An Ecological Survey of Y Dolydd, Llanfyllin
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An Ecological Survey of Y Dolydd
An ecological survey of Y Dolydd including an annotated checklist of the vascular plants, based on fieldwork conducted by volunteers alongside Arvensis Ecology in 2015.
Written by Mark and Jenni Duffell of Arvensis Ecology with contributions from Pete Boardman and Andrew Cutts, plus volunteers (see page 12)
Arvensis Ecology 19 Compton Mews Ford Shrewsbury Shropshire SY5 9NX
Company No. 09574121
2015
ACCESS: Y Dolydd is privately owned and managed by the Y Dolydd Building Preservation Trust. Whilst the site is open to the public it is worth checking the Y Dolydd website www.the-workhouse.org.uk for any events/access issues.
All rights reserved. © Mark and Jenni Duffell and Arvensis Ecology 2015.
OS Licence No. 100054589 (Arvensis Ecology).
Cover photographs Main Picture: Y Dolydd Workhouse Right upper: Poplar Hawkmoth (Photo: Vicky Preece) Right lower: Wall at Y Dolydd (Men’s Courtyard) with Wall Rue and Black Spleenwort. Left: Volunteers undertaking NVC survey in Meadow
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Contents
Introduction 5 Location of Y Dolydd 5 A brief history of Y Dolydd 8 Historical recording 12 The current survey 13 Botanical and NVC Survey 16 Camera Trapping 17
Bioblitz (Small Mammal Trapping, Moth Trap, Bat Walk and Stream survey) 17 Results of Botanical Survey and Meadow NVC survey 19 Results from Bioblitz and other survey events 22 Summary of Recording at Y Dolydd 28 Schedule 5, 8, 9, and Section 42 Species 29 Summary of compartments at Y Dolydd 32 Management considerations and recommendations 43 References 54 Acknowledgements 55 Appendix 1: Annotated Botanical species list 56 Appendix 2: Location of Camera Trap sites, Stream sampling point and Moth trap site. 68 Appendix 3: Location of Small Mammal traps and location of traps with mammals present 69
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Appendix 4: Location of Nests and nesting sites around main building of Y Dolydd. 70
Appendix 5: Quadrat data from NVC Meadow survey. 71
Appendix 6: Records from Tree and Hedgerow Survey. 72
Appendix 7: Approximate location of individual Trees and hedgerows from Tree Survey. 81
Appendix 8: Results from Camera Trapping at Y Dolydd. 82
Appendix 9: Bat Records, existing Bat Boxes and sites with Bat Potential. 84
Appendix 10: All Mammal records 85
Appendix 11: All Bird records 87
Appendix 12: Grid references and locations for all Small Mammal Traps. 94
Appendix 13: Records of Invertebrates for Y Dolydd. 97
Appendix 14: Plants listed on Schedule 9. 105
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Introduction Y Dolydd Building Preservation Trust commissioned Arvensis Ecology to lead several events with volunteers recording the flora and fauna present within the grounds of Y Dolydd. Sessions on biological recording, botanical and entomological identification, as well as practical surveying and a Bioblitz took place during May to September 2015.
Location of Y Dolydd Y Dolydd also known as Llanfyllin Workhouse is situated to the east of Llanfyllin within the two 1km2 grid squares (SJ1418 and SJ1518) (Figures 1, 2 and 3). The site is within the botanical vice-county of Montgomeryshire (v.c. 47) and the political area of Powys County Council. Y Dolydd is approximately 2.65 hectares, and at around 115m in elevation.
The southern boundary of Y Dolydd follows the A490 with a small section of the road being truncated in the 1980s when the road was re-aligned. To the north is the Cadnant stream, which flows from the southwest of the site along the north boundary and continues east towards the Afon Cain. The eastern boundary is marked with a metal fence and hedges. Land to the north and east is pasture land used for cattle and sheep. To the west is an old stable block (Figures 2 and 3).
Figure 1: Location of Y Dolydd in relation to Llanfyllin (located within the two 1km2 grid squares shown outlined in red dashes).
Source: Where’s The Path OS Licence No. 100054589 (Arvensis Ecology).
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Figure 2: Aerial photograph of Y Dolydd showing the large cruciform building making up the old workhouse with scattered auxiliary buildings. To the west is the old stable block. To the south of Y Dolydd is the A490, with Llanfyllin to be found further along to the west. The meadows can be seen to the north of the main buildings, extending from west to east. Cultivated areas of the site are to the immediate south, southeast and north of the buildings.
Source: Ordnance Survey OS Licence No. 100054589 (Arvensis Ecology).
Figure 3: Y Dolydd showing buildings in centre of site, with meadows to north bordered by Cadnant (stream), with the hedges and fencing to the south. The southern boundary is demarcated by the A490.
Source: Ordnance Survey OS Licence No. 100054589 (Arvensis Ecology).
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A brief history of Y Dolydd.
In the late 1830s the Llanfyllin Union was created to distribute relief to paupers, as well as other duties; at the first meeting in February 1837 it was agreed that workhouse ‘be built for the Union capable of containing 250 paupers’. The land on which Y Dolydd was built was owned by the Llanfyllin Rector Mr Hughes, who sold it on the agreement that a burial ground was provided, a chaplain appointed and religious instruction provided for the workhouse children.
The building was designed by Thomas Penson, following a model put forward by the ‘Report of the Poor Law Commission’ in 1836. The building has at its centre a three storey house (originally the Master’s accommodation), with four wings coming off from this point. Each wing and the adjacent courtyard allowed for segregation of the men, women, boys and girls. Constructed from brickwork, a local stone and imported dressed stone and slate roofing from nearby Llangynog. Construction started in 1838 and by November 1840 was described by the clerk as ‘The house is filling fast’.
The name of Llanfyllin Workhouse changed prior to the 1930s to Y Dolydd or The Meadows. By the 1960s Y Dolydd was modernised and became an old people’s home; these modernisations included the demolition of some buildings, walls and tall ornamental chimneys, replacement of old cast iron windows, and re-roofing. By the 1980s Y Dolydd old people’s home was up for closure by Powys County Council, a local campaign gave it a short reprieve but by September 1982 Y Dolydd closed its doors.
A new chapter dawned when Y Dolydd was established as a centre for outdoor pursuits ‘The Challenge Centre’, unfortunately this failed following the death of one of the founders. Upon re- sale much of the internal fixtures were removed and the place fell into dereliction. Only in 2001 was it saved when a local businesswoman Hilary Collins bought Y Dolydd, with the ambition to set it up as business park hopefully bringing business and visitors to Llanfyllin. At this time the Llanfyllin Dolydd Building Preservation Trust was formed and it secured the building in 2004. Since that time the Trust has been working to ‘create a community enterprise for arts, education, environment and heritage’. In 2010 the roof of the front of Y Dolydd was replaced.
Land to the northeast and southeast (called North Garden and East Garden in this report) was used by the Workhouse as a vegetable garden (Figure 4).
Not shown on any maps (Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) is the field and metal fence line that runs from the north-eastern corner southwards to near the north-eastern corner of the North Garden hedgerow. When this field was incorporated into Y Dolydd land is unknown but looking at the age of the fence it is not recent. Otherwise the site and boundaries at Y Dolydd look little changed since the 1880s (Figure 5)
A more detailed history of Y Dolydd / Llanfyllin Workhouse can be found in Hainsworth (2004).
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Figure 4: Y Dolydd in the 1930s or 1940s. Seen from the hill to the east, with Llanfyllin in the distance. The A490 is shown on the left (pre re-alignment works). Of interest are the cultivated areas in the North and East Garden. Any hedging around the site is low with only a few trees present. A large tree (Oak?) can also been seen on the boundary with the road, sadly long gone.
Source: Hainsworth (2004).
Figure 5: 1886 Map of Y Dolydd. Ordnance Survey Six Inch England and Wales, 1842-1952.
Source: National Library of Scotland
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Figure 6: 1902. Map of Y Dolydd. Ordnance Survey Six Inch England and Wales, 1842-1952.
Source: National Library of Scotland
Figure 7: 1943. Map of Y Dolydd. Ordnance Survey Six Inch England and Wales, 1842-1952.
Source: National Library of Scotland
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Figure 8: 1952. Map of Y Dolydd. Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 maps of Great Britain, 1937-1961.
Source: National Library of Scotland
Figure 9: 1960. Map of Y Dolydd. Ordnance Survey One-inch to the mile, 7th Series, 1951-1961.
Source: National Library of Scotland
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Historical Recording
Historical data for Y Dolydd Biological recording at Y Dolydd has been sparse hence the current survey. There are only three historical records made for “Y Dolydd”, all for Bats.
The earliest was made on the 28th of August 1984, by Marri Packwood who recorded an ‘unknown bat’ as being present at ‘Y Dolidd (sic), Llanfyllin’ in SJ1419. This grid reference is wrong for Y Dolydd, but a search does not reveal any other ‘Y Dolidd’ or ‘Y Dolydd’ in the Llanfyllin area, so it can be assumed to be an error for ‘Y Dolydd’ and should be either SJ1418 or SJ1518. No details are known about Marri Packwood.
More recently Mike Green recorded two species of bats, Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus and Lesser Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus hipposideros on the 21st of January 2008 within Y Dolydd. This is outside the flying season so the bats were either recorded from a bat box inspection/within the buildings; although the grid reference given SJ15061872 is for the line of trees on the northern boundary of the North garden. Mike Green is the Conservation Officer for Montgomeryshire, Natural Resources Wales (previously Countryside Council for Wales). Mike had previously visited Y Dolydd to monitor the population of Horseshoe Bats which used the cellars as a roost site.
An additional historical record was gleaned from a photograph on the Llanfyllin Workhouse Facebook page. Casa Georgette posted two photos of a Common Toad Bufo bufo on the 2nd October 2014. It was possible to determine that the location was near Casa’s business in the Women’s Courtyard, Y Dolydd. The record has been included in the report below.
In the immediate neighbourhood, there are records for the hills and woods to the north Bryn- Elltyn and to the south Allt Y Gadai; and the Afon Cain to the north. Further records are available for some nearby houses including Bryn-Ffynnon.
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The current survey The primary focus of recording was the native flora and fauna, with some additional non-native (botanical) species being recorded.
The interior of the buildings at Y Dolydd were excluded from this survey; the walls and roofs were searched from the outside to reveal which birds were using the building for nesting. Occasional records of plants growing epiphytically (upon the walls) of the buildings have also been included in this report.
No attempt was made to undertaken a full bat survey1 but it is suspected that detailed surveying of the interior of Y Dolydd would yield a high number of bat and mammal records not contained in this report.
A survey of Y Dolydd was undertaken on the following days: 29th April, 14th May, 17th June, 14th July, 17th- 18th July, 29th July, 1st August, 3rd August and 25th of August 2015. These days comprised short recce visits, survey days with volunteers, wildlife events for children, a Bioblitz (17th-18th July) and adult training (botany and entomology). All the events were led by Mark and Jenni Duffell of Arvensis Ecology with assistance from Pete Boardman and Andrew Cutts, as well as a variety of volunteers who helped on some or all days.
Volunteers who helped record at Y Dolydd are listed alphabetically:
Decia Blacker Rufus Marshall Leila Price Marvin Bolton Tree Marshall Michelle Putter Pauline Boucher-Glynn Ingrid Maugham Warren Putter Lorna Brown Amber Miliken Paul Shearer Hilly Clarke Kelly Moorhouse Tina Smith Andrew Cutts Anji Powell Jeni Trythall Aubrey Evans Dan Preece Andy Walker Paddy Glynn Ellie Preece Jeni Walsh John Hainsworth George Preece Lou Weekes Eloise Marshall Jayne Preece Anne Yiangou Florence Marshall Vicky Preece Daisy Yiangou
Apologies to any volunteers and recorders omitted from this list.
The site was divided up into compartments with the coarsest records being made at the 1km2 level; a compartment list was made of all species seen. Any rarities or species of interest were recorded at the 10m level using a GPS (Garmin Etrex 10, accuracy 5m or better). All botanical records have been submitted to the Vice-county recorder, Kate Thorne; non-botanical records have been submitted to Biodiversity Information Services.
1 Any work or changes to the structures and buildings at Y Dolydd should only be undertaken after a full bat survey of the property. This report is not sufficient evidence for any future building work. 13
A total of eleven recording compartments were created within Y Dolydd (Figure 10). The compartments are described elsewhere in the report. Main Meadow SJ1418 Main Meadow SJ1518 Boys’ Courtyard Girls’ Courtyard Women’s Courtyard Men’s Courtyard Front Garden SJ1418 Front Garden SJ1518 North Garden East Garden Car Park
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Figure 10: Compartment Map for Y Dolydd.
Source: Edina Digimap. OS Licence No. 100054589 (Arvensis Ecology).
Botanical Survey The primary focus of the botanical recording was the native flora and fauna, with some additional non-native species being recorded. Whilst flower beds and other horticultural areas were botanised no attempt was made to fully record any planted species apart from obviously self- seeded or naturalised species.
A list was made of all the vascular plants seen within each compartment using standard botanical recording techniques (Hill, Fasham et al. 2005). Identifications were made using Bean (1970), Hubbard (1992), Poland (2009), Rich and Jermy (1998) and Stace (1999, 2010).
Led botanical survey days were held throughout the season, starting on the 14th of May, with further days on the 17th of June and 3rd August.
On the 17th of June 2015, the meadows and grasslands were concentrated on with a National Vegetation Classification (NVC) survey being undertaken. A total of seventeen 2m square quadrats were set out in homogenous representative stands throughout the meadow. A list was made of all species present within the quadrat along with percentage cover following standard NVC techniques (Rodwell 1991-2000). Vegetation height ranged from 0.5-0.75m tall, rarely 0.9m tall.
On the 3rd of August Mark Duffell and Jayne Preece undertook a survey of the hedgerows and trees at Y Dolydd; recording species and locations of each species/section of hedgerow.
A total of 1025 botanical records were collected comprising 216 different species, subspecies and hybrids, belonging to 52 families (Appendix 1); of these two were Montgomeryshire Axiophytes. One Schedule 8 and two Schedule 9 Species were recorded at Y Dolydd (see below for more details); as you would expect for a semi-urban and gardened site there were also many non-native or introduced species and these are indicated in the annotated species list (Appendix 1).
Of the 1025 botanical records, 493 were made jointly with volunteers; many of the invertebrate and bird records were made by volunteers.
No sensible analysis could be undertaken of any gains or losses on the site given the lack of any historical botanical records.
Axiophytes Axiophytes are useful indicators of a site's importance for conservation; they comprise species which are neither particularly common nor rare but only occur on sites of conservation importance (BSBI 2015). As no historical botanical data was available for Y Dolydd no comparison could be made for Axiophytes.
A list of Axiophytes for Montgomeryshire (BSBI 2015) was compared with the current survey and Y Dolydd was found to have a total of 2 Axiophyte species: Changing Forget-me-not Myosotis discolor Yellow Rattle Rhinanthus minor
Changing Forget-me-not was only present in the car park area and needs this regularly disturbed habitat to survive; a single patch of 3 plants of Yellow Rattle were found in the meadow and it is
unclear if these are genuine naturally occurring plants or if they have been deliberately introduced in the past. It is probably best to consider it an introduction.
Camera Trapping A single camera trap (LTL Acorn 5210A 940NM LED) was set up at two locations at Y Dolydd. It was set out on the 14th of July and retrieved on the morning of the 18th of July, being located on the bank next to the stream at SJ15051877. This area had a ‘beach’ to the side of the stream and was predicted to be used by animals and birds, both feeding and possibly bathing.
On the 1st of August until the 5th of August, it was set at SJ151187, again on the bank facing east along the stream, but in more of a cutting than the previous site. The camera trap was attached to a wooden stake set approximately 40cm above the height of the water level.
Both times the trap was set to record for 30 seconds intervals, using side and front sensors. (See Appendix 2: Location of Camera Trap sites, Stream sampling point and Moth Trap site)
Bioblitz: Small Mammal Trapping, Moth Trap, Bat Walk and Stream survey As part of the Bioblitz a Small Mammal survey, Moth Trap and Bat Walk and Stream survey were undertaken at Y Dolydd. (For Location map see Appendix 2: Location of Camera Trap sites, Stream sampling point and Moth Trap site and Appendix 3: Location of Small Mammal Traps)
Small Mammal Trapping Methodology: The technique for trapping followed that prescribed in the Mammal Society’s “Mini Mammal Monitoring – Low density live trapping” booklet (Mammal Society 2015). A total of 50 Longworth Traps were set around the site, concentrating on areas suspected to have a higher number of small mammals (See Appendix 3). Traps were marked with flagged canes, and their locations recorded using GPS. Traps were provided with dry hay bedding, with crushed oats, pieces of apple, raisins and castors. A Shrew license is held by Arvensis Ecology.
Traps were set on the night of the 17th of July as part of the Bioblitz using volunteers and Arvensis Ecology ecologists. The overnight temperature was 9oC. Traps were opened on the morning of the 18th of July again by volunteers overseen by Arvensis Ecology ecologists.
Records were made of full/empty traps, species (if present) and if possible the following was also recorded: sex, weight and a photograph taken (not all animals were obliging with this). Animals caught were placed in a small canvas bag, then inside a container and weighed on Digital Scales (Salter 1036 WHSSDR – 1g accuracy). Animals were released after a minimal time (Traps were emptied at the same location as they were set, to allow animals to be returned to their individual territories).
Identification was through experience and using the Mammal Society species factsheets along with Mammals UK: An introduction to the Nation’s Wild Mammals (Mammal Trust UK, 2001).
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Moth Trap A mains powered Skinner Moth trap was set up in Quad A in the garden at SJ55061867. The light was turned on at 21:00 on 17th of July, being turned off at 09:00 on the 18th of July. The trap was covered and brought inside and emptied. Moths were captured and placed into individual containers to allow for identification. Moths were released following identification.
Identifications were made using the following publications: Collins Complete British Insects (Chinery 2005). Day Flying Moths of Britain (Lewington 2006). Field Guide in Colour to Butterflies and Moths (Novák 2000). Hawkmoths of the British Isles (Bebbington & Lewington 2007). Concise guide to Moths of Great Britain and Ireland (Waring & Townsend 2009).
Andrew Cutts was the lead recorder, assisted mainly by Paul Shearer, Tina Smith with further assistance from the Preece family. Records were reviewed and commented on by Pete Boardman.
Bat Survey A bat walk was carried out as part on the night of the 17th of July. A walk round the buildings with volunteers was led by Andrew Cutts. Whilst the main group were searching round the buildings, Mark and Jenni Duffell made visual checks of other parts of the grounds to alert the group to any bat activity.
Three bat detectors of two types were used: one Wildlife Acoustics Echometer Touch (running on iPad Mini 2) and two Magenta Bat 5 Detectors.
Stream Survey On the 18th of July as part of the Bioblitz the stream was surveyed for freshwater invertebrates (sampling was also undertaken on other dates, species being added to the species list if new). The stream was accessed at SJ15051877 (See Appendix 2) and samples obtained by kick sampling and sweeping. Samples were inspected in white trays and identifications made.
Identifications were made using the following publications: The Freshwater Name Trail: A Key to the Invertebrates of Ponds and Streams (Orton et al. 1998) Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates (Dobson et al. 2012).
Bird survey of Buildings at Y Dolydd A walk around of the main buildings at Y Dolydd was undertaken to scope out any nesting sites for Birds. These locations and if possible species have been recorded in Appendix 4: Location of Nests and nesting sites around the main building. Identified by Mark Duffell and Andrew Cutts on the 18th of July.
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Results of Botanical Survey, Meadow NVC survey and survey of trees and hedgerows.
See Appendix 1 for an Annotated Botanical species list, discussing distribution of individual species around Y Dolydd.
NVC quadrats were recorded in representative samples of the vegetation communities within the Meadows using standard NVC techniques (Rodwell 1991-2000). Quadrats were localised to 10m (8-figure grid-reference) using GPS. Quadrats were 2m x 2m squares, grid references in Table 1. Data was analysed using MAVIS for NVC analysis and Ellenberg values; although not all species had data for Ellenberg analysis available (see Appendix 5: Quadrat data; Tables 2 and 3).
Table 1: Location of NVC Quadrats Table 2: MAVIS NVC results for all quadrats
Quadrat Number Grid Reference Quadrat: All 1 SJ15101876 NVC Percentage 2 SJ15121875 MG7 67.34 3 SJ15151875 MG7b 65.66 4 SJ15011876 MG7d 63.81 5 SJ15081876 MG7c 63.49 6 SJ15041875 MG6a 62.73 7 SJ15161874 MG9 60.92 8 Not recorded MG9a 60.26 9 SJ14981871 MG6 59.53 10 SJ14981872 MG7a 59.30 11 SJ14991869 MG10a 58.05 12 SJ15021870
13 SJ15011871
14 SJ15131872
15 SJ15111872
16 SJ15021873 17 SJ15101872
Analysing all of the meadow quadrats together, MAVIS results came out strongly to MG7 Lolium perenne leys and related grasslands (67.34%), with the three subcommunities MG7b Lolium perenne-Poa trivialis leys (65.66%), MG7d Lolium perenne-Alopecurus pratensis grassland (63.81%) and MG7c Lolium perenne-Alopecurus pratensis-Festuca pratensis Grassland (63.49%). These are all examples of intensive grasslands dominated by Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, found in arable/ley rotation grasslands and amenity grassland. Not species rich it also contains Italian Rye- grass Lolium multiflorum and Timothy Phleum pratense as dominant species, both often derived from seed-mixes. Herbs are only present at low occurrences, and these are agricultural in their ecology and include Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg., Red Clover Trifolium pratense and White Clover Trifolium repens.
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Old leys such as at Y Dolydd can develop thicker, coarser swards containing Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus and Cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata, as well as occasional patches of Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus.
Of the four subcommunities the most desirable is the MG7d Lolium perenne-Alopecurus pratensis grassland which is in the wetter end of this community and is characteristic of ‘moist and fertile alluvial soils in lowland river valleys’ (Rodwell 1992) where there is infrequent flooding.
Surveying the site and its botanical elements suggested that the ground was always moist, with a neutral pH and a medium fertility (higher in the eastern meadow compared to the western parts of the meadow). This was backed up by the Ellenberg values for each quadrat and their median values (Table 3). Ellenberg Indicator Values provide a tool for understanding the ecology of a site and have four major scales for Light, Moisture, Reaction (pH), and Nitrogen. Each individual species has a value for each of these scales. Ellenberg values were derived from the seventeen NVC quadrats using MAVIS (2000). Quadrats were analysed individually and as a group.
The Ellenberg values for each quadrat and for median values (Table 3), reflect the hydrology and history of the site and did not produce any surprises. Light levels are showing the open nature of the site, with some shading present around the edges or near trees. Moisture values indicate that the site is of ‘average dampness’. The Ellenberg value for Reaction (linked to pH value) shows the site to be relatively neutral in pH. Fertility had the widest range from 4.9-6.2 showing a range of fertility levels across the site with intermediate to fertile nitrogen levels.
Table 3: MAVIS Ellenberg value results for each quadrat.
Quadrat Light Moisture Reaction Fertility No 1 7.3 5.3 6.4 4.9 2 7.2 5.7 6.0 5.8 3 7.1 5.5 5.8 5.4 4 7.4 5.3 6.4 5.7 5 7.3 5.4 6.2 5.7 6 7.0 5.5 6.0 5.8 7 7.0 5.9 6.0 5.9 8 7.3 5.6 6.0 5.4 9 6.8 5.3 5.3 5.3 10 7.1 5.1 5.5 5.3 11 7.0 5.9 6.1 5.8 12 7.1 5.5 6.0 6.2 13 7.5 5.3 6.3 5.8 14 7.1 5.5 5.7 5.1 15 6.9 5.9 5.9 5.8 16 7.6 5.1 6.3 5.9 17 7.5 5.2 6.0 5.7 Median 7.1 5.5 6.0 5.7 Range 6.8-7.6 5.1-5.9 5.3-6.4 4.9-6.2 20
Undoubtedly the Meadows at Y Dolydd have been sown and fertilised in the past as part of their agricultural heritage and they belong in the MG7 Lolium perenne leys and related grasslands community. Analysing the quadrats individually reflects the hydrology and ecology of the site, and suggests that the wetter areas are MG7d with some MG7b and MG7c also present.
Tree and Hedgerow Survey All of the boundaries and individual trees were recorded at Y Dolydd (See Appendix 6: Records from Tree and Hedgerow Survey and Appendix 7: Approximate locations of individual trees and hedgerows).
Mature trees and trees of a reasonable size in the hedgerows to the north of the Meadows included Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Wych Elm Ulmus glabra. In the centre of the Meadow is a veteran Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur with Elder Sambucus nigra shrubs round its base.
Common hedgerow species included Hazel Corylus avellana, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Elder Sambucus nigra.
By the stream Alder Alnus glutinosa can dominate the hedgerow, with two large Ash Fraxinus excelsior trees being found on the far banks of the stream, in one case sheltering a large Field Maple Acer campestre.
Some recent tree planting had taken place by the metal fence on the eastern boundary of the Meadow (SJ1518) this was the only site for Holm Oak Quercus ilex. There is an old Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna growing and slowly decaying half way along this fence line.
The East Garden contained several fruit trees of a reasonable age including several Apple Malus pumila and a single Pear Pyrus communis. Dominating the East Garden is a large stand of 17 Poplars Populus ‘Balsam Spire’ at least 30 years old and probably older.
In the Front Garden is a large ornamental Crab Apple Malus sylvestris Cv2. with red foliage and pink flowers; nearby are several ornamental conifers including Chamaecyparis Cv.
A line of ornamental Birch Betula utilis var. jacquemontii has been recently planted between the two meadows heading towards the stream, at the end of this line is the only Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa at Y Dolydd.
2 Cv. = Cultivar or Cultivated Variety. 21
Results of Camera Trapping A total of 66 recordings were triggered, from these 36 individual biological records have been extracted (see Table 4; Appendix 8: Results from Camera Trapping; Appendix 10: All Mammal records; Appendix 11: All Bird records). All identifications were made by Mark Duffell, confirmed as necessary by Andrew Cutts. The location was of use to many birds and animals, with a total of 10 species being recorded in the area, often on multiple occasions. Good sightings of Badgers and Otters were recorded on three occasions; a mouse was sighted once but was insufficiently captured to render a full identification. Birds used both sites, although the first site with its open beach area proved more diverse. The commonest species were Blackbirds and then Dunnock. Other species include Great Tit, Grey Wagtail, Robin, Song Thrush and Wren.
Two Schedule 5 species were recorded at Y Dolydd using Camera traps (see below for more details).
Table 4: Summary of Camera Trapping results
Species Occurrence(s) No of occurrences Badger Meles meles 17th July; 19th July 3 Mouse Apodemus sp. 17th July 1 Otter Lutra lutra 18th July; 19th July; 1st August 3 16th July; 17th July; 18th July; 2nd Blackbird Turdus merula August; 3rd August; 4th August; 14 5th August Dunnock Prunella modularis 17th July; 18th July 5 Great Tit Parus major 18th July 1 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 18th July; 2nd August 2 Robin Erithacus rubecula 2nd August 1 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 17th July; 18th July 2 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes 17th July; 4
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Results of Small Mammal Trapping A total of five traps contained small mammals with both Field Vole Microtus agrestis and Pygmy Shrew Sorex minutus being caught (See Table 5; Appendix 3: Location of Small mammal traps and location of traps with mammals present; Appendix 12: Grid References and locations for all Small Mammal Traps). Identification was undertaken primarily by Andrew Cutts with Mark Duffell assisting.
Table 5: Summary table of Small Mammals caught at Y Dolydd.
Trap No Location Species. Sex Weight YD04 South Garden Pygmy Shrew Sorex minutus Unknown Not done Main Meadow – YD19 Field Vole Microtus agrestis Unknown 37g northern hedge 23g Main Meadow – YD21 Field Vole Microtus agrestis Male (Juvenile) northern hedge Main Meadow – Evaded YD28 Pygmy Shrew Sorex minutus Evaded sexing northern hedge weighing Main Meadow – 26g YD33 Field Vole Microtus agrestis Male northern hedge (Juvenile)
In addition one trap contained a number of Common Earwigs Forficula auricula (Trap YD37), and another YD17 had a snail Caprea sp.
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Results of Moth Trapping During the moth trapping a total of 53 moths were caught with 28 species being recorded (See Table 6 and Appendix 13: Records of invertebrates from Y Dolydd). Identification was undertaken primarily by Andrew Cutts, Paul Shearer and Tina Smith with assistance from Mark Duffell, Anne Yiangou, Daisy Yiangou, George Preece and Jayne Preece (all records confirmed by Andrew Cutts on the day). All invertebrate records have been reviewed and commented on by entomologist extraordinaire Pete Boardman.
Table 6: Species recorded during moth trapping session.
Common Name Scientific Name Count Spectacle Abrostola triplasia 1 Heart and Dart Agrotis exclamationis 3 Dark Arches Apamea monoglypha 6 a Wainscot Archanara sp. 2 Garden Tiger Arctia caja 1 Beautiful Golden Y Autrographa pulchrina 3 Peppered Moth Biston betularia 3 The Shark Cucullia umbratica 1 Elephant Hawkmoth Deilephila elpenor 1 Burnished Brass Diachrysia chrysitis 4 Common Footman Eilema lurideola 1 T-moth Emmelina monodactyla 1 Barred Straw Eulithis pyraliata 1 Yellowtail Euproctis similis 3 A Dart Euxoa sp. 1 Euxoa sp. aff. Euxoa sp. aff. 2 Snout Hypena proboscidalis 2 Satin Wave Idaea subericeata 1 Poplar Hawk-Moth Laothoe populi 3 Clouded Border Lomaspilis marginata 1 Common Rustic Mesapamea secalis agg. 1 a Wainscot Mythimna sp. 1 Clay Mythimna ferrago 1 Lesser Yellow Underwing Noctua comes 2 Swallowtailed Ourapteryx sambucaria 4 Buff Tip Phalera bucephala 1 Double Square-Spot Xestia triangulum 1 a Sword-grass Xylena sp 1
All of the moth species recorded are common to the area, and show a selection of the species that are present at Y Dolydd. Follow on Moth trapping would reveal any trends that cannot be shown from a one off moth trapping event.
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Results of Bat Walk A total of 10 records were made for Bats at Y Dolydd, comprising three species: Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus and Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctule (See Appendix 9: Bat Records, existing Bat Boxes and Sites with Bat Potential; Appendix 10: All Mammal records).
No attempt was made to undertake a full bat survey3 but it is suspected that detailed surveying of the interior of Y Dolydd would yield a number of bat and mammal records not contained in this report.
Before the bat walk, Andrew Cutts walked the site and recorded habitats at Y Dolydd with potential for Bats. These features included several trees with potential for bat roosts (Table 7).
Table 7: Potential features suitable for Bats
Number Feature 1 Ash tree covered with Ivy. Providing opportunities for casual roosting. No obvious cavities. 2 Oak – veteran tree with deadwood throughout. Prominent basal cavity and old Wren’s nest inside. Loose bark and cavities in stem give high potential as Bat roost. 3 Ash. Mature tree with small portion of deadwood and decay at 10m on main stem. Cavities likely to develop over time. 4 Ash. Mature tree covered in Ivy. However Ivy is now dead as it has been cut at base. Potential casual roost as on stream line but potential decline as dead Ivy falls from the tree. No obvious cavities (not inspected on north side due to lack of access).
Several bat boxes have been installed at Y Dolydd (shown on Appendix 9), in many cases these were identified as having the entrance being too wide for bats (they can be taken over by birds for roosting or nesting).
See Appendix 9: Locations of Bat records, existing Bat boxes and site with Bat Potential.
3 Any work or changes to the structures and buildings at Y Dolydd should only be undertaken after a full bat survey of the property. 25
Results of Stream Survey
A total of 20 records were made for stream invertebrates at Y Dolydd, comprising 17 species (see Appendix 13: Records of Invertebrates recorded at Y Dolydd). Some of these identifications could only be made to family, order or phylum level (17). Three records were confidently made to species level: Water Limpet Ancylus fluviatilis, and two for Freshwater Shrimp Gammarus pulex. A summary of species recorded is in Table 8.
No attempt was made to undertaken a full freshwater invertebrate survey but it was possible to determine that the water quality at Y Dolydd is reasonable given the numbers of Mayfly and Stonefly nymphs present. These groups are pollution sensitive and make useful indicators of regular pollution event such as nutrient enrichment from agricultural run-off or one-off accidental chemical contamination e.g. Sheep Dip or fuel spillage.
When taken into account along with the presence of Otter Lutra lutra transiting the site, it all suggests the water quality is good.
Table 8: Summary of species recorded
Common Name Scientific Name (Family or Order) Water Limpet Ancylus fluviatilis Freshwater Shrimp Gammarus pulex Midge Larvae Family: Ceratopogonidae Non-biting Midge Larvae Family: Chironomidae Water Beetle - small Family: Coleoptera Water Beetle - large Family: Coleoptera ‘Swimming Mayfly Nymph’ Family: Ephemeroptera ‘Flattened Mayfly Nymph’ Family: Ephemeroptera ‘Large Mayfly Nymph’ Family: Ephemeroptera ‘Mayfly Nymph – other’ Family: Ephemeroptera Pond Skater Family: Gerridae Leech Family: Hirundinidae Pond Snail Family: Lymnaidae Water Mite Order: Acari Stonefly Nymph Order: Plecoptera Cased Caddisfly Order: Trichoptera True Worm Phylum: Annelida
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Results of Bird nesting survey The locations of nests seen during the 18th of July survey by Mark Duffell and Andrew Cutts can be found in Appendix 4. Only nests constructed on the main building were recorded; trees were not searched for nests during this survey.
A total of 21 nests or nesting sites were identified. The Beech hedge on the western side of the main building is used heavily by House Sparrows. The buildings are heavily used by predominantly Swifts and House Sparrows, with Jackdaws and Swallows also making use of the site. All of the courtyards had nests (or signs of past nests) except the Women’s Courtyard. The site is an important nesting site for Swifts locally and regionally.
A female Mallard was brooding a nest of eight eggs in the long grass of the Meadow (SJ1418) near the telegraph pole, it appears she was disturbed and did not successfully raise her brood. Other birds were seen in the area carrying food to nestlings including Blackbird and Tits.
A list of birds recorded at Y Dolydd can be found in Appendix 11.
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Summary of Recording at Y Dolydd An attempt was made to cover a wide variety of taxonomic groups during surveying at Y Dolydd. Good coverage has been made of Vascular Plants, Mammals, Birds and a variety of invertebrates.
Table 9: Numbers and types of records made during current survey.
Taxonomic Group No of records No of Species Comments
Amphibian 1 1 From Facebook Bird 91 29 - Mammals (excl. Bats) 15 7 - Mammals: Bats 10 3 - Invertebrates 166 122 - Plants 1025 216 -
Total Records 1308
Total Species 378
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Schedule 5, 8, 9 and Section 42 Species (Protected and Invasive species).
The Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981, and its amendments in the Countryside and Rights of Way (CROW) Act 2000 created a list of animal and plant species which are either protected (Schedule 5, 6 and Schedule 8) or non-native species that are considered harmful to the environment (Schedule 9). Further acts also protect animals including the Badgers Act, 1992.
It is an offence under the WACA 1981 to intentionally kill, injure or take any wild bird; it is an offence to intentionally take, damage or destroy the eggs, young or nest of any wild bird.
For species listed on Schedule 5 it is an offence to “capture, kill, disturb or injure the animal…. Damage or destroy a breeding or resting place… obstruct access to their resting and sheltering places…”
At Y Dolydd the following Schedule 5 species4 were recorded:
Schedule 5 Common Toad Bufo bufo Otter Lutra lutra Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus † Lesser Horsehoe Bat Rhinolophus hipposideros †
† indicates not recorded during current survey
For species listed on Schedule 8 it is an offence to “deliberately pick collect, cut, uproot or destroy these wild plants”.
The only Schedule 8 species recorded in this survey was the Bluebell. Despite its inclusion on Schedule 8 this it will have little effect on the overall management of this particular site as in this case it is only an offence if any part of the plant is sold and not if plants are damaged (intentionally or otherwise) (NE 2014).
Schedule 8 Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta
With Schedule 9 species it is an offence to release or allow to release animals or plants into the wild (NE 2011). Fortunately Y Dolydd has few species listed on Schedule 9.
4 Applies to all Bat species. 29
Schedule 9 A Cotoneaster Cotoneaster sp. Small-leaved Cotoneaster Cotoneaster microphyllus
The following species are on Section 42 of the Wales Biodiversity Partnership (list of habitats and species of importance in Wales).
Section 42 species Skylark Alauda arvensis Common Toad Bufo bufo Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca Otter Lutra lutra Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula House Sparrow Passer domesticus Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus † Dunnock Prunella modularis Lesser Horsehoe Bat Rhinolophus hipposideros † Song Thrush Turdus philomelos
† indicates not recorded during current survey
Badgers have been recorded using the site (Camera traps and field signs). The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 applies to Badger Melees meles only, offences include: ‘taking, injuring or killing badgers… Cruelty… Interfering with Badger Setts…’.
None of the invertebrate species recorded are listed on any of the Schedules or Section 42.
What does this mean for Y Dolydd? The only Schedule 8 species present, Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta has undoubtedly been planted on to Y Dolydd originally. The species is protected from un-licensed selling of plants or parts of plants but as this is unlikely at Y Dolydd then this is no concern.
Fortunately the presence of any Schedule 9 species at Y Dolydd is not that obvious, with no widespread invading hordes of foreign plants. A single plant of Small-leaved Cotoneaster Cotoneaster microphyllus grows in the Girls’ Courtyard and an unidentified species of Cotoneaster 30
is present in the East Garden. Both plants have been introduced as ornamentals for their garden potential. In an urban-gardened area these species are extremely common for they make great garden plants with lots of wildlife potential. Whilst Cotoneaster sp. can and do spread into the wild causing damage to natural habitats, they are less of a problem in such a 'cultivated' and managed site as Y Dolydd.
Weeds?
Despite widespread hysteria in the media Ragwort Senecio jacobaea is not a ‘notifiable weed’5. You do not need to declare it to the council etc., nor do you need to control it on your land. In fact Ragwort is a useful host to several species of Moths (Ragwort Facts 2011). At Y Dolydd Ragwort is uncommon and never dominates any areas growing only in disturbed areas; at the moment it does not appear to be a problem. As Y Dolydd does not harvest hay no problems of livestock eating it should occur. Attempts to remove this species should be carefully monitored and the plants correctly identified as there are several other similar looking ‘yellow daisies’ on the site that are of botanical and ecological value.
5 In UK Law there is no such thing! 31
Summary of compartments at Y Dolydd Y Dolydd was split into eleven recording compartments, ranging from the cultivated ground, adjacent to the main building to the fields surrounding the site. Below are brief botanical and ecological notes for each compartment.
A total of eleven recording compartments were created within Y Dolydd (Figure 10 – page 15). The compartments are described below. Main Meadow SJ1418 Main Meadow SJ1518 Boys’ Courtyard Girls’ Courtyard Women’s Courtyard Men’s Courtyard Front Garden SJ1418 Front Garden SJ1518 North Garden East Garden Car Park
Meadows (Figure 11) The Meadows were split into two (recording) compartments due to the 1 km boundary transecting the site. The most species rich part of the Meadows was to the east of the site, but then only moderately more so than elsewhere. The Meadows at Y Dolydd are part of the wider agricultural landscape and heritage, with all of the associated fertilisers and re-sowing that entails. Surveying revealed the site to be a typical MG7 Lolium perenne ley. Other than Yellow Rattle Rhinanthus minor the meadows contain no species of individual conservation interest. Whilst not of much value ecologically (although it is still botanically and ecologically richer than neighbouring farm land) it does mean the current entertainment activities can continue on them without damaging the ecological value of the site.
It would be desirable to restore some or all of the Meadow to a community of more ecological value, comprising flowering species suited to the damp soils. Species could include: Yarrow Achillea millefolium Betony Betonica officinalis Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra Lady’s Bedstraw Galium verum Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Birds-foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus Cowslip Primula veris Selfheal Prunella vulgaris Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris Yellow Rattle Rhinanthus minor Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa Ragged Robin Silene (Lychnis) flos-cuculi Red Clover Trifolium pratense Tufted Vetch Vicia cracca
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Changing the grass sward to incorporate more/some of the following grasses would also be beneficial: Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis Sweet Vernal-grass Anthoxanthum odoratum Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus Red Fescue Festuca rubra Meadow Barley Hordeum murinum
This could be achieved with green hay-strewing, planting of plug plants and/or direct seeding. Improvements here botanically would in turn benefit the invertebrate and bird populations.
Figure 11: Meadow looking towards two mature Ash trees and stream. Grass species present include Yorkshire Fog, Italian Rye-grass, Perennial Rye-grass, Cock’s-foot, Common Bent. A couple of flowering herbs are also visible including Meadow Buttercup and Common Sorrel.
Meadows: Hedgerows and Trees (Figure 12) The hedgerows round the Meadows are some of the most diverse parts of Y Dolydd, numerous species occur here including Hazel Corylus avellana, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Elder Sambucus nigra.
In the centre of the Meadow stands a veteran Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur with Elder Sambucus nigra shrubs round its base; and round that a large colony of Rosebay Willowherb
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Chamerion angustifolium. The habitats provided by this oak are superb, including dead wood habitats for invertebrates and holes and cracks for nesting/roosting of birds and bats.
Mature trees and trees of a reasonable size in the hedgerows to the north of the Meadows included Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Wych Elm Ulmus glabra.
By the stream Alder Alnus glutinosa can dominate the hedgerow, with two large Ash Fraxinus excelsior trees being found on the far banks of the stream, in one case sheltering a large Field Maple Acer campestre.
Figure 12: Meadow looking east from near central oak tree. Metal fence line can be seen to the right (with old Hawthorn) and to the right the line of the stream with two large Ash trees present.
Meadows: Stream (Figure 13). The hedgerow to the west hides the stream until half way across the site, when it swaps sides and the stream crosses to the south side. The banks of the stream are colonised by many species unique to this part of the site including moisture lovers such as Wild Angelica Angelica sylvestris, Wavy Bitter-cress Cardamine flexuosa, Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, Des Etangs’ St. John’s- wort Hypericum xdesetangsii, Water Mint Mentha aquatica, Hemlock Water-dropwort Oenanthe crocata and Common Figwort Scrophularia nodosa.
A fringe of tall eutrophic vegetation borders the stream, mopping up excess nutrients washed into the stream from neighbouring farmland, these include Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium and, Nettle Urtica dioica.
Within the water was very little aquatic vegetation but on the immediate margins could be found Marsh Bedstraw Galium palustre, Floating Sweet-grass Glyceria fluitans, Water Pepper Persicaria hydropiper, Reed Canary-grass Phalaris arundinacea and Brooklime Veronica beccabunga. . Just downstream from Y Dolydd was a flourishing stand of Water-cress Nasturtium officinale sl.
The hedgerows and stream banks contained several species usually associated with woodlands namely Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Yellow Pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum, Dog’s Mercury Mercurialis perennis and Wood Speedwell Veronica montana. These could all be relics of a past woodland, which is now reduced to fragmented hedgerows. In the same area were stands of Remote Sedge Carex remota.
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Figure 13: View looking along stream (east) near Ash and Field Maple, showing tall fringe of vegetation with Nettles. On the far bank is a more interesting flora of Remote Sedge, Wood Speedwell and Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage.
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Courtyards and Buildings
Each courtyard was individual in its character, in part due to their current and historic uses. The buildings are used widely by Birds (namely Swifts, Swallows, Jackdaws and House Sparrows) and various Bats. The walls of the building play host to three species of ferns, Black Spleenwort Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Wall Rue A. ruta-muraria and Maidenhair Spleenwort A. trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens; the best location to see these is by the downspout in the Men’s Courtyard, along the front of Y Dolydd building (facing the east) and large colonies on the Women’s Courtyard buildings (both inside the courtyard and on the East Garden walls).
Boys’ Courtyard (Figure 14) The majority of this courtyard is given over to grass, of reasonable diversity. An area of paving leads to the main doors, with a flower bed to the right containing mainly non-native ornamental species, although they have naturalised Wood Forget-me-not Myosotis sylvatica and Enchanter’s Nightshade Circaea lutetiana. Some of the walls have ivy covering them. Renovation work had just started on the heritage room by the entrance to the courtyard.
This area was well used by Swifts and a Swallow’s nest was in the Heritage Room using a hole in the roof/wall for access.
Figure 14: Boys’ Courtyard seen from entrance, with path leading to main door.
Girls’ Courtyard (Figure 15) The Girls’ Courtyard is the most ‘industrial’ of the courtyards, with a large tarmacked area and various workshops housed in the buildings around it. A couple of small flower beds are scattered
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round mainly containing non-native ornamental species. The area beneath the metal staircase revealed some weeds unique to this area including Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis ssp. arvensis, Opium Poppy Papaver somniferum, Sticky Groundsel Senecio viscosus and Common Wheat Triticum aestivum. Again this area is well used by Swifts and other birds for nesting.
Figure 15: Girls’ Courtyard with flower beds to left, centre and right (by white building). Note the metal staircase near the red dustbin.
Women’s Courtyard (Figure 16) The Women’s Courtyard has a central lawn dominated by Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne and White Clover Trifolium repens, suggesting that this area has been seeded in the past. A single Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur is present on the northern side. Two ornamental beds are present, filled with Pendulous Sedge Carex pendula and other ornamental species. On the eastern walls by the eastern entrance to the Courtyard grows Wall Rue Asplenium ruta-muraria in profusion. Old growth of Ivy Hedera helix has recently been trimmed from the north facing side of the buildings.
Figure 16: Women’s Courtyard, central grassed area with Pedunculate Oak to the right.
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Men’s Courtyard (Figure 17) The Men’s Courtyard is the most gardened of all the courtyards, with a range of native and non- native ornamental species; no attempt was made to record all of the horticultural species present. Prominent trees include Ornamental Cherries Prunus sp., Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Silver Birch Betula pendula.
This area currently has the most biodiversity value, offering a host of plants suitable for feeding invertebrates, and in turn Birds and Mammals. Continued sympathetic gardening in this area will continue this diversity.
Figure 17: View looking North in the Men’s Courtyard. The large Ornamental Cherry, Birch and Weeping Cherry can be seen.
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Front Garden (Figure 18) Partly a garden attached to the care-takers dwelling, this area has been tended and has many non- native shrubs including several ornamental Conifers, Butterfly-bush Buddleja davidii and Weyer’s Butterfly-bush Buddleja weyeriana. Herbaceous ornamental species include cultivated forms of Primrose Primula sp., Robb’s Wood Spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides ssp. robbiae and Cypress Spurge Euphorbia cyparissias.
The most botanically interesting and diverse area of Y Dolydd can be found in the long grassland that borders the Front Garden and its fence line; it contains several species not found elsewhere including Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra, Hedge Bedstraw Galium album, Square-stalked St. John’s-wort Hypericum tetrapterum, Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis, Barren Strawberry Potentilla sterilis and Bush Vetch Vicia sepium. Other species present elsewhere but of interest include Bugle Ajuga reptans, Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria and Hop Humulus lupulus. An improved mowing regime and management can help this area become even more botanically diverse.
Figure 18: Front garden showing area of lawn, ornamental crab apple and tall vegetation near to fence line.
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North Garden (Figure 19) A large area of amenity grassland with a line of trees including Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Goat Willow Salix caprea. The hedgerows surrounding the north and east of the garden contain similar species to those around the meadows although a few non-native (or at least not native to Montgomeryshire) species such as Beech Fagus sylvatica, Sitka Spruce Picea sitchensis, Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus and Lime Tilia xeuropaea. Some of the land has been cultivated to form ornamental flower beds. The ditch to the east by the hedge is relatively diverse with Dog’s Mercury Mercurialis perennis and other hedgerow species.
The grassland is of little ecological interest which is not too much of an issue given the site’s use for entertainment events.
Figure 19: North Garden looking towards Y Dolydd buildings, the line of mature trees can be seen. To the right and left can be made out the hedgerows.
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East Garden (Figure 20) Like the North Garden, this area has a large area of grassland which as it is currently being managed is of low ecological value. The presence of vegetable plots with their associated soil disturbance meant this was the only location on Y Dolydd for several species, these include Hedge Mustard Sisymbrium officinale and Common Field-Speedwell Veronica persica.
In the southeast corner are 17 mature Poplars Populus ‘Balsam Spire’. These are potentially reaching the end of their life, so plans should be underway to either replace or renovate this area.
Historically this site was used as a vegetable and fruit growing area and relics of this remain with mature Apple and Pear trees present. More recent plantings of fruiting trees are in the ‘Forest Garden’ area nearer the road with Juneberry Amelanchier lamarckii, Winter-flowering Honeysuckle Lonicera xpurpusii, Red Currant Ribes rubrum, Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa and Raspberry Rubus idaeus.
In the hedge bordering the field was the only site for the unusual Hairy Bindweed Calystegia pulchra with beautiful pink and white striped flowers. Whilst related to other Bindweeds and with similar pernicious root systems, this specimen is only colonising the hedgerow rather than ornamental areas of the garden and should be cherished for its attractive flowers rather than seen as a ‘weed’.
Figure 20: Looking North from near Men’s Courtyard, with Women’s Courtyard buildings on the left (which are covered in Wall Rue), the mound in the middle of the garden vegetated with Rowan and Birch as well as several ornamental species. In the distance can be seen the Hybrid Poplars.
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Car Park (Figure 21) As would be expected of this area it was not the most diverse site, predominantly coarse gravel chippings, but this allows for good colonisation by ‘weed’ species and for good drainage. Several plants were only recorded here including Common Orache Atriplex patula, Redshank Persicaria maculosa, Equal-leaved Knotweed Polygonum arenastrum and Knotweed Polygonum aviculare ss. These all comprised arable/ruderal weeds showing the recent disturbance from the creation of the car park.
Of most interest was Changing Forget-me-not Myosotis discolor, The Forget-me-not is an Axiophyte for Montgomeryshire and is again indicating recent disturbance, it is likely that without regular disturbance this species will decline and disappear. A similar disturbance species is Common Whitlow-grass Erophila verna ss. found in the car park and round the front of Y Dolydd (and elsewhere), benefitting from the warmth of the buildings and paving to help it flower early in the season.
Other interesting species found in the car park are Gorse Ulex europaeus, Common Bird’s-foot- trefoil Lotus corniculatus and Lesser Trefoil Trifolium dubium; all of use to pollinators.
There are several large Ash trees Fraxinus excelsior either in the car park or immediately outside, a fine stand of Wych Elm Ulmus glabra can be seen at the end of the Stable Block.
Figure 21: Car park with old stable blocks to the north. Large Ash tree is prominent to the south (left) with new soil mound to the north (right).
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Management Considerations and Recommendations
Any future entertainment and other events at Y Dolydd need to consider the impact they may have on the ecology and species of the site. Y Dolydd is not an example of a pristine wildlife habitat, so any events should only have limited and/or temporary impact on the site.
Potentially of more concern to the Y Dolydd Building Preservation Trust is any changes to the site to improve habitats could impact the area available to generate revenue through events e.g. conversion of all of existing grassland to species rich meadow with its associated cutting regime may be too restrictive to enable successful events.
Hopefully the following recommendations have taken both the ecological and cultural aspects into account.
Where relevant each area is discussed in turn, otherwise recommendations are more general, referring to particular practices.
Habitat restoration and management recommendations
HEDGEROWS: The Hedgerows at Y Dolydd are one of its finest assets and are prominent features in the surrounding landscape. They provide habitats for many plants, invertebrates, birds and mammals as well as sheltering stock and reducing erosion into the stream.
Many of the hedgerows are now requiring some management, the front hedgerow was laid using volunteers earlier in 2015. One of the main requirements for a hedgerow is to maintain them in a stock proof condition, a task no doubt undertaken by the neighbouring farmer using fencing on his side of the hedge. Next it is to maintain a hedge with a thick bottom and of a manageable height; infilling any gaps that occur with NATIVE tree species. Retention of any existing hedgerow trees is desirable, forethought should be made for trees to be allowed to grow to in time replace aging trees.
What is not aimed for is a uniform thickness, age, species poor hedgerow which will have lower biodiversity value compared to a mixed age, differing height, species rich hedgerow. To this aim the hedges should be laid/coppiced at regular intervals where appropriate.
Given the labour available at Y Dolydd in the form of volunteers and the relatively few resources available, it would make sense to capitalise on the volunteers, with a paid lead instructor thus saving money on longer term outside contractors. Volunteers would be able to lay small lengths of + hedgerow in sections (10m /-), a contractor may wish to do the whole or part of the site in one go.
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Laying should be done every 10 to 30 years, so it makes sense to run an (bi-)annual hedge laying + day(s) doing a section at a time, so that the whole site is covered every 20 years /- .Laying should be undertaken during the winter months of Mid-November through to Early March.
If stems are over 10cm in diameter then coppicing should be undertaken, cutting down low to rejuvenate the hedge and allow future laying.
Existing hedge line trees such as the fine examples of Ash and Oaks should be left, further trees should be selected from those already within the hedgerow to retain and allow to further develop. These can include the following species Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur, Wych Elm Ulmus glabra. Trees should be irregularly spaced at over 10m intervals to prevent an artificial regimented look.
If any further planting of hedgerows is planned or gaps need infilling then species to consider include Field Maple Acer campestre, Hazel Corylus avellana, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Holly Ilex aquifolium and Blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Other species to consider are Buckthorn Rhamnus catharticus (Foodplant for Brimstone Butterfly Gonopteryx rhamni); Rowan Sorbus aucuparia and Crab Apple Malus sylvestris are both good food plants for birds and small mammals.
Laying of the hedge to the north of the stream would require access from the fields on the northern side.
The metal fence along the north-eastern boundary of the Meadow could be infilled with further hedgerow species, then once established heavily pruned to encourage branching low down.
In places Blackthorn Prunus spinosa is encroaching on the adjacent grassland (in the western end of the meadow this is the case). Without control the Blackthorn will completely scrub over this area, forming a dense thicket. Whilst this is a good habitat, it is not necessarily desirable here. An annual cut of the hedgerow/grassland verge vegetation will keep any encroachment in check.
A recently planted Willow hedge runs from near to the Stable block, round to the north and east mirroring the line of the current hedge. It forms a screen, source of woody material and as a demarcation for emergency vehicle access. We would recommend not continuing this hedge-line any further as this would fragment the meadow further, shade out other habitats and potentially encourage weedy species to become established in ‘natural’ areas. The hedge can be maintained like the other excellent willow screen hedge near the North Garden and Meadow. Likewise planting of non-native ornamental species should be contained to this strip to retain the natural look of this area.
Summary:
Annual to Bi-annual hedge laying days with volunteers Laid in 10m sections. Specimen trees to be retained and replacements selected. Plant up hedge along north-eastern metal fence line. Strim/cut any encroaching Blackthorn
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Costs involved:
Equipment Skilled instructor Food
Potential to run as course, so participants pay cost of hiring instructor and/or food.
GRASSLANDS in Courtyards and Gardens: The biggest habitat at Y Dolydd is the grasslands. As many of these areas are used for events, a balance has to be struck between any ecological value and revenue generation.
Those areas of grassland within the Boys’, Women’s and Men’s Courtyards as well as the North and East Garden are of low ecological value. Management could be maintained as present, with cutting being done at regular intervals and for events.
If it was deemed possible without affecting events then it number of cuts a year can be reduced, allowing for some areas of grassland to grow taller. Paths could be cut through long grassland, with edges mown this will give the impression that the area is not totally abandoned. Reducing cutting would vary the structure and age of grassland present and increase the botanical, invertebrate and mammal diversity of the site.
A grass cut in early spring to reduce the level of any spring growth followed by a cut (height set at 10cm) every 2-3 weeks would encourage low growing herbs and grasses. This is usually recommended for short grassland in churchyards which don’t encounter the trampling associated with events such as those held at Y Dolydd. It will require some flexibility to see if this regime works with your events, if cutting height is appropriate and if species will recover sufficiently.
All grass clippings should be removed from the area and composted. No attempt should be made to remove the thatch (dead moss, live moss, old grass clippings) that has developed within the sward. Avoid adding any additional fertilisers or chemicals to the grassland.
Summary:
Maintain current regime OR Reduce cutting regime, to allow for more biodiversity (see above).
Costs:
Mowing/strimming as currently.
MEADOW: The meadows are the largest single habitat in terms of area at Y Dolydd (around 1.1 ha). Unfortunately they are one of the least diverse both botanically and entomologically. It would be wonderful to convert the whole meadow into an area of lowland hay meadow especially when 45
viewed in comparison to neighbouring land to show case hay meadow species. But this is in conflict with the wider aims of Y Dolydd and the events it currently hosts.
Downscaling this ambition to create an area of hay meadow in the northeast corner would limit the impact this has on any events. An area of approximately 1500m2 or 10% of the site could be set aside, by measuring along the metal fence for 65m and installing a fence line north to the large Ash tree (see Figure 22). If the site can be bigger that would be even better.
Figure 22: Area highlighted (in red) for hay meadow restoration project.
A fence and gate (potentially suitable for farm machinery) is required to separate this area off from the main meadow.
Several options are available for creating a hay meadow: green hay-strewing, seeding/over- seeding, transplants. Each has its merits and disadvantages.
Green Hay-strewing. If a local donor site can be found with suitable species, then a hay cut is taken from the donor site, brought to Y Dolydd and spread on the prepared site. It is left for a couple of days for the seeds to drop out into the soil and then collected in and the hay removed. This can be an extremely effective way to restore grassland, bringing in valuable species not always available in seed-mixes and matching local plant species and genetics. It also allows for some of the existing species to remain and form a mother crop for the newly transplanted seeds. Ideally multiple strewings over multiple years is desirable. Timing is critical, if the trailer of hay is delayed it will start to compost and damage the seeds.
Seeding/Over-seeding: A prepared site is seeded with bought wildflower/grass mix. This can have mixed results and often requires many years of sowing to be successful.
Transplants: Plants grown on site in containers or bought in are transplanted into the prepared sward. This can be highly effective but equally plantlets can fall prey to slugs and other pests. The
46
usual recommendation is to use low doses of slug pellets, but this is particularly undesirable being so close to a water course.
All require the site to be prepared beforehand with major weed species removed (e.g. Docks and Thistles), grass cut hard back and site harrowed to prepare the seedbed.
Volunteers should be able to help with many of these activities, although a local farmer would be needed to help harrow and or cut such a large area.
Once the area is established it can then be left to develop, a cutting regime should be set up in late July/August (dependent on species in seed mixes), with aftermath grazing by Cattle/Sheep being an option. Poaching by cattle’s hooves will press in any fallen seeds and aid the development of the sward. If stock is used then care needs to be taken to ensure they are not being treated with Avermectin or similar pesticide as this can lead to a reduction in the diversity and abundance of invertebrates and can have a knock on effect on Birds and Mammals.
It has been suggested that a pond could be created in the Meadow, this would introduce a new habitat feature to the site and probably draw in Dragonflies and Damselflies as well as different aquatic invertebrates not already present at Y Dolydd. There are very few areas suitable for a pond, that would not either reduce the area for events or potentially create a hazard to event users. One option would be to create it in the area that we have suggested for the wildflower meadow restoration, ideally filling a lot of this area with an island and gently sloping edges. The creation of the pond would require heavy machinery to dig it out, then a site for the spoil to be deposited. It may be possible to puddle the clay to create a natural liner (using a pond liner in a wet site can have problems associated with the already high water table); but if the clay dries out it can cause the pond to dry up and be very problematic to re-wet and line. A fence would be a sensible precaution to prevent late night revellers taking an impromptu dip into it. Perhaps a better location for the pond could be in the East Garden or a raised pond in the Men’s Courtyard; but neither of these allows the scope for such a big pond. Any pond in these areas would need to be located away from trees to prevent leaf fall becoming a long term maintenance issue. A raised pond could be built by volunteers easily and would be accessible to all visitors included disabled users.
Summary:
Hay meadow creation project
Costs:
Fencing and gate materials and installation Farmers involvement Cost of seeds/plants/green hay AND/OR green hay transport.
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STREAM and STREAMSIDE VEGETATION
The stream that runs through Y Dolydd is in good condition (low nutrients, low pollution and high oxygen levels) shown by the healthy population of stream invertebrates and provides a transit route for foraging Otters and other wildlife. The banks of the stream are bounded on the north side by a hedgerow, and to the south by tall vegetation.
The biggest threats to the stream and its occupants arise from outside of Y Dolydd’s land and control; with neighbouring farmland and it potential for run-off and pollution incidents affecting the catchment. Good co-operation with local farmers and landowners may mean that these are reduced or mitigated but this outside the scope of this report.
Flooding is an obvious issue with all streams and river systems, but as long as Y Dolydd maintains the stream without any major obstructions being allowed to develop, such as fallen trees, plant and other debris then this risk is reduced as much as is practicable.
Generally the stream is overhung with vegetation from the southern banks including Hemlock Water Dropwort Oenanthe crocata and Nettles Urtica dioica, which in turn block out light and impede flow. Some of this could be sympathetically removed to allow light into the stream bed, this has the benefit of allowing terrestrial species access to foraging and drinking areas. A good area for this management would be near where the stream enters the site from the west, with its shallow gravel banks it provides habitats that have been seen to be used by mammals and birds.
At present the stream is unusual in not being invaded by the non-native invasive species (Schedule 9) Indian or Himalayan Balsam Impatiens glandulifera. This species only tends to comes into sites when there is an ecological niche that is not being filled by native plants. At Y Dolydd these are being filled by natives. Given that this species is not present on the site sensitive management should be employed along the stream to prevent bare areas of earth developing which are ideal seed beds for Indian Balsam to develop in. If in the future Indian Balsam does arrive onto Y Dolydd land then it can be either left, as it is a valuable nectar source for foraging insects, or it can be controlled by pulling BEFORE seed development and ideally whilst still seedlings under 30cm in height.
Along the banks of the stream and grassland for a width of between 1m and 3m the vegetation can be dominated by Great Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, Reed Canary-grass Phalaris arundinacea and Common Figwort Scrophularia nodosa. These indicate an area with high nutrient and moisture levels. This marginal vegetation needs cutting back periodically, but the cuttings need removing away from the stream banks6, otherwise they will release back the nutrients they contain and continue enriching the area.
Cutting in spring (February) and early winter (late October) will allow alternating patches of different ages of vegetation (increasing mammal and insect habitats) to develop. It will require some flexibility to see if this regime works with the habitats and volunteers, but this timing should
6 These plants will contain high levels of nutrients and will benefit the compost and future gardening uses. All species can be used with the exception of Hemlock Water-dropwort due to its poisonous nature. 48
prevent too little vegetation being present at summer events and stop any accidental/deliberate incursions into the stream by visitors (except in permitted areas).
Grass cuttings and meadow cuttings should never be dumped along the sides of the streams or in hedgerows, but composted or placed in a designated area away from valuable habitats.
Care needs to be taken when handling Hemlock Water-dropwort as it is highly poisonous, but the usual sensible precautions of washing after handling and before eating are sufficient control measures. If handling large quantities of Hemlock Water-dropwort then we recommend wearing disposable/sterile gloves.
Care should be taken to avoid erosion of the banks of the stream by human activity; at present the streamside vegetation is doing a good job of keeping the general populace away from the edge. Erosion of the banks not only damages these fragile habitats but the silt released into the water can potentially damage the inhabitants both in particulate and nutrient release.
Occasional natural erosion is no bad thing as it changes the habitats and succession allowing for different wildlife to occupy these zones; this erosion will often occur during the winter/flooding season.
One potential problem that Y Dolydd has during events is the potential for visitors to dump waste into the stream or streamside vegetation; any damage and enrichment of this type should be strongly discouraged. Providing sites for campfire/barbeque remains trays to be placed can help tackle this. Another problem that often occurs at camp sites and other outdoor sites, is man’s laziness at using toilets for urination, preferring to use nearby vegetation. This leads to tall eutrophic7 vegetation occurring in repeatedly used sites; in turn making for more ‘weedy’ undesirable species to take over. An option is to have hay bales urinals placed at strategic points round the camping field; these can then be used as composting material once further broken down. Signage may be of use for both issues.
Summary:
Maintain a clear flowing stream, removing fallen debris. Remove some of the Water Hemlock-dropwort and other vegetation if it obstructs the water flow. Trim the marginal vegetation in patches on an annual basis.
Costs:
Occasional strimming work.
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TREES
Y Dolydd has several magnificent specimen trees scattered around the site, from the two Ash trees growing along river bank, the lone veteran oak in the meadow to the Ash tree bordering the car park.
Sympathetic management that promotes the optimum health of each tree whilst also maintaining public safety is paramount. Over aggressive pruning of any potential hazards can result in trees producing unbalanced growth that can be more of a hazard than originally. Advice from a qualified arboriculturist as to tree health and public safety should be sought.
Where possible deadwood (including standing trees in hedgerows, and dead limbs) should be left as they form exceptional wildlife habitats for invertebrates, birds and mammals. Any fallen wood beneath a tree (particularly in ‘natural areas’ such as the hedgerows and meadows) should be left to allow it to rot and form deadwood habitat piles.
Ivy has been removed from several trees, but it is not considered to be a problem to healthy trees, attempts to remove ivy from the Ash tree on the far side of the stream have in fact damaged it more than it being left would have done. Ivy provides a useful late season food source for invertebrates, as well as providing homes for bats to roost behind. If possible leave any remaining ivy on trees.
Avoid having vehicles parked directly under tree canopies and covering the root zone as the weight from this compacts the ground causing poor health and eventual death of trees. As a rule the root zone of a tree is the canopy plus half again.
In time several areas are going to lose their trees, these include the stand of Poplars in the East Garden, as well as the ornamental Cherries in the Men’s Courtyard. Poplars and Cherries are not long lived trees (30 to 50 years for Poplar and 15 to 30 years for Cherry) and provision needs to be made for their long term replacement.
A plan needs to be put in place to consider re-planting trees, an ideal candidate is the veteran oak in the meadow; planting a replacement in the thicket of Rosebay Willowherb now allows for it to start maturing before the old oak is lost.
When replacing trees give precedent to native species in the more natural areas, but ornamental species have their place in the ‘gardened’ areas of the site.
Summary:
Tree safety survey Replacement strategy for older trees
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GARDENS
Currently the most biologically diverse areas of Y Dolydd are its gardens and this is true of the UK as a whole; whilst good for Gardeners this says little for our ‘wild’ environments and how we manage them. Increasing the number and variety of plantings in all gardened areas and courtyards will only improve the diversity of invertebrates and the birds and animals that feed on them. Additions of raised-bed planters or similar in heavily tarmacked areas increase the diversity of these sites e.g. Women’s and Girls’ Courtyards.
Within ‘wild’ areas such as the Meadow and Hedgerows avoid planting out obviously non-native species e.g. the horticultural Rose planted near the hedgerow in the northwest.
Don’t worry about planting non-native ornamentals in your gardens, in fact we encourage it. As long as the plants have flowers which are simple (ideally not double flowered forms, although a few won’t harm) then native pollinators can access them. Non-native also have a longer flowering season compared to natives, so provide the food for longer.
Care should be taken to avoid planting any invasive non-native plant species (see Appendix 14: Plants listed on Schedule 9); whilst it is legal to plant these at Y Dolydd, they have the potential to hop the garden hedge and become a nuisance in the wider landscape e.g. Rhododendron.
Working with the local community/community groups to produce food, flowers and herbs for their use or use at Y Dolydd kitchens would enrich the site.
A project to re-invigorate the gardens in the Men’s Courtyard and East Garden would benefit the site as whole, with maintenance of the hard landscaping, removal of invasive species and replanting as appropriate.
There is an area of scrubby vegetation bordering the road in the East Garden and running along into a small area of the Front Garden. Scrubby areas are valuable habitats for small mammals, invertebrates and birds. It would be desirable to leave much of this area as scrub, although management will be needed to stop it encroaching further downhill into the garden. A minimal approach to management is all that is required with only occasional ‘tidying up’ as necessary to retain aesthetic appeal to the front of Y Dolydd.
Grass cuttings and meadow cuttings should be composted rather than dumped in hedgerows or ditches. Using the grass cuttings as mulches over the bases of shrubs (as has occurred elsewhere at Y Dolydd) is a pragmatic approach, increasing the number of compost bins and placing them strategically around the site means that they will be used.
Deadwood sites can be created in the gardens (and elsewhere on the site); these will encourage ground beetles and other invertebrates which can in turn will control garden pests. Other deadwood can be upright posts of untreated timber/tree trunks and drilled with holes will provide homes for many more invertebrates. Educational notices should inform users of the site of the importance of these features to prevent them being collected for fire wood.
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A ‘Bee hotel’ located on a south or south-easterly facing location (away from prevailing winds) would provide much needed habitats for pollinators and associated invertebrates.
Further avoidance of any unnecessary fertiliser (inorganic or organic), chemicals (herbicides, pesticides) and other contaminants (e.g. lime remnants from building rubble) will benefit the flora and fauna as well as users of Y Dolydd.
BUILDINGS
Any future work on the buildings should take into account the biodiversity around the site. Lots of birds use the site and blocking up gaps in the eaves has removed nesting potential from much of the Front Garden buildings and Women’s Courtyard. Allow gaps for access or incorporate nest bricks into any future building work. The outside wall of the Women’s courtyard facing the East Garden is wonderfully riddled with holes that Bumblebees, small mammals and birds can make use of; these should be preserved if at all possible.
Likewise bats make use of the site and any work should be undertaken with them fully in mind. Any work or changes to the structures and buildings at Y Dolydd should only be undertaken after a full bat survey of the property. This report is not sufficient evidence for any future building work.
Several ferns are only present on the masonry of Y Dolydd, these will have no impact on the structural integrity of the buildings and can and should be left. Species such as Buddleja, Willows and other coarse shrubby/weedy species can be removed as they do have the potential to damage brickwork.
INTERPRETATION BOARDS/SIGNAGE
There is real scope for educating the general public, event visitors and other users of Y Dolydd to the Flora and Fauna that is around them. Linking this with the wider landscape and how Y Dolydd is a pocket of biodiversity in an otherwise reduced diversity landscape is useful.
Given the restricted finances, permanent ‘ecological’ or ‘educational’ staff at Y Dolydd is not a realistic possibility, but the creation of self-led tours of the History and Natural History of Y Dolydd look like the way to go.
Some thoughts for self-led trails include creating a ‘Foraging Trail’ perhaps following the hedgerow and showing people what is available, what wildlife also uses them and their ecology. Trails showing the biodiversity present at Y Dolydd and its inter-relationship with the wider landscape. At each display board can be shown an example of how you can increase biodiversity in your own garden e.g. insect houses, compost bins etc. What you might find using them and how to create them. These can link into wildlife events further engaging the public and building relationships with Y Dolydd.
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An orienteering trail could be created to explore Y Dolydd’s history and ecology, with associated map and activities linked to the interpretation boards and displays.
Showing visitors best practice methods for encouraging biodiversity in their home gardens e.g. wildlife homes such as Bee Hotels, Pollinator stacks and dead wood piles can help to educate users to the inter-relationship between plants, insects and food. Capitalise on the presence of Swifts and discuss why they are present (roost site and invertebrate feeding ground), they will only stay around if we maintain the insect population in the greater area.
WILDLIFE RECORDING and PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
This report should not be seen as a final product and one off process. Wildlife recording should be a continual process, and despite a thorough survey done this year, more new species will be found on the site especially as habitats are created and restored. These need recording to help update and inform the site management plan. Further ecological surveys can assess the impacts any changes in management on the site are having.
Regular volunteer survey days linked with local groups and organisations can help to monitor for example the stream (repeatedly noting the numbers and types of invertebrates can be an effective early warning system to any change in the health of the stream). This sort of activity would be excellent for a nature group such as wildlife watch or local scout or school groups. Educationally it can be linked to the Wetland reserve in Llanfyllin.
Inviting local wildlife groups such as the Montgomeryshire Wildlife Trust, or Montgomeryshire Field Society to come and record on the site would also provide volunteer opportunities; with a high degree of reliability of recording. Other less reliable sources of records8, but useful engagement opportunities are with U3A groups, Women’s Institute, local Schools, home school groups and similar groups/organisations. The biggest cost in hosting these events is having a member of staff present, this is where the self-led trails can come into their own.
A regular Bioblitz (perhaps biennial) would allow public engagement as well as provide a focus for recording of a wide variety of species.
Use I-Record website to input records for Y Dolydd (and surrounding area) to encourage and showcase recording to the general public. A dedicated section of the I-Record website can be quickly created and can be used to collate all records. I-Record allows for easy verification of records by local and national experts to ensure data is of the standard required for site management plans, and feeding into local and national datasets. Ideally a repeat of this survey should be undertaken every 5 to 10 years.
8 By encouraging the use of I-Record verification procedures are already present, allowing for records to be checked and verified before they are released. 53
References
BEAN, W.J. 1970. Trees and Shrubs hardy in the British Isles Volume 1 A-C. 8th Edition. Butler and Tanner, London. BEBBINGTON, J. & LEWINGTON, R. 2007. Guide to the Identification of Hawkmoths of the British Isles. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury. BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 2015. Axiophytes. http://www.bsbi.org.uk/axiophytes.html Accessed August 2015. CHINERY, M. 2005. Collins Complete British Insects. Collins, London. DOBSON, M.; PAWLEY, S.; FLETCHER, M. & POWELL, A. 2012. Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates. Freshwater Biological Association, Cumbria. HAINSWORTH, J. 2004. The Llanfyllin Union Workhouse: A Short History. The Llanfyllin Dolydd Building Preservation Trust, Llanfyllin. HILL, D; FASHAM, M; TUCKER, G; SHEWRY, M; AND SHAW, G. 2005. Handbook of Biodiversity Methods. Cambridge University Press. HILL, M.O., PRESTON, C.D., AND ROY, D.B. 2004. ‘PLANTATT: Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, size, life history, geography and habitats’. Biological Records Centre, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. HUBBARD, C.E. 1992. 3rd Edition. Grasses: A guide to their Structure, Identification, Uses and Distribution in the British Isles. Penguin, London. LEWINGTON, R. 2006. Guide to Day Flying Moths of Britain. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury. MAMMALS TRUST. 2001. Mammals UK: An introduction to the Nation’s Wild Mammals. Mammals Trust UK, London. MAMMAL SOCIETY. 2015. Mini Mammal Monitoring – Low density live trapping Booklet. http://www.mammal.org.uk/sites/default/files/LowDensityLiveTrapping.pdf Accessed July 2015. NATURAL ENGLAND. 2014. Protected Plants. http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/regulation/wildlife/species/protectedplants.a spx Accessed January 2014. NOVÁK, I. 2000. Field Guide in Colour to Butterflies and Moths. Polygrafia, Prague. ORTON, R.; BEBBINGTON, A. AND BEBBINGTON, J. 1998. The Freshwater Name Trail: A Key to the Invertebrates of Ponds and Streams. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury. POLAND, J. 2009. The Vegetative Key to the British Flora. Private. RAGWORT FACTS. 2011. Ragwort Facts: Information on Ragwort in the UK from a scientific perspective. http://www.ragwortfacts.com/ragwort-myths.html Accessed October 2011. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 2009. Plant Finder 2009-2010. Dorling Kindersley, London. RICH T.C.G. & JERMY A.C. 1998 Plant Crib. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London. RODWELL, J.S. 1992. British Plant Communities 3: Grassland and Montane Communities. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. ROSE, F. AND O’REILLY, C. 2006. The Wild Flower Key. Warne, London. STACE, C. 1999. Field Flora of the British Isles. 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. STACE, C. 2010. New Flora of the British Isles. 3rd Ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. WARING, P. & TOWNSEND, M. 2009. Concise guide to Moths of Great Britain and Ireland. 54
Acknowledgments Thanks are due to Tree Marshall for procuring funding from Environment Wales, co-ordinating the Llanfyllin Workhouse Environmental programme as well as being a keen and active volunteer recorder.
To the Volunteers and Trustees of Y Dolydd including Stuart Gane, John Hainsworth, Debbie Hicks, and Ian Jones.
Thanks to all the volunteers for willingly turning out during a mixture of weathers and forecasts, as well as undertaking 'out of hours' surveying.
To Biodiversity Information Services and the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland for providing free access to historical data for Y Dolydd and the neighbouring areas.
Finally to Twig, who with her enthusiasm supported all of the volunteers in their recording work and occasionally brought in specimens for us to check.
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Appendix 1: Annotated Botanical species list
This is a list of botanical species recorded at Y Dolydd, with brief descriptions of their abundance and distribution on the site. Taxonomy follows Stace (2010). Nomenclature for cultivars follows RHS (2009). All plants native unless indicated otherwise (Hill, Preston and Roy, 2004. ! indicates a species or subspecies that is a Montgomeryshire Axiophyte BSBI (2015).
Aspleniaceae Pinaceae Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Black Picea sitchensis Sitka Spruce. Single Spleenwort. Growing by downspout in Men’s tree planted in north eastern corner of North Courtyard in company of Asplenium ruta- Garden. Introduced. Rare. muraria. Cupressaceae Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall Rue. Chamaecyparis Cv. A Cypress. A group Growing on walls of Y Dolydd, including in South Garden (SJ1518), made up of several Women’s Courtyard (large colony on walls by species/cultivars. Introduced. Rare. entrance), Men’s Courtyard (outhouse and by downspout near to Men’s toilets SJ150186); Juniperus communis Cv. A Juniper. An also large population in East Garden on ornamental species planted in raised bed external wall of Women’s Courtyard near near archway between North and East water tank (SJ15071865). Patches on front of Garden. Not identified to species/cultivar. Y Dolydd with Asplenium trichomanes ssp. Introduced. Rare. quadrivalens. Occasional. Papaveraceae (incl. Fumariaceae). Asplenium trichomanes ssp. Meconopsis cambrica Welsh Poppy. quadrivalens Maidenhair Spleenwort. Patch Common in East Garden, naturalised around with Asplenium ruta-muraria growing in buildings. Rare. Introduced. Boys’ Courtyard inside building (heritage block) that is being renovated – collapsed Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy. roof has allowed a few weeds to colonise As an ornamental that has naturalised in interior walls. A large patch grows on the Girls’ Courtyard and North Garden. west face of Y Dolydd near the bunkhouse, in Introduced. Rare. part as a result of a leaky downspout. Rare. Ranunculaceae Woodsiaceae Aquilegia vulgaris Columbine. Plants Athyrium filix-femina Lady-fern. naturalised in the Boys’ Courtyard and Men’s Small colony in the North Garden. Courtyard.
Dryopteris filix-mas ss. Male-fern. Ficaria (Ranunculus) verna Lesser Celandine. The subspecies fertilis (Syn. ssp. Dryopteridaceae ficaria) was present in the Meadow (SJ1518), Dryopteris filix-mas ss. Male-fern. Front, North and East Gardens. Partially as a Rare growing in ditch of North Garden and weed of cultivation. Also present was the along road bank in East Garden. tuber bearing subspecies verna (Syn. ssp. bulbifer) which was dominating parts of the Front Garden and Boys’ Courtyard. This ssp. can become a problematic species in garden
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situations re-growing from fragments of Trifolium pratense Red Clover. Rare in tubers that it produces in copious quantities. the meadow (SJ1418/SJ1518) and in It is also less floriferous than ssp. fertilis. gravel/lawn of Men’s Courtyard. Plants were present in the Meadow (SJ1418) but were not determined to subspecies. Trifolium repens White Clover. Extremely widespread and present in Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup. quantity in most compartments, especially in Only present in the Meadow (SJ1418, the Meadow. SJ1518). Ulex europaeus Gorse. Two small Ranunculus repens Creeping plants growing by telegraph pole in Car Park Buttercup. Widespread throughout. (SJ1418).
Grossulariaceae Vicia sepium Bush Vetch. A few plants Ribes rubrum Red Currant. Planted in growing along fence line of Front Garden. ‘Forest Garden’ area of East Garden with other ornamental/fruit species. Rosaceae Alchemilla mollis Soft Lady’s-mantle. Ribes uva-crispa Gooseberry. With Planted and naturalised in Boys’, Men’s and Red Currant in ‘Forest Garden’. Women’s Courtyard.
Saxifragaceae Amelanchier lamarckii Juneberry. Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Planted in ‘Forest Garden’ of East Garden. Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage. Common along sides of streams in Meadow. Cotoneaster sp. A Cotoneaster. An unidentified cotoneaster was found in the Fabaceae East Garden, of horticultural origin. Introduced (Schedule 9). Cytisus scoparius Broom. A single cultivated plant in the Men’s courtyard. Cotoneaster microphyllus Small leaved Cotoneaster. A single plant growing in Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling. the Girls’ Courtyard. Introduced (Schedule 9). Growing in tall vegetation near ditch in Front Garden with Galium album. Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn. As a tree (in a state of dilapidation) in the Lotus corniculatus Common Bird’s- Meadow (SJ1518) by the metal fence to the foot-trefoil. A few plants growing in the south. Occasional in hedgerows along the gravel of the car park. northern boundary. Also present in North and East Garden. Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil. Only recorded from gravel part of car park. Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet. Growing in ditch near road in Front Garden, Trifolium medium Zigzag Clover. also along stream side in Meadow (SJ1518). A couple of plant scattered throughout Meadow (SJ1418), part of Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry. Rare original seed mix? to occasional growing in the Front Garden and Boys’ Courtyard.
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Geum urbanum Wood Avens. Rosa arvensis. Field Rose. A single Common, in all compartments. plant by the bridge in the North Garden. Rare. Malus pumila Apple. Three mature apple trees in East Garden Rosa canina agg. Dog Rose. Occasional in northern hedge of Meadows Malus sylvestris Crab Apple. Single (SJ1418, SJ1518). Also in Women’s Courtyard, sapling in newly planted trees along metal fence East Garden and in Car Park. in Meadow (SJ1518). Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble. Malus Cv. Ornamental Crab Apple. A Present in all compartments except Girls’ single tree with red foliage and pink fruit growing in lawn of Front garden. Courtyard.
Potentilla reptans Creeping Rubus idaeus Raspberry. Planted in Cinquefoil. Occasional in the Meadow East Garden and naturalising on south bank (SJ1418) and as a weed in the Men’s near ‘Forest Garden’. Courtyard. Sorbus aucuparia Rowan. Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry. Rare, just the one tree in the East Garden, Only found in the Front garden in lawn and near the mound. long grass. Rare Ulmaceae Prunus avium Wild Cherry. Planted in Ulmus glabra Wych Elm. Growing in Men’s Courtyard. Rare. hedgerow to north of Meadow, an immature tree at SJ15121877. Also a tall tree near the Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum. Grown stable block in car park. in East Garden. Rare. Cannabaceae Prunus domestica Wild Plum. Humulus lupulus Hop. Present in Occasional in hedgerow to north of Meadow Front Garden on tall fence line vegetation. (SJ1418) and hedge of North Garden. Also rare in hedgerow of Meadow (SJ1518).
Prunus spinosa Blackthorn. Common Urticaceae in hedgerow bordering the north of Y Dolydd, Urtica dioica Common Nettle. also East Garden hedgerow. Rare in grassland, although prominent along
the boundary between meadow and stream. Prunus sp. A Plum. A large weeping Present in every compartment; often with tree of an unidentified species or cultivar was Peacock Butterfly caterpillars feeding on present in the central flower beds of the them. Men’s Courtyard. Another species/cultivar was planted nearby. Fagaceae Pyrus communis Pear. A single mature Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut. pear tree growing in East Garden near A single tree, planted near the stream in boundary hedge. Meadow (SJ1518), less than 10 years old. Rare.
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Fagus sylvatica Beech. Planted eastern corner of the site, and three more around site, a hedge of Beech can be seen planted nearby on the southern boundary of along the western side of Y Dolydd. Also the East Garden (SJ15061862) present in the northern garden as a hedge and mature tree. A couple of young saplings can be found along the metal fence line in Salix caprea Goat Willow. Several the Meadow (SJ1518). large trees (and stumps) in North Garden, a couple of trees in East Garden. Quercus ilex Holm Oak. Group of small trees planted near playing area. Single Salix cinerea Grey Willow. The small shrub/tree in hedge planted by gate in commonest Willow, growing in Front and metal fence of Meadow (SJ15111870). Rare. East Garden, also in Boys’ Courtyard. A couple of trees along the stream side in the Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak. Meadow. Present around Y Dolydd as mature trees and more recent plantings. Trees have been Salix sp. A willow planted in a dense planted in the Men’s and Women’s woven hedge bordering the south of the courtyard, as well as in the North and East Meadow and North Garden. Garden (approximately 15-20 years old). Grand veteran tree found in centre of Salix sp. Willow. Several other willow Meadow (SJ1518) with deadwood and cracks. species have been recorded from the site Rare in hedgerows. which may include Salix aurita, S. ‘fragilis’, S. xrubens f. basfordiana, S.xrubra, and S. Betulaceae viminalis but the records for these have not Alnus glutinosa Alder. Growing along been verified. the streamside, Meadow (SJ1518), including some sizeable trees and immature trees. Violaceae Viola riviniana Common Dog-violet. Betula pendula Silver Birch. Single Occasional in hedgerows bordering Meadow tree planted near mound in East Garden; also (SJ1518), and under hedges and in flower in Men’s Courtyard. beds of East Garden.
Betula utilis ssp. jacquemontii A Birch. Euphorbiaceae Several trees which are of horticultural origin Euphorbia amygdaloides ssp. robbiae with strong white stems have been planted in Robb’s Wood Spurge. Planted and the Meadow (SJ1518), five in a line leading naturalised in the Boys’ Courtyard and Front north to the stream and a further individual Garden. Introduced. by the stream (SJ15061877). Introduced. Rare. Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge. Planted and naturalising in Front Garden. Corylus avellana Hazel. Common in hedges in Meadow; also North and East Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge. The Garden hedges and as a shrub in Front commonest Euphorbia present, growing Garden. predominantly on man-made area including Women’s and Men’s Courtyard. Populus ‘Balsam Spire’ Hybrid Poplar. A large stand of 17 mature trees in the south-
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Mercurialis perennis Dog’s Mercury. Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Extremely common in all hedgerows around Willowherb. Men’s and Women’s Courtyard, Y Dolydd. Car Park and Meadow (SJ1518).
Hypericaceae (Clusiaceae) Epilobium palustre. Marsh Hypericum tetrapterum Square- Willowherb. Stream side vegetation. Rare. stalked St. John’s-wort. Growing in taller verge near fence line in Front Garden. Epilobium parviflorum Hoary Willowherb. In Car Park and along front of Y Hypericum xdesetangsii. Des Etangs’ Dolydd, and Men’s Courtyard. St. John’s-wort. Occasional in longer verges near hedgerow in Meadows and by Epilobium tetragonum Square-stalked streamside. Willowherb. In Front Garden, Boys’ Courtyard and Car Park with other Willowherbs. Geraniacaceae Geranium lucidum Shining Crane's- Sapindaceae (incl. Aceraceae). bill. Only found with Tussilago farfara by Acer campestre Field Maple. A large front of Y Dolydd near entrance to Boys’ tree found under Ash tree by side of stream Courtyard. in Meadow (SJ15131876). Otherwise occasional in hedgerow in North and East Geranium pyrenaicum Hedge Crane’s- Gardens. bill. Patches naturalised in Men’s Courtyard and East Garden. Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore. Planted and naturalised throughout, often Geranium robertianum Herb- forming large trees as in North and East Robert. Widespread throughout site, in Garden. gardened areas, courtyards but rarely in hedgerows of Meadows. Malvaceae Tilia sp. A Lime. A single stump that Onagraceae had been coppiced/felled recently. Leaves Chamerion angustifolium Rosebay produced are not representative of the adult Willowherb. A large patch dominated near to foliage making identification unreliable. x the old Oak tree in the Meadow (SJ1518), Possibly just T. europaea Lime. also present in lesser quantities in North Garden and Car Park. Brassicaceae Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard. Circaea lutetiana Enchanter’s Common in North and East Garden, as well as Nightshade. A weed growing in flower beds Car Park and Boys’ Courtyard. Food plant for of Boys’ Courtyard, North and East Garden caterpillars of Orange-tip Butterfly. and occasionally in hedgerows in Meadow. Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd’s- Epilobium hirsutum Great purse. Occasional as weed in disturbed areas, Willowherb. Similar habitats to Chamerion including Girls’ and Women’s Courtyard and angustifolium, but never dominating. Front Garden. Probably elsewhere.
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Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter- Rumex crispus Curled Dock. Rare, in cress. Growing in damp ground by sides of Meadows (SJ1418, SJ1518), and Car Park. stream (SJ1518). Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress. Dock. Widespread throughout, both in Less discerning in habitats than C. flexuosa, natural and man-made areas. and common throughout. Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock. Cardamine pratensis Cuckooflower. Infrequent, in Front, East and North Gardens, Present in Meadow (SJ1518) and in lawn of as well as Car Park and Meadow (SJ1518). Front Garden. Carophyllaceae Erophila verna ss. Common Whitlow- Cerastium fontanum Common grass. Rare round the rough ground of the Mouse-ear. Frequent throughout. Girls’ and Women’s Courtyard and by front wall of Y Dolydd near Car Park. Cerastium semidecandrum Sticky Mouse-ear. Rare in Meadow (SJ149187). Lunaria annua Honesty. Naturalised in North Garden, present in Men’s Courtyard as Sagina procumbens ss. Procumbent garden plant. Pearlwort. Recorded as a weed in Women’s and Men’s Courtyard. Probably more Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard. widespread. Rare as a weed in Vegetable Plots of East Garden. Silene dioica Red Campion. Found only by stream in Meadows (SJ1518). Polygonaceae Persicaria hydropiper Water Pepper. Stellaria media Common Chickweed. Rare along the side of the stream in the Widespread throughout site, occasionally Meadow (SJ15131876). common in flowerbeds or newly disturbed areas. Persicaria maculosa Redshank. Large patches in the Car Park near soil Amaranthaceae (incl. Chenopodiaceae) mound/barrier. Atriplex patula Common Orache. Occasional in Car Park, especially near new Polygonum arenastrum ss. Equal- soil mound. leaved Knotgrass. Only a few plants found in Car Park with P. aviculare ss. Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis ssp. arvensis Scarlet Polygonum aviculare ss. Knotgrass. Pimpernel. Rare, only recorded from near More common than P. arenastrum but still metal stairs in Girls’ Courtyard. only found in Car park. Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel. Growing by stream bank in Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel. Meadow (SJ15091876). Occasional in Meadows, also in Front Garden lawn and long grass.
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Lysimachia nummularia Creeping Pentaglottis sempervirens Green Jenny. In East Garden as naturalised garden Alkanet. Commonly naturalised in Men’s plant. Courtyard garden and East Garden.
Lysimachia punctate Dotted Symphytum xuplandicum Russian Loosestrife. Planted and naturalised in Boys’, Comfrey. Occasional plants, rare in Meadow Girls’ and Men’s Courtyard and East and near metal fence and bridge into North North Gardens. Garden. Also in North and East Garden.
Primula veris Cowslip. Planted in Convolvulaceae Men’s Courtyard. Calystegia pulchra Hairy Bindweed. Recorded in East Garden hedgerow, near Primula vulgaris Primrose. A mixture Pear tree and vegetable plots. of planted and naturalised plants scattered throughout including Car Park, Men’s and Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed. Boys’ Courtyard, Front, East and North All records for non-flowering plants of Gardens. Calystegia recorded as this species. Widespread but never dominating in hedges Rubiaceae in the East Garden, Car park and Boys’ Galium album (G. mollugo) Hedge Courtyard. Bedstraw. Naturalised in beds by side of Y Dolydd in Front Garden, also in verge Oleaceae vegetation. Fraxinus excelsior Ash. Present as mature trees in Car Park, hedgerow of Galium aparine Cleavers. Common Meadows, North and East Gardens. Also as throughout site, except Women’s Courtyard. seedlings in Meadow.
Galium palustre Marsh Bedstraw. In Veronicaceae vegetation by side of stream, Meadow Antirrhinum major Snapdragon. (SJ15131876). Naturalised in East Garden.
Boraginaceae Digitalis purpurea Foxglove. Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me- Occasional to rare. Boys’, Men’s and not. Only found in disturbed and cultivated Women’s Courtyards, North and East areas of the Car Park and East Garden. Garden, also in tall vegetation by streamside in Meadow. ! Myosotis discolour Changing Forget- me-not. Only found in one location in the Car Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax. Park near to the old stables (SJ14941871), As a naturalised ornamental in Men’s and needing the open recently cleared vegetation Girls’ Courtyard. of the gravel area to survive. Veronica beccabunga Brooklime. Myosotis sylvatica Wood Forget-me- Restricted to stream (SJ1518). not. The commonest Forget-me-not species found in the Car Park, Front, North and East Veronica chamaedrys Germander Gardens, and Women’s and Men’s Speedwell. Common, in Boys’ and Men’s Courtyards. Often a weed in flowerbeds.
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Courtyards, East and Front Garden. Usually in Lamiaceae lawns or flower beds. Ajuga reptans Bugle. Growing in lawn of Front Garden and Boys’ Courtyard. Also Veronica hederifolia Ivy-leaved present in garden beds and lawn of Men’s Speedwell. Found in its usual haunts of Courtyard. disturbed ground in Boys’ and Girls’ Courtyards, North and East Gardens. Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy. Only commonly present in Meadows, mainly Veronica montana Wood Speedwell. restricted to longer vegetation by hedgerows Only found along streamside vegetation but occasionally in main grassland. Rare under hedgerows and near both camera trap elsewhere. sites. Melissa officinalis Balm. As a herb and Veronica persica Common Field- weed in the North Garden. Speedwell. Present in East Garden as a weed in vegetable plots. Mentha aquatica Water Mint. Present along the banks of the stream in the Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Meadow. Speedwell. Common in Car Park, North and East Garden and Men’s Courtyard. In gravelly Mentha xpiperita Peppermint. A single areas, lawns and bare patches of ground. clump/patch near the banks of the stream in the Meadow with Water Mint. Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain. Prunella vulgaris Selfheal. Occasional Common and widespread, all compartments. in lawn of Front and North Gardens.
Plantago major Greater Plantain. As Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort. Plantago lanceolata. In hedgerows and verge habitats of Meadows as well as Front and East Gardens. Scrophulariaceae Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush. Orobanchaceae Several large bushes in Front Garden. ! Rhinanthus minor Yellow Rattle. Introduced. Three plants found in Meadow (SJ15101872), probably introduced in the past. Buddleja xweyeriana Weyer’s Butterfly-bush. An ornamental species Aquifoliaceae planted in Front Garden near side entrance Ilex aquifolium Holly. Present in to Men’s Courtyard. hedgerows north of the Meadow and North and East Garden. Scrophularia nodosa Common Figwort. Occasional in Front Garden near Asteraceae ditch, North Garden and Boys’ Courtyard. Achillea millefolium Yarrow. Also in Meadow in grassland and tall Only recorded from Front Garden, but vegetation near stream. present elsewhere.
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Bellis perennis Daisy. Found Senecio vulgaris Groundsel. In throughout site, common in Boys’ Courtyard disturbed ground of Car Park, Front Garden lawn. and Girls’ Courtyard. Visited by Goldfinches for seeds. Calendula officinalis English Marigold. Occurring as a weed in vegetable plots of Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle. East Garden. Naturalised elsewhere. Occasional in Car Park, Girls’ Courtyard and North Garden, very rare in Meadow (SJ1518). Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed. Only present in tall vegetation by ditch and Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow- fence line in Front Garden. thistle. Similar sites to S. asper, also in Men’s Courtyard. Cichorium intybus Chicory. Plants naturalising from a past sowing in the North Tanacetum vulgare Tansy. Planted Garden near northern hedgerow. and naturalised in North Garden and Girls’ Courtyard. Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle. Widespread but only ever occasional, ,mainly Taraxacum officinale agg. A restricted to Front and North Garden and Dandelion. All records in current survey Women’s Courtyard. made at the aggregate level. Widespread in all compartments. Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle. Similar distribution to C. arvense, as well as more Tussilago farfara Colt’s-foot. A single common in Car Park. colony just before the front entrance to Boys’ Courtyard. Lapsana communis Nipplewort. Occasional as a casual weed in disturbed Caprifoliaceae ground and flower beds in North and East Leycesteria formosa Himalayan Gardens, Car Park and Girls’ Courtyard. Honeysuckle. Naturalised in Front Garden.
Matricaria discoidea Pineapple Weed. Lonicera japonica Japanese In all the usual haunts, bare patches of earth Honeysuckle. Planted in Front Garden. under trees, gateways and scuffed turf; occasional as weed in lawns and gardens. Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle. Rare, growing in hedge in Meadow (SJ1418). Scorzoneroides (Leontodon) autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit. Only found in Lonicera xpurpusii Winter Boys’ Courtyard in lawn. Honeysuckle. A couple of plants planted in the ‘Forest Garden’ of the East Garden. Senecio jacobaea Ragwort. Rare, only recorded a few individual plants on whole Sambucus nigra Elder. Common site, in Front and North Gardens and Boys’ throughout, both as small trees and in Courtyard. hedgerows.
Senecio viscosus Sticky Groundsel. Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry. Two plants, one growing in flowerbed and Only present in North Garden in hedgerow. another by stairs of Girls’ Courtyard.
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Viburnum opulus Guelder Rose. Alliaceae (incl. Amaryllidaceae). Planted in Boys’ Courtyard. Introduced (not Narcissus Cv. Daffodil. Present in native to Montgomeryshire; but native to longer grass at front of Front Garden. southern Britain). Asparagaceae Araliaceae Muscaria neglectum Grape-hyacinth. Hedera helix Ivy. Occasional Naturalised in East Garden. throughout, often in trees and on buildings (although most of this has been cut at base). Iridaceae Crocus sp. A Crocus. An unidentified Apiaceae Crocus was found in the North Garden. Aegopodium podagraria Ground- Introduced. elder. Found in tall fence line vegetation of Front and East Gardens (also present in Iris foetidissima Stinking Iris. A couple mound of East Garden). Present also in Boys’ of plants in the Front Garden. and Women’s Courtyards.
Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica. Amaryllidaceae Conspicuous in hedgerow, tall vegetation in Narcissus sp. A Daffodil. Occasionally Meadows (SJ1418, SJ1518) and by stream. planted in Garden areas.
Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley. Asparagaceae (incl. Hyacinthaceae). Growing in Car Park, Front and East Gardens. Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell. Occasional. Found in two locations, a couple of small patches amongst Ground Elder in Front Daucus carota Carrot. Not identified Garden near ditch (SJ14991864). A recently to subspecies. A single plant growing next to planted area as part of flower bed in North entrance to Meadow (SJ150187), near Garden. dustbins. Origin unknown but probably from remains of vegetable trimmings or whole Juncaceae carrot. Juncus conglomeratus Compact Rush. Only found rarely in Meadows. Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed. Occasional throughout, common in Meadow Juncus effusus Soft Rush. Occasional including Men’s and Boys’ Courtyards. in Meadows especially near stream, and East Garden. All plants checked were var. effusus. Oenanthe crocata Hemlock Water- dropwort. Growing in wet areas alongside Cyperaceae the stream and in East Garden ditch. Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge. As a garden escape in flower beds in the Women’s Araceae Courtyard and North Garden. Arum maculatum Lords and ladies. Growing in Front, East and North Gardens, Carex remota Remote Sedge. Growing also Girls’ Courtyard. along the sides of the stream in the Meadow (SJ1518).
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Poaceae Courtyard, Front Garden (lawn) and Meadow Agrostis capillaris Common Bent. (SJ1518). Common throughout including Meadows, Front Garden and Car park. Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass. Growing along and in stream in Meadow Agrostis gigantea Black Bent. Growing (SJ1518). by Caravan and old Stable block in Meadow (SJ1418). Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog. Common in the Meadows and often Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent. dominating. Also in Front Garden, Car Park, Occasional in meadows and by stream side. Boys’ and Men’s Courtyard.
Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail. Hordeum vulgare Barley. A couple of Common in Meadows, occasional in Car park. plants growing in Meadow near entrance to archway and North Garden. Accidental seed Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome. spill or bird seed? Rare in Meadow (SJ1518). Lolium multiflorum Italian Rye-grass. Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Common in Meadow (SJ1418, SJ1518). From Vernal-grass. Only present in Meadow seed-mix applied to meadow in past. (SJ1518). Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass. Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat- Widespread and the dominant grass in the grass. Occasional, in tall vegetation near road meadows and lawns throughout. Present in in Front Garden; common in unmown verges the Car Park, Front and North Gardens, of Meadows, Boys’ courtyard and Car Park. Men’s, Women’s and Boys’ Courtyard.
Bromus hordaceus Soft-brome. Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary- Common occasionally dominating in grass. Growing alongside stream in Meadow Meadows. A few plants in Girls’ courtyard. (SJ1518). Occasional.
Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog’s-tail. Phleum pratense ss. Timothy. Only found rarely in Meadow (SJ1518). Occasional in Meadow, rarely found elsewhere in cut lawns. Dactylis glomerata Cock’s-foot. One of the commonest grasses throughout Y Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass. Dolydd. Never dominating the sward. Occasional, but fairly ubiquitous throughout Y Dolydd. Elytrigia repens Common Couch. Occasional in unmown verges of Meadow, Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass. A small patch in Boys’ courtyard in flower bed. common species present in Meadows Widespread as a horticultural pest in Men’s (SJ1418, SJ1518), Car Park, Men’s Courtyard Courtyard. and Front Garden.
Festuca rubra agg. Red Fescue. Schedonorus (Festuca) pratensis Widespread in many of the compartments at Meadow Fescue. Common in meadow, Y Dolydd including Women’s and Men’s occasional patches in Men’s and Women’s
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Courtyard. Particularly prominent alongside recently planted Birch trees in meadow.
Triticum aestivum Common Wheat. A couple of plants growing in Girls’ Courtyard near metal stairs. Presumably from spilled seed or bird food.
Vulpia myuros Rat’s-tail Fescue. Several patches growing in rough ground in car park.
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Appendix 2: Location of Camera Trap sites, Stream sampling point and Moth trap site.
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Appendix 3: Location of Small Mammal Traps (red) and location of traps with mammals present (black circles).
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Appendix 4: Location of Nests and nesting sites around main building of Y Dolydd.
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Appendix 5: Quadrat data from NVC Meadow survey.
Quadrat Number Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Agrostis capillaris - - 20 - - 20 - - 80 60 - - - 20 10 - 5 Agrostis stolonifera ------10 - - Alopecurus pratensis - 10 - - 25 - 15 - - - 5 60 - 15 - - - Anisanthera sterilis ------2 ------Anthoxanthum odoratum - - 30 5 - - - 10 - - - - - 2 - - 1 Arrhenatherum elatius ------5 - - - - - Bromus hordaceus 60 - - - 20 10 10 10 1 - 30 - - - 2 10 5 Cardamine pratensis ------1 - - - 5 - - - - - Cerastium fontanum - 2 5 - - - 5 1 - - - - - 10 10 2 - Crataegus monogyna (seedling) ------1 Cynosurus cristatus ------2 Dactylis glomerata 10 - 60 70 25 5 - 20 20 20 - - - - - 1 - Festuca rubra ------30 - - - 25 30 45 10 - - Fraxinus excelsior (seedling) ------1 - 1 - - 1 Heracleum sphondylium ------1 Holcus lanatus 80 80 10 50 60 5 70 70 - - 65 20 5 70 50 2 5 Juncus conglomeratus ------2 - - - - Lolium multiflorum - 5 - - - 20 - - 5 10 - - 10 - - 15 - Lolium perenne - 60 60 70 70 20 50 50 60 80 40 15 70 3 50 50 70 Phleum pratense - - - 20 ------60 - - 20 - Plantago major ------1 - Poa trivialis 20 40 40 - 60 10 20 - 10 5 40 10 60 - 20 20 25 Ranunculus acris 1 - - - 10 - - 2 - 10 - - 10 - - 1 - Ranunculus repens 5 20 20 - - 5 60 30 20 - 70 20 5 10 70 - - Rhinanthus minor ------1 Rumex acetosa - - 10 ------5 5 - - Rumex crispus - 5 - - - 1 - - - - 1 ------Rumex obtusifolius ------1 - Schedonorus pratensis - - - - 10 80 ------Sonchus asper ------1 ------Stellaria media ------2 - - - Taraxacum agg. ------1 - - - - - 1 2 2 - Trifolium pratense ------20 - - - - Trifolium repens ------10 - - 12 10 Urtica dioica ------5 - - - - - No of species per quadrat 6 8 9 5 8 10 8 12 7 6 7 10 11 12 11 13 12
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Appendix 6: Records from Tree and Hedgerow Survey.
Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Single stemmed trees, Ash Fraxinus excelsior Front Hedgerow, Car Park, Y SJ14971866 J. Preece M. Duffell 3 trees 1 approximately 6m tall. Dolydd Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna SJ149186 J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Front Hedgerow, Car Park, Y 2 Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna SJ14961867 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Small tree, 3m. Dolydd Outside grounds of Car Large tree immediately outside 3 Ash Fraxinus excelsior SJ149186 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Park, Y Dolydd site but overhanging car park Several trees in hedgerow Side Hedgerow, Car Park, Y 4 Wych Elm Ulmus glabra SJ14941872 J. Preece M. Duffell Several trees between 6 and 8 m, forming a Dolydd hedge with Hawthorn M. Recently planted trees forming 5 A willow Salix x rubens * Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ14951874 Awaiting Several trees Duffell confirmation* a new hedge near Stables 6 Hazel Corylus avellana Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ149187 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Single large tree 5m. Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Holly Ilex aquifolium Blackthorn Prunus spinosa 7 Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ149187 J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Mixed hedgerow (15m length) Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Elder Sambucus nigra 8 Hazel Corylus avellana Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ14951876 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree 5m tall.
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Holly Ilex aquifolium Holly Ilex aquifolium Between 9 Damson Prunus domestica Meadow, Y Dolydd YD08 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Mixed hedgerow Blackthorn Prunus spinosa YD10 Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Wych Elm Ulmus glabra Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Meadow, Y Dolydd J. Preece M. Duffell 10 Salix x rubens f. SJ14981877 M. 2 trees A willow Meadow, Y Dolydd Awaiting basfordiana? * Duffell confirmation* Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Holly Ilex aquifolium Between 11 Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Meadow, Y Dolydd YD10 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Mixed hedgerow Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. YD12 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Elder Sambucus nigra 12 Ash Fraxinus excelsior Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ14981877 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Multi-stemmed tree, 10m tall. 13 Wych Elm Ulmus glabra Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15011877 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Multi-stemmed tree, 6m tall. Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Ash Fraxinus excelsior Ivy Hedera helix Between 14 Meadow, Y Dolydd YD13 and J. Preece M. Duffell Mixed hedgerow Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. YD15 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Elder Sambucus nigra
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Several trees in hedgerow 15 Ash Fraxinus excelsior Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15021877 J. Preece M. Duffell Several trees between 6 and 7 m. Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between 16 Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Meadow, Y Dolydd YD15 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Mixed hedgerow Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. YD17 Elder Sambucus nigra A birch Betula utilis sl. 1 tree Sweet 17 Castanea sativa Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15061878 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Planted recently (<5 years old) Chestnut A willow Salix sp. 1 tree 18 Ash Fraxinus excelsior Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15061877 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Large single tree, 10m.
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna
Ash Fraxinus excelsior Between 19 Hop Humulus lupulus Meadow, Y Dolydd YD18 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Holly Ilex aquifolium YD20 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Elder Sambucus nigra 20 Alder Alnus glutinosa Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15071877 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree A willow Salix sp. 1 tree 21 Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15071877 J. Preece M. Duffell Wych Elm Ulmus glabra 1 tree
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between 22 Ash Fraxinus excelsior Meadow, Y Dolydd YD21 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow 2.5m tall Holly Ilex aquifolium YD23 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Ash Fraxinus excelsior 1 large tree Mature specimen 12m+ J. Preece M. Duffell Grey Willow Salix cinerea 23 Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15091876 M. A willow Salix x rubra * Awaiting 1 tree Duffell confirmation* Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Ash Fraxinus excelsior Between 24 Meadow, Y Dolydd YD23 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Holly Ilex aquifolium YD25 Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. Alder Alnus glutinosa 1 tree Double stemmed tree 25 Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15111877 J. Preece M. Duffell Wych Elm Ulmus glabra
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna
Ash Fraxinus excelsior Holly Ilex aquifolium Between 26 Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Meadow, Y Dolydd YD25 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Dog Rose Rosa canina sl. YD27 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. A willow Salix sp. Wych Elm Ulmus glabra Field Maple Acer campestre 1 tree Far bank of stream 27 Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15131876 J. Preece M. Duffell Ash Fraxinus excelsior 1 tree Mature specimen 12m+
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type
Hazel Corylus avellana
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between 28 Meadow, Y Dolydd YD27 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Ash Fraxinus excelsior YD29 Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Alder Alnus glutinosa 29 Holly Ilex aquifolium Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15171876 J. Preece M. Duffell Grey Willow Salix cinerea Salix aurita/S. M. 40 Eared Willow Boys’ Courtyard, Y Dolydd SJ15021867 Awaiting caprea* Duffell confirmation* Ash Fraxinus excelsior North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15031871 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Hazel Corylus avellana North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15031871 J. Preece M. Duffell Naturalised in hedgerow 41 Beech Fagus sylvatica North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15031871 J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Planted hedge Elder Sambucus nigra North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15031871 J. Preece M. Duffell Naturalised in hedgerow 42 Beech Fagus sylvatica North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15041871 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Planted Coppiced/trimmed back to 1 43 Lime Tilia sp. North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ1501871 J. Preece M. Duffell stump. Leaves not stump/shrub representative of plant M. 1 Large tree, trimmed back to Goat Willow Salix caprea - 44 North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061871 Duffell stump/shrub stump. Beech Fagus sylvatica J. Preece M. Duffell 2 trees Goat Willow Salix caprea form 1 * M. 1 tree West side of archway 45 North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061871 Awaiting Goat Willow Salix caprea form 2 * Duffell confirmation* 1 tree East side of archway 46 Sitka Spruce Picea sitchensis North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091871 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree NE corner of garden Large tree in NE corner of 47 Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091871 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree garden
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between 48 Damson Prunus domestica North Garden, Y Dolydd YD47 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Field Rose Rosa arvensis ss. bridge Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus Field Maple Acer campestre Hazel Corylus avellana Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between Ash Fraxinus excelsior bridge and 49 Ivy Hedera helix North Garden, Y Dolydd archway to J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Holly Ilex aquifolium East Garden Pedunculate Quercus robur Oak Elder Sambucus nigra Pedunculate 3 individual free standing trees 50 Quercus robur North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ1518 J. Preece M. Duffell 3 trees Oak near outdoor oven 51 Goat Willow Salix caprea North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15071869 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Large free standing tree Pedunculate 52 Quercus robur North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ1518 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Large free standing tree Oak 53 A willow Salix sp. North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061870 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Large free standing tree Pedunculate 54 Quercus robur North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081875 J. Preece M. Duffell Oak Elder Sambucus nigra Immature tree in metal fence 55 Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15171873 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree line 56 Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15141872 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Large tree in metal fence line 57 Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15131871 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Tall tree in metal fence line
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type M. A willow Salix 'fragilis'* Awaiting Duffell confirmation* Ash Fraxinus excelsior Between Crab-apple Malus sylvestris Recently planted trees along 57a Meadow, Y Dolydd YD57 and Hedgerow Blackthorn Prunus spinosa metal fence line (whole length) YD58 J. Preece M. Duffell Elder Sambucus nigra Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Beech Fagus sylvatica 58 Evergreen Oak Quercus ilex Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15111870 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 small tree Small tree planted in hedgerow 59 A willow Salix sp. Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15111870 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 small tree Small tree planted in hedgerow M. 60 A willow Salix viminalis Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15111870 - 1 small tree Small tree planted in hedgerow Duffell Prostrate form of Juniper Juniperus communis 61 A Juniperus North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ1518 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 small tree growing in ornamental bed CV. near archway to East Garden Pedunculate 62 Quercus robur North Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091868 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Growing in hedge line Oak 63 Ash Fraxinus excelsior East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15101868 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 large tree Growing in hedge line
Hazel Corylus avellana
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Between 63a East Garden, Y Dolydd YD63 and J. Preece M. Duffell Hedgerow Ash Fraxinus excelsior YD64 Blackberry Rubus fruticosus agg. Elder Sambucus nigra Pedunculate 64 Quercus robur East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15101867 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Oak 65 Apple Malus pumila East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15101866 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree 1 mature apple tree
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Common Grid No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Number / Type Comments Name Reference Pedunculate 66 Quercus robur East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15101865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Oak Pear Pyrus communis 1 mature tree 67 East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15111865 J. Preece M. Duffell Elder Sambucus nigra 1 tree Growing round base of Pear 68 Goat Willow Salix caprea East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15111865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Ash Fraxinus excelsior 1 tree 69 Pedunculate East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15111864 J. Preece M. Duffell Quercus robur 1 tree Oak Populus 'Balsam 17 individual 70 A Poplar East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15121863 J. Preece M. Duffell SE corner of garden Spire' trees Individual tree in SW corner 70a Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15121863 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree of garden 71 Apple Malus pumila East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15111863 J. Preece M. Duffell 2 mature trees Pedunculate approximately 15-20 years 72 Quercus robur East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091863 J. Preece M. Duffell 2 trees Oak old Populus 'Balsam 73 A Poplar East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061862 J. Preece M. Duffell 3 trees Spire' Pedunculate approximately 15-20 years 74 Quercus robur East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061863 J. Preece M. Duffell 2 trees Oak old 75 Silver Birch Betula pendula East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Individual tree near mound 76 Rowan Sorbus aucuparia East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Individual tree near mound 77 Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Individual tree near mound A weeping Men's Courtyard, Y 78 Prunus CV. SJ15051864 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Centre of ornamental garden cherry Dolydd Men's Courtyard, Y 79 Silver Birch Betula pendula SJ15051865 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Ornamental garden Dolydd Men's Courtyard, Y 80 A cherry Prunus CV. SJ15041864 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Ornamental garden Dolydd
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Common Grid Number / No Scientific Name Location (description) Recorder Confirmer Comments Name Reference Type Pedunculate 81 Quercus robur Men's Courtyard, Y Dolydd SJ15051864 J. Preece M. Duffell 1 tree Ornamental garden Oak M. 81a Elder Sambucus nigra Men's Courtyard, Y Dolydd SJ150186 - 1 tree Single sapling/shrub Duffell M. Ornamental, red leaved form 82 An apple Malus CV. Front Garden, Y Dolydd SJ150186 - 1 tree Duffell of Crab Apple. Centre of lawn M. 83 A conifer Chamaecyparis CV. Front Garden, Y Dolydd SJ150186 - 3 trees Ornamental conifers in bed. Duffell Butterfly Bush Buddleja davidii M. Several large Growing against walls of 84 Front Garden, Y Dolydd SJ150186 - A Buddleja Buddleja x weyeriana Duffell bushes building and free standing
*Highlighted records have not been confirmed.
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Appendix 7: Approximate location of individual Trees and hedgerows from Tree Survey.
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Appendix 8: Results from Camera Trapping at Y Dolydd.
Number of No Common Name Scientific Name Recorder Date Comments Time IMAGE individuals 1 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 16th July 2015 Male feeding 10:03 1 IMAG003 2 Badger Meles meles M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 01:36 1 IMAG008 3 Dunnock Prunella modularis M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 07:36 1 IMAG009 4 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 07:42 1 IMAG010 5 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 09:38 1 IMAG011 Female flying off 6 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 17th July 2015 12:20 1 IMAG013 shingle 7 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding 13:21 1 IMAG014 Male flying off with Same individual as 8 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 17th July 2015 13:24 1 IMAG015 food in beak IMAG014 9 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding 16:21 1 IMAG016 Same individual as 10 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding 16:24 1 IMAG017 IMAG016 11 Dunnock Prunella modularis M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 16:24 1 IMAG017 12 Dunnock Prunella modularis M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 18:35 1 IMAG018 13 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Flying through 18:35 1 IMAG018 14 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 18:37 1 IMAG019 Same individual as 15 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging 18:37 1 IMAG019 IMAG018 16 Mouse Apodemus sp. M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Passing through 22:48 1 IMAG021 17 Badger Meles meles M. Duffell 17th July 2015 Passing through 23:05 1 IMAG022 18 Otter Lutra lutra M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Passing through 00:17 1 IMAG023 19 Dunnock Prunella modularis M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging 05:49 1 IMAG024 Same individual as 20 Dunnock Prunella modularis M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging 05:52 1 IMAG025 IMAG024 21 Thrush Turdus philomelos M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging 10:35 1 IMAG027
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Pair foraging on 22 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea M. Duffell 18th July 2015 12:55 2 IMAG029 shingle beach 23 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging 16:58 1 IMAG035 24 Great Tit Parus major M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Drinking from stream 16:58 1 IMAG035 Same individual as 25 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging 17:02 1 IMAG036 IMAG035 26 Badger Meles meles M. Duffell 19th July 2015 Foraging 00:23 1 IMAG040 27 Otter Lutra lutra M. Duffell 19th July 2015 Passing through 00:45 1 IMAG041
1st August 28 Otter Lutra lutra M. Duffell Passing through 04:52 2 IMAG048 2015 2nd August 29 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea M. Duffell Foraging 10:32 1 IMAG049 2015 2nd August 30 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Female. Foraging 10:51 1 IMAG051 2015 2nd August 31 Robin Erithacus rubecula M. Duffell Drinking from stream 16:28 1 IMAG052 2015 3rd August 32 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Female bathing 07:18 1 IMAG053 2015 4th August 33 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Female. Foraging 06:41 1 IMAG063 2015 4th August Same individual as 34 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Female. Foraging 06:47 1 IMAG064 2015 IMAG063? 4th August 35 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Male. Foraging 14:02 1 IMAG065 2015 5th August 36 Blackbird Turdus merula M. Duffell Female. Foraging 08:31 1 IMAG066 2015
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Appendix 9: Bat Records, existing Bat Boxes and sites with Bat Potential.
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Appendix 10: All Mammal records
Common Scientific Grid Confirmer / Location (description) Recorder Date Comments Source Name Name Reference Determiner Apodemus M. a Mouse Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 17th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG021 sp. Duffell M. Otter Lutra lutra Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 18th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG023 Duffell M. Otter Lutra lutra Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 19th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG041 Duffell M. 1st August Otter Lutra lutra Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ151187 - 2 individuals Camera trap: IMAG048 Duffell 2015 M. Badger Meles meles Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 17th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG008 Duffell M. Badger Meles meles Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 17th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG022 Duffell M. Badger Meles meles Streamside, Y Dolydd SJ15051877 - 19th July 2015 1 individual Camera trap: IMAG040 Duffell A. Cutts Hole in hedgerow with Badger Meles meles Meadow, Y Dolydd SJ15111871 & M. - 17th July 2015 latrines hidden in Direct observation Duffell hedgerow nearby Microtus Hedgerow in Main Field Vole SJ1503218773 A. Cutts - 18th July 2015 Unsexed - 37g Longworth trap agrestis Meadow Microtus Hedgerow in Main Field Vole SJ1505518774 A. Cutts - 18th July 2015 Male - 23g (Juvenile) Longworth trap agrestis Meadow Microtus Hedgerow in Main Field Vole SJ1517218764 A. Cutts - 18th July 2015 Male - 26g (Juvenile) Longworth trap agrestis Meadow Nyctalus Near ladies toilets and Bat recorder & direct Noctule Bat East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081864 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 noctule archway observation Common Pipistrellus North Garden, Y Bat recorder & direct SJ15071871 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 2 individuals Pipistrelle pipistrellus Dolydd observation
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Flying over and around Common Pipistrellus North Garden, Y Bat recorder & direct SJ15091870 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 bridge between North Pipistrelle pipistrellus Dolydd observation Garden and Meadow Common Pipistrellus Women's Courtyard, Y M. Bat recorder & direct SJ150186 Conf. A. Cutts 17th July 2015 Circling in courtyard Pipistrelle pipistrellus Dolydd Duffell observation Common Pipistrellus Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091864 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Flying near Poplars Pipistrelle pipistrellus observation Common Pipistrellus Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091864 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Garden Pipistrelle pipistrellus observation Common Pipistrellus Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15081868 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Pipistrelle pipistrellus observation Common Pipistrellus Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15061870 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Pipistrelle pipistrellus observation Common Pipistrellus Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15031871 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Pipistrelle pipistrellus observation Soprano Pipistrellus Near ladies toilets and Bat recorder & direct East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ15091864 A. Cutts - 17th July 2015 Pipistrelle pygmaeus archway observation Sorex Long grassland by front M. Pygmy Shrew SJ1500518644 - 18th July 2015 Longworth trap minutus fence line Duffell Sorex Hedgerow in Main Pygmy Shrew SJ1512418770 A. Cutts - 18th July 2015 Longworth trap minutus Meadow Talpa M. Mole East Garden, Y Dolydd SJ1518 A. Cutts 3rd August Garden Single mole hill europaea Duffell Vulpes M. Fox Outside of Y Dolydd SJ1518 - 17th July 2015 Call heard to east of site. Call vulpes Duffell
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Appendix 11: All Bird records
Grid Common Name Scientific Name Location Recorder Date Comments Observation type Sex Reference Skylark Alauda arvensis Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
Mallard Nest with 8 eggs, Anas platyrhynchos Meadow SJ1499875 Mark Duffell 17th June 2015 female flew off. Direct observation Female
Swift Apus apus Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 9 seen in sky Direct observation -
Swift Apus apus Boys’ Courtyard Nesting in eaves of Y SJ15021867 Mark Duffell 14th May 2015 Dolydd Direct observation - Swift Apus apus Girls’ Courtyard SJ15051868 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Adult visiting nest Direct observation - Adult visiting nest in Swift Apus apus Girls’ Courtyard entrance to Girls’ SJ15041870 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Courtyard Direct observation - Adult visiting nest Swift Apus apus Girls’ Courtyard above Leather SJ15031868 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Workshop Direct observation -
Swift Apus apus Boys’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Adult visiting nest Direct observation -
Swift Apus apus Boys’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & SJ15031866 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Adult visiting nest Direct observation - Western face of Y Front of Y Dolydd building Swift Apus apus Dolydd (above Bunkhouse Mark Duffell & area). 2 separate nest SJ15021866 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 sites Direct observation -
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In entrance area to Girls’ Courtyard Swift Apus apus Girls’ Courtyard (above Model Mark Duffell & Railway Workshop). SJ15041870 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Adult visiting nest Direct observation - Men's Swift Apus apus Mark Duffell & Adults visiting nest on Courtyard SJ15051865 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 south facing building Direct observation - Heron Ardea cinerea Y Dolydd SJ1518 Ruth Taylor 18th July 2015 Flying over Y Dolydd Direct observation - Heron Ardea cinerea Y Dolydd SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th July 2015 Flying over Y Dolydd Direct observation -
Buzzard Buteo buteo Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 3 seen in sky Direct observation - Buzzard Buteo buteo Y Dolydd SJ1518 Ruth Taylor 18th July 2015 Flying over Y Dolydd Direct observation - Buzzard Buteo buteo Y Dolydd SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th July 2015 Flying over Y Dolydd Direct observation -
Buzzard Buteo buteo Y Dolydd Mark Duffell & SJ1518 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Calling -
Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 2 seen in sky Direct observation - Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell 17th June 2015 3 flying over Direct observation - Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Car Park SJ1418 Mark Duffell 14th July 2015 Car Park Call - Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Pair in Ash tree Direct observation -
Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Girls’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & SJ15061867 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Flying over Y Dolydd Direct observation - Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Front Garden SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
Woodpigeon Columba columba Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 1 seen in sky Direct observation -
Jackdaw Corvus monedula Boys’ Courtyard Nesting in eaves of Y SJ15021867 Mark Duffell 14th May 2015 Dolydd Direct observation -
Jackdaw Corvus monedula Boys’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & SJ15031867 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Adult visiting nest Direct observation -
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On corner of Jackdaw Corvus monedula Girls’ Courtyard entrance to Girls’ Mark Duffell & Courtyard. Adults SJ15041870 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 seen visiting nest Direct observation - Jackdaw Corvus monedula Girls’ Courtyard SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Jackdaw Corvus monedula Front Garden SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
House Martin Delichon urbica Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 3 seen in sky Direct observation - Great Spotted Dendrocopos major Y Dolydd Tina Smith & Woodpecker SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 1 seen in sky Direct observation - 2nd August Camera trap: Robin Erithacus rubecula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Drinking from stream IMAG052 - Robin Erithacus rubecula Front Garden SJ1518 Mark Duffell 14th July 2015 Front Garden Call - Robin Erithacus rubecula Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Calling - Robin Erithacus rubecula Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca Meadow SJ150187 Mark Duffell 29th July 2015 Seen in Ash Tree Direct observation - Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
Swallow Hirundo rustica Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 2 seen in sky Direct observation - Adult flying into nest Swallow Hirundo rustica Boys’ Courtyard and chicks calling. In Mark Duffell & 'heritage centre' area Direct observation SJ15021867 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 due for renovation and call - Old nests in stairwell Swallow Hirundo rustica Girls’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & (next to Caravan SJ15041870 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 workshop) Direct observation - Swallow Hirundo rustica Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba Boys’ Courtyard On roof tops and in SJ1518 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 grounds Direct observation -
Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Stream Pair foraging on Camera trap: SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 shingle beach IMAG029 -
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2nd August Camera trap: Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Foraging IMAG049 - Spotted Muscicapa striata East Garden Flycatcher SJ151186 Andrew Cutts 17th July 2015 Seen in Poplar Trees Direct observation - Blue Tit Parus caeruleus Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Camera trap: Great Tit Parus major Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Drinking from stream IMAG035 -
House Sparrow Passer domesticus Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 5 in hedgerow Direct observation - Entrance to Boys’ House Sparrow Passer domesticus Boys’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & Courtyard on right. SJ15011867 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Adults using nest Direct observation - Western face of Y Front of Y Dolydd building House Sparrow Passer domesticus Dolydd (above Bunkhouse Mark Duffell & area). Adults visiting SJ15021868 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 nest Direct observation - Western face of Y Front of Y Dolydd building House Sparrow Passer domesticus Dolydd (above Bunkhouse Mark Duffell & area). Adults visiting SJ15011868 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 nest Direct observation - Above leather House Sparrow Passer domesticus Girls’ Courtyard Mark Duffell & workshop - adults SJ150186 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 visiting nests Direct observation - Nest visible in House Sparrow Passer domesticus Front Garden Mark Duffell & chicken wire along SJ15001866 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 eaves of building Direct observation - Front of Y House Sparrow Passer domesticus Mark Duffell & In Beech hedge at Dolydd SJ15011868 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 front of Y Dolydd Direct observation - House Sparrow Passer domesticus Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation -
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Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 1 heard in tree Call - Camera trap: Dunnock Prunella modularis Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 1 foraging IMAG009 - Camera trap: Dunnock Prunella modularis Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG017 - Camera trap: Dunnock Prunella modularis Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG018 - Camera trap: Dunnock Prunella modularis Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging IMAG024 - Camera trap: IMAG025 (same Dunnock Prunella modularis Stream individual as SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging IMAG024) -
Nuthatch Sitta europaea Y Dolydd 3rd August 1 seen near Poplar SJ150186 Andrew Cutts 2015 Trees Direct observation - Feeding on insects on Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla Front Garden Hogweed in Front SJ1518 Mark Duffell 14th July 2015 garden Direct observation - Troglodytes Wren Stream Camera trap: troglodytes SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG010 - Troglodytes Wren Stream Camera trap: troglodytes SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG011 - Troglodytes Wren Stream Camera trap: troglodytes SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Flying through IMAG018 - Camera trap: Troglodytes IMAG019 (same Wren Stream troglodytes individual as SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG018) -
Blackbird Turdus merula Y Dolydd Tina Smith & SJ1518 Paul Shearer 18th July 2015 1 seen in tree Direct observation - Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 16th July 2015 Male feeding Camera trap: Male
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IMAG003
Blackbird Turdus merula Stream Female flying off Camera trap: SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 shingle IMAG013 - Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding IMAG014 - Camera trap: IMAG015 (same Blackbird Turdus merula Stream Male flying off with individual as SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 food in beak IMAG014) - Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding IMAG016 - Camera trap: IMAG016 (same Blackbird Turdus merula Stream individual as SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Male feeding IMAG017) - Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging IMAG035 - Camera trap: IMAG036 (same Blackbird Turdus merula Stream individual as SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging IMAG0235) - 2nd August Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Female. Foraging IMAG051 - 3rd August Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Female bathing IMAG053 - 4th August Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Female. Foraging IMAG063 - Camera trap: IMAG064 (same Blackbird Turdus merula Stream 4th August individual as SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Female. Foraging IMAG063) - 4th August Camera trap: Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 2015 Male. Foraging IMAG065 - Blackbird Turdus merula Stream SJ151187 Mark Duffell 5th August Female. Foraging Camera trap: -
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2015 IMAG066 Blackbird Turdus merula Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Blackbird Turdus merula Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Camera trap: Song Thrush Turdus philomelos Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 17th July 2015 Foraging IMAG019 - Camera trap: Song Thrush Turdus philomelos Stream SJ15051877 Mark Duffell 18th July 2015 Foraging IMAG027 - Song Thrush Turdus philomelos Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus Meadow SJ1418 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 Direct observation - NE face of building - Unidentified Unidentified North Garden not possible to Mark Duffell & determine species. SJ15081866 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Staining on walls Direct observation -
Men's Nest with twigs Unidentified Unidentified Courtyard Mark Duffell & visible sticking out of SJ15041866 Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 hole in wall Direct observation -
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Appendix 12: Grid references and locations for all Small Mammal Traps.
Date: 18th July 2015 Recorder(s): Mark Duffell and Andrew Cutts Trap Empty Location (description) Grid Reference Species Sex M/F/? Weight g Identifier No Y/N YD01 South garden (patch in lawn) SJ1500318648 Y - - - - YD02 South garden (bank by roadside verge) SJ1499818650 Y - - - - YD03 South garden (bank by roadside verge) SJ1500118647 Y - - - - YD04 South garden (bank by roadside verge) SJ1500518644 N Sorex minutus Pygmy Shrew ? ? M. Duffell YD05 South garden (bank by roadside verge) SJ1501018644 Y - - - - YD06 South garden (bank by roadside verge) SJ1501218646 Y - - - - YD07 Main Meadow - by bank near car park SJ1500918695 Y - - - - YD08 Main Meadow - by bank near car park SJ1499818691 Y - - - - YD09 Main Meadow - by bank near car park SJ1498718703 Y - - - - YD10 Main Meadow - by bank near car park SJ1497718717 Y - - - - YD11 Main Meadow - by bank near car park SJ1496918727 Y - - - - Meadow - New hedge/trees planted YD12 SJ1495618753 Y - - - - near Caravan Meadow - New hedge/trees planted YD13 SJ1497118768 Y - - - - near Caravan YD14 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1498418772 Y - - - - YD15 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1499418772 Y - - - - YD16 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1500318771 Y - - - - YD17 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1501318773 N Cepaea nemoralis Brown-lipped Snail - - M. Duffell YD18 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1502118773 Y - - - - YD19 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1503218773 N Microtus agrestis Field Vole ? 37g A. Cutts YD20 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1504218774 Y - - - - 23g YD21 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1505518774 N Microtus agrestis Field Vole Male A. Cutts (Juvenile) YD22 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1506818775 Y - - - -
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YD23 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1507718772 Y - - - - YD24 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1508718769 Y - - - - YD25 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1509618769 Y - - - - YD26 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1510718770 Y - - - - YD27 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1511518771 Y - - - - YD28 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1512418770 N Sorex minutus Pygmy Shrew ? ? A. Cutts YD29 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1513418765 Y - - - - YD30 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1514418760 Y - - - - YD31 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1515218762 Y - - - - YD32 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1516018764 Y - - - - 26g YD33 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1517218764 N Microtus agrestis Field Vole Male A. Cutts (Juvenile) YD34 Main Meadow - northern hedge line SJ1518118758 Y - - - - Main Meadow - hedge near Oak on YD35 SJ1510418716 Y - - - - eastern side Main Meadow - hedge near Oak on YD36 SJ1510018724 Y - - - - eastern side Main Meadow - hedge near Oak on M. Duffell & YD37 SJ1509218729 N Forficula auricula Common Earwig - - eastern side A. Cutts North Garden - northern hedge (on YD38 SJ1506618718 Y - - - - southern side) North Garden - northern hedge (on YD39 SJ1507318719 Y - - - - southern side) North Garden - northern hedge (on YD40 SJ1508218720 Y - - - - southern side) North Garden - eastern hedge YD41 SJ1509118716 Y - - - - (between bridge/arch) North Garden - eastern hedge YD42 SJ1509318709 Y - - - - (between bridge/arch)
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North Garden - eastern hedge YD43 SJ1509718699 Y - - - - (between bridge/arch) YD44 East Garden - by cable drum table SJ1510318688 Y - - - - YD45 East Garden - vegetable garden area SJ1510518679 Y - - - - YD46 East Garden - vegetable garden area SJ1510618670 Y - - - - East Garden - southern bank below YD47 SJ1508818631 Y - - - - roadside East Garden - southern bank below YD48 SJ1507818629 Y - - - - roadside Men's Courtyard - Ornamental garden YD49 SJ1505318646 Y - - - - (centre bed) Men's Courtyard - Ornamental garden YD50 SJ1504018658 Y - - - - (centre bed)
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Appendix 13: Records of Invertebrates for Y Dolydd.
Arranged alphabetically by taxonomic order, family, then genus.
Grid Confirmer / Order Common Name Scientific Name Location Recorder Date Comments Reference Determiner
Acari Water Mite Order: Acari Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 29th July 2015 Stream dipping
Amphipoda Freshwater Shrimp Gammarus pulex Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
Amphipoda Water Shrimp Gammarus pulex Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 29th July 2015 Stream dipping
Annelida True Worm Phylum: Annelida Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
Chilopoda a centipede Lithobius sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015
Chilopoda a centipede Lithobius sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Coleoptera 2-spot Ladybird Adalia 2-punctata Meadow SJ151187 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015
Coleoptera Carpet Beetle Anthrenus verbasci Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015
Coleoptera Water Beetle - small Family: Coleoptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
Coleoptera Water Beetle - large Family: Coleoptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
Coleoptera Green Dock Beetle Gastrophysa virida Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015
Coleoptera Green Dock Beetle Gastrophysa virida Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Coleoptera Orange Ladybird Halyzia sedecimguttata Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Coleoptera Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Found in fire bucket in Coleoptera Diving Beetle Nebrioporus elegans Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 field Coleoptera Thick-legged Flower Beetle Oedemera nobilis Meadow SJ1518 Daisy Yiangou - 18th July 2015 Propylea Coleoptera 14-spot Ladybird Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 quattuordecimpunctata
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Coleoptera 22-spot Ladybird Psyllobora 22-punctata Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015
Coleoptera Common Soldier Beetle Rhagonycha fulva Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015
Coleoptera Hogweed Bonking Beetle Rhagonycha fulva Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Many on Wild Carrot, Coleoptera Hogweed Bonking Beetle Rhagonycha fulva Meadow SJ150187 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 also widespread on Hogweed and Angelica Collembola a globular springtail Dicyrtomina minuta Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Collembola a springtail Entomobrya intermedia Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Collembola a springtail Entomobrya nivalis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Collembola a springtail Isotomurus unifasciatus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Collembola a springtail Lepidocyrtus cyaneus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Pogonognathellus Collembola a springtail Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 longicornis Collembola a springtail Tomocerus minor Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Dermaptera Common Earwig Forficula auricularia Y Dolydd SJ1509218729 Mark Duffell Andrew Cutts 18th July 2015 Found in mammal trap Dermaptera Common Earwig Forficula auricularia Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Diplopoda Blunt-tailed Snake Millipede Cylindroiulus punctatus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Diptera Housefly Order: Diptera Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Diptera a soldier fly Chloromyia formosa Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera Marmalade Hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera a hoverfly Eristalis arbustorum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera a hoverfly Eristalis nemorum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera Drone-fly Eristalis tenax Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Diptera a hoverfly Eristalis tenax Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera Midge Larvae Family: Ceratopogonidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Diptera Non-biting Midge Larvae Family: Chironomidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Diptera Bloodworm Family: Chironomidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
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Diptera Greenbottle Lucilia caesar Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Diptera a cranefly Molophilus sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera a hoverfly Mythropa florea Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera Robberfly Order: Asilidae Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Diptera Flesh Fly Sarcophaga sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Diptera a hoverfly Scaeva pyrastri Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera Yellow Dung Fly Scathophaga stercoraria Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Diptera Common Dung Fly Scathophaga stercoraria Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera a fly Sepsis sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Diptera a cranefly Tipula fulvipennis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Ephemeroptera Swimming Mayfly Nymph Family: Ephemeroptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Ephemeroptera Flattened Mayfly Nymph Family: Ephemeroptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Mayfly Nymph - Black, black Ephemeroptera Family: Ephemeroptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping & yellow legs and tail Galls formed on Sitka Hemiptera Adelgid Gall Adelgid sp. North Garden SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015 Spruce in NE corner of garden Hemiptera Alder Spittlebug Aphrophora alni Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera a plant bug Campyloneura virgula Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera a plant bug Closterotomus norwegicus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Living on Sitka Spruce Hemiptera A scale insect Coccoidea North Garden SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015 in NE corner of garden Hemiptera a plant bug Deraeocoris ruber Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera Pond Skater Family: Gerridae Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015 In stream Hemiptera A Pondskater Family: Gerridae Stream SJ1518 Mark Duffell 29th April 2015 In stream Hemiptera a plant bug Heterotoma planicornis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera Meadow Plant Bug Leptopterna dolabrata Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Hemiptera Meadow Plant Bug Leptopterna dolabrata Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Hemiptera Common Green Capsid Bug Lygocoris pabulinus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera Green Shieldbug Palomena pratensis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 mid instar Hemiptera Red-legged Shieldbug Pentatoma rufipes Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015
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Egg laying on Hemiptera Red-legged Shieldbug Pentatoma rufipes North Garden SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015 Pedunculate Oak Hemiptera Common froghopper Philaenus spumarius Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Hemiptera Comon Froghopper Philaenus spumarius Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera Spear Thistle Lacebug Tingis cardui Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hemiptera Bronze Shieldbug Troilus luridus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 early instar Hemiptera a leafhopper Typhlocyba quercus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Hirunidea Leech Family: Hirundinidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Hirunidea Leech Family: Hirundinidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 29th July 2015 Stream dipping Hymenoptera Honey Bee Apis mellifera Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Hymenoptera Red-tailed Bumblebee Bombus lapidarius Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Feeding on White Hymenoptera Red-tailed Bumblebee Bombus lapidarius Boys’ Courtyard SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 Clover Hymenoptera White-tailed Bumblebee Bombus lucorum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Hymenoptera Common Carder Bee Bombus pascuorum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Feeding on Geranium Hymenoptera Common Carder Bee Bombus pascuorum Boys’ Courtyard SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 in centre bed Hymenoptera Buff-tailed Bumblebee Bombus terrestris Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Hymenoptera Ruby-tailed Wasp Chrysis sp. Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Hymenoptera Ruby-tailed Wasp Chrysis sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Solitary Bee is using a hole in display board Hymenoptera A solitary Bee Order: Hymenoptera Y Dolydd SJ15021869 Andrew Cutts - 17th June 2015 as a nest. Not identified to species. Hymenoptera a parasitic wasp unknown Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Wasps nest partially dug up by Badgers, dead wasps and parts Hymenoptera Common Wasp Vespula vulgaris Y Dolydd SJ151187 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 of nest nearby. Nest now rebuilt. By stream side Second nest in bank of Hymenoptera Common Wasp Vespula vulgaris Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 stream
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Isopoda Common Woodlouse Oniscus asellus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Isopoda Common Shiny Woodlouse Oniscus asellus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Isopoda Common Striped Woodlouse Philoscia muscorum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015
Isopoda Common Rough Woodlouse Porcellio scaber Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Lepidoptera Spectacle Abrostola triplasia Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Adult Caterpillar on nettles, Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 throughout meadow Ellie & George Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts 3rd August 2015 Adult Preece Caterpillars on nettles Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts 3rd August 2015 by metal fence Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Found dead on Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 14th May 2015 windowsill Caterpillar (turning into Chrysalis) and Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ15001867 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 Chrysalis found attached to front of building stonework One Chrysalis was empty, the previous (caterpillar turning Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Y Dolydd SJ15001867 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 into Chrysalis) was now a fully formed Chrysalis Lepidoptera Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Meadow SJ1518 Dan Preece - 3rd August 2015 Adult Lepidoptera Heart and Dart Agrotis exclamationis Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 3 specimens Lepidoptera Dark Arches Apamea monoglypha Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 6 specimens Lepidoptera A Wainscot Archanara sp. Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 2 specimens Lepidoptera Garden Tiger Arctia caja Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Beautiful Golden Y Autrographa pulchrina Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 3 specimens Lepidoptera Peppered Moth Biston betularia Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 3 specimens
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Lepidoptera The Shark Cucullia umbratica Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Elephant Hawkmoth Deilephila elpenor Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Burnished Brass Diachrysia chrysitis Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 4 specimens Lepidoptera Common Footman Eilema lurideola Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera T-moth Emmelina monodactyla Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Barred Straw Eulithis pyraliata Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Yellowtail Euproctis similis Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 3 specimens Dan & Jayne Found on Oak tree Lepidoptera Yellowtail Euproctis similis Meadow SJ150187 Mark Duffell 29th July 2015 Preece near water point. Lepidoptera Square Spot Dart Euxoa obelisca Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Euxoa sp. aff. Euxoa sp. aff. Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 2 specimens Adult photographed Lepidoptera Large Emerald Moth Geometra papilionaria Buildings SJ1518 Tree Marshall Andrew Cutts 27th July 2015 inside building. Posted on YD Facebook page Lepidoptera Snout Hypena proboscidalis Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 2 specimens Lepidoptera Satin Wave Idaea subericeata Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Caterpillars moving away from nettles Lepidoptera Peacock Inachis io Meadow SJ15071875 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 around lone oak, finding pupating site Lepidoptera Peacock Inachis io Meadow SJ15111877 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Mature caterpillars. Lepidoptera Poplar Hawk-Moth Laothoe populi Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 3 specimens Lepidoptera Clouded Border Lomaspilis marginata Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Meadow Brown Maniola jurtina Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Adult Lepidoptera Meadow Brown Maniola jurtina Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015 Lepidoptera Common Rustic Mesapamea secalis agg. Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Clay Mythimna ferrago Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera A Wainscot Mythimna sp. Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera Lesser Yellow Underwing Noctua comes Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 2 specimens Lepidoptera Swallowtailed Ourapteryx sambucaria Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 4 specimens Lepidoptera Buff Tip Phalera bucephala Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen
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Lepidoptera Green-veined White Butterfly Pieris napi Boys’ Courtyard SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 Adult
Lepidoptera Small White Butterfly Pieris rapae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Lepidoptera Small White Pieris rapae Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Lepidoptera Comma Polygonia c-album Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 3rd August 2015
Lepidoptera Comma Polygonia c-album Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 17th June 2015
Lepidoptera Red Admiral Vanessa atlanta Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Adult Lepidoptera Red Admiral Vanessa atlanta Meadow SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 29th July 2015 Lepidoptera Double Square-Spot Xestia triangulum Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Lepidoptera A Sword-grass Xylena sp. Men's Courtyard SJ15031865 Andrew Cutts - 18th July 2015 1 specimen Mecoptera Scorpionfly Panorpa sp. Y Dolydd SJ150187 Mark Duffell - 17th June 2015 Mating on wing Mollusca Water Limpet Ancylus fluviatilis Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 29th July 2015 Stream dipping Mollusca A slug Arion sp. Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Mollusca White-lipped Snail Cepaea hortensis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Mollusca Grove Snail Cepaea nemoralis Meadow SJ1501318773 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Found in mammal trap Mollusca Grove Snail Cepaea nemoralis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Mollusca Garden Snail Cornu aspersum Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Mollusca Pond Snail Family: Lymnaidae Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping Mollusca Garden snail Helix aspersa Y Dolydd SJ1518 Andrew Cutts - 3rd August 2015 Mollusca Leopard Slug Limax maximus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Mollusca Leopard Slug Limax maximus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Mark Duffell & Mollusca Leopard Slug Limax maximus Boys’ Courtyard SJ15031864 - 18th July 2015 Under woodpile Andrew Cutts Neuroptera a lacewing unknown Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Neuroptera a lacewing unknown Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Opiliones a harvestman Dicranopalpus ramosus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Opiliones a harvestman Parolgolophus agrestis Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Opiliones Harvestman Order: Opiliones Meadow SJ150187 Mark Duffell - 18th July 2015 Orthoptera A grasshopper Orthoptera: Caelifera Y Dolydd SJ1518 Leila Price DATE UNKNOWN Plecoptera Stonefly Nymph Order: Plecoptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
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Pseudoscorpiones a pseudoscorpion unknown Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Psocoptera a bark fly Graphopsocus cruciatus Y Dolydd SJ1518 Pete Boardman - 1st August 2015 Trichoptera Case Caddisfly Order: Trichoptera Y Dolydd SJ150187 Jenni Duffell - 18th July 2015 Stream dipping
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Appendix 14: Plants listed on Schedule 9.
Azolla filiculoides Water Fern Cabomba caroliniana Fanwort Crassula helmsii New Zealand Pygmyweed Eichhornia crassipes Water Hyacinth Elodea callitrichoides South American Waterweed Elodea canadensis Canadian Pondweed Elodea nuttallii Nuttalls Pondweed Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed Fallopia xbohemica Hybrid Knotweed (F. japonica x F. sachalinensis) Fallopia sachalinensis Giant Knotweed Gunnera tinctoria Giant Rhubarb Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Floating Pennywort Impatiens glandulifera Indian/Himalayan Balsam Lagarosiphon major Curly Waterweed Ludwigia grandiflora Water Primrose Ludwigia peploides Floating Water Primrose Ludwigia uruguayensis Water Primrose Myriophyllum aquaticum Parrot’s-feather Pistia stratiotes Water Lettuce Sagittaria latifolia Duck Potato Salvinia molesta Giant Salvinia
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