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Social Impact Assessment (SIA)

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Social Impact Assessment (SIA) *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Western Economic Corridor & Regional Enhancement Program (WeCARE-AIIB Program) Hatikumrul-Bonpara –Jhenaidah Road Phase 1 (Khustia-Jhenaidah-66.7 km) Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Roads and Highways Department (RHD) October 2020 *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Abbreviations AIIB Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank BBS Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics BRTA Bangladesh Road Transport Authority CPR Community Property Resources DCs Deputy Commissioners EC Executive Committee ESF Environmental and Social Framework ESSs Environmental and Social Standards FD Forest Department GIS Geographical Information System GOB Government of Bangladesh GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM Grievance redress mechanism HHs Households MOA Ministry of Agriculture MoRTB Ministry of Road Transport & Bridges NGO Non-Governmental Organization PAPs Project Affected Persons PIU Project Implementation Unit PPEs Personal Protection Equipment RHD Roads and Highways Department RoW Right of Way SWR South- West Region WB World Bank i | P a g e *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Table of Contents Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................ i Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... vii Chapter One: Introduction and Project Description .................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Potential Risk and Impacts and categorization .................................................................................. 1 1.3 Program components ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Project location .................................................................................................................................. 3 1.5 Scope of SIA........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.6 Approach and Methodology of the SIA.............................................................................................. 6 Chapter Two: Legal Policy Framework ......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 GoB and AIIB Policy ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.1 Land Acquisition policy of Bangladesh Government .................................................................. 7 2.2.2 AIIB POLICIES ............................................................................................................................. 10 2.3 Gaps between GoB policies and AIIB ESS2, and gap filling measures ............................................. 15 2.4 Brief overview of labor legislation: terms and conditions ............................................................... 20 Chapter Three: Baseline and Socio-economic condition ........................................................................... 24 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 24 3.2 Summary Baseline condition ........................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Demographic Profile of Affected Population ................................................................................... 26 3.3.1 Gender distribution of Household Heads ................................................................................. 26 3.3.2 Sex Profile of affected population ............................................................................................ 27 3.3.3 Affected HH population by Age structure ................................................................................. 27 3.4 Socio-Economic Profile of Potential Affected Population ............................................................... 27 3.4.1 Distribution of HH population ................................................................................................... 28 3.4.2 Religion of the affected Population .......................................................................................... 28 3.4.3 Marital Status ............................................................................................................................ 29 3.4.4 Education Level of Affected Population .................................................................................... 29 3.4.5 Occupation of the affected HH population ............................................................................... 30 3.4.6 Income level of the Affected HHs ............................................................................................. 30 3.4.7 Income –expenditure and savings by the affected HHs ........................................................... 31 3.4.8 Affected HHs by amount of own land ....................................................................................... 31 3.5 Overall Living Standard and Economic Conditions of the Affected HHs .......................................... 31 3.5.1 Accessibility to and Use of Different Civic Amenities ............................................................... 31 3.5.2 Access to drinking water, sanitation and energy sources ......................................................... 32 ii | P a g e *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Social Impact Assessment (SIA) 3.5.3 Sanitation in project affected area ........................................................................................... 33 3.5.4 Use of Electricity ....................................................................................................................... 33 3.5.5 Access to financial services and credit facilities........................................................................ 33 3.5. 6 Vulnerable HHs......................................................................................................................... 34 3.6 Women Empowerment and Participation in the Project Road Area ............................................... 34 3.7 Risks of STIs Associated with the Project ......................................................................................... 35 3.8 Risks of Human Trafficking ............................................................................................................... 36 3.9 Occupational training received and demand thereof ...................................................................... 36 3.10 COVID-19 situation in the project influence area .......................................................................... 37 Chapter Four: Social Impact Assessment ................................................................................................... 38 4 .1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 38 4.2 Social Impact assessment procedure ............................................................................................... 38 4.3 Potential Impacts and Risks ............................................................................................................. 39 4.3.1 Impacts on Land acquisition and resettlements ....................................................................... 39 4.3.2 Impacts on Labor ....................................................................................................................... 42 4.3.3 Labor Influx ............................................................................................................................... 43 4.3.4 Impacts on Gender and GBV ..................................................................................................... 43 4.3.5 Occupational Health and Safety................................................................................................ 44 Chapter Five: Resettlement Planning and R&R Budget ............................................................................. 46 5.1 Principle ........................................................................................................................................... 46 5.2 Methods to Determine Cut-Off Date ............................................................................................... 46 5.3 Eligibility Criteria .............................................................................................................................. 46 5.4 Determination and Payment of Top-up ........................................................................................... 48 5.5 Entitlements matrix: Eligible PAPs, Assets and Compensation Guidelines ..................................... 49 5.6 Land Acquisition and Resettlement Budget ..................................................................................... 50 Chapter Six: Implementation, Supervision and Monitoring of
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