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Minor Research Project Sheet for Annexure-III, Point No-7 C- i) Brief objectives of the project. i) To understand the concept of the ‘Rural development’. ii) To study the contribution of the ‘Gramsabha’ in the rural development concept. iii) To study the composition and function of the Gram-Sabha. iv) To study the contribution of Gramsabha in Latur Tahsil in the rural development. v) To study the functions and the tempo of the Gramsabha. Principal Investigator Dr. Ajay Patil Annexure- III, Pertaining Point No. 7-VI Summary of Work completed Final Report of Minor Research Project ‘THE CONCEPT OF GRAMSABHA AND FACTS: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LATUR TAHSIL’ A summary of work done for the period from June 2013 to June 2015 This Project divided into seven chapters Chapter – I Introduction The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments have conferred the right on every registered voter to directly participate in Governance. The Gramsabha and Ward Sabhas are the institutionalized foundations for decentralized participatory democracy. The Gramsabha and Ward Sabha have to play a key role in rendering the Gram Panchayat transparent and directly an accountable to the people. The Grama Sabha is a means to solve people’s problems and felt needs and to decide how to use the available resources optimally in ways desired by them, to benefit the poorest in the village through direct democratic and participatory planning. The role of Gramsabha is vital in bringing good governance in the local self governments. The ground reality reveals that the way the Gramsabhas are conducted is not accordance with expectations. There appear to be several reasons for this situation. The main reasons seems to be the lack of awareness amongst the elected representatives of PRIs, Ritualistic conduct of the Gramsabha, information about the Gramsabha meeting not reaching the people well in advance, sparse attendance at the Gramsabha, and a lack of cleared understanding amongst the people about the importance and the functions of Gramsabha. The Planning Commission of India issued guidelines for preparation of decentralized district plans in a bottom-up approach during the 11th Five year plan in the month of August 2006. The guidelines clearly indicated that the village development plans should be prepared by people in a participatory mode through Gramsabhas. The Union Ministry of Panchayatiraj, in its efforts to strengthen the institution of Gramsabha and improve awareness among the citizens, requested the states to observe the year 2009-10 as the year of the Gramsabha and to organise awareness campaigns from October 2nd of 2009 to December 2nd of 2010. Article 243 (A) of the Constitution of India inserted by 73rd Constitutional amendment act describes the composition of Gramsabha and According to this Article, Gramsabha is the body consisting of all persons registered in the electoral rolls of a Gram Panchayat. The Article 243D also states that a Gramsabha possesses all the powers endowed on it by various Acts and Rules issued by the State Government. Thus the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts have provided an opportunity for the persons registered as voters in the village to directly participate in the decision making process. Gramsabhas/Ward Sabhas are the foundations to the decentralized democratic system and play a crucial role in ensuring a transparent and accountable administration by Gram panchayat. It can be said that the Gramsabha acts as a watch dog in the interest of village communities by monitoring the functioning of gram Panchayat. While the elected representatives like MPs in LokSabha, RajyaSabha MLAs in State Assemblies take policy level decisions on behalf of the people , the registered voters in the village take part in the decision relating to the development of the village in the Gramsabha with the help of Gram Panchayat and officials concerned. People below the age of 18 years are not the members of Gramsabha. Persons, those who are above 18 years and living in the village but not enrolled in the Gram Panchayat Voters list are also not the members of the Gramsabha. According to Sec 6(5) of the APPR ACT, 1994, the Panchayat Secretary should organize the Gramsabha. Gram Panchayat Sarpanch has to convene a Gramsabha meeting when either 10% members of Gramsabha or 50 persons of Gramsabha (whichever is more) submits their requisition for holding a Gramsabha However, those members have to inform the purpose for the meeting. A written request for the meeting must be handed over to the Sarpanch during office hours 5 days before the date of meeting. If the Sarpanch fails to hold the meeting on the requested date, the members who requested the meeting can themselves organize the Gramsabha meeting. Participant of Gramsabha: The following categories of people can participate in Gramsabha, Registered voters in the Gram panchayat Sarpanch of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Secretary, Ward Members,and Co- opted members of Gram Panchayat. Mandal Parishad Development Officer, Mandal Tahsildar, Village Development and Panchayati Raj Development Officer, District Panchayat Officer, Divisional Panchayat Officer, and all the village and mandal level officials working in the developmental and Welfare Departments . MPTC Members, MPP, ZPTC, Local MLA, MLC, Local MP (Rajya Sabha and Loksabha) All voluntary Organisations and Civic Right Committees within the purview of Gram Panchayat. Commissioner of Panchayat Raj, District Collector, District Panchayat Officer, and District level Officers can also attend , subject to their convenience. However, the voting rights remain with only the members of Gramsabha. The purpose, time and place of Gramsabha meeting must be intimated through a notice giving at least two days prior information. It follows that the Gramsabha can be conducted only after a proper notice of purpose, place and time of Gramsabha is issued. Government Order GO no. 367 has suggested three methods for issue of notice of Gramsabha. They are 1. Making public announcement, 2. Displaying public notice at three main places in the village, 3. Displaying the notice in the Notice Board of Gram panchayat office building. Either one of these methods should be strictly adhered to by the Gram panchayat sarpanch. Gram Panchayat shall take all possible steps to ensure greater participation of villagers in Gramsabha depending upon the circumstances prevailing in the village. Chapter – II Research Design and Review of Research Literature Second chapter explained research design and review of literature, significance of the study, objectives, and hypotheses. These points covered in research design are as follow as. Interdisciplinary Relevance: The concept of Gramsabha was ancient in India. The core responsibilities of Gram Panchayat are taken by Gramsabha on its shoulders to overcome the economical problem of India. In the rural development programme co-ordination, transparency in the administration selection of beneficiaries, emergence, of new leadership, removal of poverty, National Integrity, unemployment in the rural region, malnutrition etc. things occurs. To overcome these problems and to strengthen the democracy and Mahatma Gandhi’s concept of Gram swarajya bringing into reality, it is necessary having Gramsabha into Panchayat Raj. Objectives: The main objective behind the selection of the subject the concept of Gramsabha and the facts are following. To understand the concept of the ‘Rural development’. To study the contribution of the Gramsabha in the rural development. To study the composition and functions of Gramsabha. To study the contribution of Gramsabha in Latur Tahsils in the rural development. To Study the functions and the role of the Gramsabha. Hypothesis: The role of Gramsabha in the rural development is very crucial. The role of Gram Panchayat’s members is uninterested. The less participation of women in the Gramsabha. Gramsabha the controls the Sarpanch and the Gramsevak. Data Collection: The study is depending on primary data as well as secondary data. All data and information relating various aspects of indebtedness and other factors are collected by the principal investigator-alone. The information is collected from Latur Collector Office and Latur Tahsil. Primary data is collected through survey. Researcher has adopted observation, analytical, descriptive and comparative methodology for this paper and reliance has been placed on books, journals, and online database. Chapter – III Conceptual Framework of Gramsabha The Gramsabha (GS) is the cornerstone of the entire scheme of democratic decentralisation in India initiated through the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution. Hence, the success or failure of the Panchayati Raj system largely depends on how powerful and effective the GS is at the decentralised level to fulfil the desires and inspirations of the people. Recognizing the critical role of theGS in village economy Gandhiji had said that true democracy could not be worked by some persons sitting at the top. It had to be worked from below by the people of every village. Later on, endorsing the view of Gandhiji, Jay Prakash Narain had said: "To me Gramsabha signified village democracy. Let us not have only representative government from the village upto Delhi. In one place, at least let there be direct government, direct democracy. The relationship between Panchayat and Gramsabha should be that of Cabinet and Assembly". It is due to the importance of this institution at local level that the Year 1999-2000 has been declared as ‘Year of Gramsabha’ by the Government of India. Article 243(B) of the Constitution defines the GS as a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of the Panchayat at the village level. With regard to its powers and authority, Article 243 (A) of the Constitution says that the GS may exercise such powers and perform such functions of the village level as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide. It is in the light of this that State legislatures have endowed certain powers to this corporate body relating to the development of the village.
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