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Home , Enrico Caruso, Fiorello La Guardia, Italian name, Rosa Ponselle

HONORING DIVERSITY: A SELECTION OF COMMEMORATIVE U.S. POSTAGE STAMPS

Prepared by:

THE OF IN AMERICA 219 E STREET, NE WASHINGTON, DC 20002

TEL: 202/547-2900 FAX: 202/547-1492 E-MAIL: [email protected] WEB: WWW.OSIA.ORG

Summer 2003 HONORING DIVERSITY: A SELECTION OF COMMEMORATIVE U.S. POSTAGE STAMPS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report compares the number of commemorative stamps and post cards issued by the U.S. Postal Service to honor individuals of Italian, African, Hispanic and Jewish descent.

It reveals that since 1869, the U.S. Postal Service has honored 15 people of Italian heritage with postage stamps compared to 150 African Americans, 36 Jewish Americans and 14 Hispanic Americans.

The with commemorative stamps are: mayor Fiorello La Guardia, football coach Vince Lombardi (2 stamps and an envelope), Bank of America founder Amadeo Giannini, , boxer Rocky Marciano, comedian Lou Costello and the 18th century patriot Francesco Vigo, believed to be the first Italian to acquire American citizenship (1747-1836).

Also honored are Italian citizens whose careers flourished in the United States: , , , Enrico Fermi and Filippo Mazzei, who was an 18th century physician and friend of Jefferson.

The report also compares the number of commemorative stamps and post cards issued by the U.S. Postal Service that recognize Italian, African, Hispanic and Jewish history and culture.

As of the spring 2003, 64 stamps and postcards feature Hispanic history; 56 stamps feature Italian art; 47 stamps honor Columbus; 13 stamps and post cards have African American themes and 6 stamps and post cards commemorate Jewish American history and culture.

The Sons of Italy is currently campaigning for commemorative stamps honoring World War II hero John Basilone and Watergate judge John Sirica.

2 I. U.S. POSTAL SERVICE COMMEMORATIVE STAMPS HONORING INDIVIDUAL AMERICANS OF AFRICAN, JEWISH, ITALIAN AND HISPANIC HERITAGE

• African Americans.………150 stamps • Jewish Americans………… 36 stamps • Italian Americans…………. 15 stamps • Hispanic Americans………..14 stamps

II. U.S. POSTAL SERVICE COMMEMORATIVE STAMPS AND POST CARDS HONORING CULTURE & HISTORY OF HISPANIC, ITALIAN, AFRICAN AND JEWISH AMERICANS

• Hispanic history…………....…………64 stamps & post cards • Italian art …………………..…………56 stamps • Columbus……………………..……….47 stamps • African American history……………. 13 stamps & post cards • Jewish American history………………. 6 stamps & post cards

III. TOTALS: INDIVIDUALS AND CULTURES

• African Americans.…………..163 stamps & post cards • Italian /Columbus……………..103 stamps • Italian Americans…………… ...15 stamps • Hispanic Americans……………78 stamps & post cards • Jewish Americans………………42 stamps & post cards

IV. STAMPS COMMEMORATING ITALIAN AMERICANS

• Mayor Fiorello La Guardia • Foot Ball Coach Vince Lombardi (envelope and 2 stamps) • Bank of America founder Amadeo Giannini • 18th century explorer Francesco Vigo • Comedian Lou Costello • Soprano Rosa Ponselle • Boxer Rocky Marciano • Italian Immigrants at in 1905

3 V. STAMPS COMMEMORATING WITH U.S. CAREERS

• Actor Rudolph Valentino • Conductor Arturo Toscanini • Enrico Caruso • Physicist Enrico Fermi • 18th century political figure Filippo Mazzei

VI. CURRENT COMMEMORATIVE STAMP CAMPAIGNS

The Sons of Italy is urging the U.S. Postal Service to issue stamps commemorating:

• Marine Sergeant John Basilone (1916-1945), the only enlisted man in World War II to earn both the of Honor and the Navy Cross, the nation's two highest for bravery. Sgt. Basilone died at the Battle of Iwo Jima in 1945. He was 29 years old.

• Federal Judge John Sirica (1904-1992), who ordered President Richard Nixon to turn over the tapes of White House conversations implicating him in the cover-up of the Watergate investigation, which led to Nixon's resignation. Sirica also presided over the trials of several top Nixon aides who were convicted and sent to prison. His role was credited with proving that even the president of the United States is not above the law.

SOURCE:

The Sons of Italy Stamp Report was prepared for the Sons of Italy by philatelist Joseph Scafetta, Jr., Esq.

HOW TO PETITION THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE

To suggest a stamp subject, send a letter with historical information and the important dates associated with the subject at least three years prior to the desired time of issue to the Citizens’ Stamp Advisory Committee.

Subject must be American or American-related. Historical figures must have been dead for at least 10 years, and have broad national interest.

Contact: The Citizens’ Stamp Advisory Committee U.S. Postal Service, Stamp Development, ROOM 4474-E 475 L’Enfant Plaza SW Washington, DC 20260-2437

4 APPENDIX A AFRICAN THEMES ON U.S. STAMPS

NO. THEME DENOM. YEAR SCOTT #

1. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON .10 1940 873 2. LINCOLN & KNEELING SLAVE .03 1940 902 3. GEORGE W. CARVER .03 1948 953 4. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON .03 1956 1074 5. CHILDREN OF THE WORLD .03 1956 1085 6. EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION .05 1963 1233 7. FREDERICK DOUGLASS .25 1967 1290 8. SUPPORT OUR YOUTH .06 1968 1342 9. BLACK SOLDIER AT BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL .06 1968 1361 10. WILLIAM C. HANDY .06 1969 1372 11. AFRICAN ELEPHANT HERD .06 1970 1388 12. HENRY O. TANNER .08 1973 1486 13. BLACK CARRIER COLLECTING MAIL .08 1973 1490 14. BLACKS SORTING MAIL ON CONVEYOR BELT .08 1973 1491 15. BLACKS ELECTRONICALLY ROUTING LETTERS .08 1973 1495 16. PAUL L. DUNBAR .10 1975 1554 17. SALEM POOR .10 1975 1560 18. WASHINGTON W/BLACKS CROSSING DELAWARE RIVER .24 1976 1688 a 19. .13 1978 1744 20. MARTIN L. KING, JR. .15 1979 1771 21. INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE CHILD .15 1979 1772 22. BLACK JAVELIN THROWER AT OLYMPICS .10 1979 1790 23. BLACKS RUNNING IN OLYMPICS .15 1979 1791 24. BENJAMIN BANNEKER .15 1980 1804 25. CHARLES R. DREW .35 1981 1865 26. WHITNEY M. YOUNG, JR. .15 1982 1875 27. RALPH BUNCHE .20 1982 1860 28. JACKIE ROBINSON .20 1982 2016 29. BLACK MAN RUNNING FOR PHYSICAL FITNESS .20 1983 2043 30. SCOTT JOPLIN .20 1983 2044 31. BLACK BOXER AT OLYMPICS .13 1983 2051 32. CARTER G. WOODSON .20 1984 2073 33. BLACK LONG JUMPER AT OLYMPICS .20 1984 2083 34. BLACK WRESTLER AT OLYMPICS .20 1984 2084 35. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .20 1984 2097 36. MARY M. BETHUNE .22 1985 2137 37. HELP END HUNGER FOR BLACK YOUTH .22 1985 2164 38. SOJOURNER TRUTH .22 1986 2203 39. .22 1986 2211 40. MATTHEW HENSON .22 1986 2223 41. JEAN B. P. DU SABLE .22 1987 2249 42. UNITING BLACK COMMUNITIES .22 1987 2275 43. JAMES W. JOHNSON .22 1988 2371 44. ABYSSINIAN CAT .22 1988 2373 45. A. PHILIP RANDOLPH .25 1989 2402

5 46. BLACK WOMAN LETTER CARRIER .25 1989 2420 47. IDA B. WELLS .25 1990 2442 48. .25 1990 2496 49. BLACK WOMAN SPRINTING AT OLYMPICS .29 1991 2555 50. BLACK & WHITE PLAYING BASKETBALL .29 1991 2560 51. JAN E. MATZELIGER .29 1991 2567 52. W.E.B. DU BOIS .29 1992 2617 53. BLACK BOXER AT OLYMPICS .29 1992 2640 54. CLYDE MCPHATTER .29 1993 2726 55. .29 1993 2728 56. DINAH WASHINGTON .29 1993 2730 57. PERCY L. JULIAN .29 1993 2746 58. JOE LOUIS .29 1993 2766 59. PORGY & BESS .29 1993 2768 60. ALLISON DAVIS .29 1994 2816 61. BUFFALO SOLDIERS .29 1994 2818 62. BLACK SOCCER PLAYER IN WORLD CUP .50 1994 2836 63. BLACK SOLDIER DRIVING TRUCK FOR RED BALL EXPRESS.29 1994 2838 h 64. ETHEL WATERS .29 1994 2851 65. NAT "KING" COLE .29 1994 2852 66. .29 1994 2854 67. .29 1994 2855 68. .29 1994 2856 69. JOHNSON .29 1994 2857 70. JIMMY RUSHING .29 1994 2858 71. "MA" RAINEY .29 1994 2859 72. MILDRED BAILEY .29 1994 2860 73. HOWLIN' WOLF .29 1994 2861 74. BILL PICKETT .29 1994 2869 g 75. JIM BECKWOURTH .29 1994 2869 q 76. BILL PICKETT .29 1994 2870 g 77. JIM BECKWOURTH .29 1994 2870 q 78. BESSIE COLEMAN .32 1995 2956 79. BLACK WOMAN PLAYING SOFTBALL .32 1995 2962 80. FREDERICK DOUGLASS .32 1995 2975 h 81. HARRIET TUBMAN .32 1995 2975 k 82. BLACK VETERAN HONORED AT END OF WORLD WAR II .32 1995 2981 j 83. .32 1995 2982 84. COLEMAN HAWKINS .32 1995 2983 85. LOUIS ARMSTRONG .32 1995 2984 86. JAMES P. JOHNSON .32 1995 2985 87. "JELLY ROLL" MORTON .32 1995 2986 88. .32 1995 2987 89. EUBIE BLAKE .32 1995 2988 90. .32 1995 2989 91. .32 1995 2990 92. .32 1995 2991 93. ERROLL GARNER .32 1995 2992 94. ERNEST E. JUST .32 1996 3058

6 95. BLACK WOMAN RUNNING IN OLYMPICS .32 1996 3068 c 96. BLACK MAN SPRINTING IN OLYMPICS .32 1996 3068m 97. BLACK MAN HURDLING IN OLYMPICS .32 1996 3068 p 98. BLACK MAN PLAYING BASKETBALL IN OLYMPICS .32 1996 3068 t 99. JOHN HENRY .32 1996 3085 100. .32 1996 3096 101. HAROLD ALLEN .32 1996 3100 102. BLACK DECORATING CHRISTMAS TREE .32 1996 3109 103. BLACK FAMILY DECORATING CHRISTMAS TREE .32 1996 3114 104. BLACK FIGURE SKATER .32 1996 3117 105. BENJAMIN O. DAVIS, SR. .32 1997 3121 106. ALABAMA BABY DOLL .32 1997 3151 a 107. BABYLAND RAG DOLL .32 1997 3151 i 108. BLACK WOMAN IN MILITARY SERVICE .32 1997 3174 109. KWANZAA .32 1997 3175 110. C.J. WALKER .32 1998 3181 111. W.E.B. DUBOIS .32 1998 3182 l 112. GEORGE W. CARVER .32 1998 3183 c 113. BLACK JAZZ CLUB PERFORMERS .32 1998 3184 k 114. AND YOUNG BLACK GIRL .32 1998 3185 d 115. JESSE OWENS .32 1998 3185 j 116. HUDDIE LEDBETTER .32 1998 3212 117. SONNY TERRY .32 1998 3214 118. JOSH WHITE .32 1998 3215 119. .32 1998 3216 120. ROBERTA MARTIN .32 1998 3217 121. CLARA WARD .32 1998 3218 122. ROSETTA THARPE .32 1998 3219 123. MALCOLM X .33 1999 3273 124. JACKIE ROBINSON .33 1999 3186 c 125. BLACK MUSICIANS IN BIG BANDS .33 1999 3186 j 126. PUBLIC SCHOOL DESEGREGATION .33 1999 3187 f 127. MARTIN L. KING, JR. .33 1999 3188 a 128. PEACE CORPS HELPING IN AFRICA .33 1999 3188 f 129. BILL COSBY SHOW .33 2000 3190 j 130. YOUNG BLACK MAN AND HIP-HOP CULTURE .33 2000 3190 o 131. BLACK MAN TALKING ON CELLULAR PHONE .33 2000 3191 o 132. PATRICIA R. HARRIS .33 2000 3371 133. BLACK LEGS RUNNING IN SUMMER SPORTS .33 2000 3397 134. YOUNG BLACK BOY PLAYING SOCCER .33 2000 3401 135. JACKIE ROBINSON .33 2000 3408 a 136. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .33 2000 3408 j 137. SATCHEL PAIGE .33 2000 3408 p 138. JOSH GIBSON .33 2000 3408 r 139. ROY WILKINS .34 2001 3501 140. KWANZAA .34 2001 3548 141. LANGSTON HUGHES .34 2002 142. JAMES VANDERZEE .37 2002 143. ETHEL L. PAYNE .37 2002

7 144. KWANZAA .37 2002 145. ZORA NEALE HURSTON 37 2003 146. THURGOOD MARSHALL .37 2003

AIRMAIL ISSUES 147. BLACK MAN HIGH JUMPING AT OLYMPICS .31 1979 CO97 148. BLACK MAN HURDLING AT OLYMPICS .28 1983 C102 149. BLACK WOMAN PLAYING BASKETBALL AT OLYMPICS .28 1983 C103 150. BLACK MAN SHOT PUTTING AT OLYMPICS .40 1983 C105

POSTAL CARDS 151. BLACK MAN SPRINTING AT OLYMPICS .10 1979 UX080 152. BILL PICKETT .19 1994 UX184 153. JIM BECKWOURTH .19 1994 UX194 154. FREDERICK DOUGLASS .20 1995 UX207 155. HARRIET TUBMAN .20 1995 UX210 156. BLACK WOMAN RUNNING IN OLYMPICS .20 1996 UX244 157. BLACK MAN SPRINTING IN OLYMPICS .20 1996 UX254 158. BLACK MAN PLAYING BASKETBALL IN OLYMPICS .20 1996 UX257 159. BLACK MAN HURDLING IN OLYMPICS .20 1996 UX261 160. JACKIE ROBINSON .20 2000 UX337 161. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .20 2000 UX346 162. SATCHEL PAIGE .20 2000 UX352 163. JOSH GIBSON .20 2000 UX354

8 APPENDIX B JEWISH AMERICAN THEMES ON U.S. STAMPS

NO. THEME DENOM. YEAR SCOTT # 1. JOSEPH PULITZER .03 1947 946 2. ALBERT EINSTEIN .08 1966 1285 3. FIORELLO H. LA GUARDIA .14 1970 1397 4. GEORGE GERSHWIN .08 1973 1484 5. HAYM SALOMON .10 1975 1561 6. ADOLPH S. OCHS .13 1976 1700 7. GEORGE M. COHAN .15 1978 1756 8. ALBERT EINSTEIN .15 1979 1774 9. .02 1982 1845 10. TOURO SYNAGOGUE .20 1982 2017 11. JEROME KERN .22 1985 2110 12. BERNARD REVEL 1.00 1988 2193 13. JACK BENNY .29 1991 2564 14. FANNY BRICE .29 1991 2565 15. THEODORE VON KARMAN .29 1992 2699 16. THEDA BARA .29 1994 2827 17. AL JOLSON .29 1994 2849 18. PHOEBE PEMBER .32 1995 2975 r 19. ALLIES LIBERATE HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS .32 1995 2981 e 20. RUBE GOLDBERG'S INVENTIONS .32 1995 3000 f 21. .32 1996 3099 22. HANUKKAH .32 1996 3118 23. RAOUL WALLENBERG AND JEWISH REFUGEES .32 1997 3135 24. MARK ROTHKO .32 1998 3236 t 25. AYN RAND .33 1999 3308 26. JONAS SALK AND POLIO VACCINE .33 1999 3187 a 27. FRANZ WAXMAN .33 1999 3342 28. ALFRED NEWMAN .33 1999 3343 29. ERICH W. KORNGOLD .33 1999 3344 30. IRA AND GEORGE GERSHWIN .33 1999 3345 31. JERRY SEINFELD SHOW .33 2000 3191 c 32. FRIDA KAHLO .34 2001 3509 33. .34 2001 3521 34. HANUKKAH .34 2001 3547 35. HARRY HOUDINI .37 2002 36. IRVING .37 2002 37. HANUKKAH .37 2002

AIRMAIL ISSUES 38. NONE

POSTAL CARDS 39. HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM .19 1993 UX168 40. PHOEBE PEMBER .20 1995 UX217 41. RUBE GOLDBERG'S INVENTIONS .20 1995 UX226 42. USEN CASTLE AT BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY .20 1998 UX299

9 APPENDIX C ITALIAN THEMES ON U.S. STAMPS

NO. THEME DENOM. YEAR SCOTT #

1. S.S. ADRIATIC 12¢ 1869 117 2. LANDING OF COLUMBUS (TYPE I) 15¢ 1869 118 3. LANDING OF COLUMBUS (TYPE II) 15¢ 1869 119 4. S.S. ADRIATIC (REPRINT) 12¢ 1875 128 5. LANDING OF COLUMBUS (REPRINT) 15¢ 1875 129 6. COLUMBUS IN SIGHT OF LAND 1¢ 1893 230 7. LANDING OF COLUMBUS 2¢ 1893 231 8. FLAGSHIP OF COLUMBUS 3¢ 1893 232 9. FLEET OF COLUMBUS 4¢ 1893 233 10. COLUMBUS SOLICITING AID FROM QUEEN ISABELLA 5¢ 1893 234 11. COLUMBUS WELCOMED AT BARCELONA 6¢ 1893 235 12. COLUMBUS RESTORED TO FAVOR 8¢ 1893 236 13. COLUMBUS PRESENTING NATIVES 10¢ 1893 237 14. COLUMBUS ANNOUNCING DISCOVERY 15¢ 1893 238 15. COLUMBUS AT LA RABIDA 30¢ 1893 239 16. RECALL OF COLUMBUS 50¢ 1893 240 17. QUEEN PLEDGING HER JEWELS $1.00 1893 241 18. COLUMBUS IN CHAINS $2.00 1893 242 19. COLUMBUS DESCRIBES 3RD VOYAGE $3.00 1893 243 20. QUEEN ISABELLA & COLUMBUS $4.00 1893 244 21. COLUMBUS HEAD IN PROFILE $5.00 1893 245 22. COLUMBIAN EXPO (SPECIAL DELIVERY) 10¢ 1893 E3 23. HEADS OF COLUMBUS & LIBERTY (ENVELOPE) 1¢ 1893 U348 24. " " " " " ( " ) 2¢ 1893 U349 25. " " " " " ( " ) 5¢ 1893 U350 26. " " " " " ( " ) 10¢ 1893 U351 27. VICTORY; US/ITALY FLAGS 3¢ 1919 537 28. AMERICA (A GOOD ITALIAN ) $5.00 1923 573 29. THREE GRACES BY BOTTICELLI 3¢ 1940 895 30. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 3¢ 1954 1029 31. MONTICELLO 20¢ 1956 1047 32. COLUMBUS MONUMENT IN NEW YORK 3¢ 1956 1076 33. HANDS FROM MICHELANGELO'S "CREATION OF MAN" 3¢ 1958 1107 34. GIUSEPPE GARIBALDI 4¢ 1960 1168 35. GIUSEPPE GARIBALDI 8¢ 1960 1169 36. VERRAZANO-NARROWS BRIDGE 5¢ 1964 1258 37. DANTE ALIGHIERI 5¢ 1965 1268 38. FIORELLO H. LAGUARDIA 14¢ 1972 1397 39. AMADEO P. GIANNINI 21¢ 1973 1400 40. NATIVITY BY LORENZO LOTTO 6¢ 1970 1414 41. ADORATION OF THE SHEPARDS BY GIORGIONE 8¢ 1971 1444 42. MARCONI'S SPARK COIL & GAP 15¢ 1973 1500 43. MADONNA BY RAPHAEL 8¢ 1973 1507 44. MICHELANGELO BY RAPHAEL 10¢ 1974 1530 45. MADONNA BY GHIRLANDAIO 10¢ 1975 1579

10 46. MADONNA BY DELLA ROBBIA 15¢ 1978 1768 47. VIRGINIA ROTUNDA (BASED ON ROMAN PANTHEON) 15¢ 1979 1779 48. PHILIP MAZZEI (AIRMAIL) 40¢ 1980 C98 49. MADONNA BY BOTTICELLI 20¢ 1981 1939 50. FRANCIS OF ASSISI 20¢ 1982 2023 51. MADONNA BY TIEPOLO 20¢ 1982 2026 52 MADONNA BY RAPHAEL 20¢ 1983 2063 53. MADONNA BY FRA FILIPPO LIPPI 20¢ 1984 2107 54. MADONNA BY DELLA ROBBIA 22¢ 1985 2165 55. FRANCIS VIGO (POSTAL CARD) 14¢ 1986 UX111 56. MADONNA BY PERUGINO 22¢ 1986 2244 57. ENRICO CARUSO 22¢ 1987 2250 58. MADONNA BY MORONI 22¢ 1987 2367 59. MADONNA BY BOTTICELLI 25¢ 1988 2399 60. ARTURO TOSCANINI 25¢ 1989 2411 61. MADONNA BY CARACCI 25¢ 1989 2427 62. LOMBARDI FOOTBALL TROPHY (ENVELOPE) 25¢ 1990 U618 63. MADONNA BY ANTONELLO 25¢ 1990 2514 64. LOU COSTELLO 29¢ 1991 2566 65. MADONNA BY ROMANO 29¢ 1991 2578 66. WORLD COLUMBIAN STAMP EXPO 29¢ 1992 2616 67. COLUMBUS SEEKS SUPPORT FROM QUEEN ISABELLA 29¢ 1992 2620 68. COLUMBUS CROSSES ATLANTIC OCEAN 29¢ 1992 2621 69 COLUMBUS APPROACHES LAND 29¢ 1992 2622 70. COLUMBUS COMES ASHORE 29¢ 1992 2623 71. COLUMBUS IN SIGHT OF LAND 1¢ 1992 2624a 72. LANDING OF COLUMBUS 2¢ 1992 2628b 73. FLAGSHIP OF COLUMBUS 3¢ 1992 2624c 74. FLEET OF COLUMBUS 4¢ 1992 2625a 75. COLUMBUS SOLICITING AID FROM QUEEN ISABELLA 5¢ 1992 2625b 76. COLUMBUS WELCOMED AT BARCELONA 6¢ 1992 2625c 77. COLUMBUS RESTORED TO FAVOR 8¢ 1992 2626a 78. COLUMBUS PRESENTING NATIVES 10¢ 1992 2626b 79. COLUMBUS ANNOUNCING DISCOVERY 15¢ 1992 2626c 80. COLUMBUS AT LA RABIDA 30¢ 1992 2627a 81. RECALL OF COLUMBUS 50¢ 1992 2627b 82. QUEEN PLEDGING HER JEWELS $1.00 1992 2627c 83. COLUMBUS IN CHAINS $2.00 1992 2628a 84. COLUMBUS DESCRIBES 3RD VOYAGE $3.00 1992 2628b 85. QUEEN ISABELLA & COLUMBUS $4.00 1992 2628c 86. COLUMBUS HEAD IN PROFILE $5.00 1992 2629 87. MADONNA BY BELLINI 29¢ 1992 2710 88. ATTACKED BY ALLIES 29¢ 1993 2765c 89. ITALY INVADED BY ALLIES 29¢ 1993 2765f 90. MADONNA BY CIMA (SHEET) 29¢ 1993 2789 91. MADONNA BY CIMA (BOOKLET) 29¢ 1993 2790 92. COLUMBUS LANDING IN PUERTO RICO 29¢ 1993 2805 93. RUDOLPH VALENTINO 29¢ 1994 2819 94. ALLIES FREE 29¢ 1994 2838f 95. MADONNA BY SIRANI 29¢ 1994 2871 11 96. CHERUB (HAND ON CHIN) BY RAPHAEL, 1995 (SHEET) 32¢ 1995 2948 97. " ( " " " ) " " (SELF-ADH.) 32¢ 1995 2949 98. " ( " " " ) " " 32 (SHEET) 32¢ 1995 2957 99. " (ARMS FOLDED) " " (SHEET) 55¢ 1995 2958 100. " (HAND ON CHIN) " " (BOOKLET) 32¢ 1995 2959 101. " (ARMS FOLDED) " " (SELF-ADH.) 55¢ 1995 2960 102. MADONNA BY GIOTTO 32¢ 1995 3003 103. COLUMBIA AUTO OF 1898 32¢ 1995 3021 104. CHERUB (HAND ON CHIN) BY RAPHAEL (SELF-ADH.) 32¢ 1996 3030 105. MADONNA BY DE MATTEIS (SHEET) 32¢ 1996 3107 106. MADONNA BY DE MATTEIS (SELF-ADH.) 32¢ 1996 3112 107. MARSHALL PLAN & MAP SHOWING ITALY 32¢ 1997 3141 108. VINCENT T. LOMBARDI (W/O RED BAR) 32¢ 1997 3145 109. VINCENT T. LOMBARDI (WITH RED BAR) 32¢ 1997 3147 110. COLUMBIAN DOLL OF 1893-1910 BY MARIETTA RUTTA 32¢ 1997 3151b 111. ROSA PONSELLE 32¢ 1997 3157 112. MADONNA BY DI PIETRO 32¢ 1997 3176 113. MADONNA BY THE FLORENTINE MASTER 32¢ 1998 3244 114. ROCKY MARCIANO 33¢ 1999 3187k 115. MADONNA BY VIVARINI 33¢ 1999 3355 116. ENRICO FERMI 34¢ 2001 3533 117. MADONNA BY COSTA 34¢ 2001 3536 118. ITALIAN IMMIGRANTS AT ELLIS ISLAND IN 1905 37¢ 2002

12 APPENDIX D HISPANIC AMERICAN THEMES ON U.S. STAMPS

NO. THEME DENOM. YEAR SCOTT #

1. LANDING OF COLUMBUS & SPANISH CREW .02 1893 231 2. COLUMBUS SOLICITING AID FROM QUEEN ISABELLA .05 1893 234 3. COLUMBUS WELCOMED AT BARCELONA, .06 1893 235 4. COLUMBUS RESTORED TO FAVOR BY QUEEN ISABELLA .08 1893 236 5. COLUMBUS PRESENTING NATIVES TO SPANISH MONARCHS .10 1893 237 6. COLUMBUS ANNOUNCING DISCOVERY TO SPANISH MONARCHS .15 1893 238 7. COLUMBUS AT LA RABIDA MONASTERY IN SPAIN .30 1893 239 8. RECALL OF COLUMBUS AT SPANISH BRIDGE .50 1893 240 9. QUEEN ISABELLA PLEDGING HER JEWELS 1.00 1893 241 10. COLUMBUS DESCRIBES 3RD VOYAGE TO SPANISH MONARCHS 3.00 1893 243 11. QUEEN ISABELA OF SPAIN & COLUMBUS 4.00 1893 244 12. VASCO NUNEZ DE BALBOA .01 1913 397 13. PEDRO MIGUEL LOCKS AT PANAMA CANAL .02 1913 398 14. DISCOVERY OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY BY SPANISH .10 1913 400 15. VASCO NUNEZ DE BALBOA .01 1914 401 16. PEDRO MIGUEL LOCKS AT PANAMA CANAL .02 1915 402 17. DISCOVERY OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY BY SPANISH .10 1915 404 18. EL CAPITAN IN YOSEMITE PARK, CALIFORNIA .01 1934 740 19. " " .01 1934 751 20. " " .01 1935 756 21. " " .01 1935 769 22. SAN DIEGO (1535-1935) .03 1935 773 23. SAN DIEGO (1535-1935) .03 1936 778b 24. LA FORTALEZA IN SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO .03 1937 801 25. CORONADO & HIS CAPTAINS .03 1940 898 26. CORREGIDOR IN MANILA BAY .03 1944 925 27. GATES OF SAINT AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA .03 1945 927 28. PUERTO RICAN FARMER HOLDING BALLOT .03 1949 983 29. GADSDEN PURCHASE FROM MEXICO .03 1953 1028 30. ALAMO IN SAN ANTONIO .09 1956 1043 31. RAMON MAGSAYSAY .08 1957 1096 32. PALACE OF THE GOVERNORS IN SANTA FE .0125 1960 1031a 33. MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE .04 1960 1157 34. ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS .05 1963 1234 35. CUBAN REFUGEES .05 1963 1239 36. WESTERN HEMISPHERE FAIR IN SAN ANTONIO .06 1968 1340 37. CARMEL MISSION BELFRY .06 1969 1373 38. OCOTILLO OF THE SOUTHWEST .06 1969 1378 39. FOUNDING OF SAN JUAN IN PUERTO RICO .08 1971 1436 40. SAN XAVIER DEL BAC MISSION IN TUCSON .08 1971 1443 41. MAN & CHILDREN OF CARMEL WITH BURRO .08 1973 1485 42. CONTRA COSTA WALLFLOWER .15 1979 1785 43. BERNARDO DE GALVEZ .15 1980 1826 44. PONCE DE LEON .20 1982 2024 13 45. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .20 1984 2097 46. HISPANIC AMERICANS: A PROUD HERITAGE .20 1984 2103 47. PAN AMERICAN GAMES .22 1987 2247 48. CARRETA OF 1770'S .076 1988 2255 49. LUIS M. MARIN .05 1990 2173 50. DENNIS CHAVEZ .35 1991 2186 51. COLUMBUS SEEKING QUEEN ISABELA'S SUPPORT .29 1992 2620 52. QUEEN ISABELA PLEDGING HER JEWELS 1.00 1992 2624c 53. LANDING OF COLUMBUS & SPANISH CREW .02 1992 2625a 54. QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN & COLUMBUS 4.00 1992 2625c 55. COLUMBUS SOLICITING AID FROM QUEEN ISABELLA .05 1992 2626a 56. COLUMBUS AT LA RABIDA MONASTERY IN SPAIN .30 1992 2626b 57. RECALL OF COLUMBUS AT SPANISH BRIDGE .50 1992 2626c 58. COLUMBUS WELCOMED AT BARCELONA, SPAIN .06 1992 2627a 59. COLUMBUS RESTORED TO FAVOR BY QUEEN ISABELLA .08 1992 2627b 60. COLUMBUS DESCRIBING 3RD VOYAGE TO SPANISH MONARCHS 3.00 1992 2627c 61. COLUMBUS PRESENTING NATIVES TO SPANISH MONARCHS .10 1992 2628a 62. COLUMBUS ANNOUNCING DISCOVERY TO SPANISH MONARCHS .15 1992 2628b 63. JUAN R. CABRILLO .29 1992 2704 64. COLUMBUS LANDING IN PUERTO RICO .29 1993 2805 65. VEGA AIRCRAFT .32 1997 3142d 66. FELIX VARELA .32 1997 3166 67. PANAMA CANAL OPENING .32 1998 3183f 68. REMEMBER THE MAINE IN HARBOR .32 1998 3192 69. CINCO DE MAYO .32 1998 3203 70. SPANISH SETTLEMENT OF THE SOUTHWEST .32 1998 3220 71. DESI ARNEZ WITH LUCILLE BALL .33 1999 3187l 72. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .33 2000 3408j 73. FRIDA KAHLO .34 2001 3509 74. CESAR CHAVEZ 37 2003

AIRMAIL ISSUES

75. JUNIPERO SERRA .44 1985 C116

POSTAL CARDS 76. DOMINGUEZ ADOBE AT RANCHO SAN PEDRO .13 1984 UX104 77. CANYON DE CHELLY .19 1994 UX176 78. ROBERTO CLEMENTE .20 2000 UX346

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