Resoconto Annuale Delle Attività 2018
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Photoluminescence and Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of MOCVD Grown
Photoluminescence and Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of MOCVD Grown GaAs/AlGaAs Core-Shell Nanowires A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Oren D. Leaer in partial fulllment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy February 2013 © Copyright 2013 Oren D. Leaer. Figure 5.1 is reproduced from an article copyrighted by the American Physical Society and used with their permission. The original article may be found at: http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245324 Regarding only gure 5.1, the following notice is included as part of the terms of use: Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modied, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society. The rest of this work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license Version 3.0. The license is available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. i Dedications To my family: my parents, my sister, and Bubby and Dan. Your support made this possible. Thank you. ii Acknowledgments It is with great pleasure that I am able to thank and acknowledge the individuals and organizations that helped me in the course of my graduate studies. I should begin by thanking my advisor, Dr. Spanier, and my committee, Drs. Livneh, May, Shih, Taheri, and Zavaliangos for supporting me through this rather long process. -
EPA Handbook: Optical and Remote Sensing for Measurement and Monitoring of Emissions Flux of Gases and Particulate Matter
EPA Handbook: Optical and Remote Sensing for Measurement and Monitoring of Emissions Flux of Gases and Particulate Matter EPA 454/B-18-008 August 2018 EPA Handbook: Optical and Remote Sensing for Measurement and Monitoring of Emissions Flux of Gases and Particulate Matter U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Air Quality Assessment Division Research Triangle Park, NC EPA Handbook: Optical and Remote Sensing for Measurement and Monitoring of Emissions Flux of Gases and Particulate Matter 9/1/2018 Informational Document This informational document describes the emerging technologies that can measure and/or identify pollutants using state of the science techniques Forward Optical Remote Sensing (ORS) technologies have been available since the late 1980s. In the early days of this technology, there were many who saw the potential of these new instruments for environmental measurements and how this technology could be integrated into emissions and ambient air monitoring for the measurement of flux. However, the monitoring community did not embrace ORS as quickly as anticipated. Several factors contributing to delayed ORS use were: • Cost: The cost of these instruments made it prohibitive to purchase, operate and maintain. • Utility: Since these instruments were perceived as “black boxes.” Many instrument specialists were wary of how they worked and how the instruments generated the values. • Ease of use: Many of the early instruments required a well-trained spectroscopist who would have to spend a large amount of time to setup, operate, collect, validate and verify the data. • Data Utilization: Results from path integrated units were different from point source data which presented challenges for data use and interpretation. -
Federico Capasso “Physics by Design: Engineering Our Way out of the Thz Gap” Peter H
6 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 3, NO. 1, JANUARY 2013 Terahertz Pioneer: Federico Capasso “Physics by Design: Engineering Our Way Out of the THz Gap” Peter H. Siegel, Fellow, IEEE EDERICO CAPASSO1credits his father, an economist F and business man, for nourishing his early interest in science, and his mother for making sure he stuck it out, despite some tough moments. However, he confesses his real attraction to science came from a well read children’s book—Our Friend the Atom [1], which he received at the age of 7, and recalls fondly to this day. I read it myself, but it did not do me nearly as much good as it seems to have done for Federico! Capasso grew up in Rome, Italy, and appropriately studied Latin and Greek in his pre-university days. He recalls that his father wisely insisted that he and his sister become fluent in English at an early age, noting that this would be a more im- portant opportunity builder in later years. In the 1950s and early 1960s, Capasso remembers that for his family of friends at least, physics was the king of sciences in Italy. There was a strong push into nuclear energy, and Italy had a revered first son in En- rico Fermi. When Capasso enrolled at University of Rome in FREDERICO CAPASSO 1969, it was with the intent of becoming a nuclear physicist. The first two years were extremely difficult. University of exams, lack of grade inflation and rigorous course load, had Rome had very high standards—there were at least three faculty Capasso rethinking his career choice after two years. -
Laser Focus World
November 2015 Photonics Technologies & Solutions for Technical Professionals Worldwide www.laserfocusworld.com QCL arrays target IR spectral analysis PAGE 36 Positioning equipment— the foundational tools PAGE 27 Measuring aspheres with interferometry PAGE 41 Tunable laser diode combines QDs and SiP PAGE 45 ® Optical coherence tomography angiography, NIR fluorescence- guided surgery PAGE 55 1511lfw_C1 1 11/2/15 11:54 AM 1511lfw_C2 2 11/2/15 11:54 AM Optimize Your Surface Measurement and Inspection Motion Save 40% Measurement Time and 60% Footprint Traditional Cartesian systems require frequent, time- consuming motion reversals in X and Y to raster-scan a part, which necessitates longer travel ranges to account for inefficiencies in constantly starting and stopping. The vastly superior SMP design utilizes an industry-leading rotational motion profile to deliver smooth, continuous scanning of the part, with no starts and stops, resulting in significantly reduced measurement time and machine footprint. SMP-420 SMP-220 SMP-320 • Reduce measurement time by • Axis repeatability in the low • Ultra-smooth motion even at 40% compared to Cartesian nanometer range very low velocities systems • Nanometer-level minimum • Easily customizable for incremental motion (resolution) • Minimize footprint by 60% customer-specific compared to Cartesian systems measurement processes Z C Spherical Z C Aspheric RR Cylindrical RR C TT TT Z Ph: 412-963-7470 Dedicated to the Email: [email protected] Science of Motion www.aerotech.com AF1114E-TMG 1511lfw_1 1 11/2/15 -
Plasmonics for Laser Beam Shaping
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOL. 9, NO. 1, JANUARY 2010 11 Plasmonics for Laser Beam Shaping Nanfang Yu, Member, IEEE, Romain Blanchard, Student Member, IEEE, Jonathan Fan, Qi Jie Wang, Christian Pflugl,¨ Laurent Diehl, Tadataka Edamura, Shinichi Furuta, Masamichi Yamanishi, Life Fellow, IEEE, Hirofumi Kan, and Federico Capasso, Fellow, IEEE (Invited Review) Abstract—This paper reviews our recent work on laser beam mostly linearly polarized along a single direction, which is deter- shaping using plasmonics. We demonstrated that by integrating mined by the optical selection rules of the gain medium [2], [3]. properly designed plasmonic structures onto the facet of semicon- Applications will benefit from the availability of a wide range ductor lasers, their divergence angle can be dramatically reduced by more than one orders of magnitude, down to a few degrees. of polarization states: linear polarization along different direc- A plasmonic collimator consisting of a slit aperture and an adja- tions, circular polarizations (clockwise and counterclockwise), cent 1-D grating can collimate laser light in the laser polarization etc. direction; a collimator consisting of a rectangular aperture and Laser beam shaping (i.e., collimation, polarization control) is a concentric ring grating can reduce the beam divergence both conventionally conducted externally using optical components perpendicular and parallel to the laser polarization direction, thus achieving collimation in the plane perpendicular to the laser beam. such as lenses, beam-splitting polarizers, and wave plates [2]. The devices integrated with plasmonic collimators preserve good These optical components are bulky and can be expensive; some room-temperature performance with output power comparable to are available only for certain wavelength ranges. -
The Latest Research in Optical Engineering and Applications, Nanotechnology, Sustainable Energy, Organic Photonics, and Astronomical Instrumentation
OPTICS + PHOTONICS• The latest research in optical engineering and applications, nanotechnology, sustainable energy, organic photonics, and astronomical instrumentation ADVANCE THIS PROGRAM IS CURRENT AS OF TECHNICAL APRIL 2015. SEE UPDATES ONLINE: PROGRAM WWW.SPIE.ORG/OP15PROGRAM Conferences & Courses San Diego Convention Center 9–13 August 2015 San Diego, California, USA Exhibition 11–13 August 2015 CoNFERENCES EXHIBITION AND CoURSES: 11–13 AUGust 2015 9–13 AUGust 2015 San Diego Convention Center San Diego, California, USA Hear the latest research on optical engineering and applications, sustainable energy, nanotechnology, organic photonics, and astronomical instrumentation. ATTEND 4,500 Attendees Network with the leading minds SPIE OPTICS + in your discipline. PHOTONICS The largest international, multidisciplinary optical science 3,350 Papers and technology meeting in North Hear presentations America. on the latest research. 38 Courses & Workshops You can’t afford to stop learning. 180-Company Exhibition See optical devices, components, materials, and technologies. Contents Metamaterials, plasmonics, CNTs, Events Schedule . 2 graphene, thin films, spintronics, nanoengineering, optical trapping, SOCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND nanophotonic materials, nanomedicine, NETWORKING EVENTS Low-D and 2D materials - Technical ............................. 3-4 - Industry................................ 5 - Social Networking....................... 6 - Student .............................. 6-7 - Professional Development ............... 7 Thin films, concentrators, -
Federico Capasso
Federico Capasso ADDRESS: John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 205 A Pierce Hall 29 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 PHONE: (617) 384-7611 FAX: (617) 495-2875 EMAIL: [email protected] PERSONAL: Married; two children CITIZENSHIP: Italian and U.S. (Naturalized; 09/23/1992) EDUCATION: 1973 Doctor of Physics, Summa Cum Laude University of Rome, La Sapienza, Italy 1973-1974 Postdoctoral Fellow Fondazione Bordoni, Rome, Italy ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS Jan. 2003- Present Robert Wallace Professor of Applied Physics Vinton Hayes Senior Research Fellow in Electrical Engineering, John A. Paulson, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS: 2000 – 2002 Vice President of Physical Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 1997- 2000 Department Head, Semiconductor Physics Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ. 1987- 1997 Department Head, Quantum Phenomena and Device Research, Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies (formerly AT&T Bell Labs, until 1996), Murray Hill, NJ 1984 – 1987 Distinguished Member of Technical Staff, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 1977 – 1984 Member of Technical Staff, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 1976 – 1977 Visiting Scientist, Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ 1974 – 1976 Research Physicist, Fondazione Bordoni, Rome, Italy Citations (Google Scholar) Over 93000 H-index (Google Scholar) 144 Publications Over 500 hundred peer reviewed journals Patents 70 US patents KEY ACHIEVEMENTS 1. Bandstructure Engineering and Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) Capasso and his Bell Labs collaborators over a 20-year period pioneered band-structure engineering, a technique to design and implement artificially structured (“man-made”) semiconductor, materials, and related phenomena/ devices, which revolutionized heterojunction devices in photonics and electronics. -
L'esprit De Découverte, Illustré Par Quelques Christophe Colomb De La Physique Moderne 1. Introduction
Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier 1 Séance du 14 octobre 2019 L’esprit de découverte, illustré par quelques Christophe Colomb de la Physique moderne Jean-Pierre NOUGIER IES, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier MOTS-CLÉS Découverte, physique, recherche, Poincaré, Einstein, Millikan, Bohr, Röntgen, Becquerel, Penzias, Wilson, Rutherford, Michelson, Morley, publications, brevets. RÉSUMÉ Quelques exemples sont donnés de ce que peut être l'esprit de découverte en sciences et plus particulièrement en physique, On verra qu'il est possible de découvrir : – en trouvant ce qu'on cherche, en faisant preuve d'intuition, de réflexion, de discernement, de ténacité, mais aussi de risque et d'audace (recherche contractuelle applicative ou fondamentale, Poincaré, Einstein), alliant à la fois confiance en soi et doute (Millikan, questionnement entre Einstein et Bohr), – en trouvant ce qu'on ne cherche pas (Röntgen, Becquerel, Penzias et Wilson), aptitude appelée "sérendipité", – en ne trouvant pas ce qu'on cherche (Rutherford, Michelson et Morley). On met en évidence le développement considérable de la recherche, ainsi que l'évolution de sa structuration : du caractère individuel au mode collectif, avec des moyens passant du stade artisanal aux grands programmes de recherche internationaux. L'esprit de découverte reste le moteur de l'innovation. Il nécessite de porter un regard neuf, un regard différent de celui que portent les autres. 1. Introduction L'Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier privilégie cette année la thématique du "voyage", qui notamment est le sujet du colloque du 22 novembre 2019. Je propose donc dans cet article un "Voyage au pays de la connaissance", à travers quelques réflexions sur "l'esprit de découverte". -
Professor Federico Capasso Harvard University
Professor Federico Capasso Harvard University Q. Tell us a little bit about your current research activities. A. My research on QCLs centres on develop- ing new broadband sources, and in particular broadband mid-infrared spectrometers on a chip; high power/high power efficiency continuous-wave QCLs, beam engineered QCLs, as well new terahertz sources based on intracavity difference frequency generation. A significant portion of my QCL research is industry driven through collaborations with major industrial players. I also have a fairly large effort in plasmonics and metamaterials where we are exploring both novel pheno- mena, device applications and new fabrication techniques based on soft lithography and colloidal chemistry. In particular, we have recently shown that by structuring the facet of a terahertz QCL as a metamaterial, the normally highly divergent terahertz radiation can be highly collimated. Finally, we are FEDERICO CAPASSO is the Robert Wallace putting unreasonable obstacles in the career Professor Federico Capasso investigating optical forces that arise between Professor of Applied Physics in the School of of ambitious and talented young people. So (centre), Dr Nanfang Yu (right) waveguides and other photonic components and graduate student Mikhail Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard I decided to spend two years in a telecom Kats (left) in the Capasso in close proximity, as well as quantum University, Cambridge, MA. He is a member government laboratory; I gained experience in Laboratory in the School electrodynamical forces generated by of the US National Academy of Sciences and fibre optics, and then, at the first opportunity, of Engineering and Applied quantum fluctuations of vacuum and matter, Science at Harvard University of the National Academy of Engineering, and I landed in United States at Bell Labs in 1976. -
April 8-11, 2019 the 2019 Franklin Institute Laureates the 2019 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 8–11, 2019
april 8-11, 2019 The 2019 Franklin Institute Laureates The 2019 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 8–11, 2019 Welcome to The Franklin Institute Awards, the range of disciplines. The week culminates in a grand oldest comprehensive science and technology medaling ceremony, befitting the distinction of this awards program in the United States. Each year, the historic awards program. Institute recognizes extraordinary individuals who In this convocation book, you will find a schedule of are shaping our world through their groundbreaking these events and biographies of our 2019 laureates. achievements in science, engineering, and business. We invite you to read about each one and to attend We celebrate them as modern day exemplars of our the events to learn even more. Unless noted otherwise, namesake, Benjamin Franklin, whose impact as a all events are free and open to the public and located scientist, inventor, and statesman remains unmatched in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. in American history. Along with our laureates, we honor Franklin’s legacy, which has inspired the We hope this year’s remarkable class of laureates Institute’s mission since its inception in 1824. sparks your curiosity as much as they have ours. We look forward to seeing you during The Franklin From shedding light on the mechanisms of human Institute Awards Week. memory to sparking a revolution in machine learning, from sounding the alarm about an environmental crisis to making manufacturing greener, from unlocking the mysteries of cancer to developing revolutionary medical technologies, and from making the world III better connected to steering an industry giant with purpose, this year’s Franklin Institute laureates each reflect Ben Franklin’s trailblazing spirit. -
Società Italiana Degli Storici Della Fisica E Dell'astronomia
Atti Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell’Astronomia Atti del XXXVI Convegno annuale Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference a cura di / edited by Salvatore Esposito Atti del 36. Convegno annuale / Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell’Astronomia ; a cura di Salvatore Esposito = Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference / Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell’Astronomia ; edited by Salvatore Esposito. – Pavia : Pavia University Press, 2017. – XVIII, 408 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. – (Atti) http://archivio.paviauniversitypress.it/oa/9788869520709 ISBN 9788869520693 (brossura) ISBN 9788869520709 (e-book PDF) In testa al front: SISFA, Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell’Astronomia © 2017 Pavia University Press, Pavia ISBN: 978-88-6952-070-9 Nella sezione Scientifica Pavia University Press pubblica esclusivamente testi scientifici valutati e approvati dal Comitato scientifico-editoriale. I diritti di traduzione, di memorizzazione elettronica, di riproduzione e di adattamento anche parziale, con qualsiasi mezzo, sono riservati per tutti i paesi. Il curatore e gli autori sono a disposizione degli aventi diritti con cui non abbiano potuto comunicare, per eventuali omissioni e inesattezze. In copertina: Giacinto Diano, Affreschi della Sala del Lazzaretto. Picture by E. Giaquinto. Prima edizione: ottobre 2017 Pubblicato da: Pavia University Press – Edizioni dell’Università degli Studi di Pavia Via Luino, 12 – 27100 Pavia (PV) – Italia www.paviauniversitypress.it – [email protected] Stampato da DigitalAndCopy S.A.S, Segrate (MI) Printed in Italy Sommario Introductory remarks ................................................................................................... XI Programme .................................................................................................................. XIII PANEL DISCUSSION Tavola rotonda: abilità verticali e abilità trasversali. Il ruolo della ricerca in storia e didattica della fisica e dell’astronomia……………. -
Federico Capasso
ECE DISTINGUISHED SPEAKER SERIES The convergence of fundamental Recently he has introduced a new science and nanotechnology is leading approach to photonics devices and optical to revolutionary advances in light- materials design, known as flat optics, based technologies, from the ability to which have led him to the generalization see images with details much smaller of the laws of refraction and reflection than the wavelength of light, such as based and to the demonstration of proteins, to efficient solid-state aberration free flat lenses. He is a member lighting. The pace of progress in of the National Academy of Sciences, the photonics is relentless: I will describe National Academy of Engineering, a recent research of my group ranging fellow of the American Academy of Arts from quantum cascade lasers, which and Sciences and a foreign member of the are revolutionizing ultrahigh Accademia dei Lincei. His awards sensitivity sensing, climate change include the IEEE Sarnoff Award, the chemistry and medical diagnostics, to Materials Research Society Medal, the flat optics, a new technology with Franklin Institute Wetherill Medal, the Federico Capasso myriad of future applications such as Rank Prize in Optoelectronics, the Harvard University aberration free lenses, smart skins and Optical Society Wood Prize, the IEEE augmented reality. Edison Medal, the American Physical Hosts Society Arthur Schawlow Prize in Laser Professor Yongmin Liu Federico Capasso is the Robert Wallace Professor Matteo Rinaldi Science, the King Faisal Prize, the Professor of Applied Physics at Harvard Berthold Leibinger Zukunft Prize, the University, which he joined in 2003 Julius Springer Prize in Applied Physics, New Frontiers in the after 27 years at Bell Labs where his the Institute of Physics Duddell Medal, career advanced from postdoctoral the Jan Czochralski Award for lifetime Nanotechnology of Light: fellow to Vice President for Physical achievements in Materials Science, the From Quantum Cascade Research.