General Lighthouse Authorities The United Kingdom and Ireland Aids to Navigation Review 2020 to 2025 Aids to Navigation Review 2020-2025 Undertaken by the General Lighthouse Authorities: Commissioners of Irish Lights Northern Lighthouse Board Trinity House Section 1 - Index Section 1 - Index ............................................................................................................... 2 Section 2 - Introduction ..................................................................................................... 4 Section 3 – Review Process ................................................................................................. 5 3.1 Start of Review Process .......................................................................................... 5 3.2 Conduct of the 2020 Review ................................................................................... 5 3.3 Peer Review.......................................................................................................... 5 3.4 User Consultation .................................................................................................. 5 3.5 Transfers to LLAs and period of transfer ................................................................... 5 3.6 The Principles applied in determining the Navigational Requirement ............................ 5 3.7 Methodology ......................................................................................................... 6 Section 4 – Background to Review & Factors relevant to the Review ........................................ 7 4A Navigational Issues ............................................................................................... 7 4A.1 Modern Navigation ................................................................................................ 7 4A.2 e-Navigation ......................................................................................................... 7 4B Marine Traffic and Density ...................................................................................... 8 4B.1 Aquaculture .......................................................................................................... 8 4B.2 Fishing ................................................................................................................. 8 4B.3 Marine Leisure and Tourism .................................................................................... 8 4B.4 Offshore Renewable Energy Installations (OREIs) ...................................................... 8 4B.5 Routing Measures and Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) ........................................... 8 4C Technology Issues ................................................................................................. 9 4C.2 Automatic Identification System (AIS) ....................................................................10 4C.3 Virtual AIS AtoNs .................................................................................................10 4C.5 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) .................................................................................10 4D Future Developments ............................................................................................11 Section 5 – Contacts .........................................................................................................12 Section 6 - References ......................................................................................................13 Section 7 - Abbreviations...................................................................................................14 Section 8 – List of Review Areas .........................................................................................15 Section 9 – Inter-GLA Diagram covering Review Areas ..........................................................16 Navigation Review Area with GLA Contiguous Zones ..........................................................16 Section 10 – Review of Northern Lighthouse Board Areas (1 – 8) ...........................................17 Area 1 – Isle of Man, North Channel and Clyde .....................................................................17 Area 2 – Mull of Kintyre to Ardnamurchan ...........................................................................19 Area 3 – Ardnamurchan to Barra Head; Cape Wrath to the Flannan Isles .................................21 Area 4 – Scotland North Coast; Orkney Islands (excluding Pentland Firth) ...............................23 Area 5 – Pentland Firth .....................................................................................................25 Area 6 – Shetland Islands ..................................................................................................27 Area 7 – Noss Head to Rattray Head ...................................................................................29 Area 8 – Rattray Head to St Abb’s Head ..............................................................................31 Section 10 – Review of Trinity House Areas (9 – 14) .....................................................33 Area 9 – Berwick to Sizewell .........................................................................................33 Area 10 – Sizewell to Shoreham ....................................................................................35 Area 11 – Shoreham to Lyme Regis ...............................................................................37 Area 13 – Bude to Cardigan ...........................................................................................41 Area 14 – Cardigan to Silloth .........................................................................................43 Section 10– Review of Irish Lights Areas (15 -21) ................................................................45 Area 15 - Fastnet to Tuskar ...........................................................................................45 Area 16 - Tuskar to Baily ...............................................................................................46 Area 17 - Baily to St John's Point Down.........................................................................48 Area 18 - St John's Point Down To Rathlin Island ..........................................................50 Area 19 - Rathlin East to Tory Island .............................................................................52 Area 20 - Tory Island to Loop Head ...............................................................................54 Area 21 - Loop Head to Fastnet .....................................................................................56 Dinish Island Directional Hand over to LLA ........................................................................57 Section 11 –Changes made outwith the AtoN Review Process 2015-2020 ................................58 Section 12 - GLA – Navigational Risk Assessment .................................................................60 Section 13 – Flow Diagrams and Risk Assessment Forms .......................................................61 Section 14 – Definitive Lists of all Aids to Navigation .............................................................63 Section 2 - Introduction The 3 General Lighthouse Authorities (GLA); the Commissioners of Irish Lights, the Northern Lighthouse Board and Trinity House, operate an integrated aids to navigation service throughout the coastal waters of Britain and Ireland. This service is delivered to recognised standards set by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) so as to meet the responsibilities of the British and Irish Governments under the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Safety of Life at Sea Convention (SOLAS). The joint Mission Statement of the GLA is to: “To deliver a reliable, efficient and cost effective Aids to Navigation Service for the benefit and safety of all mariners.” This is the fifth 5 yearly Review whereby a formal, simultaneous and coordinated assessment of all the Aids to Navigation (AtoN) under their responsibility is undertaken by the three GLA. This Review addresses the current and anticipated future requirements for the safe passage of national and international shipping. It also addresses the requirements of other mariners, such as fishing and leisure users. The mandate of the GLA and their statutory responsibility is to provide sufficient aids to navigation to mitigate risks and protect the marine environment. The GLA work with Government, shipping interests, and other stakeholders to minimise this cost. The GLA Marine Aids to Navigation Strategy to 2030 (2030 Navigating the Future), forms the strategic foundation of this Review. Various policy considerations are contained in the GLA Joint Navigation Requirement Policies (JNRP-2012) and the Marine Navigation Plan (2016). These documents expand the strategic view. As detailed in the AtoN Review Policy document which is contained in the JNRP, it should be recognised that the nature of shipping and navigation continues to change. Consequently the AtoN infrastructure to assist safe passage requires periodic review to ensure that the AtoNs provided are appropriate. The requirement and the rate of change vary geographically depending on a number of factors. Within the GLA areas it is considered that a Strategic Plan and Operational Plan (i.e. 5 year AtoN Review) caters for the longer and short term review requirements. The principle applied is that the amount, mix and nature