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Ubuntu Installationinstallation UbuntuUbuntu InstallationInstallation DarkoDarko PalicPalic [email protected]@jugs.org Was kann Ubuntu (Linux) nicht? Outlook-vergleichbare Smartphone/PIM Integration mit Klimmzügen doch “Mal kurz” erworbene und brandneu Hardware unterstützen Laptops, Scanner, Drucker, Webcams, TV-Karten, UMTS-Modems, WLAN- Karten, ... Windowsprogramme starten mit Einschränkungen doch: wine Alles besser als Windows Bluescreens anzeigen ;-) 2 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Editionen Desktop CD GUI-Installer Textbased-Installer Zielsysteme: PCs, Laptops mit graphischer Oberfläche Server CD Textbased-Installer Zielsysteme: Server ohne graphischer Oberfläche Alternate CD Textbased-Installer mit sehr vielen Setup-Optionen für Spezialisten/Administratoren Zielsysteme: vorkonfigurierte Clients/Server, OEM-Systeme Jeweils verfügbar in x86 (32 bit) AMD64/x64 (64 bit) 3 Ubuntu Installationsvarianten GUI-Installer sehr einfach zu nutzender fensterbasierter Installer Bedienung erfolgt mit Maus und Tastatur Textbasierter Installer einfach zu bediendender konsolen/textbasierter Installer Bedienung erfolgt mit Tastatur mehr Setup-Details werden während der Installation abgefragt Upgradeinstaller für Ubuntu 6.06 LTS und 7.10 Installer ermöglicht ein Upgrade eines vorhandenen System in der Version 6.06 LTS oder 7.10 auf den aktuellen Stand WUBI (neu seit 8.04) Ebenfalls sehr einfach zu bedienender Installer, der Ubuntu in eine vorhandene Windowspartition installiert. 4 Ubuntu Installationsvarianten Startoptionen LiveCD mit GUI-Installer GUI-Installer CD auf Übertragungs- und Brennfehler prüfen RAM testen Alles ignorieren und bisheriges System von Festplatte starten Mit F4 weitere Änderungen am Installerverhalten Normal (default) für GUI-Installer Safe graphics mode Installer für unwillige Grafikkarten OEM Installer mit sehr viele Setup-Optionen 5 Setup-Empfehlungen Backup vom aktuellen System anlegen! Setup- und Systemsprache Englisch für leichtere Fehlersuche im Web Region Deutschland Tastaturlayout Deutsch Partitionierung SWAP Partition ca. doppelte RAM-Größe Systempartition mind. 10 GB besser 20-40 GB Datenpartition (optional) Geduld mitbringen (wenn Setup nicht sauber durchläuft) 6 Demo Ubuntu-Installations Demo Ubuntu Update Demo 7 Netzwerkeinrichtung Network Manager (network-admin) http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Network-Manager WLAN Unterstützung heikel! Unterstütze WLAN-Hardware https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported http://live.gnome.org/NetworkManagerHardware 8 Wie finde und installiere ich Software? Wo finde ich passende Software http://packages.ubuntu.com Repositories Main (Ubuntu Hauptzweig), restricted (Treiber), universe (Community gepflegt), multiverse (proprietäre Software) Synaptic Menü System \ Administration \ Synaptic Package Manager Repositories einrichten Suche gnome-app-install Gruppierungen Menü Applications \ Add/Remove... Wie installiere ich Software Synaptic gnome-app-install apt-get install bzw. dpkg -i 9 Nützliches (Demo) Windowsfonts nachinstallieren (msttcorefonts) Midnight Commander sudo less als tail mit highlighting less (eingeben) /<suchstring> (in less eintippen) Shift-f drücken Logfiles (/var/log/) Konsolen umschalten mit Strg-Alt-Fx bash Tab-Extension und Alt-Backspace 10 Nützliches (Demo) Wine http://www.winehQ.org Codecs http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Codecs Proxy Variablen für Konsolenprogramme (z.B. apt) export http_proxy="http://192.168.0.141:3128” Shell mit Rootrechten sudo su - Befehl mit Rootrechten sudo <meinBefehlDirekt> Bootloadersettings /boot/grub/menu.lst Weiteres Repository, nicht von Ubuntu gepflegt (wie z.B. Acrobat Reader) in Synaptic als weiteres Repository eintragen deb http://packages.medibuntu.org hardy free non-free 11 Typische Problemhardware 3D-Grafikkarte WLAN Drucker LAN Scanner Modem (analog/UMTS) Bluetooth und Gerätekopplung 12 Hardwareinformationen lshw (lspci, lsusb, lspcmcia) Wird meine Hardware unterstützt? https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Hardwaredatenbank https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LaptopTestingTeam http://www.linux-on-laptops.com http://www.tuxmobil.org http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/ThinkWiki Hardwaregeräte unter Linux sind Devices Diese sind unter /dev zu finden Festplatten: /dev/sd<buchstabe><paritionszahl> bzw. auf älteren Rechner /dev/hd<buchstabe><paritionszahl> DVD: /dev/dvd, /dev/sr0 13 Hardwareempfehlungen? Allgemeine Empfehlung: Hardware kaufen, die mind. 6 Monaten auf dem Markt ist. Bei ausgefallener Hardware wie z.B. Huwai UMTS noch länger Vor Kauf informieren ob Hardware unterstützt wird Notebooks IBM/Lenovo meist sehr gut unterstützt. (Andere Marken insb. Dell ziehen nach) Intelbasierte Hardware meist sehr gut unterstützt Nvidia-Treiber immer noch ein Tick besser unterstützt ATI wird seit AMD-Übernahme besser Bei künftigen Kaufentscheidung Linux-Support berücksichtigen Kunde ist König? Momentan ist es Windows Treiberkönig! 14 Grafikkarten Vor der Installation /etc/ sichern! tar jcvf ~/meineEtcSicherung.tar.bz2 /etc/ OpenSource Treiber ATI (radeon) NVIDIA (nv) Intel (i740, i810, intel) Proprietäre Treiber ATI (fglrx) Nvidia (nvidia) 15 Wo gibt es Hilfe? Web https://help.ubuntu.com/ IRC Server: irc.freenode.net:6667 Channel: #ubuntu Vollständige Liste: http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/chatirc Forum http://ubuntuforums.org Mailingliste http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/mailinglists Wiki https://wiki.ubuntu.com 16 Fragen ? Darko Palic [email protected] 17 Pufferthemen Ssh-keygen Grub Struktur /etc /var Mountpoints 18.
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