The Marine Zoologist, Volume 1, Number 1, 1952

Item Type monograph

Publisher Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales

Download date 08/10/2021 10:26:16

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/32585 I "THE MARINE ZOOLOGIST" •

INTRODUCTION This is the first issue of the "Marine Zoologist," a dream which has come. true at last for us, for we have desired a paper of our own for many years. We must thank the Council of the Royal Zoological Society for the ;realisation of this project and for their keen interest in our venture. Donated by . The "Marine Zoologist" is incorporated with the "Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society." The reprints of this part will then be bound under our own cover and become our own magazine. We hope that the infant will become in time so lusty that it may walk alone. In these :first hesitant steps we present to you some of the results of our field collecting and study. Most of us are interested in the various forms of conchology and malacology. The sub-editors have asked :Mrs. Woolacott, one of our senior members, to write an introductory article entitled "Outlines," which defines the fields of study which we hope to follow in future issues of this magazine. We must thank Miss Joyce Allan, Conchologist of the Australian Museum, Mr. T. Iredale, and Mr. Bernard Cotton for their support and for the articles they have so kindly promised to contribute to our magazine. (Signed) MISS G. THORNLEY, MR. D. McALPINE, Sub-Editors. BAMFIELD MARINE * STATION .OUTLINES Dr. Ian McTaggart Cowan By MRS. 1. W OOLLACOTT

It is the aim and purpose of members of the marine group of the Royal ...... I Zoological Society of New South Wales to collect marine specimens, living and deact, to study them in every manner possible, using available literature as well as observations in the field; and to publish their findings and con- clusions in this small journal once a year. . Naturally, we hope to expand considerably as the yeats go by, and, in due course, to produce a small magazine that will be of great benefit to. later students in our chosen field, especially in view of the fact that material readily available to-day may be difficult or even impossible to obtain a few years from now. Members of the Marine Section of the Royal Zoological Society are asked to contribute towards the cost of production of this journal and to pay a reasonable amount for each copy, in order that we may have blocks made and to raise funds for future publications.

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Most of the students' findings can be fairly' well conveyed by the We wish to acknowledge the fine gesture made by the Royal Zoological written word, but that is not now sufficient for the ultimate designation of Society in permitting us to include our notes and records in the Annual a particular species, and illustrations are imperative to finalise the matter Proceedings of the Society. Without this assistance and encouragement it for all time, so we find that the artist is necessary to give the :final touch would not have been possible to make a beginning for a long time to come, to all our observations. and certainly not under such favourable circumstances. Some of our members are interested in and systematics and Up to date, most of the work done has been in the molluscan fauna, have prepared and are preparing illustrated papers on these subjects. Others as the bulk of the members are shell collectors, but, as time goes on, we are interested in malacology and ecology and are studying the living hope to acquire students in other branches of marine work and so round and its ways, and recording these for future generations. One member is well out our studies to give a more comprehensive picture of the marine life of advanced in the study of our land snails from all possible aspects and has New South Wales. The main reason for selecting New South Wales as carried out some very fine experiments in breeding and in recording the our 'field of operations is obvious, as we are all members of that State, but results of special foods. I am sure that all this worthwhile work will be a greater and more significant factor is that Australia as a whole presents cariied on, and this publication will be the means of encouraging our members such a vast and bewildering number of marine species that it is quite beyond to continue to investigate, study and experiment, in the knowledge that the ability of a small group, such as this, to do justice to in a lifetime; their efforts will be appreciated and their results published. nevertheless, occasional excursions into other States will be made, from time to time, for studies of particular interest. The Australian marine fauna has suffered the fate of ~uch erroneouS nomenclature, owing, in part, to the fact that the early naturalists visiting our shores gave European names to the material collected. These names are * in constant process of alteration, and much painstaking ·and exhaustive study A SHELL THAT BUILDS A HOUSE of literature is necessary to unravel the names of some of the commonest of our sea Shells and other marine f::tuna. This study is termed taxonomy. By C. F. and J. LASEBON Taking a section of the animal kingdom, sUch as the marine molluscan fauna of any given country, or part thereof, and listing the names in the A new record for New South Wales is the extraordinary little bivalve approved scientific method, with the species name being followed: by the name Gastrochaena. When examining material brought up by the harbour dredge of the authority for such species, is termed systematics, and is a very necessary Triton from 6-9 fathoms in the West Channel of the Sow and Pigs Reef in .foundation for any subsequent study of that particular fauna. It has been said Port Jackson, our attention was attracted by small blisters on worn fragments that systematics is the lowest form' of science, but granting that there may of larger shells. When broken open each of these was seen to contain a be a modicum of truth in this assertion, it is still the Sound Rock on which small bivalve. The shell itself is undistinguished, thin, white, elongated all the rest is built. and very inequilateral, the umbones terminally placed, and the united valves gaping widely along the whole of the ventral margin. From comparison Having sound and authoritative lists of the marine creatures to be found With figures of the Tasmanian species, G. tasmanica Ten. Woods, no essential in a given area, a student may branch out from that point and take up any differences could be detected, and the New South Wales shell may be one of several interesting aspects of marine life such as (shells). tentatively taken as identical. G. tasmanica has also been recorded from He, or She, may work hard to collect every species mentioned on the list, or South Australia, but the South Australian shells have a slightly different find the greatest joy in adding entirely new species to that list. Then, again, shape'and may be a different species. ' there is the study of the living animal and all its s&ft parts; how it breathes, eats, moves and mates, and the shape and structure of all the organs. This . The main interest in Gastrochaena lies in its habit of constructing a flask study of the living animal is termed melecology, and, by a sound knowledge or house, in which the shell remains hidden throughout its life. As the size of the difference in the , many otherwise difficult problems may be of the Hask. is adapted to the size of the shell, the problem arises how the solved and a new species established or an old one discarded. flask is enlarged from the inside. There would seem to be· only one solution. Next we have investigation into the habits of the creature, its seasonal Examination of the surface of the flask with a lens shows that it is covered migration, the area in which it prefers to live, what particular association with.a number of small, rounded, bubble-like protuberances. Each of these of other marine flora or fauna is necessary to its well-being, the degree of evidently marks where the wall has been dissolved away from the inside salinity, the amount of muddy silt which it can tolerate (or even prefer), the and a small annex secreted. In this way the size of the flask increases as food on which it lives, the temperature which it can endure, the mating the shell.within grows. habits and seasons; and the type and form in which the eggs are laid. All . Further examination -shows that in the larval stage the bivalve actually these factors, and many more as well, constitute one of the most fascinating bores just below the surface into the dead shell, emerging some distance of all the studies, ecology. All collectors know that certain marine species away, where it begins to construct the Hask. A tube is thus left through are found only within a very narrow, restricted belt between high and low which the elongated siphons"protrude, and thus the animal, though apparently watermarks, sometimes a matter of a mere band of a few inches, and that it completely enclosed, is able to find microscopic life for its sustenance. would be futile to look for such species either above or below these special There is in Queensland an· allied species which shows rather a different living quarters. Other species have a limited coastal range, being found only on ~nt; habit. In this the larval Shell bores completelY'through a' piece of dead Shell a strip 200 or so miles in and yet there are other species which have and emerges always on the opposite side. The flask, instead of being covered a most remarkable range, living in New South Wales and extending through with small bubbles, is perfectly smooth, but is divided into regular segments, Queensland to Darwin, showing an adaptability of the most amazing kind. each shlJ\ving where the endof the Hask has been dissolved out, and a ,larger Many marine creatures live in deep water only, Show a very close affinity addition made. with other deep-water species many hundreds of miles apart. If all the knowledge obtained by various collectors could be competently tabulated, it Specimens of the flasks and shells have been placed in the Marine would not be long before a very comprehensive scheme of the marine ecology Section's Collection. of Australia could be worked out and published. 39 38

I NOTES ON SOME (CLASS )

By DAVID McALPINE

The commonest member of the Siphonariidae living in the YIGlmty of Sydney has been known as scabra Reeve for many years. Examination of Reeve's description and figure (Conch. Icon., Vol. lx, Siphonaria, pI. 1, fig. and sp. 2, March, 1856) shows that this is based on Quoy and Gaimard's Siphonaria diemenensis, the differences pointed out by Reeve being merely individual, 'not geographical, though races may be separated at a later date when very many series are available. Quoy and Gaimard's species, Siphonaria denticulata, was described from Western Port, Victoria (Voy. Astrolabe, Zool., vol. ii, p. 340, pI. 25, figs. 19-20, 1833) and has been confused with S. diemenensis Q. and G. (op. cit., p. 327, pI. 25, figs. 1-12, 1833) by some recent 'authors, but is a very different species. Most Victorian specimens determined as denticulata in the Australian Museum collection are not that species at all, but are diemenensis. In one case the correct name diemenensis has been crossed out and denticulata has been substituted. The true denticulata appears to be rare in Victoria except perhaps within bays. Miss E. Pope, of the Australian Museum, has kindly collected many specimens of Siphonariidae from the open coast in a number of localities in Victoria, and though always searching for. denticulata, failed to find it even at Mallacoota in the extreme east of the State. Western Port, the type locality, is much further west, but is not on the open coast. The only Victorian specimens I have seen which agree with the figure of denticulata are from Red Bluff, Gippsland, and are specifically identical with the Sydney species etroneously called scabra by Hedley and by most workers since. Angas's record of denticulata from New South Wales (Proc. Zool. /Soc., London, 1867, p. 232) must now be accepted as correct. Reeve described S. scabra as coming from Port Jackson and this localisa­ tion probably caused later workers to use his name incorrectly for the commonest species living there (Le., denticulata Quoy and Gaimard, Reeve and Angas, but not of recent authors). The true scabra, whose correct name is diemenensis, really occurs in Port Jackson, but is quite scarce, and has not previously been recorded under its correct name from this locality, although known as diemenensis in Southern A\.Jstralia. Iredale introduced a new generic name, Ellsiphon (Aust. Zool., vol. ix, pt. 4, p. 437, Dec.; 1940) with; type (by monotypy) the Queensland E. marza Iredale, which I regard as doubtfully distinct from denticulata. , As it differs anatomically from Siphonaria s.str: the species listed by Hedley as Siphonaria scabra must bear the name Ellsiphen denticulatus Quoy and Gaimard. An account of the features of the genital organs of Ellsiphon is given below because of their importance in the classification of this group. Spermatheca normal, the duct moderately long; epiphallus duct long, slender, terminating in a small gland and rather long flagellum; muscular sac of genital atrium present, but small. The epiphallus seems to separate this genus from Hubendick's section Sacculosiphonaria. The shell in that group is said to have reticulate sculpture, while ln Ellsiphon the sculpture is radial only.

40 The generic position of diemenensis is not so easy to determine. Huben­ dick (op. cit., p. 58, 1945) gave the sectional name Ductosiphonaria to his "Bifurcatagruppe," which included Siphonaria hifurcata Rve. and S. die­ merlensis Quoy and Gaimard. An examination of the genitalia of these two species shows that although they have certain similarities they are not closely related. Though the former species was designed as type species, the latter agrees much better with his description of the group. I therefore A NEW THAIS FOUND ON A LOG AT introduce the new generic name Huhendickula with Siphonaria diemenensis . PORT STEPHENS Q. and G. as type. The genus Planesiphon was described by Iredale (op. cit., p. 437, 1940), By GERTRUDE THORNLEY but no genotype was given. A few pages later (p. 441) he placed in it the two newly described species elegans and soranus. Hubendick (op. cit., figs. One sunny day towards the end of August, 1950, Mrs. Jackson an~ I 44 and 47, 1945) shows the genital system of "Siphonaria elegans" differing paused to rest after collecting at Hawkesnes~ Beach on the northern. SIde very greatly from that of hifurcata. Iredale's elegans, however,' closely re­ of the port. Hawkesnest is a double beach, mner and outer, shaped hke a sembles hifurcata conchologically and there is no doubt that the two are "V" the two beaches separated by sandhills, but converging at the point congeneric, or p0ssibly only subspecifically separable. Hubendick's elegans to ; sandspit which connects it with the mountainous Yacoaba, which towers cannot be the same as Iredale's, but as only the genital system was figured over the entrance. We had the sea on one side, the bay on the other. by the former, we do not know to what species it refers. Nearby was a log, covered with barnacles, and there I saw a Thais The International Rules of zoological nomenclature state quite justly shell that was new to me. We searched carefully and found several more that all generic names published after 1930 are to be considered invalid each, and a few weeks later I found· seven more adults and several sub-adult. unless a genotype is designated. Under this ruling Ductosiphonaria will replace Planesiphon for which a genotype has not yet been designated. I With it were Mytilus ohscurus Dunk. and a new Agnewia, which is more ventricose than Agnewia tritoniformis (Blain). It is of a deep bluish designate Planesiphon elegans Iredale as type of Planesiphon in order to ~nd give it a definite position in the synonymy of Ductosiphonaria. tinge throLighout, marked with splashes of.bro:vn, the ribbing is more widely spaced. It is also smoother than trttomformzs. The chief characteristics of Ductosiphonaria and Huhendickula are o~ summarised below. My first problem was to determine, if. possible, the habitat. the ne':V Thais. A floating log might have come from anywhere. No sumla: Thazs Ductosiphonaria: Shell rather thin; depressed, sculptured with few, could be found in the bay or along the foreshores. The shell It most coarse, depressedly rounded ribs, the wide,· flat interstices containing up to resembles is Dicathais scalaris (Menke), found in New Zealand. It is four or five fine, weak riblets, seldom rivalling the primary ribs in size; certainly very different in appearance to our common cartrut shell, Dicathais coloration pallid, interstitial riblets separated by fine, brown lines or some­ orhita (Gmelin). This log might have drifted even from New Zealand, as times the whole of the primary interstices blackish; interior greenish buff both the other shells are generically or specifically represented there. So I to light brown centrally, white marginally with small, variable black marks. first obtained from Mr. Powell specimens of N eothais smithii, and from Animal pale, without darK markings. Cutting points of lateral radula teeth Mr. Brookes specimens of some rarer forms of Dicathais sca.laris (Men~e), entire. The epiphallus has a short, stout, straight duct with a large, elongate examination of which proved that this shell could be neither of these speCIes. accessory gland and very short flagellum. Genital atrium swollen; sper­ I must thank these gentlemen for their kindly assistance. mathecal duct short and very slender, the terminal vesicle very small. The barnacles proved to be a common variety found in all tropical Huhendickula: Shell solid, elevated, sculptured with strong, coarse, and subtropical waters. Miss Pope, of the Australian Museum, was very rounded, white ribs having narrow, black, unsculptured interstices. Animal interested in the problem, and helped me to identify it. usually dark coloured externally. Cutting points of innermost lateral teeth I then sent samples of tb~' wood to the Forestry Commission, who bifid. Epiphallus duct long, curved and looped so that the small accessory informed me that it was scrub beefwood, sometimes referred to as silky oak. gland and short flagellum lie N.ormally against the small genital atrium. "Its distribution is from Mllton on the South Coast of N.S.W. to Southern Spermathecal duct very long and twisted, terminating in a large vesicle. Queensland." A few weeks before record floods had carried many logs to sea from SUMMARY OF SYNONYM.Y all the river mouths of Northern N.S.W. Fishermen told me that for Huhendickula diemensis Quoy and Gaimard + Siphonaria diemenensis weeks the sea was full of them, all drifting south on the Notonectian Quoy and Gaimard and Reeve equals S. scahra of Reeve (not of Hedley) current. Since the barnacles and shells on this log were only just dead, equals Siphonaria denticulata in Australian Museum collection. it seems to me to be fairly well established that it came south during these floods from some location on the mid-north coast of N.S.W. Ellsiphon denticulatus Quoy and Gaimard: Siphonaria denticulata Quoy ~ent and Gaimard of Reeve, and Angas equals S. scahra of Hedley (not Reeve). So our new Thais to sea like a stowaway riding on a log for his . . ship. Therefore, I am going to call the species "vector," meaning "one who is carried," or "a passenger." His little companion may be called Agnewia ILLUSTRATIONS nautica, the sailor.

1. Ellsiphon denticulatus (Q. & G.) Genitalia. The type description is as follows:- 2. Huhendickula diemenensis (Q. & G.) Genitalia. Genus DICATHAIS Iredale, 1936 3. Ductosiphonaria hifurcata (Reeve) Genitalia. Delin. D. McAlpine. DICATHAIS VECTOR, sp. nov.

42. 43 Shell ovate, ventricose, protoconch pale hom colour, of 3 whorls; four other whorls in the adult, somewhat shouldered, with small oblique lamellae at the sutures, which are closely conjoined; flat superncial ribs throughout on the body whorl. At the top they occur in groups of three, a wide rib, ,then a less wide, then a narrow rib; about half-way down they alternate wide and narrwo in pairs. The interstices are somewhat punctate. With a lens it is possible to see nne revolving striae on each rib. These ribs are crossed by growth lines, giving a somewhat cancellate appearance to the apical whorls. The aperture is wide, of a pale brownish white. Young specimens show brown radiating lines; adults have brown in the interstices at the edge only. Columella white; the shell being a drab light brown with dull brown irregular maculations. The upper whorls are bluish in colour. • I This shell cannot be confused with D. textiliosa (Lam.) (a form of which seems also to occur in N.S.W.), though they are related species, but it resembles more closely, the smooth form of bicostalis Lam., illustrated by Tryon, pI. 50, ng. 91. It is fairly similar to D. scalaris (Menke), of New Zealand, which may perhaps be its closest relation,' though this shell seems also to have some affinities with the more tropical Indo-Pacinc forms, such as D. bicostalis and D. persica. This paper may serve- to show how, in the pursuit of knowledge, the shell collector must often tum detective. The story of this shell is rather an unusual and fascinating one and still further work remains to be done before the mystery of its origin is fully solved. I must thank all the people who helped me with this somewhat unusual problem, Mrs. Jackson, Miss Pope, Miss Allan, who allowed me to compare the shells with those in the Australian Museum collections. Mr. Powell and Mr. Brookes, who so kindly forwarded me shells for comparison, and the Forestry Commission, who identined the wood for me. The type s~cimens .have been donated to the Australian Museum, and --0 specimens also to the Royal Zoological'Society. \ ....

BIBLIOGRAPHY

, Cotton and Godfrey, South Australian Shells, "South Australian Naturalist," • vol. xiii, No.4, p. 142. Iredale, Results from Roy Bell's Molluscan Collections, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., vol. xlix, pt. 3, 1924, p. 273'. Australian Molluscan Notes, No.2, Rec. Aust. Museum, vol. xix, No.5, 1936, p. 325.

Menke, Verz. Conch. Samml. Mals., 1929, p. 33.

Tryon, Manual of Conchology, vol. 2, pI. 50, ng. 91.

COMINELLA EBURNEA Reeve

By R. SWAN

A specimen was found on the 8th January, 1951, on the sandflat to the east of the bridge crossing the Wagonga Inlet, Narooma.. It was crawling on open sand between oyster beds, below low water. Search failed to locate more than the one specimen, but in May several Cominella lineolata 1l1ere found in a dead state, and one more C. eburnea. 1. Dicath~is vector, sp. nov. .3. CominelI:l eburnea Reeve. I believe this to be the first specimen of C. eburnea to be found in 2. Agnewla nautica, sp. nov. N.S.W. - Delin. Gertrude Thornley. 44 45 DESCRIPTION: Colour, orange brown or chestnut, with irregular cream spots and blotches. Shape fusiform, spire sharp, turreted, whorls sharply angled and nodulose. Sculpture: Broad ribs, crossed by spiral grooves. Aper­ ture, ovate, light brown, lined within; lip sharp, canal broad and short. (L ) is found in the Re d Sea, Natal, throughout the Operculum horny, dark brown. Size: 25 mm. . Bursadgrahnifer~th_e:~' coast of Australia. Islands an t e no d k broader and he local shell, which ~s ar er, Mr.h Iredale ren.amedmlently tut bItercu a ed than the typIcal form., * somew at more pro , . ta Iredale has not previously A VISIT TO PORT STEPHENS The animal of Dulcerana verszgranula 1" at the south side of Long been described. I have foun~ rAsP~li~9~6a ~~d the second one on 17th By T. GARRARD Reef the £rst one on thde 2.t. prE' the a~imal is as follows:- 'b 1950 The escnptron 0 Septem er, . , f' amon colour, more A fortnight's holiday spent at Nelson's Bay, Port Stephens, yielded a Foot: Greyish white withT:~~~I~S:mF~~~n~trfpesCl~herna~elYdwbhit an~ a very varied assortment of shells. Beach collecting was poor at Nelson's unced in the centre. . f tail are also stnpe ac a? Bay or Shoal Bay, but on the northern side, at Hawkesnest Beach, many hfonk The two small projectIOns rom 1e~r lens is whitish creaml kwIth specimens were found, including pairs of a number of bivalves, the most a~ e' The small siphon under ;mag,m ymg nd the edges. The eyes are noteworthy being Mactra eximia. Beach collecting was also very good at wh" ~inute black mottling ~Imlst m htl~ h~upinkish beige with extrcmdy Fingal Bay, mostly small varieties, although several Voluta zebra were found, bl~k. The body of the amma w~s °rna~e with the aid of a .mag~llfymg and also numbers of Janthina violacea. The most valuable discovery at this (~nly mlnu. te bright orange1 d' spotsdark cmnamondlsce rown. The operculum IS thm and Cavolinaspot was spp.a good specimen of the rare Laciniorbis morti, and a number of glass) and mott e m b horny, of light yellowish brown. N. JACKSON. Dredging was carried out for a period of about three hours within 300 yards of Nelson's Bay trawler wharf, but yielded over 100 species of small shells, from a bottom of sandy mud and short ribbon weed, and included 12 species of Marginella, some alive, and also. three live specimens SOCIAL*NOTES of Trigonostoma vinnulum, a Cancellaria which is fairly uncommon, and somewhat resembles the Queensland Cancellaria costifera. (w~tst)asr~ct~~nderlust. f becoming interested in conchology is thatOneconcurrentlyof the bestone eve1op , Most of us go places and Practically the only shells found on the rocks west of Nelson Bay h h 11 are an excuse. were three fairly good specimens of Dinassovica militaris, which I was rather perhaps t e s e sId h s been away now for over surprised to £nd so far south. a~d ~h: Co~tin:nt. 18 monthsOne ofonoura tourmembers,of EnglanMrds. , That is indeed a grand Unfortunately, both the cray£sh season and also a phenomenal run of prawns came to an end about three days after arriving, consequently the tour. 1 es with trips in and number of shells obtained from the trawlermen was not 'as good as hoped for. Most of us, however, have to content ourse v However, many bivalves were obtained alive, which are normally very scarce, around Australia. , h gh on each including Glycymeris flammeus, Glycymeris holoserica and Chlamys caroli, as well as Phalium insperatum and several live Ancillavelesiana, the largest Mr. Frank McCamle~ has been tod Perthyetandhe Darwm,managedt toou bring bac k ,being a shade over 4, inches in length. trip he could only stay SIX ?r seven ays, . some prizes from each locatIOn. 50 . Most of the shells from the cray£sh pots were poor specimens inhabited bl to spend the winter of 19 In by hermit crabs, but those obtained included a few Livonia mamilla, good Mrs Kerslake was lucky in ?eing a e I'n French. Evidently a secon Noumea,.so IS ,no w busilyd attendmg classes d eucliaCymbiolena instructa.magnifica and Ericusa sowerbyi, and one specimen of Charonia visit is being contemplate . lINSW She reported weeks in Woo goo ga, .. "C The most prized specimen from deep water was one Ericusa sericata, the Mrs. Woolacott spent some f h best but came back 'WIth a ypraea new Volute recently discovered and described by Miss G. Thornley. that collecting there was nl: ~ec~rded fr~m N.S.W. chinensis, the only one so r d b htful hobday at From the number of species obtained and broken pieces of other varieties Miss Thornley and Mrs. Jackson spent a very e g noticed on the beaches and elsewhere, I am convinced that over a fairly long period it might be quite possible to obtain over 1,000 species of shells Ballina and W ooli. . d th S th of all sizes from Port Stephens and its environs. Mr. and 'Mrs. Swann seem to rnake f0 r BennagUl an _ e ou 11 t . s to Queensland. 1 Coast as we as np c~lectmg. i~ithEde~hells-volutes,which was surely a co- DULCERANA VERSIGRANULATA Iredale lector'sMr.dreamGarrardcomestrucktrue-asombe~ac covere bivalves and ' This shep, known for many years as Bursa granifera (Lamarck) Was many others. , h as he is too busy writing £rst recorded III N.S.W. by G. F. Angas (Proceedings of the Bcienti£c Meet­ Mr. C. Laseron does notJght aro~n~osQ~~~siand and is now planning ings of the Zoological Society of London, 1877). He mentions that it Was his scienti£c papers; but son 0 n ge s found at the Macleay River. Later he records that it was taken alive' at ,the Bottle and Glass Rocks by Mr. Rossiter. a trip to Bowen. . h reatest gipsy of us all, has been AdMissl 'dThornley,h e shewhowasIS warmperhalPsy receIvet e. g d by the Conchological Club of 46 S.A.to ande al bye, thew ermembers ? f the Adelaide Museum. So we do get around.

47