DOCSLIB.ORG

Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity Journal of Clinical Medicine Article Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity Athanasia Printza 1,* , Mihalis Katotomichelakis 2, Konstantinos Valsamidis 1, Symeon Metallidis 3, Periklis Panagopoulos 4, Maria Panopoulou 5, Vasilis Petrakis 4 and Jannis Constantinidis 1 1 First Otolaryngology Department, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; [email protected] (K.V.); [email protected] (J.C.) 2 Otolaryngology Department, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 387479 Alexandroupoli, Greece; [email protected] 3 First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; [email protected] 4 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 387479, Alexandroupoli, Greece; [email protected] (P.P.); [email protected] (V.P.) 5 Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 387479 Alexandroupoli, Greece; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Abstract: A significant proportion of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 report a new onset of smell or taste loss. The duration of the chemosensory impairment and predictive factors of recovery are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, temporal course and recovery predictors in patients who suffered from varying disease severity. Consecutive adult patients diagnosed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 via reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at two Citation: Printza, A.; coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Reference Hospitals were contacted to complete a survey Katotomichelakis, M.; Valsamidis, K.; reporting chemosensory loss, severity, timing and duration, nasal symptoms, smoking, allergic Metallidis, S.; Panagopoulos, P.; rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, comorbidities and COVID-19 severity. In a cross-sectional study, Panopoulou, M.; Petrakis, V.; Constantinidis, J. Smell and Taste we contacted 182 patients and 150 responded. Excluding the critically ill patients, 38% reported Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 gustatory and 41% olfactory impairment (74% severe/anosmia). Most of the patients (88%) recovered Patients and Disease Severity. J. Clin. their sense of smell by two months (median: 11.5 days; IQR: 13.3). For 23%, the olfactory loss Med. 2021, 10, 966. https://doi.org/ lasted longer than a month. There were no significant differences in the prevalence and duration of 10.3390/jcm10050966 chemosensory loss between groups of varying COVID-19 severity, and sexes (all p > 0.05). Moderate hyposmia resolved quicker than more severe loss (p = 0.04). Smell and taste loss are highly prevalent Academic Editor: Alfonso Del Cuvillo in COVID-19. Most patients recover fast, but nearly one out of ten have not recovered in two months. Received: 31 January 2021 Keywords: olfactory dysfunction; coronavirus disease-2019; COVID-19; loss of smell; anosmia; loss Accepted: 24 February 2021 of taste; post-viral; recovery; disease severity; gustatory dysfunction; chemosensory loss Published: 2 March 2021 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in 1. Introduction published maps and institutional affil- iations. Since the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak, many studies have demonstrated that a significant proportion of people who test positive for COVID-19 have a new onset of smell or taste loss [1–4]. The Centers for Disease Control and Pre- vention, the World Health Organization, and National Public Health Authorities added ‘new loss of taste or smell’ to the list of symptoms related to COVID-19. The pathogenesis Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. of anosmia related to SARS-CoV-2 has not been defined and most studies have shown This article is an open access article that COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction demonstrates distinct characteristics differ- distributed under the terms and entiating it from post-viral olfactory loss related to other viral causes [1,5]. The olfactory conditions of the Creative Commons loss is of sudden onset, usually profound, and comes early in the disease process [3,4,6,7]. Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// The duration of the smell and taste disorders in COVID-19 disease is still unclear. Many creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ studies reported a quick recovery in the majority of patients [1,8,9]. However, chronic 4.0/). symptoms after COVID-19 disease, including persisting fatigue and loss of taste and smell, J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10050966 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 966 2 of 9 have been reported by patients even several months after the onset of the disease [10,11]. The long-term recovery and the influence of the COVID-19 severity or the chemosensory dysfunction severity on the outcome are not clear. We aimed to investigate the longer-term recovery of smell and taste loss in COVID-19 patients who suffered from varying disease severity and chemosensory impairment severity. 2. Materials and Methods A telephone survey was conducted on consecutive adult patients diagnosed as being infected with SARS-CoV-2 at two COVID-19-Reference University Hospitals, in March and April 2020, in a cross-sectional study. All patients had been diagnosed via a reverse- transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). The study had ethics approval by the two institutional review boards. Three call attempts for each participant were made. All participants provided verbal consent during the interviews. Patients who were not reachable or reported that they did not recall the relevant period events were excluded. Olfactory or/and gustatory disorders before COVID-19 and cognitive disorders were also exclusion criteria. We did not collect data for the deceased patients. The patients were contacted and asked to complete a survey related to taste and smell impairment related to COVID-19 (Table1. The telephone survey content). It included questions about impairment of smell and taste, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. The patients were asked to rate the severity of every symptom on an ordinal scale with the following response options: 0: no loss/absence of the symptom; 1: mild; 2: moderate; 3: severe; 4: extremely severe. The sur- vey also included questions about the timing and duration of symptoms, smoking, history of allergic rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Demographic characteristics (sex and age) and comorbidities were also recorded. Information on severity ratings of COVID-19 was collected from the medical records. The clinical severity of COVID-19 was defined as described by WHO [12] as mild, moderate, severe, and critical. The mild disease includes symptomatic patients meeting the case definition for COVID-19 without evidence of viral pneumonia or hypoxia, moderate patients not exhibiting signs of severe pneumonia, severe patients with clinical or radiographic signs of severe pneumonia including SpO2 < 90% on room air or respiratory rate > 30 breaths/min, and critical ICU-treated patients. Table 1. The telephone survey content. During Your COVID-19 Illness 1. Did you experience loss/impairment of smell? The severity in an ordinal scale 0–4 2. Did you experience loss/impairment of taste? The severity in an ordinal scale 0–4 3. Did you experience nasal congestion/obstruction? The severity in an ordinal scale 0–4 4. Did you experience rhinorrhea? The severity in an ordinal scale 0–4 5. When did you first notice the loss of smell? Before/After diagnosis 6. Did the loss/impairment of smell resolve and when? Yes • No Days from onset 7. Did the loss/impairment of taste resolve and when? Yes • No Days from onset 8. Are you smoking? Yes • No • Ex-smoker • Electronic 9. Do you have a history of allergic rhinitis? Yes • No 10. Do you have a history of chronic rhinosinusitis? Yes • No Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics were obtained; continuous variables are ex- pressed as means with standard deviation, while categorical variables are presented as frequencies (percentages). The normality of the variables was ascertained with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk test when the number of data was more or less than 50 respectively. Differences between not normally distributed quantitative data were J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 966 3 of 9 assessed with the use of the Mann–Whitney U test for independent samples. For differences of qualitative parameters between groups, the Chi-square test was applied. For multiple comparisons between more than two groups of not normally distributed quantitative and qualitative variables, Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests were performed, respectively. No post hoc pairwise comparisons were performed. Correlations between two categorical variables were evaluated either with the use of the Chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact test (in the case of dichotomous categorical variable), and logistic regression was applied to check associations between a categorical and a continuous variable. A p value of <0.05 was considered as the statistical significance level. 3. Results We contacted 182 patients. Twenty-six were not reachable, five declined to participate, one had a history of hyposmia. The study cohort consisted of 150 patients (all Caucasian), with a mean age of 51.6 ± 16.8 (ranging from 18 to 89 years). The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics are presented in Table2. Table 2. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics. Patients, n = 150, n (%) Age, years 18–89 Mean ± SD 51.6 ± 16.8 Sex Male 93 (62) Female 57 (38) Smoking 21 (14) Allergic rhinitis 11 (7) Chronic rhinosinusitis 3 (2) Comorbidities No medical history 86 (57) Hypertension 30 (20) Diabetes 16 (11) Cardiopathy 9 (6) Covid-19 severity Mild 56 (37) Moderate 50 (33) Severe 34 (23) Critical (ICU-treated) 10 (7) Hospitalized 94 (63) n: number of patients; %: percentage, SD: standard deviation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Parosmia Due to COVID-19 Disease: a 268 Case Series
    Parosmia due to COVID-19 Disease: A 268 Case Series Rasheed Ali Rashid Tikrit University, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery/ Otolaryngology Ameer A. Alaqeedy University Of Anbar, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery/ Otolaryngology Raid M. Al-Ani ( [email protected] ) University Of Anbar, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-9630 Research Article Keywords: Parosmia, COVID-19, Quality of life, Olfactory dysfunction, Case series Posted Date: May 10th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-506359/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/15 Abstract Although parosmia is a common problem in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies assessed the demographic and clinical aspects of this debilitating symptom. We aimed to evaluate the socio-clinical characteristics and outcome of various options of treatment of individuals with parosmia due to COVID- 19 infection. The study was conducted at two main Hospitals in the Ramadi and Tikrit cities, Iraq, on patients with a chief complaint of parosmia due to COVID-19 disease. The study involved 7 months (August 2020-February 2021). Detailed demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment options with their outcome were recorded and analyzed. Out of 268 patients with parosmia, there were 197 (73.5%) females. The majority were from age group ≤ 30 years (n = 188, 70.1%), housewives (n = 150, 56%), non-smokers (n = 222, 82.8%), and associated with dysgeusia (n = 207, 77.2%) but not associated with nasal symptoms (n = 266, 99.3%).
    [Show full text]
  • Taste and Smell Disorders in Clinical Neurology
    TASTE AND SMELL DISORDERS IN CLINICAL NEUROLOGY OUTLINE A. Anatomy and Physiology of the Taste and Smell System B. Quantifying Chemosensory Disturbances C. Common Neurological and Medical Disorders causing Primary Smell Impairment with Secondary Loss of Food Flavors a. Post Traumatic Anosmia b. Medications (prescribed & over the counter) c. Alcohol Abuse d. Neurodegenerative Disorders e. Multiple Sclerosis f. Migraine g. Chronic Medical Disorders (liver and kidney disease, thyroid deficiency, Diabetes). D. Common Neurological and Medical Disorders Causing a Primary Taste disorder with usually Normal Olfactory Function. a. Medications (prescribed and over the counter), b. Toxins (smoking and Radiation Treatments) c. Chronic medical Disorders ( Liver and Kidney Disease, Hypothyroidism, GERD, Diabetes,) d. Neurological Disorders( Bell’s Palsy, Stroke, MS,) e. Intubation during an emergency or for general anesthesia. E. Abnormal Smells and Tastes (Dysosmia and Dysgeusia): Diagnosis and Treatment F. Morbidity of Smell and Taste Impairment. G. Treatment of Smell and Taste Impairment (Education, Counseling ,Changes in Food Preparation) H. Role of Smell Testing in the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders 1 BACKGROUND Disorders of taste and smell play a very important role in many neurological conditions such as; head trauma, facial and trigeminal nerve impairment, and many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson Disorders, Lewy Body Disease and Frontal Temporal Dementia. Impaired smell and taste impairs quality of life such as loss of food enjoyment, weight loss or weight gain, decreased appetite and safety concerns such as inability to smell smoke, gas, spoiled food and one’s body odor. Dysosmia and Dysgeusia are very unpleasant disorders that often accompany smell and taste impairments.
    [Show full text]
  • Smell Distortions: Prevalence, Longevity and Impact of Parosmia in a Population-Based, Longitudinal Study Spanning 10 Years
    Smell distortions: Prevalence, longevity and impact of parosmia in a population-based, longitudinal study spanning 10 years Jonas K. Olofsson*1, Fredrik Ekesten1, & Steven Nordin2 1Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. Parosmia, experiences of distorted smell sensations, is a common consequence of covid-19. The phenomenon is not well understood in terms of its impact and long-term outcomes. We examined parosmia in a population-based sample from the Betula study that was conducted in Umeå in northern Sweden (baseline data collected in 1998-2000). We used a baseline sample of 2168 individuals aged 35-90 years and with no cognitive impairment at baseline. We investigated the prevalence of parosmia and, using regression analyses, its relationship to other olfactory and cognitive variables and quality of life. Benefitting from the longitudinal study design, we also assessed the persistence of parosmia over 5 and 10 years prospectively. Parosmia was prevalent in 5% of the population (n=104) and was often co- occurring with phantosmia (“olfactory hallucinations”), but was not associated with lower self-rated overall quality of life or poor performance on olfactory or cognitive tests. For some individuals, parosmia was retained 5 years (17%) or even 10 years later (10%). Thus, parosmia is relative common in the population, and can be persistent for some individuals. This work provides rare insights into the expected impact of, and recovery from parosmia, with implications for those suffering from qualitative olfactory dysfunction following covid-19. 2 Introduction Parosmia is an olfactory disorder (OD) where odor perception is distorted and different stimuli trigger unpleasant odor sensations previously not associated with the stimuli (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Olfaction in Migraine and Its Psychiatric Comorbidities: a Narrative Review
    Olfaction in migraine and its psychiatric comorbidities: a narrative review CIRO DE LUCA1, MD, MARTINA CAFALLI2, MD, ALESSANDRA DELLA VECCHIA3, MD, SARA GORI1, MD, ALESSANDRO TESSITORE4, PHD, MARCELLO SILVESTRO4, MD, ANTONIO RUSSO*4, PHD AND FILIPPO BALDACCI1, PHD. 1Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy. 2Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy 3Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy. 4Department of Advanced Medical and Surgery Sciences, Headache Center, I Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiopathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy Received: 28th September 2020; Accepted 12th October 2020 Abstract Objective Migraine is a primary headache with a constellation of neurovegetative and sensory-related symptoms, comprehending auditory, visual, somatosensorial and olfactory dysfunctions, in both ictal and interictal phases. Olfactory phenomena in migraine patients consist in ictal osmophobia, interictal olfactory hypersensitivity and an increased sensitivity to olfactory trigger factors. However, osmophobia is not listed as an associated symptom for migraine diagnosis in ICHD-3. Design We reviewed the literature about the anatomical circuits and the clinical characteristics of olfactory phenomena in migraine patients, and highlighted also the common comorbidities with psychiatric disorders. Discussion The evidence suggests a potential role of the olfactory dysfunctions as diagnostic, prognostic and risk biomarker of migraine in clinical practice. Olfactory assessment could be useful in reducing the overlap between migraine and other primary headaches - especially the tension type one - or secondary headaches (ictal osmophobia, olfactory trigger factors), and in predicting migraine onset and its chronic transformation (ictal osmophobia).
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Olfactory Dysfunction
    Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Olfactory Dysfunction Seok Hyun Cho Hanyang Med Rev 2014;34:107-115 http://dx.doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2014.34.3.107 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea pISSN 1738-429X eISSN 2234-4446 Olfactory dysfunction is a relatively common disorder that is often under-recognized by Correspondence to: Seok Hyun Cho Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head both patients and clinicians. It occurs more frequently in older ages and men, and decreases and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University patients’ quality of life, as olfactory dysfunction may affect the emotion and memory func- Hospital, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, tions. Three main causes of olfactory dysfunction are sinonasal diseases, upper respiratory Seoul 133-792, Korea Tel: +82-2-2290-8583 viral infection, and head trauma. Olfactory dysfunction is classified quantitatively (hypos- Fax: +82-2-2293-3335 mia and anosmia) and qualitatively (parosmia and phantosmia). From a pathophysiologi- E-mail: [email protected] cal perspective, olfactory dysfunction is also classified by conductive or sensorineural types. All patients with olfactory dysfunction will need a complete history and physical examina- Received 17 April 2014 Revised 23 June 2014 tion to identify any possible or underlying causes and psychophysical olfactory tests are Accepted 3 July 2014 essential to estimate the residual olfactory function, which is the most important prognos- This is an Open Access article distributed under tic factor. CT or MRI may be adjunctively used in some indicated cases such as head trauma the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution and neurodegenerative disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Hypogeusia As the Initial Presenting Symptom of COVID-19 Lauren E Melley ‍ ‍ ,1 Eli Bress,2 Erik Polan3
    Unusual association of diseases/symptoms BMJ Case Rep: first published as 10.1136/bcr-2020-236080 on 13 May 2020. Downloaded from Case report Hypogeusia as the initial presenting symptom of COVID-19 Lauren E Melley ,1 Eli Bress,2 Erik Polan3 1Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine SUMMARY severe respiratory distress, acute cardiopulmonary Program, Philadelphia College COVID-19 is the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, arrest and death.5 Coronaviruses have previously of Osteopathic Medicine, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- been identified as a family of viruses associated with Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA CoV-2), which first arose in Wuhan, China, in December anosmia.6 Anecdotal evidence from otolaryngolo- 2Department of Otolaryngology– gists worldwide has suggested that otherwise mild Head and Neck Surgery, 2019 and has since been declared a pandemic. The Philadelphia College of clinical sequelae vary from mild, self-limiting upper cases of COVID-19 caused by the novel betacoro- Osteopathic Medicine, respiratory infection symptoms to severe respiratory navirus, SARS- CoV-2, may be significantly associ- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA distress, acute cardiopulmonary arrest and death. ated with olfactory dysfunction. 3Department of Internal Otolaryngologists around the globe have reported a We present a case of COVID-19 resulting in ICU Medicine, Philadelphia College significant number of mild or otherwise asymptomatic admission, presenting with the initial symptom of Osteopathic Medicine, patients with COVID-19 presenting with olfactory of disrupted taste and flavour perception prior to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA dysfunction. We present a case of COVID-19 resulting in respiratory involvement. The purpose of this paper intensive care unit (ICU) admission, presenting with the was to review the clinical course of SARS- CoV-2 in Correspondence to relation to the reported symptom of hyposmia and Lauren E Melley; initial symptom of disrupted taste and flavour perception lm244130@ pcom.
    [Show full text]
  • Symptoms of Diseases of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
    SymptomsSymptoms ofof DiseasesDiseases ofof thethe NoseNose andand ParanasalParanasal SinusesSinuses Prof. Dr. Samy Elwany SymptomsSymptoms List:List: Nasal obstruction. Nasal discharge: Anterior (Rhinorrhea). Posterior (Postnasal discharge). Epistaxis. Hyposmia and Anosmia. Headache. Snoring. NasalNasal ObstructionObstruction Definition : Obstruction to the nasal airway. It may be: Bilateral, unilateral, alternating, or position- dependent. Partial or complete. Continuous or intermittent. Acute, chronic or recurrent. Nasal obstruction may be: 1. Structural : due to an obstructing lesion ,e.g., adenoids or deviated nasal septum. 2. Mucosal: due to mucosal swelling amd congestion, e.g. acute rhinitis and allergy. 3. Mixed: due to a mucosal disease that caused an obstruction lesion, e.g., rhinitis complicated be polyps or hypertrophied turbinates. Causes:Causes: Almost all nasal diseases may cause nasal obstruction. Common cold is the commonest cause of nasal obstruction. Allergy is the second common cause of nasal obstruction in general, and the commonest cause of chronic or recurrent nasal obstruction . Common causes of chronic nasal obstruction in children are : allergy , rhinosinusitis, and adenoids. CausesCauses (Cont ’d):): I. Causes in Nose . II. Causes in the Sinuses . III. Causes in the Nasopharynx . CausesCauses (Cont ’d) :: A- Causes in the Nose: 1. Congenital choanal atresia. 2. Trauma, e.g. septal hematoma, foreign bodies, irritant fumes. 3. Rhinitis: i. Acute, e.g. common cold (commonest cause) ii. Chronic: a. Non-specific: hypertrophic, atrophic (primary or secondary). b. Specific (granulomata), e.g. scleroma CausesCauses (Cont ’d) :: 5. Nasal Polyps. 6. Deviated nasal septum. 7. Nasal allergy and vasomotor rhinitis. 8. Tumors: e.g. inverted papilloma or carcinoma. B. Causes in the Sinuses: 1. Acute rhinosinusitis.
    [Show full text]
  • Phantosmia - Advice for Primary Care Dept Clinical Neurosciences and ENT, NHS Lothian
    Phantosmia - advice for primary care Dept Clinical Neurosciences and ENT, NHS Lothian. Feb 2021. Phantosmia Phantosmia is the smelling of an odour that isn’t there. It is also called ‘olfactory hallucination’. Hyposmia/anosmia means reduced/loss of sense of smell. Parosmia is when people have an altered sense of smell for something that other people can smell. Key features Phantosmia is a surprisingly common reason for referral to our neurology outpatient Phantosmia is nearly always service. This was the case even before Covid-19 and we anticipate that there will be an benign increase in the problem which is why we made this factsheet. Smells are typically of something burnt, smoky, or Most people with phantosmia report it as an intermittent smell of something burnt, foul foul but can be pleasant. or unpleasant. Cigarette smoke and petrol are common but olfactory experiences can be It can follow on from loss of varied. Sometimes it can be persistent. smell and taste – e.g., after covid-19 What causes Phantosmia? There are many potential causes of phantosmia although most are ‘idiopathic’. In a population study of 2569 Swedish adults over the age of 60, 5% had this symptom. Smoky/Burnt – was the runaway “smell” in this study. Idiopathic – by far the commonest cause Structural – much rarer. Just as people can develop Charles Bonnet visual hallucinations when they can’t see, or musical hallucinations when they can’t hear, so olfactory hallucinations can occur whenever the usual olfactory pathways, either in the nose or brain, are disrupted. Should I be worried about neurological disease? The answer is ‘hardly ever’, especially if 1 in 20 people already have it.
    [Show full text]
  • Olfactory Dysfunction and Sinonasal Symptomatology in COVID-19: 3 Prevalence, Severity, Timing and Associated Characteristics 4 5 Marlene M
    Complete Manuscript Click here to access/download;Complete Manuscript;manuscript 042220 v3.docx This manuscript has been accepted for publication in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2 Olfactory dysfunction and sinonasal symptomatology in COVID-19: 3 prevalence, severity, timing and associated characteristics 4 5 Marlene M. Speth, MD, MA1, Thirza Singer-Cornelius, MD1, Michael Obere, PhD2, Isabelle 6 Gengler, MD3, Steffi J. Brockmeier, MD1, Ahmad R. Sedaghat, MD, PhD3 7 8 9 1Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohren- Krankheiten, Hals-und Gesichtschirurgie, Kantonsspital 10 Aarau, Switzerland, 2Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, 11 Switzerland, 3Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of 12 Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 13 14 15 Funding: MMS and TSC received funding from Kantonsspital Aarau, Department of 16 Otolaryngology, Funded by Research Council KSA 1410.000.128 17 18 Conflicts of Interest: None 19 20 21 Authors’ contributions: 22 MMS: designed and performed study, wrote and revised manuscript, approved final 23 manuscript. 24 TSC: designed and performed study, approved final manuscript. 25 MO: performed study, approved final manuscript. 26 IG: designed study, revised manuscript and approved final manuscript 27 SJB: designed and performed study, revised manuscript and approved final manuscript 28 ARS: conceived, designed and performed study, wrote and revised manuscript, approved 29 final manuscript. 30 31 32 Corresponding Author: 33 Ahmad R. Sedaghat, MD, PhD 34
    [Show full text]
  • Sudden Hyposmia As a Prevalent Symptom of COVID-19 Infection
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.20045393; this version posted April 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license . Sudden hyposmia as a prevalent symptom of COVID-19 infection. Rosario Marchese-Ragonaa Giancarlo Ottavianoa, Nicolai Piero a, Andrea Vianello b, Carecchio Miryamc aDepartment of Neurosciences, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy b Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. cDepartment of Neurosciences, Neurological Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy Correspondence to: Rosario Marchese-Ragonaa, MD, PhD. Department of Neurosciences, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova. Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy Tel. +39 (0)49 8218636; Fax: +39 (0)49 8213113 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently caused a pandemic that has involved Italy as the second worldwide nation in terms of infected patients and deaths. The clinical manifestation of Covid-19 ranges from asymptomatic carrier status to severe pneumonia. Asymptomatic individuals in Covid-19 are those who are carriers of the virus but do not show clinical symptoms and are able to transmit the disease in the same degree as symptomatic carriers. In order to contain contagions is of supreme importance to identify asymptomatic patients because this subpopulation is one of the main factors contributing to the spread of this disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyposmia and Dysgeusia in COVID-19 Indication to Swab Test and Clue of CNS Involvement
    RESEARCH Hyposmia and Dysgeusia in COVID-19 Indication to Swab Test and Clue of CNS Involvement Francesco Bax, MD, Carlo Tascini, MD, Mariarosaria Valente, MD, Alessandro Marini, MD, Correspondence Andrea Surcinelli, MD, Gaia Pellitteri, MD, Chiara De Carlo, MD, Valentina Gerussi, MD, and Gian Luigi Gigli, MD Dr. Bax [email protected]; Neurology: Clinical Practice April 2021 vol. 11 no. 2 e92-e96 doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001029 [email protected] Abstract Objective To evaluate the prevalence of hyposmia and dysgeusia in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in- fection and their temporal relationship with the onset of other symptoms. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of patients admitted during the month of March 2020 to the nonintensive COVID unit of Udine University Hospital on the basis of a positive swab test and/or of clinical-radiologic signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and results expressed as point estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results MORE ONLINE Of 141 patients admitted, 93 were interviewed. Hyposmia and dysgeusia were present in 58 cases (62.4%). In 22.4% of them, olfactory and gustatory impairment clearly preceded systemic COVID-19 Resources symptoms. The presence of active smoking was very limited in both groups: 8.6% in hyposmic For the latest articles, vs 2.9% in normosmic patients (odds ratio 3.2; 95% CI 0.3–28.6). Moreover, total leukocytes invited commentaries, and and neutrophils count were respectively 23% (effect estimate 1.23; 95% CI 1.06–1.42) and 29% blogs from physicians around the world (effect estimate 1.29; 95% CI 1.07–1.54) lower in the hyposmic cohort.
    [Show full text]
  • Severe Hyposmia Distinguishes Neuropathologically Confirmed Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/743856; this version posted August 22, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. Severe Hyposmia Distinguishes Neuropathologically Confirmed Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia Beach TGa*#, Adler CHb#, Zhang Nc, Serrano GEa, Sue LIa, Erika Driver-Dunckleyb, Shayamal H. Mehtab, Zamrini Ea, Sabbagh MNd, Shill HAe, Belden CMa, Shprecher DRa, Caselli RJb, Reiman EMf, Davis KJa, Long KEa, Nicholson LRa, Intorcia AJa, Glass MJa, Walker JEa, Callan Ma, Oliver JCa, Arce Ra, Gerkin RCg a) Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ b) Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ c) Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ d) Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV e) Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ f) Banner Alzheimer’s Institute, Phoenix, AZ g) School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ * Corresponding author: Thomas G. Beach, MD, PhD Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology Banner Sun Health Research Institute 10515 West Santa Fe Drive Sun City, AZ 85351 # These two authors contributed equally. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/743856; this version posted August 22, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
    [Show full text]