GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY of IMPACT of CLIMATE CHANGE ONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY INANDHRA PRADESH Ref No
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GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY INANDHRA PRADESH Ref No. F 41 – 1060 / 2012 (SR) Dated 08/08/2012 FINAL REPORT OF UGC SPONSORED MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECT University Grants Commission New Delhi Principal Investigator: Prof. A.V.SHASHIKALA PROF. A.V. SHASHIKALA DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY & GEOINFORMATICS OSMANIA UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD 2015 IN BRIEF Weather and Climate are the most important factors affecting the Agriculture. As agriculture gets affected so the productivity. Hence thereof researches, experiments and finding alternative solutions are required. Sometimes we need to change the usual practice in order to meet the demand and to cope with the changed environment. Here the case GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF study describes... IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PROF. A. V. SHASHIKALA M. A., M. Phil, PhD. PRODUCTIVITY DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY OSMANIA UNIVERSITY A Case Study of Andhra Pradesh HYDERABAD. PREFACE Climates have changed in the past and will continue to change over in the future.Along with crustal evolution of the earth surface, climatic changes were bound to be evidenced due to cumulative impact of terrestrial and extra-terrestrial forces.Eustatic and isostatic impacts of such changes were always felt on the vast geo processes and subsequently on the land use systems.However, in the present anthropogene period particularly in the last few decades the global climatic changes due to human centric activities has become an issue of concern, because of its impact on intensity of temperature and rainfall variations, sea level changes, frequency increase in extreme climatic events like floods and droughts. All these would definitely have a long-lasting impact on human livelihoods and food security. IPCC has been making vast efforts to understand the causes and consequences of global climatic changes. The study of such climatic variations in a climatically vulnerable region becomes interesting as it would have direct impact on agrarian economy.Most of Indian peninsula being a rainfed region, the study of rainfall variability assumes significant importance, especially in sensible Agroclimatic Zones. The present study on “Geographical Study of Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Productivity in Andhra Pradesh” is an attempt to dwell into the above-mentioned theme with a thrust on rainfall and temperature variations in select districts of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana state.With apt and appropriate statistical tools, it is proved that rainfall variability does have an impact on GDP and agricultural production.The author places on record her gratefulness to UGC for funding the successful completion of this two years project. Dr. S. Padmaja Prof. Emeritus Dept. of Geography Osmania University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the outset I wish to place on record my deep sense of reverence and gratitude to the Secretary, University Grants Commission, for sanctioning the major research project entitled, “Geographical Study of Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Productivity in Andhra Pradesh” and to carryout investigation under my supervision as Principal Investigator. I am also thankful to the Dean, Development UGC Unit, Osmania University for giving administrative support. I also extend my vote of thanks to the Head of the Department, Geography, for extending necessary facilities and co-operation to carry out my research project successfully. I extend my heartfelt thanks to Prof. S. Padmaja – Dept. of Geography, Prof. Kalpana Markandey - Dept. of Geography, Dr. Narayan Reddy - Dept. of Geography, Prof. C. Jayalakshmi - Dept. of Statistics and Dr. Sudha Menon for devoting their precious time in offering their valuable suggestions and guidance. I offer my thanks to the concerned Officers in Charge of Various Government Departments and various Government Offices who were kind enough in providing all necessary information and Spatial as well as Non-spatial data required for accomplishing the project. I offer my compliments to the research scholar Mr. M. Ramesh, M. Sc. for working in the project. Lastly, I wish to make a mention of Mr. Biswabandan Satpathy a student of the department for offering his voluntary services in processing the data and for showing keen interest in participating in the discussions. I wish him a very bright and prosperous career with all his academic brilliance. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR PROF. A. V. SHASHIKALA TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. Preface 2. Acknowledgement 3. List of Figures 4. List of Tables 5. Chapter-I : Introduction 6. Chapter-II : Land Use/ Land Cover Analysis of Study Area 7. Chapter-III : Climatic Dynamics 8. Chapter-IV : Impact of Rainfall on Crop Yield 9. Chapter-V : Conclusion 10. References 11. Utilization Certificates LIST OF FIGURES FIG. NO. TITLE 1 NINE AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF UNDIVIDED ANDHRA PRADESH 2 SELECTED DISTRICTS OF ANDHRAPRADESH 2 (A) SELECTED MANDALS IN KHAMMAM DISTRICT 2 (B) SELECTED MANDALS IN MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT 2 (C) SELECTED MANDALS IN NALGONDA DISTRICT 2 (D) SELECTED MANDALS IN WARANGAL DISTRICT 2 (E) SELECTED MANDALS IN GUNTUR DISTRICT 2 (F) SELECTED MANDALS IN KRISHNA DISTRICT 2 (G) SELECTED MANDALS IN ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT 2 (H) SELECTED MANDALS IN KURNOOL DISTRICT 3 KHAMMAM DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 4 MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 5 NALGONDA DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 6 (A) WARANGAL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 6 (B) WARANGAL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 6 (C) WARANGAL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 7 GUNTUR DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 8 KRISHNA DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 9 (A) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 9 (B) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 9 (C) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 10 (A) KURNOOL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 10 (B) KURNOOL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDAL 10 (C) KURNOOL DISTRICT- LAND USE/LAND COVER OF SELECTED MANDALS 11 (A) KHAMMAM DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 11 (B) KHAMMAM DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 11 (C) KHAMMAM DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 12 (A) MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 12 (B) MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 12 (C) MAHABUBNAGAR DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 13 (A) NALGONDA DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 13 (B) NALGONDA DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 13 (C) NALGONDA DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 14 (A) WARANGAL DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 14 (B) WARANGAL DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 14 (C) WARANGAL DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 15 (A) GUNTUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 15 (B) GUNTUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 15 (C) GUNTUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 16 (A) KRISHNA DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 16 (B) KRISHNA DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 16 (C) KRISHNA DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 17 (A) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 17 (B) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 17 (C) ANANTHAPUR DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL 18 (A) KURNOOL DISTRICT- AVERAGE SOUTH-WEST MONSOON RAINFALL 18 (B) KURNOOL DISTRICT- AVERAGE NORTH-EAST MONSOON RAINFALL 18 (C) KURNOOL DISTRICT- AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DEVIATION OF RAINFALL LIST OF TABLES TABLE TITLE No. 1.1 Projected Climate Change During Present Century Over India 1.2 Agro-Climatic Zones of Andhra Pradesh and Their Characteristics 1.3 Selected Districts and Mandals with their Agro-Climatic Zones 2.1 Land Use/Land Cover of Bonakal Mandal In Khammam District 2.2 Land Use/Land Cover of Chintakani Mandal In Khammam District 2.3 Land Use/Land Cover of Madhira Mandal In Khammam District 2.4 Land Use/Land Cover of Mudigonda Mandal In Khammam District 2.5 Land Use/Land Cover of Nelakondapalle Mandal In Khammam District 2.6 Land Use/Land Cover of Wyra Mandal In Khammam District 2.7 Land Use/Land Cover of Alampur Mandal In Mahabubnagar District 2.8 Land Use/Land Cover of Itikyal Mandal In Mahabubnagar District 2.9 Land Use/Land Cover of Manopadu Mandal In Mahabubnagar District 2.10 Land Use/Land Cover of Pebbair Mandal In Mahabubnagar District 2.11 Land Use/Land Cover of Waddepalle Mandal In Mahabubnagar District 2.12 Land Use/Land Cover of Kodad Mandal In Nalgonda District 2.13 Land Use/Land Cover of Mothey Mandal In Nalgonda District 2.14 Land Use/Land Cover of Mungala Mandal In Nalgonda District 2.15 Land Use/Land Cover of Nadigudem Mandal In Nalgonda District 2.16 Land Use/Land Cover of Jangaon Mandal In Warangal District 2.17 Land Use/Land Cover of Maripeda Mandal In Warangal District 2.18 Land Use/Land Cover of Mulugu2 Mandal In Warangal District 2.19 Land Use/Land Cover of Raghunathpalle Mandal In Warangal District 2.20 Land Use/Land Cover of Bhattiprolu Mandal In Guntur District 2.21 Land Use/Land Cover of Cherukupalle Mandal In Guntur District 2.22 Land Use/Land Cover of Kollur Mandal In Guntur District 2.23 Land Use/Land Cover of Nagaram Mandal In Guntur District 2.24 Land Use/Land Cover of Repalle Mandal In Guntur District 2.25 Land Use/Land Cover of Vemur Mandal In Guntur District 2.26 Land Use/Land Cover of Chellapalle Mandal In Krishna District 2.27 Land Use/Land Cover