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Sand Dune Processes and Management for Flood and Coastal Defence

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Sand Dune Processes and Management for Flood and Coastal Defence PB11207-CVR.qxd 1/9/05 11:42 AM Page 1 Joint Defra/EA Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management R&D Programme Sand dune processes and management for flood and coastal defence Appendix 3.1: Site data summary sheets R&D Project Record FD1302/PR Joint Defra/EA Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management R&D Programme Sand dune processes and management for flood and coastal defence Appendix 3.1: Site data summary sheets R&D Technical Report FD1392/TR Produced: May 2007 Authors: Kenneth Pye Samantha Saye Simon Blott Statement of use This report provides a summary of research carried out to assess the significance of coastal dune systems for flood risk management in England and Wales, to document the nature of the underlying geomorphological processes involved, and to identify alternative strategies and techniques which can be used to manage coastal dunes primarily for the purposes of coastal flood defence, taking into account nature conservation interests and other uses of coastal dunes. The report considers the general effects of changes in climate and sea level on coastal dune systems, and examines the current problems and options for future management at five example sites. The report is intended to inform local engineers and other coastal managers concerned with practical dune management, and to act as stimulus for further research in this area. Dissemination status Internal: Released internally External: Released to public domain Keywords Coastal flood risk management, natural sea defences, coastal dune management Research contractor: Royal Holloway University of London, and Kenneth Pye Associates Ltd. Crowthorne Enterprise Centre, Old Wokingham Road, CROWTHORNE RG45 6AW. Tel/Fax: 01344 751610, Email: [email protected] Defra project officer: Peter Allen Williams Publishing organisation Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Flood Management Division, Ergon House, Horseferry Road London SW1P 2AL Tel: 020 7238 3000 Fax: 020 7238 6187 www.defra.gov.uk/environ/fcd ii © Crown copyright (Defra); 2007 Copyright in the typographical arrangement and design rests with the Crown. This publication (excluding the logo) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium provided that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright with the title and source of the publication specified. The views expressed in this document are not necessarily those of Defra or the Environment Agency. Its officers, servants or agents accept no liability whatsoever for any loss or damage arising from the interpretation or use of the information, or reliance on views contained herein. Published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (June 2007). Printed on material that contains a minimum of 100% recycled fibre for uncoated paper and 75% recycled fibre for coated paper. PB No. 12527 / 22 iii Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dune Database – Information Summary Site No. 1 SITE NAME: Cocklawburn to Goswick SUB-SITE NAMES: 1a: Cocklawburn Beach 1b: Cocklawburn Dunes 1c: Cheswick Links 1d: Goswick Links CELL: 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head SUB-CELL: 1a St Abb’s Head to The Tyne National Grid Reference: NU 025488 NU 075436 Area (km2): 1.60 Frontage Length (km): 6.83 Minimum Width (m): 25 Maximum Width (m): 600 Dune System Morphology: Open coast single barrier spit Dune Morphology: Foredune, Multiple shore-parallel ridges, Hummocky, Blowout in frontal & hind dunes, Sand sheet Frontal Dune Erosion/Accretion Status: Frontage Eroding (%): 30 Frontage Accreting (%): 51 Frontage Stable (%): 19 Frontage Protected (%): 0 Net Status: Variable status Reference Meteorological Station: Tynemouth; Durham Wind Regime: DP (Vector units): 2996 RDP (Vector units): 348 RDP/DP: 0.12 RDD (Degrees from north): 118 Mean Annual Rainfall (mm): 651 Mean Tidal Range (m): Berwick Springs 4.1 Neaps 2.5 Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Mean Grain Size Characteristics: Average (µm): 345 Min (µm): 259 Max (µm): 420 N: 12 Calcium Oxide: Average (%): 0.71 Min (%): 0.48 Max (%): 1.00 N: 4 CaO class: Very low Management Status: No Management Sea Defences: Stabilisation: Access: Vegetation: Flood Defence Significance: Medium Hinterland Use: Housing, Agricultural Land Use: Conservation, Golf course, Military (F) Conservation Status: NNR, AONB, Heritage Coast, SSSI, Ramsar site, SPA, SAC, GCR site, Wildlife Trust Reserve Ownership/Management: Northumberland Wildlife Trust Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dune Database – Information Summary Site No. 2 SITE NAME: Holy Island CELL: 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head SUB-CELL: 1a St Abb’s Head to The Tyne National Grid Reference: NU 092438 NU 139437 Area (km2): 2.07 Frontage Length (km): 5.15 Minimum Width (m): 100 Maximum Width (m): 725 Dune System Morphology: Open coast tombolo Dune Morphology: Foredune, Multiple shore-parallel ridges, Hummocky, Blowout in frontal & hind dunes, Sand sheet Frontal Dune Erosion/Accretion Status: Frontage Eroding (%): 9 Frontage Accreting (%): 19 Frontage Stable (%): 72 Frontage Protected (%): 0 Net Status: Net stable Reference Meteorological Station: Tynemouth; Durham Wind Regime: DP (Vector units): 2996 RDP (Vector units): 348 RDP/DP: 0.12 RDD (Degrees from north): 118 Mean Annual Rainfall (mm): 651 Mean Tidal Range (m): Holy Island Springs 4.2 Neaps 2.2 Mean Grain Size Characteristics: Average (µm): 279 Min (µm): 224 Max (µm): 491 N: 13 Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Calcium Oxide: Average (%): 0.93 Min (%): 0.69 Max (%): 1.15 N: 5 CaO class: Very low Management Status: No management Sea Defences: Stabilisation: Access: Vegetation: Flood Defence Significance: Low Hinterland Use: Agricultural Land Use: Conservation Conservation Status: NNR, AONB, Heritage Coast, SSSI, Ramsar site, SPA, SAC, GCR site Ownership/Management: English Nature Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dune Database – Information Summary Site No. 3a SITE NAME: Ross Links and Budle Bay SUB-SITE NAME: Ross Links and Budle Bay west CELL: 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head SUB-CELL: 1a St Abb’s Head to The Tyne National Grid Reference: NU 131405 NU 144360 Area (km2): 3.48 (inc. Budle Bay) Frontage Length (km): 5.28 Minimum Width (m): 100 Maximum Width (m): 1000 Dune System Morphology: Open coast multiple barrier spit Dune Morphology: Embryo dunes, Foredune, Multiple shore-parallel ridges, Blowout in frontal dune, Parabolic, Sand sheet Frontal Dune Erosion/Accretion Status: Frontage Eroding (%): 35 Frontage Accreting (%): 65 Frontage Stable (%): 0 Frontage Protected (%): 0 Net Status: Net accretion Reference Meteorological Station: Tynemouth; Durham Wind Regime: DP (Vector units): 2996 RDP (Vector units): 348 RDP/DP: 0.12 RDD (Degrees from north): 118 Mean Annual Rainfall (mm): 651 Mean Tidal Range (m): Holy Island Springs 4.2 Neaps 2.2 Mean Grain Size Characteristics: Average (µm): 285 Min (µm): 234 Max (µm): 380 N: 13 Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Calcium Oxide: Average (%): 1.29 Min (%): 0.78 Max (%): 2.31 N: 5 CaO class: Low Management Status: Sea Defences: Stabilisation: Access: Vegetation: Grazing Flood Defence Significance: Low Hinterland Use: Agricultural Land Use: Conservation, Stock grazing Conservation Status: NNR, AONB, Heritage Coast, SSSI, Ramsar site, SPA, SAC, GCR site Ownership/Management: Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dune Database – Information Summary Site No. 3b SITE NAME: Ross Links and Budle Bay SUB-SITE NAME: Budle Bay east CELL: 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head SUB-CELL: 1a St Abb’s Head to The Tyne National Grid Reference: NU 153353 NU 170359 Area (km2): 3.48 (inc. Ross Links) Frontage Length (km): 2.00 Minimum Width (m): 25 Maximum Width (m): 550 Dune System Morphology: Estuarine fringing climbing Dune Morphology: Embryo dunes, Foredune, Blowout in frontal dunes Frontal Dune Erosion/Accretion Status: Frontage Eroding (%): 13 Frontage Accreting (%): 46 Frontage Stable (%): 41 Frontage Protected (%): 0 Net Status: Variable status Reference Meteorological Station: Tynemouth; Durham Wind Regime: DP (Vector units): 2996 RDP (Vector units): 348 RDP/DP: 0.12 RDD (Degrees from north): 118 Mean Annual Rainfall (mm): 651 Mean Tidal Range (m): Holy Island Springs 4.2 Neaps 2.2 Mean Grain Size Characteristics: Average (µm): 295 Min (µm): 243 Max (µm): 324 N: 5 Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Calcium Oxide: Average (%): 1.22 Min (%): 0.70 Max (%): 1.60 N: 3 CaO class: Low Management Status: No management Sea Defences: Stabilisation: Access: Vegetation: Flood Defence Significance: None Hinterland Use: Golf course, Agricultural Land Use: Conservation Conservation Status: NNR, AONB, Heritage Coast, SSSI, Ramsar site, SPA, SAC, GCR site Ownership/Management: Coastal Sand Dunes in England and Wales: Database – Cell 1 St. Abb’s Head to Flamborough Head Coastal Sand Dune Database – Information Summary Site No. 4 SITE NAME: Bamburgh to Seahouses SUB-SITE NAMES:
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