Zootaxa: a Study on Genus Chlamydatus Curtis, 1833 From

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A study on genus Chlamydatus Curtis, 1833 from China (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

XIAO-MING LI & GUO-QING LIU Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Five species of Chlamydatus Curtis from China are presented of which two, Chlamydatus laminatus and Chlamydatus sichuanensis, are described as new. A key for discrimination of the Chinese species is given. Photographs of the dorsal habitus, scanning electron micrographs of the metathorax scent-gland, and illustrations of the male genitalia and legs are provided. All type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

Key words: Heteroptera, Miridae, Chlamydatus, new species, China

Introduction

Curtis (1833) erected the genus Chlamydatus, assigning it to the subfamily Phylinae. Wagner (1975) presented keys to subgenera and species, and illustrated the male genitalia. His work focused on the European fauna. Kelton (1965) revised Chlamydatus for North America, and included much new distributional information. Schuh and Schwartz (2005) thought Kelton’s paper had two weaknesses. The first was the acceptance of some flawed species concepts and the misidentification of certain taxa. Second, Kelton’s key relied heavily on pubescence type and coloration. As a consequence, Schuh and Schwartz (2005) reviewed the genus for North American and described two new species. In their papers, revised diagnoses, digital habitus illustrations, illustrations of male genitalia and legs, scanning micrographs of diagnostic features, and new distributional records are provided. Herein, our information on the Chinese Chlamydatus species is presented in a manner easily comparable to those contained in Schuh and Schwartz (2005). Kiritshenko (1931) was the first to study the Chlamydatus from China, and he (1931) described C. pachycerus Kiritshenko from Xizang (Tibet). Hsiao and Meng (1963) recorded C. pullus (Reuter) collected in cotton fields from China. Bao-ying, Qi and

Accepted by C. Schaefer: 28 Jun 2006; published: 24 Jul. 2006 57

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ZOOTAXA Nonnaizab (1995) recorded C. pulicarius (Fallén) from North China. 1271 In this paper, five species of Chlamydatus from China are treated, with two described as new to science. A key for identification of the Chinese species is given. The digital habitus figures, illustrations of the male genitalia and legs, and scanning micrographs of metathorax scent-gland are also provided. Detailed distributional information is listed for most material examined, including number and sex of specimens, except C. pachycerus.

Materials and methods

All genitalic illustrations were made from temporary slide mounts in lactophenol, using an Olympus SZ-ST microscope. Dorsal view photographs were made with a Nikon SMZ1000 apparatus. Scanning electron micrographs were prepared on a FEI Quanta200 microscope. All measurements are in millimeters. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

Taxonomy

Chlamydatus Curtis, 1833

Chlamydatus Curtis 1833: 198. Type species: Chlamydatus marginatus Curtis, 1833

Diagnosis: Small, elongate oval or ovate; sometimes submacropterous with membrane shortened and just covering abdomen, or brachypterous leaving much of abdomen exposed; coloration of body dark, often entirely black; eyes bulging and often extending laterally beyond anterolateral angles of pronotum; antennal segment II usually slender, generally no longer than width of head; femora moderately broad; claws only moderately elongate, nearly straight over much of length, pulvilli relatively large, adnate to at least basal half of ventral claw surface; parempodia setiform; vestiture of dorsum composed of simple setae, dull black to silvery or golden and shining, sometimes appearing neatly arranged. Male genitalia: Vesica with a single strap, apical attenuation single; gonopore relatively large, closed both proximally and distally; phallotheca strongly sclerotized; left paramere conventional phyline; right paramere lanceolate. Dark-colored Chlamydatus spp. are most easily confused with some of the small black species of Plagiognathus Fieber and Phoenicocoris Reuter, but they can be distinguished by the male genitalia and setae on the dorsum.

Key to the Chinese species of Chlamydatus Curtis ZOOTAXA 1271 1 Body length shorter than 2.00 ...... C. pachycerus Kiritshenko - Body length more than 2.10 ...... 2 2 Fore- and middle femora entirely yellow, never basal infuscation, hind femora dark brown to nearly black, pale distally, in marked contrast to fore- and middle femora (Fig. 17)...... C. sichuanensis sp. nov. - Coloration of femora not as above, coloration of hind femora not strongly contrasting with that of fore- and middle femora (Figs. 13–16)...... 3 3 Femora yellow, with dark spots (Fig. 13); phallotheca with a lobelike projection dorsally (Fig. 19) ...... C. laminatus sp. nov. - Femora dark, with pale distal bands or not (Figs. 14–16); phallotheca not as above ... 4 4 Smaller species, length less than 2.40; vesica tapering towards apex (Fig. 24); apical portion of phallotheca tapered (Fig. 25)...... C. pullus (Reuter) - Larger species, length longer than 2.65; vesica greatly elongated and not tapering towards apex (Fig. 21); apical portion of phallotheca greatly elongate and slender (Fig. 22) ...... C. pulicarius (Fallén)

TABLE 1. Measurements of Chlamydatus species

Species Range Body Head Interocular Eye AntSeg2 Pronotum Pronotum and sex length width distance width length length witdth laminatus Male minimum 2.60 0.62 0.33 0.16 0.59 0.39 0.98 maximum 2.81 0.71 0.37 0.17 0.68 0.43 1.04 Female minimum 2.32 0.60 0.32 0.12 0.56 0.36 0.86 maximum 2.64 0.66 0.36 0.15 0.61 0.42 1.02 pulicarius Male minimum 2.97 0.79 0.38 0.21 0.69 0.54 1.05 maximum 3.24 0.84 0.45 0.26 0.76 0.57 1.38 Female minimum 2.65 0.78 0.36 0.21 0.60 0.49 0.95 maximum 2.81 0.84 0.47 0.23 0.72 0.53 1.06 pullus Male minimum 2.37 0.68 0.31 0.15 0.57 0.42 0.83 maximum 2.40 0.71 0.36 0.17 0.60 0.43 0.90 Female minimum 2.12 0.66 0.30 0.14 0.53 0.38 0.83 maximum 2.30 0.67 0.32 0.15 0.56 0.39 0.88 sichuanensis Male minimum 2.57 0.62 0.31 0.17 0.61 0.34 0.90 maximum 2.68 0.66 0.32 0.18 0.63 0.37 0.93 Female minimum 2.28 0.58 0.31 0.12 0.54 0.32 0.83 maximum 2.40 0.60 0.34 0.14 0.55 0.34 0.91

ZOOTAXA Chlamydatus laminatus sp. nov. 1271 (Figs. 1–2, 9, 13, 18–20)

Type specimens: Holotype: male, CHINA: Xiaojin County (30°59'N, 102°21'E), Sichuan Province, alt. 2350m, 26.viii.1963, Le-yi Zheng leg.. Paratypes: 3 males, 6 females, same data as holotype. Diagnosis: Recognized by the small size, total length 2.32–2.81, the ovoid shape, the dark coloration of body, the yellow femora with dark spots, and the form of male genitalia. Most similar to C. pullus in size and coloration of dorsum, but distinguished by the structure of phallotheca and the coloration of femora. The new species has a lobelike projection on the dorsum of the phallotheca (Fig.19), whereas the phallotheca of C. pullus is without a lobelike projection (Fig.25); the femoral coloration is also different (Figs.13, 16). Description: Male (Fig. 1): Macropterous, elongately oval. Coloration: Dorsum black; eye brown with margin pale; antennae unicolorous black, covered with dark hairs; clypeus black; buccula yellow, with pale long setae; labium deep brown; exposed part of mesoscutum black; membrane of wing fumose, without any spots; coxae dark; femora pale brown, with dark spots (Fig. 13); tibiae pale brown; tibial spines black, with distinct black bases; tarsal segment III and claw blackish brown; body beneath blackish brown. Structure: Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, covered with recumbent, pale, simple setae; antennal segment I with 2 blackish brown setae at the middle; anterolateral angles of pronotum with a long erect spine; abdominal venter with shining, recumbent hairs; head almost vertical; clypeus nearly obscured from above; vertex broad, relatively flat in dorsal view, posterior margin of vertex straight; eyes more or less conforming to anterior margin of pronotum, occupying almost total height of head in lateral view; dorsal margin of antennal fossa at level of ventral margin of eye; total segments III and IV longer than length of segment II; labium reaching to about posterior margin of middle trochanters; hemelytra nearly parallel-sided, corial margin slightly convex, hemelytra weakly deflexed at fracture; membrane relatively developed; metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in Fig. 9. Male genitalia (Figs. 18–20): Vesica relatively small with a short apical attenuation, secondary gonopore well sclerotized, situated near apex of vesica; left paramere boat- shaped; right paramere lanceolate; phallotheca distinctive from other species of this genus, with a lobelike projection dorsally. Female (Fig. 2): The coloration and surface are similar to male. But the size smaller than male, body broader, hemelytra more convexly rounded. Distribution: China (Sichuan ). Etymology: Named for the dorsal lobelike projection of the phallotheca.

ZOOTAXA 1271

FIGURES 1–8. Habitus views of Chlamydatus spp. 1. laminatus (male); 2. laminatus (female); 3. pulicarius (male); 4. pulicarius (female); 5. pullus (male); 6. pullus (female); 7. sichuanensis (male); 8. sichuanensis (female)

ZOOTAXA 1271

FIGURES 9–12. Scanning electron micrographs of scent-gland evaporatory area of Chlamydatus spp. 9. laminatus; 10. pulicarius; 11. pullus; 12. sichuanensis

Chlamydatus pachycerus Kiritshenko, 1931

Chlamydatus pachycerus Kiritshenko, 1931: 384; Carvalho, 1958: 33; Schuh, 1995: 291; Kerzhner, 1999: 327.

Diagnosis: Recognizable by the small size, total length 1.80–2.00, the width across pronotum 0.70, the hemelytron width 0.80–1.00, the unicolorous hemelytra sometimes being brachypterous, the relatively thick antennal segments I and II, the black femora with pale distal bands, and the yellow tibia with black, long, and thick spines. Distribution: China (Xizang (=Tibet)). Remark: Kiritshenko (1931) described Chlamydatus pachycerus. Subsequently, this species only appeared in catalogs, without further description. All the specimens examined

by Kiritshenko were collected from the Tibet with the altitude not less than 4000m. There ZOOTAXA are no illustrations or a description of male genitalia available. We could not examine type 1271 specimens of this species. The diagnosis is based on the paper of Kiritshenko (1931). From Kiritshenko’s description, C. pachycerus can be separated from other species of this genus.

Chlamydatus pulicarius (Fallén, 1807) (Figs. 3–4, 10, 14–15, 21–23)

Lygaeus pulicarius Fallén, 1807: 95. Orthocephalus flavipes Matsumura, 1911: 39. Chlamydatus pulicarius: Wagner and Weber, 1964: 426; Kelton, 1965: 1132; Kerzhner, 1978: 44; Bao-ying Qi. and Nonnaizab, 1995: 61; Tamanini, 1982: 127; Schuh and Schwartz, 2005: 42.

Diagnosis: Recognized by the relatively large size, total length 2.65–3.24, the often ovate to obovate body form, submacropterous and the hemelytra just covering the abdomen (Fig. 4), or macropterous, and the unicolorous black dorsum. The coloration of antennal segments I and II varying from yellow to entirely black. Femora dark with pale distal bands or not (Figs. 14–15). Most easily confused with C. pullus, but C. pulicarius total length 2.65 or more, whereas C. pullus always less than 2.40. Male genitalia (Figs. 21–23): Vesica convoluted, and with a long, apical process and not tapering towards apex; secondary gonopore well sclerotized, distant from apex of vesica; apical portion of phallotheca elongate. Specimens Examined: CHINA: Hebei Province: Weichang County (41°15'N, 117°12'E), 7 males, 6 females, 17–19.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue leg.. Nei Mongol Autonomous Region: Alihe (50°34'N, 123°42'E), 4 males, 6 females, 11.vii.1988, Hong- yang Li leg.; Bugt (48°46'N, 121°53'E), 5 males, 4 females, 4.vii.1988, Hong-yang Li leg.; Mordaga (51°17'N, 120°43'E), 1 male, 3 females, 8.vii.1988, Hong-yang Li leg.; Tomortei (41°52'N, 113°8'E), 2 males, 16 females, 12–13.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue and Chang-fa Zhou leg.. Jilin Province: Changbai Mountains (42°2'N, 128°8'E), alt. 1100m, 2 males, 1 female, 2.vii.1986, Hong-yang Li and Wen-jun Bu leg.. Heilongjiang Province: Mohe County (53°1'N, 122°27'E), 1 male, 3 females, 7.vii.1984, Ping-ping Chen leg.; Yichun City (47°42'N, 128°56'E), 2 males, 2 females, 21.vii.1980, Le-yi Zheng leg.. Sichuan Province: Zoigé County (Dagcagoin) (33°37'N, 102°57'E), alt. 3300m, 72 males, 47 females, 25–26.vii.1963, Sheng-li Liu, Jiang Xiong and Huan-guang Zou leg.. Qinghai Province: Hui Autonous county of Menyuan (37°22'N, 101°38'E), 12 males, 2 females, 20.vii.1989, Le-yi Zheng leg.. Ningxia Province: Liupan Mountains (35°24'N, 106°14'E), 1 male, 2 females, 7.viii.1987. Distribution: China (Hebei, Nei Mongol, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Sichuan, Qinghai, Ningxia), Sweden, Denmark, Russia, Germany, England, France, Spain, Austria, Italy, Canada, and USA.

ZOOTAXA 1271

FIGURES 13–17. Patterns on legs of Chlamydatus spp. 13. laminatus; 14. pulicarius; 15. pulicarius;16. pullus; 17. sichuanensis

Chlamydatus pullus (Reuter, 1870) (Figs. 5–6, 11, 16, 24–26)

Agalliastes pullus Reuter, 1870: 324. Campylomma albicans Jakovlev, 1893: 308. Chlamydatus pullus: Sticher, 1956: 351; Hsiao and Meng, 1963: 446; Josifov and Kerzhner, 1967: 3; Schuh and Schwartz, 2005: 47.

Diagnnosis: Recognized by the brown coloration, the small size, total length 2.12–2.40, elongate ovoid to ovate, and the form of the male genitalia. Antennal segment I black, segment II yellowish distally, or entirely black, segment III and segment IV ranging from almost yellowish to entirely black. Femora black with narrow, yellow distal bands (Fig. 16).

ZOOTAXA 1271

FIGURES 18–30. Male genitalia of Chlamydatus spp. 18–20. laminatus: 18. Vesica; 19. Phallotheca; 20. Left paramere. 21–23. pulicarius: 21. Vesica; 22. Phallotheca; 23. Left paramere. 24–26. pullus: 24. Vesica; 25. Phallotheca; 26. Left paramere. 27–30. sichuanensis: 27. Vesica; 28. Phallotheca; 29. Left paramere; 30. Right paramere.

Male genitalia (Figs. 24–26): Vesica tapering towards apex; secondary gonopore well sclerotized, distant from apex of vesica. Specimens Examined: CHINA: Beijing (39°55'N, 116°24'E): 4 males, 3 females, 20.vii.1953; 2 males, 11.vii.1955; 1 male, 1 female, 1.vii.1957, He-song Ying and Shao- hua Li leg.. Tianjin (39°2'N, 117°12'E): 2 males, 17.vi.1975, Huan-guang Zou leg.; 1 male, 2 females, 6.vi.1978. Hebei Province: Fengning County (41°12'N, 116°38'E), 7 males, 4 females, 23.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue leg.; Kangbao County (41°51'N, 114°36'E), 11 males, 19 females, 30–31.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue and Wan-liang Zhang leg.; Weichang

ZOOTAXA County (41°15'N, 117°12'E), 1 male, 1 female, 17.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue leg.; Zhangbei 1271 County (41°9'N, 114°42'E), 3 males, 2 females, 3.vii.2000, Huai-jun Xue leg.. Shanxi Province: Yuncheng City (35°2'N, 110°59'E), 2 males, 5 females, 4.ix.1974, Huan-guang Zou leg.. Nei Mongol Autonomous Region: Chifeng City (42°17'N, 118°58'E), 1 male, 2 females, 24.vii.2001, Chang-fa Zhou and Huai-jun Xue leg.; Dong Ujimqin Banner (45°30'N, 116°56'E), 40 males, 12 females, 8.vii.2001, Chang-fa Zhou and Huai-jun Xue leg.; Erenhot City (43°38'N, 111°58'E), 11 males, 3 females, 19.vii.2001, Chang-fa Zhou and Huai-jun Xue leg.; Hailar City (49°12'N, 119°39'E), 13 males, 9 females, 3–4.vii.1981, Huan-guang Zou and Ping-ping Chen leg.; Hexigten Banner (43°15'N, 117°31'E), 1 male, 6 females, 22.vii.2001, Chang-fa Zhou and Huai-jun Xue leg.; Mordaga (51°17'N, 120°43'E), 8 males, 4 females, 7.vii.1988, Hong-yang Li leg.; Xilinhot City (43°57'N, 116°3'E), 10 males, 11 females, 19.vii.2001, Chang-fa Zhou and Huai-jun Xue leg.. Jilin Province: Changbai Mountains (42°2'N, 128°8'E), 5 males, 26.vi.1986, Wen-jun Bu leg.. Heilongjiang Province: Maor Mountains (45°16'N, 127°30'E), 5 males, 3 females, 24.vi.1984, Pin-gping Chen leg.; Mudanjing City (44°35'N, 129°36'E), 6 males, 1 Female, 1.viii.1980, Le-yi Zheng leg.. Henan Province: Anyang City (36°6'N, 114°21'E ), 7 males, 1 female, 23.vi.1956. Shannxi Province: Wugong County (34°16'N, 108°12'E ), 32 males, 11 females, 8.vii.1973. Ningxia Province: Yinchuan City (38°27'N, 106°16'E ), 5 males, 19 females, 27.vii.1987, Le-yi Zheng leg. Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang: Altun Mountains (47°11'N, 119°58'E), 9 males, 7 females, 11.vii. 1975. Distribution: China (Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Nei Mongol, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan, Shannxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang), Turkey, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Russia, Germany, Serbia, England, Spain, Austria, Italy, Canada, and USA.

Chlamydatus sichuanensis sp. nov. (Figs. 7–8, 12, 17, 27–30)

Type specimens: Holotype: male, CHINA: Xiaojin County (30°59'N, 102°21'E), Sichuan Province, alt. 2350m, 26.viii.1963, Le-yi Zheng leg.. Paratypes: 6 males, 13 females, same data as holotype. Diagnosis: Recognizable by its small size, total length 2.28–2.68, the ovate to obovate body form, the coloration of the antennal segments varying from yellow to black, the coloration of leg (Fig. 17), and the structure of male genitalia. Similar in size and general appearance to C. pullus, easily distinguished by coloration of the femora. In the new species, the fore and middle femora are yellowish, the hind femora are dark brown on proximal 80% and pale distally. However, in C. pullus the femora are dark, with deep yellow at apex only. Description: Male (Fig. 7): Macropterous, elongately oval. Coloration: Body dark; eye brown, but margin yellow; the coloration of antennae varying from completely yellow to almost black; clypeus and buccula dark; labium

ranging from brown to black; fore- and middle femora entirely yellow, with dark spots, ZOOTAXA hind femora dark brown, pale distally; tibia yellow and tibial spines brown with brown 1271 bases; tarsal segment III and claws darkened; abdomen uniformly black. Structure: Dorsum smooth and weakly shining, covered with recumbent, shining, and simple setae; clypeus not visible from above; frons and vertex broad and flattened in dorsal view; posterior margin of vertex moderately rounded; eyes not conforming to anterior margin of pronotum; antenna inserted below ventral margin of eye; antennal segments III and IV slender than segment II, total length longer than segment II; labium reaching to posterior margin of middle trochanters; hemelytra nearly parallel-sided, corial margin slightly convex; cuneal fracture weakly incised, hemelytra almost not deflexed at fracture; membrane fully developed; metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in Fig. 12; pygophore not very large relative to total size of abdomen. Male genitalia (Figs. 27–30): Vesica curving, apical spine of vesica short; secondary gonopore large, located near apex of vesica; phallotheca heavily sclerotized; left paramere boat-shaped, typical of Phylini; right paramere decurved apically. Female (Fig. 8): Similar to male, but smaller and more ovoid than male. Distribution:China (Sichuan). Etymology: Named for the area (Sichuan Province of China) where the type material was found.

Acknowledgements

We thank Drs. Randall T. Schuh and Michael D. Schwartz for providing their paper (2005). This project is supported by National Natural Science Fundation (No.30470210) of China.

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