"Student of the Year 2..Page 4 SUNDAY, APRIL 28, 2019 INTERNET EDITION : www.dailyexcelsior.com/magazine Rever the Woman..Page 3 KEEPING SAIGAL ALIVE Ashok Ogra WRA. But it was SHAHJEHAN (1946), directed by A R Kardar with lyrics by Majrooh Hailed as the emperor of music, a musician of masses, Kundan Lal Saigal died Sultanpur and Naushad providing the music that endeared the singer to the masses: exactly a year before Gandhiji. The number of people who grew up listening to Saigal "GHAM DIYE MUSTAQIL, KITNA NAZUK HAI DOIL YEH NA JAANA" would be anything but substantial now. What happens to ( Such boundless sorrow, didn't know the heart is so fragile) Saigal's legacy, then, once these people are gone too? That JAB DIL HI TOOT GAYA,HUM JEE KE KYA KARENGE is what prompted Sharad Dutt to write his biography "Kun- (When the heart is broken, what purpose does it serve to live). dan: Saigal's Life & Music," to keep his memory alive for- He had by now already become a household name across the country. ever, like his immortal songs that continue to resonate with It is said that even the greatest of men have feet of clay and Saigal, whose addic- a large section of the population. tion to alcohol was as much talked about as the magic in his voice, was no exception. The book under review celebrates the greatness of Kun- But Sharad marshals facts to demolish the theory that Saigal died because of exces- dal Saigal, who without any formal training in music, sive alcohol. According to the author, the reason of his death was diabetes as opposed recorded 185 songs, apart from acting in 36 films, in a short to those floating in the industry. This research work of almost eight years is practical- span of about 15 years. ly a correct work on his life. Similarly, Dutt takes great pains in correcting few other What is less known is that Saigal also lent his voice to facts: "Take for example the correct date of his birth- it is April 4, 1904 and not April Tamil version of Devdas. Reproducing few lines from the Sharad Dutt 11". song he sang in Tamil: The author also refers to the absence of bonhomie between Malika Pukraj and Kun- MADANENNUM KANAYAAL MAHAAMOHMAHIEL dal though both belonged to Jammu. (A man falls from grace when he is excessively in love, pierced by cupid's arrow) Sharad who makes no bones of his admiration for the singer but at the same time KOODHIYA PAADUVAI KOMALAKKILIYEY the author in him is conscious of his responsibility towards readers. Archival records, (Oh endearing parrot, it is best that we live together. Unity is strength). rare photographs and posters of Saigal's films, embellish and enriches author's Kundan also sang many non-film songs including in Persian. account. Sharad ascribes the success of Kundan Saigal to the singer's rare ability 'to invade The original book titled 'Kundan' was written by Sharad Dutt in 2004 and earned the realm of popularity and enchant the masses while retaining classical base'. That is the author National Award for Best Book on Indian Cinema. why his music continues to resonate a century later. The book under review 'KUNDAN SAIGAL: HIS LIFE & TIMES' was released last Sharad has taken pains to visit all the towns and cities that shaped Kundan Saigal month at a well attended function in Delhi. It has been transcreated into English by to become such a legend. He builds the narrative around conversations with those who noted journalist and author Jyoti Sabharwal of the reputed Stellar. knew or worked with him and delivers one of the most well researched authentic and Sharad is an award winning documentary filmmaker and former DDG of Doordar- definite biographies of one of the greatest singer cum actorof the 2oth century. shan, an author and above all a connoisseur of art and literature. In the words of the The book starts with singer's initial struggle to gain entry and earn recognition from author :"My formative years were filled with music, particularly Saigal's songs, which the doyens who were part of the New Theatre in Calcutta and Ranjit Movietone and over the decades became a fixation." other producers in Bombay. The book also reflects on singer's visits to astrologers during the phase he was strug- According to Sharad, Saigal never let go the memories of that excruciating strug- gling to gain foothold in the movie industry. He visited noted astrologer Viswanath gle even when he touched the heights of stardom. He writes: "This realization gave Rajgadia at Nai Sarak, Delhi. On examining his horoscope, the astrologer said to him: him a sense of detachment from the material world and its trappings. It also bonded "All I wish to say is that this is a play of the stars. Anything is likely to happen, but him with the underprivileged, which was manifested in his generosity and philan- thropic streak". Kundan's father, Amar Chand Saigal, had migrated from his home town Jaland- har to Jammu where he worked in the court of Maharaja Hari Singh. Kundan was born Sharad has taken pains to on April 4, 1904 in Mohalla Mastgarh, Jammu. He inherited the talent from his moth- met a similar fate. However, his songs in YEHUDI KI LADKI became a hit: er Kesar Kaur who used to sing Bhajans. After exactly forty days, Kesar bathed new visit all the towns and cities "NUQTACHIN HAI GAAM-E- DIL, USKO SUNAYE NA BANEY" born son in River Tawi and then visited Sufi-Pir Salman Yosuf, and laid the baby at that shaped Kundan Saigal to (She is such a severe critic that I can't relate the grief of my heart). his feet to seek benediction. The author gives credit to Kundan Saigal for ushering in the new era of ghazal- become such a legend. He Saigal attended a primary school close to his residence and later shifted to Sri Ran- singing as he made poetry come alive, given his superb command over the language. builds the narrative around bir Singh High School. He also attended Prince of Wales College (presently Gandhi A bilingual artist, Saigal could sing and speak Bangla as proficiently as any Bengali. Memorial College). But he never showed great inclination towards studies often invit- conversations with those who And the real feather in his cap was being the only non-Bengali whom Gurudev Tagore ing reprimand from his teachers. knew or worked with him and gave permission to sing Rabindra Sangeet. During early 1900s, theater was a rage in Jammu and some Parsi theatre groups Sharad writes: "When CHANDIDAS in Bangla was remade in Hindi with singer- delivers one of the most well like Alfred, New Alfred and Victoria were active in staging dance dramas and plays at actor Kundan in the lead, his stellar act and sterling singing wowed the viewers, It was the Old Secretariat, while Ramleela was staged by Diwan Mandir Rangmanch (now researched authentic and his first professional success…" christened Sanatan Dharam Natak Samaj). definite biographies of one Soon, Nitin Bose directed POORAN BHAGAT in Hindi. Though Saigal didn't get Kundan would often be invited to lend his voice to Sita's anguish and sing songs any role in this film, Bose consented to picturise four bhajans on Saigal as a street of the greatest singer cum during Ramleelas. Incidentally, after Kundan left Jammu, the role of Sita was played singer. by Om Prakash Bakshi who after joining Bollywood came to be known as comedian actorof the 2oth century. But his most defining role was yet to come. Saigal sang two songs in PC Barua's Om Prakash. Similarly, Omkar Nath Dhar was another artist who would participate classic DEVDAS in Bengali, adapted from Sarat Chandra Chatterjee's novel. in Ramleela but later acquired a new identity and fame as Jeevan, playing the villain But it was in the Hindi version of DEVDAS in Hindi films. that Saigal came to play the lead role. The film met with huge success and the songs without purushrarth (mettle and perseverance), even stars can't alter your fate." After his retirement, Kundan's father decided to settle down in Jalandhar. He was sung by Saigal are popular even today: We all know that Saigal achieved an iconic stature in the film industry. But what never enamored of his son's desire to pursue music and often scolded him for not tak- "BALAM AAYE BASO MOREY MANN MEIN" the astrologer didn't know or didn't want to tell young Kundan was that his stardom ing up a regular job. This prompted him to leave for Delhi where he worked as an elec- wouldn't last that long. trician and later took up a sales representative for Remington typewriters. (Beloved, come and dwell in my heart) 'DUKH KE AB DIN AB BEETAT NAHIN' Soon after finishing shooting for SHAHJEHAN and PARWANA, his health start- During one business visits to Calcutta ( Kolkatta) in 1931, Saigal met B.N.Sircar of ed deteriorating and he decided to go back to Jalandhar to recuperate and return to New Theatres who hired him on a five-year contract at a monthly salary of Rs 200. At (The days of agony don't seem to get over), 'PIYA BIN NAAHIN AAVAT CHAIN' Bombay after sometime. But that was never to be. New Theatres, Kundan also got to meet celebrated musicians of those times - Raic- He died on January 18, 1947 leaving behind millions of grieving fans. ( There is no peace without the beloved). hand Boral, Pankaj Mullick and Timir Baran Bhattacharya - who further chiseled his As a tribute to this legendary singer, Shard aptly quotes Saquib Lakhnavi : Now Saigal was heading for super-stardom. craft. "BADE SHAUQ SE SUN RAHA THA ZAMANA, B.N. Sircar, too, held Saigal in high esteem, as in his words, "Saigal was not good- Kundan Saigal set the ball rolling with his maiden film MOHABBAT KE AANSU HUM HI SAU GAYE DASTAAN KEHTE-KEHTE" (1932) on January 16, 1932, under the supervision of music director Raichand Boral. looking. And yet he became popular. He was not glamorous, he was real, and he was (The world was listening with great fondness. I went off to sleep while narrating The film was directed by Premankur Atorthy. The film credits showed his name as Sai- true. A man dies in his legends, but Saigal would stay alive in his songs and in his act- the saga). It is one such book that lovers of music and Bollywood will find informa- gal Kashmiri - perhaps fearful of his father who din't want him to join the film indus- ing." tive, engaging and absorbing. try. It was time for Saigal to move to Bombay and he shifted base in 1941. He swung (The author is a noted management & media professional/ educator. He has been Head of Discovery Channel for But the film flopped. His next two films, ZINDA LAASH and SUBAH KA SITARA roles in films produced by Ranjit Movietone: BHAKT SURDAS, TANSEN and BHAN- South Asia.) The Dying Wular Dr Farooq Peer During the disastrous Kashmir floods of 2014 as the valley was inundated, it was realized that the capacity of wetlands to hold water had seriously shrunk. Whether it is the Dal Lake that is clearly crying for attention or the adjacent Nigeen Lake that looks dying day by day or the Wular Lake that has been shrinking alarmingly and Excelsior/ Abid Nabi mainly due to the negligence of the authorities. capacity has been lost over last three decades due to siltation from catchments and sports and water ski which has been recognized and even recently launched by I have vivid childhood memories of the Wular, when it would look like an ocean wetland conversions for agriculture and willow plantations. the Government of Indian Tourism in collaboration with the Kerala Tourism and to me as I stood on its banks with my friends on the occasion of school excursion. The Wular operates as a proficient basin for floodwaters, maintaining a bal- J&K Tourism. But this endeavour may also go to the winds due to the bad condi- Now as I see the Wular looks to be dying a slow death, with plenty of moss and algae ance in the hydrographic system in the Valley, therefore plays a significant role in tion of roads leading towards this great lake and courtesy to the indifferent atti- in its water. The Wular has been known for absorbing excess water during excess water safekeeping in the Kashmir valley by regulating the release of floodwaters. It tude of the Governments. The great and prominent Kashmiri King Zain ul Aab- rains, but the failure of it along with other wetlands of the valley to capture surplus is believed that the straight release of solid and liquid wastes from the settlements din, who had got done the construction of the artificial island of Zaina Lank in clearly demonstrates as to where the lake is heading towards all along River Jhelum mainly from Srinagar city and other towns in the upstream the middle of the lake in 1444, could be developed as another tourist attraction One of the largest freshwater lakes in Asia, Wular Lake has shrunk to nearly half area have led to degradation of water quality and health risks to the areas around as has been carried in the midst of the Dal Lake. With the tourist inflow, eco- its original area in the last few decades due to administrative apathy, extensive pol- the lake. In view of the huge biodiversity values, the lake was declared a Ramsar nomic growth and promotion could have been enforced in view of the tremen- lution, siltation and encroachment. The lake in north Kashmir's Bandipora district site (wetland of international importance) in 1990. But the conservation process dous capacity of fish production within the waters of the lake. There is no doubt is dying a silent death really which can be viewed on a visit to this fantastic lake. started only in 2011 when the Centre agreed to release Rs 120 crore in four instal- that the Wular Lake has immense tourism potential and the Government of JK The lake confronts environmental threats including the conversion of large parts of ments for conservation and restoration of the lake and nobody knows what is hap- ought to be very much interested in developing this place as a tourist destination catchment areas into agriculture land, siltation, rampant willow plantation, pening with that project and at what pace. by creating infrastructure and other facilities at this place. The valley is having encroachment, untreated sewage, solid waste and weed infestation. It covered an The Wular Lake, one of the largest Fresh water Lakes in Asia, could be a great shortage of drinking water and the protection of this lake can save us from any area of 217.8 sq km which included 58 sq km of associated marshes in 1911. The tourist destination. A visit around the lake covered by green mountain tops more trouble on this front. attracts and soothes the human souls. The beautiful and natural spot with green Time and again the worsening condition of Wular Lake has been highlighted by area was reduced to 86.71 sq km from 1911 to 2007. But as per the State's 2013 rev- the environmentalists and locals which needs attention for restoration of its past plants/ shrubs/ fields and with a majestic flowing stream upon a vast area round enue records, the lake's area has shrunk to 75 sq km. By and large, there has been glory. However, rarely have the authorities come forward with a plan on how to reduction of the lake area by 45% mainly due to conversion for agriculture (28%) the lake under the mountain hill of Hazrat Bab Shukr-ud Din (RA) could have restore the beauty of this great lake which is our pride. This leads to a question-why and plantation (17%). Further, associated marshes have been reduced by 70% again been developed as a very great tourist spot. But this probable prospective tourism is the Wular being ignored? The Wular of today and what was there before 30 years due to conversions for agriculture and settlements. One fifth of the water holding attraction lake has been ignored by all regimes. It has immense potential of water leaves a lot of unanswered questions.