III a 1 B 1 3 7.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

III a 1 B 1 3 7.Pdf SAVAP International Research for Peace & Development Search Home About Journal Editorial Board Advisory Review Board For Authors Editorial Board, Academic Research International Policy of Journal Chief Editor: Professor Dr. Muhammad Aslam Adeeb, Current Issue Professor (R) Hafiz Habib Ahmed, Pro-Rector, NCBA&E, Bhawalpur, PAKISTAN. SAVAP International, PAKISTAN. Archives Professor Dr. Chris Atkin, Professor Dr. Ugur DEMIRAY, Director of Graduate Studies and Research, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Education, Liverpool Hope Next Issue Anadolu University, Eskisehir, TURKEY. University, Liverpool, UK. Contact Professor Dr. Hong Lin, Professor Dr. Ken Kawan Soetato, Department of Computer and Waseda University, Tokyo, JAPAN. Mathematical Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, Texas, Professor Dr.Tahir Abbas, Abstracting/Indexing by: USA. Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PAKISTAN. Professor Dr. T. F. "Tim" McLaughlin, Department of Special Education, Professor Dr. Rosnani Hashim, Gonzaga University, Spokane, International Islamic University Kuala Washington, USA. Lumpur, MALAYSIA. Professor Dr. Noraini Binti Idris, Professor Dr. Osamu Aoki, Dean, Faculty of Education, Department Hokkaido University, Sapporo, JAPAN. of Mathematics and Science Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Professor Dr. Pang I. Wah, MALAYSIA. The Hong Kong Instuitute of Education, HONG KONG. Professor Dr. Ghulam Shabir, Chairman, Department of Media Studies, Professor Dr. Sinan Olkun, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankra PAKISTAN. University, TURKEY. Professor. Dr Azman Bin Che Mat, Professor Dr. Kyung-Sung Kim, Academy of Language Study, Universiti Seoul National University of Education, Teknologi Mara, Terengganu Darul Iman, SOUTH KOREA. MALAYSIA. Professor T.D.T.L. Dhanapala, Professor Dr. José António Filipe, The Open University of SRI LANKA. Institution: Instituto Universitário de Dr. Lutfi Oksuz, Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisboa, PORTUGAL. Director, Turkish Standards Institution, Professor Dr. Dimitrios Nikolaou Konya, TURKEY. Koumparoulis, Department of Economics Dr. B.K. Ravi, and Management Universidad Azteca, Chairman, Department of Communication, MEXICO. Bangalore University, INDIA. Professor Dr. Syed Asif Ali Dr. Yousef Mahmoud Yousef Hameed, Chairman, Department of Computer Associate Professor, Middle East University, Science, Sindh Madressatul Islam Amman, JORDAN. University Karachi, PAKISTAN. Dr. Naoko Suzuki, Professor Dr. Ata ATUN, Associate Professor, Center for University Near East University & SAMTAY Extension, University of Tokushima, JAPAN. Foundation Nicosia, NORTH CYPRUS. Dr. Fariba Tadayon, Professor. Dr. Badar Alam Iqbal Associate Professor, Department of Former Fulbright Visiting Professor, Chemistry, Islamic Azad University – North Claflin University, South Carolina, USA. Tehran Branch, IRAN. Dr. Abdullatif I. AL-Hussein, Dr. Alireza Jalilifar Associate Professor, Department Shariah, Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics, AL-Imam Mohamed Ibn Saud Islamic Dept. of English Language and Literature, University, Al-Hfuf, SAUDI ARABIA. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IRAN. Dr.Huda Aldulaijan, Associate Professor in Alqura'an Science& Dr. Arab Naz, Altafseer, King Faisal University, SAUDI Chairman, Department of Sociology, ARABIA. University of Malakand, PAKISTAN. Dr. T. Tammy Orunaboka, Dr. Muhammad Saeed, Associate Professor, Dept.of Human Associate Professor, Institute of Education & Kinetics & Health Education University of Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Port Harcourt, Uniport,Rivers State, PAKISTAN. NIGERIA. Dr. Jalil Khavand Kar, Dr. Sorinel CĂPUŞNEANU, Director, Zanjan Science & Technology Park- Associate Professor, Faculty of Finance IASBS, Zanjan, IRAN. and Accounting Artifex University Bucharest, ROMANIA. Dr. Md. Haider Ali Biswas, Associate Professor Mathematics, Khulna Dr. Ramel D. Tomaquin, University, Khulna, BANGLADESH, & Dean, CAS Surigao Del Sur State Electrical and Computer Engineering University, Tandag City Surigao Del Sur, Department, University of Porto, PORTUGAL. PHILIPPINES. Dr. Amic G. Ho, Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Malik, Department of Design, Technological and Impact Factor: Chairman, SAVAP International, Bright Higher Education Institute of HONG KONG. Home, PAKISTAN. Latest News 1/08/2017 ARInt Call for Papers Last date to submit papers for ARInt. September 2017 issue: 10/08/2017 more 1/08/2017 September 2017 issue will be online on September 15, 2017 more 1/08/2017 ERInt Call for Papers Last date to submit papers for ERInt. November 2017 issue: 10/10/2017 more 1/08/2017 ERInt. August 2017 issue will be online on August 15, 2017 more 1/08/2017 Invitation for Applications Last date to apply for post of Member Editorial Board/Reviewer/Assistant Editor: 31/10/2017 more Visitor Number Russian feder 12 Bangladesh 1 China 1 India 3 Indonesia 3 Malaysia 1 Pakistan 2 [email protected] [email protected] Copyright © 2011-2015 Academic Research International, SAVAP International. All right reserved. SAVAP International Research for Peace & Development Search Home About Journal Editorial Board Advisory Review Board For Authors Academic Research International ISSN: 2223-9553 Policy of Journal Academic Research International Current Issue ISSN-L:2223-9553 Online Archives ISSN:2223-9944 Print Next Issue Issue: Vol.7, Number 1, Contact January 2016 Articles Accepted: 31 Pages:324 Abstracting/Indexing by: Part-I: NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES 1. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS ON A NIGER DELTA FIELD Okologume Chinedu Wilfred, Ofesi Samuel F. Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, NIGERIA. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 1-16 2. STUDY EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT POLARITY ON THE ABSORPTION AND THE FLUORESCENCE SPECTRUM OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN LASER DYE Dr . Lazem Hassan Aboud, Sara Jawad Shoja Laser Physics Department, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, IRAQ. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 17-21 3. OPTIMIZATION OF CHEMICAL TREATMENTS OF COMBRETUM DOLICHOPETALUM FIBER FOR SUSTAINABLE APPLICATIONS Azeez T.O, Walter P. E, Onukwuli O. D and Menkiti M. C. Biomedical Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, & Chemical Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NIGERIA. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 22-29 4. AALTO AND THE MODERN(IST) MANNIERA: A CRITICAL READING OF THE MODERNISM AND AALTO AS A BAROQUE MACHINE Assoc.Prof.Dr. Emine Görgül Department of Interior Architecture, School of Architecture, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 30-39 5. A SCALE STUDY OF DETERMINANTS ABOUT FEMALE PARTICIPANTS TO THE LABOR LIFE Nuray Gökçek Karaca, Erol Karaca Faculty of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, TURKEY. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 40-50 6. GROSS ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON TESTIS AND EPIDIDYMIS AT PRE-PUBERTAL AND PUBERTAL STAGES OF TEDDY GOAT Shujat Ali Khan, Illahi Bux Kalhoro, Jameel Ahmed Gandahi, Ahmed Nawaz Tunio, Waseem Ali Vistro, Mashood Ahmed, Khalid Hussain Memon, Mehmood ul Hasan and Syed Khurram Fareed Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam; Baqai College of Veterinary Sciences, Karachi; Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, PAKISTAN. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 51-57 Impact Factor: 7. STUDIES ON THE STOCKING DENSITY OF HORMONE TREATED TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) FRY Latest News Mst. Sharmin Aktar Maghna, Md. Jahangir Alam, Seikh Razibul Islam, Please Click for Latest News Anowara Khatun, Mst. Niloy Jaman Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University; Department of Visitor Number Fisheries Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University; Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University; Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University; Department of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, BANGLADESH. Bangladesh 1 [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 58-70 Vietnam 1 United states 1 Part-II: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES Russian feder 12 8. THE EFFECT OF LEARNING STRATEGY AND WAY OF THINKING TO LEARNING OUTCOMES OF SOCIAL SCIENCE Bangladesh 1 Agus Purwowidodo China 1 State Islamic Institute Tulungagung, INDONESIA. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 71-84 9. SELF-ESTEEM AND SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS AS CORRELATES OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES Ekeke Macdonald Ibubeleye, Dr. Orluwene Goodness W., Isukwem Gideon Chidozie Department of Educational Psychology, University of Port Harcourt Rivers State, NIGERIA. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 85-92 [email protected] 10. PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE SIBLING DYADIC TRUST SCALE [email protected] Sühendan Er, Müge Çelik Örücü Primary Education Department, & Guidance and Psychological Counseling Department, Faculty of Education, TED University, Ankara, TURKEY. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 93-99 11. STUDENT ACADEMIC MOTIVATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF KHAIRPUR MIRS Abdul Karim Suhag, Raja Sohail Ahmed Larik, Altaf Ahmed Tagar, Shafique Rahman Solangi, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi, & Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mirs, PAKISTAN. [Abstract] [Full Paper] Pages 100-109 12. UNDERSTANDING AND APPLICATION OF BLOOM TAXONOMY BY SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BOTSWANA Ernest Benny Fetogang Botswana
Recommended publications
  • COLLECTING TAXES TECHNICAL NOTE Leadership in Public Financial Management II (LPFM II)
    LPFMII-15-007 COLLECTING TAXES TECHNICAL NOTE Leadership in Public Financial Management II (LPFM II) Date: June 2018 i DISCLAIMER This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States government. This publication was produced by Nathan Associates Inc. for the United States Agency for International Development CONTENTS Contents Acronyms 2 Introduction 1 Indicator Definitions and Sources 1 Tax Performance 1 Tax Administration 6 Country Notes 10 Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank CIT Corporate Income Tax CTD Collecting Taxes Database FAD Fiscal Affairs Department of the International Monetary Fund GDP Gross Domestic Product GFS Government Financial Statistics GNI Gross National Income GST Goods and Services Tax IAMTAX Integrated Assessment Model for Tax ICRG International Country Risk Guide (of the PRS Group) ICTD International Centre for Tax and Development IMF International Monetary Fund IT Information Technology LPFM II Leadership in Public Financial Management II LTU Large Taxpayer Unit ODA Official Development Assistance OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OLS Ordinary least squares (estimation technique) PFM Public financial management PIT Personal Income Tax RA-FIT Revenue Administration’s Fiscal Information Tool TADAT Tax Administration Diagnostic Assessment Tool USAID United States Agency
    [Show full text]
  • Taxation Paradigms: JOHN WEBB SUBMISSION APRIL 2009
    Taxation Paradigms: What is the East Anglian Perception? JOHN WEBB A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Bournemouth University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy SUBMISSION APRIL 2009 BOURNEMOUTH UNIVERSITY What we calf t[ie beginningis oftenthe end And to makean endis to makea beginning ?fie endis wherewe start ++++++++++++++++++ Weshall not ceasefrom exploration And the of exploring end .. Wilt to arrivewhere we started +++++++++++++++++ 7.S f: Cwt(1974,208: 209) ? fie Four Quartets,Coffected Poems, 1909-1962 London: Faderand Fader 2 Acknowledgements The path of a part time PhD is long and at times painful and is only achievablewith the continued support of family, friends and colleagues. There is only one place to start and that is my immediate family; my wife, Libby, and daughter Amy, have shown incredible patienceover the last few years and deserve my earnest thanks and admiration for their fantastic support. It is far too easy to defer researchwhilst there is pressingand important targets to be met at work. My Dean of Faculty and Head of Department have shown consistent support and, in particular over the last year my workload has been managedto allow completion. Particularthanks are reservedfor the most patientand supportiveperson - my supervisor ProfessorPhilip Hardwick.I am sure I am one of many researcherswho would not have completed without Philip - thank you. ABSTRACT Ever since the Peasant'sRevolt in 1379, collection of our taxes has been unpopular. In particular when the taxes are viewed as unfair the population have reacted in significant and even violent ways. For example the Hearth Tax of 1662, Window Tax of 1747 and the Poll tax of the 1990's have experiencedpublic rejection of these levies.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Guide to Taxes Administered by the Inland Revenue Department 2010 - 2011
    INFORMATION PAMPHLET A BRIEF GUIDE TO TAXES ADMINISTERED BY THE INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT 2010 - 2011 INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT THE GOVERNMENT OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION A BRIEF GUIDE TO TAXES ADMINISTERED BY THE INLAND REVENUE DEPARTMENT This pamphlet is issued for the general information of persons unfamiliar with the tax legislation in Hong Kong. Being a brief guide, it can only cover the subject very broadly. For further details, reference may be made to our website www.ird.gov.hk or the relevant legislation. Table of Contents Pages TAXATION IN HONG KONG 1 - 29 Profits Tax 1 - 7 The Scope of the Charge 1 - 2 The Basis of Assessment 2 Non-Residents and Agents dealing 2 - 3 with Non-Residents Exemptions and Deductions 3 - 4 Tax Incentives 5 Losses 5 - 6 Depreciation Allowances 6 Books and Records 7 Salaries Tax 7 - 14 The Scope of the Charge 7 The Basis of Assessment 7 - 8 Income of Husband and Wife 8 Deductions Allowed 8 - 10 Tax Rates 11 Examples 12 - 14 Pages Property Tax 15 The Scope of the Charge 15 The Basis of Assessment 15 Properties for Owner’s Business Use 15 Allowances 16 - 19 Personal Assessment 20 - 21 Obligations of Taxpayers (Salaries, Profits & Property Tax) 22 under the IRO Obligations of Employers under the IRO 23 Completion of Tax Return 24 Charitable Donations 24 Double Taxation 24 Collection of Taxes 25 - 26 MISCELLANEOUS LEVIES 26 - 28 Stamp Duty 26 - 27 Estate Duty 27 Betting Duty 28 Registration of Businesses 28 Hotel Accommodation Tax 28 EVASION OF TAX - A CRIMINAL OFFENCE 29 Consequence of Filing Incorrect Return 29 ADVANCE RULINGS 29 FURTHER INFORMATION 29 INFORMATION PAMPHLET TAXATION IN HONG KONG The Inland Revenue Ordinance (Chapter 112) provides for the levying of three separate direct taxes for a year of assessment which ends on 31 March.
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong Taxation
    (Revised in Jan 2021) Page 1 HKICPA Aptitude Test – Syllabuses (For Reference Only) HONG KONG TAXATION Aims This paper aims at testing candidates’ general knowledge of the principles of taxation in Hong Kong and their ability to interpret and apply the taxing statutes to practical situations. Contents Competence Activity to Develop and Indicative Required Demonstrate Competence Level 1. Hong Kong taxation system Understanding of the Distinguish* between different classifications of taxes 1 operation of the Hong Kong taxation system Describe* the characteristics of the Hong Kong 1 and the chargeability to taxation system Hong Kong income tax Describe* the sources of Hong Kong tax law and how 1 the tax statutes are interpreted Describe* the functions of different units of the Inland 1 Revenue Department Describe* the appointment and powers of the 2 Commissioner of Inland Revenue Describe* the structure, powers and functions of the 2 Board of Inland Revenue Describe* the structure, powers and functions of the 2 Board of Review Describe* and distinguish the scope of charge of 2 different sources of income tax: - property tax - salaries tax - profits tax 2. Property tax Understanding of the Identify* the persons and properties chargeable to 1 computation of property property tax tax liabilities of owners of land/buildings situated in Compute* the assessable value and net assessable 3 Hong Kong value Explain* the treatment of the irrecoverable 3 consideration …/to be continued P:\E&T\1. Registration Team_HK\AT\Past Record\Syllabus
    [Show full text]
  • Tax Compliance Costs of Bumiputera Small and Medium Enterprises in Northern Malaysia
    IJMS 15 (1), 21-42 (2008) TAX COMPLIANCE COSTS OF BUMIPUTERA y SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN NORTHERN MALAYSIA m . HAFIZAH ABDUL MANSOR Faculty of Accountancy u Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor MUSTAFA MOHD HANEFAH d Fakulti Ekonomi dan Muamalat Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia e . ABSTRACT m This paper explores and measures the level of tax compliance costs among Bumiputera small and medium enterprises in the Northern Region of Malaysia for the year of assessment 2003. The findings revealed that the u tax compliance costs have a significant relationship with the paid up capital (size of enterprises). Overall, the tax compliance cost of Bumiputera small u and medium enterprises was RM880,110 for the assessment year 2003. Furthermore tax compliance cost of smaller Bumiputera enterprises amounted to RM413,670 while the larger Bumiputera enterprises was RM466,440. The average tax compliance cost is RM22,003. Most of the large Bumiputera s enterprises incurred more external tax compliance costs than internal compliance costs (62.34%) compared to the smaller Bumiputera enterprises (37.66%). In contrast, the smaller Bumiputera enterprises incurred more m internal tax compliance costs of about 83% as compared to external tax j compliance costs (17%). The results also indicated that small Bumiputera i enterprises have a higher percentage of tax compliance costs based on tax revenue, which is 2.57 times more compared to large Bumiputera enterprises, . which amounted to only 0.46 times. w ABSTRAK Kajian ini mengumpul dan mengukur tahap kos pematuhan dalam kalangan w Industri Kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) Bumiputera dalam kawasan utara Malaysia untuk tahun taksiran 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • A Global Compendium and Meta-Analysis of Property Tax Systems
    A Global Compendium and Meta-Analysis of Property Tax Systems Richard Almy © 2013 Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Working Paper The findings and conclusions of this Working Paper reflect the views of the author(s) and have not been subject to a detailed review by the staff of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Contact the Lincoln Institute with questions or requests for permission to reprint this paper. [email protected] Lincoln Institute Product Code: WP14RA1 Abstract This report is a global compendium of significant features of systems for recurrently taxing land and buildings. It is based on works in English, many of which were published by the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Its aim is to provide researchers and practitioners with useful infor- mation about these sources and with facts and patterns of system features, revenue statistics, and other data. It reports on systems in 187 countries (twenty-nine countries do not have such taxes; the situation in four countries is unclear). Accompanying the report are an Excel workbook and copies of the works cited when available in digital form. Keywords: Tax on property, recurrent tax on immovable property, property tax, real estate tax, real property tax, land tax, building tax, rates. About the Author Richard Almy is a partner in Almy, Gloudemans, Jacobs & Denne, a US-based consulting firm that works exclusively in property tax administration, chiefly for governments and related insti- tutions. Mr. Almy began his career as an appraiser with the Detroit, Michigan, Board of Asses- sors. Later he served as research director and executive director of the International Association of Assessing Officers (IAAO).
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong Policy Series Discussing the Potential Future Impact of the OECD’S BEPS 2.0 Initiatives on Fiscal Policy in Hong Kong
    Hong Kong Policy Series Discussing the potential future impact of the OECD’s BEPS 2.0 initiatives on Fiscal Policy in Hong Kong © 2020 KPMG Tax Services Limited, a Hong Kong limited liability company and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Printed in Hong Kong, China. The KPMG name and logo are registered trademarks or trademarks of KPMG International. Dating back to 2012, the OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (“BEPS”) programme has set out to counteract the perceived inefficiencies in the traditional system of international taxation, particularly when applied to multinational corporations (MNCs) operating within the digital economy. The first iteration of BEPS (now referred to as “BEPS 1.0”) produced 15 Action Points that were released during 2015 and have since been implemented to varying degrees by jurisdictions across the globe. These BEPS 1.0 Action Points focused on increasing transparency within the system of international taxation and updating the approach to transfer pricing, principally through recognition of the importance of economic substance and the appropriate reward of activities that lead to value creation. In Hong Kong these principles, in particular a formal transfer pricing policy, have been implemented in The OECD’s measures 2018 through new legislation locally referred to as the “BEPS Bill”. designed to address global tax inefficiencies “ In the meantime, the international tax landscape has continued to evolve. In May with respect to the 2019, the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS agreed a Programme of digitalized economy are Work for Addressing the Tax Challenges of the Digitalization of the Economy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Proposed Relaxation of Deduction of Foreign Taxes for Profits Tax Purpose
    News Flash Hong Kong Tax The proposed relaxation of deduction of foreign taxes for profits tax purpose March 19, 2021 Issue 2 In brief The Inland Revenue (Amendment) (Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill 20211 (the Bill) was gazetted on March 19, 2021. The Bill, among other things, seeks to amend the Inland Revenue Ordinance (IRO) to enhance the deduction of foreign taxes for profits tax purposes as a means for relieving double taxation in Hong Kong. Upon enactment of the Bill, the revised rules on foreign tax deduction will take effect from the year of assessment 2021/22. This News Flash focuses on the proposed revised rules for foreign tax deduction in Hong Kong. For other matters addressed in the Bill, namely the tax treatment for amalgamation of companies under the court-free procedures, the tax treatment for transfer or succession of specified assets under certain circumstances and the statutory framework for furnishing of tax returns (including e-filing of profits tax returns), please refer to our upcoming Hong Kong Tax News Flashes, April 2021, Issue 3 and 4. In detail Foreign tax deduction rules in Hong Kong The existing rules and practice The Inland Revenue Department (IRD) revised the Departmental Interpretation and Practice Notes No. 28 – Deduction of Foreign Taxes (revised DIPN 28) in July 20192. Based on the revised DIPN 28, the following rules apply for deduction of foreign taxes for profits tax purposes: • foreign taxes paid on profits or income, including withholding taxes (WHT) on royalties, licensing fees and service fees, are not deductible under section 16(1) of the IRO; • foreign taxes paid (by either a Hong Kong or non-Hong Kong resident person) on specified interest, gains and profits3 are deductible under section 16(1)(c) of the IRO, provided that they are paid in a jurisdiction which does not have a double taxation agreement (DTA) in force with Hong Kong (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Tax Compliance Costs of Flemish Smes: Magnitude and Determinants
    Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 2011, volume 29, pages 605 ^ 621 doi:10.1068/c10177b View metadata,A survey citation ofand taxsimilar compliance papers at core.ac.uk costs of Flemish SMEs: brought to you by CORE magnitude and determinants provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Bilitis Schoonjans, Philippe Van Cauwenbergeô, Catherine Reekmans, Gudrun Simoens Department of Accountancy and Corporate Finance, Ghent University, Kuiperskaai 55/E, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received 18 October 2010; in revised form 3 February 2011 Abstract. This study presents survey evidence on the magnitude and determinants of tax compliance costs in Flemish small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Data were obtained from an Internet question- naire among members of a professional network of Flemish entrepreneurs, called VOKA. Analyzing a sample of 151 Flemish SMEs, we find that the tax compliance costsöexceeding over 7% of gross added valueöare relatively high. Value-added tax, labor taxes, and corporate taxes are the main components of tax compliance costs. In addition, our evidence confirms the regressivity hypothesis, according to which smaller companies face relatively higher compliance costs. Furthermore, industry, age, and the proportion of blue-collar workers prove to be determining factors of relative compliance costs. Our study concludes by formulating a number of policy recommendations that might contribute to lower compliance costs. 1 Introduction Researchers and practitioners interested in the tax burdens of companies almost exclusively focus on direct tax costs (eg, Slemrod, 2004; Vandenbussche et al, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • A STUDY of CORPORATE TAX PLANNING ACTIVITIES in HONG KONG by KO }{Wok-WAI & WONG MAN-FAI MBA PROJECT REPORT Presented To
    A STUDY OF CORPORATE TAX PLANNING ACTIVITIES IN HONG KONG by KO }{wOK-WAI & WONG MAN-FAI MBA PROJECT REPORT Presented to The Graduate School In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THREE-YEAR MBA PROGRAMME THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG May 1992 Advisor C) 348215 ii ABSTRACT The purpose of this report is to provide a review of corporation tax planning activities in Hong Kong, including the general environment affecting the attitudes and the potential future orientation. Based on the comments of tax consultants in the Honq Konq tax field, six major key tax planninq techniques are identified. i.e'. (1) sourcing the profit of Honq Konq Company offshore; (2) structurinq receipts to be of capital nature; (3) increasinq allowable deductions; (4) deferrinq payment of tax; (5) diversion and extraction of income; (6) treaty shopping. A review of the tax authority's policy towards tax planning reveals the following philosophies and characteristics: (1) limited anti-avoidance legislation; (2) simple tax system; (3) to preserve the existing simple taxation system. The tax authorities will only interfere and eliminate specific tax-avoidance schemes when these schemes have attracted public attention which creates pressure to the tax authorities to close the loopholes immediately. However, corporate management's attitude towards tax ' planning activi ties is changing throughout the last two iii decades from a passive to an active role following the development of the tax advisory professional during the period. An analysis over the tax pattern of the thirty-three Hang Seng Index consti tution stocks was carried out wi th an objective to identify those major tax planning players and their normal practice to support our previous findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Hong Kong Companies | Zetland Fiduciary Group
    HONG KONG • SHANGHAI • BEIJING • SINGAPORE • LONDON www.zetland.biz GUIDE TO HONG KONG COMPANIES © Zetland Fiduciary Group Limited. All Rights Reserved. Page 1/11 HONG KONG • SHANGHAI • BEIJING • SINGAPORE • LONDON www.zetland.biz GUIDE TO HONG KONG COMPANIES HONG KONG AS AN OFFSHORE CENTRE Hong Kong is situated at the south-eastern tip of the mainland of China, covering a legal system is effective and the courts are relatively efficient. Hong Kong is well total area of just under 1,100 square kilometres including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon populated with law firms including a number of major firms from the United Kingdom, and the New Territories, as well as 235 outlying islands. Australia, Canada and the USA. The legal system is now bilingual with English and Cantonese but English prevails. The Hong Kong government has generally adopted a Hong Kong is Zetland’s home and business base. Although not commonly thought of positive non-intervention policy and in general makes no distinction between local and as an offshore financial centre, Hong Kong offers significant tax advantages including foreign companies. Since October 1983, the Hong Kong Dollar has been pegged to low rates of taxation and a simple tax regime. the US Dollar at the rate of HK$7.8 to US$1 and there are no controls over foreign exchange or the remittance of funds. Background Hong Kong acts as a regional business centre in Asia with well established Hong Kong was established as a British colony in 1841 and under the terms of the commercial links to most Asian countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Cigarette Tax Scorecard Suggested Citation: Chaloupka, F., Drope, J., Siu, E., Vulovic, V., Stoklosa, M., Mirza, M., Rodriguez- Iglesias, G., & Lee, H
    Tobacconomics Cigarette Tax Scorecard Suggested Citation: Chaloupka, F., Drope, J., Siu, E., Vulovic, V., Stoklosa, M., Mirza, M., Rodriguez- Iglesias, G., & Lee, H. Tobacconomics cigarette tax scorecard. Chicago, IL: Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, 2020. www.tobacconomics.org Authors: This report was written by the Tobacconomics team: Frank Chaloupka, PhD; Jeff Drope, PhD; Erika Siu, JD LLM; Violeta Vulovic, PhD; Michal Stoklosa, PhD; Maryam Mirza, PhD; Germán Rodriguez-Iglesias, MSc; and Hye Myung Lee, MPH. Peer Reviewers: The report was peer reviewed by Evan Blecher, Economist, Fiscal Policies for Health (TAX), Health Promotion Department, World Health Organization; Alan Fuchs Tarlovsky, Senior Economist, Poverty and Equity Global Practice, The World Bank, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez Icaza, Consultant, Poverty and Equity Global Practice, The World Bank; Rijo M. John, Adjunct Professor, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi; Nigar Nargis, Scientific Director, Tobacco Control Policy Research, American Cancer Society; Guillermo Paraje, Professor of Economics, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez; Anne-Marie Perucic, Economist, Fiscal Policies for Health (TAX), Health Promotion Department, World Health Organization; Maxime Roche, International Consultant, Pan American Health Organization; Rosa Carolina Sandoval, Regional Advisor, Tobacco Control, Pan American Health Organization; Francis Thompson, Tobacco Control Advisor, HealthBridge Foundation of Canada; and Professor Corné van Walbeek, Director of the Research Unit on the Economics of Excisable Products, School of Economics, University of Cape Town. About Tobacconomics: Tobacconomics is a collaboration of leading researchers who have been studying the economics of tobacco control policy for nearly 30 years. The team is dedicated to helping researchers, advocates, and policy makers access the latest and best research about what’s working— or not working—to curb tobacco consumption and its economic impacts.
    [Show full text]