COPPER MOUNTAIN RESORT AMBASSADOR

A-Z REFERENCE HANDBOOK

WINTER 2016-2017

11/18/2016 ~ 4/16/2017

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COPPER MOUNTAIN RESORT AMBASSADOR

A-Z REFERENCE HANDBOOK

ADAPTIVE SKI PROGRAM – Copper has a number of mountain guests who enjoy snowsports with special adaptive equipment and guides. Every effort is made to include their needs on the lifts and trails. Guides are available through the Breckenridge Outdoor Education Center (BOEC). Contact them at www.boec.org.

ADAPTIVE ACTION SPORTS – Located on the north side of Copper One, Adaptive Action Sports was founded by Daniel Gale and Amy Purdy Gale. It is the first adaptive and specific nonprofit organization. Adaptive Action Sports creates skateboard, snowboard and other action sport camps, events and programs for youth, young adults and wounded veterans living with permanent physical disabilities, traumatic brain injuries and post-traumatic stress disorder. More information is available at www.adacs.org.

AEDs – Automatic External Defibrillators are located by Jack’s at top of escalators, West Village, Copper - Station, EDGE, Solitude, Athletic Club, PHQ, Timberline Patrol, Motel Six, the Copper Fire Department and the Copper security vehicle.

ALL ACCESS PASS – A new season pass this year that unlimited access to Copper Mountain and Woodward.

ALLIROO ALLEY - A fun area for kids of all ages in the trees with pictures of animal critters. Located beneath the American Flyer lift near the top.

ALPINE LIFT – Copper’s easternmost front side lift that opened in 1979. Originally lifts were lettered and trails were numbered. Alpine was originally “A” lift.

ALPINE LOT – Free parking lot near the Copper Mountain entrance on route 91 that has free bus service to Ten Mile Circle, East Village and West Village.

ALPINE CLUB – Located in Passage Point, Alpine Club is a former private club associated with the Raven Golf Club in Silverthorne. It now is a seasonal Copper Mountain locker and ski storage area.

ALTITUDE – Measure above sea level. The base elevation of Copper is 9,712 feet and the summit elevation is 12,313 feet which provides a 2,601 foot vertical drop. The greatest resort elevation is Copper Peak at 12,441 feet.

ALTITUDE SICKNESS – Increased heart rate, difficulty breathing, lighter sleep, insufficient red blood cells, dehydration and greater susceptibility to sunburn are conditions that may cause discomfort at higher altitudes. As many as 25 – 40% of mountain visitors will experience headache, nausea, vomiting, chills, difficulty sleeping and/or a “hangover” feeling. Susceptibility varies enormously, but symptoms usually disappear after 3 days. To help with symptoms, drink lots of nonalcoholic and non-

2 caffeinated beverages, wear sunscreen and sunglasses, get extra rest and seek help for continuing troublesome symptoms. (Source: Copper Ski Patrol “High Altitude & You” brochure)

AMBASSADOR – The Ambassador Hut serves as the Ambassador on-mountain meeting place near Solitude Station. Mountain tours leave from this location daily at 10:00 and 1:00. Guests may sign up at Guest Services or at the Ambassador Hut if space permits. Waivers will be available at the Hut.

AMBASSADOR LOCKER ROOM – The blue door located in the employee hallway just inside the entrance by the ticket windows and across from LiftOps. Ambassadors have their morning meetings and are able to store their gear here.

AMERICAN EAGLE – The American Eagle opened in 1989 and replaced the original “F” lift which was a double chair with a “bubble cover” that came down with the safety bar. The Eagle is based at Burning Stones and reaches mid-mountain by Solitude Station. This is the only lift that opens 15 minutes early for Secret Pass! holders.

AMERICAN FLYER – The American Flyer chairlift out of Center Village opened in 1986 and replaced the old “G” lift. It services easier terrain on the west side of the resort. It was Copper’s first high speed detachable quad chairlift.

ANDY’S ENCORE – Trail named for Andy Daly, the second president of Copper Mountain.

APRES ALLEY – The area from Burning Stones down to West Lake between Endos and Incline. Games, activities and special events are focused in this area.

APRES SKI – After ski specials and entertainment can be found at Copper-owned Endo’s Adrenaline Café, JJs Rocky Mountain Tavern, Jack’s Bar, On the Rockies, Storm King, Mulligan’s and weather permitting, Jill’s Umbrella Bar. Other restaurants may offer après specials. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

ATHLETIC CLUB - The club features a 25 yard pool, co-ed spa and locker rooms with spas, saunas and steam rooms. The weight room features free weights and Cybex equipment. Available in the Cardio Center are stationary bikes, treadmills, a rowing machine, stair climbers, and elliptical trainers. Racquetball/Wallyball courts are also available. The Spa offers relaxing massages, facials and spa packages. Personal trainers are available. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

ATM – Automatic Teller Machines are available at Alpine Bank near Passage Point, the Copper Sports Center near the base of the escalators, McCoy’s Mountain Market across from West Lake, Endo’s lobby, the Day Lodge at West Village, the Grand Hall in Copper Station in East Village, the Conoco station at Wheeler Flats and the EDGE for employees.

AVALANCHE - An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, from either natural triggers or human activity. In mountainous terrain, avalanches are among the most serious hazards to life and property with their destructive capability resulting from their potential to carry an enormous mass of snow rapidly over large distances. 3

AVALANCHE DOGS – Search and Rescue dogs specially trained to find people and objects buried under the snow, as well as cross-trained for wilderness and water searches. Copper currently has five to six trained dogs on 24 hour call. It may take 2-3 years before the dogs are ready for certification. They ride the chairlift or snowmobiles to the three ski patrol headquarter buildings and are trained to ride in helicopters for emergencies. In a typical year, an operational search dog may respond to 10-20 missions, 25% of which are avalanches. Copper Mountain’s Rescue Dogs are solely supported by tax deductible donations. (Source: Copper Ski Patrol “Search & Rescue Dogs” brochure)

AVA-LAUNCHERS – Platforms used for avalanche control. They are located near the bottom of Mountain Chief lift, the top of Blackjack lift and below Union Bowl.

BARILOCHE – Trail named after , Argentina, which was formerly a sister resort to Copper Mountain.

BARN – The large Woodward facility. See WOODWARD COPPER.

BEACON BOWL – Located behind the Timberline Patrol building, the Beacon Bowl is used to train individuals to use avalanche transceivers. Demonstrations are given at various times.

BEACONS – Beacons, also known as avalanche transceivers or various other trade names, are important for every member of an out-of-bounds party. They emit a radio signal in normal use, but may be switched to receive mode to locate a buried victim up to 80 meters away. Analog receivers provide audible beeps that rescuers interpret to estimate distance to a victim. To use the receiver effectively requires regular practice. All of our Copper Mountain Ski Patrollers always wear beacons on duty. (Source: wikipedia.org)

BEELER LOT – Pay parking lot closest to Passage Point.

BEETLE KILL – See PINE BEETLE EPIDEMIC

BELGIAN BEAN – Formerly near the Covered Bridge in Passage Point and now on- mountain in the Flyers Grille below the top of the American Flyer. Their specialty is delicious hand held Belgian waffles.

BELLY BUTTON BABIES AND BAKERY - See CHILDCARE CENTER.

BLACK JACK LIFT – Chairlift at the lower level of Copper Bowl installed in 1996 that brings skiers/riders to just above the top of Rendezvous Lift.

BRANDING – Copper’s brand is “Copper Mountain – Raised on ”.

BOWLS – Copper Mountain has four official bowls – Spaulding, Copper, Union and Resolution Bowls all providing excellent skiing and boarding. Occasionally Hallelujah and Celebrity are also referred to as bowls.

4 BREAKFAST – Jack’s, Solitude Station, Endo’s and Union Creek Day Lodge in West Viilage all offer breakfast in the winter. Copper Station in East Village has light fare. Camp Hale and Starbucks offer a breakfast selection all year long.

BRENNAN’S GRIN – Trail named after Brennan whose family owned land at Copper Mountain and was an early employee; so named because he always had a grin.

BURNING STONES PLAZA – The heated walkways of Center Village at the base of the American Eagle lift. The rock pillars are lit with gas torch flames for various occasions.

BUSINESS CENTER – Located in the lower level of the Conference Center, various services are offered such as custom printing, photocopying, faxing and postage stamps. Airline boarding passes are printed for free as a guest courtesy. They also accept FedEx and UPS shipping deliveries. When closed, guests are directed to Guest Services for assistance.

BUS ROUTES – Copper has a free internal bus system that goes to the three base villages and parking lots. Signage is available to indicate bus stops. For Center Village, note that the bus stop at Ten Mile Circle will take guests to the Alpine Lots. For the Far East Lot, the pick-up is at Passage Point. The Summit Stage, a free shuttle bus system for Summit County, has stops at Passage Point in Center Village, Woodward Barn, the Copper entrance and the east side of Wheeler Circle in East Village.

BUZZARD’S ALLEY – Trail named after Jim “Buzzard” Spenst, former director of mountain operations and former mayor of Frisco.

CAGE – Part of Woodward Copper, the Cage is a retail store in Village Square specializing in freestyle apparel and accessories. The store is also a hangout for the younger generation. They have a lounge offering tables, chairs, snacks, non-alcoholic drinks, ping pong, foosball, video games, video editing equipment, and a small indoor skate bowl for . Additional programs are available during events like USASA Nationals, Summer Camp etc. with nightly tournaments, contests, and activities. The Location also features Create A Skate, where guest can purchase blank skateboard decks to personalize and create their own . Ice skates are available for rental here in the winter.

CAMELBACK – Specialized backpack designed to carry water which has a valve controlled drinking tube for use during sporting activities.

CAMP HALE – Coffee shops in Copper Sports Center, Solitude Station and Copper Station named after the US Army’s Camp Hale outside of Leadville where the Tenth Mountain Division Ski Troopers trained during WW2.

CAPTURE THE CUBE – In partnership with First Bank, large cubes are hidden at various locations around the mountain. Guests get clues via Twitter, Instagram and Facebook as to their locations. Winners earn a free pair of Icelandic Nomad skis or a Never Summer SL snowboard with limited edition wildlife graphics. More information at www.capturethecube.com.

5 CB GRILLE – The most upscale restaurant at Copper. Located near Passage Point and the Covered Bridge, hence its name.

CDL’S TRAIL #20 – A trail under the Excelerator lift that is named after founder Chuck D. Lewis that still carries the original number of the trail.

CDOT KIOSK – The Colorado Department of Transportation has two interactive traffic kiosks at Copper. One is located by Ten Mile Circle and the other is in Copper Station in East Village. These give real time traffic conditions and include traffic cameras of various locations.

CELEBRITY BOWL - Located to the west of Sierra lift, this unofficial bowl is off the cornice at the top of Golddigger.

CELEBRITY RIDGE – The platter style that is accessed from the top of Sierra lift and goes to the west side of the top of Mountain Chief. It opened in 2013.

CELL PHONE CHARGING STATIONS – We have two cell phone charging stations in Center Village located by the bottom of the escalators and near Camp Hale. Sponsored by Coca Cola, they are free but require a credit card to open them.

CENTER VILLAGE – The main base village at Copper Mountain and the base of American Eagle and American Flyer lifts.

CHAPEL – Copper’s nondenominational chapel located on Copper Road to the east of the Chapel Lot. The full name is Copper Mountain Chapel.

CHAPEL LOT – Pay parking lot located near the Copper Mountain Chapel and east of Center Village. Free parking is available to employees and volunteers if the orange flag is flying by the main Copper entrance at highway 91 and the Chapel Lot. Parking is also free here to carpoolers with four or more people in the vehicle.

CHILDCARE CENTER – Known as the Belly Button Babies & Bakery, this is located on the first floor of the Mountain Plaza Building in Center Village. They are open from 8:30 to 4:30 and offer childcare for children ages 8 weeks to six years. There is also a room for nursing mothers. Free strollers and backpacks for carrying young children are available here for guests to sign out.

CHOPPERS - The Ski and Ride School program for kids ages 8-18. The program meets at Center Village, and is a six week program covering a myriad of skiing and riding skills. They also have optional bus transportation available.

CLIMBING WALL – Located in Center Village on the west side of the Copper Sports Center.

CLINIC – The St. Anthony Copper Medical Clinic - Centura Health is staffed by doctors and nurses during the winter season. All emergencies that require medical attention more serious than ice or band aids are brought here by ski patrol. Guests’ ski and boarding equipment is also transported by Ski Patrol. There is a financial/medical insurance cost for this service. The Clinic is located in Bridge End which is across West Ten Mile Creek and due north of West Lake. 6

CLOTHING RENTAL – Rebel Sports has some ski pants, jackets and boots that are available for rental. Pioneer Sports in Frisco also advertises clothing rental. The website http://mountainthreads.com/ will rent clothing including delivery and pick up.

CODE RED COMMUNITY NOTIFICATION SYSTEM – Formerly known as SC Alert, CodeRED is a free alert notification system that allows officials to immediately contact recipients during a major crisis or emergency and can deliver important emergency alerts, notifications and updates to e-mail, cell phones, pagers and smart phones. This includes county highway closings. The website to register is www.summitcountyco.gov.

COLLAGE’S DEAD LODGEPOLE – Partway down the Collage Trail is a dead lodgepole pine tree in the center of the trail. It has become a local legend of sorts. It is a good example of how the trunk of the lodgepole grows in a spiral. This gives it additional strength which made it especially useful for the Native Americans in supporting their .

COLMAN’S RETREAT - Formerly called Retreat, this trail on the upper west side of Copper was renamed in 2012 to honor Chris Colman on his 40th year of service at Copper Mountain. He is Copper’s longest continuously serving employee.

COLORADO SKI COUNTRY USA – CSCUSA was formed in 1965 to promote Colorado skiing worldwide. What began as a marketing venture has turned into a modern trade association with expertise in the departments of public policy, domestic and international marketing and communications. Currently, Colorado Ski Country USA represents 21 Colorado ski areas in those three functional areas. Copper is a member resort. They also sponsor the Fifth and Sixth Grade Passport Program. (Source: www.coloradoski.com)

COLORADO TRAIL - The is Colorado’s premier long distance trail. Stretching almost 500 miles from Denver to Durango, it travels through the spectacular Colorado amongst peaks with lakes, creeks and diverse ecosystems. Trail users experience six wilderness areas and eight mountain ranges topping out at 13,334 feet. The trail passes through Copper Mountain. Trail enthusiasts include hikers, horseback riders and mountain bikers. Volunteers built The Colorado Trail and continue to improve and maintain it, and are the life-blood of The Colorado Trail Foundation. (Source: www.coloradotrail.org)

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CONDOS – Copper does not have a hotel, but does have numerous condominiums that are privately owned and also available for rental. In East Village, the condos are Anaconda, Copper Springs, Elk Run, Fox Pine, Peregrine, Snowflake, Summit House East, The Greens, The Legends, The Woods, Village Point and Wheeler House. Center Village has Bridge End, Copper Junction, Copper Mountain Inn, Copper One, Copper Valley, Mountain Plaza, Passage Point, Spruce Lodge, Summit House, Taylor Crossing, Telemark, Ten Mile Haus, The Lodge at Copper, The Mill Club, Timber Creek and Togwotee. On the west side towards West Village are Beeler Place, Cache at Union Creek, The Cirque, Union Creek Lodge, Union Creek Townhomes and Union Creek Townhomes West.

CONFERENCE CENTER – Copper Conference Center in Center Village hosts many conferences throughout the year. The upper level rooms are Bighorn rooms and Kokopelli’s Trail. Lower level rooms are Hasty’s, Business Center and Ptarmigan rooms. Also available in Center Village are Mountain Plaza (Boardroom, Jacques Peak, Union Peak rooms), Village Square (Bristlecone, Lodgepole, Ponderosa), and Westlake Lodge (Boardroom). In East Village, Copper Station’s meeting rooms are Grand Hall, Mezzanine, South Hall and West Hall. In West Village, the Schoolhouse has the Meeting Room.

CONOCO – Owned and operated by Copper Mountain, the Conoco gas station is across from the entrance to Copper. They also have a convenience store, Sky Chutes Coffeehouse featuring Daylight Donuts, and the Healthy Tomato restaurant.

CONTINENTAL DIVIDE - Where water running down the west side will go to the Pacific Ocean and down the east side will head to the Atlantic Ocean.

COPPER BOWL – Located on the backside of Copper and accessible by the Rendezvous and Celebrity Ridge lifts, Copper Bowl was opened in 1995 and added 250 acres of expert high alpine terrain. Mountain Chief lift was also opened in the same year. Black Jack lift was installed the following year.

8 COPPER CABLE – A weekly newsletter that highlights events of the week. This replaces This Week At Copper (TWAC). It is named after Copper’s first ever newspaper which was founded in 1974 by Chuck Lewis’ wife Penny and Pooh Bishop.

COPPER COACH – A Copper-owned free shuttle service to move lodging guests where the larger shuttle busses cannot go. The phone number is 970-368-2002.

COPPER JUNCTION – The first condominiums to open at Copper in 1973. They are located across from Mountain Plaza near the American Eagle lift.

COPPER MOUNTAIN CHAPEL FOUNDATION – Maintains the chapel for the use of several congregations and nonprofit or governmental agencies that use the chapel. The chapel has also been offered as a Red Cross in case of emergencies. The Foundation maintains a food bank for Copper employees or visitors in need and gives funds to employees without insurance who have medical emergencies.

COPPER MOUNTAIN RESORT ASSOCIATION – Offices located in Village Square East. The Copper Mountain Resort Association, (Resort Association) was created to represent all property owners (residential and commercial) to engage in any act or activity including, but without limitation: to serve as a representative body of persons having interest in the development of Copper Mountain as a recreational vacation area and undertake programs to promote the Resort for the benefit and common interests. The Resort Association has the authority to assess and collect from its members annually. Today the main functions of the Resort Association are to: · Do whatever it can to help drive commerce to its businesses · Support the efforts of its stakeholders to increase value of their investments · Serve the community by providing services and amenities that support the overriding goals of its stakeholders. In 2007 the Resort Association and the Village at Copper came to agreement whereby the Village at Copper will manage the business and affairs of the Resort Association. (source: www.visitcoppermountain.com)

COPPER ROCKER – Copper’s High Performance Ski Rental Shop specializing in current year’s equipment. This allows guests to try new equipment and technology at their convenience until they find the perfect ski. With a daily rental, guests can try different skis throughout the day and “Day” Ski Storage is complimentary. Brands include: Volkl, Rossignol, K2, Blizzard, Armada, Scott and High Society, to name a few.

COPPER’S NAME – Named after a low grade copper mine located on the mountain that was relatively unproductive. It was located at 12,360 feet and tailings can be seen above the top of the Storm King lift. COPPER SPORTS CENTER – The lower level below Jack’s in Center Village that is the rental/retail area.

COPPER SPORTS EAST – The rental/retail shop in East Village.

COPPER SPORTS WEST – The rental/retail shop in West Village.

COPPER STABLES – Located near the Far East lot for our horses used in sleigh rides.

9 COPPER STATION – The base lodge at East Village that includes Guest Services, ticket sales, retail store, JJ’s restaurant, Camp Hale, restrooms, season lockers, ATM and banquet facilities.

COPPERLINK – Copper’s internal source of information including employee phone numbers, a calendar of events, templates, etc.

CRITTERLAND – Snow play area for children six and under near the base of the Tubing Hill. It is open from 11-5 on the same days that the Tubing Hill is open. Activities include a carousel with mini-tubes, mini-tubing hill, crooked house and other play features. Critters include Bear-illa, Elk-guin, Squ-eal, Duck-topus, Cheeta-phant, and Alli-roo. There is a one time fee for the entire day and all children must be accompanied by an adult.

CROSS COUNTRY SKIING – See NORDIC.

DAY LODGE - The building on the western side of West Village and has Guest Services, adult rentals, retail shop, ticket windows, restrooms, lockers and restaurant. The building on the eastern side is called the Schoolhouse and includes the children’s Ski and Ride School facilities with rentals and restrooms.

DIGGLERS – Scooter/bike rented in the summer to be used in the village.

DILLON DAM – First conceived in 1902 by the Denver Water Authority, the current Dillon Dam was completed in September 1963 to serve as a water source for Denver. The Roberts Tunnel runs over 23 miles to the east with water moving by gravity feed to the South Platte River Basin. The dam is 5,888 feet long and sits 231 feet above the Blue River streambed. The original town of Dillon built in 1881 would be sitting at the bottom of Lake Dillon, so many buildings were moved and most were demolished. The Mint Saloon and The Old Dillon Inn, built in the 1800s, were moved to Silverthorne. The Blue Spruce was moved to Frisco. The Arapahoe Café was moved to Dillon. The present town of Dillon is actually in its fourth (and hopefully final) location. (Sources: Sandy Mather, author of The Dillon Dam and www.wikipedia.org)

DILLON RANGER DISTRICT – Approximately 75% of Summit County is part of the White River National Forest, administered by the Dillon Ranger District headquartered on Blue River Boulevard in Silverthorne. The DRD boundary follows the exact boundary of Summit County and includes two Wilderness areas (see WILDERNESS). The WRNF is the most visited recreation forest in the nation with over 9.6 million user days annually – more visitors than Yellowstone, Grand Canyon, and Rocky Mountain National Park combined. This includes skier visits. Approximately half of these WRNF recreation days take place in Summit County. (Source: FDRD Manual)

DOG PASS – Available at Guest Services, “season picture passes” may be purchased for dogs to wear. They have no bar code and may not be used on the lifts, but make a clever gift. The cost is nominal and the money is donated to the Copper Mountain Rescue Dog fund. Other pets are also eligible.

DOGSLEDDING – Exciting dog sled rides and mushing classes are available. Details are available at Guest Services.

10 EAST VILLAGE – One of three base areas and is located east of Center Village. The main building is Copper Station and is the base of the Super Bee lift. No beginner /ride access is available from East Village, but it is the location of the Copper Tubing Hill and Critterland.

EDGE – Formerly Club Med, this building has employee housing, Security, Employee Experience, Gear Up for uniforms, and cafeteria services. Some room rentals are available at a low rate, especially useful for Ambassadors and other Copper staff stranded or for temporary stays. The Sky Chutes Theater and Glades Meeting Room are located here. EDGE stands for Every Day Great Experiences.

EISENHOWER TUNNEL - The Eisenhower/Johnson Memorial Tunnel is one of the modern engineering marvels of the world and we have it here in Summit County. With the creation of the national interstate highway system under President Dwight Eisenhower in the 1950s, the continental divide was one of the biggest national challenges. The first bore began in 1968 near Loveland Ski Area and took five years to complete with many challenges. It is 1.7 miles long and at the time took a four lane highway and narrowed traffic into a two way road through one tunnel. It became immediately apparent that a second bore was necessary, and the eastbound tunnel was begun two years later. The Edwin Johnson Tunnel, named for the former governor, took four years to complete. The cost of both tunnels was approximately $300 million. In today's dollars, it would now cost $1.2 billion.

At 11,158 feet, it is one of the highest tunnels in the world. The Eisenhower has its own fire department, has a 150,000 gallon underground reservoir for drinking water and fighting fires, an incredible ventilation system with 28 ten and a half foot diameter fans, uses environmentally safe chemicals and has a large computerized video monitor system. All this makes it one of the safest sections of I-70 in Colorado.There are no extra rooms beyond the basic functional operational centers. The actual width of the tunnels are what you see when you drive through, but the tunnel height is greater than the ceiling suggests for ventilation. The stone that was removed as the tunnels were carved out was used on the western side to help build the eight mile road leading down to Summit County. The carbon monoxide levels are incredibly low, especially since the advent of low leaded fuels. Hazmat trucks must go over Loveland Pass. However, if the Pass is closed, hazmat trucks are allowed through the tunnel at the top of the hour. All other traffic is stopped at that time. In 2014, an average of 45,000 vehicles went through the tunnel daily.

Another interesting related piece of information is that the Eisenhower staff is not in charge of the electronic highway message boards on Interstate 70, although they can have input. Signs east of the tunnel are controlled from the Denver office. Signs west of the tunnel are controlled from the Hanging Lakes office in Glenwood Canyon (Source: John F. Wilson, Transportation Supervisor III, CDOT, Eisenhower/Johnson Memorial Tunnels, Summit Daily News 7-20-14)

ELECTRIC CAR CHARGING STATIONS – Installed in 2016 after receiving a state grant, Copper has four Level 2 electric car charging spaces at the entrance to Beeler Lot that are at no cost to guests. The ChargePoint smartphone app allows customers to reserve a spot ahead of time.

11 EMERGENCY PHONES – Red boxes on the mountain trails that contain phones, phone numbers and emergency contact instructions.

EMPLOYEE ENVIRONMENTAL FUND – A dollar for dollar donation match from Copper to employee donations. The funds are used in Summit and Lake counties and are for grants to benefit the environment.

EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE – Copper’s Human Resource department, located in the main level of the EDGE.

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP – Copper Mountain is committed to environmentally friendly practices through capital investment and day to day practices. Some of the environmental programs Copper supports are the Copper Green Team, 100% renewable energy credits, Copper Environmental Fund, Trail Maintenance Days with the Friends of the Dillon Ranger District, The National Forest Foundation and NSAA Climate Challenge. Details are available at Employee Experience.

EQUIPMENT RENTALS – Copper-owned are in the Copper Sports in all three villages and Copper Rocker in Center Village. Rentals are also available from Breeze, Peak Sports, Christy Sports, Rebel Sports and Gravitee.

EXCELERATOR LIFT – Excelerator was installed in 1998 and goes from midmountain to meet up with the Super Bee lift near Patrol Headquarters on the east side. It replaced the former E lift.

FAMILY FREE TIME – Sponsored by the Village at Copper, if guests spend $40 or more in the restaurants and shops in the village Monday through Thursday, they get a free ice skate rental. Skates are available at The Cage.

FAR EAST LOT – Located on the far side of Route 91, this parking lot is used when the Alpine Lot is full and has free bus access. The pick-up spot in Center Village is Passage Point. This was formerly known as the Corn Lot.

FAQ – (Source: coppercolorado.com) • First season – Opened December 5, 1972 with 5 lifts, 26 miles of trail and six new buildings. (1971 operated with snowcats only) • Website – www.coppercolorado.com • President and General Manager - Gary Rodgers • Copper Phone – 970-968-2882 • Ambassador Lead Phone – 970-471-1077 • Ski Patrol Phone – 970-968-3311 (PHQ) • Security – 970-390-6888 • Automated Copper Weather Phone – 970-968-1715 • Base Elevation: 9,712 feet and Summit Elevation: 12,313 feet • Vertical Drop: 2,601 feet • Lifts: 24 total (1 six-person high-speed lift; 5 high-speed quads; 5 triple ; 4 double chairlifts and 9 surface lifts, Li’l Stormy is only for summer In the terrain park) • Lift Capacity: 32,324 skiers per hour

12 • Skiable Acres: 2,465 acres makes Copper one of the largest ski and snowboard resorts in Colorado • Marked Trails: 126 (21% beginner, 25% intermediate, 36% advanced, 18% expert) 4 terrain parks Average Snowfall: 282 inches • Snowmaking: 475 acres • Longest Run: 2.8 miles (Soliloquy to Roundabout) • Cross Country: 25 kilometers of trails allow skiers to make their way through the picturesque White River National Forest. • Additional Winter Activities: Ice Skating, Snowshoeing, Tubing, Snowmobiling, Sleigh Rides, Dog , Cross Country Skiing, Snow Bikes, Racquet and Athletic Club, Spa Facilities, Shopping, Dining, Après, Kiting, • Additional Summer Activities: Golf, Mini-golf, Biking, , Go-Karts, Quad Power Jump, Bumper & Paddle Boats, Whitewater , Horseback Riding, ATV Tours, Cattle Drives, Fishing, Shopping, Dining, Kayaking, Geo-caching, Bocce, Horseshoes, Disc Golf, Zip Line • Location: Copper Mountain is 75 miles from Denver

FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADE PASSPORTS - CSCUSA's 5th grade Passport Program provides participants with three free days of skiing or at twenty of their member resorts. Their 6th grade Passport Program provides participants with four days of skiing or snowboarding at the same twenty member resorts for a nominal fee.

FIRE LOT – The small overflow parking lot across from the Chapel Lot and next to the helicopter landing pad. It is the location of the former Copper Mountain Fire Station.

FIX, THE – The Fix is a full service tune shop. It is located in Center Village next to Gear Check/Lost and Found. Wintersteiger tuning equipment is used to fine tune every ski or board. The Fix also offers binding mounts, binding tests, edge, wax and other repairs. If it needs fixing, they can help.

FLA – Front Line Assist is when the Resort Leadership Team works with guests in various capacities especially during busy times to help improve the guest experience.

FLAIK – All children in the Ski and Ride School wear a GPS tracking device called “flaik” with a blue light during their lessons. This tracks their skiing patterns and enables close monitoring of their locations. It is included in the lesson. FLYER LOT – Skier drop off, short term and handicapped parking west of Center Village left past the traffic circle at the base of the American Flyer. Formerly known as Copper Circle, this is the closest driving access to Lower Ski Patrol Room and the EDGE.

FLYERS GRILLE – Formerly Flyers Soup , they serve Belgian Bean waffles. Lunch options are also available. On sunny days the staff will fire up the outside barbecue and turn up the tunes for a great place to catch some rays, meet friends and enjoy the spectacular views. Flyers Grille is located near the top of the American Flyer lift. This was originally a Ski Patrol building located at the top of the Rendezvous Chair prior to the opening of Copper Bowl.

13 FOREST SUPERVISOR’S CLOSURE – The purpose of the Forest Supervisor’s closure is to mitigate potential effects to Canada Lynx habitat. This covers extensive acreage on both sides and below Resolution Bowl. (Source: Copper Mountain Trail Map)

FOURTEENERS – Colorado has 54 mountains that are 14,000 feet or higher. These are listed in the rafters in the covered bridge by Passage Point. The highest is Mount Elbert at 14,440 feet. A popular ascent close to Copper Mountain is Quandary Peak in the Ten Mile Range. Its elevation is 14,271 feet. See MOSQUITO RANGE for other nearby fourteeners.

FRANK’S FAVE – In honor of longtime Copper skier Frank Walter, the trail at the bottom of Collage has been renamed Frank’s Fave. Frank is in his 90s and skis every day. He rides up the first chair of the season with President Gary Rodgers and has that chair named after him.

FREE RIDE – A free taxi service provided by the Village at Copper, this electric vehicle goes around Center Village to the Chapel Lot and other base locations. Hours are during busy morning and mid-afternoon times. The car can be reached by dialing zero from any house phone.

FRIENDS OF THE DILLON RANGER DISTRICT – FDRD is a nonprofit closely aligned with the Dillon Ranger District that oversees, amongst many other volunteer programs, Ski With A Ranger on Fridays and Saturdays at Copper. Its mission is to promote stewardship of the White River National Forest in Summit County through partnerships, volunteer service, education and support.

FRISCO – The closest town associated with Copper Mountain. The name came from a combination of letters from the St. Louis – San Francisco Railway Company. In 1875 a scout named Captain Henry Learned named the area Frisco City in hopes of enticing the railroad here, but ultimately it went south through Frisco, Texas. In 1879-80 Frisco City was incorporated as the Town of Frisco. By 1882, two different railroad companies did service Frisco; the Denver, South Park & Pacific (D. S. P. & P.) and the Denver & Rio Grande (D. & R. G.). Captain Learned stayed in the area and went on to serve as a prominent community leader in Frisco. In 1898 electricity and phone service established, but cut off in 1913 and not restored until 1941. In 1955 Frisco received indoor plumbing, in 1969 a sewer system was constructed and in 1974 Frisco paved its streets. (Source: www.friscohistoricpark.com)

FROSTBITE – Localized damage to skin and other tissues due to extreme cold. First degree frostbite causes skin to appear yellow or white. There may also be slight burning sensations. This stage of frostbite is relatively mild and can be reversed by the gradual warming of the affected area. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

GEAR CHECK – Located next to The Fix Tune Shop in Copper One, guests pay a fee to store equipment during the day or overnight. Some weekly storage lockers are available in the adjacent hallway. Lost and Found is also located here.

GEAR UP – Located in the lower level of the EDGE, Gear Up provides all the uniforms for Copper’s employees. The uniforms can be washed free of charge and must be returned at the end of the season. Employees’ hats are provided as part of the uniform

14 and may be kept. Helmets are required for all employees and volunteers when on the mountain in uniform.

GEOCACHING – Copper and Summit County have a number of locations that are part of the international geocaching network. With almost 2 ½ million locations, there are over 6 million participants worldwide. More information is available at www.geocaching.com.

GLACIER AWARDS – Copper’s recognition awards for years of service beginning with ten years and continuing in five year increments. It is awarded the year following the completion of the landmark years. The highest awards so far are to Chris Colman and Bruce Hodson who have been with Copper over forty years.

GOLFING AT COPPER CREEK – A mix of links and mountain style holes designed by Pete and Perry Dye, Copper Creek accommodates the novice golfer from the forward tees while still providing a great test for the accomplished golfer. The front nine holes wind through natural alpine terrain, towering pines, numerous lakes and streams, all leading to rolling emerald greens. The back nine changes in character as the fairways cut through the forest and the scant remains of a 19th century mining town. The architects’ incorporation of the natural alpine terrain, unique use of railroad tie bulkheads and elaborate mound systems present thought-provoking challenges and scenic pleasures. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

GO PRO – A wildly popular video camera that can easily be used on a helmet while skiing, riding, swimming underwater or other activity.

GORE RANGE - The (elevation approximately 12,000 ft) is a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains of northwest Colorado. The range runs for approximately 60 miles (100 km) northwest-to-southeast, through western Grand and Summit counties, and southern Routt county. The Colorado River passes through the range at Gore Canyon. The northern section of the range north of Gore Pass is somewhat lower than the southern section, along the western side of the valley of the Blue River. The range is traversed at its southern and southwestern lower flanks by Interstate 70 from Silverthorne to Vail, all located within the White River National Forest. Copper Mountain is in the southern section of the Gore Range. Note that the area north of Copper Mountain across I-70 is the Eagle’s Nest Wilderness Area. The range was named for Sir George Gore, an Irish baronet who visited the area in the 1850’s on a notorious hunting expedition throughout the American West. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

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Photo: Jim Powell Gore Range - View East from Storm King Lift

Photo: Jim Powell Gore Range - View west from Storm King Lift

GRAND HALL – Grand Hall is located upstairs in Copper Station and has a cafeteria style restaurant in the winter. It is available for large groups to rent for banquets and special events.

GREEN ACRES – Trail so named because it is a golfing green in the summer. This area has been developed with terrain-based skiing for beginners. The lifts are Gem and Pitchfork. Portable rest room facilities and a food truck are available here.

GREEN FLAG – When the green flag is hanging on the front of the Timberline, PHQ and Six Patrol buildings, Tucker Mountain is open and the snowcat is operating.

GROCERY STORE – A variety of basic grocery type items are available, along with an ATM. McCoy’s Mountain Market is located across from West Lake.

GROOMING - Copper Mountain grooms many of its trails each night. Freestanding mountain trail maps at the Marquee Sign Center Village and at the top of American Eagle and American Flyer lifts give updated reports. One groomed trail is usually closed until noon each day and is called the “Noon Groomer”.

16 GROUP TICKETING – Located in Guest Services in Center Village, this desk serves group ticket sales. The three categories are race department, anyone who purchased their tickets through a third party, or guests that are with any designated large group.

GUEST SERVICES – Our main information center for purchasing season passes, lift tickets, Ski and Ride School lessons and other resort needs. Guest Services is located behind the retail shop and the Super Desk in the Copper Sports Center, in East Village and the Day Lodge at West Village.

HALF PIPES – Our world class super pipe is at the base of Main Vein and visible from Center Village. The sides are 22 feet high which is the International Olympic standard. It was opened in 2009 and was the first resort in North America to open a halfpipe of this size. The machinery used to carve the pipe is called a Zaugg. Our second halfpipe is 13 feet and is located in the terrain park and is carved with a smaller Zaugg.

HELICOPTER LANDING PAD – Flight for Life helicopters land next to the Athletic Club when summoned for serious medical emergencies. The helicopters are based at St. Anthony’s Hospital in Frisco.

HELMETS – Highly recommended for safety and warmth, helmets should be properly fitted for the most effective use. Helmets are required for all children 15 and under while in lessons for Ski and Ride School. All Copper employees and volunteers are required to wear helmets while skiing/riding while they are on duty. Rentals are available.

HIGH ALPINE PROJECT – Copper’s initiative is also known as the 12’s, in reference to our three peaks Tucker, Union and Copper that are all over 12,000 feet. It is a multi- year initiative towards increasing access to advanced terrain. Copper has over 1,000 skiable acres above timberline.

HISTORY OF COPPER – • INDIANS AND MOUNTAIN MEN - Although Copper Mountain Ski Area has been here since 1972, the area has a long history of occupancy. Ute, Arapahoe, Cheyenne and Sioux Indian tribes are known to have been here as long as 2000 years ago. Hearths, points and chips have been found both on Vail Pass and Copper Mountain. A bison with a flint in it was found at Copper’s shop area. Although there has been no official archeological study done, it is hypothesized that Copper Mountain was a hunting ground used by all of the surrounding tribes.

In 1806, mountain man John Fremont came to Summit County from South Park, Colorado. It is recorded that in 1844 he came back and camped in the area of present day Dillon Dam. He reported seeing herds of bison and expressed concern over the Indians around. Although Dillon appears to be as close as John Fremont got, Fremont Pass on Highway 91 between Copper Mountain and Leadville was named in his honor.

• MINING - In 1859, gold was discovered in Breckenridge. Some of the gold searching enthusiasm reached to the backside of Copper Mountain in Graveline Gulch. There are still several mines remaining there today. It is thought that Copper Mountain received its name during this period as there is a copper mine on the very top of the mountain. It was never a profitable venture though, due to 17 its extreme location and low grade copper ore. On ski trail Encore there are remains of another gold mine which could possibly have been part of the vein found in Graveline Gulch.

• JOHN S. WHEELER - In June 1859, John S. Wheeler was forced to leave Ohio due to poor health, possibly TB. He was lured by the grand stories of gold strikes in the West and ended up with two claims of his own in Fairplay, Colorado. By 1878, he owned a farm in Platteville, Colorado and was possibly a county judge. At this time Leadville was in the midst of the silver strikes and Wheeler was once again lured further west in search of a fortune. Wheeler apparently found Leadville too crowded and moved down the Ten Mile Canyon toward Copper Mountain. Here he eventually found his fortune, although not in gold or silver but by establishing a sawmill. His sawmill was the largest in the area and was the closest to Kokomo, the smelting center of all the surrounding mines. In 1879, Wheeler brought his family up with him from Platteville to their hay ranch and established a town known as Wheeler. Wheeler was at the base of present day Super B lift and ski trail Treble Clef. By 1880, Wheeler had a post office and eventually saw a peak population of 225. Known as Judge Wheeler, he covered the valley with hay fields and grazed his cattle on the surrounding hillsides.

By 1884, Wheeler had grown to include a store, hotel, smith shop, wagon shop, notary public’s office and post office. At this time Judge Wheeler moved back to Weld County, never coming back to Wheeler for more than a visit. Today’s Wheeler Hiking Trail which climbs the Ten Mile Range over to South Park was Wheeler’s old stock trail.

SAWMILLS - Although mines at Copper Mountain were never very prosperous, sawmills were. Lumber was in great demand. Railroads needed ties to lay track and the mines needed lumber for mine shafts. John S. Wheeler had established his mill in 1878. By 1880, Wheeler became the major loading area for lumber. Wheeler’s was the biggest sawmill out of the 52 in the area, and 29 of these were on the West Ten Mile Canyon alone. Vail and Shrine Passes were the largest logging operations in the area and always came to the Wheeler mill. Skid Road, a ski trail here at Copper, was the original skid road the old loggers used in hauling logs off Copper Mountain to the mill. The town of Wheeler, at the junction of three valleys coming from the north, east and west became an exciting place to live at this peak lumber supply meeting peak lumber demand.

• The logging industry attracted lots of Swedes to Wheeler. So many came that Swedes were the majority population in the area. On Copper Mountain is a cabin known as the Ollie Lind Cabin. Its walls were lined with Swedish newspapers, which helped to determine its Scandinavian origins.

• RAILROADS - In 1878 the only transportation to Wheeler was a stagecoach from Denver to Kokomo for $10.00. With the boom in mining and sawmills, railroads were working hard to get narrow gauge track laid to service Kokomo and Leadville. The Denver and Rio Grande (D&RG) got to Wheeler Junction in 1880. Known as the Blue River Line, it was completed from Keystone, Dillon, Frisco and Wheeler to Kokomo and Leadville by September 1882.

18 The Colorado and Southern Railroad (C&S) made it to Wheeler on New Year’s Eve, 1884. Although the C&S was slower, it was also better built. The C&S started in the Hoosier Pass area and came around through Dickey, which was a major switching yard. Today Dickey is better known as Farmer’s Korner, where Summit High School is now located.

Both the D&RG and C&S had stations at Wheeler. D&RG was using the name Wheeler Station, so C&S named theirs Solitude. The restaurant at the top of the American Eagle lift takes its name from this old station. At the base of Pitchfork and Gem lifts was another train turnaround.

The railroads were in constant competition. The D&RG had laid its line to Wheeler on the west side of Ten Mile Canyon. When the C&S came through, the D&RG made them lay track at least fifty feet from the D&RG at all points, so the C&S tracks came up the east side.

In 1881, newspaper clippings talk about the fierce competition the two railroad companies were in, but did not seem too concerned, just so long as one railroad came through. It also mentioned the sawmill. The railroad tie choppers were in favor of a railroad war which could have meant higher bids on their ties.

After both railroads were in business it seemed they often had to work together to survive the hardships of winter. The Big Snow Winter of 1889-1899 was an example of some hardships. D&RG cars were frozen into the snow at Wheeler Station. Several harsh storms forced both railroads to temporarily abandon service.

• AFTER SAWMILLS, RAILROADS AND MINING - In 1937, the last sawmill in the Wheeler area owned by S. L. Smith pulled out. Business had slacked off in all areas, each having some effect on the other. The mining boom was over and the railroads were built so the sawmills discontinued their service. The D&RG was gone by 1910. By 1937, the had nursed itself through the depression and was looking at World War II. Mining and sawmilling had become old concerns.

Subsequently, Copper Mountain remained unoccupied. Sheepherders had been coming to the area since 1900, but by 1920, official leases to graze were recorded. A popular grazing area of 2000 or more head of sheep was Jacque Bowl, located north of Copper Mountain. These sheepherders came back every summer until 1979. At the same time the sheep came in, the beaver colonies began to flourish. The sheepherders killed off lots of coyote to make it safe for the sheep, and also made it safe for the beavers. Soon the hayfields surrounding the ghost town of Wheeler were flooded with beaver ponds.

• DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF COPPER MOUNTAIN - Copper Mountain has been the center of activity for over 100 years: from Indians and mountain men to miners and loggers, and finally to skiers and snowboarders. Once again Copper is fulfilling a need of the people, this time as a quickly growing recreational activity center.

19 “If there were a mountain that had terrain created for skiing, it would be Copper Mountain. It is probably the most outstanding potential ski area available on the (now White River National Forest) and possibly in Colorado. The north-facing peaks of Copper Mountain offer an excellent variety of development for the expert, intermediate and beginner skiers. The unique thing is that all three varieties are separated by definite terrain features and in all three cases the skier can ski back into the base area. The mountain has good snow and sparse tree cover created by old burns which offers a tremendous opportunity to create natural type runs that lend in with the surrounding countryside.” Source: United States Forest Service, Recreation Evaluation Report, January 1970

In developing a ski area, great care is taken to see that the forest and wildlife are disturbed or harmed in the least possible manner. Copper’s one hundred year history of selective cutting has benefitted greatly in the healthy condition of the mountain’s forest.

In 1971, Copper Mountain, Inc. leased Copper Mountain from the National Forest Service to build a ski area. The first step was to clear the base area of the many beaver ponds and dams, which had flooded the entire valley. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to get the beavers to leave. Finally a Canadian Willow Muncher was brought in. It drove up and down and dug up, chewed up and spit out all of the willows in the valley. At this destruction of the beavers’ food source, the beavers moved on and the valley began to dry up.

Now work could be started on the mountain in building a ski area. The first priority was to build a road, and in the first year it was built almost up to where Solitude Station is now. A road meant access to the mountain for further development such as cutting trails and putting in ski lifts. Copper opened for skiing the first time on December 5th, 1972 with five ski lifts, 26 miles of trails and six new buildings. There were 135 skiers on the slopes. (Source: Echoes of the Past: Copper Mountain, Colorado)

Much study is done before any trees are cut for a run. Ecological studies are made determining a slope’s sun, wind and snow exposure in relation to the degree of steepness to insure a run that will get and hold adequate snowfall for skiing and snowboarding. Even after a run is cut and skied on for a winter season, it often is modified the next spring. After the mountain has closed for the season and the ground is covered with snow, spring logging begins. Trees are cut to snow level and skidded off the mountain causing little damage on top of the snow.

As spring temperatures melt the snow off the mountain the real work in maintaining and further developing the area continues. Stumps left from spring logging are removed and re-vegetation occurs. The runs are seeded and mulched to help prevent erosion. Water bars are dug and maintained to direct the water toward the trees where the soil can handle the flow and again erosion is avoided. The slopes are continually “rocked and stumped” until it becomes a healthy meadow, ready for a winter’s use. (Source: Jennifer Walker)

20 HODSON’S CUT – Formerly Cross Cut, this trail was renamed Hodson’s Cut in 2015 to honor Bruce Hodson for over forty years of service to Copper.

HYPOTHERMIA – Defined as any human body temperature below 95 degrees F. Appropriate clothing such as wool and polypropylene help prevent hypothermia, while cotton holds moisture and can exacerbate the condition. There are three levels from mild to fatal. Treatment involves removing individuals from the cold environment and rapid rewarming. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

ICE SKATING – Skating rentals are available at the Woodward Cage on the east side of West Lake. Skating is available depending on weather conditions from 10 AM to 9 PM. Paddle and bumper boats are available in the summer months.

INTERNET ACCESS – Free wireless access is available at all three base villages.

JACK’S SLOPESIDE GRILLE & BAR – Jack’s serves as a base lodge and food court for Center Village during the day. Après 3 – 6pm daily, live entertainment including Lefty Lucy from 3:30-6:00pm. Drink specials all day, every day.

JACQUE PEAK - Copper Mountain is permitted by the USFS to operate on the entire east and north faces of Jacque Peak, plus the south face of Tucker Mountain, although we do not advertise this. The name goes back to the 1800’s from a dispute over the Smuggler Mine. Owned by George Robinson, Colorado’s Lt. Governor, Robinson believed that his partner Capt. John W. Jacque was trying to take over the mine. Robinson posted guards, but was accidentally shot to death by one of his own sentries. Capt. Jacque was left to battle for years over his part ownership, hence the name of the trail Jacque’s Pique. (See MINING) Copper has a webcam on this 13,205 ft peak. (Sources: The New Summit Hiker by ME Gilliland, www.summitpost.org and www.coppercolorado.com)

JANET’S CABIN - Located at timberline in the Guller Creek drainage next to the Copper Mountain , Janet's Cabin attracts novice through expert skiers. The elevation is 11,610 feet. The hut was completed in 1990 by Summit Association (the hut owner). The lovingly crafted 3,000 square foot cabin is built with 10’ Montana pine logs. Four bedrooms sleep a maximum of 20 guests. There is a large front deck where visitors can watch skiers descend from the high bowls.

Janet's Cabin is dedicated to the memory of Janet Boyd Tyler, a Vail resident and avid skier who passed away in 1988. According to her eulogy, "Janet was renowned for her quick smile and readiness to constantly re-discover the joy of life. She discovered her life-long passion for skiing while attending school in New Hampshire. Early on, Janet met the challenges of the slopes, including (if the legends are true) Tuckerman Ravine in the NH White Mountains. She dug into all her pursuits with the same enthusiasm she gave to skiing, and she often viewed life's challenges from a skier's perspective.” Mountain views, fresh clear air, the beckoning of trees beside the trails, but most of all a good powder morning-these were all perceptions she carried every day. Janet's lifetime ski pass is now buried in the foundation of Janet's Cabin. (Source: www.huts.org)

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JILL’S UMBRELLA BAR & GRILLE - Open 11:00 to sunset daily, weather permitting. It is located at the base of the American Flyer lift on the Conference Center patio. The outdoor bar and barbeque sits in a sunny setting adjacent to Jack's Bar.

JJ’S – Located in the East Village at Copper Station, JJ’s has a full menu and après ski from 3-6 daily. Their outdoor patio is great on sunny days. Great live music, including Moe Dixon – visit www.jjstavern.com for dates and musicians.

KIDS’ NIGHT OUT - Sponsored by the Copper Mountain Resort Association, Kids' Night Out is a FREE childcare service offered to parents on the condition that $30 per child is spent in any commercial outlet at the resort during the hours that their children are in the program. Copper requires original receipts to verify the expenditure. Located in Belly Button Babies & Bakery childcare center in Mountain Plaza, this offer is for children at least three years old and potty trained through age 12, Wednesday through Saturday nights from 5:30 to 10:00. Possible activities include crafts, movies, games and Wii. Pizza is included. Reservations highly recommended at least 48 hours in advance.

KITING – A new fast growing sport soaring across ice. If you already have a board or skis you're halfway there! A short lesson is all you need to begin cruising across snow- packed Lake Dillon. Reservations at Guest Services.

KOKOMO – A beginner chairlift in West Village that was opened in 1981. It was originally called “K” lift. It was named after the mining town of Kokomo on Fremont Pass that is now buried under the Climax Mine tailings impoundments.

LAKE DILLON – Created in 1963, Lake Dillon covers 3,233 acres and is the Denver Water Authority’s largest source of water. The shore length is 26.8 miles and the surface elevation is 9,017 feet above sea level. Lake Dillon hosts two marinas, one each in Dillon and Frisco. Recreation includes boating, fishing and kiting. (Source: Sandy Mather, author of The Dillon Dam, and www.wikipedia.org)

LAKE DILLON AMPHITHEATER - of the Lake Dillon Foundation for Performing Arts which strives to provide quality free entertainment to residents and visitors of Summit County throughout the summer season. Built in the early 1980’s and improved in the 1990’s, the facility is visible along the east shore of Lake Dillon near the Dillon Marina and seats 4700. The Town of Dillon also presents many free programs. It is currently undergoing renovations to enlarge and improve the facilities. Nearby is a 22 children’s playground built in 2003 and Dillon Historic Park created in 2007 with many interpretive panels.

LETTERED TRAILS – Letters are located on some trails to assist Ski Patrol in locating guests in need. These are on the snowshoe/cross country trail amongst other trails.

LEWIS, CHUCK – Copper’s founder. Chuck Davis Lewis was a visionary whose many ideas are still prevalent in many aspects of Copper today. He negotiated a deal to purchase 280 acres at Copper’s base and worked with the Forest Service to establish parameters and guidelines for the ski area. (Source: Employee Handbook)

LEWIS RANCH – A neighborhood of private single family and townhomes below the Kokomo and Lumberjack lifts west of West Village. It was named after Chuck Lewis who was the founder of Copper Mountain.

LIFT TIMES – All lifts open at 8:30 on weekends and holidays, and 9:00 AM on weekdays. The exception is that Secret! Passholders can load 15 minutes early on American Eagle. Closing times start at the back with the Tucker Cat closing at 2 PM when it is operating. Access to the back bowls ends at 3 PM and the upper lifts close at 3:30. The rest of the front lifts close at 4 PM.

LIFTS – Copper Mountain has 24 lifts, including a six passenger high speed chair (Super Bee), five high speed quads (American Eagle, American Flyer, Excelerator, Union Creek, Timberline Express), 5 triple chairs (Resolution, Rendezvous, Sierra, Lumberjack, Kokomo), four double chairs (Pitchfork, Alpine, Blackjack, Mountain Chief), three surface lifts (Storm King, Celebrity Ridge, Gem), and five conveyer lifts (Easy Rider, The Glide, Rugrat, Slingshot, Stinger). Li’l Stormy is a magic carpet used in the summertime for Woodward Camps in the terrain park. The lifts were originally designated by a letter, but now have names. Frequently longtime Copper skiers will still call them by the letter name, such as “A” for Alpine Chair, “R” lift for the Rendezvous Chair, or “S” lift for the Sierra Chair. The Super Bee Lift replaced lifts “B1” and “B2”.

LILLIE G - Trail named after a mine that was on land now occupied by Copper Mountain (See MINING).

LIQUOR STORE – Snowbridge Square Liquors located in Snowbridge Square near the Chapel Lot.

LODGING CENTER - The lodging check-in and Athletic Club are located on Copper Road next door to Woodward Copper. Carbonate in Summit House East (East Village) and Copper Vacations in Snowbridge Square are independently owned condo rental businesses for separate check-ins.

LOCKERS – Day lockers are available for rent and are located in the lower level of the Copper Sports Center, West Village’s Day Lodge and Copper Station. They allow multiple entries during the time reserved.

LOST AND FOUND – Lost items can be checked on at Gear Check in Copper Sports Center. Items turned into Guest Services in East and West Villages will eventually go to Gear Check.

23 LOST CHILDREN/ADULTS – The Lower Patrol Room serves as information central in reconnecting separated individuals.

LOVELAND PASS - Loveland Pass, elevation 11,990 ft., is located on the Continental Divide in the Front Range west of Denver. It was first constructed in 1879 as a major stagecoach line. U.S. Route 6 traverses the pass. Loveland is the highest mountain pass in the world that regularly stays open during a snowy winter season. When the Eisenhower Tunnel opened in March 1973, it allowed motorists on Interstate 70 to avoid crossing the pass directly. Trucks that cannot pass through the tunnel (those carrying hazardous materials and those over 13.5' in height) must still cross Loveland Pass, 800 vertical feet above the tunnel. The pass is named for William A.H. Loveland, a resident of Golden during the late 19th century who was president of the Colorado Central Railroad. The town of Loveland, which is not located near Loveland Pass, is also named after him. (Source: www.wikipedia.org and www.friscohistoricpark.com)

LPR – Lower Patrol Room is located to the west of Center Village next to the Conference Center. This is a triage facility where injured guests can be assessed to determine if they need a higher level of medical care. Separated parties are also brought here and it is the central location for lost children and adults. The LPR is not always staffed, as patrollers are often called out to take guests to the clinic, or assist an injured guest in Center Village. If the door is locked, use the phone just outside the door. Services here are free of charge.

LUMBERJACK LIFT - A beginner chairlift along the west side of Copper Mountain that opened in 1981 along with Kokomo lift. This was originally known as “L” lift.

MAHI STREET TACOS – The new food shop in the former Belgian Bean location. Specialties include different kinds of fish, salads and quesadillas.

MARIJUANA POLICY – Although legal in Colorado, marijuana usage is not allowed on National Forest lands. It is also not allowed in public areas and usage is against Copper’s policy for employees and volunteers for medical or recreational cannabis.

MARQUEE SIGN – In Burning Stones Plaza, the four-sided permanent sign organized into four maps of the divided terrain and base village. This serves as the anchor point of Center Village.

MAX PASS – A multi-alpine experience season pass. This includes 5 days each at 22 mountains. The resorts that are included are Powdr – Copper, Mt Bachelor, Killington, Las Vegas Resort, Boreal and Pico; Intrawest – Blue Mountain, Snowshoe, Steamboat, Stratton, Mount Tremblant and Winter Park; and Boyne Resorts – Big Sky, Boyne Highlands, Boyne Mountain, Brighton, Cypress, Crystal Mountain, Loon, Sugarloaf, Sunday River and the Summit at Snoqulamie Pass.

MEDALLION GOLD PASS – The Medallion Pass is a transferable season pass for 21 of Colorado’s CSCUSA ski resorts. It looks like a medal, and costs in the range of $2,750.00 per season. This is a fundraiser via Colorado Ski Country USA.

MINING - Copper Mountain was part of the Ten Mile Mining District, which extends from Wheeler Junction up Ten Mile Creek to Fremont Pass. Ten Mile Creek is probably so named because it entered the Blue River 10 miles below Breckenridge. 24

After gold was discovered in the Leadville area (California Gulch) in 1859, prospectors came over Fremont Pass (then known as Arkansas Pass due to the headwaters of that river) to discover placer deposits in the upper end of the valley. A placer (sounds like placid, not place) is a river gravel deposit containing metallic gold, which can be recovered by simple gravity processes such as panning. This activity was short lived.

Mining activity picked up in 1875, when the Consolidated Ten Mile District was organized under Federal Mining Law. The targets were still placer deposits but now a new technique called Hydraulic Mining brought economies of scale to the operations. Water would be directed from a reservoir through iron pipes to the placer under high pressure which could wash large volumes of material into sluices which recovered the heavy minerals.

In 1876 the era of lode mining began in Leadville. The term ‘lode’ refers to so called hard rock deposits. When the first smelters were built in Leadville to process ore from such deposits, they made it economical to develop similar deposits in the Ten Mile District.

By 1880, there were 5 towns in the district: Wheeler, Recen, Kokomo, Robinson and Placerville. Judge John S. Wheeler located what he called the Junction Placer at the confluence of Ten Mile and West Ten Mile Creeks. His intention, however, was to establish a town not a mine. It soon became known as Wheeler and later Wheeler Junction. He built the first sawmill to supply lumber for the mines and railroads in the district.

Further up Ten Mile Creek were the towns of Recen and Kokomo, on the southeast slope of Jacque Mountain (later Jacque Peak), named for Captain John W. Jacque, a civil war veteran who prospected in the area. Recen was named for three Swedish brothers who were active prospectors and miners in the area. The oldest, Henry, built the first cabin in Frisco. Across Searle Gulch to the south was Kokomo, established by a town developer from Kokomo, Indiana. Kokomo at 10,618 ft. was the highest incorporated town in Colorado.

Across highway 91 from Kokomo (now under the Climax tailings) is Mayflower Gulch, which contains the remains of Boston, a gold camp established by the Boston Mining Co. in 1912. High up on the headwall of the cirque is the Gold Crest Mine, which operated into the 1930’s.

Further up the valley were Robinson and Carbonateville. The former was named for the Robinson Mine which had been grubstaked by George Robinson, a successful Leadville merchant, who was fast becoming the major mining tycoon in the district. Jacque and Robinson, partners in the Smuggler Mine, had a disagreement regarding their rightful shares. Jacque took Robinson to court and the dispute became quite bitter. In the fall, Robinson was elected Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, succeeding H. A. W. Tabor of Leadville mining fame. No sooner had Robinson returned from the election, than rumors started circulating regarding Jacque’s intention to take over the mine. Robinson gave orders to several men to assume defensive positions at the mine entrances. As it grew dark, Robinson was headed down to town and stopped to check on the men’s positions. They were hiding behind a locked door and when he shook the door to see if it was locked, one of them fired through the door, injuring him fatally. 25

Copper Mountain was named for a low-grade copper mine. There were two major mines on the slopes of Copper Mt., the Reconstruction and the Storm King. The latter was on the east side in Graviline Gulch. One of the largest mines in the district was the Queen of the West, located on the south slope of Jacque Mt. by the Recen brothers.

The Lillie G Traverse is named after a gold/silver mine on the back side of Copper Mt. There is a shaft that surfaces at the very top of the mountain. There is a shaft house containing remains of a boiler and hoist on the back side. It is visible about 1/2 mile east as you go under the Black Jack lift on to Otto Bahn. In the summer you can take a nice foot trail around the top of the mountain, which takes you right by this shaft house.

Two railroads served the district, the Denver and Rio Grande and the Denver, South Park and Pacific. The Rio Grande controlled the right of way through the Royal Gorge of the Arkansas on its way up to Leadville. The South Park, controlled by the Union Pacific, was forced to come over Boreas Pass, east of Breckenridge, down the Blue River to Frisco and then up Ten Mile Creek and over Fremont Pass to Leadville. The water stop at Wheeler Junction was known as Solitude.

In 1882, a fire swept through Wheeler, destroying the store, billiard hall, blacksmiths, post office, milk house and office building. The Judge never recovered financially. He borrowed $1,500 from the Summit County Bank at 2% per month and a year later the property was auctioned off.

Hard rock mining for gold, silver and base metals continued on and off in the district until 1950. Mining continues today at the Climax Molybdenum Mine at the top of Fremont Pass. (Source: ‘Mining the Summit’ by Stanley Dempsey and James E. Fell, Jr.)

MINI STARS – One hour private lessons for 2-5 year olds. They can be in diapers and SRS will pick them up from Belly Button Babies & Bakery.

MISSION AND CORE VALUES – Copper Mountain’s Mission is “Passion for the Mountain, Today and Tomorrow”. The Values are Employee Experience, Guest Loyalty and Financial Strength.

MOGULS – Bumps naturally formed by skiers and boarders following the same path down a trail. (And no, we do not put them in storage over the summer. Yes, it is a question we have been asked!)

MOLYBDENUM – An element used to harden steel that is mined in the Copper Mountain area at the Climax Mine on Fremont Pass on the way to Leadville.

MOONLIGHT DINNERS - Generally held on Saturdays during the full moon cycle, these dinners allow Copper Mountain Resort guests to experience the mountain in an intimate yet social evening setting, while also enjoying the natural beauty of the outdoors. Guests ride up the American Eagle lift to Solitude Station for a wonderful buffet dinner and live music. Afterwards everyone skis down on a groomed run to Center Village. New last year, the dates planned are for New Year’s Eve, Valentine’s Day and welcoming Spring. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

26 MOONLIGHT SNOWSHOE TOURS – Free moonlight snowshoe tours led by Copper Ambassadors around the time of the full moon during winter months. Accompanied by a snow ranger from Friends of the Dillon Ranger District. They are generally three hours long and advance reservations are required due to limited space.

MOSQUITO RANGE - The Mosquito Range (elevation approximately 14,000 ft) is a high mountain range in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States. The peaks of the range form a ridge running north-south for approximately 40 miles (64 km) from southern Summit County on the north end, then along the boundary between Lake and Park counties. The highest peak in the range is Mount Lincoln at an elevation of 14,286 ft. Other fourteeners in the range are Mount Bross (14,172 ft), Mount Democrat (14,148 ft), and Mount Sherman (14,036 ft). Copper has an outstanding view of the Mosquito Range at the top of the Rendezvous Lift where there is a labeled mountain range photo. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

MOUNTAIN CHIEF – Installed in 1995 when Copper Bowl opened, it is a lift out of this back bowl area that has a breathtaking view at the top.

MOUNTAIN HUT SYSTEM – Officially known at the 10th Mountain Division Trail Hut System, these series of 31 cabins provide cover for back country skiers and averages about 50,000 stays per year. There are none located on Copper Mountain property, however Janet’s Cabin is accessed from Copper Mountain via West Ten Mile trail or the Nordic ski trails.

MOUNTAIN MELTS – Formerly the Red Hots food location at the base of the American Eagle. Mountain Melts is a delicious Copper lunch spot that features grilled cheese, mac and cheese and other comfort foods.

MOUNTAIN SAFETY PATROL – The Copper Mountain Safety Patrol (MSP), formerly called Slope Watch, is a volunteer opportunity at Copper Mountain Resort working as an adjunct to the Ski Patrol. Their uniforms match Ski Patrol, but do not have the white crosses of the Ski Patrol.

The main focus of the MSP is to enhance the snow riding experience of the guest and employees at the resort by encouraging responsible skiing and boarding on the slopes. This is accomplished through SPEED:

S—Safety - This should be the first concern: your safety, then the guests’ safety P—Patrol Assistance - keeping scene safe, calling in accidents, comforting injured guest until Ski Patrol arrives E—Education - educating those unfamiliar with resort and resort’s policies, educating to the Code, etc. E—Enforcement - Guest hasn’t responded to education and violating of the Code warrants class or pass pulled D—Delighting the Guest -going above and beyond guest’s expectations, initiating conversation, directions…

MSP personnel are most visible on the Copper Mountain trails which are designated for “Slow” snow riding. Virtually all MSP activity is on green and blue rated trails. Special interest is provided to trails such as High Point, Coppertone, Rhapsody, Main Vein, and Skid Road. The merge areas of some trails are also provided coverage. When 27 involved in speeder education activities on resort slopes, MSP members are monitoring the speed of snow riders. Speed is evaluated as that which is appropriate for conditions on the trails (weather conditions, snow conditions, number of snow riders populating the trail, etc.) Many excellent skiers and boarders who are asked to moderate their speed explain that “they are in control”. Control is not generally the issue – speed for conditions is the key observation. (Source: Shauna Bocksch, Mountain Safety Patrol Foreman)

MOUNTAIN TOURS – Free mountain tours are offered by the Resort Ambassadors at 10:00 and 1:00 daily, weather and conditions permitting. Tours start at the Ambassador Hut just below the top of the American Eagle lift. Guests can sign up at Guest Services in advance, but those arriving directly at the Ambassador Hut are welcome to join the tour if space permits. Waivers are provided at the hut.

MOVIE RENTALS – A DVD rental vending machine is available in Copper Sports Center near the bottom of the escalators and at Lodging Check-In at the Athletic Club.

MOZ, THE – Trail named after Harry Mosgrove, the third president of Copper Mountain.

NATURALLY DIVIDED TERRAIN - At Copper, naturally divided terrain actually separates skiers and by their ability levels. This award-winning trail system is part of the reason Copper is considered Summit County locals’ favorite ski resort. The western area is generally for beginners, the central area is more intermediate, and the easternmost slopes are generally expert. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

NATURE CENTER - An outdoor structure located near Solitude Station at the top of the American Eagle lift that is a popular location for summer weddings.

NOON GROOMER – Each day one groomed trail is closed until noon to provide mid- day untracked conditions for our guests. Check daily grooming boards for location.

NORDIC SKIING – Copper offers 2.5 km of cross country trails east of East Village on the golf course, and 22 km of trails west of West Village. Trail maps are available at Guest Services.

NOVELLI’S LANDING – Set off to the side of Collage and hidden in the pines, Novelli’s Landing is named after Tony Novelli, an early owner of Copper. It has a picnic pavilion and barbeque area.

OFFICERS GULCH – Located in Ten Mile Canyon on Interstate 70, Officers Gulch is named after James Officer, a prospector and logger in the late 1800’s. He hauled his logs to a Frisco sawmill from this location. It was a stop on the Denver and Rio Grande railroad from approximately 1880-1911.

ORANGE FLAG – When this flag is flying by the main entrance to Copper at highway 91 and at the Chapel Lot entrance, employees and volunteers may park for free in the Chapel Lot with your current season pass for identification.

OTTO BAHN – Trail named for Skip Otto, former manager of mountain operations. It is an intermediate run in Copper Bowl.

28 OVERNIGHT SKI STORAGE – Gear Check has overnight ski and snowboard storage for a nominal fee. Some weekly locker rentals are also available at Gear Check.

OVER THE HILL GANG - The Over The Hill Gang originated at Copper Mountain in 1976 and has been going strong ever since. The club is very active and remains a true celebration of maturity and a testimony to skiing as a life time sport. This unique year- round program is operated by the Copper Ski and Ride School. Skiers and riders fifty years and over have the opportunity to share in lasting friendships and camaraderie while participating in skiing. Summer activities, community service and social events are planned by the members as “Friends of OHG” and not a part of Copper OHG.

The Gang skis in guided ability groups on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays from January to early April (except for Presidents’ Weekend). The day is filled with maximum sliding time as the OHG guides expertly show groups the hidden secrets of Copper. The day includes a social lunch, lift line privileges, après ski camaraderie and outstanding skiing. OHG meets at Jack’s in Center Village. (Source: Jennifer Walker)

PARK RATS – A Saturday program for kids 8 years and older that runs 4, 8 or 12 weeks. Park Rats can shred in the Barn, park and halfpipe with their favorite Woodward coaches.

PASSAGE POINT – The main entrance and building to Center Village by the Beeler Lot and across the covered bridge. The bus to and from the Far East lot stops here.

PHQ – Patrol Headquarters, one of three on-mountain Ski Patrol buildings and is located at the top of the Excelerator Lift. PHQ is generally responsible for the eastern terrain of Copper Mountain. Guests are always welcome to visit and meet the avalanche dogs.

PINE BEETLE EPIDEMIC – An enormous number of lodgepole pines have fallen victim to the Pine Beetle. Fortunately, Copper Mountain has mostly spruce trees which are less susceptible, but millions of acres of national forest lands have been affected.

The forests in Summit County have been shaped significantly by many influences over the past 150 years. During the mining and railroad era, large quantities of wood were harvested as close as possible to its use. The largest trees were used and the remaining small trees and slash were typically burned to clear the site, occasionally getting out of control. The result is that a large portion of the forest seen now was logged and burned from the 1860’s to 1900’s. Therefore the current forest started from seedlings or the smaller trees that remained after the disturbances of the mining era 110 to 150 years ago.

In general, as trees grow older they become less vigorous and are more susceptible to insects and disease. Many of our local lodgepole pine forests are at or nearing their maximum age of close to 120 years and have been weakened, due to drought, overcrowding, and other stresses such as parasitic mistletoe. Lodgepole pines are dependent on disturbances, especially wildfires, to regenerate. Years of extinguishing forest fires rather than controlled burns have had an impact as well. The other element in the environment that has changed is human habitat development in close proximity to the forests. 29

The mountain pine beetle has been part of the natural forest evolution for thousands of years, helping to break down old and dead trees into rich soil for new plants. With warmer winter temperatures (we need minus 30 to 40 degrees to kill the larvae) and a huge number of stressed contiguous lodgepoles, the natural cycle has become an epidemic. These 5 mm long beetles bore into the bark and disrupt the phloem, laying larvae. A healthy lodgepole can push out the beetles, but when a large number of beetles attack a stressed tree, they can kill the tree within weeks of their attack. The adult mountain pine beetle introduces blue-stain fungal spores which is the greatest contributing factor in the death of the tree.

There is little that can be done to protect weakened lodgepoles. There are preventative sprays, but ultimately there is a 90 – 95% mortality rate among mature lodgepole pines. Verbenone, an anti-aggregation pheromone of the mountain pine beetle, has been used around campgrounds and water areas. It is non-toxic to humans and animals as well as the beetles. It simply tells the beetles that the tree is occupied and to look elsewhere.

Fire mitigation has become a huge concern with the high number of dead and dying trees. Large areas are being logged, especially in areas of potential crisis. The logs are being used for lumber, and the slash can be used for wood stove pellets, garden mulch, firewood and as well as other uses. An attractive denim color stain is produced by the fungus that does not decay the wood and has become popular for homes. Also, there has been a noticeable rebound of logged areas with more wildflowers, aspens and other seedling conifers thriving. Efforts to transplant seedlings from crowded areas to reforest campgrounds are being implemented. Much is being learned about forest management for future generations to be able to avoid a repeat of this epidemic. (Source: Guide to Forest Health, a supplement to the Summit Daily News, and Dillon Ranger District personnel).

PLAYMAKER OF THE MONTH – Monthly recognitions by Copper Mountain for employees and volunteers who go above and beyond in representing our resort.

PLAYMAKERS – All Copper Mountain employees and volunteers are Playmakers because they share their passion for the mountain with our guests in every experience they create.

POMA LIFTS – Celebrity Ridge and Gem are the two platter style surface lifts.

POST OFFICE – Copper’s post office is in Westlake Lodge, across the West Ten Mile Creek and north of West Lake. There is mail drop-off only. Postage stamps may be purchased at the Business Center.

30 POWDR – The corporation that owns Copper Mountain. Powdr Adventure Lifestyle Company is based out of Park City, Utah and also owns Eldora, Killington, Mt Bachelor, Boreal Ridge, Pico, Gorzaga Park, Las Vegas Ski and Snowboard Resort, Soda Springs and all of the Woodwards. Among other businesses, they also own the cable channel Outside TV.

QUESTION MARK – The Copper Ambassador symbol.

RACING – Copper offers race camps, club racing, Masters skiing program, business league races, timed public racing, alpine snowboard program, and hosts many national and international events. More information is available at www.coppercolorado.com or from the Ski and Ride School desk.

REAL ESTATE – Guests interested in renting or buying property at Copper can contact three different businesses.

• Copper Real Estate Brokers is located near Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory and do sales, development and listings.

• Carbonate Real Estate is in Summit House East building in East Village and has been there since 1974. They do real estate and lodging.

• Copper Real Estate Brokers in Snowbridge Square Mall in Center Village does sales and rentals.

REPAIR BENCH – A repair bench is available in the hallway outside the Fix It shop.

RESORT AMBASSADORS – Established during the 1997-98 season and highly visible in vivid green, turquoise and black with question mark logo, this is Copper’s team of hosts and hostesses. Around 155 volunteers participate fourteen days each winter with the single goal of making every guest feel special. Ambassadors conduct free mountain ski tours and snowshoe tours, answer questions, assist in Copper’s rental shops, guide guests to mountain destinations, gather information for guest surveys, are positive advocates, promote safety and have a visible presence in all areas. A small cadre of Summer Ambassadors serve as welcoming and informative representatives of Copper Mountain’s summer activities.

RESORT APP – Copper now has a Copper Mountain Resort App which encompasses the mountain, village, activities, restaurants, room reservations and Sherpa. Sherpa 2.0 is an updated award winning audio app that gives hands-free, real-time insider intelligence across the entire mountain. Sherpa tells what you're near, where to go and what to do when you get there. Its locals only, insider information, available for the first time to everyone on the mountain. Sherpa taps into the knowledge of lifelong employees, ski patrol and local experts and makes that wisdom available to anyone with a mobile device. Sherpa was launched in the 2013-14 Copper Mountain Ski Season. The download is free. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

RESTAURANTS – Listed by type: (See Copper Link for a comprehensive guide) American: Endo’s, Incline Bar & Grille, CB Grille, JJ’s, Double Diamond, Mountain Melts

31 Bars: On the Rockies, Endo’s, Incline, CB Grille, JJ’s, Double Diamond, Storm King, Jill’s Umbrella Bar & Grille, Mulligan’s Irish Pub, Casa Sanchez Barbeque: Jill’s Umbrella Bar & Grille, JJ’s, Eagle Barbeque Cafeteria: Jack’s, Solitude Station, Grand Hall, Union Creek Café Coffee Shop: Camp Hale, Sky Chutes Coffeehouse, Flyers Grille, Starbucks Donut Shop: Sugar Lips Mini Donuts, Sky Chutes Coffeehouse Ice Cream: Sugar Lips Mini Donuts Irish: Mulligan’s Irish Pub Mexican: Casa Sanchez Pizza: Gustino’s, A Lift Pizza, Jack’s Sandwiches: Healthy Tomato, Camp Hale, Jack’s Seafood: Mahi Street Tacos, CB Grille, Storm King Slopeside: Solitude Station, T-Rex Grille, Flyers Grille Snacks: Mountain Top Cookie Shop, City Pops, McCoy’s Mountain Market Sushi: Storm King

RESTROOMS – Public restrooms are located in Copper Station in East Village, Copper Sports Center in Center Village, Schoolhouse and Day Lodge in West Village and the Transportation Center. Center Village also has facilities in Mountain Plaza, Snowbridge Square and next to Gustino’s at West Lake. On-mountain restrooms include Solitude Station, T-Rex Grille, Patrol Headquarters, the freestanding building just below PHQ and Timberline Patrol.

RESERVATIONS – Reservations for various Copper locations can be made at the specific business, Guest Services, www.coppercolorado.com, the Copper Mountain Resort App and the Copper Call Center.

RETAIL - Listed by type: (See Copper Link for a comprehensive guide) Banking: Alpine Bank Boots: Sure Foot, Kelly’s Closet Business: Business Center Clothing and Gifts: Kelly’s Closet, Shirt Off My Back, Copper Sports, Kokomo, Woodward Copper Cage, Woodward Barn, Gravitee, Copper Collection Colorado Made: Kokomo Groceries: McCoy’s Mountain Market Jewelry and Gifts: Rame Jewelers, Kokomo Ski/Ride: Copper Sports, Copper Rocker, Peak Sports, Woodward Copper Cage, Rebel Sports, Fuxi Racing, Breeze, Christy Sports Snowboard: Gravitee

RFID – Radio Frequency Identification. Encoded ski passes that can be scanned through clothing. Currently the Rocky Mountain Super Pass and the Max Pass have RFID, but Copper still needs to scan visible passes.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN SUPER PASS – A multi-mountain season pass that includes Copper, Winter Park and Steamboat Springs. The Super Pass Plus also includes limited visits to Eldora, , Alyeska and New Zealand’s Mt Ruapehu. The service desk is located inside of Guest Services in Center Village. . ROSI’S RUN – Trail named after Rosemarie "Rosi" Mittermaier-Neureuther who won the World Cup on this slope in 1976 at the age of twenty-five. 32

SAWMILL FLATS – The flat area at the junction of Main Vein, Bouncer, Collage, Andy’s Encore and Skid Road where Chuck Lewis installed a sawmill to process the trees removed during the initial construction of Copper Mountain. The sawmill business was called Thick and Thin. The equipment was sold after initial construction was completed.

SCHOOLHOUSE – The building on the eastern side of West Village that includes the children’s Ski and Ride School facilities including rentals and restrooms. The building on the western side is referred to as the Day Lodge, and has the adult rentals, retail shop, ticket windows, restrooms, lockers and restaurant.

SCOOTERS - Three and four week ski and snowboard camps in the Ski and Ride School for kids ages 4-12. They meet in West Village. The camps end with a Scooter Olympics.

SEASONAL LOCKERS – Seasonal locker rentals are available through Guest Services. These lockers are located in the hallway across from Gear Check, in East Village and at the former Alpine Club.

SEASON PASS – A variety of passes are available. Details are available on the www.coppercolorado.com website or from Guest Services.

SECRET! PASS – The Secret! Pass is a way to go to the head of the liftline. Lodging guests have the option of signing up for the Secret Pass!, skip ticket windows and go directly to the dedicated lift line. They can also make first tracks every morning by loading the American Eagle lift 15 minutes earlier than non-Secret! Pass ticket holders and using a VIP line in Copper's rental shops during peak hours. Guests are given a special Secret! Pass credential card in place of a lift ticket. This credential will allow them to access specially designated lines at the following lifts: American Eagle, American Flyer, Super Bee, Excelerator, Kokomo, Union Creek and Timberline Express. The Secret! Pass is included in Lodging and Lift Ticket packages. Secret! Pass lift tickets are also available for purchase as an upgrade on the full window price at any Copper ticket window. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

SHORT TERM PARKING – A small parking lot on the south side of Ten Mile Circle with 15 minute parking. Busses and other larger vehicles should use Flyer Lot.

SIX PATROL – Also known as “Motel Six”, it is one of three on-mountain patrol buildings, generally responsible for upper mountain and Copper Bowl areas. It is located near the top of Mountain Chief lift on Union Peak. There are no restroom facilities at this location.

SKI CHECK - Guests may check their equipment overnight or for the day at Gear Check for a fee. Located in Center, East and West Villages.

SKI AND RIDE SCHOOL - PSIA and AASI trained instructors offering a variety of teaching styles and innovative programs to progress at individual speed with safety and confidence. (Source: coppercolorado.com)

33 • PRIVATE LESSONS - Advance individual abilities in a family & friends private lesson, or maximize instruction in a one-on-one lesson. All ages, abilities, and goals welcome in these top of the line, customized experiences. Private lesson sign-ups are at the Ski and Ride desk across from Jack’s.

• GROUP LESSONS - Improve skills with a professional instructor and a friendly group of people of similar ability. They also give children the opportunity to ski and ride with other youth of the same age and ability, make new friends, and explore the coolest trails. All group lessons meet at West Village.

• WOMEN’S WEDNESDAYS – Welcoming women of all levels beginner to expert. Talented female instructors work at a comfortable pace in a women-friendly environment. It's a great way to improve skiing or riding in a unique setting and enjoy the social aspects of this dynamic program.

• BUMP BUSTER SERIES – Two day camps designed to master the toughest elements of skiing and riding.

• YOUTH PROGRAMS – Multi-session Scooters, Choppers and Trailblazers programs provide the opportunity for children of all ages to develop a passion for the sport and take their skills beyond their parents’ abilities. Youth group lessons are ages 3-5, 6-12 and teen lessons for 13-17. Mini Star private one hour lessons are available for 2-5 year olds.

• SIGNATURE 5-7 Lessons – Group lessons for children and adults. The designation depends on age group to determine group size. Signature 5 is for 3- 5 year olds with a maximum class size of five. Signature 7 is for 6-15 year olds with a maximum class size of seven.

• OVER THE HILL GANG - Ski Copper January through April with a group of new friends. OHG offers guided skiing for members 50 or older.

SKI AND RIDE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY – This is an incentive program to attract individuals 18 and older completely new to skiing and riding. For an extremely reasonable price, the S&RSU package includes 3 ski or snowboard lessons with rentals, lift tickets, close in parking and two lunches. When participants “graduate” from the program and complete their third lesson by early April, they’ll receive a Copper Mountain season pass for the rest of this season as well as a 50% discount on a season pass for the following winter.

SKIER RESPONSIBILITY CODE - One of the most important ways to prepare for a safe snowsports experience is by knowing “The Code.” Knowing the Skier Responsibility Code can help keep everyone safer on the slopes. Safety on the slopes is everyone's responsibility.

• Always stay in control and be able to stop or avoid objects. • People ahead of you have the right of way. It is your responsibility to avoid them. • Do not stop where you obstruct the trail or are not visible from above. • Whenever starting downhill or merging into a trail, yield to others.

34 • Always use devices to help prevent runaway equipment. • Observe all posted signs and warnings. • Keep off closed trails and out of closed areas. • Prior to using any lift, you must know how to load, ride, and unload safely. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

SKI PATROL – Copper Mountain has over fifty full time paid ski patrol members, a staff of volunteer patrollers and avalanche dogs. Their day starts an hour before the lifts open and goes until the mountain is cleared of the general public. Their main responsibilities are guest safety, handling accidents, checking each trail at least twice daily, marking hazards, opening or closing trails, supervising safety on special events and avalanche control. The patrollers are divided into teams that rotate between Timberline, Patrol Headquarters and Six Patrol. Patrollers are also stationed at the top of Tucker Mountain when it is open.

All patrollers have extensive training for various emergency situations and are EMTs. Injured guests are brought down in toboggans where warranted and generally transported to the Clinic for further medical treatment. There is no charge for ski patrol services (in Europe the ski patrol charges for on-mountain services, so some foreign guests may erringly decline help) but the Clinic is a medical facility that does have a financial cost.

The Mountain Safety Patrol serves as an auxiliary to the Ski Patrol wearing similar jackets, but the Ski Patrol has large white crosses on their uniforms.

SKI SCHOOL SHUTTLE – The snowmobile with attached twelve person sleigh to transport Ski and Ride School students from one location to another in the base area. This was formerly known as the Ski School Sherpa and is not for general guest use.

SKI WITH A RANGER – Offered by the Friends of the Dillon Ranger District, volunteers in Forest Service uniforms meet with guests on Fridays and Saturdays at 11:00 at the top of Timberline Express to give a free talk about the flora, fauna and winter conditions of the area. It lasts 45 minutes to an hour. Copper Ambassadors assist with the groups.

SKIJORING – A winter sport where a person on skis is pulled by a horse, dog or dogs, or a motor vehicle. It is derived from the Norwegian word skikjoring meaning ski driving. Since 1949, Leadville has held an annual skijoring competition with horses the first weekend in March. The horse and rider pull a skier at a fast pace through a course that has gates, jumps and rings. The skier is timed through the course, and penalties are assessed by missing gates or jumps, and by missing or dropping any of the rings. The competitors race for cash prizes, and teams are made up by a random drawing.

35

SKY CHUTES – Visible from parts of Copper Mountain, several avalanche chutes are visible across highway 91 (to Leadville) that with a good imagination, spell out S-K-Y.

SKY CHUTES COFFEEHOUSE – Copper-owned coffee shop located at the Conoco station. They feature Daylight Donuts. SLEIGH RIDES – Enjoy the mountain beauty and majesty in an enchanting horse drawn sleigh ride. All sleigh rides meet at the Beeler Barn across from the Transportation Center at Copper Mountain. Arrangements are made at Guest Services or by contacting Bob at 970-968-2232.

SLOT CAR TRACK – Trail named for an early ski school supervisor nicknamed “Slotcar”.

S’MORES BY THE FIRE PIT – S’more kits are available at McCoy’s Mountain Market and Kokomo in Center Village to enjoy at Copper’s fire pits.

SNOW BIKES – Specialized bikes with short skis that can go up on the chairlift and ridden down the mountain. Bikes can be reserved at www.rogerssnowbikerentals.com Guests meet a snow bike representative near Peak Sports.

SNOW CAM – Copper has several snowcams that broadcast on www.coppercolorado.com. They are located at Woodward Barn, two in Center Village, one at the top of the Super Bee and one on Union Peak.

SNOWCATS – Large mountain vehicles used for grooming trails and accessing Tucker Mountain.

SNOWDECK – A skateboard that is mounted on a short ski and is ridden like a snowboard without bindings. It must have a leash and is also known as a snowskate.

SNOWFALL – Approximately one septillion snow crystals fall each year. That would be 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. (Source: American Dreams)

36 SNOWMAKING – Copper has the ability to make snow on over 475 acres. Some of the snowmaking guns are visible from the Super Bee and American Eagle lifts. New snowmaking has been added in the Timberline Express area and the US Olympic Team Speed Center training course.

SNOWMOBILES – Ski Patrol and various on-mountain personnel use snowmobiles to facilitate and expedite movement across the mountain. “Snowmobile Only” lanes are for everyone’s safety.

SNOWMOBILING - Snowmobiles are available to rent with an experienced backcountry guide on trails going over 10,000 feet. Reservations are made at Guest Services or by contacting the Call Center at 866-275-7869.

SNOWSHOEING – Copper Ambassadors offer free snowshoe tours. Snowshoes can be rented at West Village Gear Check, Rebel Sports or guests may provide their own. The tours meet at the Schoolhouse at West Village at 10 AM and 1 PM, and depart from West Village. Waivers are available at the meeting place. The tour follows the Recreation Path towards Vail Pass. The morning tour is a larger loop covering about 3 miles lasting 3 hours and guests must be 15 years or older. The afternoon tour is shorter, covering about 1.5 miles or 1 ½ hours and includes guests 8 years or older. Ambassadors usually carry water and granola bars. General snowshoeing is done on the nordic trail system. Guests are highly encouraged to make reservations at Guest Services.

SNOWSHOE RENTALS – Snowshoe rentals are available at West Village Gear Check and Rebel Sports.

SOLITUDE STATION – Mid-mountain restaurant at the top of the American Eagle lift. The upstairs includes the Camp Hale coffee shop and snack bar, outdoor grille, restrooms and a seating area. Downstairs has a cafeteria facility and a larger seating area. Named after one of the old railroad stations in the Copper Mountain area.

SPA FACILITIES – Guests can pamper themselves with a facial or a relaxing massage at the Copper Mountain Athletic Club. Treatments include complimentary use of the pool, weight room, cardio equipment, spas, steam rooms and racquetball on the same day of the service. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

SPAULDING BOWL – One of Copper’s main bowls. Opened in 1985, it was serviced by A-1 and Storm King lifts. A-1 lift is now the Resolution chairlift.

STORM KING LIFT – The T-bar at the top of Copper Peak replacing an old platter lift. The area has been regraded for easier access.

SUMMIT COUNTY RESCUE GROUP – An all-volunteer rescue group, SCRG is part of the Summit County Sheriff’s Department. They have the training, experience, skill and equipment to handle any backcountry emergency throughout our Rocky Mountain area. They work closely with other emergency organizations such as Summit Ambulance, Flight for Life and the National Guard. Further information and wilderness survival recommendations are available at www.scrg.org.

37 SUMMIT STAGE - The Summit Stage, a free shuttle bus system for Summit County, has Copper stops at Passage Point in Center Village, the east side of Wheeler Circle in East Village, Woodward at Copper Barn and the main entrance. The Summit Stage also has limited trips to Leadville for a fee.

SUNSCREEN – At higher altitudes the risk for sunburn and more serious skin damage can be as much as four times stronger than sea level, and additional reflection off of the snow enhances the effect. Sunscreen is highly recommended.

SUPER BEE LIFT – Installed in 1998, the Super Bee is Colorado’s first six passenger high speed lift. Earlier Copper lifts were all lettered, so Super Bee replaced two lifts that were the original B and B-1 lifts.

SUPER DESK – The Guest Services desk in the rental area of Copper Sports in Center Village. This is a multipurpose location that can handle rentals, retail, lessons, season passes and lift tickets all at one location.

T BAR – The new Storm King lift that replaced an old platter lift on Copper Peak that goes to Spaulding Bowl and Upper Enchanted Forest.

TAXI RIDES - Snowmobile or toboggan rides provided by Ski Patrol for mountain guests who are stranded on the mountain and cannot make it down by themselves.

TEAM SUMMIT – The official club for Summit County. They have competitive alpine and snowboarding events. Team Summit has full time daily, weekend, and one day development groups for youth through masters. They train at Arapahoe Basin, Breckenridge, Keystone and Copper. Their Copper meeting place is on the third floor of the Copper Valley condos. More information is available at www.teamsummit.org.

TELEMARK - Telemark skiing is a term used for skiing using the Telemark turn. It is also known as "free heel skiing." Unlike alpine skiing equipment, the skis used for telemarking have a binding that only connects the boot to the ski at the toes, just as in cross-country skiing. Telemark turns are led with the heel flat on the outside ski (the downhill ski at the end of the turn), while the inside (uphill) ski is pulled beneath the skier's body with a flexed knee and raised heel. The skis are staggered but not quite parallel, and 50% to 60% of the body weight is distributed on the outside ski, depending on snow conditions. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

TEN MILE CIRCLE – Located east of Center Village, this is the drop off and pick up point for the Alpine Lot free shuttle bus and the Copper Loop bus. There is a pay parking structure located nearby (Ten Mile Circle Lot) and fifteen minute parking for guests to use for drop off and pick up.

TEN MILE CIRCLE LOT – The two level pay parking structure to the east of Ten Mile Circle. This was formerly known as B Lot.

TEN MILE RANGE – The Ten Mile Range stretches from Frisco south past Breckenridge to the Continental Divide. It is seen looking east from Copper Mountain across Highway 91 (to Leadville). Of particular interest is Peak 8 where skiers at Breckenridge can often be seen if they have climbed above the Imperial Lift. Note that 38 Breckenridge is less than five miles away “as the crow flies” although it is at least fifteen miles by car. The Ten Mile Range was named by Richard Sopris in 1860 and is actually 17 miles long.

Photo: Jim Powell Ten Mile Range

TENTH MOUNTAIN DIVISION – The US Army’s Tenth Mountain Division was an elite group of 17,000 men who served during WW2 as ski troopers and defeated the Germans in the battle of Riva Ridge in Italy. They were activated in 1941 and spent four years of training at Camp Hale near Leadville where they learned artillery, rock , brutally cold winter survival and many other skills. Inspired by the ski troops of Finland that defeated the Russians, Charles “Minnie” Dole appealed to the US Army to establish this corps. Expert skiers from the Northeast and other parts of the US joined, as well as non-skiing Midwesterners drafted to handle the pack mules. Skis were made of wood and over seven feet long, and the troops wore wool, leather and carried 93 pound packs.

Casualties were heavy with 987 killed in combat and around 4,000 injured. Many members of the Tenth that returned came back to a life in the ski industry. Minnie Dole had already established the National Ski Patrol. John Litchfield developed Aspen, while Pete Seibert established Vail and Ernie Blake opened Taos. Former Vice President Bob Dole was a member of the Tenth Mountain Division. There is a memorial near Ski Cooper to the troops who gave their lives. The Tenth Mountain Division is still active and is based at Fort Drum in New York. (Source: Tom Brokaw’s video “Triumph of the Tenth”, and Richard Over, former member of the Tenth Mountain Division Signal Corps).

TERRAIN PARKS – See WOODWARD TERRAIN PARK

TERRAIN ZONES - Terrain zones are a national trail rating system that are relative to the respective ski area. Green Circle is easiest terrain. Blue Square is intermediate. Single Black Diamond is considered expert terrain. Double Black Diamonds are considered ‘expert only’ terrain. Double Black Diamonds on a yellow background are High Alpine Adventure Terrain. Rarely groomed and designated for expert snowriders only, unmarked obstacles can be expected. Double Black Diamonds on a yellow background with an E and X on the diamonds indicate Extreme Terrain for experts only, and contains cliffs, very steep (50 degree or greater pitch) slopes as well as rocks and other hazards. (Source: Copper Mountain Trail Map)

TICKET WINDOWS – Located in Copper Station in East Village, under Jack’s at the Copper Sports Center in Center Village, and the Day Lodge in West Village. Tickets are also available at Guest Services in all villages.

39 TIMBERLINE – The altitude at which trees stop growing, generally around 11,000 feet in the Colorado Rocky Mountain area. Also known as treeline, determining factors include aspect of slope, rain shadow, climate, proximity to either geographical pole and additional local factors. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

TIMBERLINE EXPRESS – High speed chairlift from midmountain on the west side to near the top of the American Flyer. It was installed in in 1995 and replaced “I” and “J” lifts.

TIMBERLINE SKI PATROL – Located at the top of the American Flyer chairlift, this is one of three on-mountain Ski Patrol buildings and is generally responsible for the western side of Copper Mountain terrain. Guests are welcome.

T-REX GRILLE – Located at the bottom of the Timberline Express lift, this outdoor restaurant serves quick meals that can be enjoyed at the multi-level deck. On sunny days, lounge chairs are set out to sit back and relax. The building was brought from the 1996 Atlanta Olympics where it was originally a Burger King. Restrooms are available.

TRAILBLAZERS – Weekly ski and ride adventures in the Ski and Ride School for kids ages three to kindergarten. They meet Thursday or Friday at West Village, morning or afternoon sessions and have continual supervision. Sessions are four weeks long.

TRAIL NAMES – Originally, Copper’s trails were all numbered. Later, they were named through a contest. Sometimes the names are related to the original numbers. For example, Trail 2 is now Too Much; Trail 3 is Triple Treat; Trail 4 is now Formidable. Trail 1 is now Far East which may sound like “first” if slurred fast enough!

TRANSPORTATION CENTER – The main building for Copper’s bus system is located near the Alpine Lot. Restrooms are available.

TREES (CONIFEROUS AND DECIDUOUS) – The White River National Forest has both evergreen and leaf shedding trees. (Source: FDRD manual)

• BRISTLECONE PINE – 45 feet tall, often twisted and stunted, grey to brown bark. Needles are stout, in clusters of 5, less than 2” long and coated in specks of resin.

• QUAKING ASPEN – Deciduous, 60 feet tall. Bark is smooth and whitish. Leaves are 3” long, roundish on long flattened stalks. HABITAT: Prefers moist slopes and stream banks, but also invades avalanche gullies and burned areas. Generally a pioneer species. Foothills to Subalpine. REPRODUCTION: Aspens can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Sexually they produce wind born 40 seeds. There are both male and female trees. Asexually they can reproduce by sending out “runners” from their root system (This is called vegetative reproduction or root suckering.). When a suitable spot is found a new tree forms. COOL FACTS: 1. Aspens are the main deciduous tree found in the forested regions of Colorado. There are others which grow along water ways but they are few in numbers. 2. The bark of the Aspen contains salicylic acid which is the same active ingredient found in aspirin. The local Native Americans used this bark in many ways to fight many of the same illnesses we use aspirin for (fever, headache etc.). 3. The bark also contains a white powder which provides some ultra violet protection for the tree. This is necessary because the Aspen tends to grow in exposed areas like logging sites or burns. This powder was also used as a sunscreen by the Native Americans. 4. There is chlorophyll contained in the cambium layer of the bark allowing the tree to photosynthesize even when it has no leaves. This is an advantage in the late fall and early spring when there is lots of sun but temps are still fairly low. 5. An Aspen grove could be the largest living organism on earth due to its ability to reproduce asexually depending on how you define “organism”. Therefore all the trees in the grove are genetically identical.

• DOUGLAS FIR - 150 feet tall with cylindrical crown. Thick, furrowed, dark brown bark. Needles are single, 1 1/4” long soft, flat, with rounded ends. HABITAT: They like shady ravines with rocky slopes and deep soil. Foothills to Subalpine. REPRODUCTION: Male cones are reddish. Female cones are yellowish, 4” long, with very distinctive 3 pronged bracts coming out from the scales. They look like little mouse tails. COOL FACTS: 1. Douglas firs are not true firs but a false hemlock. One big giveaway is that the cones grow all over the branches and not just straight up. 2. The needles are fairly good to eat and contain some vitamin C.

• LODGEPOLE PINE - 90 feet, reddish to grey bark. Needles stout, twisted, in pairs and 2 ½ inches long with sharp tips. HABITAT: A pioneer species that likes dry slopes and burned areas. Foothills to Subalpine (Mostly found in the Montane). REPRODUCTION: Male cones are small and orange. Female cones are reddish brown, lopsided, and 2” long. COOL FACTS: 1.Lodgepoles are sun loving trees. They tend to grow very tall and straight in their race for the sun. 41 This also causes the lower branches on the tree to be shaded out and they die. 2. Because they grow so tall and straight the young trees were perfect for poles made by the Utes (local tribe). These poles were also traded to the plains Indians. 3. The needles of the lodgepole are very high in acid content so when they fall to the ground they make the soil very acidic. Only a few species of plants can grow in this soil so there is very little ground cover in a lodgepole forest. The needles of the tree can be boiled and made into a tea. They can also be eaten raw but are very bitter. 4. The trunk of most lodgepoles grows in a spiral.

• ENGLEMANN SPRUCE – 100 feet tall narrow and steeple-shaped, scaly and reddish brown bark. Needles are short, about 3/4” long, square with sharp tips. Come off in singles. HABITAT: They like north slopes, sheltered canyons, and are krummholz (twisted) at timber line. Montane and Subalpine, mostly Subalpine. REPRODUCTION: Male cones are cylindrical, about 1/2” long. Female cones are 2 1/2” long, pendant, with tooth-tipped scales. They also hang down from the tips of the branches. ENEMIES: Broom rust, Dwarf Mistletoe, western budworm, tip weevil and fire. COOL FACTS: 1. Spruce forests are climax forests and tend to have some of the biggest and oldest trees in the area, up to 400 years old. 2. A tea can be made from the needles. They contain some vitamin C.

• SUBALPINE FIR – (common names are Balsam Fir, Alpine Fir.) 100 feet tall with spire-like crown. Light gray to grayish brown bark. Needles are flat and 1 1/2” long with rounded tips. They come off in singles. HABITAT: They prefer north- facing slopes and moist, cool sites along streams. Montane and Subalpine, mostly Subalpine. REPRODUCTION: Male cones are cylindrical, 3/4” long and dark blue. Female cones are dark purple, 4” long and have awl-tipped bracts.

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TREE WELLS - A tree well is a void or area of loose snow around the trunk of a tree enveloped in deep snow. Also known as "spruce traps", these voids present danger to hikers, snowshoers, skiers, and snowboarders. A tree's branches shelter its trunk from snowfall, allowing a void or area of loose snow to form. Low-hanging branches on small firs further contribute to forming a tree well, as they efficiently shelter the area surrounding the trunk. Such wells have been observed as deep as 20 feet. They can also occur near rocks and along streams. Tree wells may be encountered in backcountry, on ungroomed trails and on ungroomed boundaries. The risk of encountering one is greatest during and immediately following a heavy snowstorm. Victims can get trapped in tree wells and become unable to free themselves. In two experiments conducted in North America 90% of volunteers temporarily placed in tree wells were unable to rescue themselves. (Source: www.expedia.com)

TRIPLE TREAT LOT – The pay parking lot closest to Alpine Lift. A season pass for this parking lot is available, and daily paid parking is also available. There are no transportation services provided from this lot. TUBING – Located in East Village, Copper Mountain has up to five fun tubing runs next to the Stinger Lift, a conveyer belt style “magic carpet”. Reservations can be made at Guest Services. Tickets are sold at Guest Services for one hour time blocks.

TUCKER MOUNTAIN – Tucker Mountain sits behind Copper Mountain at an elevation of 12,337 feet. It is as close to a backcountry experience that can be found at any resort. Access can be made by hiking the West Ridge of Copper Bowl, or taking the free snowcat ride when available. Note that access to most Tucker Mountain slopes requires additional hiking after the snowcat ride. Tucker Mountain closes at 2 PM. The

43 hut on top of Tucker is for the Ski Patrol and is always staffed when Tucker Mountain is open.

Photo: Jim Powell

TUCKER SNOWCAT – Operated by the Copper Mountain Ski Patrol, the Tucker Mountain snowcats provide free rides to Tucker Mountain when conditions permit. Operating hours are generally from 10 AM until around 1:30 PM on the weekends. Tips are appreciated and go to the Mountain Education Fund. The green flags at PHQ, Timberline Patrol and Six Patrol fly when the Tucker snowcat is operating.

TUNE SHOP - The Fix is a full service tune shop. It is located in Center Village next to Gear Check/Lost and Found. Wintersteiger tuning equipment is used to fine tune every ski or board. The Fix also offers binding mounts, binding tests, edge, wax and other repairs. If it needs fixing, they can help.

UNION BOWL – Located on the front side above west side terrain, Union Bowl was opened in 1982 and is accessible from the Sierra chairlift.

UNION CREEK HIGH SPEED QUAD – Copper’s newest chairlift that was installed in 2012. This leaves from West Village behind the Schoolhouse and ends near the top of the Woodward Terrain Park. It replaces the High Point double chairlift.

US SKI TEAM SPEED CENTER AT COPPER – Unprecedented early season downhill training course for the US Ski Team, the only full length downhill training course in the world during the month of November into early December. There is a 2,300 foot vertical rise with a course that is just shy of two miles. The trails include upper Andy’s Encore to just below the top of the Alpine Lift down into the West Chute, Oh No, and finishing on Rosi’s Run. The $4.3 million dollar undertaking included 87 snowmakers, 20,000 feet of netting, 4,500 netting poles, and 16,000 feet of communication cables. The Speed Center opened in 2011 and Copper has a twenty year contract with the US Ski Team for this special venue. (Source: Summit Daily News)

USASA – The United States of America Snowboard and Freeski Association has a vision statement to be the premier snowboard and freeski organization in the United States. Their mission is to facilitate fun and fair events for all ages across the country, to attract snowboarders and freeskiers, promote their development, provide member education, and influence the future of our sports. (Source: www.usasa.org) 44

USSA - The U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA) is the national governing body of Olympic skiing and snowboarding. It is the parent organization of the U.S. Ski Team, U.S. Snowboarding and U.S. Freeskiing. The USSA provides leadership and direction for tens of thousands of young skiers and snowboarders, encouraging and supporting them in achieving excellence. By empowering national teams, clubs, coaches, parents, officials, volunteers and fans, the USSA is committed to the progression of its sports and athlete success. Established in 1905, the USSA receives no direct government support, operating solely through private donations from individuals, corporations and foundations to fund athletic programs to assist athletes in reaching their dreams. (Source: www.ussa.org)

VAIL PASS – Vail Pass, 10,662 feet, is a high mountain pass just west of Copper Mountain. The pass was named for Charles Vail, a highway engineer. The pass was not a traditional historical route of the Rockies. Prior to 1940, the most common route westward was over nearby Shrine Pass to the south. In 1940, the construction of U.S. Highway 6 bypassed Shrine Pass in favor of the current route to the valley of Gore Creek. During the Interstate 70 construction in the 1970’s, many Ute artifacts were discovered. (Source: www.wikipedia.org)

VALENTINES – The newest trail at Copper. Created by an inbounds avalanche on February 14, 2014 on Tucker Mountain, it is located between Fremont Glades 1 and 2. The seven acres have been cleared for an excellent expert run.

VILLAGE AT COPPER – Offices located in Village Square East. The Village at Copper Association, Inc. was established in 2000 and acts as a Master Property and Business Association for all Buildings and Common areas that are within the Village at Copper. The Village at Copper functions and responsibilities include items such as infrastructure maintenance (snow and garbage removal, landscaping, street maintenance and repair, exterior lighting, sound, etc) infrastructure and capital improvements, security, activities, marketing and events and any other activity that the organization and its stakeholders feel will benefit the value and investment of its stakeholders. (source: www.visitcoppermountain.com) WEATHER LINK – A good site for weather conditions at Copper Mountain is: http://www.snowforecast.com/CopperMountainResort/current

WEST VILLAGE – One of the three base areas at Copper, West Village services beginner terrain and houses the children’s ski school. The Schoolhouse and Day Lodge provide many services. The Ambassador Snowshoe Tour trail and other Nordic trails begin here. (See SCHOOLHOUSE) This was formerly called Union Creek.

WEST VILLAGE LOT – The pay parking lot located on the north side of Copper Road near West Village that can hold 92 vehicles.

WHEELER LOT – The pay parking lot at East Village.

WILDERNESS – Wilderness is defined as a place where the imprint of humans is substantially unnoticeable. It is where natural processes are the primary influencers and human activity is limited to primitive recreation and non-motorized tools. The intent 45 is to allow humans to experience wild places without disturbing or destroying natural processes. In 1964, the US Congress under Lyndon Johnson passed this law restricting grazing, mining, timber cutting and mechanized vehicles. These lands remain protected for future generations and valued for their ecological, historical, scientific and experimental resources. Area towards Vail was established in 1976 covers 133,471 acres and has 180 miles of trails. Ptarmigan Peak Wilderness Area in Silverthorne was designated wilderness in 1993 and covers 12,760 acres and runs from the Williams Fork Mountains to just below the west entrance of the Eisenhower Tunnel. These are the two designated Wilderness areas near Copper that comprise approximately 30% of the Dillon Ranger District. (Source: FDRD Manual)

WILDLIFE – On any given day, you may catch glimpses of numerous birds and mammals in the area. Examples are given below. (Source: FDRD Manual)

• BLACK BEAR - Most commonly black, ranging to brown or white and weighing between 200 and 500 pounds, 5-6 feet long and 2-3 feet at the shoulder. Habitat: The only bear left in Colorado, the Black Bear prefers Montane to Subalpine life zones, in forests and wooded mountains. Diet: Omnivores - berries, insects from overturned rocks, stolen kills from other animals, carrion rodents, ungulates, and garbage. Signs: Tracks large, resembling a “fat” human footprint, turned in slightly. Overturned logs or rocks, scratch marks on trees. Scat large, resembles a dog, may have berries, hair, or garbage in it.

• LYNX - The Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) or Canadian lynx is a North American feline that ranges in forest and tundra regions. across Canada and into Alaska, as well as some parts of the northern United States. Historically, the Canadian Lynx ranged from Alaska across Canada and into many of the northern US states. By 2010, after an 11-year effort, it had been successfully reintroduced into Colorado, where it had become extirpated in the 1970s. In 2000, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designated the Canada lynx a threatened species in the lower 48 states. The Canada lynx is a good climber and swimmer; it constructs rough shelters under fallen trees or rock ledges. It has a thick coat and broad paws, and is twice as effective as bobcats at supporting its weight on the snow. The Canada lynx's diet is almost exclusive to and dependent on snowshoe hares and their numbers. It will also hunt medium-sized mammals and birds if hare numbers fall.

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• MOUNTAIN LION - 100-300 pounds, 7 - 9.5 feet including tail, light brown above and white below. Habitat: Plains to Subalpine life zones, rocky areas for hunting, semi-arid mountainous terrain. Diet: Carnivores - deer, elk, small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Human attacks are rare. Signs: Kill remains may be loosely covered with debris, scat contains hair or bone scraps, cylindrical. Tracks are round, no claw marks, front of the pad has two lobes.

• COYOTE - Gray to orange above and buff below. Bushy tail, half the length of the body with a black tip. Length: 43-53” head to end of tail; Weight: 25-50 pounds. Larger than fox, smaller than wolf. Coyotes communicate with a series of loud yips and howls. Usually solitary, but will group up for hunting larger animals. Habitat: Plains to Subalpine (very adaptable).Commonly in open plains, but will travel to higher elevations in forests on packed trails in winter and summer. Diet: Carnivore/Scavengers - they feed on most anything, but are very good mousers and have been known to eat livestock. Signs: Tracks show claw marks, diamond shaped, single lobe on front of pad. Scat is cylindrical, tapered on the ends, filled with hair or berries.

• RED FOX - Reddish above, white below, dark “socks”, bushy red tail with white tip, tail is the length of the body, 15-16” tall, 35-41” long, tail 13-17” long, weighing only 7 - 15 pounds. Habitat: Plains to Subalpine, brushlands to forests. Instead of living in dens, the fox will curl into a ball in the open - wrapping its large tail around the face for warmth. Diet: Omnivores - feed on berries and 47 vegetation in summer, rodents, birds and insects in other months. Signs: Diamond shaped prints, smaller than a coyote in a straight line. Scat cylindrical, tapered at the ends, often with hair, berries or grasses.

• LONG TAILED WEASEL - Short-legged, snake-like mammal. 15-20 inches long, including a 7-inch black-tipped tail. Summer color is brown with chin and underparts yellowish-white. Winter (when they are called ermine) the color is pure white except for the black-tipped tail. Feisty and solitary. Habitat: Found in Alaska, Canada and all western states. The den of the weasel may be a burrow, hollow log, or beneath a rock pile. Diet: Carnivores – voracious eater and kill and consume any animal small enough to handle. Main diet is mice. Signs: Calls include squeals, squeaks, trills and purrs. Track pattern is 2 x 2 bounder (looks like a slinky moving across the area); living in abandoned burrows of other animals, it marks the entrance with accumulations of scat. Difficult to find, look for a pile of bird feathers (past meal).

• YELLOW BELLIED MARMOT – (Nickname – Whistle Pig) Wide short body, dark brown above, yellowish buff below, with a bushy tail. Whitish spots between eyes. 5 - 10 pounds, 18 - 28” in length, tail is 5 - 8” long. True hibernators. Habitat: Rocky areas, talus slopes generally in the high Subalpine to Alpine life zones. Diet: Herbivore - Grasses, forbs (herbaceous flowering plants), and alfalfa when available. Signs: dens on steep rocky slopes, entrances 8-9” wide, sometimes with mounds of dirt at the entrance. Scat in area.

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• AMERICAN PIKA - Resembles a rabbit (small ears and no visible tail prevents heat loss), brownish, 6 - 8” long, 3 - 4.5 ounces. Habitat: Steep boulder-covered hillsides in the Alpine life zone. Diet: Herbivore - Grass & plant stems, seeds of Alpine Plants, grasses, leaves , twigs, bark, and shrubs. Signs: Piles of grass clippings on or among the rocks, sticky round pellets of scat on rocks. Sharp “eek” call from the rocks.

• MOOSE - Large antlers that are palmate (wide like the palm), in winter, males only. Dark brown fur, long legs and snout, males sometimes have a small beard. 6 feet at the shoulders; Males up to 1,600 lbs. – Females up to 900 lbs. Unpredictable and prone to charge. Habitat: Prefer moist areas and large tracks of willow bushes/standing water in mountain or meadow wetlands and riparian areas. Diet: Herbivore - eats mainly riparian shrubs such as willow and birch. In summer, Moose eat aquatic plants including sedges, willows and other submerged vegetation. In winter they consume bark, twigs & buds of shrubs and trees. Signs: Hoof is delicately pointed at the front, often showing dewclaws (dots behind each half of the hoof) in muddy terrain to spread out weight 4 inches or more. More slender and larger than an elk. Scat about the same shape, size, and color of chocolate Easter eggs.

• BIGHORN SHEEP - Size similar to Mountain Goat - 5.5 to 6 feet tall and 100-300 lbs. Short light brown coat, brown thick horns on both males and females, curled back around “ear” region. Stocky, strong bodies. Curled horns grow continually. Habitat: Open meadows and rocky slopes, from Foothills to Alpine life zones. Migrate vertically. Often seen near Georgetown. Diet: Herbivore - grazes on grasses and lichen in summer and twigs in winter. Salt and mineral deposit used for supplements in diet. Signs: Hoof wedge shaped with straight sides and blunt rounded tips, approx 2 inches long.

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• MULE DEER - Large mammal 3-4 feet high at shoulders, weighing 100 to 400 pounds. Reddish brown in summer and gray in winter, ears are very large and mule-like. Only males are antlered. The older a buck becomes, the smaller his antlers are. Habitat: Forest edges mountains and foothills wherever shrubs are found. Sea level to 11,000 feet in western states. Diet: Herbivore – Mule Deer are browse animals preferring scrubs and bushes in fall and winter, grasses, weeds and herbs in spring and summer. Signs: Scat in pellet shaped, smaller than elk with a dimple on one end and a pimple on the other. It sometimes looks like Hershey kisses. Browse marks on shrub branch tips. Tracks are described as narrow split hearts, again, smaller than elk at 2.25-3.25” in length.

• ROCKY MOUNTAIN (WAPITI) ELK - Large with a light brown short haired coat on body and darker brown from bottom of neck. Antlers on males, pointed and bilaterally symmetrical, getting larger each year after shedding in the late fall. 8 – 10 feet tall (5 ft. at shoulder) – Males up to 1,000 lbs. – Females up to 600 lbs. Habitat: Forested areas with grassy ground cover in the Montane and Subalpine life zones. Use lodgepole pines for protection from weather and south facing sunny aspects for calving in the spring. Migrate elevationally where not cut off by development. Diet: Herbivore - mainly grazers eating grassy vegetation, but will browse when food is covered by snow. Elk forage heavily on willow and aspen bark when food sources are depleted or in winter. Signs: Thick robust tips that are pointed with broader print than a moose. Dewclaws sometimes show so it is not an indication of a moose only. Often find fresh drag marks from teeth on aspen tree bark. Scat pellets about the size of a thumbnail with a dimple on one end and a pimple on the other.

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• PINE SQUIRREL - (Also Red Squirrel or Chickaree Squirrel) barely a foot in length and weigh less than a pound – smallest tree squirrel in its range. Reddish-gray with light under-parts and nose, white ring of fur around its eye. On a perch its heavily furred tail will be over its back. Habitat: Pine and Spruce forests at elevations from 6,000 to 11,000 feet in most western ranges. Diet: Herbivore and an opportunistic feeder. Pine cones, seeds and buds, will occasionally consume insects such as wood boring beetles. Signs: Pine Squirrels will announce an intruder with an unmistakable “Cheeeeer” sound combined with fits of coughing. Pine Squirrels create a midden, a large pile of pinecones, seeds, buds and other edible items. The heap can be 15 feet in diameter and 3 feet high.

• LEAST CHIPMUNK - Small, white stripes beside eye, continuing down the back to tail, outlined with dark brown stripes. Brownish above and white below. 6-9” long. Hibernates. Habitat: Piney woods, pastures, rocky slopes, sagebrush deserts. Diet: Herbivores, seeds, acorns, berries, grasses. Also eats mushrooms and insects sometimes. Signs: Burrows usually concealed. Tracks are similar to squirrel but smaller and rarely seen. Call is a high pitched-repeated chipping, very distinctive.

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• AMERICAN BEAVER - Large rodent 3-4 feet in length weighing about 70 pounds. Deep rich brown or black fur, legs and ears are short with hind feet webbed. A beaver’s tail is wide, flat and scaly with many different uses: 1. prop when they are leaning on a tree attempting to cut it down. 2. warning signal, they slap their tails on the surface of the water to warn other beaver and to scare predators. 3. rudder (primary use), they do not use it for propulsion but for steering instead. 4. brown fat reserve for the winter. The tail will almost double in size in the fall. Can remain submerged for 15 minutes. Habitat: Sea level to 10,500 feet throughout the west including Alaska and Canada. Typical habitat is a small, easily dammed mountain stream. Diet: Herbivorous. Chewable inner bark of cottonwoods, willows, aspens, pines and firs. Signs: Teeth marks on cone shaped tree stumps. Cleanly stripped branches lying on the dam or water’s edge. A pond created by a dam of sticks and mud. Lodge of mud and sticks located in the deepest water.

• PORCUPINE - Large chunky body, short legs, 2 ½ -3 feet long. The body color varies from grizzled yellow to dark brown and black. The skin is spined from the cheeks to the blunt tail. About 30,000 quills and few predators. Myth Buster – porcupines don’t “throw” their quills. They do break off easily (loosely rooted in the skin). Quills have barbs (fish hook)-helps them latch onto animals and stick into the flesh. Habitat: Their typical habitat is forest, but Porcupines can be found from deserts of the Southwest to the high mountains in Canada and Alaska. Excellent tree climbers. Diet: Herbivore – Natural food is pine and willow bark, mistletoe, conifer needles, wild berries, nuts and wild flowers. Porcupines have a constant craving for salt and will attempt to eat shoes. Signs: Trees that have the bark removed in a circle pattern. Scat similar to a deer, but pellets vary greatly in size and shape. Tracks have 4-5 distinctive toe marks set out in front of an oval pad.

52 • SNOWSHOE HARE -18 inches long; weighs 4 pounds; relatively short ears help prevent heat loss. Change in color from brown to pure white (tips of ears remain black) in winter triggered by changes in day length – helps camouflage the active lagomorph. Habitat: Montane, Subalpine, and Alpine (not in the winter) life zones. Diet: Grasses, Forbs, Willows, Bark (mostly aspen) and young twigs. Signs: Large tracks for the size of animal, rear feet landing in front of front feet. Rear feet large and paddle shaped, front feet smaller and landing in a line.

• MOUNTAIN GOAT - Large with a white coat, 5-6 ft in length weighing 100-300 lbs. Black hooves, stocky body with dagger-like black horns on both males and females and a small beard. Coats rich in lanolin – waxy to touch. Habitat: Often found on steep rocky slopes in the Subalpine to Alpine life zones. Transverse migraters - travel windswept face to windswept face to feed on exposed vegetation. Diet: Herbivore - eats lichen, grasses, forbs (broad leaved plants) and shrubs. Signs: Tufts of fir often found snagged on shrubs in the alpine areas, especially in early summer. Hooves sink deeply into mud and are almost square, wider than long, spreading at the pointy tips.

• MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE - 5 inches long; weighs 1/3 ounce. Black head, gray and white body. Similar to Black-capped chickadees -only visible difference is the white line over the eye of the Mountain chickadees. Double the number of feathers in the winter months. Habitat: Montane and Subalpine life zones; Nests usually in natural cavities-6-15 feet above the ground. Diet: Seeds, insects Signs: Call is very distinctive and sounds like “Chicka-de-de-de-de-de”.

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• GRAY JAY - 10 to 13 inches in length; all-over gray coloring, darker gray backs and wings. Habitat: Lives in Foothills through Subalpine life zones in coniferous forests. Diet: Omnivorous - insects, berries, mice and eggs. Sometimes feed on lichen in the winter. Nicknamed the “camp robber” for its aggressive nature and will steal food right out of your hands. They have an excessively large saliva gland which produces large amounts of saliva. They use this to coat a bolus (ball of food) and then store it in the cracks of trees. Signs: They have various calls - "whee-ah, chuck-chuck" call and scold, scream and whistle.

• RED TAILED HAWK - 20-22 inches in length, 2.5 to 3.5 pounds. Long broad wings, distinctive “red”-ish orange tail, especially above. Wings form a shallow V when viewed head on and a belly band and white chest when viewed from below. Can fly at 35-40 MPH, it can reach up to 120 MPH. Habitat: Very adaptable, lives in open areas in the Plains through Subalpine life zones- throughout almost all of North America. Diet: Rodents, squirrels, weasels, snakes, some birds, and some insects. Signs: Call is a long piercing, descending, whistle.

• AMERICAN RAVEN - Large glossy black bird, 21-27 inches long. The bill is large and heavy. Habitat: Found at altitudes of 4,000 – 12,000 feet in all western states including Canada, Alaska. A beard or fringe of feathers on its chest distinguish it from the Crow. Diet: Omnivorous, carrion, garbage, small mammals, young birds, and vegetable matter. Signs: The Raven’s call is deep,

54 varied, guttural croaking: a hollow wonk-wonk. The Raven does more sailing and less flapping than its cousin the Crow. Their flight pattern is flap-soar-flap. A raven’s nest is a large crude stick platform in a tall tree, on the ground or on a cliff face.

• WHITE TAILED PTARMIGAN - Grouse-like bird, mottled brown with white tail and belly in summer, pure white in winter except for black beak. White tail remains all year. 13 - 14 inches; 12 - 18 ounces. Basically flightless. Habitat: Living and remaining active in the Alpine life zone year round, these animals prefer open areas. Diet: Herbivore - Berries, seeds, insects, flowers, and willow buds-twigs (especially in winter). Signs: Nest is a simple scrape nest on ground with the male acting as a sentry at nest. In the winter time, Ptarmigans fly straight in to snow banks (they burrow here for warmth) to avoid predation - they do not leave tracks to these nests. Scat is burnt orange cylinders 1 ½ inches in a small pile.

• BARN OWL - The barn owl is a medium-sized, pale-colored owl with long wings and a short, squarish tail. There is considerable size variation with a typical specimen measuring about 13 to 15 inches in overall length, with a wingspan of some 31 to 37 inches. The shape of the tail is a means of distinguishing the barn owl from typical owls when seen in the air. Other distinguishing features are the undulating flight pattern and the dangling, feathered legs. The pale face with its heart shape and black eyes give the flying bird a distinctive appearance, like a flat mask with oversized, oblique black eyeslits, the ridge of feathers above the bill somewhat resembling a nose. The bird's head and upper body typically vary between pale brown and some shade of grey, especially on the forehead and back. Some are purer, richer brown instead, and all have fine black-and-white speckles except on the main wing feathers, which are light brown with darker bands. The heart-shaped face is usually bright white, but in some subspecies it is brown. The latter are also larger with a strong female weighing 20 ounces while males are typically about 10% lighter. Nestlings are covered in white down, but the heart-shaped facial disk becomes visible soon after hatching. Contrary to popular belief, the barn owl does not hoot. It instead produces the characteristic shree scream, ear-shattering at close range, an eerie, long-drawn-out shriek. 55 Males in courtship give a shrill twitter. Both young and old can hiss like a snake to scare away intruders.

• BLACK BILLED MAGPIE - Also known as the American magpie, is a bird in the crow family that inhabits the western half of North America, from southern coastal Alaska down the Rocky mountains. It is black and white, with black areas on the wings and tail showing iridescent hints of blue or blue-green. It is one of only four North American songbirds whose tail makes up half or more of the total body length. This species prefers generally open habitats with clumps of trees. It can be found in farmlands and suburban areas, where it comes into regular contact with people. Where persecuted it becomes very wary, but otherwise it is fairly tolerant of human presence. Historically associated with bison herds, it now lands on the back of cattle to glean ticks and insects from them. Large predators such as wolves are commonly followed by black-billed magpies, who scavenge from their kills. The species also walks on the ground, where it obtains such food items as beetles, grasshoppers, worms, and small rodents. The black-billed magpie is one of the few North American birds that build a domed nest. This nest is made up of twigs and sits near the top of trees. Usually 6-7 eggs are laid. Incubation, by the female only, starts when the clutch is complete, and lasts 16- 21 days. The nestling period is 3-4 weeks. They generally are seen in family groups.

WOODWARD TERRAIN PARK – The large terrain park, formerly known as Catalyst Terrain Park, is located on the Loverly Trail off of the Union Creek Quad and is also called Central Park. Features include, but are not limited to jumps, jibs, rails, fun boxes, snowcross, quarterpipes, halfpipes, superpipes and all other constructed and natural features. Smaller terrain parks are Alliroo Alley, Micro Mini, and the Playground. The Superpipe is at the bottom of Main Vein, and the thirteen foot halfpipe is in the main terrain park. (Source: Copper Winter Trail Map)

56 WOODWARD COPPER – Opened in the spring of 2009 and upgraded in 2013, Woodward Copper is a year round snowboard, ski, and skate training program. The staff provides a safe and fun learning environment for all levels of park and pipe riders through established progressive training techniques, and a state of the art 20,000 square foot indoor training facility called The Barn. The Barn was the first facility of its kind in the world when it opened today continues to be the most progressive playground of its kind. Woodward believes in the individual progression of guests and builds their programming around each customer’s goals. Woodward Copper has also taken over the operation of Copper’s Terrain Parks to offer the most fun and progressive on snow features to complement their off snow programming. Woodward Copper has a variety of products: Winter Camp Days, One Hit Wonder Intro sessions, Drop in sessions, Classes, Private Lessons, skate//inline sessions, and Holiday Camp. In the summer Woodward Copper provides week long residential and day camps with both on snow and off hill programming. Woodward also has locations in Woodward PA, Tehachapi CA and Soda Springs CA near Lake Tahoe. (Source: www.coppercolorado.com)

X-GAMES ‐ A commercial extreme sporting event sponsored by ESPN. The first three finishers in each event win medals and money. The Winter are usually in January or February and were in Aspen through 2012. Started in 1997, events include skiing, snowboarding and snowmobiling.

YEEHAA! – The feeling we get skiing at Copper on a deep powder blue sky day!

YURT – The round that was at Solitude Station; formerly used by Ambassadors prior to the 2008-09 season.

ZAUGG – The specialized pipe cutter used to carve our 22 foot half pipe to create a super pipe. This Zaugg was one of two machines originally used at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. First known as a Pipe Dragon, it was developed in 1992 by Doug Waugh of Berthoud, CO. Our 13 foot halfpipe is carved with a smaller Zaugg.

ZERO – The number of unhappy guests that we want at Copper!

ZIPLINE – Copper is home to the first zipline in Summit County. Two lines fly over West Lake for a thrilling adventure. The zipline is open summer and winter, conditions permitting. Tickets are available at Guest Services or Sugar Lips Mini Donuts.

EDITOR - Gail Shears Questions, updates and comments? [email protected] or 585-415-5999

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58 1 B 10th MOUNTAIN DIVISION 39 10th Mountain Division Trail Hut System 27 B and B-1 lifts 38 B Lot 38 BARILOCHE 4 A BARN 4 BARN OWL 55 A lift 2 Base elevation 2 ADAPTIVE ACTION SPORTS 2 BEACON BOWL 4 ADAPTIVE SKI PROGRAM 2 BEACONS 4 AEDs 2 BEAR 46 Airline boarding passes 5 BEAVER 52 ALL ACCESS PASS 2 BEELER LOT 4 ALLIROO ALLEY 2 Beeler Place 8 ALPINE CLUB 2 BEETLE KILL 4 ALPINE LIFT 2 BELGIAN BEAN 4 Alpine Lot 38, 40 Belgian waffles 4, 13 ALPINE LOT 2 Belly Button Babies & Bakery 22, 26 ALTITUDE 2 BELLY BUTTON BABIES AND BAKERY 4, 6 ALTITUDE SICKNESS 2 Bighorn room 8 AMBASSADOR HUT 3 BIGHORN SHEEP 49 Ambassador Lead Phone 12 BLACK BEAR 46 AMBASSADOR LOCKER ROOM 3 BLACK BILLED MAGPIE 56 AMERICAN BEAVER 52 BLACK JACK LIFT 4, 8 AMERICAN EAGLE chairlift 3, 6 Blackjack lift 4 American Eagle lift 5, 26, 28, 37 Boarding passes 5 AMERICAN FLYER chairlift 3, 6 Boardroom 8 American Flyer lift 13 BOWLS 4 AMERICAN PIKA 49 BREAKFAST 5 AMERICAN RAVEN 54 Breckenridge Outdoor Education Center 2 Anaconda 8 Breeze 12 Andy Daly 3 BRENNAN’S GRIN 5 ANDY’S ENCORE 3 Bridge End 6, 8 APRES ALLEY 3 BRISTLECONE PINE 40 APRES SKI 3 Bristlecone room 8 Athletic Club 23, 37 BUMP BUSTER SERIES 34 ATHLETIC CLUB 3 Burger King 40 ATM 3 Burning Stones 3 Automatic External Defibrillators 2 BURNING STONES PLAZA 5 Automatic Teller Machines 3 Bus 38 AVALANCHE 3 BUS ROUTES 5 Avalanche dogs 29, 35 Business Center 8 AVALANCHE DOGS 4 BUSINESS CENTER 5 Avalanche transceivers 4 BUZZARD’S ALLEY 5 AVA-LAUNCHERS 4

59 C COPPER JUNCTION 9 COPPER MOUNTAIN CHAPEL FOUNDATION 9 Copper Mountain Inn 8 Cache at Union Creek 8 COPPER MOUNTAIN RESORT ASSOCIATION 9 CAGE 5 Copper One 8 CAMELBACK 5 Copper Phone 12 Camp Hale 5, 6, 37, 39 Copper Real Estate Brokers 31 CAMP HALE 5 Copper Rocker 12 Canada lynx 46 COPPER ROCKER 9 Canada Lynx 14 COPPER SPORTS CENTER 9 CAPTURE THE CUBE 5 COPPER SPORTS EAST 9 Carbonate Real Estate 31 COPPER SPORTS WEST 9 CB GRILLE 6 Copper Springs 8 CDL’S TRAIL #20 6 COPPER STABLES 9 CDOT KIOSK 6 Copper Station 5, 16 Celebrity bowl 4 COPPER STATION 10 CELEBRITY BOWL 6 Copper Valley 8 CELEBRITY RIDGE 6 COPPER’S NAME 9 Celebrity Ridge lift 30 COPPERLINK 10 CELEBRITY RIDGE LIFT 8 CORE VALUES 26 CELL PHONE CHARGING STATIONS 6 Covered Bridge 6 CENTER VILLAGE 6 COYOTE 47 Central Park 56 Create A Skate 5 CHAPEL 6 Critterland 11 CHAPEL LOT 6 CRITTERLAND 10 ChargePoint smartphone app 11 CROSS COUNTRY SKIING 10 CHILDCARE CENTER 6 Cross Cut 21 CHIPMUNK 51 CSCUSA 7 CHOPPERS 6 Christy Sports 12 Chuck D. Lewis 6 D CLIMBING WALL 6 CLINIC 6 Day lockers 23 CLOTHING RENTAL 7 DAY LODGE 10 CODE RED COMMUNITY NOTIFICATION SYSTEM 7 Daylight Donuts 8, 36 Collage 28 DIGGLERS 10 COLLAGE’S DEAD LODGEPOLE 7 DILLON DAM 10 COLMAN’S RETREAT 7 DILLON RANGER DISTRICT 10 COLORADO SKI COUNTRY USA 7 DOG PASS 10 COLORADO TRAIL 7 Dogs 4 CONDOS 8 DOGSLEDDING 10 CONFERENCE CENTER 8 DOUGLAS FIR 41 CONOCO 8 CONTINENTAL DIVIDE 8 Copper bowl 4 E Copper Bowl 4 COPPER BOWL 8 E lift 12 COPPER CABLE 9 Eagle’s Nest Wilderness Area 15 Copper Circle 13 Eagles Nest Wilderness Area 46 COPPER COACH 9 EAST VILLAGE 11 Copper Junction 8 EDGE 11, 14

60 EISENHOWER TUNNEL 11 G ELECTRIC CAR CHARGING STATIONS 11 ELK 50 G lift 3 Elk Run 8 Gear Check 29, 33 Emergencies 6 GEAR CHECK 14 EMERGENCY PHONES 12 Gear Up 11 EMPLOYEE ENVIRONMENTAL FUND 12 GEAR UP 14 Employee Experience 11 Gem lift 30 EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE 12 GEOCACHING 15 Endo’s 5 George Gore 15 Endo’s Adrenaline Café 3 GLACIER AWARDS 15 ENGLEMANN SPRUCE 42 Glades Meeting Room 11 ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP 12 GO PRO 15 EQUIPMENT RENTALS 12 Golddigger 6 EXCELERATOR LIFT 6, 12 GOLF 15 GORE RANGE 15 F GRAND HALL 16 Grand Hall room 8 Gravitee 12 F lift 3 GRAY JAY 54 Facials 3 GREEN ACRES 16 FAMILY FREE TIME 12 Green flag 44 FAR EAST LOT 12 GREEN FLAG 16 Faxing 5 GROCERY STORE 16 FDRD 14 GROOMING 16 FedEx 5 GROUP LESSONS 34 Fifth and Sixth Grade Passport Program 7 GROUP TICKETING 17 FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADE PASSPORTS 13 Guest Services 38 FIRE LOT 13 GUEST SERVICES 17 Fix 44 FIX, THE 13 FLA 13 H FLAIK 13 Flyer Lot 33 HALF PIPES 17 FLYER LOT 13 Hallelujah bowl 4 Flyers Grille 4 Harry Mosgrove 28 FLYERS GRILLE 13 Hasty’s 8 FOREST SUPERVISOR’S CLOSURE 14 HAWK 54 Fox Pine 8 Healthy Tomato 8 Frank Walter 14 HELICOPTER LANDING PAD 17 FRANK’S FAVE 14 HELMETS 17 Free parking 2, 12 HIGH ALPINE PROJECT 17 FREE RIDE 14 HISTORY OF COPPER 17 Free shuttle bus 38 HODSON’S CUT 21 FRIENDS OF THE DILLON RANGER DISTRICT 14 Human Resource department 12 FRISCO 14 HYPOTHERMIA 21 Front Line Assist 13 FROSTBITE 14 I

Ice skate rental 12

61 ICE SKATING 21 Lodgepole pines 29 Incline 3 Lodgepole room 8 INDIANS AND MOUNTAIN MEN 17 LODGING CENTER 23 INTERNET ACCESS 21 LONG TAILED WEASEL 48 Lost and Found 13 LOST AND FOUND 23 J LOVELAND PASS 24 Loverly Trail 56 Jack’s 5 Lower Patrol Room 24 JACK’S 21 LPR 24 Jack’s Bar 3 LUMBERJACK LIFT 24 Jack’s Bar, On the Rockies 3 Lynx 14 JACQUE PEAK 21 LYNX 46 Jacques Peak room 8 James Officer 28 Janet Boyd Tyler 21 M Janet’s Cabin 27 JANET’S CABIN 21 MAGPIE 56 JAY 54 MAHI STREET TACOS 24 Jill’s Umbrella Bar 3 MARIJUANA POLICY 24 JILL’S UMBRELLA BAR & GRILLE 22 MARQUEE SIGN 24 JJ’S 22 Massages 3 JJs Rocky Mountain Tavern 3 MAX PASS 24 JOHN S. WHEELER 18 McCoy’s Mountain Market 16 MEDALLION GOLD PASS 24 Mezzanine room 8 K MINI STARS 26 MINING 17, 24 K lift 22 MISSION 26 KIDS’ NIGHT OUT 22 MISSION AND CORE VALUES 26 KITING 22 MOGULS 26 KOKOMO 22 MOLYBDENUM 26 Kokopelli’s Trail room 8 MOONLIGHT DINNERS 26 MOONLIGHT SNOWSHOE TOURS 27 MOOSE 49 L Morning meetings 3 MOSQUITO RANGE 27 L lift. 24 Motel Six 33 LAKE DILLON 22 Mountain Cams 36 LAKE DILLON AMPHITHEATER 22 MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE 53 LEAST CHIPMUNK 51 Mountain Chief lift 4, 6 LETTERED TRAILS 23 MOUNTAIN CHIEF lift 27 LEWIS RANCH 23 MOUNTAIN CHIEF LIFT 8 LEWIS, CHUCK 23 MOUNTAIN GOAT 53 LIFTS 23 MOUNTAIN HUT SYSTEM 27 LILLIE G 23 MOUNTAIN LION 47 Lillie G Traverse 26 MOUNTAIN MELTS 27 LIQUOR STORE 23 Mountain Plaza 8 Locker and ski storage area 2 Mountain Plaza Building 6 LOCKERS 23 Mountain Safety Patrol 35 LODGEPOLE PINE 41 MOUNTAIN SAFETY PATROL 27

62 Mountain Threads 7 POST OFFICE 30 Mountain tours 3 Postage stamps 5, 30 MOUNTAIN TOURS 28 POWDR 31 MOVIE RENTALS 28 PRIVATE LESSONS 34 MOZ, THE 28 PTARMIGAN 55 MSP 27 Ptarmigan Peak Wilderness Area 46 MULE DEER 50 Ptarmigan room 8 Mulligan’s 3 Q N QUAKING ASPEN 40 NATURALLY DIVIDED TERRAIN 28 QUESTION MARK 31 NATURE CENTER 28 Noon Groomer 16 NOON GROOMER 28 R NORDIC SKIING 28 NOVELLI’S LANDING 28 RACING 31 Racquetball courts 3 RAILROADS 18 O RAVEN 54 REAL ESTATE 31 OFFICERS GULCH 28 Rebel Sports 7, 12 OHG 29, 34 RED FOX 47 Orange flag 6 RED TAILED HAWK 54 ORANGE FLAG 28 Rendezvous Lift 4, 27 OTTO BAHN 28 RENDEZVOUS LIFT 8 OVER THE HILL GANG 29, 34 Rental ski pants 7 OVERNIGHT SKI STORAGE 29 REPAIR BENCH 31 OWL 55 RESERVATIONS 32 Resolution bowl 4 Resolution lift 37 P RESORT AMBASSADORS 31 RESORT APP 31 PARK RATS 29 RESTAURANTS 31 Parking 2, 4, 6, 12, 13, 38, 43, 45 RESTROOMS 32 Passage Point 4, 5, 6, 8 RETAIL 32 PASSAGE POINT 29 RFID 32 Patrol Headquarters 29 ROCKY MOUNTAIN (WAPITI) ELK 50 Pay parking 4, 6, 13, 38, 43, 45 ROCKY MOUNTAIN SUPER PASS 32 Peak Sports 12 Rosemarie "Rosi" Mittermaier-Neureuther 32 Peregrine 8 ROSI’S RUN 32 Photocopying 5 PHQ 29 PINE BEETLE EPIDEMIC 29 S PINE SQUIRREL 51 PLAYMAKER OF THE MONTH 30 S&RSU 34 PLAYMAKERS 30 S’MORES 36 POMA LIFTS 30 SAWMILL FLATS 33 Ponderosa room 8 SAWMILLS 18 PORCUPINE 52 Schoolhouse 10

63 SCHOOLHOUSE 33 Solitude Station 3, 5, 26, 28 Schoolhouse room 8 SOLITUDE STATION 37 SCOOTERS 33 South Hall room 8 SEASON PASS 33 SPA FACILITIES 37 SEASONAL LOCKERS 33 Spa packages 3 Secret Pass 3 Spaulding bowl 4 SECRET! PASS 33 SPAULDING BOWL 37 Security phone 12 Spruce Lodge 8 Sherpa App 31 St. Anthony Copper Medical Clinic 6 SHORT TERM PARKING 33 Starbucks 5 Shuttle bus 38 Stinger Lift 43 Sierra lift 6, 44 Storm King 3 SIGNATURE 5‐7 Lessons 34 Storm King lift 38 Sir George Gore 15 STORM KING LIFT 37 SIX PATROL 33 SUBALPINE FIR 42 Ski and Ride School 6, 10, 17, 31, 35, 40 SUMMIT COUNTY RESCUE GROUP 37 SKI AND RIDE SCHOOL 33 Summit elevation 2 SKI AND RIDE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY 34 Summit House 8 SKI CHECK 33 Summit House East 8 SKI COUNTRY USA 7 Summit Stage 5 SKI PATROL 35 SUMMIT STAGE 38 Ski Patrol Phone 12 SUNSCREEN 38 SKI SCHOOL SHUTTLE 35 SUPER BEE LIFT 38 Ski With A Ranger 14 Super Desk 17 SKI WITH A RANGER 35 SUPER DESK 38 SKIER RESPONSIBILITY CODE 34 SUPER PASS 32 SKIJORING 35 SKY CHUTES 36 Sky Chutes Coffeehouse 8 T SKY CHUTES COFFEEHOUSE 36 Sky Chutes Theater 11 T BAR 38 Sleigh rides 9 TAXI RIDES 38 SLEIGH RIDES 36 Taylor Crossing 8 Slope Watch 27 TEAM SUMMIT 38 SLOT CAR TRACK 36 Telemark 8 SNOW BIKES 36 TELEMARK 38 SNOW CAM 36 Ten Mile Circle 5, 33 snowcat 16 TEN MILE CIRCLE 38 Snowcat 44 TEN MILE CIRCLE LOT 38 SNOWCATS 36 Ten Mile Haus 8 SNOWDECK 36 Ten Mile Mining District 24 SNOWFALL 36 TEN MILE RANGE 38 Snowflake 8 TENTH MOUNTAIN DIVISION 39 SNOWMAKING 37 TERRAIN PARKS 39 SNOWMOBILES 37 TERRAIN ZONES 39 SNOWMOBILING 37 The 12’s 17 SNOWSHOE HARE 53 The Cirque 8 SNOWSHOE RENTALS 37 The Greens 8 Snowshoe tours 37 The Legends 8 SNOWSHOEING 37 The Lodge at Copper 8 snowskate 36 The Mill Club 8

64 The Woods 8 VALENTINES 45 TICKET WINDOWS 39 VILLAGE AT COPPER 45 Timber Creek 8 Village Point 8 TIMBERLINE 40 TIMBERLINE EXPRESS 40 Timberline Patrol 4 W TIMBERLINE SKI PATROL 40 Togwotee 8 Waffles 4, 13 TRAIL NAMES 40 Waivers 3 TRAILBLAZERS 40 Wallyball courts 3 TRANSPORTATION CENTER 40 WAPITI 50 TREE WELLS 43 WEATHER LINK 45 Treeline 40 West Hall room 8 TREES (CONIFEROUS AND DECIDUOUS) 40 West Lake 3 T-REX GRILLE 40 WEST VILLAGE 45 TRIPLE TREAT LOT 43 WEST VILLAGE LOT 45 TUBING 43 Wheeler House 8 Tubing Hill 10, 11 Wheeler Junction 24 TUCKER MOUNTAIN 43 WHEELER LOT 45 Tucker snowcat 16 WHITE TAILED PTARMIGAN 55 TUCKER SNOWCAT 44 WIFI 21 TUNE SHOP 44 WILDERNESS 45 WILDLIFE 46 WOMEN’S WEDNESDAYS 34 U Woodward Copper 5 WOODWARD COPPER 4, 57 U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association 45 WOODWARD TERRAIN PARK 56 Uniforms 14 Union bowl 4 Union Bowl 4 X UNION BOWL 44 Union Creek Day Lodge 5 X-GAMES 57 UNION CREEK HIGH SPEED QUAD 44 Union Creek Lodge 8 Union Creek Townhomes 8 Y Union Creek Townhomes West 8 Union Peak room 8 YEEHAA! 57 United States of America Snowboard and Freeski YELLOW BELLIED MARMOT 48 Association 44 YOUTH PROGRAMS 34 UPS 5 57 US SKI TEAM SPEED CENTER AT COPPER 44 USASA 44 USSA 45 Z

Zaugg 17 V ZAUGG 57 ZERO 57 VAIL PASS 45 ZIPLINE 57

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