their remarks at this point in the RECORD he made to the greatness of his coun­ whether it was half past six or seven, he on the life and achivements of the late try, I think I would find the answer. It was always just a little on the job ahead Robert L. Daughton. would not be in his work on this piece of you. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, . of legislation or on that. It would not Never but once did I see him at a loss there is no task in my 37 years of .public depend upon his leadership at some crit­ for words, and that was at a time when life that I have approached with so much ical hour in a dramatic session of the 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 295 Congress when the fate of great deci­ him, as one did, as the "noblest Roman Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, we shall sions on taxation and social security and of them all." We appreciated his firm­ always miss the Magnificent Mari of the fiscal policy hung in the air. No; ex­ ness, for he was never a puppet and Mountains, Robert Lee Doughton. He traordinary as some of these services never a mouthpiece, and never just an always lived above the fog in public duty were, and as enduring for this country instrument of someone else's bidding. and private thinking and by his life and probably for all time, the most singular Perhaps a suggestion of his sense of con­ labor made a grand contribution to the gift that Robert Lee Doughton gave to viction, of his adamant will, of his cour­ greatness of his State and Nation. At the United States lies in another and a age, and rocklike determination is to be the time of his death he was North Caro­ more impressive direction even than that. recognized in that still other nickname lina's most beloved and distinguished To me his life is a phenomenon, indi­ he had: Muley Doughton. Once he knew citizen. He was one of God's noblemen vidually outstanding, because he gave a his position to be just, after the exhaus­ and always labored in the vineyards of distinctly American focus to some of the tive study he gave the problems before his Lord. I am certain that we shall not most intrepid, the most da!'ing, the most him, it would have been easier to move in our generation see another man like needfully dynamic legislation of the most all the 9 counties in the 9th district of him. The unfortunate, the lowly labor­ overwhelmingly turbulent years of the North Carolina clear to the moon and ing man, and the orphan and the widow legislative history of the United States. back again than to budge Robert Lee will long cherish his memory because of His sponsorship of forwardlooking laws Doughton from the line he knew to be his great efforts in their behalf as the helped to make them palatable to areas right and fair. That is why it warmed father of the social-security legislation. of criticism that at first wrongly asso­ the depth of my heart, as I am sure it One of his many monuments which will ciated them with thinking inconsistent warmed the grand legislator and states­ endure through generations yet unborn with our ideals. The truth of his judg­ man, to hear tributes to his fairness is this program. This great man thought ment and its accuracy is demonstrated from the gentlemen on both sides of the with Hans Christian Andersen that- by the fact that this legislation has be­ aisle in July of 1952. As evidence of the The best love man can offer come an integral and permanent part respect our Repu'blican friends had for To a God of love, be sure, of American life and is almost as much him, I take time out to quote Congress­ Is mercy to God's little ones indigenous to our way of thinking as the man DANIEL A. REED, of New York, be­ And kindness to God's poor. Washington Monument and Bunker Hill. cause his tribute in the course of debate In periods of suspicion and uncertainty in 1951 on this floor is so pertinent. We, his colleagues, will always remem­ and distress, in atmospheres of disunity We have just listened- ber him by the eloquence of his actions; and recrimination, Robert Lee Doughton, the nobility of his soul, and the sim­ like some mighty man of valor, held the Congressman REED said of Congress­ plicity of his life, in which were exempli­ vital pieces together, and from the key man Doughton- fied all the fine virtues and tender sensi­ vantage point of his chairmanship, up to a great and grand American. We may not bilities of true manhood. to the limit of his considerable capacity, agree in our philosophy on some things, but Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, he piloted the problems of the Ways and as far as concerns the patriotism, and the Members who have preceded me in earnestness, and the sincerity, and the jus­ speaking of the high regard and respect Means Committee off the shoals of con­ tice of the great man from North Carolina. tusion to safe seas and secure anchorage. • • • I think we can all agree that he is out­ in which Mr. Doughton was held by his I say phenomenon almost as one uses standing in every respect. colleagues in the House of Representa­ the world miracle. Consider that here tives, have expressed more eloquently was a farm boy who never quite finished That, I emphasize, was the voice of the than it is possible for me to do so re­ high school and yet became one of our opposition spoken in the very heat of the garding the former chairman of the country's outstanding legislative experts contest over the tax bill of that year. Committee on Ways and Means on which in the most complex and involved, and No American in our history has so I served for 12 years. I join whole­ the most technically difficult area of deeply stamped himself on the tax law heartedly in all of the sentiments so Government-taxation. It is a phenom­ of our country as Robert Lee Doughton. feelingly presented by so many who knew enon that one must ally with that other And wherever you find the imprint of him intimately. phenomenon of an even greater back­ his influence, you find the law breathing The Congress of the United States has woods American who had only a rudi­ the philosophy of his sense of justice. truly been enriched by his great char­ mentary formal education, yet produced He never believed in soaking the rich for acter, his keen perception, his devotion the most classic orations that have been the benefit of the poor nor would he coun­ to duty, and the general all around ex­ delivered in the Halls of Congress. The tenance burdening the weight of the Na­ ample he has given to not only his col­ record in the simple~t terms shows that tion's tax load on the poor as he was leagues but to the people in the Nation Robert Lee Doughton was a horse trader, so strenuously urged to do. He joined as a whole. a farmer, a banker, and a legislator who, the principles of mathematics with the His district has been indeed fortunate in just about all things, had the habit of principles of justice and emerged with in having him as their Representative success. He never lost a nomination or tax laws through the years that were in Congress. met defeat in an election. But if you invested with the highest concepts of I can say that I myself have become examine into the basis for this success equity. It was Ro~rt Lee Doughton who a better citizen because of the oppor­ which was so consistent and so steady piloted our social-security law through tunity that has been given me to serve over the decades ·of time you find two the House. It is the life of Robert Lee under a chairman of his caliber. His root factors. One was an unswerving Doughton that represents to me the finest influence in molding important legisla­ integrity, the other a homely philosophy example of individual rectitude in consti­ tion will remain in effect for the good of of fairness. And of course he did the tutional government. In the long and the country for many generations to work. sometimes dreadful periods of crises come. Such a man is deeply human and has when grave decisions had to be taken All of us keenly regret that he was a legion of friends. Robert Lee Doughton stood up and was not able to serve longer in the interests We have only to recall how in this very counted and gave to measures some con­ of his constituents and of the Nation as Chamber in July of 1952, amid scenes I sidered extreme the imprimatur of the a whole. shall never forget, the grand old man sat deepest and the strongest Americanism Mr. MILLS. Mr. Speaker, approxi­ here among us, while many of us stood of his time. People knew also that meas .. mately 2% years ago it was my sad priv­ up, one by one, and paid him tribute in ures he fought for were not only in the ilege to address the House on the occa­ brief and warm and heartfelt expres­ the public interest, but belonged in the sion of the retirement from Congress of sions of admiration and affection on the tradition of America. His greatness was one of its most distinguished Member­ occasion of his retirement-retirement in many things, bu.t especially it was in a man whose career of public service has for an old warrior who had served in that. seldom, if ever, been equaled. I refer this House under seven Presidents, be­ In this spirit of gratitude for the help to our late beloved friend and my former ginning with William Howard Taft. To he has been to all of us, to his district, chairman, the Honorable Robert L. us, he had all the stature of an elder to the State of North Carolina, to the Doughton. statesman in the truest and finest sense Nation, and to the world, America says On October 1 of this past year, Mr. of the word. Yet it was easy to call him farewell to this great partner in the mak­ Daughton peacefully passed away in his Bob. And just as accurate to refer to ing of American history. sleep in his beautiful home near Laurel 296 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 13 Springs in his beloved North Carolina. Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, within 3 "We have almost lost the battle for scien­ I am sure that I am correct in saying years our country will be a second-class tific manpower." He further stated that that our great sadness on learning of his technological power. Within 3 years So­ Soviet technical schools seem to be equal passing is beyond expression. viet Russia will have more scientists and in quality to those of this country. Our beloved Speaker, the distin­ engineers than we possess today. This Several weeks ago, in the allocation of guished gentleman from Texas, de­ catastrophe is of recent origin, for up jobs to the Democratic Party, there was scribed Mr. Doughten more aptly than until 4 years ago we were keeping pace a call for a chemical engineer and a me­ has anyone. I recall the remarks of with Soviet Russia in the production of chanical engineer, with a starting salary our distinguished Speaker in comment­ engineers and scientists; however, with­ of $6,000. It is absolutely impossible ing on Mr. Doughten at the time the in the past 4 years the graduation of to fill these two jobs even with men latter retired from Congress. Our engineers and scientists from our tech­ freshly graduated from our engineering Speaker then said, "When I think of Bob nical schools has decreased 500 percent. schools. The commissioner of water Doughten, I think of a great forest of The New York Times last Sunday was supply of the city of New York, an engi­ big trees, and the biggest tree in the for­ crowded with four solid pages of adver­ neer himself, Mr. Arthur Ford, appeared est is inscribed 'Bob Doughten.' " To see tisements from private industry plead­ before the board of estimate recently Mr. Doughten you knew he was a giant ing, soliciting, begging American men and stated the inability of his office in physically. To work with Mr. Doughten and women to work with them as engi­ securing any trained _personnel due not made you realize he was also a giant in neers and scientists. only to the low salaries but the shortage character and in wisdom. I spent this morning at the White of men in the field. Mr. Doughten was first elected to the House with the Secretary of Cabinet Op­ Within 5 years our military leadership 62d Congress in 1910. His subsequent erations, Mr. Maxwell M. Rabb, discuss­ with the atom bomb and the hydrogen service in the House was continuous for ing this problem which is before the bomb will be completely wiped out by the 42 years. Mr. Doughten became chair­ Cabinet of our executive branch now. Soviets' overpowering scientific and en­ man of the Committee on Ways and I am introducing a bill which I trust will gineering leadership. Means in the 73d Congress. No other solve this problem. The fact that the Soviet Union is now man has ever equaled his tenure of serv­ Mr. Speaker, possession of the atom graduating three times as many engi­ ice as chairman of our great committee. bomb and the hydrogen bomb by both of neers each year as is the United States During the time that I was honored to the leaders of the two opposing poles of is not an accident. There is no way serve with Mr. Doughten, I came to know thought in our world has minimized, if of catching up with the Soviet Union him as a man of outstanding ability, un­ not ruled out, the use of force as a tech­ under our present system. Special in­ compromising integrity, and complete nique for victory. Regardless of who ducements are offered engineering stu­ devotion to his country. Mr. Doughten struck first, the power to retaliate would dents. All students in scientific and en­ brought qualities of wisdom, under­ be still held by the opposing side so that gineering schools are either exempted standing, and great patriotism to his the victory' indeed, would be a pyrrhic from the draft or deferred for 5 years. duties. With the convening of this 84th one. Therefore, the conflict, the fight, Today the scoreboard is: United Congress, the memory of Mr. Doughten and the victory must be based almost States, 500,000 engineers; Russia, 400,- remains very vivid in my mind. The totally upon ideas. 000; United States, 200,000 other scien­ stalwart and energetic gentleman from The survey made by the New York tists; Russia 150,000 scientists. That North Carolina made such a contribu­ Times and released to us through Dr. means within 3 more years, at the most, tion to our tax, social security, and tariff Benjamin E. Fine on Sunday, November we will be a second -class power in terms laws that there is never an occasion 7, should be as alarming to us as the news of technology. when we consider these matters that that Russia possessed the hydrogen I applaud the grant by the Carnegie I do not recall the tireless energies that bomb. That study conducted by the New Foundation of New York to the Massa­ Mr. Doughten devoted to the develop­ chusetts Institute of Technology to de­ ment of landmark legislation in these York Times showed that Moscow is over­ termine the quality and quantity of Rus­ areas. taking the United States in the training sian technicians but you cannot stop the Mr. Doughten is properly known as of engineers. The free world is in danger world from burning with a fiddling the father of our social-security system. of losing the important technological $20,000. I want to distinctly and specif­ He authored more tax laws than any race for trained scientists, engineers and ically take issue with Dr. Henry Wasser, other man in the history of our Nation. technicians. While the democracies of acting coordinator of humanities at City He lived through one tariff act after the world, including the United States, College, who stated recently that Amer­ another, beginning in 1911 and ending are looking the other way, the Soviet icans need not be fearful of reports that with our trade-agreements program as Union and its satellites are training Russia is outpacing-the United States in we know it today. scientists and engineers at an almost training engineers. He said the Soviet Mr. Doughten was not only a friend feverish pace. The Soviet Union has set increase in engineer's training is being to me, he was a teacher and adviser. out on a definite state policy to first achieved by eliminating the study of It was my privilege to serve with Mr. reach, and then outstrip, the free world humanities in Russian technical schools. Doughten in the House since 1939 and in the preparation of scientists and engi­ So what? His reasoning is facetious. as a member of the Committee on Ways neers essential for survival in the atomic The hard, cold fact is that we are train­ and Means since 1942. Mr. Doughten age. At the same time, the quality of the ing 3 times as many Americans in the was a man of outstanding ability and Soviet technical schools and colleges is humanities and they are training 3 times tireless energy. steadily rising. Net many educators are as many Russians in technology and Few men have or ever will equal Mr. a ware of the tremendous Soviet spurt in science. Men who have studied the Doughten's long and selfless career of the scientific fields. Despite the urgent humanities only will be the slaves in service to his State and to his country. need for additional engineers and other tomorrow's world of the men technically His example and memory will long re­ technically trained personnel in this trained to live in an age of atomic main an inspiration to those who serve country, the supply has gone down in the energy. in this Chamber as Members of the last 4 years. In 1950, the peak was I have immediately acted in this field. Congress of the United States. reached when the Nation's colleges grad­ I have had drawn up a bill to immedi­ I pay humble tribute to the memory uated 50,000 engineers. This has ately start a solution to this problem. I of the Honorable Robert L. Daughton. dropped each year since then, going to do not claim that this bill is perfect, nor His guiding hand will be sorely missed a low 20,000 last June. At the same that it is the last word, but I do claim by all of us. time the trained engineers and scientists that it is the first word and that we in the Soviet Union have taken a directly should not delay 1 minute more than is opposite stand. In 1928, 11,000 engineers necessary in passing this bill. We should THE TRAINING OF ADDITIONAL were graduated. By 1950 the number not waste time with too long committee SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS had jumped to 28,000. The number of hearings, even though the bill will be The SPEAKER. Under previous order graduates rose to 40,000 in 1953, and to assigned to my committee-the Commit­ of the House, the gentleman from New 54,000 in 1954. tee on Education end Labor. Whatever York [Mr. PowELL] is recognized for 30 Dr. John R. Dunning, dean of the Co­ mistakes are made can be amended as minutes. lumbia School of Engineering, stated, time goes on. My bill is called the na- 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 297. tiona! defense scientific education bill. WHO PROTECTED AND PROMOTED ever lose his temper or become exasper­ This bill believes: PERESS? ated-vividly, vigorously, in unparlia­ First. That we must immediately be­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under mentary language, condemned the action gin catching up with the Soviet Union in previous order of the House, the gentle­ of the Watkins committee and -of some scientific and technological training. man from Michigan [Mr. HoFFMAN] is of his colleagues. Second. It calls for a crash program recognized for 10 minutes. But neither senatorial investigation for the Federal Government to subsidize Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. determined, nor was Senator McCARTHY the training of 25,000 candidates for sci­ Speaker, I ask unanimous consent tore­ able to get the answer, as to why or by entific and engineering degrees begin­ vise and extend my remarks and include whom Peress, after he had twice refused ning September 1, 1955. certain letters written by other Members to answer questions about membership Third. The Federal Government shall of Congress. in subversive organizations, and after pay $2,000 per year to the scientific The SPEAKER. Is there objection Army's Counter Intelligence had recom­ school of the candidate's choice. The to the request of the gentleman from mended that he be discharged because its entire program is to be administered by Michigan? investigations disclosed ''sufficient evi­ the Office of Education of the Depart­ There was no objection. dence of disloyalty and subversive ten­ ment of Health, Education, and Welfare. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. dencies to warrant removal of Peress Fourth. Competitive aptitude exami­ Speaker, many urgent inquiries, verbal from the service," was first promoted, nations are to be held in the spring of and written, have come to me-as no then given an honorable discharge. each year. All Members of Congress, in­ doubt they have to practically all Mem­ Not until January 7, 1955, did the Sec­ cluding Senators, Representatives, and bers of Congress-requesting, some de­ retary of Defense, on demand of a Re­ Delegates in Territorial possessions may manding, why and by whom Dr. Irving publican Member of the other body, nominate a minimum of 50 candidates Peress, who was commissioned as a cap­ attempt to supply the answers to there­ each. tain in the Army, on October 15, 1952, peated requests and demands as to why Fifth. Scholarships are to be awarded was promoted and given an honorable and by whom Peress was promoted, then to men, upon the graduation from high discharge from the armed services by given an honorable discharge. school, or those who are already in col­ the Defense Department, after he had The answer apparently is that, though leges or universities who desire to shift refused to answer the Army's question some 60 officers in the armed services had their emphasis to the field of science or as to whether he was a member of a sub­ a look at the record, either none noted engineering. versive group, after the Army had been the evidence of disloyalty and subversive Sixth. Candidates shall come from advised by its own officers in April of tendencies, or thought it of sufficient both sexes and shall be chosen without 1953 that there was in his record "suf­ weight or importance to block the routine regard to race, creed, color, or national ficient evidence of disloyalty and sub­ promotion. origin. versive tendencies to warrant removal The seven-page Army report shows Seventh. Once a candidate receives an of Peress from the service." that, when Senator McCARTHY, almost a award, he is to continue the award until On November 2, 1953, notwithstanding year after the facts were on the Army's the completion of all his undergraduate the recommendation by Army's Counter record, protested Major Peress' honor­ and graduate work. All candidates shall Intelligence that he be discharged, Pe­ able discharge-with all the benefits that be deferred from military service until ress was promoted from captain to ma­ go to an honorably discharged officer­ the awarding cf their scientific or en­ jor, and on February 2, 1954, in spite of both Lt. Gen. Walter L. Weible, Deputy gineering degree. the written protest of Senator McCAR­ Chief of Staff for Operations and Ad­ Eighth. There shall be established a THY, he was given an honorable dis­ ministration, and John G. Adams, the commission of outstanding scientists, charge. Army's counselor, to whom the matter educators-including members of the Major Peress was questioned by Sena­ was finally referred, in refusing to re­ Atomic Energy Commission and biparti­ tor McCARTHY on January 30, 1954, at view the record, by their action approved san representation from both Houses of which time he again refused to answer the discharge. Congress-all to be appointed by the questions about membership in subver­ The responsibility for the promotion of President of the United States, which sive organizations, claiming privilege Peress from captain to major rests upon will have complete power to oversee and under the fifth amendment. the Army. The record discloses that administer this operation. either Army Personnel or Intelligence or This will call for an expenditure of The above facts were known to Gen­ both were negligent. $50 million a year-not including the eral Zwicker, Major Peress' commanding The final responsibility for the hon­ cost of extra personnel for the Office of officer, when, on February 18, 1954, he orable discharge of Major Peress rests Education and the expenses of the Presi­ was questioned by Senator McCARTHY. upon General Weibel and John G. dent's Commission. Surely this is a On that occasion, perhaps because he Adams, Counselor of the Army, but the cheap enough price to pay for survival had been so instructed by his superiors, reasons for their action, neither they in the atomic age. General Zwicker refused to answer ques­ nor the Army have yet disclosed. Inasmuch as this program will be tions as to why and by whom Peress had But the record and-the hearings show availa'!:lle to men who are already doing been promoted, later given an honorable that General Weible and Army Counselor their undergraduate or graduate work discharge. Exasperated, Senator Mc­ John G. Adams, as well as administration in fields other than the fields of science CARTHY said: strategists, did not hold up Major Peress' ·and engineering, I envision an immediate Any man who has been given the honor honorable discharge, permitted it to go pickup of 10,000 extra graduates in 1956. of being promoted to general and then says, through, because they did not intend to "I will protect another general who protected With that amount increasing about 50 Communists" is not fit to wear that uniform, let McCARTHY make the record public. percent per year and within 5 years, by General. The Army, when McCARTHY attempted 1960, I am confident that the scoreboard to show that it was not fully diligent in will indicate that our Government has Apparently that statement was the its pursuit of Communists, would not ad­ reached the output of Soviet Russia. spark which touched off two congres­ mit that it had made a mistake in the Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, will the sional hearings and a special session of Peress case. They did not intend to let gentleman yield? the Senate. McCARTHY make the record public. Mr. POWELL. I yield to the gentle­ On December 4, 1954, bypassing and Our Democratic friends took full po .. man from Oklahoma. dropping the Zwicker-McCarthy flareup, litical advantage of the situation. Mr. ALBERT. The gentleman has the Senate adopted a resolution con­ There is now no evidence that they will made a very interesting statement. I demning Senator McCARTHY for conduct willingly relinquish that advantage. do not know whether or not I followed "contrary to senatorial traditions" and They have forced the armed services to all the details, but certainly he pointed for conduct "contrary to senatorial ethics do what Senator McCARTHY was trying up the fact that the conservation of our and tended to bring the Senate into dis­ to do but was unable to accomplish. intelligent young people is one of the honor and disrepute, to obstruct the con­ Additional congressional hearings may great conservation problems of America. stitutional processes of the Senate, and emphasize the administration's effort to I think that is an aspect of the problem. to impair its dignity." help the Army in covering up, but in my Mr. POWEL-L. That is correct. I Senator McCARTHY, exasperated-of humble judgment will continue to prove thank the gentleman. course no Member of Congress should that McCARTHY was highballing down 298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 13 the right track toward a worthwhile ob· sum . appropriated is expended by the "father knows best'' in Washington is to jective. Such hearings, if held, would Federal authorities. tell us what to do with our own money. also indicate that the Democratic organ­ In view of the fact that it was un­ This comparatively minor incident­ ization pulled a boner when they joined doubtedly the intention of the Congress, minor from a national standpoint but in a slap at Joe. when it passed the original act and when vital to the local communities--is but it was amended, that at least 75 percent another illustration of the way bureau­ of the funds appropriated were to be cratic power grows and expands, once DOES PAPA KNOW BEST? used for the purposes and in the man­ given a toehold. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. ner determined by a State organization, · H. R. 2012 was introduced to force ex­ Speaker, permit me to talk about an­ there would seem to be no reason why penditure by the State authorities of the other subject. now, insofar as the expenditure of the funds appropriated and allocated to the Are the States to be denied the right funds in Michigan is concerned, the States under the Federal Airport Act. to spend any part of the taxpayers' intention of the Congress and the rec­ Mr. KNOX. Mr. Speaker, will the dollars? ommendations of the State authority gentleman yield? · When in May of 1946 the Federal Air­ should not be followed. · Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield. port Act-Sixtieth United States Stat· Nevertheless the Federal Civil Aero­ Mr. KNOX. I agree with the gentle­ utes at Large, page 170, Public Law 377; nautics Authority, following the thought man from Michigan 100 percent on the 2d session of the 79th Congress--was entertained by most Federal agencies, statement he has made. adopted and approved, at least some is insisting that it determine where the Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Just a Members of Congress were of the opinion tax dollars shall be spent. minute, you want to be a little cautious that.section 6 (a) would require appro­ Once again it appears that big busi­ about that because I said that Benton priated funds to be expended in the ness, especially big business in Michi­ Harbor ought to have so much and as I manner and at the locations selected by gan, is to have a monopoly, not only of understand it, you want Escanaba to State authorities. Federal big business, but of all expend­ have so much and Iron Mountain to Many Members of the House had the itures of the citizens' tax dollars. have so much. I am not quarreling with same thought in mind when that section This policy will result in a centraliza­ that. was amended in October of 1949 by Pub­ tion and a building up of air transport Mr. KNOX. I was about to proceed lic Law 382 of tl}e 80th Congress. facilities. This at the time when the along that line. It is doubtful that the Congress, had Federal Government, as a measure of Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I thank the Members not expected that funds safety and of national defense, is advo­ you. appropriated were to be used in the man­ cating decentralization of Federal bu· Mr. KNOX. In the allocation of the ner and for the purposes indicated by reaucratic activities. funds for airport construction for the various State authorities, would have To remedy what I consider the misin­ State of Michigan, undoubtedly, the provided-as it did in section 6 (a)­ terpretation and maladministration of civil aeronautics board in Michigan that 75 percent of the amount made the act earlier, a bill H. R. 2012 to amend made two recommendations to the CAA, available for grants for projects in the section 6 (a) so as to make mandatory but in their recommendations they re­ several States should be apportioned by the States expenditure of all funds ap­ quested that if any change was to be the Administrator among the several propriated under this act, has been intro­ made from the original that they be no­ States in the manner provided by the act. duced by me. tified before the change was made. Not so long ago, in fact on October 5, Let me cite the situation in the Fourth Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. That is 1954, the Civil Aeronautics Authority an­ Congressional District. my understanding. nounced through our colleague, JERRY St. Joseph and Benton Harbor have Mr. KNOX. That is true. Now from FoRD of the Fifth District of Michigan, an airport which is on a direct line from all of the files I have, and I assume I and former Senator Homer Ferguson, several eastern cities, also from Detroit have the full report from the Michigan that certain funds would be given to the through to Chicago and northwestern Board of Aeronautics, they were never State of Michigan for the improvement cities. It has an airport which is small, notified by the CAA that there was go- . of its airports. which needs expansion. ing to be any change made. My chief Under the long-range program were The citizens of those two communities interest in the allocation of the fund for allocations for: Detroit-Wayne Major, have spent some $35,000 to purchase ad­ airport construction in the State of $500,000; Grand Rapids--Kent--$400,- ditional land to expand the airport so as Michigan is· that the board of aero­ 000; Willow Run, $300,000; Flint, $300,- to make it available as an emergency nautics on the State level have some ju­ 000; Lansing, $250,000; Muskegon, $100,- field for the largest ships on direct flights risdiction where the money is going to 000; and Tri-Cities, $100,000. of commercial lines and as a local field be spent. The particular airport I am Under the original Civil Aeronautics for air shipments which are handling an directly interested in is the airport at Authority current allocation plan, $190,- ever-expanding freight and passenger the city of Escanaba in Michigan which 000 would have been given to the Kent business. has only one runway. The money that ·Airport at Grand Rapids, Kent County, Local citizens, relying upon the reallo­ was to be allocated, which was only $30,- Mich. cation statement put out by the Mich­ 000 from the Federal level, was to be The Michigan Department of Aero­ igan State department of aeronautics used for the construction of another nautics recommended a reallocation, and and which provided for $50,000 from the runway. Now there is only one airline under that reallocation, made on Decem­ Federal Government, have raised $100,- that serves the northern part of Michi­ ber 8, Grands Rapids-Kent-was at this 000 to match $100,000 contributed by the gan outside of the area of Sault Sainte time to be given $90,000. State so that the $285,000 proposed im­ Marie, Mich., and that is the North Naturally the reallocation pleased provement will go through. .central Lines. In one quarter of 1954 those communities and the representa­ Now Uncle Sam's spDkesmen here in they had 57 flyovers because of wind tives of those communities who were to Washington apparently are telling us conditions which prohibited a landing. receive money and who had originally that we cannot have that $50,000 allo­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. You been ignored. Naturally, too, the com­ cated by the Michigan State department mean in a period of 3 months? munities which would not, under the re­ of aeronautics and by so doing will kill Mr._KNOX. In 3 months they had 57 allocation receive as much as originally a needed expenditure of $285,000 for the flyovers. allocated, were not pleased. improvement of an airport which not Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. What The basic, fundamental issue is only is needed for commercial develop­ do you mean by flyovers? Do you mean whether the tax dollars of the citizens ment but which would, if completed as that they could not land? are to be spent under the direction and suggested, greatly contribute to the na­ Mr. KNOX. That is right. In other at the whim or will of the Federal au­ tional defense. words, the winds were in directions thorities, or in the manner and for the So we are back again to the question which would not permit the use of the purposes determined by the State au­ of whether the taxpayer's dollars are runway so the plane was unable to set thorities. to be spent in accordance with the will down with safety and they had to fly It should be . noted that under the of the Congress, in furtherance of the over it, and the people who were on law as it now exists 25 percent of any needs of the States, or whether some board the airplane had to be incon- 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 299. venienced by being transported back by sole authority to allocate these funds for amounts we jointly recommended for some automobile or bus or some other means. specific airport projects in the several of these projects and ignored other recom­ mendations, to wit: I have always felt that the Nation as a states, and that the people at the State "We recommended $30,000 for Flint, and whole should be interested in the safety level have nothing to say about it. you granted them $60,000. of our airlines from point to point. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. As I "In the case of Grand Rapids, we recom­ And there is only one way that we are understand it, that is no criticism of the mended $90,000, and you increased the going to have that safety factor and present administration, because this amount to $190,000. that is to have airfields, so in case of policy is just held over from the other "Cities like Ironwood, Iron Mountain, and an emergency or necessity, they will be administration. Escanaba, all airline stops in the Upper able to land. I believe the CAA is ab­ Mr. BENNETT of Michigan. Well, Peninsula, were ignored, even though the lat­ we have been criticizing that policy on ter two cities have serious flyover problems. solutely wrong in their endeavors to try "Also ignored were the cities of Benton to allocate one-third of the entire ap­ this side of the aisle for the past 20 years. Harbor and St. Joseph, operating an airport propriation _which was allocated to the · I am sorry to say that our people in the jointly. They have an excellent airport ex­ State of Michigan to one airport. Department of Commerce are taking the pansion program which our commission gave Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. And same position that the people in the the No. 1 priority in our State airport plan that is where? Department of Commerce took prior to submitted to you in January of 1954 because Mr. KNOX. That is in the city of this administratio·n, insofar as the air­ of the potential air-freight business in mar­ Grand Rapids. port program is concerned. keting fruit and vegetables out of southwest Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. A letter ~ichigan. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. They "In addition, the city of Pontiac, with 125 are dipping into that 75 percent which expressing the views of at least two of based aircraft, requested the modest amount Congress said should go to the States my colleagues, addressed to the Secretary of $30,000 to construct a single paved landing and compelling it to be spent where they of Commerce and sent him yesterday, the strip, which was deleted by .you. want it to be spent. Is that not true? 12th of January, reads as follows: "The Michigan Aeronautics Commission is Mr. KNOX. Of course, now you get Th·e Honorable SINCLAIR WEEKs, meeting at 10 a. m. on October 14 at the into the situation of the discretionary Secretary oj Commerce, Capital City Airport, Lansing, and invite you fund. Washington, D. C. or a member of your Department to attend Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. That is DEAR MR. WEEKS: This letter is written you this meeting to explain your reasoning in in support of the position which we took increasing some of the allocations and ignor­ 25 percent. earlier this week at the meeting held in your ing others." Mr. KNOX. Normally Michigan re­ office to discuss the Federal-aid airport pro­ Again on December 8, 1954, the director ceives 25 percent. This year Michigan gram as it applies to the State of Michigan of the Michigan Department of Aeronautics receives no part of the discretionary for this fiscal year. wrote Mr. Lee, pointing out the fact that the fund that was set up-by congressional We think the Civil Aeronautics Adminis­ Administrator had changed the State recom­ act a year ago. Therefore, all we have tration bas made a serious-mistake in ignor­ mendations without consultation and re­ ing the recommendations of the Michigan iterating specifically that if Michigan was is the allocation of $551,000. The city only to receive $551,530 that it should be of Grand Rapids is receiving $190,000, Aeronautics Board, particularly in failing to follow recommendations of the State agency allocated as follcws: and of that $100,000 is going for land insofar as- the airports at Iron Mountain and Willow Run ______$80, 000 acquisition, where the land had been ac­ Escanaba are concerned. Lansing------'------..:.-- 66,000 quired years ago and paid for. Now the On August 16, 1954, the Michigan Depart­ Grand Rapids______90, 000 Civil Aeronautics Authority wants to ment of Aeronautics wrote the Civil Aero­ Detroit-Wayne Major______80,000 give Grand Rapids reimbursement of nautics Administrator setting up some recom­ Flint------30, 000 $100,000 instead of going forth as rec­ mendations based upon two assumptions. Muskegon ------65, 530 First, that the State would receive its allo­ Pontiac______30, 000 ommended by the Michigan Aeronautics Iron Mountain ______30,000 Commission, and have these additional cation under the regular formula, plus 25 percent in discretionary funds (which is the Benton Harbor-St. Joe ______50,000 airport facilities made available to take percentage ratio of these funds it had received care of the airlines. Escanaba------30, 000 in prior years) amounting to a figure of Total ______551,530 Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. In $659,000; and, second, a set of recommenda­ tions for the same airports based upon a pro­ Benton Harbor they have already spent Inasmuch as the above recommendations $130,000 for additional land, and have gram of completing a full unit of work, in by the Michigan agency are completely in not asked for reimbursement. They which event the total would have been line and fully meet the criteria established will give another $100,000 to match the $984,000.. At that time the State agency bad by the CAA, we can see no basis or justifica­ State's $100,000 if the bureaucrats here no definite information as to what Michi­ tion whatsoever for the CAA or the Depart­ gan's share would be. ment of Commerce substituting their judg­ in Washington will make good on that All of the recommendations were based on $50,000 that they have agreed to pay. ment for the judgment of the agency within the Civil Aeronautics Administration prior­ the State of Michigan designated to handle Mr. KNOX. That is as I understand ity-point system under criteria established our program. If the recommendations of it. by the CAA, even though the State agency the State agency are not to be followed when Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Have did not agree with the validity of the cri­ they are clearly made in accordance with you any worthwhile rail transportation teria thus established. Therefore, each of your established procedures, then the States there into Escanaba or Iron Mountain? the projects listed by the State agency do might well abolish their agencies and cease meet all of the CAA criteria and priority-point to function and let CAA do the whole job.. Mr. BENNETT of Michigan. We are system as well. having constant trouble, as communities We do not believe this was the intent of Con­ In the August 16 letter the State agency gress. If your Department is to completely throughout the Nation are having, with also stated "we strongly urge that you con­ dominate this program and ignore the peo­ railroads, over the discontinuance of so­ tact us before you make any major changes, ple at the State level, then Congress should called terminal runs. Of course each such as deletion from the program or a major amend the CAA Act as it did the Hospital time the Interstate Commerce Commis­ reduction in funds." For some reason un­ Construction and Survey Act, the Federal sion permits a railroad to discontinue known to them the CAA had no further con­ Aid to Highways Act, and many others to service on one of these terminal runs, sultation with the State agency, but went give the States some voice in the selection of • ahead and set up its own allocation, making projects upon which Federal funds are to be the people have to find another mode major changes in the recommendations by of transportation. One of the results spent. the State agency and made its announce­ Here you have a situation where the Civil has been an increase in air travel. But ~ent of these allocations on October 4, 1954. Aeronautics Administrator in his October 4 I want to associate myself with what the On October 7, immediately after the an­ order has design.ated over one-third of Michi­ gentleman from the Fourth District of nouncement came from CAA, the Michigan gan's entire allocation for the city of Grand Michigan has said on this problem, and Department of Aeronautics, through its di.. Rapids. Even if there were no other factors. to say this, that while we are discussing rector, wrote to Mr. Lee, the CAA Adminis­ involved, such a distorted allocation would primarily conditions in Michigan, some­ trator, vigorously protesting the changes be completely unfair to other areas in the thing is going on ,in the administration which had been made in the State's recom­ State. Of this $190,000, $100,000 is to be mendations of August 16, and specifically used to reimburse the city for land it pur­ of our airport program that Members took issue with the CAA as follows: chased sometime ago, and not for actual from other States perhaps ought to be "In your allocations, while you took proj­ construction of runways or operational interested in as well. That is the pres­ ects which had high priority, according to equipment. In order to make this recom­ ent attitude of the CAA, that it ha~ the your criteria, you substantially increased the mendation the CAA found it necessary to 300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 13 delete entt.rely $30,000 designated for the air­ cannot be found in the world a stronger uni­ We have on our.,doorstep ideological ports at Iron Mountain and Escanaba, re­ fying force. It is a miracle that decades weapons of proved e1I.ectiveness in the spectively. So, notwithstanding the fact 'ago Dr. Frank Buchman, initiator of MRA, that these two airports meet the complicated foresaw what has since become our most hot spots of the world struggle. I refer criteria established by your Depar:tment, they urgent need, and now can offer us a trained to the MRA plays being presented at are still to be excluded and the recommenda­ and disciplined international force with a the Shoreham Hotel tonight-Thurs­ tions of the. State agency ignored, in order to quarter century's experience in ideological day-and Friday night at 8: 30 p. m. give the city of Grand Rapids an unrealistic combat. 'I'hey have been seen by hundreds of share of the entire State allotment. To say thousands of leaders in Europe, Africa, that this action was unfair, in view of the He was speaking to the 1,200 delegates and Asia. The Bombay Chronicle said: urgent needs of other cities and communities, from 50 countries attending the World woUld be a gross understatement. Assembly for Moral Rearmament which For the first time millions in Asia have The fact that the airports are small does has been in progress at the Shoreham been confronted with a positive alternative not detract from their national importance Hotel. Among these were 11 Asian and to communism. or significance. In the case of Iron Moun­ 5 African countries, including the official The man who is doing possibly more tain and Escanaba there are only single run­ ways available. We need not call your at­ representatives of the Shah of Iran, the than any other in Kenya to answer Mau tention to our severe winters and variable Prime Minister of Egypt, and the Gov­ Mau found his answering ideology winds necessitating many fiyovers at these ernment of Thailand. I would like to through these plays. I suggest you may two airports because of the safety factors give you some of the statements made want to see these and consider how we involved. by distinguished parliamentarians at­ can help put them to use on a global The small sums which were recommended tending. scale. It seems to me that it is of first by the State agency would help in part to The Tolon Na, member of Parliament importance that we should study seri­ alleviate these very serious conditions at and political leader of 1% million people ously this force of Moral Rearmament these two airports. We hope that· you will cause a complete in the Gold Coast, said : which offers the democracies a moral review to be made of this whole situation, What Abraham Lincoln did for America, ideology upon which men of all races having in mind particularly that CAA made Moral Rearmament is doing for Africa. and classes are in fact uniting. its allocation in complete disregard of the State agency, and also having in mind the Cabinet Minister Michael Ogon from question of whether the people at the State Nigeria reports that his Prime Minister THE NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY level are to have something to say about Azikiwe, of eastern Nigeria stated: The SPEAKER. Under previous order where this money should be spent within There would be Mau Mau in Nigeria today their respective States, or whether the whole but for the work of Moral Rearmament. of the House, the gentleman from Ar­ program is to be controlled from here in kansas [Mr. HARRIS] is recognized for :Washington. The man representing 60 million un­ 10 minutes. We earnestly urge you to approve the allo­ touchables in the Indian Parliament, Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, one needs cations submitted by the State agency re­ P. N. Rajabhoj, said: only to observe the great struggle that is ferred to in this letter. Sincerely yours, Moral Rearmament is offering the millions presently going on at the Federal Power VICTOR A. KNOX, of India a positive alternative to commu­ Commission to obtain a definite impres­ Member of Congress, 11th District, nism. It is the one force that can keep our sion as to the chaotic condition that Michigan. nations free. exists in one of our great industries in JOHN B. BENNETT, From what this Italian ex-Communist this country, the natural-gas industry. Member of Congress, 12th District, The Federal Power Commission is wrest­ Michigan. told me, I would like to pay tribute to one of my constituents, William Bau­ ling with a problem that it did not ask The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ mann, the three Colwell brothers, of Los for and neither did it want. tleman from Michigan [Mr. HOFFMAN] Angeles, and other young Americans There is one thing that is certain, as I has expired. who have taken this program of Moral believe all will agree, and that is con­ Rearmament into the Communist-con­ fusion, indecision and chaos exists trolled industrial centers of northern throughout the industry which is des­ MORAL REARMAMENT Italy. For instance, they have spent tined to affect producers and consumers The SPEAKER. Under previous order many months living in the homes of of America if it is not resolved by Con­ of the House, the gentleman from Cali­ Italian workers in cities such as Sesto gress. There can be no better illustra­ fornia [Mr. SHEPPARD] is recognized for San Giovanni, popularly known as "lit­ tion than to take a look at the vast pile 10 minutes. tle Stalingrad." When these men first of reports which have been received and Mr. SHEPPARD. Mr. Speaker, into went there 4 years ago, the city was over which the Commission, with all of its my office this week came a man who had 80-percent Communist. They were in­ personnel, could not possibly get to with­ been a leader of the Communist Party strumental in changing many Commu­ in years should they undertake it. A in Italy and who used to write songs nists and in raising up a fearless leader­ further illustration is the hearing that for Togliatti, the head of the Italian ship among the democratic forces in has been going on this week before the Communist Party. He said he had the city. In the last election, when the Commission in an effort to find some changed from being a Communist be­ vote in the rest of Italy went further kind of a formula which apparently does cause he saw a new kind of American Communist, the democratic forces re­ not exist to meet this condition, which who gave him an ideology superior to versed the national trend and won Sesto has been brought about by judicial fiat. communism. Now if Americans are liv­ San Giovanni by 50 votes. A most interesting discussion took ing a way of life that is reaching and The personnel director of the Monte­ place here in the House only last Mon­ winning trained Communists, that is of catini Chemical Combine, Italy's largest day on this problem wherein some dozen profound importance for all of us in the chemical industry, says that American O!" more Members of this House partici­ free world today. economic assistance has proved 10 times pated, indicating the wide interest that That may be the ideological initiative as effective in the factories where Moral prevails. that can answer the dilemma between Rearmament has been at work. The manner by which this condition armed conflict or default to communism. It is an interesting fact that Moscow has developed, culminating perhaps If we can develop an ideological strategy radio recently broadcast for the ninth through the hearings ending today be­ to unite the West and change the Com­ time against the force of Moral Rearma­ fore the Federal Power Commission pres­ munists, that would assure that our eco­ ment. Moscow radio said: (mts a clear challenge-fundamental to nomic, political, and military appropri­ Moral Rearmament substitutes for the in­ free enterprise-which poses a threat to ations will be effective. evitable class struggle the eternal struggle industry and consumers alike. This changed Italian Communist is not of good and evil. It has the power to win There could be no clearer illustration an isolated instance. Right here in over radical revolutionary minds, and it has of the need for the Congress of the Washington last week the former Chair­ now entered on its decisive phase-total ex­ United States to again give definite and man of NATO, Mr. Ole Bjorn Kraft, pansion throughout the worlq. explicit expression to its intent by posi­ leader of the Danish Conservative Party, We all recognize that we are in an tive action in providing basic legislation said: ideological war. But have we ever affecting the natural-gas industry, than Moral Rearmament has the answer to the stopped to ask ourselves, "What are our that the impossibly complex task of price burning needs of the world today. There ideological weapons?'' regulation, with its threat to a vital na- 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 30l tional resource, should' not be extended Frances Kernan, representing rnA, EXTENSION OF REMARKS to the production phase· simply because bluntly told the Federal agency that an By unanimous consent, permission to the commodity enters into interstate earlier decision allowing a 6-percent re­ extend remarks in the REcoRD, or tore­ commerce. turn on gas reserves owned or developed vise and extend remarks, was granted to: The Federal Power Commission, which by transmission companies was "the Mr. REED of New York asked and was has the responsibility of administering greatest piece of crackpot regulation given permission to extend his remarks the law, has never so construed the Nat­ with which I am familiar." and to include certain schedules and ural Gas Act of 1938. But when this · Asserting that the fundamental in­ tables which is estimated by the Public interpretation of the administrative terest of the consumer is best served Printer to cost $474. agency, supported by the legislati~e his­ by encouraging exploration for new gas Mr. MoRANO and to include extraneous tory of the act, was challenged m the reserves, this spokesman for a major matter. Supreme Cour.t, a sharply divided opin­ source of industry financing concluded: Mr. VAN ZANDT (at the request of Mr. ion of our highest tribunal gave a man­ To take a chance on the future of con­ MORANO). date to the Commission to undertake sumers by not permitting the industry to Mrs. KEE and to include a statement. this new and novel task. continue on an arm's length bargaining Mr. HoRAN to revise and extend his re­ Again, I submit, Mr. Speaker, that the basis would, in my opinion, be playing with marks made in Committee and include record is clear that the Congress con­ fire. extraneous matter. templated no such extension of Federal May I add, Mr. Speaker, that such Mr. MAcK of Washington in two in­ regulation to the normal operation of recklessness involves not only the pri­ stances and to include extraneous mat­ producers. If this precedent were to vate interests of consumers and indus­ ter. stand unchallenged, there would be no try but the national defense itself. Mr. YOUNGER. reason why by the same method a simi­ I would also like to cite the statement Mr. TOLLEFSON (at the request of Mr. lar Federal price control might not be of the Peoples Gas System of Chicago, YoUNGER) and to include extraneous extended to the production of oil and representing a major distributing com­ matter. · coal, as competing fuels, or even to any pany which has 135,000 applicants on Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey and to other basic commodity. the waiting list for natural gas residen­ include a summary. The inuriediate effect of this departure tial heating. Its problem is duplicated Mr. BYRD and to include extraneous from our traditional policy is abundantly in many areas outside the principal pro­ matter. manifest in statements submitted by ducing States. Mr. FoRRESTER and to include a letter. representatives of all phases of the in­ "The public," the Chicago company Mr. ZABI;OCKI asked and was given per­ dustry. said, "will best be served by keeping the mission to extend his remarks in the Take, for example, the effect on the interstate phase of the production of RECORD and to include a report entitled credit position of the industry as it at­ the natural-gas business free of all price "Foreign Trade and Milwaukee" pre­ tempts to meet the growing demand for regulation," relying instead on "the free pared at his request by the Library of this fuel. Consumer demand has risen interplay of market forces to do the Congress notwithstanding that it is esti­ much faster than the expansion of re­ pricing job in a way most likely to as­ mated by the Public Printer to exceed the serve supplies even without the paralyz­ sure the continuing availability of ade­ limit and cost $740. ing hand of Federal price regulation in quate supplies." Mr. FLOOD. . this field. Yet, under free competition As a member of the District of Co· Mr. METCALF in two instances and to and arms' length bargaining, the price lumbia Committee as well as the Inter­ include extraneous matter. has remained relatively stable in com­ state and Foreign Commerce Committee Mr. PHILLIPS

of pay, and for other purposes; to the Co~· By Mr. WINSTEAD: States Code; to the Committee on the Ju­ mittee on Armed Services. H. R . 2229. A bill to continue existing price diciary. H. R. 2214. A bill to amend section 201 (e) supports, marketing quotas, and acreage al­ By Mr. MULTER: of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, as lotments at 1954 levels under present condi­ H. J. Res. 127. Joint resolution proposing amended, to provide for advance payments tions; to the Committee on Agriculture. an amendment to the Constitution of the of certain pay and allowances of members of H. R. 2230. A bill to increase marketing United States relative to equal rights for the uniformed services, and for other pur· quotas and acreage allotments, and for other men and women; to the Committee on the poses; to the Committee on Armed Services. purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture. Judiciary. H. R. 2215. A bill to amend the part of the By Mr. YOUNGER: By Mr. POLK: act entitled, "An act making appropriations H. R. 2231. A bill to create a Czechoslo­ H. J . Res. 128. Joint resolution to provide for the naval service for the fiscal year end­ vakian Claims Fund and to provide for the for the creation of an international food and ing June 30, 1921, and for other purposes," settlement of certain claims of United States raw materials reserve; to the Committee on approved June 4, 1920, as amended, relat­ nationals who have suffered severe losses and Foreign Affairs. ing to the conservation, care, custody, protec~ damages by reason of the nationalization or 'By Mr. REED of New York: tion, and operation of the naval petroleum other taking of their business or commercial H. J. Res. 129. Joint resolution proposing and oil-shale reserves; to the Committee on property by the Government of Czechoslo­ an equal-rights amendment to the Constitu­ Armed Services. vakia; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2216. A bill to amend the act of H. R. 2232. A bill to create a United States By Mr. ROBERT.S: June 19, 1948 (ch. 511, 62 Stat. 489), relat­ Academy of Foreign Service; to the Commit­ H. J. Res. 130. Joint resolution to increase ing to the ·retention in the service of dis­ tee on Foreign Affairs. 1955 cotton allotments of certain farms re­ abled commissioned officers and warrant of­ H. R. 2233. A bill to amend the War Claims ceiving five acres or less; to the Committee ficers of the Army and Air Force; to the Com­ Act of 1948, as amended; to the Committee on Agriculture. mittee on Armed Services. on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. RODINO: H. R. 2217. A bill to amend the Universal By Mr. YOUNGER (by request): H. J. Res. 131. Joint resolution requesting Military Training and Service Act, as H. R. 2234. A bill to authorize the Presi­ the President to proclaim a National Mate­ amended, to remove the requirement for a dent to issue posthumously in the name of rials Handling Week; to the Committee on final physical examination for inductees who George Washington a commission as General the Judiciary. continue on active duty in another status in -of the Armies, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. SAYLOR: the Armed Forces; to the Committee on Committee on Armed Services. H. J. Res. 132. Joint resolution regarding Armed Services. By Mr. THOMPSON of Texas: the revocation of certain reclamation proj­ H. R. 2218. A bill to authorize at the United H. J. Res. 116. Joint resolution to utilize ects for which construction funds have not States Military Academy and at the United underplanted cotton acreage to correct in­ been appropriated; to the Committee on States Air Force Academy an additional equities especially on family operated farms; Interior and Insular Affairs. permanent professor, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture. B'y Mr. THOMAS: to the Committee on Armed Services. By Mr. BARRET!': H. J. Res. 133. Joint resolution authorizing H. R. 2219. A bill to amend section 508 of H. J. Res. 117. Joint resolution proposing the President to invite the States of the the Career Compensation Act of 1949, as an amendment to the Constitution of the Union and foreign countries to participate in amended, relating to the compensation of United States relative to equal rights for the International Industrial Exposition to cadets and midshipmen; to the Committee men and women; to the Committee on the be held at Houston, Tex., May 3 through 8, on Armed Services. Judiciary. 1955; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. H. R. 2220. A bill to clarify the status of By Mr. BELL: By Mr. VANZANDT: citizens or nationals of the Republic of the H. J. Res. 118. Joint resolution to utilize H. J. Res. 134. Joint resolution proposing Philippines who are retired members of the underplanted cotton acreage to correct in­ an amendment to the Constitution of the uniformed services and who hold offices of equities on famFy farms; to the Committee United States relative to equal rights for profit or trust under the Republic of the on Agriculture. men and women; to the Committee on the Philippines, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. BOSCH: Judiciary. Committee on Armed Services. H. J. Res. 119. Joint resolution declaring By Mr. WALTER: By Mr. WAINWRIGHT: Inauguration Day to be a legal holiday; to H. J. Res. 135. Joint resolution proposing H. R. 2221. A bill that thi.s act may be the Committee on the Judiciary. an amendment to the Constitution to re­ cited as the "Individual Retirement Act of By Mr. ELLIOTT: define treason; to the Committee on the 1955"; to the Committee on Ways and Means. H . J. Res. 120. Joint resolution to provide Judiciary. for an increased acreage allotment for the H. R. 2222. A bill to amend the Standard By Mr. WINSTEAD: 1955 cotton crop; to the Committee on Agri­ H. J. Res. 136. Joint resolution to compen­ Time Act of March 19, 1918, so as to pro.:. culture. vide that standard time shall be the meas­ sate for estimated underplanting of the 1955 By Mr. GRANAHAN: cotton allotments; to the Committee on ure of time for all purposes and to es­ H. J. Res. 121. Joint resolution proposing tablish daylight-saving time throughout au Agriculture. an amendment to the Constitution of the By Mr. BOSCH: time zones; to the Committee on Interstate United· States relative to equal rights for and Foreign Commerce. 'lll.en and women; to the Committee on the H. Con. Res. 27. Concurrent resolution rec­ By Mr. WALTER: Judiciary. ommending a new 60-natJ.on conference to H. R. 2223. A bill to provide for the ascer­ By Mr. HALE (by request): consider the advisability of reorganization, tainment of claims of American citizens for H. J. Res. 122. Joint resolution designating revision, and amendment of the Charter of spoliations committed by the French prior the fourth Saturday of August of each year the United Nations; to the Committee on to the 31st day of July, 1801; to the Com- as Children's Day in sports; to the Com­ Foreign Affairs. mittee on the Judiciary. · mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. THOMPSON of Louisiana: By Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi:. By Mr. GWINN: H. Res. 86. Resolution to authorize the H. R. 2224. A bill relating to the exchange H. J. Res. 123. Joint resolution proposing Committee on Post Office and Civil Service to of certain properties for purposes of the an amendment to the Constitution of the investigate and study the publication and Vicksburg National Military Park, and for United States relative to prohibiting the distribution of offensive and undesirable other purposes; to the Committee on In­ United States Government from engaging in books; to the Committee on Rules. terior and Insular Affairs. business in competition with its citizens; By Mr. THORNBERRY: H. R. 2225. A bill to amend section 401 to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Res. 87. Resolution creating a select (e) (2) of the Civil Aeronautics Act, as By Mr. LONG: committee to conduct an investigation and amended; to the Committee on Interstate H. J. Res. 124. Joint resolution placing study of the problems involved in control­ and Foreign Commerce. certain individuals who served in the Armed ling illicit traffi.c in narcotic drugs and mari­ By Mr. WILSON of California: Forces of the United States in the 'Mora ,huana; to the Committee on Rules. H. R. 2226. A bill to provide a United Province, including Mindanao, and in the States aviation ensign for display on air­ islands of Leyte and Samar after July 4, 1902, and their survivors, in the same status as craft and at airfields, to serve as · a symbol PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS that America gave the world the airplane; those who served in the Armed Forces during to the Committee· on Interstate and Foreign the Philippine Insurrection and their sur­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private vivors~ to the Committee on Veterans' Af- bills and resolutions were introduced Commerce. fairs. · H. R. 2227. A bill relating to the annual ad­ By Mr. McDONOUGH: and severally referred as follows: justment of the basic pay of members of the H. J. Res. 125. Joint resolution proposing By Mr. ADDONIZIO: uniformed services; to the Committee on an amendment to the Constitution of the H. R. 2235. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Armed Services. United States relative to equal rights for Margarete Gick Scordas; to the Committee By Mr. WILSON of Indiana: men and women; to the Committee on the on the Judiciary. H. R. 2228. A bill to prevent discrimina­ Judiciary. By Mr. ALBERT: tion against fiscal year taxpayers with respect By Mr. MILLER of Californ1a: H. R. 2236. A bill for the rellef of Mary to depletion allowance; to the Committee H. J. Res. 12-6. Joint resolution to amend Rose and Mrs. Alice Rose Spittler; to the on Ways and Means. section 84 (a) (2) of title 28 of the United Committee on the .Judiciary. CI--20 306 ·cONGRESSIONAL... RECQRD -- HOUSE January 13_ H. R. 2237. A bill for the relief of Robert dren, Ayshe, Suleyman, Orhan, and Osman;· By Mrs. KELLY of New York: E. Hatridge; to the Committee on the Ju• to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2291. A bill for the relief of Sophie diciary. · ' H. R. 2266. A bill for the relief of Maurice K. Valmas; to the Committee on the Judi­ By Mr. ADDONIZIO: ·· Mumford; to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. H. R . 2238. A bill for the rellef of Giuseppe ciary. By Mr. KEOGH: Greco; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ;., · H. R . 2267. A bill for the relief of Morton H. R. 2292. A bill for the relief of George H. R. 2239. A bill for the relief of Dr. Ben- J. Krakow; to the Committee on the Ju­ Zogos; to the Committee on the Judiciary. jamin Blumenfeld Fielding; to the Commit- diciary. H. R. 2293. A bill for the relief of Aristotelis tee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2268. A bill for the relief of Capt. A. Karapanagiotis; to the Committee on the By Mr. ALLEN of California: Walter C. Wolf; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2240. A bill for the relief of Oy Wan Judiciary. H. R. 2294. A bill for the relief of Ho Kon Leung, also known as Margarita Oy Wan H . R . 22·69. A bill for the relief of William Chun; to the Committ ee on the Judiciary. Chan; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Spowers, Jr.; to the Committee on the H. R. 2295. A bill for the relief of Ho Dong H. R. 2241. A bill for the relief of Amalia Judiciary. Ne; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Bertolino Querio; to the Committee on the By Mr. DAVIDSON (by request): By Mr. KILBURN: Judiciary. H. R. 2270. A bill for the relief of Nicholas H. R . 2296. A bill for the relief of Simone H. R. 2242. A bill for the relief of Kim Skoufis (Nicolas Soufis); to the Committee Gilliland; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Joong Yoon; to the Committee on the Judi- on the Judiciary. H . R . 2297. A bill for the relief of Leyla ciary. By Mr. DEROUNIAN: Seyman McGovern; to the Committee on the H . R. 2243. A bill for the relief of Ruben H. R. 2271. A bill for the relief of Chara- Judiciary. · Barrow; to the Committee on the Judiciary. lampos Socrates Iossifoglu, Nora Iossifoglu, By Mr. KLEIN: H. R. 2244. A bill for the relief of the Helen Iossifoglu, and Efrossini Iossifoglu; H. R. 2298. A bill for the relief of Giuseppe estate of Joseph Alfonso; to the Committee to the Committee on the Judiciary. Staropoli; to the Committee on the ·Judiciary. on the Judiciary. By Mr. DOWDY: By Mr. 'KLUCZYNSKI: H . R. 2245. A bill for the relief of George H. R. 2272. A bill for the relief of Aida I. H . R. 2299. A bill for the relief of Robert Petrossian Minassians, Albertouhi Petrossian Totah; to the Committee on the Judiciary. M. Paulus; to the Committee on the Judi­ Minassians, Eda Petrossian Minassians, By Mr. DURHAM: ciary. Vahag Petrossian Minassians; to the Com- H. R. 2273. A bill for the relief of Der By Mr. LANE: mittee on the Judiciary. Chuck Yee and Wu Mei On; to the Commit- H . R. 2300. A bill for the relief of Antonio H. R. 2246. A bill for the relief of Andrew tee on the Judiciary. Aste; to the Committee ·on the Judiciary. W. Garfield; to the Committee on the Ju- By Mrs. FARRINGTON: H. R. 2301. A bill for the relief of Battista · diciary. H . R. 2274. A bill for the relief of Alejan- Rosso; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2247. A bill for the relief of Peter M. dro Florentino Munoz; to the Committee on By Mr. LANHAM: Mihalovici; to the Committee on the Judi- the Judiciary. H. R. 2302. A bill for the relief of Con­ ciary. By Mr. FASCELL: stantinos Demetrias Petropoulous, sometimes H. R, 2248. A bill for the relief of Jose :a:. R. 2275. A bill for the relief of Barbara known as Petropol; to the Committee on the Cristiano Vieira; to the Committee on the D. Colthurst; to the Committee on the Ju- Judiciary. Judiciary. diciary. By Mr. LATHAM: H. R. 2249. A bill for the relief of Mir By Mr. FEIGHAN: H. R. 2303. A bill for the relief of Alessan­ Kazem Kashani; to the Committee on the H. R. 2276. A bill for the relief of Vida dro, Carmela, Pasqualina, Massimo, and Judiciary. Kosnik; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Michele D'Antonio; to the Committee on H. R. 2250. A bill for the relief of Cesar By Mr. FLOOD: the Judiciary. Grana; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2277. A bill for the relief of Mr. and H . R. 2304. A bill for the relief of John H . R . 2251. A bill for the relief of Michael Mrs. Anastasios Loukas; to the Committee On Pong Young and Mrs. Ivy Elana Ho Asjoe Alexis Melgunow; to the Committee on the on the Judiciary. Young; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. By Mr. GRANAHAN: H. R. 2305. A bill for the relief of Fatulla, H. R. 2252. A bill for the relief of Celia H. R. 2278. A bill for the relief of Consuelo Agha Bibi, Albert, and David Amini; to the Estebanez; to the Committee on the Judi- Calderon de Villarreal; to the Committee on Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. the Judiciary. H. R. 2306. A bill for the relief of Maria de H. R. 2253. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2279. A bill for the relief of Sister Rehbinder; to the Committee on the Judi· Young See Louie; to the Committee on the Mary Berarda; to the Committee on the . ciary. Judiciary. Judiciary. H. R. 2307. A bill for the relief of Julius, By Mr. ANFUSO: By Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania: Ilona, and Henry Flehner; to the Committee H. R. 2254. A bill for the relief of Eugene H. R. 2280. A bill for the relief of Elly on the Judiciary. Herskovitz and Mrs. Elly Herskovitz; to the Akilloglou; to the Committee on the Ju- Committee on the Judiciary. diciary. H. R . 2308. A bill for the relief of Anna D'Oria; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2255. A bill for the relief of Matteo H. R. 2281. A bill for the relief of Arnold By Mr. LESINSKI; Crupi; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Rosenthal; to the Committee on the Ju- H. R. 2256. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2309. A bill for the relief of Giuseppe Nehama Buchwald; to the Committee on the diciary. Bossio; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. H. R. 2282. A bill for the relief of Rev. By Mr. LIPSCOMB: By Mr. AUCHINCLOSS: Thomas Kolakowski; to the Committee on H. R. 2310. A bill for the relief of Magda­ H. R. 2257. A bill for the relief of Abdol the Judiciary. lena F. Bristol; to the Committee on the Ali Moghbel; to the Committee on the Judi- By Mr. HAYS of Arkansas: Judiciary. ciary. H. R. 2283. A bill for the relief of Wil- H. R . 2311. A bill for the relief of Carl A. By Mr. BALDWIN: helmus Marius Van der Veur; to the Com- Willson; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2258. A bill for the relief of Luis mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. MILLER of California: Jaramillo-Rosas; to the Committee on the By Mr. HENDERSON: H. R. 2312. A bill for the relief of Paul E. Judiciary. · H. R. 2284. A bill for the relief of Maj. Sevigny; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BARRETT: Robert D. Lauer; to the Committee on the H . R. 2313. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2259. A bill for the relief of Ales- Judiciary. Agnethe Gundhil Sundby; to the Committee sandra Barile Altobelli; to the Committee By Mr. HOFFMAN of Illinois: on the Judiciary. on the Judiciary. H. R. 2285. A bill · for the relief of Marie H. R. 2314. A bill for the relief of Antonio H. R. 2260. A bill for the relief of Vittorio Lim Tsien; to the Committee on the Judi­ Cottone; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Anici, Jr.; to the Committee on the Judi­ ciary. ciary. By Mr. BATES: H. R. 2286. A bill for the relief of Lubomir H. R. 2261. A bill for the relief of Giuseppe H. R . 2315. A bill for the relief of Antonio Pejsa; to the Committee on the Judiciary. (Orejel) Cardenas; to the Committee on the Carollo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2287. A bill for the relief of Gregory By Mr. BATES (by request): Judiciary. Livas; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2262. A bill for the relief of Luigi H. R. 2316. A bill for the relief of Charlie Caddeo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. HORAN: Sylvester Correll; to the Committee on the By Mr. BOGGS: H. R. ?288. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Judiciary. H. R. 2263. A bill for the relief of Mother Sylvia Simonson; to the Committee on the By Mr. MILLER of Maryland: Maria Maestre Marcos and Mother Bernarda Judiciary. H. R . 2317. A bill for the relief of Paolo Clemente Cosqui; to the Committee on the By Mr. JENKINS: Longo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. H. R. 2289. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Mar­ By Mr. MORANO: By Mr. BROYHILL (by request): jorie Fligor (nee Sproul}; to the Committee H. R . 2318. A bill for the relief of Osvaldo H . R . 2264. A bill for the relief of Gertrude on the Judiciary. Augusto Riba or Riba-Casal; to the Com­ Maria Gugerel; to the Committee on the Ju­ By Mr. JOHNSON of California: . mittee on the Judiciary. diciary. H. R. 2290. A bill for the relief of Pedro H. R. 2319. A bill for the relief of Pericles H. R. 2265. A bill for the relief of Freidun Fermin Bade; to the Committee on the G. Callimanopoulos and his family; to the Kurt Andolsun, his wife, Munevver, and chil- Judiciary. Committee on the Judiciary. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 307 By Mr. MORGAN: By Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin: H. R. 2356. A bill for the relief of Pal H. R. 2320. A bill for the relief of Marietta H. R. 2338. A bill for the relief of Charles Shiu Chuan; to the Committee on the Ju­ DiLiberto (nee Bevacqua}; to the Committee F. Bullette; to the Committee on the Judi­ diciary. on the Judiciary. ciary. H. R. 2357. A bill for the relief of James H. R. 2321. A bill for the relief of Evangelos H. R. 2339. A bill for the relief of Monika Moustakas; to the Committee on the Judi­ Foradis; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Schefbanker; to the Committee on the Ju­ ciary. H. R. 2322. A bill to record the lawful ad­ diciary. H:-R. 2358. A bill for the relief of Pietro mission to the United States for permanent H. R. 2340. A bill for the relief of Edward Murgia; to the Committee on the Judiciary. residence of Fortunato Salamone; to the V. DeFreitas; to the Committee on the Ju­ H. R. 2359. A bill for the relief of Bernhard Committee on the Judiciary. diciary~ Butsch; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2323. A bill for the relief of Mrs. By Mrs. SULLIVAN (by request): H. R. 2360. A bill for the relief of Gloria Eirini Basili Pagonis; to the Committee on H. R. 2341. A bill for the relief of Sister Fan; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mary Coronita Dacanay; to the Committee H. R. 2361. A bill for the relief of Eliza­ the Judiciary. beth Ann Giampietro; to the Committee on H. R. 2324. A bill for the relief of Helen on the Judiciary. By Mr. TEAGUE of California: the Judiciary. Zafred Urbanic; to the Committee on the H. R. 2362. A bill for the relief of Emanuel Judiciary. H. R. 2342. A bill for the relief of Robert Frangescos; to the Committee on the Judi­ H. R. 2325. A bill for the relief of Joseph B. Cooper; to the Committee on the Judi­ ciary. Santo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. H. R. 2363. A bill for the relief of Lino By Mr. MOSS: By Mr. VANZANDT (by request): Santi and his wife, Dinora Santi, nee Bales­ H. R. 2326. A bill for the relief of Mitsuko H. R. 2343. A bill for the relief of Shiou­ tri; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Miyaoka; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Chuan Sun and E-tu Zen Sun; to the Com­ H. R. 2364. A bill for the relief of Aldo H. R. 2327. A bill for the relief of Mah Ying mittee on the Judiciary. Martini and his wife, Maria Martini, nee Og; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WAINWRIGHT: Balestri; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. OSMERS: H. R. 2344. A bill for the relief of Arcan­ By Mr. WALTER (by request): H. R. 2328. A bill for the relief of Geralda gelo Gustaferro; to the Committee on the H. R. 2365. A bill for the relief of Viktor Lillo and Karl Heinz Lillo; to the Committee . Judiciary. Palango, Agnes Palango, and Toivo Palango; on the Judiciary. H. R. 2345. A bill for the relief of Jean to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky: Henri Buchet; to the Committee on the By Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi: H. R. 2329. A bill for the relief of Kurt Judiciary. H. R. 2366. A bill for the relief of Guy H. Glaser; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2346. A bill for the relief of John Davant; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2330. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Ju­ P. Farrar; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WILLIAMS of New York: lian C. Barlowe; to the Committee on the H. R. 2347. A bill for the relief of Hein­ H. R. 2367. A bill for the relief of Joseph Judiciary. rich Wolfgang; to the Committee on the Diana; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. By Mr. YATES: · By Mr. ROOSEVELT: H. R. 2368. A bill for the relief of Ranka H. R. 2331. A bill for the relief of Angela H. R. 2348. A bill for the relief of Theo­ Pejovic Gajic; to the Committee on the Judi­ Bottkos de Karaday, Laszlo Karaday, Gyongi dora Sammartino; to the Committee on the ciary. Karady, Laszlo Karady, Jr.; to the Commit­ Judiciary. tee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WALTER: By Mr. SIKES: H. R. 2349. A bill for the relief of Charles PETITIONS, ETC. H. R. 2332. A bill for the relief of Duncan S. Youngcourt; to the Committee on the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions McQuagge; to the Committee on the Judi­ Judiciary. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk ciary. H. R. 2350. A bill for the relief of Harry and referred as follows: H. R. 2333 . A bill for the relief of Mrs. Jose­ Vondas; to the Committee on the Judiciary. phine Greis Ockenfels Rice; to the Commit­ H. R. 2351. A bill for the relief of Harry 52. By Mr. HAYS of Arkansas: Petition of tee on the Judiciary. Vondas; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Women's Christian Temperance Union, H. R. 2334. A bill for the relief of Constan­ Conway, Ark., expressing approval of legisla­ H. R. 2352. A bill for the relief of Diml­ tion which would prohibit advertising of al­ tin Phedon Manoli; to the Committee on the trios Stavros Kapsalis; to the Committee on Judiciary. coholic beverages in interstate commerce; the Judiciary. to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign H. R. 2335. A b111 for the relief of Magda H. R. 2353. A bill for the relief of John Manoli; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Commerce. Odabashian, doctor of medicine; to the Com­ 53. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the city By Mr. SIMPSON of Illinois: . mittee on the Judiciary. clerk, Chicago, tn., urging Federal aid for H. R. 2336. A bill for the relief of John B. H. R. 2354. A bill for the relief of Basil reconstruction of highway bridges involved Sutter; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Theodossiou; to the Committee on the Ju­ in the Calumet-Sag project and giving assur­ By Mr. SIMPSON of Pennsylvania: diciary. ance concerning the Indiana Avenue Bridge H. R. 2337. A bill for the relief of Lothar G. H. R. 2355. A bill for the relief of Maria over the Calumet River; to the Committee See_ger; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Englesis; to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Public Works. ·

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

A Program of Financial Aid to Students The Federal Government has now, as of young people who, though qualified in Higher Education and the Crisis in it has had in the past, an active re­ in all other respects, are financially un­ sponsibility for the education of our able to continue their education. The Western Leadership youth. This means not only institu­ active participation of the Federal Gov­ tional support as under the Morrill ernment may be needed in a variety of EXTENSION OF REMARKS Land-Grant College and University Act ways, for instance, to assist in identi­ OF of 1862, and special programs on a re­ fying needy students who should be gional basis in such fields as public health helped. HON. FRANK THOMPSON, JR. and veterinary medicine, but also a con­ It should be obvious to everyone that OF NEW JERSEY cern for the post-high-school education the minimum need for this Nation in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of this Nation's students, who are not the world of today is to hold its own in able, otherwise, to continue their formal all ways against Russian communism Thursday, January 13, 195.5 schooling. The Federal Government's and to attempt to win friends in other Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr. responsibility is not merely residual, as countries. These efforts must include Speaker, I am joining with the distin­ has been maintained by some who have all fields of knowledge such as the nat­ guished gentleman from Alabama, CARL held important national positions dur­ ural and social sciences and the humani­ ELLIOTT, in sponsoring a bill to establish ing the past 2 years but must, for the ties. a program of financial aid to students good of the Nation, be conceived of as a In 1900 the United States spent $2 in higher education. This bill was first dynamic one where the national inter-est per capita on general governmental developed by the United States Office is directly involved. Federal funds tasks as compared to ·$1 per capita on of Education about 2 years ago in coop­ should be available for this purpose education. In 1953 the Federal educa­ eration with some 30 leading national where State and local support is lacking tiona1 effort was $76 per capita while organizations in the field of education. in view of the fact of the high percentage general Federal expenditures, including