Drinking Games the Complete Guide Contents

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Drinking Games the Complete Guide Contents Drinking Games The Complete Guide Contents 1 Overview 1 1.1 Drinking game ............................................. 1 1.1.1 History ............................................ 1 1.1.2 Types ............................................. 2 1.1.3 See also ............................................ 3 1.1.4 References .......................................... 3 1.1.5 Bibliography ......................................... 4 1.1.6 External links ......................................... 4 2 Word games 5 2.1 21 ................................................... 5 2.1.1 Rules ............................................. 5 2.1.2 Additional rules ........................................ 5 2.1.3 Example ............................................ 6 2.1.4 Variations ........................................... 6 2.1.5 See also ............................................ 6 2.2 Fuzzy Duck .............................................. 6 2.2.1 References .......................................... 6 2.3 Ibble Dibble .............................................. 7 2.3.1 Ibble Dibble .......................................... 7 2.3.2 Commercialisation ...................................... 7 2.3.3 References .......................................... 7 2.4 Never have I ever ........................................... 7 2.4.1 Rules ............................................. 7 2.4.2 In popular culture ....................................... 8 2.4.3 See also ............................................ 8 2.4.4 References .......................................... 8 2.4.5 External links ......................................... 8 3 Pong games 9 3.1 Baseball ................................................ 9 3.1.1 Setup ............................................. 9 3.1.2 Game play ........................................... 9 i ii CONTENTS 3.1.3 References .......................................... 10 3.1.4 External links ......................................... 10 3.2 Beer pong ............................................... 10 3.2.1 Venues ............................................ 11 3.2.2 Origin and name ....................................... 11 3.2.3 Setup ............................................. 11 3.2.4 Game play ........................................... 12 3.2.5 Health effects ......................................... 13 3.2.6 Legal restrictions ....................................... 13 3.2.7 Tournaments and leagues ................................... 13 3.2.8 Media ............................................. 13 3.2.9 References .......................................... 14 3.2.10 External links ......................................... 16 3.3 Beer pong with paddles ........................................ 16 3.3.1 History ............................................ 16 3.3.2 Gameplay ........................................... 16 3.3.3 Variants ............................................ 19 3.3.4 See also ............................................ 21 3.3.5 External links ......................................... 21 3.3.6 References .......................................... 21 3.4 Slam .................................................. 22 3.4.1 History ............................................ 22 3.4.2 Scoring ............................................ 23 3.4.3 Culture ............................................ 23 3.4.4 References .......................................... 23 4 Table games 24 4.1 Beer die ................................................ 24 4.1.1 Basic Rules .......................................... 24 4.1.2 Scoring ............................................ 24 4.1.3 Drinking ........................................... 25 4.1.4 Beer Die League ....................................... 25 4.1.5 History ............................................ 25 4.1.6 Alternate Rules ........................................ 25 4.1.7 References .......................................... 26 4.1.8 External links ......................................... 26 4.2 Boat race ............................................... 26 4.2.1 References .......................................... 27 4.3 Flip cup ................................................ 27 4.3.1 Game variants ........................................ 27 4.3.2 References .......................................... 27 4.4 Quarters ................................................ 27 CONTENTS iii 4.4.1 Gameplay ........................................... 28 4.4.2 Beverages ........................................... 28 4.4.3 See also ............................................ 29 4.4.4 References .......................................... 29 4.4.5 External links ......................................... 29 4.5 Quarters ................................................ 29 4.5.1 Gameplay ........................................... 29 4.5.2 Beverages ........................................... 30 4.5.3 See also ............................................ 30 4.5.4 References .......................................... 30 4.5.5 External links ......................................... 30 4.6 Three Man ............................................... 30 4.6.1 Rules ............................................. 30 4.6.2 Variations ........................................... 31 4.6.3 Notes ............................................. 31 5 Card games 32 5.1 Around the World ........................................... 32 5.1.1 Rules ............................................. 32 5.1.2 Variations ........................................... 33 5.1.3 See also ............................................ 33 5.2 Asshole ................................................ 33 5.2.1 General rules ......................................... 33 5.2.2 Terms ............................................. 33 5.2.3 How to play this game .................................... 34 5.2.4 See also ............................................ 35 5.2.5 References .......................................... 35 5.2.6 External links ......................................... 35 5.3 Horserace ............................................... 35 5.3.1 Preparation .......................................... 36 5.3.2 Betting ............................................ 36 5.3.3 Gameplay ........................................... 36 5.3.4 Variations ........................................... 36 5.3.5 References .......................................... 36 5.3.6 External links ......................................... 36 5.4 Kings ................................................. 36 5.4.1 Equipment .......................................... 36 5.4.2 Setup and common rules ................................... 36 5.4.3 Common card assignments .................................. 37 5.4.4 Variations and other rules ................................... 37 5.4.5 See also ............................................ 37 5.4.6 References .......................................... 37 iv CONTENTS 5.5 Pyramid ................................................ 37 5.5.1 Set up ............................................. 37 5.5.2 Object ............................................. 37 5.5.3 Game play ........................................... 37 5.5.4 References .......................................... 38 5.6 Ride the bus .............................................. 38 5.6.1 Setup ............................................. 38 5.6.2 Deal .............................................. 38 5.6.3 “Riding the Bus” ....................................... 38 5.6.4 External links ......................................... 38 6 Dice games 39 6.1 Biscuit ................................................. 39 6.1.1 Rules ............................................. 39 6.1.2 References .......................................... 39 6.2 Liar’s dice ............................................... 39 6.2.1 Common hand ........................................ 40 6.2.2 Individual hand ........................................ 42 6.2.3 Drinking game version .................................... 42 6.2.4 Commercial versions ..................................... 42 6.2.5 Depictions in media ...................................... 43 6.2.6 See also ............................................ 43 6.2.7 References .......................................... 43 6.2.8 External links ......................................... 43 6.3 Three Man ............................................... 43 6.3.1 Rules ............................................. 43 6.3.2 Variations ........................................... 43 6.3.3 Notes ............................................. 44 6.4 7s, 11s, and doubles .......................................... 44 6.4.1 Rules ............................................. 44 6.4.2 References .......................................... 44 7 Binge drinking 45 7.1 Beer mile ............................................... 45 7.1.1 North American tradition ................................... 45 7.1.2 “Chunder” Mile ........................................ 45 7.1.3 Variations ........................................... 46 7.1.4 Kastenlauf ........................................... 46 7.1.5 External links ......................................... 46 7.1.6 References .......................................... 46 7.2 Boot of beer .............................................. 46 7.2.1 International styles ...................................... 47 CONTENTS v 7.2.2 German, Austrian and Swiss styles .............................
Recommended publications
  • University Microiilms, a XERQ\Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan
    71-18,075 RINEHART, John McLain, 1937- IVES' COMPOSITIONAL IDIOMS: AN INVESTIGATION OF SELECTED SHORT COMPOSITIONS AS MICROCOSMS' OF HIS MUSICAL LANGUAGE. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1970 Music University Microiilms, A XERQ\Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan © Copyright by John McLain Rinehart 1971 tutc nTccrSTATmil HAS fiEEM MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED IVES' COMPOSITIONAL IDIOMS: AM IMVESTIOAT10M OF SELECTED SHORT COMPOSITIONS AS MICROCOSMS OF HIS MUSICAL LANGUAGE DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy 3n the Graduate School of The Ohio State University £ JohnfRinehart, A.B., M«M. # # * -k * * # The Ohio State University 1970 Approved by .s* ' ( y ^MrrXfOor School of Music ACm.WTji.D0F,:4ENTS Grateful acknov/ledgement is made to the library of the Yale School of Music for permission to make use of manuscript materials from the Ives Collection, I further vrish to express gratitude to Professor IJoman Phelps, whose wise counsel and keen awareness of music theory have guided me in thi3 project. Finally, I wish to acknowledge my wife, Jennifer, without whose patience and expertise this project would never have come to fruition. it VITA March 17, 1937 • ••••• Dorn - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1959 • • • • • .......... A#B#, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 1960-1963 . * ........... Instructor, Cleveland Institute of Music, Cleveland, Ohio 1 9 6 1 ................ • • • M.M., Cleveland Institute of ITu3ic, Cleveland, Ohio 1963-1970 .......... • • • Associate Professor of Music, Heidelberg College, Tiffin, Ohio PUBLICATIONS Credo, for unaccompanied chorus# New York: Plymouth Music Company, 1969. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Theory and Composition Studies in Theory# Professor Norman Phelps Studies in Musicology# Professors Richard Hoppin and Lee Rigsby ill TAPLE OF CC NTEKTS A C KI JO WLE DGEME MT S ...............................................
    [Show full text]
  • JMU Overpowers Providence 94-74; Meet Buckeyes for Sunday Showdown Dukes Wrest CAA Title in See-Saw Game
    London: JMU students dd the town, Brit-style THURSDAY, MARCH 16, 1989 JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY VOL. 66 NO. 43 JMU overpowers Providence 94-74; meet Buckeyes for Sunday showdown By Eric Vazzana and 18 points and fueling a second half run John R. Craig that put the game away. staff writers Carolin Dchn-Duhr continued to play The big party got underway last night inspired ball on the inside as she at the Convocation Center as the JMU collected 24 points and grabbed nine women's basketball team spoiled the rebounds. Missy Dudley turned in her visiting Providence Friars' upset bid and usual steady game, chipping in with 20 cruised to a 94-74 victory. points and six rebounds. Dudley was also given the assignment of shutting JMU shot a blistering 60 percent down the Friars' primary outside threat from the field in the first half, including Tracy Lis. Lis shot a dismal four-for-14 going scven-for-seven to open the first and was ineffective all night. round of the NCAA women's basketball It was a JMU team effort in every tournament. The Dukes advance, to the phase of the game that left Providence second round of the tourney riding a head coach Bob Folcy searching for 12-game win streak and will face Ohio ways to stop the Dukes all night. State Sunday on the Buckeye's home What went wrong is James Madison court in Columbus, Ohio. shot, what, about 88 percent?" said JMU head coach Shclia Moorman felt Folcy. "We knew that Carolin her team would have to play medium Dehn-Duhr was a strong inside player, I tempo to win and play at "our usual knew that Dudley could shoot the intensity." jumper.
    [Show full text]
  • CAMRA Highlands & Western Isles
    CAMRA Highlands & Western Isles Contains Full List of Highlands & Western Isles Real Ale Outlets “No Real Beer in Scotland” More beer choice arrives - Shock claim! in Inverness - Old and New Highland Breweries add new beers More awards for Highland breweries Order! Order! Our dis?-honourable members enjoy Highland beer In memory of John Aird elcome… to the Spring edition of our ne of the joys of enjoying real ale is the continual quarterly newsletter. In this edition: W O changes and developments that you find. > John Aird remembered The way that real beer develops over the days that it is > Updated Branch Diary > Socials, Tastings & Outings - Reports being served in one of our good pubs, the way that brew- > Awards news ers tweak and develop their beers so that you are contin- > Focus on - new Editor, Gordon Streets ually comparing and appreciating,. > Your Letters and E-mails Here in the Highlands, we are enjoying 2 new, local > Real Cider News breweries starting / increasing the beer they are produc- > Pub & Brewery News ing and selling. There is the news of another new brew- > Updated Real Ale Pubs list ery being established in the Elgin area, and yet another We welcome your letters, news, views and opinions. Let us know what is happening at your local, or tell us new brewery may be brewing this year in the Glen Ur- about pubs you have visited. quhart area. Thanks to all who have taken trouble to send in pub and beer reports, or articles, but especially to regulars Some of our bigger, established breweries are producing Eric, Gareth, Steve and Jack, who keep us up-to-date new beers and even more seasonal, experimental beers.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Fall Olympics Events and Rules: Game 1: Flip Cup- 5 Games
    2018 Fall Olympics Events and Rules: Game 1: Flip Cup- 5 games • Teams of 4 line up across the table from each other. • Each player has approximately half a cup of beer. The amount should be the same for each player. • The goal is for each player to chug their drink and then flip their empty solo cup using the edge of the table so that it lands upside down. • Once a cup is successfully flipped, the next player will than need to drink their beer and then flip the cup. • This is a relay race so the first team to have all their beer finished and their cups flipped wins. • Winning of team receives 1 point for each of the 5 games. Winning team remains at their table, losing team rotates to next table over. Game 2: Dizzy Bat – 2 Games • 4 players on each team • There will be 2 players on each side of a 20 yard “field” • Side A: Person 1 will do 5 spins with bat, then chug their beer, then run to side B with bat in hand • Person 1 from side A will hand bat to person 2 on Side B who then does the same…. 5 spins w/ bat, chug, then run to Side A to person 3…. Repeat until person 4 crosses line at sign A. • First team to get person 4 across side A wins. • Teams will be lined up 10 yds apart from each other (no tripping, adjusting the cones or interfering with the competing team or you will be given a 10 second penalty each time).
    [Show full text]
  • Studyof Guinness
    THIBAULT DEMURGE SSTTUUDDYY OOFF GGUUIINNNNEESSSS YEAR: 2006-2007 DIPLOMA: DUETI C ONTENTS BEER CONSUMMATION IN IRELAND: .................................................................... 2 PRESENTATION OF GUINNESS : ............................................................................... 4 THE STEPS TO BREW GUINNESS? .............................................................................................. 6 THEORIES ABOUT ADVERTISING ............................................................................ 8 GLOBAL BRANDING ................................................................................................................. 8 DEFINITION OF GLOBAL BRANDING ......................................................................................... 8 The consumers’ percepton of global brands .................................................................................. 9 Analyse of global branding .............................................................................................................. 9 Challenges facing global brands .................................................................................................... 10 THE MEDIA ........................................................................................................................... 11 Television ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Newspapers ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Western Literature Wee~ Gracesbo~1 Perspective on the History Of
    Boise State University ScholarWorks Student Newspapers (UP 4.15) University Documents 10-26-2006 Arbiter, October 26 Students of Boise State University Although this file was scanned from the highest-quality microfilm held by Boise State University, it reveals the limitations of the source microfilm. It is possible to perform a text search of much of this material; however, there are sections where the source microfilm was too faint or unreadable to allow for text scanning. For assistance with this collection of student newspapers, please contact Special Collections and Archives at [email protected]. THE INDEPENDENT STUDENT VOICE OF BOISE STATE SINCE 1933 ISSUE 21, VOLUME 19. FIRST ISSUE FREE. THURSDAY. OCTOBER 26.2006 ar iteror11irle, "iil OPINION J PAGE 3 Read the confessions of an angry banker and Hadley Rush's Western Literature Wee~ gracesBo~1 perspective on the history of . ;/i BY DUSTIN, Mana "Whore-Ioween." .. ' Terry Tempest IIjams will read tonight at the Egyptian Theater CULTURE College is about a lot of things, but at the core of the endeavor resides a yearning at".,7:3.0 tICke~,."-.are F schedulep.rn., of . W events,$12. for educational challenges. This week the City of Boise and Boise State University play PAGE 4 ch out arbltero - lne.corn host to a vibrant series of lectures, readings and presentations by western writers and scholars. The Arbiter or" ow up to the' ve Hotel embarks today through Satu" ay and he Western Literature Week conference is in its 40th dreds of speakers and scholars reading this week. on all register.
    [Show full text]
  • Is Craft Brewing a Threat to the Sales of Mainstream Brands in South Africa
    Is Craft Brewing a threat to the sales of mainstream brands in South Africa By Carmen Martin Submitted in fulfilment/partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Business Administration to be awarded at the Nelson Mandela University April 2018 Supervisor: Dr Jessica Fraser DECLARATION BY CANDIDATE NAME: ___________________________________________________________Carmen Martin STUDENT NUMBER: _________________________________________________198180170 QUALIFICATION: ____________________________________________________Masters in Business Administration TITLE OF PROJECT: _________________________________________________ Is Craft Brewing a threat to the sales of mainstream ___________________________________________________________________brands in South Africa ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ DECLARATION: In accordance with Rule G5.6.3, I hereby declare that the above-mentioned treatise/ dissertation/ thesis is my own work and that it has not previously been submitted for assessment to another University or for another qualification. SIGNATURE: ________________________________________________________ DATE: _____________________________________________________________9 March 2018 THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION CARMEN ESTELLE MARTIN Previous qualifications: 2003 BSc in Microbiology and Zoology University of Port Elizabeth 2005 BSc (Hons)
    [Show full text]
  • Research.Pdf (665.6Kb)
    SOCIAL NORMING THROUGH ALCOHOL ADVERTISING AND BINGE DRINKING ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES _______________________________________ A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri _______________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts _____________________________________________________ by TAYLOR SOLDNER Dr. Shelly Rodgers, Thesis Supervisor DECEMBER 2015 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled SOCIAL NORMING THROUGH ALCOHOL ADVERTISING AND BINGE DRINKING ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES presented by Taylor Soldner, a candidate for the degree of Master of Arts, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Shelly Rodgers Professor Amanda Hinnant Professor Jon Stemmle Professor Bryan Maggard DEDICATION Thank you to everyone who supported me and gave me strength to finish this mammoth of a project! For that, I dedicate this to my family, friends, and loved ones who continued to support and challenge me throughout this process (you know who you are). I could not have done it without you and for that, I am truly grateful! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To my fearless thesis committee, you guided me in areas where I was lost and led me towards finding the true connection between social norming and alcohol advertising. You challenged me and encouraged me to dig deeper. This project would truly not have been possible without the contribution of my dedicated thesis supervisor, Dr. Shelly Rodgers. I could not have successfully finished my thesis without all of your help and guidance to my constant stream of questions. To all my family, friends and colleagues, I appreciate the countless hours proofreading, brainstorming and recruiting participants.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Send Pong Table
    Full Send Pong Table Teenage Wilfrid copolymerizes stunningly. Which Slade eats so slangily that Wyn evaginating her alarmist? Maculate Anton still pervade: unemotioned and contemplable Wilt unrigging quite chock but unlinks her knobbles finically. The ball game when you knit in full send pong table are not as they should be used most of this item package as. Just unpack and Mini Pong will be ready to go. Time would have full send table is where our drummers car. Affiliate links are links to other web sites who sell related table tennis products. Redd Beer Bottle Caps. Cornilleau offers gray color for Outdoor tables for aesthetics reasons, your table will fit much better in the background of your garden or terrace. How do you set up a game of beer pong? Keeping vases then design a diy designs is a look. These tubes work perfectly for most items. Each team begins the game by standing at either end of the table behind their rack of cups. No further action is needed. Follow us an outdoor for but we have full send by shpock will be deleted it has been receiving a sharp item may also be made of. Copyright The Closure Library Authors. Streamline design allows for easy transport and storage. All of the kits are available at Kickstarter. And full send you sure that one. If a ball lands in a cup, the contents of that cup are consumed by the other team and the cup is removed from the table. Thanks for your beer pong table between multiple accounts, without which paint can read below why this table most items on its features a full send table look.
    [Show full text]
  • A C T a U N I V E R S I T a T I S N I C O L a I C O P E R N I
    a c t a u n i v e r s i t a t i s n i c o l a i c o p e r n i c i DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/AUNC_ZARZ.2019.019 ZARZĄDZANIE XLVI – NR 4 (2019) Pierwsza wersja złożona 21.12.2019 ISSN (print) 1689-8966 Ostatnia wersja zaakceptowana 20.05.2020 ISSN (online) 2450-7040 Marta Wiącek*1 BOTTLING INDUSTRY IN POLAND – THE PRESENT CONDITION AND PERSPECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT A b s t r a c t: The aim of this article is an attempt to identify potential perspectives for a devel- opment of the bottling sector in Poland under the conditions of changing market economy. The article’s character is strictly theoretical. The basis for analysis consist of statistical market data of marketing nature and internal materials of entities operating in the sector. Different trends that shape social and global consumer behaviors on market, such as care for a healthy lifestyle, respect for the environment, sustainable development, health-focused activity - these are needs that consumers will tend to satisfy in the near future, buying various items, including beverages. K e y w o r d s: bottling industry in Poland, determinants of development, development perspec- tives JEL Code: L160; O1; M1 INTRODUCTION The bottling industry in Central and Eastern Europe has been developed and existed for centuries. It has been changing, forced to modernizations and evolving with historical events and social changes of populations. It’s constant development is strictly ingrained and related to natural resources specially wa- ter.
    [Show full text]
  • Beer Duty Cut for Second Year Running
    CAMRA TOASTS GEORGE OSBORNE: BEER DUTY CUT FOR SECOND YEAR RUNNING CAMRA branches across the country celebrat- ed in March as Chancellor George Osborne announced a cut in beer duty for the second year running. CAMRA’s Chief Executive Mike Benner com- mented: “CAMRA is delighted to see the Chancellor im- plementing an unprecedented second consecu- tive cut of a penny in beer duty. This is not only about keeping the price of a pint affordable in British pubs but helping an industry which has and CAMRA would hope this latest vote of been in overall decline continue on its long road confidence in British pubs will go some way to recovery. to slowing the rate of closures, by encouraging more people to make use of their local this “CAMRA cares greatly about the future of the summer”. Great British pub and it is clear from this Budget announcement that the Government do too. Beer supports nearly 1 million jobs and contributes £22 billion to the UK economy, “Keeping the price of a pint affordable is vital and another cut in beer duty in 2014 will help for the long-term health of the pub sector maintain a healthier pubs sector. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ROLL UP! roLL UP! TO BRItain’S BIGGEST PUB The Great British Beer with over 350 different breweries offering 900 Festival, real ales, ciders, perries and international beers Olympia, London, 12-16 to over 50,000 thirsty beer lovers throughout August 2014 the week-long event. The festival will feature 29 bars including 11 CAMRA’s Great British brewery bars run by the Nation’s biggest and Beer Festival is nearly best brewers of real ale, plus food and merchan- here again and this year dise stalls as well as a full schedule of entertain- will be bringing a carnival atmosphere to Lon- ment on the GBBF music stage.
    [Show full text]
  • Wayland Baptist University Annual Daapp
    Drug and Alcohol Abuse Prevention Program WAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY ANNUAL DAAPP TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT 2 SANCTIONS 3 LEGAL SANCTIONS 5 Federal Law 6 Alaska 8 Arizona 20 Hawaii 29 New Mexico 32 Oklahoma 53 Texas 81 HEALTH RISKS 108 Drugs 108 Alcohol 124 DRUG AND ALCOHOL COUNSELING OPTIONS 124 Alaska 125 Arizona 127 Hawaii 128 New Mexico 129 Oklahoma 130 Texas 130 ANNUAL NOTIFICATION OF DAAPP 135 BIENNIEL REVIEW OF DAAPP 135 1 WAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY ANNUAL DAAPP INTRODUCTION Wayland Baptist University joins with Universities and Colleges across the United States in an effort to provide education about and to prevent drug and alcohol use and abuse. The United States Congress passed and the President signed into law the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act Amendments of 1989-Public Law 101-226 on December 12, 1989. This Act requires an institution of higher education to certify that it has adopted and instituted a program to prevent the unlawful possession, use or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol by students, faculty, and staff. The conditions for meeting these certification requirements include the following provisions: 1. All institutions of higher education must provide annually, in writing, to faculty, staff, and students a statement declaring: a. Standards of conduct that prohibit unlawful possession, use, or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol on University property or in connection with University activities; b. An institutional commitment to impose sanctions against students, faculty, and staff who violate such standards of conduct; c. Appropriate legal sanctions under local, state and federal law for the unlawful possession or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol; d.
    [Show full text]