DOCSLIB.ORG

Archaeological Testing for the Kyrene Expansion Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Archaeological Testing for the Kyrene Expansion Project Archaeological Testing for the Kyrene Expansion Project T. Kathleen Henderson Contributions by Tiffany C. Clark Kevin G. Frison Gregson Schachner Archaeological Testing for the Kyrene Expansion Project T. Kathleen Henderson Contributions by Tiffany C. Clark Kevin G. Frison Gregson Schachner Submitted to Mr. John L. Keane Environmental Planning, P AB 355 Salt River Project 1521 N. Project Drive Phoenix, Arizona 85281 Teclmical Report No. 2000-09 Desert Archaeology, Inc. 3975 North Tucson Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85716 • September 2000 ABSTRACT Archaeological testing was conducted at the Salt the site of Los Guanacos, AZ U:9:116 (ASM), a National River Project Kyrene Generating Station located east of Register-eligible historic property. Two archaeological Kyrene Road between Guadalupe and Elliot roads in features of modern age, an irrigation ditch and the Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona. The testing took remains of a tool shed, were identified also. place at the site of a proposed new natural gas-fired The prehistoric archaeological remains contain generating station adjacent to the existing generating information importantto prehistory and are considered station in the Pole and Tank yards of the Kyrene contributing elements to the National Register-eligible facility. A proposed new and realigned gas line route property. Some form of treatment is recommended to was investigated also. The purpose of testing was to mitigate the impact of proposed development in the determine if significant subsurface archaeological project area. Appropriate treatment options include site remains were present in the proposed plant site and its preservation through avoidance of any construction related facilities. activities at the locations of the archaeological remains; One hundred and twenty-three archaeological mitigation of potential adverse effects of construction features were documented in 2,774 m of backhoe and development through a program of archaeological trenches placed strategically across the project area. data recovery; or a program that combines elements of One hundred and twenty-one of the features are avoidance and data recovery for selected portions of prehistoric and affiliated with the Hohokam culture. the property. A data recovery plan is presented that Identified types include pithouses, cremation burials, identifies actions to mitigate adverse effects onarchaeo­ roasting pits and ovens, borrow pits, other small and logical features in areas that will be developed. The large pits, and a settling basin. All appear to date to the planincludes a research design and work plan that will late pre-Classic or Classic Hohokam periods. A review provide for the recovery of significant data values from of previous archaeological research in the project the site. vicinity indicates the prehistoric features are a part of ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The testing project could not have been accom­ The fieldwork was accomplished by an able crew plished effectively without the ready support of consisting variously of Tiffany Clark, Casey Counts, Richard Anduze, Archaeologist, and John Keane, Kevin Frison, Umberto Fuentes, Tom Prang, John Executive Environmental Analyst, of the Environmen­ Rockhill, Greg Schachner, and Caroline Shurrab. Ellen tal Planning and Technology Initiatives division of Salt Ruble is especially thanked not only for her role as River Project (SRP). Rick's quick responses to questions Field Director of the Tank Yard testing, but also for her regarding mobilizing and coordinating the fieldwork effort in mobilizing the project. Backhoe trenches were across the myriad facilities of the Kyrene Station were cut and backfilled by Gene Jenstad, Mark Myers, and essential to the project's completion. His enthusiasm, Robert Ybarra of Desert Diggers Backhoe Service, Inc. patience, and interest are greatly appreciated. Special thanks to Ron Freestone of Desert Diggers for Sincere thanks are extended to SRP staff who his alacrity in attending to our backhoe needs. facilitated the progress of various segments of the Stephanie Sherwood and Brian Fisher of Compass project. These individuals include: Dave Marsh, Fore­ Rose Technical Services provided field mapping and man, and Mike Hitt, Manager, for their roles in coordi­ computer cartography. The illustrations in this report nating activity in the Tank Yard; Greg Klippel, Material were skillfully prepared by Stephanie Sherwood. Handler, Rick Lott, Manager, and Michael Voda, Support from the Desert Archaeology office was an Electrical System Engineer, who facilitated the field­ essential element of this project. Lisa Eppley processed work in the Pole Yard; Floyd Stewart, Manager, and the recovered artifacts and flotation samples, and Sara Dudley Harris, Senior Engineering Technician, who Lely entered the data from the many field forms. Lisa oversaw fieldwork in the 500 kV Switchyard; and also undertook an inventory-level analYSis of the flaked George Murray, Manager, and Wayne Wisdom, for and ground stone artifacts, and Mike Diehl performed facilitating trench excavations in Central Reclamation an analysis of several flotation samples. Dena McDuffie and the Tempe Service Center, respectively. Peter and her team produced this report. Tiffany Clark Kandaris, Senior Engineer, and Lori Trout, Environ­ conducted the ceramic analysis under my supervision; ment, provided useful information and oversight. James Heidke provided valuable comment about Special gratitude is conveyed to Greg Klippel and his coding variables for this effort. Thanks go to these staff, for their long, harried effort in removing poles individuals, as well as Henry Wallace, Beth Miksa, and other equipment from the Pole Yard, and to Jenny Adams, and Jane Sliva for their insight on Dudley Harris, who provided cheerful escort and research issues that might be relevant to data recovery oversight of excavations and backfilling in the 500 kV investigations of the project's archaeological remains. Switchyard. Also appreciated are those SRP employees David Abbott, a private consultant, is also thanked in who visited the excavations and expressed both aston­ this regard. A debt is finally owed to Trish Castalia and ishment and wonder upon seeing what lay beneath Bill Doelle for their interest, comment, and general their facility. support in the project's completion. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ........................................................................................ ii Acknowledgments ............................................................................. iii List of Figures. .. vi List of Tables .................................................................................. vii 1. INTRODUCTION, T. Kathleen Henderson. .. 1 Project Area Location and Description ........................................................... 4 Organization of the Report ..................................................................... 4 2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL SETTING, T. Kathleen Henderson and Tiffany C. Clark . ........... 5 Environmental Setting ........................................................................ 5 Archaeological Background . .. 6 Modern Use of the Project Area ................................................................. 9 3. PREVIOUS RESEARCH, T. Kathleen Henderson and Kevin G. Frison . .. 11 Early Archaeological Research ................................................................ 11 Recent Archaeological Research ............................................................... 16 Investigations outside the Kyrene Facility .................................................... 18 Investigations inside the Kyrene Facility ..................................................... 20 Historic Resources . .. 22 Summary and Discussion . .. 22 4. FIELD METHODS AND RESULTS, T. Kathleen Henderson and Gregson Schachner ...................... 23 Field Methods .............................................................................. 23 Backhoe Trenching .. " ................................................................... 23 Feature Recording ........................................................................ 31 Collections .............................................................................. 31 Excavations. .. 31 Mapping ................................................................................. 31 Field Results. .. 31 Project Area Stratigraphy and Disturbances .................................................. 33 Summary ............................................................................... 35 5. FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS, Gregson Schachner and T. Kathleen Henderson ............................ 37 Pithouses ................................................................................... 37 Pithouse Descriptions ..................................................................... 40 Extramural Features ......................................................................... 44 Pits ..................................................................................... 44 Homos and Roasting Pits .................................................................. 47 Hearth .................................................................................. 48 Extramural Surface ....................................................................... 49 Settling Basin ............................................................................ 49 Human Remains ............................................................................ 51 Feature 57 .... .. 51 Feature 102 ... .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • When the Navajo Generating Station Closes, Where Does the Water Go?
    COLORADO NATURAL RESOURCES, ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW REVIEW When the Navajo Generating Station Closes, Where Does the Water Go? Gregor Allen MacGregor* INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 291 I. HISTORICAL SETTING OF THE CURRENT CONFLICT .......................... 292 A. “Discovery” of the Colorado River; Spanish Colonization Sets the Stage for European Expansion into the Southwest ....... 292 B. American Indian Law: Sovereignty, Trust Responsibility, and Treaty Interpretation ........................................................... 293 C. Navajo Conflict and Resettlement on their Historic Homelands ............................................................................................ 295 D. Navajo Generating Station in the Context of the American Southwest’s “Big Buildup” ................................................. 297 II. OF MILLET AND MINERS: WATER LAW IN THE WEST, ON THE RESERVATIONS, AND ON THE COLORADO.................................. 301 A. Prior Appropriation: First in Time, First in Right ................ 302 B. The Winters Doctrine and the McCarran Amendment ......... 303 D. River, the Law of ................................................................. 305 1. Introduction.................................................................... 305 2. The Colorado River Compact ........................................ 306 3. Conflict in the Lower Basin Clarifies Winters .............. 307 * Mr. MacGregor is a retired US Army Cavalry Officer. This
    [Show full text]
  • Those Glen Canyon Transmission Lines -- Some Facts and Figures on a Bitter Dispute
    [July 1961] THOSE GLEN CANYON TRANSMISSION LINES -- SOME FACTS AND FIGURES ON A BITTER DISPUTE A Special Report by Rep. Morris K. Udall Since I came to Congress in May, my office has been flooded with more mail on one single issue than the combined total dealing with Castro, Berlin, Aid to Education, and Foreign Aid. Many writers, it soon became apparent, did not have complete or adequate information about the issues or facts involved in this dispute. The matter has now been resolved by the House of Representatives, and it occurs to me that many Arizonans might want a background paper on the facts and issues as they appeared to me. I earnestly hope that those who have criticized my stand will be willing to take a look at the other side of the story -- for it has received little attention in the Arizona press. It is always sad to see a falling out among reputable and important Arizona industrial groups. In these past months we have witnessed a fierce struggle which has divided two important segments of the Arizona electrical industry. For many years Arizona Public Service Company (APSCO) and such public or consumer-owned utilities as City of Mesa, Salt River Valley Water Users Association, the electrical districts, REA co-ops, etc. have worked harmoniously solving the electrical needs of a growing state. Since early 1961, however, APSCO has been locked in deadly combat with the other groups. Charges and counter-charges have filled the air. The largest part of my mail has directly resulted from a very large, expensive (and most effective) public relations effort by APSCO, working in close cooperation with the Arizona Republic and Phoenix Gazette.
    [Show full text]
  • Mormon Flat Dam Salt River Phoenix Vicinity Maricopa County Arizona
    Mormon Flat Dam Salt River HAER No. AZ- 14 Phoenix Vicinity Maricopa County Arizona PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA Historic American Engineering Record National Park Service Western Region Department of Interior San Francisco, California 94102 ( ( f ' HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD Mormon Flat Dam HAER No. AZ-14 Location: Mormon Flat Dam is located on the Salt River in eastern Maricopa County, Arizona. It is approximately 50 miles east of Phoenix. UTM coordinates 25 feet northeast of the dam (in feet) are: Easting 1505701.5184; Northing 12180405.3728, Zone 12. USGS 7.5 quad Mormon Flat Dam. Date of Construction: 1923-1925. Engineer: Charles C. Cragin. Present Owner: The Salt River Project. Present Use: Mormon Flat Dam is operated by the Salt River Project for the purposes of generating hydroelectic power and for storing approximately 57,000 acre feet of water for agricultural and urban uses. Significance: Mormon Flat Dam was the first dam constructed under the Salt River Project's 1920's hydroelectic expansion program. Historian: David M. Introcaso, Corporate Information Management, Salt River Project. Mormon Flat Dam HAER No. AZ-14 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I Introduction 3 Chapter II The Need to Expand the Association's Hydroelectric Capacity . • . • • . 20 Chapter III The Construction of Mormon Flat Dam . 37 Chapter IV The Construction of Horse Mesa Dam 60 Chapter V Post-Construction: Additions to the Association's Hydroelectric Program and Modifications to Mormon Flat and Horse Mesa Dams 79 Chapter VI Conclusion . 105 Chapter VII Epilogue: Expansion Backlash, "Water Users Oust Cragin" . 114 Appendixes . 130 Bibliography 145 Mormon Flat Darn HAER No.
    [Show full text]
  • Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, Arizona Salt River Project Electric System Revenue Bonds, 2017 Series A
    SUPPLEMENT DATED OCTOBER 27, 2017 TO PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED OCTOBER 23, 2017 RELATING TO $737,525,000∗ Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, Arizona Salt River Project Electric System Revenue Bonds, 2017 Series A The information provided below supplements the Preliminary Official Statement dated October 23, 2017 (the “Preliminary Official Statement”) for the above-referenced Bonds. Capitalized terms are used as defined in the Preliminary Official Statement. The following is added as a sixth paragraph under the subheading “THE DISTRICT – Organization, Management and Employees”: SRP has an established Mandatory Retirement Age policy for the General Manager and the individuals that report directly to the General Manager. Pursuant to this policy, General Manager and CEO Mark Bonsall has announced that he will retire at the end of the current fiscal year, which ends on April 30, 2018. Both the District Board and the Association Board of Governors have approved a recommendation to commence a succession planning process for a new General Manager/CEO. Please affix this Supplement to the Preliminary Official Statement that you have in your possession and forward this Supplement to any party to whom you delivered a copy of the Official Statement. ______________________ ∗ Preliminary, subject to change. PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED OCTOBER 23, 2017 NEW ISSUE FULL BOOK-ENTRY In the opinion of Special Tax Counsel, under existing statutes and court decisions and assuming compliance with the tax covenants described herein, and the accuracy of certain representations and certifications made by the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, interest on the 2017 Series A Bonds is excluded from gross income of the owners thereof for federal income tax purposes under Section 103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
    [Show full text]
  • EASTERN CANAL South Side of Salt River Mesa Vicinity Maricopa
    5 i EASTERN CANAL HAER AZ-56 South side of Salt River AZ-56 Mesa vicinity Maricopa County Arizona PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA FIELD RECORDS HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD INTERMOUNTAIN REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 12795 West Alameda Parkway Denver, CO 80228 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD EASTERN CANAL Location: On the south side of the Salt River, extending through the City of Mesa and Town of Gilbert in Maricopa County, Arizona. USGS Mesa and Gila Butte Quadrangles Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: Head: 427,708.5342E- 3,703,121.3135N Foot: 426,245.1880E- 3,675,675.1940N Dates of Construction: March-December 1909. Engineer: U.S. Reclamation Service. Present Owner: U.S. Government, operated by Salt River Project (SRP), Phoenix, Arizona. Present Use: The Eastern Canal carries water for agricultural, industrial, and municipal uses in the southeast portion of the Salt River Project. Significance: The Eastern Canal expanded the irrigable acreage of the Salt River Project and currently supplies water for the Roosevelt Water Conservation District (RWCD). It was the first SRP canal constructed by local landowners under the cooperative plan. Historian: Marc C. Campbell SRP Research Archives EASTERN CANAL HAER No. AZ-56 (Page 2) Table of Contents Introduction 3 Early Irrigation in the Salt River Valley 3 The Highland Canal 5 Federal Reclamation and the Highland Canal 6 Building a Reincarnated Highland: The Eastern Canal 11 Enlarging the Eastern 15 The Contract with Roosevelt Water Conservation District 17 The Civilian Conservation Corps 21 Rehabilitation and Betterment (R&B) 21 The Eastern to the Present 23 Bibliography 26 Maps 29 EASTERN CANAL HAER No.
    [Show full text]
  • SRP Letterhead Template
    Philip Augustin P.O. Box 52025 | MS POB100 Phoenix, Arizona 85072-2025 (602) 236-8788 [email protected] February 17, 2021 Peter Mackin Chair, WECC Studies Subcommittee GridBright, Inc. [email protected] Doug Tucker WECC Technical Staff Western Electricity Coordinating Council 155 North 400 West, Suite 200 Salt Lake City, Utah 84103-1114 Mr. Mackin and Mr. Tucker, Attached is Salt River Project’s 2021 Annual Progress Report to WECC in accordance with WECC Progress Report Policies and Procedures. If there are any questions, please contact me at [email protected]. Sincerely, Philip Augustin Principal Engineer, Transmission Analysis StS Representative cc: Bryce Nielsen, SRP Eric Tang, SRP WECC RAC StS 1 2021 Annual Progress Report to WECC Salt River Project Transmission Additions and Changes The following projects will be reported in the 2021 “Existing Generation and Significant Additions and Changes to System Facilities” report in accordance with section five of the WECC “Project Coordination, Path Rating and Progress Report Processes” guideline. Transmission Additions and Changes - Waiver of “Significant Transmission Project” Status Request As of February 18 SRP does not have any new projects seeking a waiver of “Significant Transmission Project” status. Transmission Additions and Changes – Projects Granted a Waiver of “Significant Transmission Project” Status The following transmission additions and changes have received a waiver of “Significant Transmission Project” status as of 2020. 1. Price Road Corridor 230 kV Estimated date of operation: 2021 Point of Origin Knox 230 kV Substation Point of Termination New Henshaw 230 kV Substation Length Approximately 5 miles The purpose of this project is to serve growing industrial and commercial customer loads adjacent to Price Road in Chandler, AZ.
    [Show full text]
  • PROVEMENT and POWER DISTRICT and Salt River Valley Water
    2011 WL 1821578 (U.S.) Page 1 such actions). Supreme Court of the United States. SALT RIVER PROJECT AGRICULTURAL IM- The Arizona Court of Appeals recently held that, PROVEMENT AND POWER DISTRICT and Salt when examining whether the Lower Salt River was River Valley Water Users' Association, Petitioners, navigable at statehood and thus whether the State v. acquired ownership of the streambed under the STATE OF ARIZONA, acting by and through “equal footing” doctrine, the courts must ignore the Mark Winkleman, State Land Commissioner, and effects of these pre-statehood actions by the United the Arizona State Land Department; Defenders of States. Petitioners assert that this decision conflicts Wildlife; Donald Steuter; Jerry Van Gasse; Jim with prior decisions of this Court and other state Vaaler; Arizona Navigable Stream Adjudication and federal courts and that, under those prior de- Commission; Arizona State University; City of cisions, the effects of pre-statehood federal actions Tempe; City of Phoenix; City of Mesa; Freeport must be considered when determining whether a McMoran Corporation; Maricopa County; Cemex watercourse was navigable at the time of statehood. Cement, Inc.; Gila River Indian Community; Home Builders Association of Central Arizona; and Mari- The question before this Court on this Petition is, copa County Flood Control District, Respondents. therefore: No. 10-1392. Where the United States has, prior to statehood and March 10, 2011. pursuant to the 1902 Reclamation Act, undertaken On Petition For A Writ Of Certiorari To The Ari- to dam and divert substantially the entire annual zona Court Of Appeals, Division One flows of a river to provide water for federal Re- clamation purposes, must a court applying the fed- Petition for a Writ of Certiorari eral test of “navigability” for determining a new [FN*] state's “equal footing” title take into consideration John B.
    [Show full text]
  • I Am Delighted to Be in Phoenix for a Visit with Old Friends of The
    REMARKS PREPARED FOR GILBERT G. ST1~lli COMMISSIONER OF RECIA}~TION BEFORE THE CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT ASSOCIATION PHOENIX, ARIZONA DECEMBER 9, 1975 I am delighted to be in Phoenix for a visit with old friends of the Reclamation program, and to discuss current water re~ource development activities and issues here in Arizona. Your invitation also gives me the opportunity to pay special tribute to our Arizona Projects Manager, Cl iff Pugh. As most of you know, Cl iff was in Washington last week to receive the Department of the InteriorVs highest honor--the Distinguished Service Award--for his leadership in developing solutions to. water probl ems' in the Southwest. I congratulate Cliff on this recognition. Today I want to discuss with you a number of . aspects of the Reclamation program--both of general and specific interest to your association. Overall, our budget for the current fiscal yea r i sex pe c ted to ex c e ed $6 00 mill ion. This i s an inc rea s e 0 f abo ut $95 mill ion 0 ve r the previous fiscal year. The budget for the current year is based on the philosophy that construction of on-going projects should be conducted in an orderly and efficient manner. We hope that philosophy will continue to I prevail; however"the effect of the current effort to reduce the Federal appropriation by $25 bill ion remains to be seen. An orderly construction program is highly important to water resource development in the West. Stretchouts and undue delays greatly increase administrative and overhead costs, and delay 2 beneficial returns in terms both of repayment to the U.
    [Show full text]
  • Read Jim Henness' Oral History Transcript
    Jim Henness_Transcript (1).docx Page 1 of 22 CAP Oral History Pam Stevenson (Q): I am Pam Stevenson doing the interview and today is Tuesday, August 3, 2004, and we are here in Phoenix at the SRP Studio at 27th Street and Washington. I will let you go ahead and introduce yourself, why don’t you give me your full name. Jim Henness (A): Full name, James Kelvin Henness and I’m from Pinal County, Casa Grande, Arizona. Q: Tell me when and where you were born. A: I was born in Casa Grande in November of 1936. Q: So you are a native Arizonan, when did your family come here? A: Somewhere in the late 1800’s on mother’s side and father’s side the same. Q: Did they come here for farming? A: No, one grandfather worked in the mines down at Bisbee was a driver of those multi-team ore wagons in the mines in Bisbee. And the other grandfather was in the, I guess you would call him a “haberdasher” where the San Pedro and the Gila Rivers come together a little place called Kelvin, Arizona, which was his first name Kelvin. KK Henness was his name, that’s my father anyway. Q: “Haberdasher” is? A: Well, I had a series stores, dry good stores. They were up there by Winkelman, and Hayden, and Sonoran Town and places like that. Had partner the stores were Jim Henness_Transcript (1).docx Page 2 of 22 known as “Henness-Giffin” and later the Henness sold out and came to Tempe primarily I think so the children would have better schools.
    [Show full text]
  • The Salt River Project, Arizona Operated by The' Salt River Valley Water Users' Association ROOSEVELT DAM and POWER PLANT (Latter Nearly Bidden by Cliff)
    The Salt River Project, Arizona Operated by the' Salt River Valley Water Users' Association ROOSEVELT DAM AND POWER PLANT (latter nearly bidden by cliff). Begunin1906completed1911.Additionstodam and power plant begun 1923 and completed 1924. Spillways lowered 6 ft., 1936. Type, gravity, arched form, rubble. Length over all,ft 1,125 Elevation top (coping) above sea, ft. 2,146 Height from bed rock, ft. 284 Thickness at base, ft. 184 Thickness at top, ft 16 RESERVOIR:(Spiliway Lowered 6 ft. fn 1937)Capacity, ac. ft 1,522,000 Area,acres 17,800 Length, miles 23 Drainage area, square miles 5,760 Spiliway capacity, sec.ft 150,000 POWER PLANT: Capacity H. P 24,000 Head ft 112 to 228.5 MASONRY: hi dam (1923)CLI.yds . COST: Dam and plant, 1927 $5,442,000 HORSE MESA DAM AND POWER PLANT Begun 1924Completed 1927 Additional spillway provided 1936-37. Type, variable-radius arch, concrete. Length over all, ft 784 Elevation top (coping) above sea, ft 1,920 Height from bed rock, ft. 305 Thickness at base, ft 57 Thickness at top, ft 8 RESERVOiR: Capacity, ac. ft 245,000 Area,acres 2,600 Length,miles 17 Drainage are:i, square miles 110 Spiliway capacity, sec.ft 150,000 POWER PLANT: Capacity, H. P. 43,000 Head ft 266 CONCRETE: In (lanl (1927) cu. yds. 147,357 COST: Dam and plant, 1927 $4,237,000 MORMON FLAT DAM AND POWER PLANT Dani begun1923andcompleted1925. Power plaiit begun 1925 and completed 1926. Spillway reconstruoted 1937. Type, variable-radius arch, concrete. Length, over all,ft 623 Elevation, top (coping) above sea, ft.
    [Show full text]
  • Salt River Project V. Lee, Navajo Nation Held to Waive Regulation Of
    Native American Law Watch Spring 2013 SALT RIVER PROJECT v. LEE Navajo Nation Held to Waive Regulation of Employment: The Case: The federal court for the District of Arizona has issued an important order,i ruling that the Navajo Nation waived its putative right to regulate a non-Indian employer in a 1969 lease. The Order is contrary to a previous ruling by the Navajo Supreme Court,ii and affirms that a tribal nation’s exercise of civil jurisdiction over non-Indians must comport with federal law. In 1969, Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (“SRP”) and the Navajo Nation executed a lease for an electric power plant, the Navajo Generating Station (“NGS”), located near Lake Powell in Arizona. In the lease, the Navajo Nation waived the power to “directly or indirectly regulate or attempt to regulate the . operation of” NGS. SRP agreed to give a preference in employment to Navajos. In 1985, the Navajo Nation enacted the Navajo Preference in Employment Act (“NPEA”), which requires just cause for termination and disallows other adverse employment actions. In 2004 and 2005, SRP fired two employees, and each alleged that termination was without just cause, thus in violation of the NPEA. The issues in both the federal and Navajo courts was whether the NPEA applied to NGS, and whether the Navajo Nation had waived the right to regulate employment at NGS. In 2007, the Navajo Supreme Court ruled that the waiver of regulation of NGS’s “operation” did not unmistakably include a waiver of employment, and also that the Navajo Council could not waive the right to regulate employment under Navajo Traditional Law.
    [Show full text]
  • Testimony of Thomas Buschatzke Director Arizona Department of Water Resources
    Testimony of Thomas Buschatzke Director Arizona Department of Water Resources COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER AND POWER United States Senate May 17, 2016 Chairman Lee, Ranking Member Hirono and Members of the Subcommittee: Introduction My name is Tom Buschatzke and I am the Director of the Arizona Department of Water Resources. Thank you for providing me an opportunity to present testimony on behalf of the State of Arizona regarding S. 2902, the Western Water Supply and Planning Enhancement Act. The on-going drought in the western United States demonstrates the need for Congressional action that will allow states to: (1) better plan and manage their existing water resources in a manner that creates greater certainty for water users; (2) leverage existing infrastructure to generate more water supplies; (3) manage watersheds to increase their yield; and (4) protect those watersheds from being degraded by catastrophic fire. If enacted S. 2902 will provide new tools to help achieve those four goals. Background The State of Arizona and its water users have a long history of developing water supplies and the necessary infrastructure to deploy those supplies to maximize their benefit to the citizens and businesses in our State. Sound management of those supplies has been a primary focus for our State; the arid nature of Arizona is a constant reminder of the value of every drop of water available to us. Arizona is fortunate to have a diverse portfolio of water supplies. Our State currently uses about seven million Acre-feet of water per year statewide which comes from the following sources: the Colorado River-40 percent; Groundwater-40 percent; in state rivers-17 percent; and reclaimed water reuse- 3 percent.
    [Show full text]