CONNECTED LITHIUM MINE According to Forbes and Bloomberg, by 2040, 50% of All Car Sales Will Be Electric Models — Wiping out 13M Barrels/Day of Oil Demand

THE CONNECTED LITHIUM MINE According to Forbes and Bloomberg, by 2040, 50% of all car sales will be electric models — wiping out 13M barrels/day of oil demand. EV technologies are also projected to take over the bus market. That’s not all. Aside from electric vehicles and e-mobility applications, energy storage systems are also powering lithium growth. But with exponential growth comes pressure on the industry to deliver. Global lithium demand could outpace supply in the coming years — requiring an estimated $10B investment in mining over the next 10 years (source: SQM). A strong How can you scale up operations to meet these demand demands? We can help.

outlook for 3 50% lithium Li IN 2040 2025

16-20% 2018 CAGR

LITHIUM DEMAND EVOLUTION GLOBAL EV PASSENGER CAR SALES

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 2 PG 2 LITHIUM BUSINESS PRIORITIES

The priorities and concerns of lithium miners are not unlike those in other mining disciplines. Operating at a BUSINESS SAFETY SUSTAINABILITY QUALITY high level is always a priority, but so is OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT sustainability, worker safety and a high EXCELLENCE quality output. Keeping these priorities in sight during a project is important. And can easily be done so through innovation and technology.

INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 3 PG 2 No project is ever met without challenges Project and risks. But understanding what you could face ahead of time is the key to and design implementing the project successfully.

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 4 PG 2 Project challenges

Lithium projects are complex to manage, and often come in These challenges aren’t just in theory either. A non-standardized over-budget and off-schedule. Lack of standards for vendors project in Chile resulted in an additional $300M USD in costs due to can lead to extra engineering hours and project delays. And when unnecessary flow sheet changes. The project was delayed by eight individual pieces of the project are not properly integrated, it will months and the end result included several unplanned interfaces impact future operation and plant efficiency. from different vendors. Imagine workers trying to learn and manage ten different vendor interfaces — it just slows things down.

The involvement of multiple vendors, consultants, and internal stakeholders can lead to costly miscommunications Lithium mining project challenges

Issues during Difficult project Increased time to market Lack of vendor design and engineering management due to project delats coordination

Grey zones of responsibility

OBJECTIVE: Efficient development of new projects

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 5 PG 2 ROCKWELL AUTOMATION When it comes to managing project risk, don’t underestimate IS THE BEST PARTNER FOR the importance of early design, YOUR LITHIUM PROJECT integration and proper planning.

How do you mitigate vendor integration challenges? 4 out of 5 mining Stick with one vendor for your project implementation. Preferably, one that understands every stage of your project. projects are completed late, with budget exceeded by an average of 43% Source: McKinsey & Company

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 6 PG 2 Early vendor engagement Best-in-class lithium mining companies engage automation experts earlier in projects, leading to better system integration and a more optimized user experience WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

Detailed design up front, Guidance, standards, Coordination of machine/ Commissioning and Training and lifecycle including project and interface and project support equipment builders startup support risk management for EPCs

End user

Processing machine Engineering builders/ancillaries companies

TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP IN PROCESS CONTROL AND ANALYTICS • Medium voltage • Instrumentation • Low voltage • Network • Process automation • Information systems Early engagement in EPC design and Early engagement with procurement process main OEMs SOLUTION STANDARDIZATION AND Support of EPCs drivers Global coordination TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS and needs (engineering, specifications) OEM support for technical definitions Plant-wide integration reduces total Support with technical cost of ownership guidelines for OEM RFQs

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 7 PG 2 Operate You’ve implemented your project. Now it’s time to make sure you don’t run into and improve challenges and risks during operations.

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 8 PG 2 Unique challenges with each lithium process

Most of the lithium found today is extracted from brine reserves While it’s cost-effective, this exploration method has several (the salt-rich waters must first be pumped to the surface from challenges. Quality is everything — “battery grade” lithium wells into a series of evaporation ponds). Salar brines occur carbonate ranges between 99.2–99.5% carbonate content naturally at high altitudes — and in areas of low rainfall where solar and reduced impurities. “Technical grade,” which is commonly evaporation is a cost-effective method for precipitating salts. used in the production of glass and ceramics, is typically composed of 99% lithium. A small difference in grade can have a significant impact on price: battery grade can bring $1000– $1500 more per tonne than technical grade.

Lithium brine mining operational challenges

Environmental Profitable Variability in Impurities compliance, Energy Skilled Weather operations large scale and quality water, and brine efficiency workers extraction

Lack of end-to-end visibility

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 9 PG 2 Cost challenges There are numerous cost challenges associated with lithium carbonate too. These charts lay out just a few.

27% 50%

% CAPITAL OPERATIONAL 15 22% EXPENDITURES COSTS USD /TON Li2CO3 11% 51%

Brine Lithium Carbonate Evaporation Other Reagents Manpower Power transportation plant ponds General Salt Lithium Maintenance expenses harvesting carbonate equipment transportation

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 10 PG 2 Our solution landscape Salar brines example — Integrating power, control and information in a single system

POWER PROCESS INFORMATION

Pumping motor management Cybersecurity solutions Condition monitoring

Integrated operation center Energy • Process operations monitoring • Maintenance management • Water management • Energy management • Environmental management • Reagents consumption

Water monitoring Integrated process control and instrumentation for processing plants

Environmental monitoring Control room

Process control Digital workforce optimization (ex. dryers)

PROCESS OEMs AND EPCs PROJECT COORDINATION

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 11 PG 2 Our solution architecture Salar brines example — Integrating power, control and information in a single system

INTEGRATED OPERATION CENTER

EXTRACTION ENVIRON- PROCESS ANCILLARIES MENTAL MNGMT well monitoring pond monitoring processing systems

wireless or fiber WELL BRANCH 1 WELL BRANCH n EVAPORATION POND PROCESSING PLANT PROCESSING PLANT WATER PLANT ELECTRICAL ROOM

WEATHER STATION

Ex: salt removal Ex: lithium carbonate

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 12 PG 2 Operator-centric system A system that puts the operator first makes it easy for workers to get work done. Real-time displays of all processes, variables, alarms and trends put the most important information at the forefront. Multiple user modes support different languages and show job-specific information to each worker. Simplified graphics focus on situational awareness while the alarm-management system keeps the operator’s attention on their job.

UPHOLDING THE STANDARD FOR AUTOMATION

Real-time Multilingual Graphics Alarm display of all support, focused on management: processes, multiple simplicity/ keep the variables, user modes situational operator’s alarms, trends awareness attention on their job

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 13 PG 2 Benefits of Integrated Architecture® for lithium

END-TO-END SYSTEM INTEGRATION

Information/ Process Power Motor Field Sensors production control distribution control instruments systems

STANDARDIZATION BRINGS BENEFITS ACROSS THE MINE LIFECYCLE

PROJECT DESIGN BUILD SUSTAIN IMPROVE Design standards for Seamless connectivity Integrated systems from a Systems designed vendors save engineering between processes, single vendor are easy to with scalability in mind hours and avoid machinery and ancillaries maintain and operate. leveraging the new project delays. systems means one advancements in digital system interface. technologies.

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 14 PG 2 Digital Get the most of the digital transformation technologies for your lithium mine.

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 15 PG 2 Digital Technologies How digital technologies can help lithium operations

SIMULATION END-TO-END SYSTEM ANALYTICS DIGITAL TWIN IoT SENSORS AI and ML MOBILITY AR/VR INTEGRATION

Improving Reducing costs, Better tracking Predicting Reducing Better Better decisions process, validating of materials, failures and maintenance collaboration with supply chain quality and strategies people, increasing costs and and safer visibility and supply chain implementation consumables yield improving operations plant-to-business and water personnel visibility productivity

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 16 PG 2 Digital twin for lithium equipment and processes

EQUIPMENT PROTOTYPING Easily design and build next generation of machines with confidence ACTUAL EQUIPMENT

THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS Optimize throughput with simple, real-time 3D simulation of complex, dynamic processes

VIRTUAL COMMISSIONING Design, test, validate, and commission machines or SKUs before they are put into service

OPERATOR TRAINING Reduce risk and improve operations by training workforce in a safe, virtual environment

VIRTUAL TWIN

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 17 PG 2 The Connected Lithium Mine Aggregated information that’s available in real time informs better decisions

REMOTE MONITORING

• Metrics/KPIs Integrated operation center • Availability • Reporting/Compliance • Downtime Other applications • Environmental monitoring • OEE and third-party • Water consumption • Inventory applications • Brine extraction rate • Quality • Reinjection • Water/Energy • Weather

Supply chain Historian simulation

Embedded artificial intelligence Digital field worker Allows optimization and analytics at the operation level • Mobility and augmented reality • Standardized procedures

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 18 PG 2 Workforce of the future

Augmented reality allows you to superimpose digital information on real objects or equipment. In other words, remote collaboration made easy. • Better employee productivity • Safer operations • Remote collaboration • Expert advice 57% employee productivity/ efficiency increase with mobility

Source: Motorola/mobientech.com

The connected Project and design Operate and improve Digital technologies lithium mine PG 4 PG 8 PG 15 19 PG 2 Connect with us.

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