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Courriers De Militaires Pendant La Campagne D'abyssinie. (1935-1937)

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Courriers De Militaires Pendant La Campagne D'abyssinie. (1935-1937) 1 Courriers de Militaires pendant la Campagne d’Abyssinie. (1935-1937) Depuis la conquête de l’Erythrée à la fin du XIXème siècle, l’Italie a des vues sur l’Empire Éthiopien voisin. Une première tentative a lieu en 1896 avec le Corps Expéditionnaire du Général Baratieri. Elle se finit par le désastre d’Adoua le 1 mars sur 15 000 soldats plus de 6 000 sont morts, 1400 blessés 3 000 sont prisonniers. Les 56 canons sont pris. A la fin de la Ière Guerre Mondiale l’Italie qui a combattu avec les l’Alliés ne reçoit pratiquement pas de compensations. Cette frustration et le désir de vengeance vont pousser Mussolini à entreprendre une deuxième Guerre. Et créer un grand Empire colonial qui engloberait l’Érythrée l’Éthiopie et la Somalie. Dès le début 1935 des troupes sont mobilisées et acheminées en Libye (en réserve et susceptibles d’être envoyées sur le front 6 divisions dont 3 qui prendront part aux combats). D’autres sont directement envoyées sur le futur théâtre d’opérations. Sur le front nord de l’Érythrée 7 divisions de troupes italiennes, 5 de Chemises Noires, 2 groupes de Chemises Noires autonomes 2 divisions indigènes entreront à partir du 3 octobre 1935 en Éthiopie. Sur le front sud de la Somalie 1 division de troupes italiennes une de Chemises noires et 2 de troupes indigènes. En tout 300 000 italiens 90 000 indigènes mobilisés. Carte Postale en Franchise écrite en arabe par un Militaire Libyen de la Compagnie des Mitrailleuses du 3ème Régiment d’Infanterie Coloniale de la Division d’Infanterie Libia, le 11 juin 1936. Elle est adressée à un commerçant de la ville de Misurata en Tripolitaine. T. à D. POSTA MILITARE 123 S 2 Cette nouvelle collection complète ma précédente présentation « Postes Militaires Italiennes pendant la Campagne d’Abyssinie ». Elle présentait les cachets des différentes grandes unités constituées. Celle ci montre les aspects quotidiens du courrier d’un militaire en campagne, à travers les unités dans lesquelles il se trouve (excepté les grandes Unités Régiments…. présentes dans la collection précédente) Traduction 5 mai 1936 XIV Addis Abeba Cher Cesare Comme tu vois la vielle garde pas molle ni maintenant ni jamais. Je ème t’envoie instantanément à toute Carte Postale en Franchise d’un officier du 46 Régiment d’Infanterie ta famille de la capitale de Écrite le 5 mai mais postée seulement le 29. Fait-il parti des troupes l’Empire colonial italien mes redirigées dès le lendemain le long de la voie ferrée pour faire la cordiales salutations jonction avec celles arrivant de Somalie. La jonction aura bien lieu seulement le 9 mai jour de l’entrée du Général Graziani à Dirré Daoua. XIV signifie 14ème année de l’avènement du Fascisme. Cette datation se retrouve sur les correspondances et surtout sur certains cachets Présentation Chapitre III Des Militaires et du courrier reçu Chapitre I Des Militaires et du courrier envoyé Pages 67-69 Tarifs pour les Militaires Pages 04-07 Services fournis par la P.M. Pages 70-78 Vers les Divisions Pages 08-12 Documents à disposition Chapitre IV Épilogue Pages 13-18 Tarifs Militaires Pages 79-80 Pages 19-23 Affranchissements non conformes Chapitre II Des Militaires et leurs unités Page 24 Organigramme Pages 25-41 Unités de soutien endivisionnées Pages 42-50 Unités non endivisionnées Pages 51-52 Deux cas particuliers Pages 53-56 Aviation Pages 57-60 Marine Pages 61-66 Officiers supérieurs . 3 Le 13 mai 1936 un bureau central pour les Militaires est ouvert à Addis Abeba. Il est rattaché à l’Intendance Générale. Il sera le seul à fonctionner jusqu’en 1938. Lettre 1er échelon par Avion jusqu’à Rome puis par Zeppelin pour le Brésil d’un légionnaire de la 221ème Légion CC NN. Cachet rouge DEUTSCHE EUROPASUD AMERIKA. T. à d. POSTA MILITARE 130 E* du 25 août 1936 Tarif du 11 février 1933 1 L. 25 Lettre Étranger 1er échelon+ 1 L. par Avion jusqu’à Rome + 6 L. Zeppelin Documentation http://www.regioesercito.it/milizia/mvsnmilfor.htm. Roberto Sciaky: Hailé Selassié the exil, the restoration, the deposition Roberto Sciaky: Étihiopia 1967-1936 R. P. Payne: Ethiopia booklet n VIII Italian occupation & World War II 1936-1943 Ethiopian Philatélic Society : Menelik Journal Très nombreux articles Ethiopian Colector Club Piero Macrelli & Bruno Crevato-Servaggi : Revue Qui filatelia Guiseppe Marchese & Piero Macrelli : La Posta Militare in A.O.I. AICPM Site italien Giorgio Miglavacca: Italian east africa a chronology 1888-1952 Virgilio Lunardon : La Posta Militare con l’Africa Orientale Serge Magallon : Histoire Belge La Censure pendant la guerre d’Abyssinie, expo & Philatélie Française n° 673 novembre décembre 2016 . https://www.asso-philatelique- montpellier.fr/538+histoire-postale-ethiopie-1935-1936-histoire-belge.html Serge Magallon : expo Postes Civiles de l’Éthiopie & de l’A.O.I. (1936-1942) Serge Magallon : Les Postes Militaires Italiennes pendant la campagne d’Abyssinie) http://expo.fsfi.it/milano2016/exhibits/18Magallon.pdf I Services fournis par la Poste Militaire 4 Courriers simples La Poste Militaire est habilitée à traiter tous types de courrier excepté les Express. Les courriers peuvent être en Franchise ou bien affranchis au tarif du 11 février 1933, A émettre des Mandats. Recevoir des Télégrammes. De recevoir seulement les petits colis postaux. Voie Maritime Carte Postale par la voie Maritime. Écrite à Décaméré en Érythrée elle est postée le 15 mars 1936 T. à D. POSTA MILITARE 125 E Tarif 20 c. Carte Postale Italie 5 mots Voie Aérienne Aérogramme. Écrit à Dessié Éthiopie, il est posté le 9 septembre 1936. T. à D. POSTA MILITARE N. 210 *EMISSIONE B* 50 c. Tarir 50 c. Lettre Italie 1er échelon + 1 L. par Avion. Il ne dépasse pas 5 g. I Services fournis par la Poste Militaire 5 Autres courriers Lettre Recommandée 1er échelon voie Maritime d’un médecin du 78ème Hôpital à Asmara affranchie Érythrée T. à D. POSTA MILITARE N. 12 * du 12 7 35 Tarif 50 c. Lette Italie 1er échelon + 1 L. 25 Recommandé voie Maritime Étranger voie Maritime Lettre pour la Roumanie Écrite à Mogadiscio, elle est postée le 29 7 36. T. à D. MOGADISCIO *CONCENTR. MILIT.* Tarif 1 L. 25 Lettre Étranger 1er échelon voie Maritime. I services fournis par la Poste Militaire 6 Mandats Voie Maritime Voie Aérienne Voie Aérienne Après novembre 1935 Jusqu’en novembre 1935 Surtaxe 1 L. Surtaxe 75 c. T. à D. POSTA MILITARE* 130 E* du 15 mai 37 Envoyé par un artilleur de la Envoyé par un Militaire Libyen 1ère Division CC NN . T à D. du 5ème Régiment Division Libia POSTA MILITARE N. 101 * T. à D. POSTA MILITARE N.106 EMISSIONE B* du 5 octobre 36 *EMISSIONE A*du 24 décembre 36 I Services fournis par la Poste Militaire 7 Télégramme Télégramme envoyé de Rome Reçu le 24 10 35à Asmara transmis à l’État Major Général T. à D. POSTA MILITARE N° 12 (A). puis à la 1ère Division des Chemises Noires CC NN 23 Marzo compagnie lance flammes. Télégramme envoyé de Cernobbio province de Côme Reçu le 16 juin 1935 à Mogadiscio puis transmis à la 29ème Division d’Infanterie Peloritana. T. à D. POSTA MILITARE * NUMERO 98* à un caporal maggiore de la 29ème autosezione misto autofrigorifici (de la 29ème section de véhicules frigorifiques.) I Documents mis à disposition 8 Entier Postal type I En 1935 une carte postale est imprimée et distribuée aux militaires de bas rang : soldats, caporaux et caporaux majors et équivalent pour les autres armes. En principe les officiers en sont écartés. La franchise pour les militaires s’arrête le 1 janvier 1937 Mention unique sur le dos avec dans l’hexagone droit « exempte de taxe pour l’Italie et ses colonies » Écrite quelque part en Érythrée par un ème militaire Chemise Noire de la 2 Compagnie du Génie 2ème Division Chemises Noires CC NN 28 Ottobre IV Corps d’Armée..T. 0 D. POSTA MILITARE *102* I Documents mis à dispositions 9 Entier Postal type II En 1936 deux nouveaux types de cartes sont distribués Dos mention ajoutée AFRICA ORIENTALE avec dans l’hexagone droit toujours « exempte de taxe pour l’Italie et ses colonies » Face carte de la future Afrique Orientale. Les frontières ont été gommées et seuls restent les Eritrea Etiopia Somalia Italiana Écrite à Abbi Addi (Tigré) par un militaire du 2ème battaglione Speciale. 2ème Division Chemises Noires CC NN 28 Ottobre IV Corpo Armata C à D. POSTA MILITARE * 102 * du 15 juin 36 I Documents Mis à disposition 10 Entier Postal type III Identique au type II. Est ajoutée la mention IMPERIO ETIOPIA en gras. Somalia a perdu son qualificatif d’italiana. La carte est surmontée AFRICA ORIENTALE ITALIANA Écrite à Asmara par un Militaire de l’Office des Versements et Dépenses Militaires. C. à d. ASMARA CONCENTRAMENTO * POSTA MILIT. * du 27 novembre 36. * I Documents Mis à disposition 11 Entier Postal type IV Identique au type III. Ajouté en dessous de la ligne pour la Ville Istituto Italiano d’Arti Grafiche. Bergamo Écrit à Gura (Aérodrome Militaire) en Érythrée. Postée le 29 juillet 37. T. à D. CONCENTR. SUSS. P. M. * ASMARA *. La franchise pour les militaires ayant été supprimée le 1 janvier, elle doit être affranchie. Ici au tarif normal du 11 février 1933 20 c. Carte Postale Italie 5 mots + 1 L. par Avion I Documents mis à disposition 12 Aérogramme Mis en vente spécialement pour l’Afrique Orientale d’un poids de 5 g. ce qui est l’unité d’échelon par Avion. Donc en principe, il doit être affranchi à 1 L.
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