Research on the Measurement of Manufacturing Industry Integration Level of Shandong Capital City Cluster
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E3S Web of Conferences 214, 02037 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021402037 EBLDM 2020 Research on the Measurement of Manufacturing Industry Integration Level of Shandong Capital City Cluster Yang Zhao1 a 1Shandong Management University Jinan, China Abstract: This paper analyzes the integration level of regional manufacturing industry by measuring the similarity coefficient of manufacturing industry structure and regional division index between Jinan, the capital city of Shandong province, and other cities in the region from 2012 to 2017. From 2012 to 2017, the similarity coefficient of industrial structure of Shandong capital city cluster is declining; the regional division index is rising; and the industrial transformation of Jinan in the region has made remarkable progress, which is conducive to the continuous improvement of regional integration level. fierce, which will lead to regional protection between 1 INTRODUCTION regions. On the other hand, if the similarity coefficient of industrial structure between regions is too low, the The level of industrial integration is an important industrial synergy between regions must be poor, and the indicator to measure the level of regional integration. industrial connection between regions will not be According to economic theory, regional division of labor strong[1]. The calculation formula of industrial structure is a spatial form of social division of labor, while similarity coefficient is as follows: industrial division is an organizational form of regional division of labor. Regional division of labor according to (1) their own resource endowments can improve production ∑=1 2 2 efficiency. Shandong capital city cluster includes Jinan, In this Formula = √(,∑ S=ij1 is the)(∑ =similarity1 ) coefficient of Zibo, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Tai'an, Laiwu, and Zouping, industrial structure of two regions in the area, Xik, Xjk, six prefecture-level cities and one county-level city, with respectively, are the ratio of k industry in the industrial a total population of 30.91 million by 2017 and an area of structure of region i and the ratio of k industry in the 43000 square kilometers. Taking Jinan as the center, the industrial structure of region j. The value range of Sij is provincial capital city cluster is a typical generally 0 ~ 1. The smaller the value of Sij is, the more "center-periphery" spatial mode. Since the different the industrial structure is between the two implementation of the model, regional coordination and regions. The closer Sij is to 1, the higher the industrial integration has made remarkable progress, but there are structure similarity is between the two regions. still some areas leave much to be desired in the process of development. This paper attempts to analyze the regional B. Regional Division of Labor Index integration progress of the capital city cluster in Shandong Since Paul R. Krugman put forward the index of province from the perspective of industrial integration. regional division of labor, the index of regional division of labor has become an important index to measure regional integration. The calculation formula of regional 2 THE SETTING OF INDUSTRIAL INTEGRATION division index is as follows[2][3]: INDEX (2) In this paper, similarity coefficient of industrial structure In the formula, S is the regional division index of and index of regional division of labor are used to S =jk∑ =1 | − | region j and region k; q and q are the total industrial measure the industrial integration level of the cities in the k j output value of the two regions respectively, and q and capital city cluster of Shandong province. ik qij are the output value of industry i of the two regions A. Similarity Coefficient of Industrial Structure respectively. Sjk value ranges from 0 to 2. If the industrial The similarity coefficient of industrial structure is structures of the two regions are identical, the index is 0; used to measure the similarities and differences of if the industrial structures of the two regions are industrial structure between regions. If the similarity of completely different, the index is 2. industrial structure between regions is very high, the industrial competition between regions must be very [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 214, 02037 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021402037 EBLDM 2020 3 THE MEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL China's manufacturing industry is divided into 31 categories. The manufacturing output value of each city in INTEGRATION LEVEL OF THE CAPITAL CITY the capital city cluster of Shandong province is mainly CLUSTER IN SHANDONG PROVINCE concentrated in the top 29 categories. Due to the changes of industry classification standard over the years, this The data of this paper comes from the statistical yearbook paper adjusts the classifications of some manufacturing of each city in the capital city cluster of Shandong industry to ensure the consistency of the industry statistics province. Because Zouping is a county-level city, the data over the years. After the adjustment, the scale of its manufacturing industry is too small compared manufacturing industries in the capital city cluster of with other prefecture-level cities, it is not considered in Shandong province are divided into 26 categories, which the comparison. According to the industry classification are as follows: standard set by China National Bureau of Statistics, TABLE I. CATEGORIES OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN THE CAPITAL CITY CLUSTER OF SHANDONG PROVINCE Industry category Industry category Industry category Industry category Petroleum processing, Agricultural and sideline textile industry Furniture manufacturing coking, and nuclear fuel food processing industry processing industry Textile clothing, clothing Chemical raw materials and Paper making and paper Food manufacturing industry, chemical fiber chemical products manufacturing manufacturing industry manufacturing industry Leather, fur, feather and their Wine, beverage, and refined Printing and recording media Pharmaceutical products, and footwear tea manufacturing reproduction industry manufacturing industry Culture and education, Wood processing and wood, industry and beauty, sports Rubber and plastic products Tobacco products industry bamboo, rattan, palm, and and entertainment products industry grass products industry manufacturing industry Nonmetallic mineral products General equipment Nonferrous metal smelting Transportation equipment industry manufacturing and rolling industry manufacturing industry Manufacturing of computer, Ferrous metal smelting and Special equipment Metal products industry communication and other rolling industry manufacturing industry electronic equipment Electrical machinery and Instrument manufacturing equipment manufacturing industry industry A. Calculation of Similarity Coefficient of Industrial 1 Structure 0.8 This paper measures the industrial structure similarity Zibo coefficient of the manufacturing industries of Jinan city 0.6 Tai'an cluster from 2012 to 2017. The provincial capital city cluster is a regional spatial structure with Jinan as the 0.4 Dezhou center and other cities as the periphery. Therefore, the 0.2 similarity coefficient of industrial structure is mainly used Liaocheng to calculate the industrial structure similarity between 0 Laiwu Jinan and the peripheral cities. The results are as follows: TABLE II. INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE SIMILARITY 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Figure 1. industrial structure similarity Zibo 0.65 0.61 0.62 0.64 0.59 0.48 Tai'an 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.89 0.85 0.66 As shown in the figure1 above, the similarity Dezhou 0.63 0.68 0.71 0.91 0.86 0.69 Liaocheng 0.57 0.59 0.60 0.83 0.80 0.63 coefficient of manufacturing industrial structure between Laiwu 0.43 0.43 0.47 0.42 0.39 0.26 Jinan, the center, and the surrounding cities shows a trend of rising first and then declining. Before 2015, Tai'an had the highest similarity with Jinan's manufacturing industrial structure, and Laiwu had the lowest similarity. After 2015, the similarity coefficient of manufacturing industrial structure between Jinan and Dezhou was the highest, and 2015 was a turning point. The manufacturing industrial structure of Jinan and the surrounding cities shows an obvious downward trend. 2 E3S Web of Conferences 214, 02037 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021402037 EBLDM 2020 3 THE MEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL China's manufacturing industry is divided into 31 B. Calculation of the Regional Division of Labor Index As for Tai’an, it has no manufacturing industry with categories. The manufacturing output value of each city in special advantage, only some industries, such as chemical INTEGRATION LEVEL OF THE CAPITAL CITY The index of regional division of labor between Jinan, the capital city cluster of Shandong province is mainly the center of the capital city cluster of Shandong province, raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, CLUSTER IN SHANDONG PROVINCE concentrated in the top 29 categories. Due to the changes and the surrounding cities is calculated. The results are as general equipment manufacturing, and non-metallic of industry classification standard over the years, this follows: mineral products industry, accounted for slightly 10% of The data of this paper comes from the statistical yearbook paper adjusts the classifications of some manufacturing