MANIFESTO Julian Rosefeldt PROLOGUE
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The Total Work of Art in European Modernism Series Editor: Peter Uwe Hohendahl, Cornell University
The Total Work of Art in European Modernism Series editor: Peter Uwe Hohendahl, Cornell University Signale: Modern German Letters, Cultures, and Thought publishes new English- language books in literary studies, criticism, cultural studies, and intellectual history pertaining to the German-speaking world, as well as translations of im- portant German-language works. Signale construes “modern” in the broadest terms: the series covers topics ranging from the early modern period to the present. Signale books are published under a joint imprint of Cornell University Press and Cornell University Library in electronic and print formats. Please see http://signale.cornell.edu/. The Total Work of Art in European Modernism David Roberts A Signale Book Cornell University Press and Cornell University Library Ithaca, New York Cornell University Press and Cornell University Library gratefully acknowledge the support of The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation for the publication of this volume. Copyright © 2011 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writ- ing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2011 by Cornell University Press and Cornell University Library Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Roberts, David, 1937– The total work of art in European modernism / David Roberts. p. cm. — (Signale : modern German letters, cultures, and thought) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5023-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Modernism (Aesthetics) 2. -
An Interview with Frieder Nake
arts Editorial An Interview with Frieder Nake Glenn W. Smith Space Machines Corporation, 3443 Esplanade Ave., Suite 438, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; [email protected] Received: 24 May 2019; Accepted: 26 May 2019; Published: 31 May 2019 Abstract: In this interview, mathematician and computer art pioneer Frieder Nake addresses the emergence of the algorithm as central to our understanding of art: just as the craft of computer programming has been irreplaceable for us in appreciating the marvels of the DNA genetic code, so too has computer-generated art—and with the algorithm as its operative principle—forever illuminated its practice by traditional artists. Keywords: algorithm; computer art; emergent phenomenon; Paul Klee; Frieder Nake; neural network; DNN; CNN; GAN 1. Introduction The idea that most art is to some extent algorithmic,1 whether produced by an actual computer or a human artist, may well represent the central theme of the Arts Special Issue “The Machine as Artist (for the 21st Century)” as it has evolved in the light of more than fifteen thoughtful contributions. This, in turn, brings forcibly to mind mathematician, computer scientist, and computer art pioneer Frieder Nake, one of a handful of pioneer artist-theorists who, for more than fifty years, have focused on algorithmic art per se, but who can also speak to the larger role of the algorithm within art. As a graduate student in mathematics at the University of Stuttgart in the mid-1960s (and from which he graduated with a PhD in Probability Theory in 1967), Nake was a core member, along with Siemens mathematician and philosophy graduate student Georg Nees, of the informal “Stuttgart School”, whose leader was philosophy professor Max Bense—one of the first academics to apply information processing principles to aesthetics. -
Art on the Page
Art on the page Toward a modern illustrated book When Parisian art dealer Ambroise Vollard issued his first publication, Parallèlement, in 1900, a collection of poems by Paul Verlaine illustrated with lithographs by Impressionist painter Pierre Bonnard, he ushered in a new form of illustrated book to mark the new century. In the following decades, he and other entrepreneurial art publishers such as Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler and Albert Skira would take advantage of a widening pool of book collectors interested in modern art by producing deluxe books that featured original prints by artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Georges Rouault, André Derain and others. These books are generally referred to as livres des artistes and, unlike the fine press publications produced by the Kelmscott Press, the Doves Press or Ashendene Press, the earliest examples were distinguished by their modernity. Breon Mitchell, in his introduction to Beyond illustration, argues that the livre d’artiste can be differentiated from the traditional book in several respects: The illustrations are, in each case, original works of art (woodcuts, lithographs, etchings, engravings) executed by the artist himself and printed under his supervision. The book thus contains original graphics of the kind which find their place on museum walls … The livre d’artiste is also defined by the stature of the artist. Virtually every major painter and sculptor of the twentieth century—Picasso, Braque, Ernst, Matisse, Kokoschka, Barlach, Miró, to name a few—has collaborated in the creation of one or more such works. In many cases, book illustration has occupied such an important place in the total oeuvre of the artist that no student of art history can safely ignore it. -
Appreciation and Appropriation, Art and Architecture
84TH ACSA ANNUAL MEETING THEORY AND CRITICISM 1996 263 Appreciation and Appropriation, Art and Architecture ALEX T. ANDERSON University of Pennsylvania INTRODUCTION journey in this enlightened way must satisfy themselves with 'nutrition' and 'digesting,' the rationalized and limited Architecture differentiates itself from other forms of art by forms of tasting, savoring and incorporation of food. It is demanding a different sort of attention. Rapt concentration difficult for tourists to fully experience the places they visit does not reveal it. Appreciation is not enough. Architecture because they cannot live with them. demands appropriation. This becomes particularly evident when we consider the In this essay I demonstrate that art and architecture difference between tourist's experience of a building and a distinguish thernselves not in their physical constitutions, lived experience of it. "Buildings," according to Benjamin, but according to the relationships they form with those who "are appropriated in a twofold manner: by use and percep- observe them. In making a work of architecture, it is crucial tio~rrather by touch and by sight."' The tourist's expe- first to understand these relationships, and then to create a rience of a building is limited because the inevitable brevity field that is capable of sustaining them. of 'touring' precludes tactile appropriation, which, Ben- jamin asserts, "is accomplished not so much by attention as VISUAL EXPERIENCE by habit."4 The true experience of a building involves a In his well-known essay, "Art in the Age of Mechanical gradual incorporatio~notthe "introjection of an 'out- Reproduction" Walter Benjamin disparages "the attentive side"' that Calvino's sophisticated tourist experiences, but concentration of the tourist before a famous building."' He an extended temporal involvement. -
Tristan Tzara
DADA Dada and dadaism History of Dada, bibliography of dadaism, distribution of Dada documents International Dada Archive The gateway to the International Dada Archive of the University of Iowa Libraries. A great resource for information about artists and writers of the Dada movement DaDa Online A source for information about the art, literature and development of the European Dada movement Small Time Neumerz Dada Society in Chicago Mital-U Dada-Situationist, an independent record-label for individual music Tristan Tzara on Dadaism Excerpts from “Dada Manifesto” [1918] and “Lecture on Dada” [1922] Dadart The site provides information about history of Dada movement, artists, and an bibliography Cut and Paste The art of photomontages, including works by Heartfield, Höch, Hausmann and Schwitters John Heartfield The life and work of the photomontage artist Hannah Hoch A collection of photo montages created by Hannah Hoch Women Artists–Dada and Surrealism An excerpted chapter from Margaret Barlow’s illustrated book Women Artists Helios A beginner’s guide to Dada Merzheft German Dada, in German Dada and Surrealist Film A Bibliography of Materials in the UC Berkeley Library La Typographie Dada D.E.A. memoir in French by Breuil Eddie New York Avant-Garde, 1913-1929 New York Dada and the Armory Show including images and bibliography Excentriques A biography of Arthur Cravan in French Tristan Tzara, a Biography Excerpt from François Buot’s biography of Tzara,L’homme qui inventa la Révolution Dada Tristan Tzara A selection of links on Tzara, founder of the Dada movement Mina Loy’s lunar odyssey An online collection of Mina Loy’s life and work Erik Satie The homepage of Satie 391 Experimental art inspired by Picabia’s Dada periodical 391, with articles on Picabia, Duchamp, Ball and others Man Ray Internet site officially authorized by the Man Ray Trust to offer reproductions of the Man Ray artworks. -
Catalogue of Sans Pareil Publications on the Verso
Rare Books Le Feu Follet Edition-Originale.com 31 rue Henri Barbusse 75005 Paris [email protected] France +33 1 56 08 08 85 +33 6 09 25 60 47 Bank Rothschild Martin Maurel IBAN FR7613369000 126406710101240 SWIFT BMMMFR2A Visa, Mastercard, Paypal, American Express VAT no. FR45 412 079 873 americana 1 National Liberal Immigration League Unique and significant collection of 170 documents: set of pamphlets, correspondence and off-print articles 1906-1914 | 25 X 29 CM | FULL MOROCCO Unique and significant collection of 170 documents from the National Lib- eral Immigration League. The collection is divided into three parts: the first is dedicated to the pamphlets published by the League, the second recounts its correspondence and the final part is a collection of off-print articles linked to immigration published in American dai- ly newspapers. All of these documents, in perfect condition, are mounted on guards, bound or set in made to mea- sure frames. Except for some isolated pamphlets, we have not been able to find such a complete collection in any American or European library. Contemporary binding in navy blue mo- rocco, spine in five compartments richly decorated with fillets and large gilt mo- tifs, plates framed with triple gilt fillets migratory flow gave rise to the introduc- convinced that his mission in America with a large typographical gilt motif tion of restrictive legislation. It is with- was not only to help Jewish immigrants stamped in the centre. In the middle of in this context that the National Liberal from Eastern Europe to adapt to their first board, the initials of the National Immigration League gets going in 1906. -
Geometry and Art LACMA | | April 5, 2011 Evenings for Educators
Geometry and Art LACMA | Evenings for Educators | April 5, 2011 ALEXANDER CALDER (United States, 1898–1976) Hello Girls, 1964 Painted metal, mobile, overall: 275 x 288 in., Art Museum Council Fund (M.65.10) © Alexander Calder Estate/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris EOMETRY IS EVERYWHERE. WE CAN TRAIN OURSELVES TO FIND THE GEOMETRY in everyday objects and in works of art. Look carefully at the image above and identify the different, lines, shapes, and forms of both GAlexander Calder’s sculpture and the architecture of LACMA’s built environ- ment. What is the proportion of the artwork to the buildings? What types of balance do you see? Following are images of artworks from LACMA’s collection. As you explore these works, look for the lines, seek the shapes, find the patterns, and exercise your problem-solving skills. Use or adapt the discussion questions to your students’ learning styles and abilities. 1 Language of the Visual Arts and Geometry __________________________________________________________________________________________________ LINE, SHAPE, FORM, PATTERN, SYMMETRY, SCALE, AND PROPORTION ARE THE BUILDING blocks of both art and math. Geometry offers the most obvious connection between the two disciplines. Both art and math involve drawing and the use of shapes and forms, as well as an understanding of spatial concepts, two and three dimensions, measurement, estimation, and pattern. Many of these concepts are evident in an artwork’s composition, how the artist uses the elements of art and applies the principles of design. Problem-solving skills such as visualization and spatial reasoning are also important for artists and professionals in math, science, and technology. -
CUBISM and ABSTRACTION Background
015_Cubism_Abstraction.doc READINGS: CUBISM AND ABSTRACTION Background: Apollinaire, On Painting Apollinaire, Various Poems Background: Magdalena Dabrowski, "Kandinsky: Compositions" Kandinsky, Concerning the Spiritual in Art Background: Serial Music Background: Eugen Weber, CUBISM, Movements, Currents, Trends, p. 254. As part of the great campaign to break through to reality and express essentials, Paul Cezanne had developed a technique of painting in almost geometrical terms and concluded that the painter "must see in nature the cylinder, the sphere, the cone:" At the same time, the influence of African sculpture on a group of young painters and poets living in Montmartre - Picasso, Braque, Max Jacob, Apollinaire, Derain, and Andre Salmon - suggested the possibilities of simplification or schematization as a means of pointing out essential features at the expense of insignificant ones. Both Cezanne and the Africans indicated the possibility of abstracting certain qualities of the subject, using lines and planes for the purpose of emphasis. But if a subject could be analyzed into a series of significant features, it became possible (and this was the great discovery of Cubist painters) to leave the laws of perspective behind and rearrange these features in order to gain a fuller, more thorough, view of the subject. The painter could view the subject from all sides and attempt to present its various aspects all at the same time, just as they existed-simultaneously. We have here an attempt to capture yet another aspect of reality by fusing time and space in their representation as they are fused in life, but since the medium is still flat the Cubists introduced what they called a new dimension-movement. -
Documents (Pdf)
Documents_ 18.7 7/18/01 11:40 AM Page 212 Documents 1915 1918 Exhibition of Paintings by Cézanne, Van Gogh, Picasso, Tristan Tzara, 25 poèmes; H Arp, 10 gravures sur bois, Picabia, Braque, Desseignes, Rivera, New York, Zurich, 1918 ca. 1915/16 Flyer advertising an edition of 25 poems by Tristan Tzara Flyer with exhibition catalogue list with 10 wood engravings by Jean (Hans) Arp 1 p. (folded), 15.3x12 Illustrated, 1 p., 24x16 1916 Tristan Tzara lira de ses oeuvres et le Manifeste Dada, Autoren-Abend, Zurich, 14 July 1916 Zurich, 23 July 1918 Program for a Dada event in the Zunfthaus zur Waag Flyer announcing a soirée at Kouni & Co. Includes the 1 p., 23x29 above advertisement Illustrated, 2 pp., 24x16 Cangiullo futurista; Cafeconcerto; Alfabeto a sorpresa, Milan, August 1916 Program published by Edizioni futuriste di “Poesia,” Milan, for an event at Grand Eden – Teatro di Varietà in Naples Illustrated, 48 pp., 25.2x17.5 Pantomime futuriste di Francesco Cangiullo, Rome, 1916 Flyer advertising an event at the Club al Cantastorie 1 p., 35x50 Galerie Dada envelope, Zurich, 1916 1 p., 12x15 Stationary headed ”Mouvement Dada, Zurich,“ Zurich, ca. 1916 1 p., 14x22 Stationary headed ”Mouvement Dada, Zeltweg 83,“ Zurich, ca. 1916 Club Dada, Prospekt des Verlags Freie Strasse, Berlin, 1918 1 p., 12x15 Booklet with texts by Richard Huelsenbeck, Franz Jung, and Raoul Hausmann Mouvement Dada – Abonnement Liste, Zurich, ca. 1916 Illustrated, 16 pp., 27.1x20 Subscription form for Dada publications 1 p., 28x20.5 Centralamt der Dadaistischen Bewegung, Berlin, ca. 1918–19 1917 Stationary of Richard Huelsenbeck with heading of the Sturm Ausstellung, II Serie, Zurich, 14 April 1917 Dada Movement Central Office Catalogue of an exhibition at the Galerie Dada. -
Conceptual Art: a Critical Anthology
Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology Alexander Alberro Blake Stimson, Editors The MIT Press conceptual art conceptual art: a critical anthology edited by alexander alberro and blake stimson the MIT press • cambridge, massachusetts • london, england ᭧1999 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval)without permission in writing from the publisher. This book was set in Adobe Garamond and Trade Gothic by Graphic Composition, Inc. and was printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Conceptual art : a critical anthology / edited by Alexander Alberro and Blake Stimson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-262-01173-5 (hc : alk. paper) 1. Conceptual art. I. Alberro, Alexander. II. Stimson, Blake. N6494.C63C597 1999 700—dc21 98-52388 CIP contents ILLUSTRATIONS xii PREFACE xiv Alexander Alberro, Reconsidering Conceptual Art, 1966–1977 xvi Blake Stimson, The Promise of Conceptual Art xxxviii I 1966–1967 Eduardo Costa, Rau´ l Escari, Roberto Jacoby, A Media Art (Manifesto) 2 Christine Kozlov, Compositions for Audio Structures 6 He´lio Oiticica, Position and Program 8 Sol LeWitt, Paragraphs on Conceptual Art 12 Sigmund Bode, Excerpt from Placement as Language (1928) 18 Mel Bochner, The Serial Attitude 22 Daniel Buren, Olivier Mosset, Michel Parmentier, Niele Toroni, Statement 28 Michel Claura, Buren, Mosset, Toroni or Anybody 30 Michael Baldwin, Remarks on Air-Conditioning: An Extravaganza of Blandness 32 Adrian Piper, A Defense of the “Conceptual” Process in Art 36 He´lio Oiticica, General Scheme of the New Objectivity 40 II 1968 Lucy R. -
Les a Vant -Gardes Litteraires
LI TTÉRA TUR E LES A VANT, -GARDES LITTERAIRES -' ESTELA U N AMI C Jardi a la rrenceso alexendr-f n l c:¡uelet rT'Iodulxee 01"'1 crerT'la d' lelgny maillot de clrc del d lr.tant Jap6 herberl IIneel esp esas 81 ras de le torro Usurado J.M. JUNOY. POEMES & CNlIGRAMES. 1920 LES MOUVEMENTS D'AVANT-GARDE ONT CONSTITUÉ L'AVENTURE ESTHÉTIQUE LA PLUS VIBRANTE, RICHE ET PASSIONNÉE DE CE SIECLE. LE BESOIN DE ROMPRE AVEC LES ESTHÉTIQUES TRADITIONNELLES AINSI QUE L'ESPRIT DE RECHERCHE AVANT-GARDISTE SE MANIFESTERENT TRES TOT EN CAT ALOGNE. ISIDOR CÓNSUL C RITI QUE L1T TÉR A I R E urant les trente premieres an- constitué I'aventure esthétique la plus lui que nous devons I'invention d'un ter • nées du xxe sieele, la Catalogne vibrante, riche et passionnée de ce sie me qui allait marquer les premieres I!l joua un role de premier ordre ele. L' esprit de recherche avant-gardis avant-gardes, meme si son futurisme dans le développement et la diffusion te ainsi que la fievre de révolte intérieu n'avait pos le meme sens que celui que des avant-gardes. T outefois, bien que re et le besoin de rompre avec les devait théoriser, ó partir de 1909, Filip certains chefs de file de I'avant-garde esthétiques traditionnelles se manifes po Marinetti. On peut tout de meme tels que Salvador Dolí ou Joan Miró terent tres tot dans les terres catalanes. affirmer que Marinetti reprit, sans le ci soient catalans, ou que la formation et Le 18 avril 1904, lors d'une conférence ter, un terme inventé par Alomar. -
The Artwork Caught by the Tail*
The Artwork Caught by the Tail* GEORGE BAKER If it were married to logic, art would be living in incest, engulfing, swallowing its own tail. —Tristan Tzara, Manifeste Dada 1918 The only word that is not ephemeral is the word death. To death, to death, to death. The only thing that doesn’t die is money, it just leaves on trips. —Francis Picabia, Manifeste Cannibale Dada, 1920 Je m’appelle Dada He is staring at us, smiling, his face emerging like an exclamation point from the gap separating his first from his last name. “Francis Picabia,” he writes, and the letters are blunt and childish, projecting gaudily off the canvas with the stiff pride of an advertisement, or the incontinence of a finger painting. (The shriek of the commodity and the babble of the infant: Dada always heard these sounds as one and the same.) And so here is Picabia. He is staring at us, smiling, a face with- out a body, or rather, a face that has lost its body, a portrait of the artist under the knife. Decimated. Decapitated. But not quite acephalic, to use a Bataillean term: rather the reverse. Here we don’t have the body without a head, but heads without bodies, for there is more than one. Picabia may be the only face that meets our gaze, but there is also Metzinger, at the top and to the right. And there, just below * This essay was written in the fall of 1999 to serve as a catalog essay for the exhibition Worthless (Invaluable): The Concept of Value in Contemporary Art, curated by Carlos Basualdo at the Moderna Galerija Ljubljana, Slovenia.