1914._ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 11961 llouse bUl 5303. to tux mail-order houses; to the Committee Troy, nll in the State of New York. protesting against national on Wnys and ~Jeans. prohibition: to the Committee on Rules. Also. petition of sundry citizens of Quincy, Ill., against By :Mr. TRACHEU: Petitions nnd resolutions of sundry citi­ nntionnl prohibition; to tbe Committee on Rnles. zens of Bourne~ the Methodist Episeopal Church of Hanson· By Mr. KALAXIAXAOLE: Petition of 630 citizens of Hono­ sundq' citizens of Scituate; the Baptist Young People's Unl~ lulu, Hawaii. nud 150 citizens of Oahu. Hawaii, favoring na­ of .Mtddleboro; the First Portuguese Alethodist Episcopal tional prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. Chureh of New Bedford; the Methodist Chureh o-f Chilmark; By ~r. KEISTER: Petition of sundry ritizens of Jeannette, tile New England Yearly :lleeting of Friends; sundry citizens ot Pa.. fa,·oring the passage of the Hobson-Sheppard resolutions. Vineyard Hnven. Wareham, and Xew Bedford; the Bnrnstable l\-·hirb pro,·ide for a prohibition :tmendment to the Federal Con­ Woman's Christian Temperance Union; the Falmouth Woman's stitution; to the Committee on Rules. Christian 'l'emperance Union; the Penttlcostnl Church of the Also. petition of J. William Wellen. of Latrobe, Pa., protesting Nazarene, of Wareham; the Plymouth County Womnn's Chris­ against national prohibition; to the ·committee on Rules. tian Temperance Univn; the Qunrterly Conference of the Metho­ Also. petition of the Baptist Young People's Union of New dist E-piscopal Church of Acushnet; the Quarterly Conference Kensington, Pa., favoring national pro-hibition; to tbe Com­ of tbe Methodist Episcopal Church of Umg Plain; the Senior mittee on Rules. Cbristia n Endetwor of Hanson~ the Quarterly Cooference of the By Mr. KE:\'XEDY of Rhode Island: Petition of Charles E. Methodist Episcopal Cbureh of Murion; and the Christian En­ Dunham, of Pro,·idPnre, R. I., protesting against national pro­ deavor Society of Hanson. all in the State of Massachusetts, hib'tion; to the Committee on Rules. fa '\Ori'ng adoption of nn tionnl constitutional prohibition amend­ By 1\Ir. LEE of Pennsylrania: Petition of sundry citizens of ment; to the Committee on Rules. Luzerne County, Pa., favoring national prohibition; to the Com­ Also, memorial of Geort.....: .W. Perry Post. No. 31, Grand .Army mittee on Hules. of the Republic, in beha If of Gettysburg peace memorial; to the Also. petition of various congregations of the Methodist Epi&­ Committee on Appropriations. copal, Presbyterian, and Vnited E\·angelical Churches of Port Also, resolutions of the city ot Medford~ Mass., for the retire­ Carbon, Pa., nnd sundry ritizens of Oak Grove, Pa .• favoring ment of nil civil-service employees of the Cnitcd States Post nationul prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. Office Department; to the Committee on Reform in the Civil AIRo. petition of 1 ,-oter of State of Pennsylvania, protest­ Service. ing against national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. Also, petitions of sundry citizens of New BedforcL l\luss., •·e• By .)Jr. LEWIS of llarylaml: lieruorial of the Central lletho­ mom;trnting against national constitution.al amendment; to tile dist Protestnnt Christinn Endea,·or Society, of New I:nket, Committee on Rules. lid., fHvoring nntional prohibition; to the Committee on Uules. Ry 1\lr. VOLLMER: Resolution of Aug, Wentz Post. No. 1, By .Mr. LI:'\DBERGH: Petition of sundry citizens of Requvt, Grund Army of the Re>pnblic, of Davenport. Iowa, nsking f~r Minn., favoring a prohibition amendment to the Constitution; an appropriation of $200,000 for tbe purpose of promoting a to the Committee on Rules. national celebration and peace jubilee in commeruorHtion of the Also, petition of sunrlry citizens of Eagle Bend, Minn., favor­ semicentennial of the ending of the Civil Wr~r in 1805. to be held tug national prohibition; to the CommHtee on Rules. nt Vlcln:bnrg, Miss., iD October, 1915; to the Comlllittee on Ap­ Ry Mr. LLOYD: Petition of 405 residents of the District of propria tions. Columbia, in fnvor of Snbbath obsenanre in the DistJ;ict; to By Mr. WALLIN: Petition of sundry citizens of the thirtieth the Committee on the Distri<:t of Columbia. New York district. favoring national prohibition; to the Com­ Ry l\lr. McCLELI..A£': Petitions of Rev. E. P. Mesich. ot mittee on Rules. Spencertown; Rev. R. ~1. Roberts. of Esopus; M. Gildersleeve By l\fr. WHITE: Petition of C. 1\f. Williamson and 120 others. and .)Jrs. U . .Martin. of IIurleyYille; W. S. Barnes and 9 other of CannelviUe Ohio, and J. p-, Penirs and 00 others~ oi Duncan residents of :diarlboro; E. S. Hycler, of Cobleskill; H. R. Soper, J.l'alls, Ohio, urging the adoption of tbe national prohibition of Coxsackie; F. Walker, of Allnben; nnd 25 citizens of Gernllln­ amendment to the Constitution; to the Committee on Rules. town. all in tbe State of :\'('w York, favoring national prohibi­ By Mr-. WOODRUFF: ~tition of ,·arions re~tclents of :Maple tion: to the Committee on llules. ;Rid~e. Mich .. and various m~mbers ot the :.\letbodist Church u! AlFo, petition of tbe Cent1·al Labor Union of Hudson, N. Y., Tnrner, 1\fich.. in support of the Hobson p1·ohihition amendment; f:n-oring the pnssnge of the senmen·s bill; to tbe Committee oo to the Committee on Rules. the ~Jerehant ~Inrine and Fisheries. Also, petition of the Woman's Christian Temperanee Union By Mr. MAGUIUE of Nebraska: Petition of sundl'Y cltizens of Gaylord. Uich.; favoring national pro.bibition; to the Com­ of Plattsmonth. ~ebr., favoring national prohibition; to tbe mittee on Rules. Committee on Uules. Ry Mr: J. I. ~OL.A~: Protest of E. A. Olson and 49 other HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. dtizens of San Frand~o. Cal., agairfst the passage of the Hob­ son nation-wide prohibition resolution ·; to the Committee on SATURDAY, July 11, 191.1;. Rules. The House met nt 12 o'clock noon. Also, petitions of sundry citizens of the State of California. The Chaplnin, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D .• otfered the fol­ favoring the pa &tge of an amendment to the Constitution to lowln.g prayer: pro\·ioe for nution-wide prohibition; to the Committ1~e on Rules. We thank Thee, Almighty Father, in spite of the widespread By Mr. PETEHS of Maine: Petitions of ,·arious cllurcbes, \'('p­ secularism of our dny, that the Christ spirit obtains to n larger resenting 600 citizens of Skowhegan, HiO citizens of Clinton, 50 degr('e in the hearts of men thnn eTer before; that there is citizens of Rnndo!ph, 110 citizens of Cbini1, aud l50 citizens ot leRs do~mn, more reli~ion. less bigotry. nwre brotbedy Im·e. less GHrdiner, all in the Stute of :\laine, fqroring national pl'o.hibi. sertnri:mism. more tolerntion; yet we are fur fron\ tbe ~ingdo~ tion ; to tba Committee on Rules. and we pray for more of the spirit wbirh makes for righteous­ By ~Jr. PLATT: Petition of 46 citizens of PoughkePpsie, R Y., ness. that wars shall ce.'lse to be. peace nnd good will reign favoring national prohibHion; to the Committee on .Uules. supreme everywhere. in Jesus Christ our Lord... Amen. By Mr. IU;ILLY of Connecticut: Petition o! the Bolton Grange, of Connecticut, favoring Go\·ernruent ownersh.ip of tele­ The Journal of the proceedings of yesterda:v was reall and phone and telegraph; to tile Committee on the Post Office and approved. Post Roads. A VIATI6N SE!:VlCE. By :\lr. ROBERTS of NcvRda: Petition of i\Irs. J. W. Adams Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker. I ask that the. Speaker lay before H. R. 5304. flDfl .Mrs. Fred Stadt l\lullet·, ln behalf of the Nevada ~ssociHtion the Hou e the bill of Women Opposed to Eqwtl Suffrage, protesting against the The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill. propo::;ed ext ansi on of the franchise to women; to the CQmmittee The Clerk read as fotlows: on the JucHC'ifl ry. . H. R. 5iW4. An act to increase the effici~ncy of the- Avtat1on Service of the Army, and for other puf~;~oses, with Senate amelldments. By Ur. STEPHENS of Nebraska: Petitions of sundry eitfzens o: Neligh. Nebr., fn voring national prohibition; to the Commit­ The Senate amendments were read. tee on Rules. :Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I move tbat the House concur in the By Mr. STEPHEXS of Texas: Petitions of 200 citizens of Seuate aroenrivilege of extending his remarks in the RECORD and Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, did I understand the gentleman also lliat I may have the same r>rililege. from Tennessee to ask to have the RECORD corrected, or simply The SPEAKER. The gentleman from California asks unani­ to make a statement? mous consent to e..~tend his remarks in the REcoRD. Is there The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois is correct; it objl"Ction? is not a correction of the RECORD. The Chair has studied for Mr. MANN. Re erving the right to object, is the request of some time this matter of voting "present." Sometimes there the gentleman from Washington dispm~ed of? will be 15 or 20 Members in front of the Clerk's desk after a The SPEAKER. No. The gentleman from California under­ roll is called twice, with a request to withdraw their votes, took to couple his request with that request. stating that they were paired and want to answer "present." l\lr ..MAl\'N. Oh, the gentleman from California tries to take It seems to the Chair, although he is not trying to force the an unfair advantage, and I ot,ject. matter on anyone or rule in regard to it, that it is an absolute The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois objects. waste of time. It a Member is paired, the proper thing for him l\Ir. RAKER. l\Ir. Speaker, would the gentleman from Wash­ to do in the first instance is to ans~er " present." ington-- CIIARLES B. GRANT. The SPEAKER. The matter is not debatable. The SPEAKER laid before the House the bill (H. R. 6464) Mr. RAKER. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my objection to the to muster in and muster out Charles R. Grant, late a volun­ request of the gentleman from Washington. teer of the Army in the Civil War, with Senate amendments. 1\fr. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, I demand the regular order. The Senate amendments were read. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ [1\fr. 1\Ir. GORDO~. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House concur tleman from Washington FALCONER] to extend his remarks in the Senate amendments. in the REcoRD? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none, and it The motion was agreed to. is so ordered. Mr. FALCO~ER. Mr. Speaker, had objection not been raised: MARY E. DE COSTER. I would have asked for immediate consideration of the follow­ 1\fr. LLOYD. Mr. Speaker, I present a privileged report from ing resolution : the Committee on Accounts. Resolved, That the Department of War and the Department of the The Clerk rend as follows: Navy be, and are hereby, requested to furnish the House of Hepresenta­ tlves copies of all correspondence and orders in the matte•· of the House resolution 516 (H. Rept. 952). order of deportation of Fred L. Boalt, a correspondent of the Cleveland Resolved, That the Clerk of the House of Representatives be, and be Press and affiliated newspapers, from Vera Cruz. on account or tho hereby fs, authorized and directed to pay to Mary EJ. De Coster, widow publication of an article alleging that an officer of the United Stnt<>s of the late Capt. Francisco V. De Coster, a deliveryman of documents Navy and marlDes under his command applied the "law of flight," to the House document room, the committees of the House, and the firing upon umll'med Mexican prisoners durlng the occupation of Vern. Honse Office Building, a sum equal to six months' salary at the rate Cruz. he was receiving by law at the time of his death; said sum to be paid Resolvea further, That the said departments advise the House of from the contingent fund of the House, and to be considered as includ­ Representatives at whose initiative Bonlt was ordered deported, and ing funeral expenses and all other allowances. whether or not testimony now being taken at the court of lnquirv now being held on board the U. S. battleship Texas, at Vera Cruz, is The following committee amendments were read; being censored by the officers of the United States Army. Line 3, after the word "pay" lnsert "out of the contingent fund of the House." My purpose for introducing this resolution is plainly under­ Strike out in lines 7, 8, 9, and 10 the words "said sum to be paid stood by the context and wording. from the contingent fund ot the House, and to be considered as in­ Mr. Speaker, Fred L. Boult wns a resident of my State, a cluding funeral expenses and all other allowances," and Insert tn lien thereof " and a sum not exceeding $250 to defray the funeral expenses newspaper man in Seattle, and his professional ethics and stand­ of said Francisco V. De Coster.~ ard of integrity haYe secured for him a high place in the esteem The SPEAKER. The question is on the amendments. of his coworkers and the newspaper fraternity generally. The committee amendments were agreed to. It is my opinion, sir, that Mr. Boalt would not write a story The resolution as amended was agreed to. without fact, and his story is so extraordinary that in this modern day o! civilization it commands the attention of the MESSENGERS IN THE POST OFFICE. public. Mr. LLOYD. Mr. SpeakQr, I offer the following privileged We have heard much o.f late of the dove of peace, flitting resolution; hither and thither, from the abode of the Carnegie Peace Com­ The Clerk read as follows ; mission to the Department of State. and we are moved to in­ House resolution 550 (H. Rept. 951). quire if it can be possible that while the principle of the Resolved, That 14 messengers in the post office of the Ilouse now "brotherhood of man" is being promulgated here in this great authorized to be employed from December 1, 1913, until June 30, 1914, inclusive, may continue to be employed during the remalDder of the country, and with special emphasis being plac('(l upon our own­ present ses~lon of Congress and be paid out of the contingent fund of America's-high stnndards, embrncing the new freedom, if it the House. can be possible, sir, that the mailed hand of the United States With the following committee amendments; reaching out and beyond our own borders into the land of a On page 1, line 2, strike out the word " now." neighboring Republic and there in one of its fairest citil'S On page 1, line G, after the word " Congress," insert the words " and receive pay from July 1, 1914." viciously murders defenseless citizens in a manner unworthy of the time in which we live and of the country we call our Tile committee amendments were agreed to. own. The resolution as amended was agreed to. Mr. Boalt's article, sent out to the Newspaper Enterprise EXTENSION OF REMARKS IN THE RECORD. Association from Vera Cruz, whirh caused his arrest and an Mr. FALCONER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to order issued for his deportation, is: introduce and have read by the Clerk a privileged resolution. When the Americans took Vera Cruz, an ensign, ln his student daya perbaps the best ful1back Annapolis ever had, had command of a squad The SPEAKER. The proper way to introduce the resolution of men who took many prisoners. is through the basket. If the gentleman desires to have unani­ The prisoners were corraled in a room. At a word from the ensign J'Jous con ent to haYe it read, very good. they wet·e released and told to scurry for the next corner. Those who Mr. FALCONER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to reached it in safety, in the opinion of the ensign, deserved to live. But very few did. have it read. The ensign applied the "ley de fuga "-the law of flight. Mr. FITZGERALD. What is it? The law of flight is not nice. The rules of civillzed warfare forbid the application of the law of flight. Mr FA.LCOXER. It is a resolution having to do with a mat­ But war is war; and one American naval officer did apply the law ter in Vera Cruz. An acquaintance of mine, a man who is in of flight. He ndmits it; boasts of it. Curiously enough,~.. his friends the employ of the Newspaper Enterprise Association, has re­ applaud him for it. Hundreds of American Army and Navy officers and men know that tbis ensign and his men applied tbc forbidden Jaw cently been ordered deported because of a story he sent out rela­ of flight-made sport of prisoners of war, and even noncombatants, ti\e to the extrnordinary actions of certain naval officers. giving them a flying start and " potting" them as they fled. Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, I moYe that the House re­ I have been told that it was fun to see them run. When I was a boy, I had a bulldog who applied the law of flight. sol\e itself into t.he Committee of the Whole House on the state The trick was for the dog to catch if he could, all the rats before of the Union for the consideration of the bill H. R. 17824, the they reached the split-t·ail fence which surrounded the pasture. Once general deficiency appropriation bill. through the fence, there was ·no catching the rats, because they lost 1914. CONGRESSIONAL" RECORD--HOUSE. 11963 themselves in tall grass. I remember tbat the first rat that· left the general debate be limited to four hours. to be eontrol1€d by the trap never got mo-re than a foot from it. The second ran a yard, per­ 'hnps. And so on. The last rat ahva_ys tried desperatelY to reach thP. gentleman from !\lasRachnsetts 1:\lr. OJLLETT]. fence. The SPF.tAKEll. And how mueb for tilt; mnjority? But it was Te-ry eldom that even the last rat escaped that bulldog".; Mr. FITZGEIU.LD. I am not limitiug that. We will not .snappln~ jaws. I Imagine that my bulldog and tht> young ensign_ and ex-football star, whom I bnve mentioned, both of whom applied the la\V use ·very mnch. of flight, are somewhat alike The SPEAKER. Tbe gentlemnn from New York asks nmmi­ Immedhltely upon leaTning of this story at Vern Cruz by mous consent that general debate be limited to four hours for the military authorities l\lr. Boalt was arrested. - the minority. Mr. Bon.lt insisted that facts substantiated his story. He Mr. DOXOV AN. 'Mr. Speaker, resernng the right to object, was o-rdered deported. He communicated with his news con· the general debate is 1'0ing to take the nsmrl courre of talking nections in Cbic.'1go, and from there came the story of his on any subject the gentlemen see 4t to ta1k about, I suppose'? predicament to his associaties ·here in Washington. Is that right? The matte--r was immediately taken up with the N'nvy Depart· "AL FITZGERALD. If a Member gets the floor, be can talk ment. · Tlle Navy Department indicated it would investigate on anything under the sun. t.he matter. :Mr. DONO\.AX And then it is going to follow under the Mr. Speaker. we wnnt to get the debtils of this incident. We five.minute rule. where they will ask to extend their tlrue, and desire to know who initiated demand for arrest and deportation then talk on :my subject that they see fit? That will probably of Mr. Bonlt, and we wnnt tbe facts brought out at the court of follow, will it not? inquiry ]Jlaced before the House. l\Ir. FITZGEIU.LD. I am unable to pred.iet whnt this House Mr. CAMPBELL. hlr. Spea·ker, I ~sk unanimous con~ent is likely to do. to extend my reirulrks in the REcoRD on the subject of the tnriff. Mr. DOXOVA....'l. 'Mr. Speaker, let me sngge!rt thnt the rank­ The SPEAKER. The gentlemnn from K~:~nsas asks unani· ing member of the minority the other d::~y s11~Rted in one of mons consent to extend his rerun rks in the RECORD on the sub· his talks that the presence of the minority mls essential to ject of the t:uiff. rs there objecthm? pretent abu~es. nnd I belie•e be then hied himself aw-..ty, and .Mr. RAKER. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object-- we baTe bnrdly looked opon his fHC'e sinre. 1\Ir. FITZGERALD. l\lr. Speaker, I demand the regular Mr. GAR~ER. To whom does the gentleman refer by the order. ranking Member of the minority-the gentleman from l\lassa· The SPEAKER. The regular order is, Is there objection? cbusetts [:\Ir. GILLE'IT]? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. Mr. MA. ~ rose. Mr. RAKER. llr. Speaker. I n~k unanimous consent that I i\lr. DOXOVAX Oh, I am not referring to the gentleman may extend ruy remarks in the RECORD. from Illinois n1r. MANN], atthough he is the ranking member The SPEAKER. The gentleman from California asks unaru­ of e,·ery commitree here. [L11ughter.] 1 take it thut the gt>U· mous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD. Is there tleman is interested in well-doing in this body. \Ve met here objection? last "Ionda.y, nnd there werfl only 67 :\.I{'ml.wrs present to •Io !\lr. GAR:'\~R. On what subject? Let us baYe the.. subject. I bnsine~s. We tried to .get a qnorum and could not do it. Xow. thinl{ thut it ts due to the House thRt e•ery ~entleman who asks the gentleman from :\ew Ynrl{ Plr. F-ITZGERALD], in~te:=td of· unanimous consent to extend his remarks in t.lle HECOBD shonM trying to get nnnnimons consent to allow a few Members to state upon what subject he -expects to extend his remarks. talk on e,·ery subject under the sun. should rry to _gpt the llem­ Mr. RAKER. 1\lr. ~peaker, 1 hope to extend them on the sub­ bers of Congr·e~s bere to do bu~im~~s. :~nd then insist-- ject of tbe J.\inknid bill, if I get tbe privilege. Mr. FITZGERALD. ;\Ir. Spe;rker, I objPct to this indiscrimi­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] · Th~ nate lecture nnd to tbe gentleman criticizing rue wllen 1 am Chair bears none, and lt is so ordered. trying to perform a public dnty . GENERAL DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATION BILL. ..,Ir. DO~OVAX We ha,·e been listening to indiscriminate lectures from the gentleman froru time to time here. The SPEAKER. The question is on tbe motion of the gentle· 1\Ir. FITZGERALD. It e\·i.dently bas not harl the effect it man from !'\ew York [ ;\lr. Fnzr.ERALD 1 thl.lt the Honse resolve should ha,·e upon the gentlemnn. itself into the Committee of the Whole House on rhe state of Mr. DOXOV .tL'J. I will say to the gentleman from New the Union for the consideration of the general deficiency appro­ York-- priation bill. Mr. FITZGERALD. :Mr. Speaker, pending that motion. I Mr. .MAl\"')l. Mr. Speaker, I demand the regnlnr order. The SPEAKER The reJrular order is. tbe J!entJ.eman from wish to ask the gentlemnn from M;~ssachus~tts U1r. GILLETT] Xew York, pending tlle motion to ~ into Cmurnittee of the it we can agrPe on 40 minutes' debate on a side? Mr. GILLETT. :\Ir. SpeHker. I st:He to the gentleman "'bole Honse on the state of the Union. asks nnaniUlOus consent ,,..ill that general dehate he limited to four hours-- tbat I hu~e had requests for four hours of general debute upon l\Ir. FITZGEHALD. To those opposf.>d to the bill, to be con­ this side. l\Ir. FITZGERALD. Is e•erybody on that side losing his trolled by the ,;e.ntlemttn from ~la-ss:~chnsetts Plr. GILLETT t, head in the hot weather? [Laughter.] nnd that I be pern1itted .to CQntrol the time on this side, and this J:;ide will not take more tha.n four hours. I will make tb.at Mr. niLLE'l'T. We have not hud any general debate for a long time. · Ruggestion. l\Ir. t~'ITZGERALD. Oh, the Republicans have been -doing l\Ir. DOXOVA~. Mr. Spenkflr-- nothing but ta1king. The SPEAKER. The ~entJeman from New Y.ork. pending Mr. GILLETT. Well, that is all the minority is allowed tbat motion. asks unanimon~ ("OUE>ent that the minority shall to do. [Laughter.] hneral dt~m bill, but it is much more Mr. appropriate on 11D appropriation bill. Mr. )IA:XX. "Spenker, regular onter. l\Ir. FITZGEHALD. Alr. Speaker. I ask unanimous consent 'Ihe ~PEAKEU. The regular order is. is there objection to that general debate on the minority side be limited to fonr the request? bours. l\fr. DOXOV ~'l. I am reserving the right to object, Mr. l\lr. GILLETT. I am content with that. Speal\er. 1\Ir. l\lAXX Yes; but bow much dues the gentleman.,s side The ~PEAKER. The Chair knows; b-ut the regular order is of the House propose to use? caiJed for. Mr. FITZGERALD. \Ve will not use so much time as that. fr. DOXOVAS. Does the Speaker deny the right to reserve Mr. MAX~. Oh. you ne,·er enn tell. the right to object? Mr. FITZGEllALD. I know from the genera1 charneter of The ~PK-\ 1.; ~·n. When-e-ver the regular o-rder is d~manded it the indi rrirnjnnte assaults that are mnde upon the adrninistrn· is the bnsineRs of the Speaker-- tion by the other side thnt we will need hardly two or three 1\lr. DOXO\~AN. Rut ;I gentleman should rise from his seat mim.tes to dispose of them. [Laughter.] when be <'ails for tbe re~ular order. Mr. MAN~. But it alwavs dr-es h1ke more. The SPEAKER. It wns demnndert two or tlu·ee times before Mr. FITZGERALJ\. Mr: Spenker, I ask unanimous consent when the gentleman was stanfling up. that Ule time of oll the minority in the House on this bill in Mr. DONOVAN. Wbo has asked for the regula.r order? 11~)64 CONGRESSION \.L RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

The SPEAKER. The ~entleman from Illinois wus the last Mr. DONOV Al""i. Mr. Chnirman-- one. The CHAIUl\JAN. For what purpose does the gentleman rise? Mr. DONOV A~ T. Then I object. Mr. DONOVAN. The Clerk is skipping part of it. l\le. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent The CHAIRMAN. 'rhe Chair bas not observed any skipping. that the time for general debate be equally divided between the The gentleman from Connecticut will please not interrupt the two sides, to be controlled by the gentleman from Massachusetts reading. [Mr. GILLETT] and myself. Mr. DOXOV AN. We are entitled to a reading of the bill, The SPEAKER The gentleman from New York asks unani­ Mr. Chairman. I take it. mous consent that the time for general debate be divided be­ The CHAIR~IAlY Well, the Chair hopes the gentleman will tween the two sides, one half to be controlled by himself and be careful to discover a mistake before he attempts to correct the other half by the gentleman from Massachusetts [l\Ir. GIL­ one. LETT]. Is there objection? The Clerk resumed and concluded the reading of the bill. Mr. DONOVAX Mr. Speaker, reserdng the right to ob­ The CHAIRMAN (~lr. FLOOD of Virginia). The gentleman ject-- from Massachusetts [i\Ir. GILLETT] is recognized for one hour. 1\Ir. MAl\'N. Mr. Speaker, I demand the regular order. 1\Ir. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, I yield 20 minutes out of The SPEAKER. The gentleman from illinois demands the the time of the gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD] regular order, an Chicago men to· get work. committee, and I ask for order so that business may be trans­ These apostles of hnrd times do not tell ns thnt during the acted. Roosevelt administration aml the Taft administration men wC're The CHAIRl\IAN. The Chair is informed that the gentleman also walking the streets of Chicago in senrch of employment. from Connecticut is mistaken, and it is not in order to inter­ At no time durin~ the 16 months of the Wilson administration rupt the rending of the bill. The Clerk will read. bas there been a condition which approached in seriousness the Mr. DOXOVAN. Mr. Chairman-- disastrous Roosevelt panic. On the c-ontrary, there has beeu The CHAIRMAN. For what purpose does the gentleman steady improvement; and even those gentlemen who cry hard rise? times will not deny that the Pt·esiclent and those associated witll Mr. DONOVAN. The Clerk is not reading the bill. He is him have done what they could to make impossible the recur­ skipping a part of it. r~nce of another Roose.-elt panic. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has not discovered it; the But I did not rise. Mr. Chairman, to enter into a discussi9n of Chair is watching the Clerk, and the. Chair will see that the the general condition of the country. I rose to remind those gentleman from Connecticut is protected. The Chair hopes gentlemen on the other side of the aisle who ha\e been cryiug there will be order, so that he can see the gentleman from hard times that the Republican minority in this Chamber can Connecticut is not defrauded. The Clerk will read. not con istently criticize the administration so long as you your· 191-!. OO.LTGRESSI01~1\L R.ECORD-HOUSE. 11965

Kiess, Pa. Morgan, Okla. Sells Thomson, Ill. selves are divided in your support of the administration Kinkaid, Nebr. Moss, W. Va. Shreve Towner measures. La Follette Mott Sinnott Treadway Since the Democratic Party came into power five great meas­ Langley Murdock Slemp Vare Lenroot Nelson Sloan Volstead ures have been passed by the House of Representatives, two of Lindbergh Nolan, J. I. Smith, Idaho Walters whiclllla\e become laws, while three at this time are being con­ McGuire, Okla. Paige, Mass. Smith, J. M. C. Willis sidered by the Senate. McKenzie Plumley Stafford Winslow McLaughlin Porter Steenerson Woodruff Let us consider first the h·ade commission bill. That is one McDonald Powers Stevens, Minn. Woods wllicll we are told is going to bring ruin and disaster to the Mann Roberts Sutherland country. It is now pending in the Senate. There was not even Mapes Rupley Switzer a roll call over here. Here is what happened in this Chamber Mondell Scott Temple as told by the RECORD of that day: Think of that, if you please--just 12 Members were willing If ts The SPEAKER. The question is on the passage of tho bill. to go on record aga1nst this bill. it not a righteous bill, The bill was passed. why did so many of you vote for it? If it is not a good bill, If this is a ruinous measure, who is responsible for it? You why did 101 Republicans and Progressives vote with the Demo­ are just as much responsible as we nre.· crats when the bill was passed by the House? Can you consist­ Mr. l\1ADDEX Will the gentleman yield for a question.? ently criticize a bill which you yourself supported on a roll call? Mr. POU. I will. I am not criticizing any man who supported the bill. Remem­ l\1r. MADDEN. Did the gentleman hear anybody on this side ber, if you please, there are 145 Members who are not Demo­ of the House say it was a ruinous me..'1sure? crats. If this is a bad bill from your standpoint, there should Mr. POU. Ko; but the gentleman knows that there has been have been at least 145 votes against it. an attack in the 11ress not only upon other measures but upon No, Mr. Chairman, the Rayburn bill is not going to ruin this one as well, and I am going to show further on that not only business, as every intelligent man knows; on the contrary it is on this but on four of these measures you split to pieces over going to help legitimate business; certainly this House thinks there; and if this legislation is bad. you are as much responsible so, for there were only 12 votes against it. Where were all for it as we are, and it is time to quit calamity howling when those calamity howlers when that roll was called; these men who you yourselves are voting for the Wilson administration meas­ have been predicting disaster and wanting Congress to adjourn ures. in order to save the country? Just 12 men, as I have said, The trnst bill I will me>ntion next. On that the yeas were marched up and voted against the bill. 297 and the nays 54. There are 145 of you over there: Where 1\Ir. GOOD. Will the gentleman yield? were tlle remainder of you when this roll was called? Only 54 Mr. POU. I will. were found who were wiUing to go on record against this "ruin­ Mr. GOOD. To which of the great measures the gentleman ous measure " known as the Clayton bill. This bill bas been the has mentioned. the tariff bill or the trust bills, may the coun­ target of Republican criticism. If it is going to ruin the coun­ try look for relief from the high cost of living? Which one of try, why did you vote for it? If it is going to ruin business, these measures will bring about the low cost of living as prom­ why did you not present a solid front against it? There are ised by the Democratic Party, and when will it come? 145 :Members of this body who are not Democrats. yet there were Mr. POU. The country may look, I think, to all of these just 54 who were willing to go on record against the Clayton bill. measures for some relief from burdensome conditions. If the No man can deny the significance of this. The minority in the gentleman will go and ask his wife she will tell him now that Chamber not only did not present a solid front against this bill, the reduction in the cvst of living has already commenced. as but 57 :Members actually voted with us. I · think the country she finds when she goes to any great department store. Prob­ should know exnctly who these gentlemen are. They are to be ably you ha-re not talked to your wife lately about this matter. conuuended, not criticized. For my part, I entertain the highest [Applause.] respect for the position they took. It means that they are not Mr. GOOD. Will the gentleman enumerate some of tlle arti­ narrow-minded partisans. It means that they have the courage cles which are selling cheaper now at retail, for instance in the of tlleir com·ictions. Their list of names constitutes a roll of city of Washington? honor which I am going to put in the RECORD. 1\fr. POU. Yes; I will mention one of them. You can get llepublican and Progressive roll of honor, composed of those nine pounds more of sugar for $1 than you could under your who supported the Clayton antitrust bill: Republican high tariff. Anderson Gardner Lindbergh Sloan Mr. DO NOV AN. Mr. Chairman. Barton Good McKenzie Smith, Idaho The CH.A.IR1IA1~. For what purpose does the gentleman rise? Bell, Cal. Green, Iowa McLaughlin Smith, J. :M. C. Ur. DONOVAN. In order to ha\e order. The gentleman Bryan Haugen MacDonald Stnfl'ord Burke, S.Dak. Hawley Mapes Sutherland can not interrupt unless he addresses the Chair first. Campbell llelgesen Mondell Temple The CHAIRMAN. The point is well taken. Cary Hinebaugh Morgan, Okla. Thomson, Il1. Mr. POU. Coming on down a little further to the currency Copley llulings Moss, W.Va. Towner Cramton Johnson. Wash. Murdock Vare bill- Curry Kelly, Pa. Nolan, J. I. Walters Mr. GOOD. Can the gentleman name only one article? Davis Kennedy, Iowa Porter Woodruff l\fr. POU. I have already mentioned one article to the gen­ Dillon Kent Roberts, l ~ev. Woods Farr Kinkaid, Nebr. Rupley tleman, and I said if he would talk with his wife she would Frear La Follette Scott probably mention some others to him. French Lenroot Sinnott 1\Ir. GOOD. But will the gentleman-- Let us next consider the Rayburn bill, which a great many The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from North Carolina people believe is much needed. Certain gentlemen have been yield to the gentleman from Iowa? en~..:ging in high finance in this country. Watered stock has Mr. POU. No; I prefer not to do so now. I may take time been sold to the people, and hundreds of homes ha \e been ruined. later on and investigate the proposition suggeBted by the gentle­ because when men buy stocks and bonds they·do not know wh~t man. There are numerous articles, some of them among the they are getting. I do not need to mention instances. You necessaries of life, which have gone down in price; not much, it see them all around you every day now-railroads going into is true, but they have gone down some, and I predict they will the bands of recei\ers and stock bought by innocent purchasers go down more. At any rate, that is what the proprietors of going down to almost nothing, and bringing ruin and disaster the great department stores in the cities ha-re been telling us, to homes throughout the land. The Wilson administration said and they ought to know. this ought to be stopped, and the Rayburn bill was reported to But I did not rise to discuss prices, l\fr. Chairman. I rose the Bouse; and here is the vote on it-yeas 325, nays 12. for another purpose. Some of you gentlemen oYer there have Republican and Progressive roll of honor, composed of those been saying that this administration is ruining the country, who supported the Reyburn bill : · and you ha \e been trying to bring pressure upon Congress to Anderson Chandler, N.Y. French Hinebaugh adjourn. I charge that you are responsible to a very consid­ Anthony Copley Gardner Howell erable extent for nearly all the legislation which bas been put Austin Curry Good Hulings Avis Danforth Graham, Pa. Humphrey, Wash. through this House up to this time. You have no right to sit Bartholdt Darts Gr·een, Iowa Johnson, Utah in your seats over there and remain silent or vote " aye " on Barton Dillon Greene, Vt. Johnson, Wash. this measure or that measure and tllen cry out to the country Browne, Wis. Drukker Guernsey Kahn Bryan Edmonds Hamilton, N.Y. Keister that Mr. Wilson is ruining the country by pressing these very Burke, S.Dak. Esch Haugen Kelley~_Mlch. measures to fiual passage. Butler Falconer Hawley Kelly, .t'a. Now I come to the Underwood bill. Yeas 255, nays 104. You Calder Farr Hayes Kennedy, Iowa Campbell Fess Helgesen Kennedy, R. L got 104 out of the 145. That is the best you could do on e\en Cary Frear Hinds Kent tb:e Um.lerwood measure.

LI-754 11966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

Mr. GOOD. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield there? fore assume that nobody was opposed to it. I think our friends 1'he CIL-\.IRMAN. Does the gentleman from North Carolina ou the other side of the Chamber ought either stop criticizing yield to tile gentleman from Iowa 1 these administration measures or stop \""Otlng f01· them. l\1r. GOOD. I just wanted to ask a question in regard to the Mr. MA..DDE..~. •. 1\lr. Cbairman. will the gentleman yield? vote. The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentlernn.n yield? Mr. POU. Yes; I yield. Mr. POU. I haYe very little time. '!'here WtlS one other point .l\lr. GOOD. The gentleman does not mean to say that the I wanted to bring out. but I will yield to the ;;entlemnn. llepublicans voted for the Underwood tariff bill, does he? Mr. UADDEN. I wanted to call the gentleman's llttention to Mr. POU. No; I do not. But some of them did. the fact that nobody on either side of the House objected to tbe Mr. GOOD. How many? trade rorurulssion bill and nobodv claimed tha ~ tt would not be Mr. POU. I do not know how many. There were severaL I beue.ficial to the country. and no ·man can truthfully assert tht\t have their names here. There were several distinguished gen­ such claim has been mnde. tlemen on that side who voted for the Uuderwood tariff bilL I 1\lr. POU. I know that the gentlemen on the other side of am sorry that there were not more; but there were some. the Chnmber ha"Ve been making the welkin ring by charging ~lr. GOOD. You can not charge any sins in voting for that that the Wilson adminfstrntion was destro~ing the business of bill to this side of the House. the eountry. You have hRd telegrams and letter t·ead claiming 1\Ir. POU. One of them I find wns the distinguished gentle­ thn t there is a general para lysis of business, and you hn ve in­ man f1·om Pennsylvania, my colleague on the Committee on sisted th11t the country is going to the deYil on account of the Rules, Mr. KELLY. very legislntion which some of you gentlemen have \Oted for. lir. BHYA...N. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman does not mean .Mr. MADDEN. As to most of those statements that the gen­ to call ~!r. KELLY of Penm;;yl\·ania a ltepublican? tleman refers to I want to say they are true. .Mr. POU. He was put on tha Committee on Rules to repre­ Alr. POU. Now, the other dny Col. Roose,·elt rose to remark sent tbe Republican Party. I find also Mr. ~1AcDoNALD here; that the foreign policy of Mr. Wilson's administrlltion was I find also Mr. l\1ANAllAN, :Mr. Ru""PLEY, and Mr. STAFFORD. langhed at in f.Jurope. Well, the world has llarl Jon~ ex11erience Mr. BRYAN. Mr. Chairmnn, will the gentleman yield? with European diplomncy. European diplomacy did not stop The CHAIR.llill~. Does the gentleman from North Carolina the Bn lkan wn t•. rt did not stop the mnrrler of 40 ono or 50,000 yield? Christians and Armenians purely on account of their religion. .Mr. POU. Yes. It did not stop the disnstrons war in South Africa. Spion Kop Mr. BRYAN. If the gentleman is going to call "Repub­ and other bloody battlefields tell of the sucres of Europe;m liC!:lllS" the four Progressi\'es who voted for that tariff bi II, w~ diplomacy as appli<>d to South Africa. l\Ir. Wilson's Hdminis­ are going to mob him for it. [Laughter.] We are not Repub­ tration has be~.n trying to n,·ert the n~es·ity of armed inter­ licans, and we will not stand for the application of any such ,·ention by this country in Mexico. It would baYe been nn easy name as that to us. ml.ltter to ha\'e invoJ,·ed this country in wnr and to hn,·e hnd l\lr. POU. All that I know ts that the Committee on Rules our soldiers shot down and bron~bt back dend. I think the is oue of the most important committees of the House, and l\lr. diplomacy of l\Ir. Wilson's administration anrl his foreign polt­ FELI.Y of Pennsylnmia was put on that committee, not as a cies will compare favorably with Europe:m diplonmcy. I sup­ Democrat but as an anti-Democrat. I wish he were a Demo­ pose the distinguished ex-President tWnks we ought to be at crat, because he is an earnest, honest, patriotic. young man; and war with .Mexico ribht now. For me. I wonld prefer to hnve he had the nene to stand up here and vote his convictions also the foreign policies of this administrntion ridiculed if a tontrary on the currency measure. policy would im·olve this country in a blovdy war with our ~ow, we come to tile currency bill, a bili which everybody nei~hbor, .Mexico. atlmits has been needed for n generation. Mr. Wilson had the Xow, Mr. Chahman, this is all I cnre to contribute to the nene to insist upon its prompt passage. It was a "bad" bill ~niety of the nations to-day. In exnminlng the record vote on until it was passed. and then suddenly it got to be a good bilL the e measures it seemed to me if there Is anything wrong On the currency bill tlle yeas were 2 6 and the nays were 85. with this le~islation the re~ponsibillty is. In a measure. on•r You got little more than 50 per cent of your own vote against there ns much as it is over here. I will not pnnse to mnke :my the bill. contments upon the patriotiffill of any man who con~tnntly is Here is a list of the Republicans and Progressives who sup­ predicting panic nnd financial disaster to bt·in~ Hbout the ported the measure. success of any political pnrty. I hor1e thnt there is no man in Re1mblican and Progressi-ve roll of honor, composed of those this Chamber who hns so little pntriotism thnt he would he who supported a Democratic currency bill: willing to see ruin and disaster rome to the country to order Bell, Cal. Frear Lindquist Rupley that any politi<'..al party-1 eare not what its nttme is_:.mny come Browne, Wis. Haugen McLaughlin Smith, J. AI. C. back into power. And yet sometimes one is 11lmo~t persuaded Cary Helgesen MacDonald Smith, l\Jinn. Cooper Hinebaugh l\lanahan Smitb, Sam!. W. that such is the cnse. If these measures for which tbe ad­ Cramton Ited to m<>mbership of the House in the United States into bnnkruptcy, while the bill that wns of Representatires of the Americnn Congr·eRs, succeeding a mnn tinnily passed in a very much modified form was appro\'ed by of mWoodrow Wilson has There can be no halting of effort by those wbo would preserve to-day the confidence of the people of the UnHed States, as with for the people all that is justly due them. The Democratic a strong heart and a clear brain be seeks to do the will of all Party has spoken its wishes in platform declarations and a sincere effort is being made to keep these platform 11romlse .. the people who lo~e the Government and our common country. [Applause.] The work is not yet complete. Hasty legislation should not be desired. Careful consideration should be given to the en­ What are the accomplishments of this Democratic adminis­ actment of laws that are to affect tbe welfare of nearly a hun­ tration t~·ought about by the efforts of a great Democrat in tbe White House and the continuous labor and earnest efforts dred mil1ions of people. And yet legislation should not be un­ of tbe Democratic majorities in both branches of Congress? duly delayed, but hasteneu, as far as practicable, to the end that criticism may not be deserved. The House is presided over by Speaker CHAMP CLARK, of Mis­ souri; the Senate is presided over by Vice President MARSHALL, Criticism will abound, for such is human nature and the of Intliana; a great Democrat is in the White Honse; a just public. man must bear with patience the criticism, wh~ther jusr tariff law has been written upon the statute books of the Xa­ or unJust, whetber from friend or from foe. tion; an income tax is being collected from the men of large The patient work he performs and the daily senice he may incomes and all business corporations to help bear the burdens of render his constitutents he may not receive credit for; the good Goyernment; sugar freed from tax comes more abundantly into be does may be overlooked or forgotten; the laws beneficial that tbe home; a large free iist for the necessities of daily use for he may help to enact may not be put to his credit. but bis mis­ tbe consumers of tbe land; and a lower tariff wall for impol'ts, takes and omissions will not be oyerlooked by those who desire bringing competition and wenkening the hand of monopoly. to displace him. A great currency problem has been worked out and is being No man should expect laws to be enacted to interfere with put in operation to break the power of. the l\Ioney Trust and to the law of supply and demand. All men know that abundant lessen tbe influence of Wall Street; to distribute the money crops lower the price of farm products, and the demand for antl of the people for the benefit of all and destroy the control scarcity thereof enhances the value of said products. Laws thereof by a centralized money power; to make ruany money should not be enacted to interfere with natural laws, but in aid centers, from which tbe blood of commerce may flow into all thereof. Tariff laws that build a wall around a country, saye avenues of trade and into all homes of the land; and to end for revenue purposes in support of the legitimate needs of tbe congestion and centralization of .the money of all the country Government, should no more be tolerated than walled cities as in the great city of New York. The President and Congress of old. ' serrecl the people well in this great effort for a currency law The advocates of the Underwoocl "tariff-for-rel'enue" law did that would decentralize tbe money of the Nation and 'vould not promise to increase the price of the products of the farm make many money centers instead of one. or factory, a sm·plus of which are shipped abroad, but it con­ BA!'\K PA~ICS AREl NO LO~GER FEARED, templates lower prices in protected articles to be purchased by Two. constitutional amendments ~lave been adopted during farmers and other consumers of manufactured articles that haYc tbe bnef four years I have been m Congress, one providing been unduly protected and prices raised by reason of high tariff for an income tax, the other for the direct election of United walls and monopoly aided thereby. An enlarged free list given States Senators, and Federal statutes enacted by C<>ngress in by the Underwood bill was demanded by the farmers and other· reference thereto. One amendment to shift in a large measure consumers of manufactured products. Those who predicted dire the burdens of Federal taxation, the other to make more re­ disaster by the enactment into law of the Democratic tariff-for­ spon:slr-e to the will of the people tbe Senate of the United revenue bill have seen their prophecies unfulfilled. What pro­ States, thereby tending to make it, like tbe House, a popular ducer of wool, now on the free list, will complain of the en- 11968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY · ll,

hanceil price of his product? What consumer of sugar, getting management, and providing for fines and penalties in violation more pounds for the dollar by reason of the tariff being taken thereof. {)ff. would ha \·e the tnriff restored? The prices of cu ttle and 1 have already spoken or an amendment offered by me to one hogs are high and will continue to be high as long as the of these trust bills-the Clayton antitrust bilL I need not make demand is large and the supply limited. An ever-increasine further reference now to the merits of these bills. for the pas­ population calls for more food products. Who is there bolil sage of which some of us are spending the summer here, when enough to oppose an income ta.x, provided by the UnderwtXH1 we would be glad to bl' in our llistricts nnd looking after :bose bill? Who would relieve the corporations. given special vrivi· ambitious gentlemen who, with indnstrious acdvity aud by leges by law. from their fair share of taxation? Who woulrl every known metbod of i.Ilodern politics. seek to exhibit their substitute the discarded Payne-Aldrich tariff law for the pres· virtues and lessen the confidence vf the voter in the sitting Mem­ ent law. that shelters no monopoly and yet provides sufficient bel· of Congress. Some Members would be glad to be in their re,·enue for all the needs of the Government? Some chan~es districts, wbere much poison i'3 bein~ p;nn~ed and where noxious in the law mny be needed. Afler a fair trial they will be pro- ·.veeds are being grown from foul seeds that hn ,.e be~n s, wn. and -vided. Experience furni!illes the test of every Ia w. by their presence among their con~ituents for 1.1 brief whHe. to Tbe laws on other subjects were also promised in Democratic offset and lessen the dnruage clone, by in a measure properly platfot·m8. responding to :hose who. iu th~"ir orerzea Ions deSire for place, A bilJ hns pa~sed the lower Honse of Congress providing for ha,·e not hesitated to plant man:r false impressions and by wide­ Federal aid for public ronds. and is now pending in the Sennte. spread misstatements have ou~bt ~ln unclue advantage, as A eompreben, i"Ve law pro"Viding for rural credits is now being against tbe man whose sense of duty keeps 'IJim here. constructed by Congress. to the end that lower rates of inter­ The Congre. 8IDnn wbo ~tays on his job and is not stricken est may be provided for those who offer lands for security. We down by his con~tituency because be fails to canvass his district bope shortly to see a fHrners' credit bill a part of the law of in his own interest, when he can not go bnck and meet bls people the land nnd expect its passage by Congress dming this term. fnce to fBce because of conditions here. will be the more grate­ ~.egislation bas been enacted restricting the powers of the ful If his public conduct is npproYen in bls absence. Dm1ng Feclernl courts and their· jm·isdictlon Iessenerl. and Federal the brief time that I have been in Congress this has been my judges are less arrogant than heretofore. Articles of impeach­ summer resort. Four ~ummers have I ~pent here in this Cupital ment hn Ye heen preferred by Congress; some of tllPlll ton­ City of the Nation. here at a low attitude. nlmo~t on a le·rel victed nnrl remo\ed, othPrs forced to resign: their powers cur­ with the sea. where a hnmid atmosphere makes the be>at more tnilE>d and fm'ther restrictions are being pres ect for enactment. oppressive nnd t11rougb which the rays of a hot summer's sun However. it will not be complete until life tenure is stricken pour in the daytime down upon asphnlt pnvement and upon down. and I hope thHt in the early future the joint re·o­ brick and stone. and when night comes they gh·e back into the lution propo~ed by me to amend the Constitution so that the ntmosphere the heat absorbed by day, making the night both terms of circ·nit nml district l'nited States judges shall be lim­ hot and oppressive. ited to not exceeding a term of 10 yenrs mny pnss Congress and President Wil~on in his Fourth of Jnly address a.t Philam for tt, and I am mighty lnw. Federal courts will regard the public welfare as never glacl to stay there and stick by them till it Is over. before. Only those who are here in daily attendance can fully appre­ Three great antitrnst rnensures are now pending before Con­ cinte all the conditions that surround the indh·idual Member gre~s. Tbe pAsBRge of this antitrust legislatio!l at this sessiou who stays here from a sense of duty, though be would love to is earnestly desired by the Pres;dent. and It is the main part of look into the face of his constituents and to grasp again the his present program. specially recommended for passage and en­ friendly band that bns helped him; bnt there is an abiding actment Into law bE>fore acljomnment, so that the business worlrl thought that he can afford to trust tbo~e who gave him l'lace mH1 the conntry may not longer be kept in su~pense as to tbe and who desire that he shall remain here in dischHrge of his rnles of conduct p1·e~cribed by law thnt shall go~ern and con­ duty as long as necessary to aid the Presiclent and Congress in trol big business. Retter be sE>ttled now than be kept in abey­ the enactment of legislation prorni. ed nnd desired by tbe people. :mce and lean' unrertain tbe tbin~s that business ou~ht to know :Mr. MURRAY of .Mnssachusetts. Mr. ChHirmnn. 1 ask unani­ with <1S little delay as po~sible. Such is ·the expressed wish of mous consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD, for the pur­ the P~sident. Such is the desire of the majority of Congress. pose of printing a statement by l\lr. ANDREW J. PETERS, a Repre· Snrh is the demnnd of tltP country. It was promised by plat­ sentative in Con~ress, which appeared in the Boston Sunday form declnration. and faith must be kept. Post of June 14, 1914. 'These bills baYe already bePn pnssed by the House and nre The CH.AIR:\IAN. The ~entleman from 1\Iassnchusetts asks now pending in and Hwniting the nction of the Senate. and the unnnimous consent to extend bis remarks In the RECORD, for the Bouse remains in SPssion waiting for the rmssnge of these pur110se indica ted by him. Is there objection? rnenm~res by the ~ennte and thPir return to the House. when There wns ·no objection. amended, so that they may become a law during this session of Mr. POU. Mr. Chail·man, I ask unanimous consent to extend Congress. my remnrks in the RECORD. This legislntion is promised by Democrntic platform declara­ The CHAlR:\IAX The gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. tion. These three bills. paE~d by o,·erwbelming majorities in Pou] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the the House nfter fnll rliscussion. are fresh in the recollection of RECORD. Is there objection? · the House ann the country, and neE>n no >Opeciul mention at this There wn s no objection. time. We nwnit the action of the Sennte. :Mr. l\lAKN. I make the same request. They are wbnt nre known ns the Conngton b1I1. being a bHl The CHAiiUIAN. The gentleman from Illin{)iS ~sks un:mi­ to crente nn interstate trade commission, to define its powers mons consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD. Is there Dnd duties. :mrl lor otlleT pnrposes: a bill by virtue of which objection? the nets. business metboLls. nod practices of corporations mny l\lr. FITZGERALD. On what subject? be nnnnally reported and secured for purposes of legislation anu Mt·. MANX On tlJ.e subJect of politics-~Latesmauship, a control. subject foreign to the gentleman. Sleeond. the Clnyton bill. being a bni to supplement existing Mr. FITZGERALD. If it is on the first subject, it is su­ Jaws ngainst nnlnwfnl restrnints and monopoli~s. and for other pertluous. [Lnughter.] purposP.Sl. This proposed. law seeks to preYent monopoly in Mr. DONOVAN. Mr. Chairman, I did not .bear on what trnc1e :mel ~on:mprre nnd to protect legitimate busine:s ancl fair subject. competition fro111 the rontrol and domination of great corpora­ The CHAIR~IAN. The gcnreman from Illlnois says on the tions nnd t1·nst collc<>rns. thnt hare sou~ht to control all the subject of politics-statesmanship. bn ines~ of the country for their ?~lfi<;h purposes, a bill to help Mr. DONOVAN. Well. the gentleman talks so little that I st~1y tllc hnnd of eoi'JWl'nte greed and saYe the toiling mas es shall not object. [Laughter.] from mHlne oppl'l'~~icm. a bill iu the int~rest of honest com­ The CHAIR:\IAN. Is there objection? petition nnd for tile protection of local dealers and against There wns no objection. monopoly in ;HI~· rommo(lity nn~·w!:lere. l\Ir. FITZGERALD. I yield 30 minutes to tho gentleman from The thh·d nntitrust me:-~sure, known as the Rayburn bill, is a MassacbusettR [:\lr. GILLETT]. bill seekin~ to control the ism:mce of stocks and bonds of corpo­ Mr. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, a few days ago, in the course rations and to prohibit common or interlocking directorates and of some remarks relative to the influence of the E.~ccuti'\'e upon 1914. CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE. 11969"

the legislntive body, I referred to two instances wh~t·e the gen­ Bruckner Godwin, N. C. Linthicum Riordan Brumbaugh Goeke Lobeck Robert.:;, l\Iass. tleman from Alabama [JUr. UNDERWOOD] had stated as an argu­ Buchanan, HI. Goldtoglc Loft Rothermel ment to the House the wishes of· the President of the United B-uchanan, Tex. Gorman Logue Sabath States. The gentleman from Alabama thought I was mistaken Bm·ke, Pa. Goulden Mc.lndrews Scully Butler Graham, Pa, McClellan Sells in my recollection. Now, of course, it is a matter of very slight Calder Gregg McDermott Sharp importance whether I was mistaken or not, for I recognize that Callaway Griest McGillicuddy Sherley the memory of the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. UNDERWOOD] Cantrill Gtiffin McGuire, Okla. Shreve Carew Gudger McKellar Slayden is doubtless quite as good as mine; but it happened that I had Carter Guernsey McLaughlin Slemp been impressed when the gentleman from Alabam.'l spoke by Cary Hamill Mahan Smith, Md. what seemed to me a Tery extraordinary argument, so I was Chandler, N.Y. Hamilton, N.Y. Maher Smith, J. M. C. Coady Hardwick Manahan Smith, N. Y. quite sure that I was correct; and I have looked at the REcoRD Cooper Harris Martin Smith. Tex. to corroborate my memory, and I have found the twu instances Cop1ey Hart Merritt Sparkman to which I referred. I mention this, not, pf course, as any re­ Covington Hayden Metz Stanley Crisp Hayes Miller Steenerson :flection on the lack of memory of the gentleman from Alabama, Crosser Henry Moore Steobens, Nebr. for the leade1· of the House, who is constantly obliged to take the Dale Hinds Morgan, La. Stephens, Tex. :floor, can not be expected to remember every argument he has Davenport Hobson Morin Strin.ger Decker Houston Morrison Sumners ever used, but merely because of the illustration of the princi­ Dent Howard Moss, Ind. Sutherland ple which I think it gives. On the 15th of October last, when Dies Hoxworth Mott Switzer the question was up whether the House should adjourn from day Difenderfer Hughes, W.Va. Murdock Talbott. Md. Donohoe Hulings Murray, Okla. Taylor, N.Y. to day, I find that the gentleman from Alabama remarked: Dooling Jacoway Neeley, Kans. Thaeber The President of the United States has asked me, representing this Daughton Johnson, Wash. Neery, W. Va. Tbom.a8 side of the House, not to agree to an adjournment until the currency Driscoll Jones Nelson Thompson, Okla. bill can be passed in the Senate or some satisfactory arrangement Drukker Keister Norton Underhill made. Eagan Kelley, Mich. O'Brien Vare Edmonds Kennedy, R. f. O"Leary Vaugh!ln The other instance to which I referred wa-s the occasion of the Edwards Kiess, Pa. O'Shaunessy Walker passage of the resolution relative to sending troops to 1\Iexico. Estopinal Knowland. J. R. Pa.r!e. N. C. Walsh Fah·child Kreider Paige, Mass. Walters I fiud that tha gentleman said:. Farr Lafferty Palmer Weaver I would not insist upon the immediate consideration of this resolu­ Fess Lan_g-bam Parker Whaley tion and its going through to-night if it were not for the fact that the Fields Langley Patten, N.Y. Whitacre President of the "'Gnited ~tates himself has stated that it is of the utmost Fordney Lazaro Patton, ra. Wblte importance to the Nation that it should be passed. Frear Lee, Pa. PetPrs, Me. Williams m~ Gallagher L'Engle Plumley Willis Since then other gentlemen have suggested to that they Gallivan Lenroot Porter Wil!'>OD, Fla. haye heard other similar remarks. As I say, the corroborating George LesbPr Post Wilson, N.Y. of a man's memory is of little consequence, but I wish to cite Gerry Lewis. Md. Powers Winslow GiJI Lewis. Pa. Ra

Mr. GILLETT. Yes. Mr. GILLETT. What was the office? 1\fr. FITZGERALD. The gentleman does not belie\e that 1\fr. FITZGERALD. The office was that of shipping commis· any situation exists at all parallel to what there was in the sioner of the port of New York. The gentleman removed was a administration prior to the one just before this one? former l\fember of this House .Mr. Hanbury, of Brooklyn, and l\Ir. GILLETT. Indeed, I do. the gentleman placed in the office was Capt. Dickey, of Newburgh. · l\Ir. FITZGERALD. The gentleman knows that for several I haYe the facts, I have the names, I ha-re the locations, and years, as far as Congress was concerned, it had no independent I know the political exigency that made Col. Roosevelt forget, thought or action. It simply waited until the ukase went out at least temporarily, his long professions of interest in the from the White House and the big stick was flourished and advancement of civil service in order to secure the helpful coop­ then it rapidly acquiesced in "\\hatever was proposed. eration of a -rery distinguished political mechanician in the State Mr. GILLETT. Oh, on the contrary, the gentleman will find of New York. [Applause and laughter on the Democratic side.] many instances in the case he has in mind where the leaders Mr. GILLETT. l\fr. Chairman, I do not know anything about on this side of the House openly broke from the influences and that instance. I do not know that I eter heard of it before. desires of the White House. Mr. TOWNSE~~. The gentleman knows about it now. Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes; and those leaders are now dis­ Mr. GILLETT. I do remember this: That some such charges credited and were retired from public life, because they were as the gentleman has made were brought up in this House and recognized as hostile to the public interests. That is one of the were thoroughly

' ir. FITZGEUALD. No; it ·is not. Let the gentleman get Mr. .OGLESBY,. Will .the gentleman wield? stat ements of :fa-ct and put them before the House and they will Mr. GILLET!\ Not now. He has recently issued this Execn­ be just as completely repudiated as his statements ;about the th·e Ql'der: smpp:ing of pig iron and steel produ-cts from Euro.ve into the Sehedule A, subdivision Xl, section -3, of the civil-service rules 1s her.eby :unended to read as follows : district of the gentleman from Alabama fUr. UNDERWOOD], a ~· 3. Commercial agents, experts, and special 11gents to investigate pure figa:nent -of tlle timagi:rultion. [Applause on the Demoei"atic trade conditions abroad a.-na in the United States, including the inSular side.] Now, the gentleman trom ·oregon-- pos essious, with the obje.ct of promoting the foreign commerce of the United States, including experts and special agents employed upon MI". HUMPHREY of Washington. Oh, get me dn the right the field work of investigating tlle cost of production at home a.nd State. abroad. .1\lr. FITZGERALD. From Washington bas become the official "WOODROW WILSON • ""S 0 S" of the Republiron Party [laughter on the Democratic "The Wrrrrn HousE, :Ju{y 2, 1911,/} side], and signals of distress are constantly being sounded by There is a ·w1wle ·class exempted. .Apparently he does not him. There is nothing dn sight whatever to indicate as to when watt for the legisln:ti\'"e bill. wbieh creates a class of men with his task will be 'finished. {Laughter -on the Democratic side.] salaries aggregating $100.000, who :are by the law creating them Mr. HUMPHREY -of Washingt{)n. Well, I notice I usuall_y get excepted from the ciru sen-ice, but, as jf to publish his approval a Tise out of that side; I have not failed yet. in advance -and lead the procession, the President ~xempts all M·r. FITZGERALD. No. The gentleman is like the wasp- Ve consistently v,oted in fayor .{)f placing positions fu :better plece of legislation. than it was after it had pass.ed .even the classified service and against exempting positions ft.om the the Democratic .cauc.us or .th.e Democratic majorit_y? classified ser\'"ice. President Roosevelt can ,not make .aey .such l\Ir. GILLETT. I do not wish to go into details -.or indindual statement about his record. I know otber cases, and I may cases. I c1o not mean that the President is right as against the :mention them, if the gentleman :provokes me .SUfficiently [la-ugh- House in every instance. In fact, 1 think they are both of them ter on the Democratic ·side], in his career which I could give to wmng ~ost of the time, but as a rule I _prefer the judgment .of the House; and without ·fhe possibility of contradictiun I .:assert the President to .that of Congress. that he nErrer hesitated to permit his convictions or professions .M.r. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Iowa {Mr. about the civil service to pre\'"ent him putting into office any Goon] 10 minutes. mnn whom he thought co-uld be o-f use to further his political The -CHAIRl\IAN. .The gentleman from Jowa 1s recognized interests. He took places out of the classified service and :re- for 10 minutes. . I1DOTed men, regardless of tlleir qualifications, in orcler to make Mr. GOOD. Mr. ChairDJ11..Il, it 1s not a pleasant duty for a room for men he wanted to use .POliticall_y, and !I -can ;prove it. Member to call attention to vio.la.tions ..of law by .officials whose l\fr. GILLETT. The gentleman says he cnn state tbat ~'ith- sworn duty it is to enforce the law. But while we are considering ()Ut contradic-tion. I contradict it. a ;great ~J)Jll'QPrlation bill, tt seems to me that it is not inap- Mr. FITZGERALD. Now, the gentleman from Massacllnsetts propriate for Congress to know bow some <>f the mooey which is not authorized -to speak on behalf of or act for .Col. Roose- we are appropriating is being used by those who ha1~-e charge Telt on .any political matter, and would be repudiated 1f he of its administration. I rafar, gentlemen, to .the Revenue-Cutter attempted to do so. [App1ause on the Democratic ide.] Seryice. We appropriate every :year abont $2,500,{)()0 for this :Mr. GILLETT. T·bat is quite possible. great -serri.oe. lt was first instituted to 'enforce the re\enue Mr. DRYAN. Will the gentleman y1eld! laws of the United States, to prevent smuggling of foreign Mr. GILLETT. No; 1 do not. goods into this conntr_y, and to-day we have a great fleet ,under Ml·. BRYAN. I want to ilenounce it as false. [Laughter.] the control of the Secretary of the Treasury. Jt -is a n-otorit change the revenue cutter Prair·ie leaves Boston, comes to Washington my opinion of his conduct, and while the gentleman has :pro- .and is loaded with Democratic officials, and they are taken for ~ lpounded a qu~tion about a ·certain case wbich l can not answer cruise ilown the Potomac at Go\'"ernment expense. But that bee1.use I know nothing about it, yet, when be says .President would not be so bad if the violation of the law sto:pped there. Roo- eYelt neTer hesitated to l}Ut in one crf his supporters :and il .han~ bere the Washingt-on Post of ~nly 6, 1914. from which I 'Was constantly hampering the ciTil,service 1aw, I .know that want to read the following dlspa.teh-: the gentleman is wrong, because that very question was brought {Specl:al to the Washington Post.] !Up and discussed and inYestigated here in this House, and those lliTTAPOTSE-TT. MAss., July 5, 11Jlj. \who made that assertion were proven to be wrong. 'There is 'this distinction moreo'\er betw~en that administratian and this. ~'{;~~ gel~~~~~~;:ta~fr·e

On the 24th day of June Congress appropr-iated $475,000 to -The gentleman from ... Now tYork-was wrong in that particular. purchase two additional revenue cutters that will be added to Any gentleman on this floor who ·has · respect for truth and this great fleet of pleasure craft for the Secretary of the Treas­ for a true record of an administration such as was conducted ury and those to whom he may desire to extend the courtesy of by President Roosevelt has a ·right to rise on · this floor and violating the laws of the United States. The Secretary of thP. defend him against those charges; and I just want, in the three Treasury is not responsible for this statute, but, Mr. Chairman. minutes I have, to read a tribute to his administration from an he is responsible for the administration of the laws so far as authority that is not politically aligned with President Roose­ the revenue cutters are concerned. velt, but for whom, perhaps, the gentleman from New York Mr. Chairman, we have had in the past 10 years a period of has more or less regard. It is a tribute from Woodrow Wilson, law enactment. What we need to-day is a renaissance of law the historian. · enforcement. How can the President of the United States In Woodrow Wilson's Epochs of American History, in the expect the OL'dinary citizen to obey and respect the law when his volume entitled "Division and R~union," the author pays a Secretary of the Treasury violates the law with impunity? tribute to President Roosevelt which is about as emphatic in Public sentiment should demand the removal from office of terms of commendation as can be found anywhere. A close every official whose sworn duty it is to enforce the law, but who perusal of these volumes will disclose the fact that it is much refuses to enforce it. And if the public to-day had the power, more commendatory than is accorded to any other President by in no uncertain terms it would demand the removal from office the author, Woodrow Wilson. A special chapter is given to the of the Secretary of the Treasury, who not only refuses to en­ subject "President Roosevelt's policies," and in that chapter a force this law but himself violates it. I commend him to the brief record of "certain more or less manifest results" are words of a great Republican, to those patriotic words of Abra­ " ventured.'' as follows: ham Lincoln : By the President's mediation in the great an~bracite coal strike in Let every American, every lover of liberty, every well-wisher to his October, 1902, the country was instructed to recognize that dangerous posterity swear by the blood of the Revolution never to violate in the insolence of aggregated capital, · that heedlessness of public t·ights, least particular the Jaws of the countrv and never to tolerate their vio­ which is signified by the term " plutocracy " ; by the successful prosecu­ Lation by others. As the patriots of seventy-six did to support the tion by the Government of the Northern Securities case, tn 1903, the Declaration of Independence, so to the support of the Constitution and Sherma:n Act was rescued from disuse and shown to be, If not itself laws let every American pledge his Life, his property, and his sacred an adequate or certain measure for dei!Hng with great rapitalistlc honot·-let every man remember that to violate the law is to trample combinations, yet a powerful weapon in the bands of the Exarutive. with on the blood of his father and to tear the charter of his own and his which to negotiate for such a measure from Congress; by the Elkins cbild•·en's liberty. Let reverence for the laws be breathed by every Act of 1905, and · the prosecutions that have ensued under Jt, railroad American mother to the lisping babe that prattles on her lap; let it rebating has been rendered a relatively unprofitable practice, attended be taught in schools. in seminaries, and in colleges; let it be written with great risk; by the Hepburn Act the Inter~tate Commerce Commis­ in primers, in spelling books, and in almanacs; let it be preached from sion bas been recalled from failure and made a valuable administrative the pulpit, proclaimed in legislative balls. and enforced in courts of agency; by the investigation of the Chicago stockyards. the prblic were justice. And, in short, let it become the political religion of the Nation; taught the value of publicity and the serviceability of government as and let the old and the young, the rich and the poor, the grave and the an inquisitorial and informing agency ; by the pure-food law, a scope of gay of all sexes and tongues and colors and conditions sacrifice unceas­ power over interstate commerce, not often hinted at before, was as­ ingly upon its altars. serted successfully by the National Government; by the public-land policy of the adminish·ation. the responsibility of the pt·esent to futm·e [A.ppla use. J generations was emphasized as by its other policies the responsibility Mr. Chairman, above all let it be taught to-day to the Secretary of capital to the community was ln~isted upon. It has been sometimes urged against Mr. Roosevelt's administration of the Treasury, who violates the law with impunity. that it failed of institutional progress along any definite line. However Mr. CLARK of Florida. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman this may be, all must admit that the chief legacy of this remarkable yield? administration to the people of the United States is one of irleas. Mr. Roosevelt brought to office, together with a thoroughly ag~ressive dis­ The CHAIRMAN (Mr. ADAMSoN). Does the gentleman from position to m-ge them, certain formulated notions. lie believed that Iowa yield to the gentleman from Florid:: ? government, if informed and administered by experts, could be made Mr. GOOD. Yes; I yield the floor. an agency for the advancement of the communlty; be believed that there was still in the United States a large and, if properl:v led, domi­ Mr. CLARK of Florida. No; I simply want the gentleman to nant body of citizenship Independent in Its affiliations of eitbei· labor or answer a question. Does the gentleman think that Secretary capital ; he believed in the Presidency as the natural and responsible, of War Taft violated the law when he went on an excursion to because sole, representative of 'that citizenship; and he believed, finally, the Philippines with a lot of his friends and Members of Con­ In party as the necessary instrument of leadership. gress on a Government vessel? [Appla usq on the Democratic He closes by saying: side.] One can recognize the validity of many of the criticisms that have .Mr. GOOD. I know of no statute prohibiting the President been leveled against Mr. Roosevelt's administration and still agree of the United States to ride on a war vessel when he is at the with Gov. Hughes, of New York, in characteriz-ing it as "an adminis­ b·ation which bas impressed the American people with the necessity head of the Army and Naval forces of the United States. for the correction of obvious evils and has stirred the American con­ Mr. CLARK of Florida. He was Secretary of War, and he science." used a transport. .Mr. GOOD. Yes; and he was sent on public business to the Now, if that be true, if the statement of Woodrow Wilson Philippine Islands. be h·ue in that particular, is it posnible that the President of Mr. CLARK of Florida. But not .) that excursion. There the United States. Theodore Roosevelt, violated all his ideals were seYeral marriages contracted on that trip. It was a social and all of his principles on civil service and prostituted that affair. great cause to his political ends by appointing men whom he The CHAIRl\IAN. The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon] has could use politically without regard for the public service, used seven minutes. ·without regard to the public interest, but to further partisan Mr. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, I now yield three minutes to political ends? . the gentleman from Washington [Mr. BRYAN]. I think the gentleman from New York will be ashamed of his Mr. GREEN of Iowa and Mr. MONDELL rose. . statement when he sees it in the RECORD, and I hope he will The CHAIRMAN . .::."'or what purpose does the ·gentleman purge the RECORD of that statement. from Iowa 1·ise? President Roosevelt, he said, used his administration, used Mr. GILLETT.· !Ie yields, Mr. Chairman, to the gentlem:m his power under the civil service, for his own political pur­ from Washington. poses. · The gentleman from New York can not make good his The CHAIR~AN. For what purpose does the gentleman statements. He can not offer the evidence or the proof. from Wyoming rise? The CHAIU,MAN. The time of the ,gentleman from Wash­ Mr. MONDELL. I rose for recognition at the time the gen­ ington has eXIJired. tleman from Massachusetts yielded. to the gentleman from Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Washington. Washington [l\.Ir. BRYAN] is a new Member of this House. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Washington [Mr. If he were in politics long enough to walk on his own feet, he BRYAN] is recognized for three minutes. would not make the t:.ssertion that any statement that I make Mr. BRYAN. Mr. Chairman, a few moments ago the gentle­ in this House is untrue. I neither make untrue statements nor man from New York [1\Ir. FITZGERALD] made a very caustic and do I so far violate the rules of the body of which I am a Mem­ unauthorized and untrue statement about the policy of a. former ber as to characterize the statements of others-I almost said President of the United States on the subject of the civil service, "gentlemen," but I will say "Members "-as untrue. I sug­ and when the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. Gll.l..ETT] un­ gest that the Representatiye from Washington continue his dertook to defend the former President and to cbaJ.lenge the work of reading the writings uf Woodrow Wilson. The more statement, the gentleman from New York stated that the be reads of President Wilson's works the more information he gentleman from Mas achusetts had no right to defend the will obtain, the better qualified he will be to perform his public former President of the United States in that matter or in any duties, and the more likely to form a correct estimation of what other matter. is proper in a Representative in this body. 1914. ruONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 11973

l\1r. Chairman, the gentleman from 1\Iassacbusetts [Mr. · GIL­ service, his Tiolation of the civil-service law, his prostitution LETT] has been criticizing the pre!)ent administration · for its of the authority given him under the law, for the purpose of actions in connection with the civil rervice. Recently a state­ providing places in the Government without examination. Mr. ment appeared as to the character of the exemptions made by Chairman, I should be willing to stake my reputation on the the President of the United States, in the exercise of his statement that the great majority of the exemptions made by authority under the civil-service rules.. A knowledge of the Pre ident Wilson since be has been in office has been of the President's action will be valuable and instructive and will be character I have described. I have watched with some care approved by every unbiased and impartial critic. Men who what has been done, and I have stated the facts. have been injured while at work in the go,·ernmental service; The gentleman refers to the recent action of the President in widows formerly in the classified service, whose husbands, after exempting from examination the commercial attaches or agents years of fajthfu1 service, had died, have been appointed or rein­ who are to be appointed to promote the foreign commerce of stated without examination, and some persons who had for long the United States. The Secretary of Commerce, before the years served in some minor capacity as messengers have re­ Committee on Approp1iations, advocated such legislation. I cently, by Executive order, been promoted to such positions as believe that his position was absolutely sound. He wishes, un killed laborers, so as to obtain a slight additional comven­ for instance, to obtain a man to send to South America to make sation. an investigation of the boot and shoe trade in some of the I ha Ye personal knowledge of some of these acts by this ad­ South American countries. He said-and I believe his con­ ministration. A resident of my district was employed by the tention to be correct-that the man who would be of any value Army engine2rs on river and harbor work. He was an engineer, to the United States is not the man who may be successful in and had charge of a hoisting engine. Without negligence n.n passing an examination in reading, rhetoric, grnmmar, higher his part, as the result of an accident to the apparatus, he lost mathematics, ancient history, botany, or some other similar an arm, so that be could no longer follow his occupation of subjects which may not be familiar to those citizens of the engineer. He was in sound physical condition, a man about United States who are familiar with the shoe trade, but what 53 years of age, possessed of an ordinary school education. is needed is a man who knows the boot and shoe trade, who He could not get private employment, because no one would knows its history and its development, who has some knowl­ employ a man with but one arm. He sought employment among edge of the trade in the particular country to which he is to be priYate entervrises as ·a watchman or messenger, but the fad sent, as well as the language of the country, and is of such a that he was disabled prevented him from obtaining employment. presentable appearance that his services will be of some value. He sought an opportunity to take the civil-service examination, Men are needed to investigate the woolen and worsted busi­ so that he might qualify for a position as messenger in the ness abroad, the extension of trade in cotton goods and other departmental seryice, but the Civil Service Commission de-­ articles of American manufacture. The character and type of clined to permit llim to take an examination because of the men desired can not be best obtained through a civil-service physical defect-the loss of an arm, without fault on his p_at·t examination. Such men must be taken from the trade; they and while engaged in the governmental service. Here was a must be familiar with the trade, its technique, and its develop­ man 52 or 53 years of age, sound physically, with the exception ment and extension. To be of real value they must be known that he had lost an arm in the governmental service; of falr to those who are to make use of their reports and rely upon education, competent to pass an examination, refused employ­ them. Men will not do who will be sufficiently interested only ment in priyate life, forbidden to take the civil-service ex~mi­ to draw the salary attached to the place and be without other am- nlltions for employment by the GoYernment, anxiously seeking ·bition or greater capacity than is required to draw the salary. an opportunity to earn his livelihuod, and finding every dooJ' I do not believe that the charges as to the prostitution of the .closed to him. That such a situation should exist in our civili­ civil senice by this administration can be sustained. I do not zation seems in possible; to permit it to continue would l>e believe that the facts justify them. So far-- intolerable. Mr. BURKE of South Dakota. Will the gentleman yield? The facts were presented to the President of the United States. The CH..L\.IRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield The record was referred to the Army engineers in charge of to the gentleman from South Dakota? the work where this man had been employed. Upon a report Mr. FITZGERALD. I do. from them that this man bad been an industrious, sober, faith­ Mr. BURKE of South Dakota. The gentleman has illus­ ful, and competent employee, that be had lost his arm as the trated his ability to defend the administration very effec­ result of an accident for which he was not at fault, President tively-- Wilson issued a·n order that be might be appointed in the Fed­ Mr. FITZGERALD. I am not defending the administration. ·eral service as a messenger, without examination, wherever I am telling the truth about the administration, and the truth there might be need for his services. Afterwards the head of is always its own defense. one of the departments appointed him to such a position. That Mr. BURKE of South Dakota. '.rbe gentleman has demon­ act and similar acts by the President are now criticized and strated his ability to defend the administration against the condemned as a violation of the underlying principles of the charges made by the gentleman from Massachusetts [.Mr. GIL­ civil-service law. LETT]. The gentleman from Iowa [1\Ir. Goon] just made a Mr. GILLETT. Of course nobody-- charge against an official of this Government that, if true, Mr. FITZGERALD. Such action is only what should be amounts to a malfeasance in office. Persona11y, I haYe a very expected of a humane man in the White House. With such a high estimate of the man who presides over the Treasury De­ record before him, with the power given to him under the law, partment, and I am not inclined to believe the charge made how could be do otherwise than give this man an opportunity to against him can be true. Having great confidence in the gentle­ support hims.elf and his wife and three or four dependent chil­ man's knowledge of what goes on with relation to governmental dren by employment in the Federal service in a position for matters, I should like to have him tell us what the facts are in which he was fully quallfied '? . relation to the charge made by the gentleman from. Iowa [1\Ir. Or take the case of the widow of some Government employee, Goon]. To me it is a very much more important matter than who before her marriage had been employed in the departmental the question of the violation of the civil-service law. service. After years of married life with some employee in the Mr. FITZGERALD. Of course, Mr. Chairman, it is an ex­ Federal Go>ernment, who had rendered faithful and efficient traordinary request to ask me to explain what there may be in service iu an inconspicuous place and then passed away, why charges made by partisan Republicans against a Democratic should she be deprived of the opportunity to return to that administration. senice? Who would insist that she be compelled to qualify Mr. GA.1~TOR. Partisan newspapers. through the medium of an examination, if her capacity had Mr. FITZGERALD. It is asking me to perform a remark­ previously been established? Who can c1iticize the Executh·e able and peculiar service. I have no knowledge of any facts for permitting such a woma11 to return without examination to upon which these charges have been made. Gentlemen base a position similar to the one which she had formerly occupied them upon certain reports in newspapers and certain reports of in the Goyernment service? Are such acts to be <:ondemned for the movements of different persons. I have been sufficiently mere political effect, as violations of the civil-service law? long in public life to lead me to the conclusion that it is not Ur. GILLET'l'. The gentleman seems to intimate that I con­ always wise to place too much reliance upon what one reads delllll tb .>se acts. Of course I do not condemn them. I believe in the public press. If anyone has violated any law to such an nobody condemns them. But does the gentleman bring up a extent that he is guilty of malfeasance in office, there is a praiseworthy case like that as any answer to this exemption remedy. One of the valuable things about our system of Gov­ of whole classes for patronage purposes? erlllllent is that we provide remedies for such things. But may Mr. FITZGERALD. The gentleman may not in specific it not be possible that certain officials of the Treasury Dapart- . terms ba-re condemned these acts. but he was condemning the ment, in the performance of some of the multifarious duties im­ action of the Chief Executive for his raid upon the civil posed upon them, have been required to go aboard i'evenue cut- 11974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,. ters nnd to go from one place to another on them to perform Mr. FITZGERALD. I understand that; too serious to nave properly imperative official duties? Is it wise or safe for any­ charges of this cha rueter made unless based on the most ac­ one to take as a proper characterization of the purpose of such curate and substantial information. journeys the statements that may be made about them in the 1\Ir. HUMPHERY of Washington. I was going to ask the public prints? gentleman if it was true, assuming that the Secretary of the l\Ir. BURKE of South Dakota. If the gentleman will permit ~reasury has used this vessel for his pri-rate purpose for pleas­ m~, what he has just said might be considered as an inquiry ure, is it a violAtion of the statute? to me, inasmuch as I propounded the question that the gentle­ Mr. FITZGERALD. The statute provides that these vessels man is answering. I want to say to him that I am quite in shall be used for public purposes only, and not for private pur­ accordance with what he says. I haYe too high a regnrd for poses. Let me gi-re the gentleman an illustration, to show how this official to believe that this can be true; but I thought per­ ridiculous such charges may be. At the time of the last inter­ haps the gentleman was in possession of the facts, and that he national yacht race I wa-' ..:hed the races from a revenue cutter. could answer the charge of the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Mr. MONTAGUE. Under what administration was that? Goon]. 1\fr. FITZGERALD. I do not remember; but it was a Repub­ l\1r. RITZGERALD. I am in possession of no facts which lican administrntion. The revenue cutter under the law was would justify me in the belief that any Democratie official in detailed for the purpose of policing the course of the interna­ this administration is guilty in the slightest degree of the vio­ tional yacht race. It was there on public business. Under no lation of any law. [Appl.ause on the Democratic side.] stretch of the imaJ;ination could it be said, although I was a I baYe not hesitated when I haYe had information that I Representative in Congress, that I was on board on official duty have believed was reliable about officials ol"erstepping the limits or for any official purpoEe. I was there because I desired to of their authority to discharge my public duty as a Repre­ see the yacht mce. I was permitted to go by the gracious atti­ sentative by free criticism of them. In this case I have no tude of a Republican 8e\!l etary of the Treasury after consider­ information that would justify such action. It seems to me able persuasion. Could it bt; said that the law was violated by from my knowledge of the extent of the functions of the Treas­ permitting the revenue cutter to be used for private purposes to ury Department, of the multitudinous duties imposed upon the enable me and some more distinguished gentlemen to obseiTe department by law, of the necessity of high officials kE'e-ping the race while the boat was there in the performance of the somewhat close scrutiny of those under them, that it is not duties imposed upon the Revenue-Cutter Service by law? Can only likely but quite probable that it has been essential for the it be said that if a revenue cutter goes from the port of New Secretary of the Treasury and some of his assistants at various York to the port of Boston for the purpose of having discharged. 'times to travel on reyenue cutters in the performance of their some of the senice imposed upon the department by law, that duties. the fact that the Secretary of the Treasury, who is charged with Mr. GOOD. Will the gentleman yield? responsibility for the ser\lce, is on board make use of the Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes. cutter a use for private purposes? Assume that if on the way Mr. GOOD. WiH the gentleman name some of the duties that from one place to another it should happen to stop and let hjm might devol\e on the Secretary of the Treasury which would off at some place where he might happen to desire to stay tem­ cause him to use a revenue cutter leaving New York Harbor porarily, would the fact ::hat he got off, instead of remaining with the American flag flying, ond immediately after it was aboard and traveling past where he desiret: to get off, change outside of the hn rbor the Secr~tary ordering the flag to be the.character of the purpose of this trip? pulled down, and its remaining down until they reached the porf .Mr. Chairman, it shows how easily ridiculous charges can be in Massachusetts where his summer ilome is-can the gentle­ made to appear of great importance. I do not expect from man tell us what public duties would cause such an act as that? Democratic officials a less regard for the law than from Repub­ Mr. FITZGERALD. I would have to suppose that that hap­ licans. a.nd I know that it would be very d.iffiIENT rated by a Republican administration, and administration by a SINCE MARCH 4, 1913. Republican chief and his clerks. A recapitulation of the economies ~et forth in detail in the attached The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to inserting the docu­ memorandum shows a net savin~ of $941,272. ·ment referred to? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. In addition to the above savmgs, by an order of the department of Mr. GLA.SS. This report will show, upon a recapitulation of April 30, 1913, depositary banks were required to pay, oii and after June 1, 1913, interest at the rate of 2 per <'ent per annum on ail Gov­ economies set forth in detail, that the Secretary of the Treasury ernment deposits. Including interest already paid and interest due to has sa Yed 941,272 to the taxpayers of this country by his ad­ date, the amoiDlt of income derived under this order on deposits other than for crop-moving purposes amounts to approximately $1,120.080.19 ; ministration of that office. [Applause on the Democratic side.] Interest on special deposits for crop-moving purposes also amounts to In the course of the discussion the other day the gentleman $267,844.51, making a total net income of approximately $1,387,933.70 from Wyoming [l\Ir. MoNDELL] undertook to flout the economies realized as a direct result of the order above referred to. Improvement work is continually going on in the department, and of this administration by suggesting that he had failed to find lt is necessary, if it is to be continued, that the Secretru·y have, a.s here­ out from the Treasury Department something of the extrava­ tofore, a contingPllt fund at his disposal for this purpose, in order that gant expenses incurred by the Federal reserve organization prompt and effective results may be obtained.

committee in going around the country seeking information ASSISTANT SECRETARY IN CHARGE OF PUBLIC BUILDI~OS. rel:1ting to the new bn.nking and currency system. It was sug­ Sites for public buildings, 1913 bill: Congress appropriated $30.000 gested that the gentleman from Wyoming could not get the in­ for salaries :md expenses of sit:P agents to inspect 300 sites. All tbe formation because the committee was afraid to reveal its ex­ sites have been inspected at a cost of $20,000, effecting a saving of $10.000. tra\agant expenditures. Mr. Chairman, I can supply the infor­ Of the 300 sites inspected, about 30 have been accepted. on which mation. If the organization committee bad expended every $85,000 bas been saved by the Assistant Secretary's negotiations with dollar put at its disposal, the sum would have been only $100,- the vendors after negotiation and finnl recommendation by site agents. 000. But the committee bas not expended half of that amount Total saving to date on sites, $95,000. The expenses of these gentlemen were only t7,575.!>8, going APPOINTMENT DIVISIO~. from one end of the country to the other in an exba ustive effort Abolished one clerkship at $1,200 per year. to ascertain essential facts on which to base their action in AUDITOR FOR THE INTEniOR DEP.ABTMLNT. inaugurating the greatest re\olution in the banking system in Installed mechanical devices to audit pension accounts. without wlllch this country that has been made since the foundation of the 30 more clerks would have been required. Cooperated with 'rreasurer's Office, which resulted in a material sav­ Republic. [Applause on the Democratic side.] Se,en thousand ing in clerical force. five hundred dollars co\ers the personal expenses and $1,856 Auditor instrumental in establishing administrative examination of the expenses of the stenographic force. accounts in Pension Office, resulting in a saving of many clerks in l">en­ sion Office. 'There is now to the credit of the fund $65,000. Talk about AUDITOR FOR THD NAVY DEPA.RTME~T. extravagance! I asli: the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. GQon], Reduced size of records, which tmved large amount for printing and as I would ask tlle gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. 1\lo:r..t>ELL] economized filing space. . were be here, to contn1st that expenditure of a little more than Auditor dispensed with private secretary. $9,000 with the expenditru·e of your monetary commission on AUDITOR FOR THD POST OFFICE DEPJ.RTME~T. its junket over the face of the earth of $287,000. [Applause Changed method of accounting for deposits of surplus money- on the Democratic side.] Two hundred and eighty-seven thou­ order funds------$7,640 sand dollars for the assembling of a library to which few Saving in renL------3, 200 Changes pertaining to monl'y-order transfers______800 persons will e\er resort; for the translation of works that Omitted punchin~ of symbols by gang punchers______7, 000 might ha ye been bought for a farthing in a London book store, Changed method of auditing issued International money orders__ 5, 000 and for many other things that were useless. And with what Changed method of settling postmasters' accounts ______25, 247 result? What did we get for our $287,000? Merely a bill that Changes in examination of money-order statements------25, 300 proposed to turn the entire banking business of Ametica over to Total------74,187 "the system" which we were endeavo1ing to destroy. Yet AUDITOR FOR TilE TREASURY DEPARTMENT. gentlemen on the other side have the audacity to charge the No specific economies. Taking care of increased volume of work with· Democratic administration of the Treasury Department with out increase in force. extra\agant expenditures. [Loud applause on the Democratic AUDITOR FOR ·rHE STATE AND OTRER DEPARTMEXTS, side.] Saving in clerk hire (5 clerks), $5,200.

There has been no extravagance under Secretary McAdoo's AUDITOR FOR THE WAR DEPARTME~T. regime. There ha\e been inaugurated great economies. The Saving in clerk hire ( 12 clerks, 1 messenger), $16,4GO.

report of the experts which I shall presently file will demon­ BOOKKEEPING A~l> W A.Rlli\NTS. strate this in detail. Saving in clerk hire, $700. Furthermore, it may be asserted, the present Secretary of the Treasury has saved the country $1,387,933.70 in interest BunEA.U OF ENGRAV1NG Al\"'D PniNTING. Use of power presses------$90, 000 charges alone, and $267,844.51 of this amount is interest de­ Use of motor trucks instead of horse-drawn vehicles______5, 000 rived on GoYemment loans to banks throughout the country Reorganization of office of custodian of dies, roJis, and plates__ 3, 000 engaged in helping American farmers mo\e their crops. There­ Improved method of drying plate printed Impressions______5, 000 tofore the banks borrowed crop-movir:g funds from Wall Street, and Wall Street borrowed from the Federal Treasury without Total------103,000 intere t. Last year depositary banks paid the Treasury nearly CHIEF CLERK AND SUPERINTENDE..'IPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY. ury Department, as taken from the report handed me by Mr. No specific economies. Volume of work Increased without increase Brown: ln force. Summary of places aboli8hed. CUSTOMS DIVISION, Appointment Division. 1 clerksWP------$1,200 By a reorganization of the Customs Service an actual reduction in ex­ Anditor for Interw1· Department, 8 clerkshlps ______14,420 penditures will be realized during the fiscal :vear of $481,000. Auditor for Post Office Department. 25 clerkships ______29,320 'l'he force employed In the <.'ustoms Sen·ice has been reduced from Auditor for the State and Other Departments, 5 clerkships __ _ 5,200 7,998 to 7,249 employees, a reduction of 640. At the same time the 1914 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-ROUSE. 11977,

customs rE>ceipts for tbe year wm be between $15,000,000 and $20,000,- The di!Ierence ts accounted for as follows: 000 in excess of the amount estLmated. DISBURSI!\G CLEllK. Number Saving in clerk hire, $1.000. or em- Salaries. .• ployees.. I~"TER!'AL-REVE"'UE BUREAU. No specific economies. Income tax has lncl'eased apenditures. REDUCTIONS IN SAI..Al\Y ROLL. LIF&-SAVI!ffi SERVICE. No specific economies. Retrrrned to the offices from which they had been d~t:lfled...... 28 $36,080 LOANS ..L•m CURRE:YCY. t~~~o~u!rg:e~b:n ~~~~~-::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::: ~:::::: ~ ~: ~ Numerous instances of bettered methods, without nny specific econo-­ Assigned to other sections of the Accounting DiYision to assist mies. inbringi~ tbl'ir work n-p to date...... 10 112,000 Unemployed, awaitin~ ass.llmment to other work 2...... 11 11,600 MAIL AND li'tU:S. Exchanged with other oJices (witbout increase or reduction No specific economies. of force) ...... -...... _.. , .... ______, ______,...... 2,200 MINT BUREAU. 1----l---- Appropriations have been reduced by approximately $75,000. Total reductions ...... __ • _. -·. __ ...... __ ••• _••••• _•• _. • .. . 57 iO. 700 PRL 'TIYG AND S"TATIOX!mY. ADDITIONS TO SALARY ROLL.. No specific economies. Pun.LIC-HEAL1'H Sr:BVlC:e. ~rl~~:':-.: ·.. :: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .. ______~- ~: m Employed temporarily to assist in installing new system ... _.... 2 2, 100 No specific economies. 1----1---- PU'B1.TC Mo::-;EYS. 'I'ota.l increases_----~---·-.·-·-······ ___ .... ·---· .. _...... s, 780 n.v rear-;on of thP rei!Qlntion iRsnPd by the SPcretary of the Trpasnry Net reduction.········-·-·-······ .. ·······-··-·······-·· 50 1 62,000 (.)D thE' 30th of April, 1913, to the t>fff'ct that interPst would be cbarg-~>d 1 on all puhlic mon~ys w th denositl\ry banks. the Go,..ernm<>nt w1ll bavt", 1 up to nnd including .Tune 30, 1914, collected interest in an amount Bl'ltlmat('d. · approximating 1,400,000. 2 Tbr·ee of thes(' clerks were detailed to tbe office of the Anditor tor the Intel'ior Department June lb REGISTER OF THE TllEASUUY. Twenty clerks were relieved from duty before AprlJ 30, while tbe Dl~>continUE'd DiviRion of Not(>~. roupons, and Cnrrency. Saving in £meiency Dlvi. io'l'l w-as conducting experiments; the remainder have salaries, $18,400. (Clerks arE detailed to other offices.) bef>o reli"E"vE>t'J !lnce the new gystE>tn was imtalleif on l\Iay 1. REVE;ITUE-CUTTER SERTlCE. In addition to t~ rPdl1ct:ion in cost ther-e bas belcn much improve­ m("nt in the aeeur·a.ey and promptness wltb which check::~ are cleared No fq)Pclfi~ economies Impr~H·Nnent at s~l·vi<:e depot at Arundel. CoV\'l and postt:>d. When tbE> Efficiency Division began it work tbe checks resulting in 8avings in l'Ppnirs tG vPS!«'l~ .. 1\'ere eleare-d, ns an average, about five r on the day of !'l'<.-eipt Ol' on the l'lc>xt day. If, No specitic economiE>s. as IS hoped, thE' lm:;pf'ction of bank stamps can he eliminated, it w.ll be possible to clea:1" e-acb day all cht-ck. received up to 11 o'clock, which SPECI.\L AGENT~ DIVISIO~. means a hn·gt> mnjority of all the rt>ceipts .. Savin~ from vacancies in the force on salary ron, $9,375. (Since Errors in tb<" totsl of ebarg<'s and cndlts, wbicb were fQrmerly not March 4, Hl13. l tnfr<>que-nt ba-.e been elimfn-ntE>cL Clleck.s are still eharg{>d to tile rnexpendPd balanct> of appropliation for detE>ct1on and prevention of wrong aecount, but changes now being made will pmetieaUy eliminate frauds will be somewhat in E'XCt'Ss of such balances for former years. sueb errors. SlJPERVISIXG ARCHITECT. ThE> foreA"oing results, so far as th~ may be credited to the Division ot' EffieleiJcy. hnve ~n ae~ompli~bed wltb an t>xpenditl:lr~ of 4.712 Changes in method o1 supplying electric current to public buildings, from the appropriatlou for the Division of EfficieDcy and $:3.5!l5 .. 75 $33,000. from the Secretary of ~ Treasury's continge-nt fund, a total of TRIJASURI;;n OF THlil UNITED S'CA1'ES. • $8,iW7.75. lmprovro methQd.s without specific economies. In the near futu.re it is boped to discontinue the examination or bank stamps. whicb rcquir·ps the SPrvices of six clNks; to reduce by three or four cle1·ks tll<' force E>ngag-t'd in oorting checks and handling EXHIBIT B. stoppae-es: aoo t-o ret nee h:v aoont ont>-third tbe force engagc>d in stat­ in~ di bursing officer ' '3ecorrnts.. keeping dt>po~ltary accounts. handling UXITED STATES CIVIL SERVICi'l COlBIISSION, Trea ury wan·ant.~ and ~gisroring daily abstracts of the Treasurer's Washington, D. C .. , JWle 11, f!lt.S. account 1\Tith banks. MEMORAND:J~ FOR ASSIRTA,'T SECRETARt llAML~ REG.!llDix-6 THE WoRK From the fot·egoirrg statMDt"nts It is cleal' t'bat the 30 additional OF THD EFFICIE~CY DITISIO~ OF TBD CIVIL SEBTICE CO.HMISSIO:f Dl cl~rks reqoesti'd fer the Accounting Division in tbe Tnrasmrf'l''s estl· THE TREA.Sl"RER'S OFFICE. matel'l for 1015 ar-t' not ne.>ded, and it is su~!rted that th~> tentative Since the Division of Effic1ency be~mn Its investigation of tbe Ac­ withdtawa1 of tbt> ('Stimate for these clerks be conlirmed. In prPpmin"' counting Division cf the Treasurer's Office the force employed on tho. e tbe esti'Ilates fot· 1!H6 it will bP possible to eliminate a considerabl~ parts of the work in which methods t'Pcommended by the Efficiency number of positions now prolidro tor. Divi ion ba ve been adopted bas been reduced by 50 clerks, or i{5 per AppencW<'J are 11) a statement of the roore important changes that cent, as shown bJ the following compa1·ison of the num~r ot pet·sons have conttibnted to tbe reduction of fo-rCE': 12) a stntPIDent of further employed on .Tune 15 with the number employed a.bout February 1, important eba~es propos.. d: ( :~) an ontl1ne or the present procedure; according to Mr. Baker's statement appended hereto: ( 41 a II t of the- clerk reHe-vffi trom duty in tbe Accountinoo Division since February 1, witb tbPh' Falaa'iffi; and ( 5) Mr. Baker's statem~nt of l."utnber of employees JurJ.e ~. 191~. the per·sonn~l of the Accounting Division about Februacy 1. CLEARING CHECKS. Respectfully, miscellnneous------~--- HERm:RT B-nnwN Correspondence and 8 D. 1 Open ing mall ____ ------4 Chief_, Divl8lon of Etfieu:.1cy. Examining bank stamps (three of these clerks were dE.'mJied to the .Approv~; office of the Auditor for the Interior Department .June 18) -----­ 6 .J<>R":'i A. MCILHiil:VYY, SOJ·ting checks and examining signatures------­ 1~ President Oiliil Ber~ice Oornmission. l'rovmg aeneral schedules and adding checks by disbursing o~cers __ l!l Proving pension schedules and preparing summary------­ 4 Canceling chE.'f'ks_ ------__ ------­ 1 Handling stoppages (one of these clerks was detailed to the office of lKPOil.TJ.NT lliPROVE:\IERTS EFFECTED ~~ TilE Wmm: OF TlUl .AC'CO!Th"T· the Auditor for the Interior Department June 18)------4 IXG Dn'ISIOt~- L CJ,EARr.;.s CHECKS. Total for clearing checks------5!:1 Keeping diAbursiug officers' accounts ______5 (a) The' examlnnt'lan of drnwer's 'Si~nt"'..,.e has been defened until Filing checks and ananglng them In numerical order______~ 4 tl'e ch<>clby insuring thnt the cbanres a~ainst disbul'Si.ng Total------0-! officers nrc correctly llSCt>t·ta inE'd. 1Eee next paragraph.) Number of e·mployees about Felwuary 1~ Dl.f.:. (b) Charge-s ugainst dishursing officers. wbich were fonnerly ob­ tninE'd by punching cards fi'Om the t>ntries on the scrt-duh's, ru·e now CLEARISG CHECKS. obtained by adding the checks l!fter they have b't>en sorted by disuurs- Correspondence nnd mlscel1aneous (including opening mall)------14 ing officers. In ordf'r to reduce the number of Ht'ms to be added, the Examining checks and 'SChedules______21 totals of the tapl:'s attaC'IJt>d by tre banks to the cl:Jecks of t'ach dis- Pt·oving schedules------­ 10 bursing officer are us<>d instead of the amounts of the individual cbecks. Ascertaining charges against disbursing officers ( punch-cai'd sys- (cl The bank schedui<'S, Instead of being PT'OVf'd indil'idu;llly with tem)------~------1~ thE> totalR of the accompan,ring chec1{S, are provt>d in runs oi about 500 . 3 c!'eclts. The c.h>cks 1n ench run arP sot1:Pd into Sf'ctions by disbursing ~~~~~1Yn~11~~~ks-::::::::_-=:::::::::::::====--=:::::_-:::: !! olilc!'rs' numners before belng added. nnd n total is madp for en~h Handling stoppages ------·------3 section. C'omllining COl'rE'spondin~ section totals for th~ rnrious l'Uns produrE>s control totals, to which tbe cbarges against disbursing otticers Total for clearing checks ______... __ 7 -l are prov('(}. Keeping disbursin~ officers' accounts______10 1d) The serial numbers of checks agn inst wbich stoppages hn>e been Filing checks in numerical ot·d~t·------2;~ plnl'!'d nre PDtPn'd on the j!tlid£' cnrds, and tt>P ch~>ckR are examined for Statillg disbursing officm·s' accounts-- · -~------~------371 stoppages before payment is eft'ected. Formerly clreeks ng-c~inst which -- stoppages had been placed were not detected until after they had Total------·-.. ------.. ·-~-·------144 been paUL • 11978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

2. KEEPING DISBURSING OFFICERS' ACCOUNTS. 5. KEEPING GENERAL ACCOUNTS. The accounts are posted by means of an adding and subtracting type­ It is proposed to establish control over the detail accounts with writer, which automatically shows the balance resulting from every depositaries and disbursing officers by means of a general ledger kept enh·y· and at the same time accumulates totals of debits and credits by double-entry system. This ledger will be o constructed that a trial for u e in provin~ postlngs. Overdrafts are thus brought to attention balance from it will produce the daily cash statement. at once, whereas formerly, when the accounts were not balanced daily, they were not certain to be revealed until the end of the month. OUTLIKE OF PROCEDURE FOLLOWED I~ CLEARING CHECKS. The depositaries remitting the checks sort them by disbu1·sing 3. FILING AXD ARRANGING CHECKS. officers, and when there are two or more checks of any disbursing (a) Instead of filing ch~cks in exact numerical arrangement from officer except the pension disbursing agent attach to them an adding day to day, the filing section now sorts them into groups of 100 or machine tape on which the amounts of the checks are listed. The 200. behind g-uides with visible tabs, and arranges them in exact nu­ total amount of the checks of each disbursing officer is then entered merical sequence at the end of the month. This change has saved the on a schedule with the disbursing officer's number and the serial time of about 12 clerks. numbers of the checks. i:'ension checks are sorted by amounts, listed (b) The arrangement of pension checks in numerical sequence, which by serial number only on a separate pension schedule, the total of served no purpose, has been discontinued, with a saving of three or which is entered on the general schedule and put up in a separate four clerks. bundle on the outside of which is entered the total amount of the 4. STATING ACCOUt."'TS. checks inclosed. On receipt in the accounting division the checks are examined to The only change thus far made in the stating of accounts Is the see that they are properly stamped by the remitting bank. The checks elimination of tbe larger part of the pension statement. This change of all disbm·sing officers, except the pension disbursing agent, are thrn has relieved three or four clerks. divided into groups-known as bank g1·oups-comprising all the checks PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS IN THE :METHODS OF THE ACCOUNTING DIVI­ received from one or more banks and including as nearly as possible about 500 checks. Each group is designated by a letter. 'Ibe cone­ SION. spondlng general schedules are similarly grouped and designated by the 1. IDE:\'TIFYL'\'G CHECKS WITH SCHEDULES, same letters. The bundles of pension checks are then separated from the other Checks are now examined on receipt to make sure that they are prop­ checks and the pension items on the general schedules are compared erly stamped by the remitting bank, so that they can be identlfl.ed with with the totals of tee pension checks as shown on the outside of the the bank after having been separated from the schedules on whtch they bundles. are listed. It is proposed instead to puncture the checks and s~hedules The totals of the schedules are then added to get a grand totnl with a special machine in such manner as to identify them wtth each for each group, and the pension-check items on the schedules are also other. This change will save the time of four or five clerks and expe­ added. dite the clearance of the checks. The checks are then sorted into 31 sections, according to the num­ 2. KEEPING DISBURSING OFFICERS' ACCOUNTS. bers of the accounts to which they are chargeable. (These number• are printed on t11e checks.) Of the 31 sections, 10 comprise one The charges against disbursing officers are now posted from adding­ account each, while each of the other 21 comprises a numbet· of ac­ machine lists of the checks on which· the account numbers have been counts. Stop cards are placed between the several sections. entered. It is proposed to post the accounts from the checks them­ The checks are then added, a total being printed at each stop card. selves and unnumbt'red lists (to be identified with the checks by the The totals of thP. sections having a number of accounts each and the amounts of tbt' items). After the charges have been posted the account totals of the sections having one account each-known as specials­ numbers "ill be entered on the tapes from the checks, and will then be are then separately recapitulated, and the list is turned in to an compared with the numbers of the accotmts to which (lOStings have been examiner, who bas already received a list of the schedule totals for made. By this means it is expected to avoid postmg to the wrong the gl'Oup and of the pension items for the group. The examinet· adds account. the totals of the two classes of sections to the totals of the pension 8. STATING DISBURSING OFFICERS' ACCOUNTS, items and compares the result with the total of the schedules. During July it is expected to get a number of dlsbursin~ officers to If the figures agree, the group is passed as correct. If the figures prepare and send to the Treasurer a W;t showing the senal numbers do not agree, the totals of the tapes attached to the checks by the and amounts of checks Issued by them. Thic; can be done without addi­ banks are added for each section separately and total of each section tional work by means of an attachment to the typewriter used in writ­ is compared with the corresponding total obtained by adding the checks ing checks. It is proposed to stamp the date of payment opposite the individua,ly. items on this list and to prove the account by listing the outstanding The tape is divided into three parts: ( 1) The list of the checks in the checks instead of listing those paid, as at present. This plan is ex­ sections having a number of accounts each; (2) the recapitulation of pected to reduce the labor of stating accounts and also to make it pos­ these sections; and ( 3) the list of the checks for the " special " ac­ sible to do a large part of the stating during that part of the month counts with the recapitulation for such accounts. The first part is when the work in the other sections of the office is light. filed, the second part is marked to show the section number of each item and is held at the examiner's desk, and the third part is handed, with ~. KEEPING ACCOUNTS WITH DEPOSITARIES. the corresponding checks, to a clerk, who marks the account number on Plans are now being perfected for keeping accounts with depositaries each portion of the list, cuts it up, and assembles the portions pertain- which are expected to reduce the work greatly and permit it to be kept ing to each account. . current. The important changes proposed include- • This clerk then adds the totals for each account from the variouR (a) Requiring banks to remit a daily schedule of certificates of de­ group lists to get a grand total for that account, and proves the grand posit which will serve both as a detailed record of the charges to banks totals for all the 10 accounts against the sum of the g1·oup recapitu­ and as a detailed record of uncovered moneys, the number of the war­ lations for the " special " accounts. rant, when issned. being entered opposite the description of the certiti­ The checks for each of the " special " accounts are then assembled. cate. This will eliminate the entry of these certificates individually in sorted by serial numbers to the thousands digit, and searched to detect two records that are now made without imposing an appreciable burden checks against which stoppages have been placed. on the depositaries. The remaining checks are sent back to the sorting room, where those (b) Requiring the depositaries to send to the Treasury daily, with in each section are handed to a clerk, who sorts them into a file box the checks and warrants paid, a notice of the transfer of funds to other containing a guide card for each account in the section. 1'he checks arc depositaries; filing the. e notices in a check file behind guides with left extending beyond the guides at the right-band end to show that the visible tabs; withdrawing thPm from this file on receipt of the corre­ sorting has not been verified. To verify sorting, the sorter compares sponding certjficates of deposit; comparing- them with the certificates the signatures on the checks with an autograph signature of the dis­ to insure that the funds were not unduly long in transit; and pinning bursing officer which bas been pasted on the guide card. the two together and filling them in a permanent file. Notices of transfer The checks are then returned to the adding-machine room, where the and certificates will be added on receipt to obtain totals for sections bank tapes and the checks without tapes are added to get the total for of the country and the notices will again be added on withdrawal from each disbursing officer, and these totals arc recapitulated to a grand the outstanding file. Control totals will thus be obtained which will total for the section. show•the aggregate amount of the notices in each section of the file, In the meantime the bank-group recapitulations of the sections having and wlll be proved with the notices periodically. It is hoped that this a number of accounts each have been combined so as to get a total for plan of checking out transfers, which will eliminate the tmnsit ac­ section 1, a total for section 2, etc. These totals are compared with the counts from the bank ledgers, will save the time of six or eight book­ totals of the checks in the corresponding sections. keepers now engaged in keeping such accounts. If the totals agree, tile tape ls approved by the ('Xaminer ; if they do (c) Transferring the liability accounts from the cash room at Wash­ not agree, the checks are readded individually. When the list for any ington to th~ Division of Gener!ll Accounts and elimin~?-ting the Wash­ section bas been approved, the totals for the accounts in that section ington remittance account. Th1s is an account to wh1ch are credited are marked with the account numbers and the tapes are sent to the receipts at banks and subtreasuries which are subsequently to be takeu bookkeepers to be posted to the disbursing officers' accounts. up by the cash room and credited to liability accounts kept there. The checks are then examined in order to detect any the payment of When the items are taken up on the Washin"'ton transcript, they are which has been ordered to be stopped. They are next stripped of the charged out of the remittance account. If the liability accounts are banks' tapes (see par. -) and sent to the canceling machine to be transferred to the Division of General Accounts, the receipts mentioned stamped with the date of payment. They then go to the file clerks. can be credited directly to these accounts and the Washington remit· Pension checks are proved to the accompanying pension schedules by tance account dispensed with. counting those of each amount and multiplying by the amount, and (d) Reducing the "account proper" with depositaries to a state- by listing on the adding machine those of miscellaneous amounts. The ment of the daily totals of- totals for the several banks are then added and proved to the total 1. Revenues and repayments received. for each bank ~oup derived from the pension Items on the general' 2. Funds received by transfer. schedules. The bank number and the total amount of the pension 3. Checks and warrants paid. checks from each bank are then entered on a statement which goes with 4. Funds transferred. the checks to the auditor each day after the checks have been canceled. 5. Balance to the credit of the Treasm·er. When checks are received without pension statements they are stated 6. Balance to the credit of postmasters and judicial officers. by number and amount in the Accounting Division before being sent to These accounts will either be posted daily from abstracts of the the auditor. · Treasurer's account similar to those now received from depositaries The posting to thp disbursing officer's accounts is done by ceans of or "ill be required of the depositaries semimonthly, the daily abstracts typewriter adding machines that will add to the old balance the cred­ being disJ?ensed wftb. In either case the accounts will be balanced its, subtract the debits, and show the new balance, and will at the same with sectiOnal controlling accounts built up from the documents re· time accumulate totals of the debits and credits. Each box is posted celved each day. This plan of keeping the ' account proper " will ma­ as a unit, and the total of the debits is compared when the posting is terially reduce the labor now spent on the work, and will also render completed with the total reached by the adding-machine operator. The unnecessary the semiannual interest statement now required of banks, correctness of the postlngs Is thus assured. Twice or thr·ee times a as the interest charges can be taken from the account Itself. The bal­ month the balances of the accounts are proved by adding to the bal­ ances used in computing the interest can also be verified in totals with ances at the end of the preceding proof period all the credits since that less labor than is now spent in proving the footings on the !em.iannual time, subtracting all the debits since that time, and checking the result lnte1·est statement. with the final balance. 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 11979

In the file room the C'hecks al'e sor.ted behind ~ruldes showing thl.' Salary of clerks appointed. account numbers, and under each account number ~roups of 290 serial numbc>I'S. At tlw ('Dd of thP month the checks of each dtsburs!ng J. L. B. Chisholm------$900 offirer arC' sorted into exact nume1ical sequence and sent to the statmg H. L. Church------·- 900 section. where statem(lnts of uccount are prepared. which show tn det~H Mrs. E. de G. Robb------900 chE'Cks clenred durine the month and the amounts placed to the dls­ A.. Allen Gray (detailed to the office of the Auditor fo1· the bur~ing officer's credit. Interior Department June 18, 1914) ------900 Oswald N. Todd------900 Clerks returned to tlre offices tronl whfch they hail bee1~ detailed. Total (5)------4.500 Name. Salary. Date. Office. Salary of clerks employed tempora1·ily to assist in installino new system. ~~~~e ~~J=~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: $l,~gg 19U. Hoffman,J. H •...•.....•...• t1, 200 Feb. 11 Auditor Treasnry Department. Burns, H. W ..•...... •...... 1, 200 Mar. 17 Auditor Interior Department. Total (2>------2,100 Larner, M. L ...... 1,~00 ... do ..... Commissioner Internal Revenue. Olcrks employed ·il' sections ot Acco'Untina Dlv~sion not yet tal•en up by Eerdman, Lyman •...... 1, 200 Mar. 20 Auditor War l,)ep::utment. Division of E/lfoiency. Fo.rrar,c.c...... 1, 600 Mar. 28 Do. Vi"as~in~ton, E. W ...... ; 1, 400 Apr. 2 Do. Koolev, E. R ...... 1,000 Apr. 8 Do. About McNulty, P.R ...... 1,200 ... do ..... Do. June 15. Feb.L Bibb,J.C ...... 1, 200 Apr. 9 Auditor Nav:v Department. Wood,R.H ...... 1,400 Apr. 16 Auditor Wur"Department ---- Cleveland,C. E ...... 1,000 Apr. 2.5 Audit.or State Department. Bookkeeping section ...... ___ ...... Dnnlap, ('barles...... Commissioner Internal Revenue. 12 '1 l,fOO ...do ... . Warrant section (inr.luding Mr. Baker's oiDce) ...... 38 33. Gu,·ton, E. E ...... 1,~00 ... do ..... Dire<'tor of Mint. R ...... Eamilton,J. 1,000 ... do .... . Auditor Kav:v Department. Total...... EO 40 Earlm, P. J ...... l,FOO ... do .... . 0 r ce of R~ister. Increase ...... 10 Bc~terJ_ U. H ...... •...... 1,200 ...do .... . Auditor War Department. ··--······ Price, \V. K ...... l,()Cl() ... do .... . Auditor State Department. Rowen,J.D ...... l,SOO ... do .... . Auditor War Department. Aln. DAK.ER'S STA'IElJ&'l'T OF PERSONNEL A.XD PROCEDUirlil OF TUE AC• Somerville, J. A ...... 1,200 ... do .... . Boolrkeepin~ and' ·arrants. Ross,J. \V ...... 1,200 May 7 Auditor War Department. COUNTI."G DIVISIO;q ABUUl' FEDROAHY 1, 1914. Garth K. C' ...... 1,400 May 11 Auditor Interior Department. The Accounting Division is composed '()f the following sections: War­ Stanford, W. J ...... 1,000 ... do ..... Do. rants, bookkeeping, examining, proving, sot·ting, and stating. Rudy,J. T ...... 1,400 May 18 Auditor War Dep rtment. The wana~t sE:ctlon recl'ives anll re~isters all Treasury accountable MacLennan, C•••••••••••.•• 1,f00 May 20 Do. and settlement wanants and clears the l'egistt>I'S when thl:' wan·ants Adkins, M. T ...... 1,800 May 23 Auditor Post Office Department. are return(ld paid. There are seven clerks employed in this section, Branson...~, W. S ...... £00 June 1 Auditor State Department. including the clerk in charge antl a messenger. Meens, .tl. V ...... ~80 ••• do ..... Bureau En~p"aving nrul Printing. The bookk~ping sPction keeps tbt> accounts with the suhtreasuries, Relyea, Grace ...... 1,200 ..• do ... .. Auditor War Department. mints, and as ay offices, depm;itary banks. and diKhursing offices: keeps tbe t·egisters of rl'ceipt wmTauts and journal of covl'red and uncovered Total (28) •• •••••••••.. 36,0SO molleys; and prl-'pares the daily cash statl'ment. There are 43 em· p:oyees m this section. including the cl(lrk in chargP and one mPssenger; a1 of these are engaged In kt>eping books, 3 in prt>p:tring the dally cash Clerks separated from the service. statement. and 7 '()D miscellaneous work, such ns correspondence, type­ writing, filing. l'tc, Name. Salary. Date. Cause of separation. The examining section receives nnd examtnes tbe schedules and paid warrants and cht>cks sent in by subtreasuriPs and d~>positary banks ; kt>eps the registl'rs .of symbol numbt-rs assignt>d to disbursing officers; handles powers of attornPys and authorities to indm·se: and bas chat•ge 1914. of the k<'Y punching, tabulating, and sorting nacblnPs. This S('Ction Maddent...C. E...... 11,200 Feb. 14 Death. \ has 4 7 clerks; 14 of th(lse are eng1.ged In handling correspondence, 13onsal, «.. M.. • . • . . • ...... l, 200 May 15 Do. incoming and outgoing maH, and filing schedules; 2.:. In Px.amining Total (2). • .. .. • • • • • • .. 2, 400 schc>dules, warrants. and cht>rks rPcPived, and 12 In operating key and gang punching, tabuJatjng. and sortin_J;" machines. . The proving S(ldioo bas 24 clPrks. a of whom are en~aged In sorting Clerks detailed to other otnces. and canceling checks, and 16 on adding machines verifying the sched ules. There are 26 clt'rks In the sorting section Including the clerk in Name. Salary. Date. omce. charge and a mPsSPngf'r; 3 of thP!':e are empi.OyPd1 in handling corre­ spondence in connrctlon with rPquests for -stoppages of paymPnt, and 21 ar<' engaged in sorting checks and arranging them in numerical 1914. seqnPnce. Faunt Lo Roy, Mrs ...... f800 May 21 An statin~ section prepares monthly t:tatP-mPnts of accounts for Green, T. H ...... 1,frs anrl auditors anrl adjusting difl'Prencesd. Solan, I atherine ...... 900 ...do ..... Do. There are 4 typewl'itei·s nnd 21 adding-machine operators engage Bowe, John T ...... 1,000 Shipping room. in making up the , ta tc.>mPnts. The gPneral proCf'dUrl' Is as follows: Total (6) • • • • • • • • • • • .. • 6, 500 The scb(>dules nre recf'tved from the snbtl'f'astJl'if's ant1 banks by the (>Xamlnlng Sf'Ction: the mnll Is (lpenPd. anfl thP sch~>ilulPs listed Clerll:s unemployed, awaitino assignment to Qtller work. for use In tbf' preoaration Hf thP daily cash stntf'mPnt. The schPdules Salary. and cbPcks n.re tbPn distributed among the E>xamin<'rs. who makp an inspPrtion of th(> srhPdniPs to se(> that tbPy ar·(> oropf'rly prPoarPCl. and Annie 1L Cock~------$1.400 examinP tbt> checks to SPe thnt they are grouprd by dishnrsin~ officPrs who drew thPm are slgnPd. and art- lnflorsed by the hank that cashed tbPm. A spectai examination is made of in schl.'dules are pass(ld on to th<' key pnncbers. Aftc.>r the clwrks hnvp ht>Pn u. ~emhl(ld by disburs!rur officet·s they are sPnt to th£> sorting sPction to hP arran'!ed Totru <11>------11,600 in numerleal St'OilPDCP by issninll' offices. Tbe key puncht>rs pnnch a fl:rchan_qecl witlt other offices. card for each diRhmslng offict>r whosp namP !lDPPilrs on the scheduws and a card for thP total amount of the paymPnts rPport<'d on earh From- To- schf'dule. ThP cards are then gan~ punchP of vpr·if:vin~ the cor·ds with the ' schPdUI(ls, after whlrh the car·ds are Ror·tf'd by disbursing officers and the Kame. ~alary. Name. Salary. <.ot11l amount of each oflkpr's cards obtainPd. TbPse tota Is art' then enterc.>d on journal vonchPrs whi<'h are sent to the bookkeepers for posting in the individnnl di~hursing officer's accounts. The cards which represent the amounts paid hy the several Bonner, Lillian A ...... !1,100 Jawe1>on, Helen W ...•.....•... 1900 banks are sent to the bookkeeper who keeps the accounts with the Buchanan, J. W ...... 1,300 Goodrich, Eva C...... •.... 700 depositru·ies. Cbish{)llll~ J. L. D ...... 900 Kra~, B. A ...... 700 At thP en-d of eneb month the perRonfll booklH>epPr makf's up memo­ Dorsey t .trunk J ...... 1,400 Warren, Leon ...... 700 Reily, 11artin J ...... randum statemrnts, which are sf'nt to thP statio~ sPctlon. whf're state­ 1, 400 Jennings, H. R ...... 1,200 ments of accounts are Pl'(lpared in tl'ipltcatP. ODP copy of which Is sent Tompkins, H.\\ ...... 1,200 Parker, Grace B ...... 900 to tbP disburslng officer. one copy to the auditor, and one eopy retained. 'Iota! (6) ...... ~ .... . i,300 'I otal (6) ••••••••••••••••• 5,100 Eaving ...... All sobtrPasuries render daily transcript!!, whilE' dE'posltary banks 2,200 r(lnder transct•ipts four times each month. On rec('ipt of thPse h·an scripts they are examined. after which they arl? passed to the book 1 Detailro to the office of the Auditor for tlle Interior Department. keepers, who keep the accounts with the .subtreasuries and depositary June 18, 1914. banks. 11980 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

1\Ir. SISSOX. ~Ir. Chairman-- going to make the administration's reply. I trust what the l\1r. GOOD. 1\Ir. Chairman-- gentleman has said is the administration's reply and that this Mr. GILLEY.rT. Let the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon] matter may now be cleared up. ha1e fi1e minutes. Mr. GLASS. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. GOOD. We are entitled to time on this side, and I will 1\Ir. GOOD. Not now. I will yield to the gentleman later. yield it then. Now, in regard to Herbert Brown, I do not know what opin- .Mr. SIS SO ... -. l\lr. Chairman, I will resen-e the balance of ion he entertains of me. I do know what I think of him. I da my tJrne, but I want to ask the gentleman not to trespass too know that I hold Herbert Brown in the highest esteem and re­ mnch upon it. I ha1e agreed to yield to a gentleman on this gard, as I do also Herbert Wood. They haYe shown their ability side some time in my own time, and I want to make some re- and true worth. Now, let us see just what took place in the marks on my own account. office of the Treasurer. When the Committee on Appropriations The CHAIR:UA..X The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon] was considE-ring the legislative, executive, and judicial appro- is recognized for five minutes. priation bill we found that Mr. Burke, the Treasurer of the 1\Ir. GOOD. Mr. Chairman, I ask for recognition in my own United States, had had detailed to his office, in addition to his right. regular force, 56 men, and that they were running behind day Gentlemen of the committee, I think if Members will read the after day. They could not secure a balance of a single account hearings as to what took place before the Committee on Appro- in that great accounting department of the Government. priations and also tl1e CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD as to the action of l\1r. GLASS. If the gentleman will permit an interruption the House in the consideration of the legislatiYe, executive, and there, does not the gentleman know-- judicial nppropriation bill, they will find that the gentleman . The CHAIRl\lA.X Does the gentleman from Iowa. yield to the from Virginia [Mr. GLAss], who has just addressed the com- gentleman from Virginia? mittee, is greatly in error. I stated openly and frankly when 1\Ir. GOOD. I yield for a question. the legislative bill was before the House that under Executive Mr. GLASS. I do not want to ask a question. I want to Order No. 3 operations u-ere commenced by a Republicnn Secre- make a statement. tary of the Treasury; that after machines were installed, after 1\lr. GOOD. I can not yield for that. _ certain work previously performed by the subtreasuries had Mr. GLASS. I will put it in the shape of an interrogatory. been brought to Washington, it was found in a few weeks that Does not the gentleman know that the extra force was detailed the Treasury was running behind. I do not know whether the by the preceding Secretary under an act of this House, in­ employees in the office of the Tre..'1surer of the United States corporated in an appropriation bill, aut!lorizing the Secretary under the present Secretary are Republicans or not, and I do of the Treasury to detail a force at the subtreasmies to come not care. I do know tbat the officials in chHge of that great de- here and work out this new system? partment nre responsible for the work of that department; and Mr. GOOD. No. I know that that is not the case. A few to show that I haYe told the House what is absolutely true so extra clerks may have been so detached. far as any statements coming to me are concerned, I ask, Mr. Now, if the gentleman will possess his so~1l in patience for a Chairman, to extend my remarks in the RECORD by printing the moment, I will make some explanation of this matter that I report from which I have JJreviously quoted and to which the think will throw some light upon it. gentleman has taken exception. When the Committee on Appropriations were considering an The CHAIR~JAN. The gentleman from Iowa asks unan- increase in the force in the Treasurer's department I called the imous consent to include in his remarks the report to which he attention of the committee to the fact that they were getting has referred. Is there objection? behind with the work in the Treasurer's office every day. We There was no objection. had extended hearings on this matter, and some publicity was 1\fr. GLASS. Assuming the gentleman made as full a state- gi-ren the subject. T~e result was that l\lr. Herbert Brown ment of facts in his pre•ious address to the House as he makes and Herbert Wood from the Civil Service Commission were now-which I insist is an assumption that does not accord detailed to go to the Treasurer's office and show the Treasurer with my recollection of his remarks or my rending them the how to run the business of that office. next day in the RECORD-did not the gentleman make it appear Mr. GLASS rose. that a Democratic administration was responsible for this con- l\lr. GOOD. I will not yield to the gentleman now; not fusion and delay, and did he not explicitly assert that it was a until I make my statement. The gentleman ou~ht not to ask Democratic administration that put these counting machines me to yield in the midst of a sentence. in and had them thrown out on the recommendation of these l\lr. GLASS. I yielded to the gentleman, and I tried to do it experts? with good grace. Mr. GOOD. I say now-- l\lr. GOOD. Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood went to the .Mr. GLASS. 1\~ow, the gentleman can answer that. Treasurer's office, and they are there to-day. That office has Mr. GOOD. Now, the gentleman will not take me off of the been practically in the hands of receivers for six months, and floor when I am addressing the House in my own time. the receivers are making a good showing_ They have been 1\lr. GLA.SS. No; I will not. there for almost six months, running the Treasurer's office. Mr. GOOD. I ha1e been kind enough to yield to him. They hale diseharged since they went there those 56 detailed l\1r. GLASS. I can not take the gentleman off the floor. clerks. They sent 10 men to a reading room-the gentleman 1\Ir. GOOD. I will say to the gentleman now, and I will re- from "Virginia did not tell it-but the facts are that thev sent peat it as many times as the gentleman wants me to do so, that 10 men to a reading room, where the Government furnishes the present administration is responsible for the great delay the e high-class and high-paid clerks with magazines nnd news­ and for the confusion that bas existed in that department for papers, and they have said to those men, "You must stay out more than n year. of the Treasurer's office. We ha•e· no need of your sen-ices. 1\lr. GLASS. The gentleman has not answered my question A.t any rate, you must keep out of our division." yet. Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood have been criti.cizell by 1\fr. GOOD. I do not yield to the gentleman. I will say to some of tbe officials under the Treasurer, and especially by the the gentleman that as to whether or not the machines were chief clerk of that department, because they have sent men thrown out or brought in by a Republican administration I do to the reading room. They ha1e said to Herbert Brown and not know. I do not attach any importance to that incident. I Herbert Wood that it would create a public scandal if it were do know that they are not now being used, and yet the last known that there were 10 men, high-paid clerks, in the Treas­ estimate for this department carried additional sums for the urer's office who are not.needed and who have been sent to l\ purchase of more of these machines. reading room to read magazines when it required the e men .Mr. GLASS. Will the gentleman yield? and about 40 additional detailed clerks to run the office as run 1\Ir. GOOD. I can not yield now. I will yield after I have by Treasurer Burke. .Mr. Herbert Brown and 1\Ir. Herbert answered the gentleman. I do not know, of course, what is in Wood told them that it would not make any difference how 1\lr. Herbert Brown's report, to which the gentleman has re- much of a scandal it would create, they proposed to demonstrate felTed. nnd which he inserts in the RECORD, but I lmow this, that how cheaply and how efficiently that office could be run, and four or .fi1e days after I made some remarks on this subject, under th~1r . management-an intelligent management, if you about two weeks ago, a. gentleman employed in the Treasury please-they are bringing the accounts down to

DISBCRSI:XG CLDK,· PE:XSIO)l OFFICE. effected by the system established by Herbert Brown and Her· This i the large_st, account both in checks issued and in money totals on the Treasurer's books. This account has never been balanced since .bert Wood. Without the aid of these gentlemen the 'l'reasure1· the account was taken over February 1 last, except for the last few would still be plodding along in his old way. days in July, when Mr. 'l'aylor assumed the office of disbursing clerk. Mr. BARKLEY. In view of. the fact that this department has After struggling with the February account for some months, it was sent to the auditor unbalanced a few weeks ago. So far as we can been for 16 years in charge of the Republicans, how did it hap­ learn, no such thing was ever beard of before. pen that an efficiency system was needed at this late hour? Disbursing Clerk Zappone, Department of Agriculture: Last state­ Mr. GOOD: If the gentleman had been listening to the dis­ ment rende1·ed was for the month of March. Disbursing Clerk Johannes, Department of Commerce: Last statement cussion of this subject, I do· riot believe he would have asked rendered the month of April was received August 21. that question. Executive Order No.5, promulgated by Mr. Mac­ Disbursing Clerk Jacobs, 'l'reasury Department: Last statement ren­ Veagh early in February,-1913, which provided for bringing into dered the month of April was sent August 20. Diabursing officer for Washington Navy Yard accounts: Last state- the United States Treasury certain work previously done by ment received was for the month of March. . . the subtreasuries. It did .unquestionably throw additional Disbursing Clerk Wilson, District of Columbia: Statement for the work upon the department, but the order provided for the trans­ month of May was received September 4. fer of sufficient clerks to do the extra work. Now, we take up the account of the redemption fund of na­ Mr. BARKLEY. What did that have to do with the question tional banks ·and we find from this report, as I stated some of efficiency? days ago, that the nearest they ever even came to striking a Mr. GOOD. The efficiency of the department was not ques­ balance after they had been in office for seven months was a tioned under Republican rule. The department was efficient discrepan,cy of over $5,500,000. under MacVeagh. As stated here in the report, the account­ That is in this statement. I do not know anything about it, ing that your Secretary of the Treasury ordered paid for says except as stated by this report and Government officials. But nothing like this was ever heard of under Republican rule or when I have spoken upon this subject I have given the source any previous ru1e. It all goes to show that the present Secre­ of my information, and I want to say to the gentleman from tary of tile Treasury and the Treasurer himself we;.·e not com­ Virginia that when -he reads from the hearings before the pet~~t to cope with the great questions confronting them in the Committee on Appropriations, as he has, he should remember administration of those offices. that when .Mr. Burke came before the committee and questions Mr. BARKLEY. Did not the gentleman state a few moment~ were asked him, .Mr. Faker usually made the answer. He ap­ ago that ~rown and Wood wete brought there for the purpose · parently realized that he knew but little about the business o{ of establishing an efficiency system? that great office. Mr. GOOD. Yes; after a Democratic administration had ~Ir. GLASS. The gentleman said that when the United States been in power for almost a year. Treasurer, .Mr. Burke, was before his committee and questions Mr. BARKLEY. How long'! were asked him, the answer was given by l\Ir. Baker, the Re"­ Mr. GOOD. For pretty near a year. publican head of the bureau? Mr. BARKLEY. This confusion had been going on as the Mr. GOOD. Yes; but wait a moment. result of this change made in February, had it not? Mr. GLASS. I notice from the record here that when ques­ Mr. GOOD. No; not as the result of that, because Herbert tions were asked, Mr. Burke responded for himself. He said: Brown and Herbert Wood have demonstrated that that could This is not our system. We did not put it in. We found It there. be cleared up in a very short time with a little intelligence and It is a condition. It was practically recommended by Congress when they gave the Secretary of the Treasury the power to transfer from the a little system in the office. It should not have taken much subtreasuries a sufficient number of clerks to do this work. understanding of bookkeeping to have rejected the unworkable There is the answer. system installed by Baker, but it was too mt;ch for Treasurer Mr. GOOD. Will the gentleman state what page he is reading ' Burke. It remained for Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood to from? make the change. The trouble was that your officials did not Mr. GLASS. I am reading from page 950. know how to run the office, and when Burke first appeared before Mr. GOOD. The fact is, the hearings will show that we com­ the committee he still claimed that Baker's plan was all right; menced with that office at about pa'ge 50 or 75, or something and I ask the Members to read this report, which I will put in like that, and the examination continued for a couple of months. the· RECORD. It will demonstrate that what I have said to you The hearings continued for a couple of months, and the gen­ on this subject is abundantly borne out by the facts that were tleman has read from what was testified to by Mr. Burke after in. the possession of Mr. McAdoo. I ha.ve tried not to misrepre­ he had been drilled several times with regard to this subject. sent a single fact in this case, and I defy gentlemen on the floor after Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood had established an of this House or elsewhere to point to a single instance where efficiency f!ystem in the Treasury Department, and it really I have misrepresented a fact in regard to the administration began to dawn upon him something of the magnitude of the of this office. If Members will read this report that will ap­ work that one in charge of that great dep.artment must perform. pear in the RECORD, thet will find justification of every state­ Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood had demonstrated what a ment I have made. Investigate that department, and you will competent head of this department could do. find that the whole question arose because your officials were Mr. GLASS. But it was testified to-- not capable of taking hold of these great problems and settling Mr. GOOD. If the gent1eman wants to ask a question, I will them in the right way. You admit it all when you admit that yield to him. the civil service had to send men to show you how to run that Mr. GLASS. Was it not testified to some time before the office. gentleman made his speech here on the floor? · Mr. ANSBERRY. Will the gentleman yield? .Mr. GOOD. Certainly. I do not say now that 1\Ir. Burke did Mr. GOOD. In just a moment. The Secretary of the Treas­ not answer a single '. question. Mr. Burke answered a great ury the other day made a statement that went out through the· many questions; but when we delved into the intriCate prob­ country, when he was answering the criticism because $80,000,000 lems of his office he seemed dazed and knew nothing about of American gold had been sent abroad. By the way, the bill them, nothing more than the Secretary of the ·Treasury did that we are considering carries an item, I forget how much it when he came dow-n and testified before the committee. is; but I am told that the shipment of this gold has cost the Mr. GLASS. But did not the Unit~d States Treasurer put Government about $35,000. The Secretary of the Treasury said, the gentleman from Iowa in possession of the fact that the "Oh, the $80,000,000 of gold that we sent abroad does not system und-er which this confusion and delay were created was amount to anything. We have an unlimited supply of gold.~' a system inaugurated by his Rep11;blican predecessor, and did If he made this statement, and I have not seen the report the gentleman state that fact to this House? denied by the Treasurer, he does not know what the facts in :Ur: GOOD. No; the gentleman did not put me in possession the case are, or else he is trying to mislead the American people. of that information. I knew it before I knew the present The facts are that we have a very limited supply of free gold, Treasurer of the United States. · and anyone who will read the Treasury _statement can not fail Mr. GLASS. Did you state it to the House? to be convinced of that fact. Now I yield to the gentleman from Mr. GOOD. I knew about Executh·e Order No. 5, and when Ohio for a question. it was issued, and I stated it to the House. You will find that Mr. ANSBERRY. The gentleman is criticizing the Treastu·er I criticized the order at the hearings. My criticism of the of the U~ted States and the Secretary of the Treasury. I will Treasurer is that he was incompetent to cope with the situation. ask him if he recalls an instance in which a Secretary of the He ilid not know how to bring his. work current. It was left Treasury from his State of Iowa was involved in a transaction for Herbert Brown and Herbert Wood to show the Treasurer with the National City Bank of New York, in which-- how to conduct that office. Neither the Treasurer nor the Sec­ .Mr. GOOD. I do not y1eld for such a question. retary of the Treasury can claim any credit for the savings Mr. ANSBERRY. Let me finish the question.

LI-755 ll982 CONG-RESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

Mr. GOOD. 1\Ir. Chntrmun, I clo not yield. In fact. the detailed accounts have at no time been in such share that a total of the baranc.es could be taken off. This statement of ,,m-s ls Mr. ANSBEllRY. .But you did yield for half of it.- best illustrated by the following exQ.mples taken from one of the~ Mr. GOOD. I yielded fot• a question. on the subject under led.,n-ers a few days agO': consideration. I will not yield to discuss something foreign to A-ccount 17045. Redemption n~ent United States Treasurer, na!ionnl· t:Ws qu e5tion~ hank r :>acmption agency-. 1\Ir. ANSBERRY. This is pertinent to th:l.t t}ues&n. From February 1 to August 30 the total credits to· this account on the ledger were $409,160,569.94 and tbe total debits were $386,092,· Mr. GOOD. I decline to yield. 636.0H~ No halanee lmve been entered in tbis accoont since it WaB The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman. decii.Des to yield. started. 'fhe dHrerence between the two sides is a eredit of :.!a,oz:~,- 1\!T. ANSBETIRY. Do. you kno.w: what 1 ::un talking. about'! 933.85, while. the. bala.nce to tbe credit of this account on that day, &ccording to the "cash-room" tatement was $2.8,017,899.12, a, differ· Mr. GOOD. .Co; and I do. not care to know. ence of nve.r five and one·half mlllion.s or1 dollars. Mr. ANSBERRY. I thought so. _ Account 17042. Redemption a.nd exchange account. Mr. GOOD. The repez:t to which I have refer.red is as.fo.Ilows-: The balance to the credit o! this account according to the ledger on A: REPORT TO THD SECllE"l'ARY OF THIT TREAStmY, W"ASHIXG:l'ON, D. C., CON~ August 30 was $-1,2:-IG-,288.09. 'l'he balance according to the " cash CERNI~G THE COXDITION OF A.CCOUXTLNO AND BOO.KKDEPI~O. IN THE room " on the same d~y wag S1,863,01H.25, a dllferen~e of $606,806.::!6. OFFICE OF TlllJ TREASURER OF THE UXITED SUTRS. AT TH1l BEG~NII'\G Account 17041. Treasury warrants. OF BGSINESS 0.' SEP:I'E11BER 2, 1913-, SUB:\fiTTED SEPTEMBER· 15, 1913. From F£bruary 1 to Aul!ust 36 t5,014,33G.8G wa.s charged to this To the honot·able the SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. a.ecount One credit for tbe in!rlgnificant sum of $15 appears against this beavy debit. In other words, on Its face thee !lccount shows an DEAR Sm: Under your instructions t'he undersigned, witb hfs as­ overdraft of $15,014.321.68. while as a mattel· of fact It should show sistants, has been engaged, from time- to time since Mareh 31, 1913, ln a credit balance of $3,733,805.31, according to the daily cash statement making examinations, investigations, and reports in relation to val"ious of Aut:;nst 30. divi ions and sections of tbe Treasury Department. These reports, some­ So much eonfnsion has existed in these accounts that overdrafts have time verbal, but usua!Ty f'ormal and typewritten, llave related · mainly of to the Office of the TJ·easure.t· o.t the T:Jniteu States and its various sub­ frequently appeared, necessitati.ng a rPexaminatlon of all the original divisions. These formal typewritten reports were dated as follows: items making up the debits and credits and revealing the fact tbnt the May 15. June 2. June 11, and July 31. In addition, the reports upon bookkeepers had been furnished with erroneous data for postjng. Coun­ the "Daily statement" and the .. .Monthly statement .. of the· Treasury ter entries innumerable have been tbe result, some o! them for very were submitted in printed form, as the results of investigationS' Into the ln.r~e am01.:nts. sources of information and the methods of bookkeeping wherefrom the Due to the uncertainty of the coM'ectness of the balances as shown by- the books. tho office hns1 heen unable to stnte authoritatively, in re­ figures in these statements were derived. 'J'Iie printed forms were- ac­ but cepted and adopted by you on June 3.0, 1913, and have been published sponse to inquiries, the balance to officers' cred1t, of late has bePn regularly from July 1 to the present date. replying to such inquiries by sayin~ that the "amount to the officer's Without repeating what has been already laid before you in our c~~dit would warrant payment of hi check for ---." with no cer­ tainty that this balance mi~bt not be wiped out the next dny throu...-h previous reports, I wish to "resent herein the- results of our later the clearance of checks which had already been in the Treas'ury for a mYe. tigations in the Treasurer's Office, particularly in relation to the week or loDger. condition of the accounting and bookkeeping- at present, namely, at the Since July 1 an· approximate control bas been establlsbed over the beginning of business September 2, 1913-September L having been a m"ne ledgers, but tbis control bas covered only the debits and credits holiday. for the month. and has not extended to balances brought forward. The conditions which we now exhibit nre: serious--, and we bespeak: your These accounts, which are in all rrspects similar to the accounts of bnmediatc consideration of them. depositors in a bank, should be handled with thl' same efficiency and THE OFFTC!l OF THE TREASURER OF THE UKITED ST..\TES. promptness and be as effPctively- Controlled and proved as those Of any In the multitude and magnitude of its. trnns.'lctions. the office of the financial institution. Until this ia dtme there can be no as urance of Treasurer of the "Gn1ted States is probably the greatest financial office their correctness at any time. in the world. THE NATTO~AL BASK ACCOUNTS. During tbe year ended June 30. 1012, the total. of the entries passing Prior to June 1, 1913 the Trca'Sure1' bad accounts in about 500 throue-h it& books approximated $6.000,000.000. It maintains accounts active depositary banks, but since that date the number has greatly in LGOO national banks. It f-urnishes the funds and keeps the ac­ incrt>ased. until tfiere. are now abont 1,009 n.cti>e accounts on the counts of nearly 3,000 Government disbursing officPrs. It acts as· agent Treasurer's books, to say nothing of half as many more " inactive " for '7.500 banks In the redemption of tl1eil' bank-note circulation, a:nd it accounts. handles for ttre Post Office Department the. deposits of surplus money­ All of tbese " active " banks are receivi'?§ money for the Govern· order funds from 50.000 postmasters. It receives every business day ment's- aeeount, paying checks issued by omcers of tbe f'n>v(>rnment, frum twenty-five to forty thousand cllecks, antl it must Keep the con­ and transferring moneys in excess of thrir authorized holdings either tinually changing reco•·ds- of nearly two billions of paper- currency se­ to Treasury offices or t'O- otbm: national banks. Because of the mngni· cured by gold and silver in its vaults. fu the /erlormanc.e of these tude and multitude of tb(> transactions- of the.e a~en1s of the Govern­ and other highly rpsponsible duties the services o over 640 people are ment, and because tbe fidelity of the custodian~hip should be speedily required in the Wnshlngton office alone. . determined, there is necessity for prompt vetiftcation of cnry charge It is apparent that properly t{) record the great amount of bnsiness against its account. which passes tbroug'h tbtl Treasurer's office, with its extraordinary maze This, we regret to say, it dbes· not do, and onder present conditions of entries, transfers. issues, redemptions, exchanges, etc., not only is it can not do. At the date of' tbis writing (Sept. 2) the bank unusual skill required from the bookkeepers and accountants. but the ac-counts have oeen fulJy ver1fied only to June 14. while the a('count svstem of accounting employed should be- so complete and effective tn fur the period ending June 21 is now being handled. This is to say. all its pa1·ts that it wll1 thoroughly control the millio.ns of items pa S· that over two months' banking business remains unbalanced and ing- through the books each year and at evecy moment properly safe­ unverified. guard the vast sums for which the Treasurer is responsibre under the Aside from tbe lack of accurnte knowled~te- rcgardin::; the condition law. and corrt>etness of these accounts opportunities ~xist for gross irre~u.. THE CB'ANGE Uf METHODS ON FE.DllUA.RY t, 191.3. larities. the perpetration of which would sPriously reflect upon the ad­ When the- new method ot paying Government creditors was inaugu­ ministration of the office. It wou}(l be possible, under the condlflons in rated, February 1 last, which carried witl1 it the transfer· to Washing­ which tbe accounts now nre. for an officer 01~ employee of an active de­ ton of the accounts of nearly- an the di bur ing officers of the Govern­ pository bank to report to the Treasurer that said bank had transfened ment, the office was soon overwhelmed by the volume. of business which to some other bank $50.000 or more as •• excess deposits " ; to cbar~e fell upon it. and fot• the- handling- of which it bad not had sufficient this amount to the Treasurers g(lnera.l account : to put the money in time for preparation. llis pocket; and: t0 depart fo parts unknown without this action being Extraordinary efforts were made to recowr from tile disorder into discoverc.>d by the Treasurer's office within two months-long enough which tbe accounts were thrown by reason of this change of method. fmt for the absconder to reach the uttermost parts of the ent·th. the work of the Elffice Is still. at the end. of seven. months. in su.ch a Anothe-r illustration may serve to emphaSize our statement If an condition as seriously to retard the wort;: of tbe auditing officers of the active depository bauk should ::wtify its corrpspondent In New York to Government. to impair the efficiency of the force handling tbt! accounts. deposit with the assistant treasurer in New York $50,000 for its credit to make evident the in ability of the· office. to furnish properly the in­ as a transfer of exeP s deposits and at the same time advisP the 'J'rt>us-· formation desired by Government debtors and creditors, and even to ury of such notification. and the correspondent should fall to make jeopardize the safety of thE' public fonds. such deposit, it would not be discovered b.v the Accountin_g IHvision With the wo1·k on national-ban~ accounts two and one-batt months tor over two months. In the ID('UDiime, if the correspondent bunk llehludbnndt with a week or mm·e. accumulation of: uncleared cheeks con­ should foil, tbe Treasurer might have serfolls difficulty In holdlo~ the stantly on nand, with d.ishnrsin.!!" ofifcers' accounts unbalanced and un­ original bank for the money. The latt~r would undoubtedly plt>ad that stated for- months, with controlling accounts itniored by reason of the the Trensuren had been guilty of contributot·y negligence, and therefore pressure ot details, ancl with tbe task of' lJl:in,!ting; order out of the could not recover. confu ion which now exists deemed bopele.<;. by the clerks engaged upon We give' these mustrations- to emphasize more forcibly the embar­ tbe wo1·k, it is manifest that the efficiency of tbe statr is seriously rassing- situation in whkh the office would find itself should such. an aft'ected. and that the condition calls for immediate and e1I'ecti've instance actually occur. We have devised a plan for keeping these ac­ :temedie. counts which will wholl:t eliminate these dnn:z:e1·s, for the l'E'nson that A glance at some of the disbursin~ ofiicers' ledgers containing a the lack of verification of a reported transfer· would be immediately multitude of counter entries and of unbalanced pages as- welJ as- rtreir discovered. generally scratched appearance----a condition for W-hich the bookkeepers THE PRBSE~ METHOD Oli' EJX.BIIXI~G A~D CLFJA.ntNG CHEeRS. are not primarily re ponslble--i's sufllclent to eause. one to appreciate There is received by the Treasurer's o11:1ce each day from 25,000 ·to the disheartening effect on men who ha..ye heretofoi:e been accustomed to 40,000 warrants a.nd checks of various kinds which have been paid by take pride in their work. depository banks and Treasury offices, and for which the paying insti­ In order that the e conditions may be cl~ar to you. in some detail tution must be given credit, and charges made to the respective ac­ we 52. 15 42, 928, 678. 72 58, 285, 330. 87 The condition of the work of the " stating section " is best illus­ 5 ...... 17,944, 501.58 28,747,989.65 4(\, f92, 491. 23 trated by the following examples, the business of these officers being 6 •..•.•.....••.•.••.•.•.•••. 17,428,211.26 31, 2ro, 970. 08 48, f89, 181. 34 among the largest in Washington. ?••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17,8461 628.76 20,998,171.86 38, 844, 800. 62 8 ...•.•••..•....•.•.•.•...•. 18, G03, 129. 88 23,270, 890. 80 41,874,020. 68 DISBURSING CLERK, PE~SIO~ OFFICE. 9 •..•.••••.•..••..•••••••••. 18, 4931 039. 45 26, 82!', 537.71 45,319,577. 16 This . is the largest account, both in checks issued and in money 11...... 181821,224.82 15,3811332. 87 34, ~. 557. 69 totals, on the Treasurer's books. This account has never been balanced 12 ...... 201 002, 9C4. 99 11,744,502.88 32,347,467.87 since the account was taken over February 1 last, except for the last 13 ..••••••••••••••••••••••••• 21, 6(141 021.68 14,611,887.25 36,275,908.93 few days in July, when Mr. Taylor assumed the office of disbursing 14 ...... 23,347,691.76 17,358,158. ()() 4.0, 705, 849. 76 clerk. After struggling with the February account for some months 15 ••...••••••••• : ...... 23, 7891 005. 63 17,567,081.32 411356,086.95 It was sent to the auditor unbalanced a few weeks ago. So far as we 16 ...... 23,865, 890. 85 20, 467' 050. 72 44,3321 9.U. 57 can learn no such thing was ever heard of before. 18 ...... 25, 512, 671. 98 22,970, 772. 49 48,483, 444. 47 DISBURSING CLERK ZAPPO~, DEPARTME~T OF AGRICULTURE. 19 .• . --- ·•·••••· ••••••••••.•• 25, 489, 113. 71 21,2221308. 55 4.6, 711,422.26 20 ...... 25,377,952.13 24, 500, 049. 81 49, 878, 001. 94 Last statement rendered was for the month of March. 21. .••.••••••.••••••••••••••• 26, 433, 291. 45 25,3811206. 72 51,814,498.17 DISBURSING CLERK JOHANNES, DEP.ARTMENT OF COMMERCE. 22 .•••••.••••••.••••••••••••• 25, 243, 700. 58 27,191,522.67 52, 435, 223. 25 23 .•••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 231 742, 094. 96 26,379, 062. 36 50,121,157.32 Last statement, rendered the month of April, was received August 21. 25 ...•••••••••••••••••••••••• 21 I 178, 810. 55 291141,124.68 50, 319,935. 23 DISBURSING CLERK JACOBS, TllEASURY DEPARTME~T . 26 ••..•.••••••••••••••••••••• 19,5641412.90 28,586, 292. 01 48, 1501 71». 91 Last statement. rendered the month of April, was sent August !!0. 27 ••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 19, 188, 205. 29 27,780,819.40 46, 009, 024. 69 28 .•.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 18, 920, 309. 90 22,423,675. 28 41,343, 985. 18 DISBURSING OFFICER FOR WASHINGTON NAVY l'ARD ACCOUXTS. 29 ..••••••••••••••••••••••••• 18, 095, 013. 60 24,256,817.92 421 3511 831, 52 Last statement received was for the month of March. 3J. .••••••••••••••••••••••••• 18,834, 556. 94 25,2411 771. 59 44,076, 328. 53 DISBURSING CLERK WILSON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Statement for the month of May was received September 4. From this statement it will be observed that the highest amount of We are informed that very few of the July accounts have at this checks on hand appears on July 15-$74,130,424.34-and the lowest on writing been stated. A depositor in a bank, no matter how large his August 12-$32,347,467.87. It will also be noted that during this account, who could not secure a statement of his account earlier thnu period of 43 working days, on 4 only was the amount of uncleared from one to four months after the close of a period would change his checks below forty millions, and on 24 days It was in excess of fifty bank immediately. While Government disbursing officers can not change millions. their banker, they can not be prevented from indulging in adverse Considerable criticism has been made regarding the use of the Hol­ criticism regarding the administration of the Treasurer's office. Herein lerith system for furnishing to the bookkeepers the necessary data for lies considerable danger. It is impossible to terminate these com­ making the charges and credits to the proper accounts, the principal plaints, of which there have been, we are informed, many hundreds complaint being that frequent errors at·e made in punching the cards, sent to the Treasurer's office in writing, so long as there is good resulting in innumerable counter entries, and that postin~s can not be ground for them. If the causes are not soon removed, there is proba­ made from the holes in the cards as rapidly as from orainary figures. bility that the matter will reach the ears of Congress, and an investi­ It is true that a great number of counter entries have been put through gation may be ordered. Therefore, if the possibility of such a thing the books on account of errors in punching and other mistakes, and lt is to be averted, It is important that the work in this section be brought ls also admitted by those in sympathy with the system that more time up to date immediately. We are informed that under the system which Is required to post from the punched cards than from ordinary figures. prevailed prior to last February the New York and Washington offices. It is also true that the skill of the operators and bookkeepers in post­ which carried at least eight-tenths of the business. regularly furnished ing to the ledgers from a group of holes rather than from actual figures complete statements in the majority of cases by the middle of the ought in course of time to increase and thereby reduce the grounds for month following the period reported. such complaints to a minimum. Very respectfully, HARVEY S. CHASE, These criticisms, however, do not constitute the more serious objec­ Certified PubZio Accountant. tion to the use of this device for clearing the checks. The work of the sections which handle these checks is similar to the work in a bank, .Mr. A.l~SBERRY . Mr. Chairman-- and the checks should be handled with the same dispatch as in a large Mr. SISSON. I yield 5 minutes of my time to the gentleman bank. No bank could continue in business were it to hold checks for from Virginia [Mr. GLASS]. a week before charging them to the customers' accounts. It is admit­ ted by those ln charge of the checks that under the present system it l\Ir. GLASS. .Mr. Chairman, the facts involved in this con­ wUI not be possible to clear the chPcks the same day they are rec<'ived. trover~y are very simple, and there can be no confutation of for the reason that two or three days' checks must be available con­ the definite assertion made by me that the gentleman from Iowa stantly in order to keep the entire force busy all the time. As a mat­ ter of fact, however, we find that the office, with its increased force, has [l\Ir. Goon] deliberately misrepresented them from beginning to not yet been able to get even within five or six days of current clear­ end. He can not put into the REcoRD any report that will ing. A further objection to the present method lies in the fact that in justify any of the misstatements with which I have charged order to insure accuracy in punching the symbol number on the card, him. much time must be expended In listing and footing the symbol numbers The facts are, briefly, these : Treasury Orde1· No. 5, issued by on adding maehines. It is safe to say that the aggregate amount of labor spent on this process alone would occupy all the time of two or a Republican Secretary of the Treasury in the last days of Mr. three clerks. This would be wholly saved by the system we propose. Taft's incumbency, revolutionized the accounting system of the The inability of the office under the present system to handle and Treasury Department and the method of transacting current clear the checks currently also causes serious losses of time elsewhere business. The system was devisf>d by a Republican admiQistra­ in the Treasurer's Office and otherwise, e. g.,~ the difficulty in ascer­ taining whether a check has been presented ror payment on which a tion and has been administered since by Republican attaches stop notice has been filed; the lack of accurate knowledge reaarding a of the Treasury Department, under a Republican chief of disbursing officer's balance, inquiries regarding which are made almost daily; also the large number of checks outstanding by the books at the bureau. end of a month, although these checks are actually In the office~ wblch Wh<'n Treasurer Burke came in he found this system in­ entails much additional-wholly unnecessary-work upon the disoursing stalled, and I am credibly told that not one single hour of (}{)v. clerks and auditors. Burke's incumbency of the office witnessed such confusion or Other illustrations might be cited concerning the embarrassin~ posi­ tion in which the office has been placed by reason of inability to fur- such delay in the acc~unting system as he found when he took 11984 ·- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

the onth of office. He m:rdo little progress, however, and nfter dum·ial conditions is the Weflkly pay-ron checks of merchants snd ihe had been there only six weeks he pronounced the system ~~u!acturE>rs. and at h! suggestion we have the honor to ask : F1rst. What was tlH• total amount of the pay-roll checks in your utterly inefficient for its purposes. bank for the week ending June 21 1913? .Mr. GOOD rose. •· Second. What was the total amount of the pay-roll checks for the Mr. GLASS. No; I will not be interrupted by the gentleman; cople of the country that will to the CoNGBESSION.a RECORD reporting his speech some days brmg about ~d in:ens1fy a spirit of commerci.nl depression. ago. No more diScreditab1e and dishonorable thin"" could be attempted by men claiming tl) be loyal citizens of the Republic. As you very weil 1\Ir. GOOD. I did not state anything of the kind. kno~ , to spread broadcast over the country any evidence or argument 1\Ir. GLASS. The gentleman stated that, and the notes will tcndmg to show the existence of business depre sion onlv tends to show it. "produce and heighten this depression. That this is yom intention and purpose is revealed in your letter, though not explicitly stated. Mr. GOOD. The notes will not show it. . Very truly, yours, Mr. GLASS. On page 12225 of the REcoBD of June 26, 1914, S.u.r'L M. FOSTER, President. the gentleman from Iowa is thus reported: Mr. SISSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Mr. Goon. Is it not a fact that practically :all the new machinery, New York [Mr. CANTon]. tabulating machinery. that was brought in by the Secretary under the 1\Ir. CANTOR. Mr. ChairmHn, the various items contained new administration was entirely discarded? in this bill represent the activities of the three great branches So the gent1eman fi·om Iowa did state to the Bouse that this of the Government which deal with the makina of the laws inefficient system of accounting with these tabulating machines their interpretation and construction by the Ullited State~ was "brought in under the new administration" and had been courts, and with the exercise of executive Power by the Presi- discarded thereafter. The system nnd the machines were dent. - brought in under a Republican administration, and the whole When we stop to think of the great financial and commercial change was inaugurated under the administration of Mr. Mac­ ~nt~rests affected ~irectly through these great appropriations, Vengh and had been for several months operated under two 1t IS well to cons1der our respon •ibility with respect to the Republican Treasurers by tile Republican chief of the bureau governmental machinery which controls these vast interests. and Republican clerks JJ•hen Gov. Burke took office. The Democratic Party coming into power after an absence of If I bad any criticism to make of this administration, it wbuld 18 years found Itself charged with the respon ibility of carry­ be directed against a hapless civil service that protects ineffi­ ing into effect by legislation the fundamental policies of the cient Republican employees, and thus affords excuse to Repub­ party and to apply the remedies which it has always urged for lican Congressmen to criticize a Democratic adrninistrntion for the correction <>f nbuses in the financial system of the country, Republican neglect or incapacity. Inefficient employees of the and for the relief of the people from trusts and monopolies Treasury ought to be put out and somebody put in, whether which fostered and grew up under the care and protection of Democrats or Republicans, who can properly perform the work. the Republicans. It was expected that in carrying out these [Applause.] policies and in formulating these remedies that necessarily it I do not want. Mr. C.hairman, to l)e misunderstood. I believe would cause a halt in the business of the country until finnne , in an honestly ndministered civil service. In the 14 years I trade, and commerce knew the character of the new tariff law hnve been a Member of this House I have Toted ,every time for and the new currency system which hnd been suggested. It suitable civil-senice regulations and for chil-service appropria­ seemed to be a difficult undertaking to drive out special prhi· tions; but the system should be operated fairl.v. And surely lege and the money control protected by our political oppo­ when a Republican official mnladrninisters a public office it is nents for many years when in control of national affairs ;• nnd totally dishonest for a Republican Congressman to criticize a in the course of legislation made neces.,ary for the e pnrpo es Democratic administration for the deficiency. [Applause.] it was expected that business would wait until definite lines of legislation hnd been renc.hed and finally adopted. It has [1\Ir. SISSON addressed the committee. See Appendix.] ntw.ays been so with business when the tnriff was under re­ 1\Ir. SISSOX. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from vision. Indiana [l\1r. CLINE]. In the course of the recent debates in this House. men on the 1\Ir. CLIXE. lHr. Chairman, under leave to extend my re­ other side have with ghoulish glee cn11ed our attention to eYery marks, I incorpomte the letter and answer to the same below. newspnper notice or clipping which showed a diminution in bu.:;t. I do so to illustrate the "system" employed by tmscrupulous ness and rend letters received from inspired sources. which organizations who want to accomplish under cover of secrecy seemed to justify their statements upon the floor that national what they do not have the courage to do iu the open-to di - bankruptcy was practicnlly threatened and that idleness was an credit the present Democratic administration. r.I.'he utter epidernjc. The-3e statements have been answered over nnd over want of patriotic motiws. tlle anxiety of men who have lived again by Democrats repre enting the ntrious manufacturing on the fnvor of legislation under former administrations, is districts. but they do not seem to have allayed the great thirst fully rebuked by the person to :whom this letter was written. of some of these gentlemen fot• these misrepresentations on the HOW TliD PROTECTlVD TARIFF MAG~ATES ARD GATHERING PUBLIC SENTI- -Rubject. There is no doubt thnt business has halted nnd manu­ 1\lE~T AND HON. S. M. FOSTER'S REllUKD. facturers. in spots, hnve reduced their operating e.xpen.es. but "OONFTDTINTIAL l:s'QUIR'Y. that is not true generally tbmughout the country. as has been THE AMERIC.&.N PROTECTIVE TARIFF LEAGUE, amply demongn·ated by the Pres:f"ent th~ough sources of infor­ New York, Jmw £G, 1914. mation thn.t could not be gainsnid. It is true th:1t this depre - 1\I. FOSTEn, - Mr. S. sion has been largely psychological in tl.lc sense t.hnt th~ great P1·esident Germa~ .Amm"ican National Bank, Fort Wayne, l7td. monopolies. through the newspnpers, have en

- - 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 11985 and th'1 t it was wholly Incompetent to deal with national nffy&tem, which that party was In power. As an illustration of this sort of had entrenched itself almost beyond hove of redemption upon campaigning I call attention to a Jetter receh·ed by Secreta:i.'Y. the tmde and commerce of the country, by the passage of the Hedfield from Edward Lefe\-re, of Fallsburg, N. Y.: banking and currency bill which, althou:rh fought bitterly dnring l.i'ALUi.BURU, N. Y., June !5, 191;. the ntrious stages of legislation by these powerful influences SECRETARY OF COli!IIERCE. lJEA.R Sm; I see by papers yon are saying business of the country to which I haYe just referred, have at :ast admitted its justice. ls good, and I wish to state the manufacturing of paper, which is a As was well stated by Secretary Mc.A.doo, in his inter\iew with luge business tn th!s country, is rotten. · S. S. Fontaine, of the New York World, when he was asked tile There is very much more paper coming In this State than ever be­ fore, and has forced prices down where there 1s not a living in the question: business. When the Federal Reserve Association Is in working order, do you SI'Verat mflls have failed in the tissue bns:iness of late, nnd it Is im­ believe that it wtll prevent panics? possible to ~et orders; can find no one with any confidence in the business ability of the administration. His answer was: Most truly, EDW. Y. LEFEVRE. Assuming wiRe administration, and fhat. I think, fs certain. the To which the Secretary replied: new system ought to prove a successful prHentive of financial panics. JULY 10, 1914. And why should not we assum~ ·• wise administration" of the system? l\Ir. EDWARD Y. LEFEVRE, The able American mind is not yet obsolete and patriotism Is not yet FaU8buro, N. Y. . dPad. ThHe Is abundant material to draw from. not only for m£>mbPrs DEAR Srn: Your letter of the 25th ultimo ts received, Inclosing clip­ of the Fedrral Reserve Board. but also for directors of the FedPral ping from the I•aper Mill of June :.lO, and I note your statement "the reserve banks. We are usually the slowest people on earth to correct manufacturing of paper, whicb ls a large business in this country, is om· own abuses, but when we once begin the job we generally do it rotten~" thoroughly. I find, however, that yonr clipping from the Paper MUJ of the 20th We have been trying without avail for almost half a century to does not include all that issue of that paper had to say on conditions refot·m our banking laws, and t hPn, all of a sudden. we woke up and pnt in the paper trade, for the same copy f1·om which your clipping is taken upon the statut£> books the most far-reaching :Uld beneficial piece o1 also says., under the bead1ng .. Markets o! the week": legislation t:inc£> the national h'lnk act. " Reports ft·om the paper-mill centers state that production Is being I .Jook forward to a wonderful period of financial stability, with Its maintained and In some CHses increased on a better demand from the lnPVltahle romplpment of nndisturbed confidence, and to an era of un­ jobbers and large consumers." equaled prosperity for this country under the new Federal reserve And It also adds: system. " li'ine paper houses report a good detmlnd for light weights. Wrap· The provisions of the law which perm1t our banks to eRtabltsh pin~s are moving stendily and In large1· volumes. Papel' bags are in 1<-rei!!n hra.ncbPs, to!?etber with our nPw tarftl' law. w!ll contribute good request, with p1·ices holding very steady." beyond the expectations of even intelli~ently optim1Rt1c men to the Yours, very truly, expansion of AmPrican trade and commerCE>. A bi"' foreign trade wlll ------, sec~·etary. of ltsPir tend greatly to stabilize our domestic trade., and make extremes Upon the same subjeet that this correspondence treats of are of business llepression at bomP. far lPss possible. Our forpign trade has alwn:vs been t·estrnined by unwi e tariff laws and a lack of Ameriean the following extracts from trade journals dealing wholly with banking facilities. The new laws have removed these obstacles. the business of mnnufacturing pulp wood and paper: WHAT CREATED BUSI:'ffiSS DEPRESSIO!'f. [From the Paper Mill, Saturday. Jnne 20, 1914.] Do :vou believe. there Is any truth in the rumor that there bas be<>n a KA~SAS CITY. Mo.• June n, 191J,. dellh~rate conspnacy on the rnrt nf a cet·taln ~onn of fin'lnClP~. Business bas shown some improvement In Kansas City recently, bust­ politically opposed to the administration, to create business· depression? ness Interests showing more disposition to tUI·n loose their money with AnswPr: No; I would not say that. It would be fairPr to say that Kansas agriculturists engaged in harvesting one of the biggest wheat there bas be£>n a systematic attempt. politically organlzrd. to make the crops In the histo1·y of that Stnte. The pJ•Intlng trade bns tuken heart ~.onp~ry b~liPv~. that t:·erP I!~ a ~><'riou-; business depreqslon. .o\11 tbf' and Is doing nkE>ly. while the encouragement bas extended to the paper dl"VJJ?e right and " vested rl~ht" interestq and most of . the big business. Collections are imp1·ovt>d. and aU lines of pappr are in bt>tter financiers are alllrd with the political opposition to the Democratic delllilnd. l 'rospects for fall are excellent. and Kansas City apparently Part:v,and are helping the calaimty campaign all th£>y can. By .. dlvlne is In line for big business for the next year. rt'!bt Interests I mean those who hecause of tb£>ir wealth, E'docation. MARKETS OF THE WEEK. so~ l al sta_nd1ng, nnd acQo!rt'd or inherited IPadei'sblp of g-rt>at f'nter· • • • • • pn~s belreve that t hey ba ve superior rhrbts and are entitlE.'d to bl' left Reports from tbe paper-mill centers state that production Is being undrsturbed. They resent any "'Ol't of change or governmf' ntal regula­ maintained and In some cases Increased on a better demand from jobbers tion or control You may remember that a certain antbracltt> coal and large consumers. marnate some years ae-o assumpd that attitude when the great coal strike was on. Ry "vestE'd ri!!'bt" lntl'rE'sts I mean thoRf' who bave • • • • • • been long lntrenchPd In "prlvile~e" through favorln~ tariff' laws and Conditions ln the jobbing trade continue as previously noted In these every sort of f.rOVernmental bounty, and who considPr anv lnterfer~>nce rl:'ports. The demand from consumers and final distributo1·s is s.atd to with tbPir " privilegps" an Invasion of sacred riSl' ts. Tben wt> h united In a drlve ag-ainst the arlministrntion. Tbl'y have p1·oducE'd the" p s ycbolo~y" of thl' situation. wblc . ooe1·atin"' upon LOUISVILLE BUSlN'Jo:!':S. a time of the year when business. for perfectly normal reasons. Is LocJsvrLLE, KY., June 16. 191-f. usuallJ: below par, bas oroduced a c£>rtain amount of bysterln In ~hal­ Business with the Louisvtlle paper men ls. continuing good, in spite of low mrnds and a certain amount of fear in timid souls. But on th~> the fact that a Jot of people a1·e talking of hard times and business de­ whole ~lttle .has hf'en accomplished. Every day their gloomy prophecies pression. Kentuckians are beginning to feel as If this sort 0f talk is are bemg dispellpd by facts and the stl:'ady advance of business nro~ nil bugaboo. Cond1tions ln Kentucky and the vicinity are really very. perity. Crops-p1·odl~oos crops-are be!tinnln~ to mnvt> and husl!less good just now. stimulRtion is already reported from nearly every sPction of the coun­ try. We are going to have a splendidly prosperous fall season. [From the Paper Mlll. Saturday, June 27, 1914.] Tbe tariff bUI. hardly a year old. to which the manufacturing BIG PULP-WOOD SEASO::'i LOOKED FOR BY APPLETO!'f Pt;LP WOOD CO.-TD interests of the country are adjusting themselves, with the in­ FIRST RA.FTl:l BY WATER HAVE AP.RIYED, come-tax provisions. has not only prm·en to be a great revenue APPl.ETO!'f, Wts.• June S?Z, 1§1J,. An unusually bfg and sncressful season Is anticipated by the Apple­ t~.:Jiser. bnt in the end will destroy tbe privileges heretofore ton Pulp Wood Co. In tbt> matter of water transportation of pulp wOod. enjoyed from the higll protectil'e tariff and will reduce tbe cost The first of a dozen or more bfg rafts to be towed across Lake l:)upel'iut" of the necessaries of life, besides affording the opportunity ·Jf this season arrived from l'ort Alihur. Cannda, nt Ashlnnd last Thurs. day afternoon. and another rnft of appJ·oximately 6.0uo rm·ds Is ex­ extending and increasing our manufactures. which means addi· pected the latter part of this we!'k or eat·ly next. Tbe raft that reached tlonal employment to tbe American mechanic. The reduction there lnst week contained a little more tbnn 5.000 cords of 8-foot wood. in the tariff has not affected the manufacturers of the United The wood is being shipped by the Russel Timber Co., of Port Arthur, to States. but. as I have already stated. has simply called a halt the Appleton .l'ulp Wood Co. until they can adjust themseh·es to the new rates. [From Paper, June 17, 1914.] It has been stated by Republican l\Iembers of this Honse that I.USSISQOOl MILLS RUYNING STEADILY. the Secretary of Commerce. in thP many addresses he has made SHELDO::'i SPRINGS, VT., Jmte 15. 1n various sections of the country. has been more optimlsti\! Tbe new board mill of the Misslsquoi l'ulp & Pnpe~r Co. at Sheldon than conditions wnrranted, nnd, in fact, made stntements ns ro Springs. Vt.• which bas been building fo1· the past two years, bus started up ln good order and has now been running steadlly fo1· about three tbe condition of business which were not borne out by the factr; weeks. This is said to be one of the best equipped board mills 1n the They have read letters which we on our side have said cam~ country. 11986 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JuLy 11;·

- [From Paper, June 24, 1914.] [From the Trade Journal, June 18, 1914.] BUSIXESS "PSYCHOLOGY" IN 'l'HE NORTHWEST. Ru~FORD, ME., June 16, 1911,. APPLETO~, WIS., Jtmc 22. An expenditure of $150,000 wHI be made this year by the Oxford As has been stated heretofore in this correspondence, the paper busi­ Paper Co. for the purpose of increasing the capacity of tbeh· plant. ness in this district reflects with the general feeling of lassitude that is The largest of the new buildings-the main building, so called-is 8G affecting other indust ries throughout the country. The approach of the by 216, and is constructed to contain two large machines. The beater vacat ion season does not, of course, give promise of improvement. roo~ is 75 by 90 and the small building, 33 by 72. The company has Your correspondent's memory goes back far enough, however, to recall a shipping platform 700 feet in length, which will soon be increased to a good many summers in the past when the paper business was duller 800 feet. The Maine Coated Paper Co., an auxiliary of the Oxford than it is likely to get this summer, tim\!s when some manufacturers Paper Co., the buildin.,.ys of which wet·e completed last fall, is not as were disposed to feel that the bottom of the world bad fallen out and yet running to the fnl capacity of its plant, but orders arc being re­ that the industt·y would never be brought back to where it was before. ceived every day and the amount of work is increasing steadily each But in these cases prosperity always returned after its llttle junketing week. This company, too, has plans for further improvement , which visit elsewhere. A good many manufacturers, aware of these things, will be carried out and completed in the near future. are disposed to look with a ~ood deal of philosophy upon present condi­ tions.· Resting spells like tne present, they assert, wherein little mill PULP-WOOD MILL STARTED. building goes on, gives the country's constantly increasing demand for goods time to catch up with the productive capacity-even usually to AUGUSTA, ME., Jttnc 16, 191~. exceed it-so that some morning the country awakens to the fact that The pulp-wood mill of the S. D. Warren Co., at Kennebec, of which it can not get goods as soon or in the quantity that it wants them. Howard MacFarlane is superintendent, has just been started for the Then there is a "boom,'' which continues until new construction has -season, and sbipments of pulp wood have begun. 'l'he mill is now run brought production up to or beyond the amount that demand calls for. by electricity, the power being furoished by motors installed recently . Of course, in the present instance manufacturers hereabouts are look­ by the Central Maine Power Co., and eYet·ything is working in fine in~ for some stimulation after the middle of the summer and in the shape. The mill will ship about 70 carloads of l)Ulp wood per week, fall, due to the effect of the expected record breaking crops. Just what and the amount of poplar used fot• the season will be about 150 cords. this will amount to or how long It will last remains to be seen. The expectation, however, seems to be justified. R. P. Andrews, of the R. P. Andrews Paper Co., who bas just re­ turned from a two weeks' trip in Michigan, Illinois, and other States. [From the Paper Trade Journal, June 25, 1914.] says that business conditions are quiet. He states that the greatest optimism is evident, howeyer, in the West because of the "bumper" SAVAGE MA~U:FA.CTURING CO. (INC.). crops, and that the paper men are looking forward to one of the SKOWHEGA~, ME., June 24, 1914. biggest autumns· In years. While. at Menasha, Wis., be attended the The Savage Manufacturing Co. has just filed a certificate of organiza­ birthday party of George A. Whiting, of the Geo. A. Whiting Paper tion with the Somerset County register of deeds, for the purpose of Co., which was also attended by many other paper men. Predictions making pulp and paper. The company Is doing a unique business. at the party were made that the autumn would bt·ing much better re­ continuing the industry started by E. L. Savage, of making paper for sults In all lines of business. box linings, etc., from black stockings and newspapers. The stockings are used to give the various textures. It is said that this is the only HOLDI~G UP THEIR RECORDS. firm manufacturing paper from these materials exclusively in the United The Black-Clawson Co., of Hamilton, Ohio, report that while business States. conditions are not what they should be, largely because of political About 26 hands are employed, and the demand is so great that Mr. reasons, they have nevertheless been able to keep well up toward the Savage plans to increase the capacity of the plant. The company is records of other and more favorable seasons. While there Is room for capitalized at $200,000, of which $150,000 is common and $50,000 pre­ improvement, they incline to the belief that conditions might be much ferred stock. worse, and the approach of fall should witness a general revival i.n Officers of the new <'ompany are James 0. Savage, of Lawrence, Mass., business in all lines. president; E. L. Savagel-. of Skowhegan, treasurer. James 0. Savage, Lawrence; Charles E. ;:savage, Groveton, N. H.; E. L. Savage; E. These dispose of at least one industry which it was charged Bramhall; and Minna B. Savage, of Skowhegan, are directors. has been practically destroyed by the tariff. I can cite others of a similar character, but it is hardly necessary to do so, as MILL STARTS UP AOAI~. this shows the effort of one Republican manufacturer in his YARMOUTH, ME., Jtme 24, 1914. own branch of industry who deliberately endeav-ored to mislead The mlll of the Forest Paper Co., which was shut down for two weeks to give an opportunity to reduce the stock on hand, bas started up the American people through the Secretary of Commerce. again, and is now· expected to run on full time for the rest of the year. As to the sugar industry, a letter received from the president During the two weeks' shutdown 200 men were idle. of the Federal Sugar Refilling Co. stated: HOLYOKE--GOOD BUSINESS SURELY LOOKED FOR. It may be of interest to know that under the stimulus of the reduced tariff consumption in the Eastern States alone bas incl'eased practi­ HOLYOKE, MASS., June 2~, 1911,. cally 20 per cent. The consumption from Mat·ch 1, 1914, to June 19, The trade conditions have a slightly better tendency, though they 1914, was · 893,000 tons; in 1913, 748,000 tons, showing an increase are fully expected to remain quie~cent for some weeks yet. Those who of 145,000 tons. have returned from short business trips say · that while business is "fiat," they see "no reason for sc-~>tter stlll, has found it foolish to do so, and the fact that the world's production this year is the largest on record, during the last week began to breathe freely again. Collections are is responsible for the prevailing low pt·ices, but that the reduced tariff 1·eported goodl and the activity of the last week was more or less of a is diredly responsible for a large part of the decline is shown by the surprise to al . Men who a few weeks ago said they were prepared to following comparison of prices between March 1 and June 1, 1914, sit back and wait for fall before looking for any improvement now have with prices for other years when the in-bond price of raw sugars was jumped up suddenly and declare that July is going to witness a decided on the same basis. improvement in tmde. There was no cause for complaint in any branch of the trade last week. Bonds and ledgers met quite a satis­ factory demand. Book stock moved well at the pl'ices which have been Average Period of in-bond Cuban Duty Avera.~e maintained for some time. There was a fail· demand for news print. Years. Fr:>m dealers in old paper stock came particularly bright reports as to weeks. price 96° duty 96°. paid price net Price an indicated increased activity. The accumulations were comparatively raws. raws. refined. benvy and there was a ready demand for old stock. Prices are just abput as those quoted the week before, but it is confidently expected that improvement In tbis regard will come before long. Some of the Cents: Cents. Cents. Cent.a. local paper men look for prices to improve from 10 to 20 per cent. 1001. . ~ ... --.. --...... -•••... 5 2.031 1.348 3.439 4.36 1905 ..•.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 2.092 1.348 3.44 4.35 FOX RIIER VALLEY-HOPE FOR EARLY REVIVAL. 1906 .••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 14 2.072 1.348 3.42 4.375 APPLETON, WIS., Jtme !t3, 1914. 1907 •.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 2.085 1.348 3.433 4.566 2.102 1.348 3.45 " I I 1911. ... -.... -...... -.-- ••• -.. . 3 4.566 am inclined to think, and base my judgment on actual condi­ 1913 ...... 16 2.089 1.348 3.437 4.229 tions and developments of the last week, that immediately after the (1) 2.04 1. 01 3.05 July 4 shutdown things are going to look up a bit." It isn't often this 1914 ...... 3.819 corrrspondent uses a direct quotation in regard to market conditions, but the above, coming from a man away up in the business, far­ 1 Mar. 1 to June1. sighted and conservative, is so unusual nowadays that It serves as a The average price of refined sugar in other years when raw sugars good and encouragi:Jg !Pad to the weekly market pat·agraph from the were sellinJ? In bond at 2.09 cents per po und. as compa red with 2.04 cents Middle West. The sentiment is no mono; in fact, most of the paper now, was 4.40 cents per pound in contmst with 3. '19 cents per pound manufacturers share the ovinion of the one above quoted. Just at present all are ft·ank to admit that things are slower than they were a during the past three months. It is thet•efore clear that a saving of month ago, but everything industrially in · this part of the country 0.581 cent per pound is being effected by the reduced duty which, sE.'ems to be shaping itself for an early revl>al. figured on the amount of sugar consumed in the Unitecl States last year, namely, 3,743.139 long tons, l)l' 8,384,631,360 pounds, woulu l>e equal to $4 ,714.708. Whlle the 25 per cent !'eduction in the tariff KALAl\IAZOD-CONDITIONS UNCHAXGED. affords some relief from the exceptionally high rate that we have been KALAMAZOO, lthCTI., Jttll e 22, 1914. laboring undet·, the real benefit to the consumer will come in 1916, The tone of the paper trade t·emains about the same as last week, after which a further saving of some $100,000,000 pet· ·ear will he from what can be learned from manufacturers. There seems to be out effected. little change, although all of the mills manage to kerp thcit· machines Very truly, yours, F. C. I..o w nY, busy. Jianager Sales Depa rtment. 1914 .. CO J"GRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 11987

It is not my purpose to go fully into all the details which country are beginning to recognize that if the existing anti­ shLEH of MissjssiiliJi. Mr. Ch;drruau. a short time sion to the presidency by any such infamous procedure. It is ag<> the President of the United States issued a statement in an object lesson to nll other republics that power must come which he said there was an effort on the pait of " big bnsi· from and through the people and must be exercised in a peace­ ness" througbout the United States to bring about nn adjonrn­ able and orderly manner and that these old-time methods of ment of Congress. In view of de,·elopments from then tmtil disposing of mlers will no longer be tolerated or acqniPsced in. now I do not believe anybody would question for a moment If the President had recognized Huerta, it would ba,-e been but that be was enUrely cot·rect when be made th:tt st:ttement an im·itation to others to achieve power by the same me.1ns; to tile Americnn people. It is evident tbnt letters prepared ~md his refusal to recognize Huerta marks him as a man of in ad,·ance and telegrams mMfe to order b:n·e been ~ent broad­ hi~h ide::~ls. a firm belie,·er in constitutional goYernment, and a cast throu~bout this land asking citizens of the United States strict belie\er in the enforcement of the l\lonroe doctrine. If to sign them and llien send them to tlleil Members of Con·gress we do not insist upon a stable go>ernment in Mexico and in nnd Senators. calling upcn them to bring nh-Cont nn adjonrn­ Lntin American republics ~nerally and foreign interests suf­ ment of Congre~s. One was sent to a prominent hll~inegs firm fer. bow can \\"e say to England, France, and Germany that in my <'listrict. to which they replied through their manager, they must keep their bands off, if the interests ot their citizens and I desire to read his reply and place it in the RECORD. It or their li>es and property are jeopardized on this continent? is as follows: They would ba Ye a ri~ht to use all the power at their command, JUXE 18, 1914. e>en to the extent of occupying territory upon tbis continent, The ------Co., Bt. Lou£8. Mo. to remedy any wrong to their citizens; but ""e must exercise (JE!'\TLEliE:-o: We have your letter asking us to write or wire the if you please a snperyision over these republics, determined Senatot·s and Congressmen from this locality to adjourn and not make that they shall nse all peaceful and constitutional methods in UDY mOI'e Ia \VS. "\\e did not comply with your request, fot• the reason we disagree the exercise of their so,-ereign power for the preserYation of with you; bot tbis disagreement. yon undf:'rRtand, Is In a friendly lh-es and pr<>perty. We can then resist e\ery effort mad~ by way. as we sf:'e it dili'N·ently perhaps from othe1· people. any one of these foreign powers to occupy e-ren a foot of land Tht> main •·eason we did not comply with you•· request w~s tbe partY now in pqwC'r: has a great deal to do. They have and art> trying to upon this continent. undo S()me tbmgs that bas l'('(]oired the Repnbli<'an l'artv 40 vears to In the accomplishment of these things Woodrow Wilson has do, and If the Demoer·atic !'arty bas dont> lt in this sho'rt time, wbat gone steadily on. refnsiug to be swen-ed by any power or they have done will be for the good of the country at large, and we see oo reason why they should be asked to adjourn. influence. determined tllat Huertn shall go, And using, all lawful Forty years is a long time, and the Oemo<'ratic Party bas mnde me:~ ns to thn t end through the agency of those in )lexico who many proruisf"S to the people of the Gnited States. and these promises were engaged in open rebellion a~minst Huerta. I fail to under­ they are tl'ying to fulfill. as this is the first time they have been In a position of power to tt·ansact and put into execution their ideas of stand the ar(;?;ument of our Republican friends in opposition to govemment, and we believe you and everyone else should let them the President's policy for the bringing abOut of peHre within alone. . the borders of our sistPr Republic. It has been properly termerl 1f they can hold on long enough to convince the people of the Unitt>d States that there is more In them, then some of tht> ri<:.b cor­ a '' \\"atcbful and wniting '' policy, but it bns heen such in the porations and t1·usts throughout the count1·y may be made to do better interest of pence and to pre,ent a war. the results of whic·h. by them being in power. both in life and in finnncial waste. can not be estim«ted. rt is \\e hope ~·on will not think we are arbitrary In this mattt>r, but be· lleve that they are doing their duty honestly and Sf)Ua1·ely for the unfortunate. inrleE>rl. that Ametican li-res hflve been lost. bnt it best inte1·est of the masses of this country and let them alone. was well saiil bv the President. ··Their Ji'l"es were not s.'lrrifieert Yours, truly, in nlin." This· policy hns JH"P>enterl a _grenter destruction of ------Co., .American Jh-es. and I am sntisfted that he will succeed in driv­ By ------, Alanager• ing Huerta out and bringing about peace and order in that dis­ [Applause.] tracted conutry. I fully ugree with the views expressed by my constituent in As further eridence. if that is necessary, as to the high ideals this letter. I do not gjve bis name. as I ha-re not his permis­ whic·h control Woodrow Wilson, lE't me refer to his c<>urse on sion to do so, but suffice it to say be is a prominent business tlle Panam::t Canal trf:'aty. Hewn::. not coerced by Gre:1t Britain. man and the manager of one of the lilrgest and most successful but to rue. as to others, be stnteo that be bad not received any wholesale .and retail hardwere businesses in my district. He communication, either directly or indirectly. from thnt country was right when he said "the party in power bas a gre;tt deal with reference to the action uf Congress in reliedng our coast­ to do" in ''trying to undo some things thut it has re>quired tlle wise ste<.~msbips from tile puyrnent of tolls; but his high sense Republican Party 40 years to d·)." It is a big nndertaking to of honor and his duty impelled him to call the attention of the eoiTect their grievous wrongs and many iniqnities, but if let Con~ress to what be beliered to be a palpable Yiolation of a aJone we will do it in the interest of all the JI€Ol11e. treaty made with a foreign [l{)wer, and in this, like all other I deRire nlso to call ~ttention to nn editorial tnken from the questions affetting the ~ation. he h.'ls not permitted himself to Aberdeen ExAminer, published nt .Aberdeen, :\llis.. nnd edited be swerYed nor mored by sneet·s. ridicule. char~es of cowardice, by M11j. S. A. Jonas. In the public press iu my Stnte be is or the charge that he surrendered American rights to a foreign freqnently referred to as '_'the grand old man from Monroe." nation. He has been courageous enough to do the right thing. The editoria I is as follo\\"s: He has been criticized for insisting upon Congress remaining That old cry "llusint>s men want ('ongres.c:: to acijout·n " is again in ~sion until the new antitrust legislation was put through. bP:Hd in the land. and emanates chiefly from a class of "business men" who are deeply ent:J.ngled in lawiP. s IDOI'3!'~ they ft>ar to have l on­ and ~bite nt first his course seemed to have nrouseJ the strong­ g•·ess pt·obe. No matter bow long the British. Uerman. o1· French eM nnrl fi,~rrest oppo!'1tinn on the p·trt of thP bu--ine:-s penp e parliaments prolong tbeh· es.~ons. the cry by cnble 'Or wireless never comes announdng a demand for theit· adjournment. The fact is that of the United States generally, yet I am satisfied that that feel­ Congress is always in too great a berry to adjourn, and scores of ing has subsided, for t~e business and financial interests of the honest bills fail "for lack of time." .11988 CONGI{.ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.

'rbe "grand old man from Monroe" states in his usual clear and and that we shall witness an early statesmanlike result, for which wo forceful manner in this short editorial in this paper, of which he shall a.ll have abundant t·eason to be thankfuL bas been the editor for, lo, these many years, the condition as it The President, in his usual forceful, direct, and clear style, presents Hself to the American people at the present time. states exactly the situation confronting the American people. Much "big business "-not all, it is true-has many shady :a:e calls attention to the fact that we passed the tariff bill, and methods, and they do not care to ba\e the ''blessed sunshine of then the currency bill, and now the three trust bills are to be publicity" turned on and these methods exposed to public gaze. considered and passed before Congress adjourns. He says that [Applause.] action will not be postponed, because we are the friends of I desir·e now to call attention to the address of the President business. of the "Cnited States delivered befot·e the ViL·gini.a Editorial The first of these trust bills deals with the trade commi sion. Association, at the White House, on June 25, 1914. and gives this commission power. if this law is enncted and 'l'he address is ns follows: placed upon the statute books, to supervise aud investigate the condition of the great corporations in this country. The . econd · I think it appropriate, ladies and gentlemen, in receiving you, to say just a word OJ' two in assistance of your judgment about the existing one adds to and gives additional powers to the Sherman anti­ conditions. You are largely r£-sponsible for the state of public opinion. trust laws to control the great trusts that ha"Ve so long preyed Yon furnish the public with information, and In your editorials you fur­ on the people of this grent Republic, and the third ::md last one nish it with the interpretation of that information. We are in the pres­ ence of a business situation which Is . variously interpt·eted. Here in deals with the securities-the stocks and bonds-of the great Washin~on, through the Bureau of C'omme1·ce and other instrumentali­ railroad corporations of this countl'y. If it should become n ties that are at our disposal. and through a correspondence which comes law no such condition could exist and no such results be reached in to us from all parts of the Nation, we are pet·haps in a position to judge of the actual condition of business better than those can judge as happened recently in the New Ha"Ven Railroad case. who are at any other singole point ln the country; and I wnnt to say to The President of the United States is doing the "Very be t he you that as a m~;~tt£-r of fact tbe sig11s of a very strong business revival can for the masses of the American people. He is not fighting are becoming more and more evident from day to day. I want to sug~Pst this to you: Business bas been in a feverish nnd for the classes and special interests, but for the people at lHrge, apprehensive condition In this country for more than 10 years. I will and hence tbis demand to adjourn. The people are not asking not stop to point ont tbe time at which it began to be :J.pprehenslve. but adjournment, but " big business" is. It will not be bard to during more than 10 y£-ars business bas been the object of sharp criti­ cism in the United States, a criticism growing in volume and growing find the pathway of duty if you honestly want to serve the in particularit.v: nnd, as a natural conRequence, as the volume of critl· people. cism has Inc1·ea~Pd bn~lnl'ss bas grown mot·e and more anxious. Busi­ I desire to call attention to another editorial from the arne ness mE'n have acted as some men do who fear they will have to undergo an opcmtion and who are not sure that when they get on the table the paper to which I referred a moment ago, with reference to the operation will not be a capital operation. As a matter of fact, as the President. It is under the headline of "Our Peerless Pre i­ dla_gnosis has progress£-d It hns become more and more evident that no dent," and is as fol1ows: capital operation was necessary: that at the most a minor operation was necessary to l'l'move admitted distempers and evils. The treatment OUR PEERLESS PRESIDE:\'T. is to be constitutional rather than surgical. affecting 'llabits of life and Woodrow Wilson is without doubt the greatest of American Presi­ action which ba"Ve been hurtful; for on all bands it is admitted that dents, and history will so style him. It .be bas made a single execu­ there are process£-s of business, or have been processes of business, in tive or administrative mistake, it has not been disclosed. If be has this country which ought to be correct('{}. but th£> correction bas b£>£-n for a single moment surrendered conviction to win popular applan~P, postponed. and in proportion to the postponement the fever has in· the record fails to show lt. His aims have all been lofty, and with ct·£-ased-tbe fever of nppl·ebPnsion. wonderful courage be bas labored for consummation, yet at -all times There Is nothing more fatal to business than to be kept guessing from bas be exhibited the highest attributes 6f the statesman and diplomat, month to month and from year to year whether something serious ls being ready for compromise and concession in tbe inte1·est of the going to hnpp£-n to it or not and what in particular is going to happen greatest possible achievement, where obstinacy, which Is sometimes con­ to it, if :J.nythlng does. It is tmpo~sible to forecast the prospects of any strued as firmness, would have either lost all or won at the expensl' of line of bu~iness unless you know what the year Is going to bring forth. party harmony and organization. • • • His sincerity and patriot· Nothing is more harmful. nothing bas be£-n declat·ed by business men to ism; his absolute disregard for the ridicule of the cartoonist Ol' tbe be more unfair·, than to keep them gue~sing. criticism of opponents bas enabled him to secure f1·om Cong1·ess more The guessin.~ went on; the air was fnll of lnterrogoatlon points for _10 important legislation than was ever before enacted in a single term. years and more. Then came an administration which for tbe first time had a d£-finlte program of constructive correction-not of destl'Uctive [Applause.] correction, but of a constructive conection of admitted evil-a vet·y That editorial expresses the opinion of the President of the clear pt·ogram, discloserl, so far as possible in a general program, in its pa1·ticulars as well as in its general features. And the administration United States, which I dare say, and here assert, is entertained proceeded to carry out this program. - by the masses of the American people. They are standin~ First, there was th~ tariff; and busin£-ss shlver£-d. "We do not like to-day in solid phalanx behind him, and as he presses onward in to go in; the water loolts cold." But when the tariff bad been passed the great battle to attain greater achievements and more glorious It was found that the readjustment was po. slble without any serious disturbance whatever. So that men said, with a sense of r£-lief, "Well, derelopments in the interest of all the people they applaml him we at·e glad to g£-t that behind us; and it was not bad, aftet· all." and will stand by ancl support him during this administra· Then came the currency rPform. You remember with what resistance, will with what criticism, with what syst£-matic holding back, a large body of tion; and when the gren t successes and victories which he bankers in tnls countrv m£-t the proposals of that reform; and you attain during his first administration are consummnted, I proph­ know bow, Immediately atter its passage, they recognized its benefit esy they will call him to the Presidency for another term. [Ap­ and its beneficenL£, and llow ev£-r <>ince the passage of that rerorm bankers throughout the United States have been congratulating them­ plause on the Democratic side.] selves that it was possible to carry out this gt·eat reform upon sensible Mr. Chairman, the President is urging that the Members of and solid lines. Congress remain here in order that the policies of the adminis­ 'I'hen we advanced to the trust program. and ag-ain tbe ~arne dr£-ad, the same be;;itation, the Fame urgency that the thing should be post­ tration and the announced program may be carried out to a poned. It will not be postponed, and it will not be postponed because final conclusion. The President of the United States called to we- nre the fl'lends M businel's. We know what we are doing. We his high office, carrying the banner of the Democratic Pform WUl"-a ~en'e of relief and Of security. to his support in carrying out the principles of governmeutnl B£-cause when the program is finished it Is finlsb£-d; the interrogation points at·e rubbed off the slate: business is given its constitution of policy that are correct in the light of reason and common seuse. freedom and is hiddPn to go forward under that constitution. And All the agencies in this country seeking special pri·riiege are jul't so soon as it gets thn t leave and frt>edom there will be a boom exerting all their power to ernbart'ass and hamper his onwurd, of business in this country such as we have nevet· witnessed in the United Stat£-s. . straightforward, progressi-re march; but the country may rest I as a friend of business and a ~ervant of the country would not dare in the assurance that be is a safe pilot, guiding the''' Old Ship stop in this program and bring on anothet· long pe1·1od of agitn tion. of State" in these lutter days in a fearless and cnpnble manner·. Agitation longer continued would be fatal to the buslne~s of this country, and if this program is d£-layed there will come agitation with and when the storm is past he will anchor her ~afely in port uud every lettPr in the wot·d a capital lettet·. The choicP Is a sober and bring soJnce, prosperity, and good cheer to hisfellowcounh·yrnen, sensible pro~ram now complet£- d or months upon months of additional and the Democratic Party undE'r his leadership will pro-re itself conj£-cture and danger. I, fOJ' one, could not ask this country to ex­ cuse a policy which subjected business to longer continued agitation to be the unfaltering champion of' a Go-rernment "Of the peotJle, and uncertainty, and therefore I am sure that i.t is begin-ning to be by the people, and for the people." evident to the whole press of this country, and by the same token to The hands of our O't-eat Democratic President shall be and the people, that a ~onstrnctlve prog1am is at last not only to be pro­ posed but complf'ted, and that when it is completed business can get must be upbeld. He posse'ses the state manship ann diplomacy and will get what It can gPt in no other way-rest, recuperation, and of the patron saint of the Democratic Party, Thomas Jefferson, succrf\sful adjustment. I can not get rl:'~t if you S£-nd me to bed wond£-rlng what Is going to happen to me in the morning; but if you the grit and determination of Andrew Jackson, nud the in­ send me to b£-d knowing what the cnurse of business is to be to-morrow trepidity and daring of the great "Harry of the West," who mo1·ning I can I'I:!St. How much better is certain justice to the men said he "would rather be right than be President." Any Demo­ engag£-d in businesl'l. It is a matter of cons<'ience as well as a matter of large public crnt who fnils to sustain ·wm in the great battle he is wuging policy to do what this Congress, I am now certain, is going to do­ will pro-re false to his constituents and the be t interest of his finish thP program. And I do not think that It is going to take a Go-rernment and to the great country of which be is a citizen. very long time. I b£>11£-ve that the temper of those engaged in this great thing Is admirable: that the various elements sometim£-s In I l1axe sustained him in his grent economic policies up to date, antagonism in the Congress of the United States are drawing togcthet·, and I conceive lt my duty, without cri~icism of others, to re- 1914 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. . 11989

main here until the program he has announced is fully com­ But the story is substantially us I haYe stated it. The Na­ pleted and consummated. In doing so, in my . judgment, I will tional City Bank of New York purchased the old customhouse subserve the hi~hest interest of my constituents and the wel­ for omething like $3.250,000. It was said at the time that it fare and prosperity of this great Republic. With duty inscribed was bought at considerably less than it was worth. I dq not on our flag, let us say to the President, "We are with you, as know anything about that, but 1 do know that they kept that the great leader of the Democratic Party; let your sword ftash transaction under cover for a long time. The National City at the head of the column and lead on, and you will find no Bank owned it, as a matter of fact. The title remained in the 'stragglers' or 'camp followers' in the ranks, but a united Government under this arrangement, and the Goyernment, of and triumphant army marching to victory under your matchless course, does not pay taxes. leadership." [ApJ1lause.] 1\Ir. GOOD. When was this? The Democratic Party, 8tanding for certain well-known prin­ Mr. ANSBERRY. Never mind; I will get to that. The gen­ ciples and reforms, of which our President is a true exponent, tleman t'Cial IJl'ivi­ on the floor when the rent item was being discussed in the ap­ leges to none." Let us remain here as long as necessary to dis­ propriation bill as late as 1906. The newspaper§i got hold of it charge this great mission, and in doing so receive the plaudits and made a scandal of it; or, rather, they told the truth about it, of a loyal and patriotic people. and the truth told about this man who was the Secretary of I would be happy to go home. I dare say my people would be the Treasury amounted to a scandal. glau to see me and h:rre me te11 them about some of the great Perhaps that would be the precise way to state it. Thereupon things this Democratic administration has accomplished, and they completed the transaction in this manner: The title was nqthing woult1 p:i"re me greater delight than to have that pleas­ changed, and the money that was supposed to be paid to the .ure; but in view of the urgent request of the Preside~t of the Secretary of the Treasury, or whoever represented the GoYern­ United States, I expect to remain here and by_my presence help ment, ~as immediately deposited-and where do you "think: In to keep a quorum and by my vote help to carry out the. policies the Kational City Bank; and I assume that it stayed there until anu the ann<'uneed program of our party and our great and good a· Democratic administration came in and made them pay 2 per Democratic President. I have an opponent in my district who cent interest on the funds which they had belonging to the GoY­ is trying to defe:1t me for reelection, and the p~imary election ernment of the United States. will be held on Tuesday, the 18th day of August; nnd if the I say this ·for the _information of the gentleman from Iowa program of the President is carried out, I . doubt seriously [Mr. Goon], who attacked a Democratic Secretary of the Treas­ whether J will haYe an opportunity to get back to my district ury and said he was incompet~nt. -He did not say he was dis­ by that time; but whether I do or not, I will do my duty, re­ honest. Certainly he did not state any facts that would com~1 memhering that the immortal Robert E. Lee said ''duty" is within a gunshot of the malodorous, rotten transaction to which the greatest word in the English language, and leave my inter­ I have referred, and which was a matter of common knowledge est and my cause in the hands of the patriotic people whom I to every man in the United States who read the daily news­ haYe on the floor of this House during all my service repre­ papers, and to eyery man in the United States who had any sented with fidelity, honesty, efficiency, and promptness. If I knowledge of what was going on in the city of ·washington rela­ fall by the wayside, I will fall with my face to the front, faith­ tive to the Government of the United States and the affairs of fully serving my party_and my cou~?-try. If I triumvh and am the Treasury at that time. reelected, I shall be happier in the consciousness of not having · Now, I will yield to the gentleman. deserted my post and in the re.'llization of having at an times 1\Ir. GOOD. When was this? ·wm the gentleman give me performed- my duty to my constituents, who have ho~ored me, the date? to the Democratic Party, of wllich I am a member, and to the Mr. ANSBERRY. I think the original contract was made great country of which I am a citizen. when Lyman J. Gage was Secretary of the Treasury. Now, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Missis­ when was Mr. Shaw Secretary of the Treasury? sippi has expired. The CHAIRl\IAN. Does the gentleman yield? 1\ll'. CANDLER of Mississippi. I thank you, my friends, for Mr. A.t~SBERRY. Yes. your very kind attention. [Great applause.] Mr. GOOD. He was Secretary of the Treasury during the Mr. SISSON. Mr. Chairman, how much time have I remain- last term of the administration of President Roosevelt. ing? . 1\Ir. ANSBERRY. I am quite certain that this contract was The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman has five minutes remaining. still being carried out when he was Secretary of the Treasury. 1\lr. SISSON. I yield five minutes to the gentleman from In fairness to him,' I will say I neYer heard his name connected Ohio [1\lr. ANSBERRY]. with the transaction. I was mistaken when I interrogated my The CILURllAN. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. ANSBERRY] friend from Iowa and referred to Secretary Shaw, and of course Is recognized for five minutes. have no desire to do the Secretary any injustice. 1\Ir. ANSBERRY. 1\Ir. Chai.rman, I want to say to my col­ Mr. GOOD. Is the gentleman sure it was Secretary Shaw? letlgue from Iowa [l\lr. Goon] that he apparently is not familiar Mr. A.l~SBERRY. I meant Secretary Gage, whose name was with the history of a very peculiar transaction which was at bandied about in connection with that transaction. least in part carried out under the administration of the very Mr. GOOD. I will say to the gentleman in answer to his distinguished gentleman who presided over the destinies of the question that I was certain Secretary Shaw 2ad no connection Treasury of the United States during a recent Republican ad­ with the transaction referred to, and I feared, however, that his mini. tration. I would like to have the gentleman's attention. information was based entirely upon groundless newspaper re­ The ·cHAIRl\I.Al'l. The Chair knows of no way of enforcing ports and that he had been fearfully misled. his attention. [Laughter.] Mr. ANSBERRY. I can not let the gentleman take all my Mr. ANSBERRY. I wanted to ask him whether he knew of time; but if he wil1 get up here again and reiternte the state­ the transaction that smelled to high heaven and which arose out ment that he never heard of this transaction, I will say to him of the purchase of the old customhouse in New York City by the that he can not only sit at my feet and get information· but he National City Bank. Surely the gentleman has heard something can sit at the feet of every man who was a newspaper reader of this most remarkable transaction in which the Government during the time that these things were debated in Congress ancl sold this property at an inadequate price, so it has been said; I were carried in all the newspapers of the country. think, for $3,250,000; only $50.000 of which was paid down, the Mr. GOOD. If I wanted information, I would not go to the balance being deferred. and then the Government very kindly gentleman from Ohio for it. rented the property until the new customhouse could be com­ Mr. AKSBERRY. I fear the gentleman does not want any in­ pleted at an annual rental of $130,600-4 per cent of the pur­ formation. I fear that if he did get Yery much mQre informa­ cha e price. I think that agreement was made jn the early tion than he now has on this question-and I know he wants nineties, and, strange to relate, the title remained in the Gov­ to be honest about it-he would get up in the House and de­ ernment for many years, thus saving for some one the taxes nounce any transacti?n of the character I have described; and that would have been paid had the deal been made in a busi­ he would also apologize for the adverse references he Las made nesslike manner. to the very efficient administration of the Treasury in the hands l\lr. GOOD. Well, Mr. Chairman-- of the distinguished gentleman who now presides o-rer the des­ 1\fr. AXSBERRY. Just a moment. The gentleman would not tinies of that great institution. permit me to finish the question I was asking of him. The gen­ I yield back the remainder of my time. tlenum said he did not know anything about that story, and did Mr. KINKAID of Nebraska. I ask unanimous consent to not cnre to hear it. Of course, we all fear the gentleman did extend the remarks I made last Monday in support of· my bill, not want to hear it. H. R. ·11745. . . ..( 11990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-ROUSE; JULY 11~

Tile 'CH.... UR:\IAN. The gentleman from Nebraska asks unani­ tionai·solicitude and frallled Jts bl11 with the deliberate purpoFe mous consent to extend his remarks in the REcoRD. Is there ob­ of cutting do\\'1.1 the farreerS' proceeds. jection? You told the farmer the duty did him no good; yo~ told ltlm There was no .{)bjection. that ~e ~as ·one af the chief ufferers by reason of pr·otectlon, fur. e 25 'Vhinever there was of reassuring promi-se in the Federal shnres-$100 par-of beet-suga·r sto~k, which I will sell to reserve net is fading away. any Democrat at 50 cents -on the -dollar. They ay ·we do not llanl{S do not make }Wosperity. Banks live on prosperity. want to injure nny legitimate business.' so tbey on~bt to be Confideuf'e makes business, nod business runkes prosperity. glnd to buy at that price. This stock sold at $105 per share lt takes something ruore than the creation of F'edeml rese.ITe about a year ago. tt banks and the transmutntion of debts into money to make WHE.!T. money mO\·e from hand to hand and turn the wheels of industry. You 'figured np the growing acreage of wheat in Canada, nnd Taxes were ue,·e•· higher in time of peace than uow, and yet then ~~ou cut down the duty on wheat to make wheat cbeaper excessi,·e taxes nre beiug supplemented by the tax of idleness, and thereby mnb.--e bread cheaper. 4 and idleneRs is the be:t vi est of taxes. l'ou made wheat cbenper and you made farmers poorer. but The policy that sends our money abroad to enrich foreigners tbe one-sixtieth of n cent whir.h you theoretic:t lly su n~d on a at the expense of our own people; the polic-y that gives our loaf of bread Jor e,·ery rent you asse Fed the American farmer mnrket away to foreign nations thnt pmtert their own m:ukets on a bushel of wheat is absorbed long befot·e the elenrtors, against us; the policy that promotes foreign industry by de­ millers. baJ~ers. r·etail dealers. and railronds ba,·e fini. bed tnk­ pressing American industry; the policy that drh·es Amerjcan iug toll along the w;ty from fhe wheat fields to the consumers labor out of work in order to ~ive wo1·k to foreign labor: the of brend. and bt·ead i no cheaper. policy thnt forces Americnn bnRiness to the wnll to inc~ease By a curions course of re:tsoning, when you reduced the dnty foreign business-such D pulicy deposHs no money in .American on wbeat to mnke brend rhe.tpet· you reLined a duty of 50 cents banks. but it dues deposit money in foreign bnnks. a barrel on fit'Ur to protect the miller. Gh·e a mHn a chnnre to do hnsiness and hanks wi11 lend him ObYiously you regard fUJ'llling as illegitimate and milling as money, but if you Jegislate him out of business his credit is legitiwate. gone. CORN. The man who wants to borrow money at a bank must give The dnty ou corn was 15 cents a bnshel. Yon made cor.n security now as heretofore. but the business of the country is f.ree. The corn belt of the "Cniteo Stntes pt·odnces a dis­ without security, except the security thHt on the first Tnesdny tinctively American crop. and it p1·oances di~tincti..-ely Ameri­ niter the first Mondny in i'\oYember there will he n referendum can men. who know exactly "·bnt is hein~ done to tbt:>m. on the state of business. [Applause on the Republican side.] .Argentina js t.be corn belt of the Snnthern He.:.ui. phE>Te. 1'ROl\USES. Theil· coru matures in ~Jny; onrs in Oetober. At·gentine lnnd This administrntion bas been in power now for about JG is rhe;lp and the wages of Argentine labO'r m·e low. months. En~rybody renlizes thnt. Business depression is The rate on corn from San Lorenzo. .Argentina, to ~ew York wWening rtntl dPepening dnngerously. ran~es from 5 to 6t cents a bu bel on full car~oes. nnd- The newspn pers from d:ty to day hn"Ve told the story ~f Coi'D is shipped fl'Om Rosario, .\rgentinu. to XE'w rork for nbout the sHme rnte as is charged by rail from Butrulo to .New Yot·k. (Farm­ business depreRsion, reduced credit. slow collertions. men ont ers' Bulletin 5Rl ) of wm·k. brend lines, mnnkipal lod~ng houses, rtnd of bow To Galvl'Ston thE' 1ates f:>r the last fPW months of 1!11:! were con­ e-ven the morgue was wed in Xew 1 ork as a place of refuge siderably lower from the upri>Pr ports of Are-entinn than fr·om Kan. as f'lty Tht. rnte frorn Kansas City to Galveston in 1!11 :{ was !l. cents on winter. ni~bts for tbe lf,·ing as well ns the dPad. pPr busbe:, whit~> lhl't'P out of four nrtPs fr·om Ar·gentina to GHIVP>'ton You ,-vent into power through a split in tlle llpy-.ublican Party wPre les'! than 7 cents, one of them being u.s low as 5.1 cents per bu,c:h£>1. on fl plntform wbich. in the language of Bill Nye, has "gone Orean rates apply to full cargoP:J; that Is. when a ship Is cbartrrPd tlicl\ering up tbe flume.". . to rarr·y corn onlv. RPg•·'ar finps of ~PamRhios. whl'I'P !'lmallf't' lots In it you sniCI protection wns the crtuse of bigb prices a:1-d than full caJ'!!OP~ aro ca•TiF-d, oftl'D chorze lmvet• ratPc: tl11m nt'<' paid on fnll rar·goE's of c>om. (Farmers' BLlletin 581.) ""\.nd tt·amp steamers " thnt no suh~tnntial relief could be secured for the people" bring corn for 3 cE'nts -a btt!'lhE'I. unoer protection. You told the farmers and thJ lnboring men thnt they were A bout 10,000.. 000 bushels of corn hn-ve come from A r!!E>nti na the "chief sofferers" by renson of protection; th11t protection in the 1nst ei~ht months. nnd most of it hns b{>en consi~ned to the Corn Producta R€finiu~ Co .. Stand·rrcl Oil corpot·ntion. " rair.('s the coRt of the neces~n ries of life" to them, ' but does a The freight on c>orn from Chicngo ~Pw York i~ 11."i rPnts not Jlrotect their pt·oduct or their wa~es." to a Yon told the people that ''material reductions Sh01tld ue bushel. ObYiously wemern corn eRn not pny tbe ft•elgbt nn.d speedily made upon the nece. snries of life" thnt yon were going rompete with Argentine com iu the EnRt. anfl corn h:1s rl1·opped to do it "hy legislntion that would not in.iu~·e or destroy legiti­ 12 rPnts be:ow Octobet· prices, notwithstnnding the short crop of 1!)13. mate indnstrr." nnfl yo11 ~id your "plenges were made to be ke-pt ili o.ffice as well as re1ie~ upon dcring 1he campaign." The corn crop jngt bnRked in Argpntinn is the ·lnrgef;t eYer rniRerl tllPre. It will fnrni~h ~50 000.000 hu~hels for export. nnd DISCIUlliNATIO~ AGAL~ST FAR!\IERS. the new;.;pnpers ~t;rte th:1t the offi(•in Is of thE' ~ew York. ).'"pw In the campnign that followed you quivered with ~n1otion HaYen & HHrtforrl R:tilrond nre ~o "impl'E'Sf: l1 with th~ im­ from tovn to town a bout the hlgh cost of living and how you mense husiness now ill ight by rPnAAn of the bn!!P rrop Arrren ­ were g)iug to redtl'.!e it. tinn bfiS jm:t ·rnil'lN1 ·• thnt tlH' oirl methofl of hilling C'lll'J'! y,mr Ways nnd Means Committee, in its re11ort o.n the tariff tbrou~ from ~ew York to Sew Englnnd points ·on n loenl tal'itJ'. bill, specified the advance in farm products as a cause of na- plus 3 cents for lighterage, has been abando1,1eu, and a new and 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 11991 lower rate has been inaugurated on corn from tidewater to But suppose a farmer's implements will last fiye years; and New England points, as a result of which the whole New Eng­ suppose before the duty was removed lt C(lst $500 to buy the land market will be lost to American corn. implements to start the average farm; and suppose after the Heretofore the farmers of the Middle West have suppHed duty of 15 per cent was removed the farmer saved the whole New England nnd the East with corn. Hereafter Argentina will amount, bought his implements for $425 and saved $75; and supply New England and the East with corn, and hereafter then suppose you calculate the loss the farmer will sustain New England will buy her corn no cheaper, but New England each year on every crop he grows by reason of tariff reductions, money will go to Argentine farmers instead of American farmers and the result will show his loss on crops each year to be and will go to foreign ships for carrying corn from Argentina greater than his total gain for five years on implements. instead of to American railroads. BEEF. Not only that, but the newspapers say that the last week of April 750.000 bushels of Argentine corn were contracted for by The shouting and the tumult of the last campaign have dieJ Chicago dealers to arrive by way of Montreal, and that importa· away and history is passing judgment day by day. You said tions of Argentine corn have found their way to Oklahoma. protection was the cause of high prices, and you took the duty If the importation of 10,000,000 bushels of Argentine corn in off from meats, deprived the Government of the reYenue de­ the last seven months can break the price of corn and take rived from meats and turned it over to the packers, but price3 away from our own people not only the eastern market but ba ve gone up. invade the -very heart of the corn belt, what effect will the I offer in evidence your own official declarations, and I re~hl importation of 250.000,000 bushels ha-ve? from Farmers' Bulletin No. 581, as follo\vs: You haYe made the American farmer poorer and the Argen­ There are nine establishments for slaughtering, chilling, freezing, and exporting beef located in or near Buenos Aires, and five of these com ­ tine farmer richer and corn products are no lower. panies are owned and operated by Chicago slaughtering and packing Everv bushel of Argentine corn, grown by cheap labor on houses. These five do by far the major portion of the entire business cheap land displaces a bushel of American corn, and the whisky (p. 31). distillers, the Glucose Trust, and the Starch Trust tak_e the 1\fost of the meat that comes from Argentina comes from proCt; the consumer pays no less and the farmer stands the loss. Chicago packers who consign it- But when you took the duty off from corn, you kept a duty to themselves at New York for sale by themselves in New York or where­ of $2.90 a gallon on whisky and 40 cents a hundred on corn ever they please tf) send it by rajl. It is not assumed that they are meal. . using Argentine beef to beat down the prices of Chicago bel!f (p. 3!:1). Ob-viously you regard whisky and corn meal as legitimate The packers then control prices, the farmer takes what be can and corn as illegitimate. get, and the consumer pays what be must. OATS, BARLEY, RYE, HAY, POTATOES, AND DAIRY PRODUCTS. You told the people in the last campaign that the quantitative You cut the duty on oats from 15 cents to 10 cents a bushel theory of money was a dream; that the law of supply and de­ and, in the language of your own bulletin : mand bad been repealed and higher prices inaugurated by pro­ The increased importation of corn from Argentina has been accom­ tection ; and that you were going to reduce prices by reducing panied by an Immense importation of oats from Canada into the Untted duties. States. But I offer in evidence the declaration of the Department of You say: Agriculture that- Relatively small consignments were received in July, August, and the large increase of the value of meat animals on farms is accounted September, 1913, but with October a larger movement began- for by the increased cost of .production and the increased consumption So that, as you explain- or demand. arising from tbe fact that production bas not kept pace with the increase of population. and tn the case of cattle and sheep bas The total imports durin~t the four months ending January, 1914, actually declined. (Bulletin 575, p. 4.) amounted to over 16.000,000 bushels, or more than the total imports during the seven years beginning July 1, 1906, and ending June 30, We told you that ten thousand times in the last campaign, 1913. (Farmers' Bulletin No. 581.) but you kept right on talking about protection being the cause Every bushel of imported Canadian oats displaces a bushel of of eyery evil. Ame:.·lcnn oats, and the importer and the dealer take the profit You told the people who live in cities that the farmer was and the farmer stands the Joss. getting too much for what he had to sell. Now you admit You cut the duty on barley from 30 cents to 15 cents a that- bushel. Canada produces barley, and so does North DJkota. this unprecedented increase ln the average value of meat animals The price of barley in Chicago ranged from $1.20 to $1.30 a does not necessarily mean that farmers and stock raisers are making bushel in April, 1912, and from 55 to 60 cents a bushel in more, if any, profit (Bulletin 575, p. 4.) April, 1914, and the brewer takes the profit and the farmer You did not care to discuss the law of supply and demand in stands the loss. the last campaign. You wanted to keep right on talking about You reduced the duty on barley and retained a duty of 45 protection. cents a hundred on barley malt. Why? Is farming " illegiti· Now you say: mate" and brewing "legitimate"? The cost of production bas frobably increased more rapidly than the You cut the duty on hay from $4 to $2 a ton, and the dealer increase in the selltng ·price o live stock. (Page 4.) and the importer take the profit and the farmer stands the loss. -You argued in the last campaign that the fact that prices were You took the duty off from rye, and the importer and the dis­ high demonstrated that farmers were getting too much for what tiller take the profit and the farmer stands the loss. they bad to sell. You took the duty off potatoes, and the importer and the Now you say: dealer take the profit and the farmer stands the loss. It is well known that producers of farm products are the last to In a speech recently made at Bingham, Me., ex-Gov. Fernald, receive any benefit from higher prices paid by consumers, yet they are of Maine, speaking from an intimate knowledge of conditions: prompt to Increase product10n if there is a prospect of realizing better declared that Maine dairy farmers are losing $7.000 a day. returns. (Page 5.) Gov. Fernald owns a creamery, and in March, 1913, he was We had arguments, essays, speeches, and denunciations in the paying farmers 33 cents a pound for butter fat, but in 1\farcb, last campaign about the price of meat and the farmer's rela­ 1914, under the new tariff law. the price of butter fat was tion to it. forced down by Canadian competition to 23 cents a pound, and Now you say: butter is no cheaper, and the farmer stands the loss. The very fact that there is a present shortage of nearly 19,000,000 Gov. Fernald told his audience that in one day he counted 20 meat animals in the United States since the census of 1910 indicates carlonds of Canadian hay at Danville, on their way to Boston; clearly that the business is not profitable to producers; otherwise every and eyer since the new tariff law was passed the Maine farmer farmer and stock raiser in the country would have Increased his herds has been receiving $2.50 less a ton for hay than theretofore, of meat animals. (Bulletin 575, p. 5.) and the importer takes the profit and the farmer and the Treas- CHEESE. ury stand the loss. , Day by day your own official records have been compelled re­ The Michigan ManufBcturer and Financial Record snys: luctantly to demonstrate the slowing down of factories, the fall­ Michigan farmers are up In arms over the injury done the dairy ing off of exports, and the swift advance of foreign importations. interests by the new tariff law. The bottom bas dropped out of the market for dairy products and prices have lowet·ed about one-third in the last The tariff wall is down, the surplus is wiped out, the Secre­ three months. tary of the Treasury is treasurer of an overdraft, and the high Cream, or butter fat, bas dropped from 32 to 22 cents; milk from cost of living is advancing with remorseless disregard of decreas­ $1.90 to $2 per bundt·ed to $1 35 delivered at the factories at Obly and Bad Axe • • •. ing pay rolls. One farmer stated that his milk checks for March were $30 less for But we are not without relief. The Secretary of Agriculture the same quantity than for February. bas issued a little book on cheese. It tells you how to use You tried to placate the farmer by taking the duty off from cheese instead of meat. It says cheese '' is so used by the farm implements and the price of farm implements has gone up. peasants o:f some parts of Europe." 11992- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- _HOUSE. JULY 11,

It tells you thnt .. one of the best wars to reduce. the expense A.gnfn, I offer in evidenca the dectnrntlons of sour own de-­ of your food is to substJtute cheese for meut." pHrtruents. .Mr. Leon Estabrook. Chief of the Bnrettn of Statis­ 'Therefore, if yon ~1re bung1·y, eHt cheese~ tics, in the Department of Agrtcultme.. says: Jf porterhouse steak costs too much. eat clleese. The condition is undoubtedly a marketing problem. When the mills s:b~It down, eat cheese. And explains that- ·wnen the pay check stops, eat cheese. [Laughter.] The hlgb prices paid by consumers, ranging frorn nearly 5 to 500 PRICES.. per cent more tbao the farmer receive . Indicate that tbcre is plenty of room for lowertn~ the cost o.f farm products to consumers and at You said you were going to reduee the cost of living. the arne time largely increase the cash income per fa.rm without in­ You h~.n·e reduced re\'enues, business, wages, and employment, creasing production. but you haYe not reduced the cost of living. But you have proceeded upon the theory that the best way "' gnin I introduce in eYidence the declatatlons of your own to lower prices is to lower the farmer's income aud increase wi tuesses. the income of foreign fa.rmers. '1'11e Hmenn of LaiXJr Statistics. in a bulletin printed Feb­ 1\Ir. Estabrook suys: rnu t'Y 10. 1014. reports "'the prices of 1:5 common a rtlcles of food The l.ong Une of distributor and middlemen between the farmer in 40 iwportaut industrial cities, in which Jiye one-fifth of and the consumer are In a position to take a.dvnntage of the market and, to a ce11:ain extent. control the- market in both dirP.Ctions, be­ the totu I uuruiJer of people in continental Gnited Stn tes," Hntl caru e they are better organized to keep Informed of crop and market ndrnlts thnt, c"'mpnring pTices on December 15, 1912, with prices conditions, and to act promptly, than either farmers or consumers who on December 15, 1913, 13 articles advanced and only 3 declined are not organized, a:nd as indivfdnars are helpless. in price. But you invite foreign importations to force down the prices The Chicago Daity Trnde Bulletin shows that the wholesale of farm products anrl offer a wilier range for dealers antl im­ price of potatoes ranged from 35 to 40 cents n bushel on .May 1, porters to enrich themselves at the expense of both farmers lUJX. nnd from 60 to US cents a bushel on Mny 1, 1914. and consumers. Thnt the price of Baldwin np;>les ranged from $2.50 to $3.50 The money that goes to Argentina for corn and beef; the a !Jnnel 011 :\lr1y 1. 1913. lind from $H.50 to $5.25 on May 1, 101·!. money that goes to Canada for cattle, meat. wheat, oats. rye, '!'hat the price of eggs ranged from 16 to 1T cents a dozen barley,. potatoes. nnd hay; the money that goes to Australia May 1. 19J::J. and ft·om 18' to 1~ cents on llay 1, 1914. for wool, beef, and mutton: the money that goes to Chinn for That •• fowls. dressed. scalded, and iced." ranged from 16! t<> eggs, builds no homes. builds no barns, buys no tools, pays no 17 (.'t'Uts ver pound .lluy 1. 1913. and were 17 cents a po\md Muy wages, and pays no debts. It goes away to stay. 1. JUH. PSYCHOLOGY. Th<1C cn~·amery butter ranged from ~H to 28 cents a pound When th-e new tariff law went into effect at 10 minute after Mny 1. lHli>. aLH.l from 21 t()l 2-:!i cents a pound Uay 1, 191-1. 9 o'clocl~ on the nip:bt of Octob.er 3. 1913. foreign goods of the That smoked hams ranged fl'om 16! to 17 cents per pound estimated ,-alue of $170.000.000 were being held in bonded ware. Muy 1, 1913. and from 15-; to 16 cents lJay 1. 1914. houses waiting to be release1l under the lower duties of the new That smoked shoulders rangea from 12~ to 13 cents- per law, and these importations have gone on until the first six ponud llay 1, 1013. and from 13t to 13~ :\lay 1, 1914. months of the new law resulted in a loss of nearly $78.000000 That fresh larub ranged froru :1 to 12 cents n pound 1\Iay 1, In our foreign trade compared with the same six mouths a 101;). and from 11 to 12 cents H pound .May 1, 1914. year ago. That fresh veal rangeu ft·om 12 to 12-! cents a pound May 1. E,·ery dollar's o1·th of foreign goods displaces u dollar's 1013. and from 12! to 13! cents a pound llny 1. 1914. worth of goods made here and tnkes its toll out of the pay The Weekly Xot·thwe ·tern ~nller shows that flour ranged em·elope of eYery American workingman. from $4 to $-!.20 11et· burrel .:\lay 3, 1913, and from $4 to $4.20 .t Before the import uf manufSS tbnn 41Jt per cent of the land is reasonably well cultivated. and less than 1!! It is all nry simple. Hnnl times nre an lllns1on. An empty per cent is yielding full re-turns or- returns consider·altly aboye the stomach is nn hnllucinntion. Men out of work And shrinking average. pay rolls arc ocular delusions and lunguishlng trade is a fig­ Is it n good wny to help fnrmers to raise bigg.er crops to ment of the imagin<'ltion. force down the price of what they r:1ise by foreing them to com­ Facts are " merely psychologjcal." "Tb!s is the ntmosphere pete with cheap foreJgn land and cheap foreign labor? we breathe with so much refreshn1cnt ~~ while our home market

.. , ' r.j' .1--..r ~,. • ,.... :• . -. ·" CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE. 11993. is being given away to foreigners and being exploited by foreign tai~ly. afford the basis for som~ real thought. The gentlemanly trusts; while the purchasing power of our own people is being optiJ~ust of the present admmistration must certainly view reduced and onr money is being sent abroad to enrich foreign conditions in their perspectiYe through the glasses of soma nations; while the le'lel of Aruericnn citizenship is being low­ fore~gn optician ~f ~e percelYes unything of a comforting nature in his latest statistics. Of course, the gentleman is an ucknowl­ ered down to the le'lel of foreign citizenship. cdged authority on some things which peculiarlv fit him ful' DEMOCllATIC EFFORTS TO UE.\LIZ!l A PROPHECY. the position he now occupies as the adrninistratlon~'s "harbinger You went about talking about a gibbet for bn!':iness men who of per pective prosperity!' According to his own statements protested against being dtiven out of business by a bad indus- upon the floor of this House ·he has long been engaged in the trial policy. " blowing" business, and no one in touch with the activitie:; Was there ever a thing more puerile than to suppose that of the gentleman :fmm New York wm dispute the wisdom of the business men would stop their business and talk hard times for Chief Executive of this Nation in selecting him for the im­ political effect? portant position he now occupies. It has been said that the Was there ever a time when business men more loyally tried fans and blowers manufactured by his concern are the be.5t to make the most of a difficult situation? on the market to-day, nnd there Is no doubt in my mind, from Was there ever a more gratuitous insult to the intelligence what I have heard and read, that the manufactured produces and patriotism of the business men of America thnn to suppose of his factories can, \\ithout loss or waste "blow hot or blow that they would go into bankruptcy for political effect? [Ap­ cold," at the option of the operator. ' plause on the Republican side.] It is but meet and pr-oper that during these torrid davs ut Everybody knows that prices are up the world over. bu iness depression and stagnation that some one thoroughly Everybody knows that high prices are not due to local or famlliar with the prevailing atmospheric conditions should temporary causes. be on hand ready to regulate the fans and blowers in the vari­ Everybody knows that the rapid growth of industrial centers <·us industries of this country. Why not place the Weatl1er in America has pushed on the era of high food prices. Bureau under the supervision of the Department of Commerce? One hundred years ago only 5 per cent of the people lived in But methinks it will take something more than fans illltl towns. Now nearly 50 per cent are congested in cities. blowers to bring back to life the dead and dying industries Some 57 years ago l\Iacaulay, writing to an American cor- throughout the land. Mr. Redfield is a gentleman and a scholar respondent, predicted that- and entitled to the respect and admiration of his countrymen. the time will come when wages wlll be as low and ftuctuate as much Anyone who can face the business men and workingmen of this with you as they do with us. country at the present time and present facts and figures in Then- such a manner as to make them believe that times are prosper­ He said- ous is entitled in after years to a vrominent place in Statuary your institutions will be fairly brought to tho test. Hall. I respectfully suggest that the pedestal be boldly marked You Democrats are urging on the day of low and tluctuating with this inscription: " This statue was made in foreign land::; wages. and chiseled by forehm artisans." And then Macaulay prophesied that- No one ~oubts the sincerity of Mr. Redfield, nor his loyalty to the Amer1Can people; but une is apt to think, and justly so, the day will come when. in the State of New York, ll multitude of people, none of whom luls had more than halt a breakfast or expects that his view of business conditions is in reality from the stand· to have more than half a dinner, will choose a legislature- point of a forejgn observer. During tlle year 1912 the Secretary And be asks- made several interesting speeches in this Honse which were Is it possible to doubt whnt sort ot a legislature wDl be chosen 1 generously punctuated by applause. He drove borne some cold Speaking from the standpoint of a confirmed distrust of a facts. One thing he said strongly impressed me at the time, and democratic form of government, be added: I desire now, through the columns of the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD to extend him my heartfelt thanks. Be it remembered that b~ There will be, I fear. spoliation. The spoliation will 1nereas.e the dLstress: the distress wlll produce fresh spoliation. ~tated ~n a discussion ?f the tariff measure that he was engaged m fo~·e1gn m.anufacturmg, and, to use his own words, " l\Iy con­ Abraham Lincoln once said : cern IS at thiS moment erecting a factory in Canada to manufac­ . If danger ever comes to us, it can not reach us from abroad • it will ture goods in Canada." It is true that he gave several plausible r:xse up from among our elves. ' reasons for engaging in business there, but the one thinG" that Every patriot prays that danger may be averted, and yet you impressed me m-ost wns the fact that the Canadians wer: loyal statesmen deem 1t wise to hasten on the day of lower wages in to the1r own industries, and he caUed especial attention to the the face of a world-wide condition of high food prices. , fa~t _that Grea~. Britain exhibited everywhere these signs: "Buy In the presence of the struggle for life in great industrial cen­ BrJtish goods. And, to further use his language, he says: ters, in the presence of the steady rise in prices the world over "That scheme is worked to the fullest limit all over Great you chatter like children about protection being the sole cause of Bl·itain and is taken ad vantage of, and very properly so by high prices and propose to make the people better off by taking English manufacturers." ' busi~ess a way from American manufacturers and giving it to But there are a few questions that might properly be asked at foreigners; by taking bread out of the mouths of our own people this time. Aside from the preservation of patent rights what­ and feeding it to foreigners. benefits could be derived in Canada by Mr. Redfield's mdnufac­ In the presence of the certainty that hunger and want and turing concern that could not be derived in this country? It cnn desperati9~ would follow from your policies, you went about not be that the esteemed Secretary of Commerce would prefer t.o telling audiences that protection was the exclusive cause of high engage in business under some other flag than the St:.·us and prices and how you were going to make prices lower. Yon have Stripes. It can not be that a free trader would go to Canada in not lowered prkes, but you have lowered the wages of labor order to get protection for a home industry. Certt1inly the fact and lowered the level of American citizenshlp. that Canada has a tariff measure capable of protecting its home yed at good men, was the real reason? If we can find out what it was we wa~es; but you . state-smen met the need by discriminating might be able to improve our own conditions. ~ ' agamst the AmerlC~n fur~er, by prating about the tariff being The fact remains that his concern established a business in the s~Je ca~s.e of b1gh pr1ces, and by forcing down the level of Canada, while not only Canada but eYery other country on the Amencan Cltlzcnship to the level of foreign citizenship. face of the earth is deriving benefits for it own industries at The ~alfwny house of dreams has disappeared, and the the expense of our own people. If Mr. Redfield and the other road this side has Jed all the way downhill. advocates of the so-called Underwood tariff bill could see things The presidential cavalcade. with its outriders of political as they really are, rather than in the perspective, things would soothsayers and jugglers, preceded by the Secretary of Com­ be speedily changed and the wrongs righted. They will be after merce blowing his empty horn of plenty, is passing men out of the next election. wo~k, listless factories, and dissntisfied farmers on its way to I wish to call attention to some of the statements emanating a signboard marked November, 19Lq. [Applause.] from the chamber of commerce concerning our importations and Mr. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman ~xportatlons. 'Ihe increa e of all imports during the month of from Nevada [Mr. RoB:rnTs]. May amounted to $31,000,000. The total imports for the first A HARBINGER 0~ PERSPECTIVE PROSPI:niTY. eight months under the present tnrifi' measure amounted to ~r. ROBERTS of NeYnda.. Mr. Chairman. some very intel'­ $1.288,656,041 as compared with $1,233.519,3G5 for the same estmg figures have recently been given to the country by our period last year. Free merchandise for the same two periods learned and esteemed Secretary of Commerce, and they cer- was respectively $800,214,038 and $683,015,455. Of course, the 11994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ JULY 11,

difference in the figures is not real, but purely psychological. 1\Ir. QUEzoN's speech is as follows: Our total exports for the first eight months during the same TllE ou·ry OF THE UNITED STATES TO THE FILIPINO PEOPLE. period amounted to $161,732,619, a psychological decrease of 1.6.9 "Mr. Toastmaster and gentlemen of the Chamber of Industry, per cent since the previous May. Our total exports were durmg in view of the fact that this is preeminently a gathering of busi­ . the same period $1,64:0,367,305 against $1,786,070,945. But ~en ness men, it would perhaps have been more appropriate had I that is merely a psychological statement sandwiched in With selected for my topic the agricultural, commercial, or industrial theoretical explanations which doubtless will appeal to business conditions in the Philippines. I have, however, decided to touch men in this country. The greatest apology he offers for the upon a loftier subject-the duty of the United States toward present business depression is that commercial depression is the Filipino people. world-wide. That sounds good and may fool some people, but "America11.:; have the reputation of being, and they are, a the great body of American people will look at conditions from practical people, but not, I am convinced, ' practical ' to the their own standpoint rather than through the glasses of some extent of sacrificing their sense of national rectitude to the de­ one else. They know that in reality times are bad and that sire to make money. On the contrar), from what I personally theoretical preaching will not fill their empty dinner pails. The know of the characteristics of Americans, in addition to what American people believe that business, like charity, should begin is to be gathered from their history, I betieve that much as at home, and will from this time forth fight for the protective they, being human, take a fancy to the pleasant twinkle of a principles of our forefathers. Let us throw the arms of protec­ double eagle, the feeble blaze of gold is, and I hope will always tion around our varied industries and preserve them from the be, as · nothing compared with the steady light of patr1otisn;t. onslaught of an unequal competition based wholly upon a dif­ which has ever been the American's guide in political as well ferent scale of wages and a lower standard of civilization. Let as econ:mic affairs. You Americans refused to pay a nominal us use the slogan, " Buy American-made goods," and do some­ duty on tea, and yet were ready to spend every cent and sacli­ thing to encourage the business men of this country to invest fice every man in this land to uphold your principle that 'taxa­ their money in home industries and to increase the size and the tion without representation is tyranny.' You would not give number of pay envelopes on pay day. The Secretary of Com­ one cent for tribute, but millions for defense. You waged merce admits that the net export balance for the current fiscal among yourselves the bloodiest war of modern times because of year will exceed $400,000,000, approximately $250,000,000 less the doctrine that no nation can endure half slave and half free. than that of last year. What has become of that balance. gen­ You must therefore consider not only the cold question whether tlemen, and whither are we drifting? But we are accustomed the Philippine Islands, looked upon as a national investment, to hearing explanations and apologies and can expect to hear pay or do not 'pay,' but the additional question-by far the it them during the rest of the present administration. In fact, more important of the two~what the nature of the duty of the might well be termed "An apologetic administration." Methinks United States toward the people of the islands really is. the administration doth apologize too much. We have apolo­ "Fortunately for you in this case, duty goes hand in hnnJ gized and lwwtowed, kowtowed and apologized, to very nearly with your pecuniary interests. every nation on earth, for very nearly everything under the sun, " The days when nations considered themselves free to do and have made ourselves the laughing stock of the civilized with and to one another as they pleased are, thank God, O\er. world, and according to latest reports there are three or four No decent public opinion would to-day countenance the nnke•l more apologies incubating. A few more apologies, gentlemen, proposition that a stronger nation may, simply because of its and the American people will excuse you from further service strength arbitrarily impose its will on a weaker. No one now and let you go home; but before you go, in the name of human­ dares to' deny that the moral laws which bind individuals in ity, apologize to the American people for the awful ruin you their intercourse are equally binding upon nations. One nation have wrought [Applause.] dealing with another is expected to carry out its promi es, if Mr. FITZGERALD . .Mr. Chairman, a number of associations specific promises are made; or, in the absence of speci~l ?Om· are being formed all over the United States for membership, in pact, to maintain an attitude suggested at once by the prmc11>Ies which I commend the Members on the Republican side of the which form the bulwark of its political existence, and by the House. The motto of these associations is: " Boost, don't law of nations. knock." [Laughter.] " Gauged by the foregoing ideas the duty of the United S~a~es . The only trouble with this country is the continual knocking to the Philippines is plain: Congress should enact a law gtvrng of the calmnity howlers who are in the minority in the Govern­ the Filipinos their independence. The reasons are these: ment of the United States. My prophecy is that the next "First. That this country has promised, both expressly and election will eliminate the most vociferous of them from public by implication, to withdraw its sovereignty from. the Philippine life. I ask unanimous consent that my time be extended 30 Islands-by implication, when upon the declarat10n of war be­ minutes. tween the United States and Spain the Government of the The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The United States asserted that that war was not waged for terri­ Chair hears none. torial aggrandizement or commercial expansion; e:x;pressl~, in Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman that the past Republican and the present De~ocratic adrnt~is­ from Illinois [.Mr. TAVENNER]. trations have both declared it to be · the policy of the Umted l\fr. TA VE~NER. Mr. Chairman, since the Democratic Party States to give the Filipino people their independence when they has been in power in the Philippines we have ·occasionally can establish and maintain a government of their own compe­ heard grumblings of discontent from certain gen~lemen in this tent to discharge its obligations both domestic and foreign. country and in the Philippines which seem to anse out of the " Second. That the fundamental propositions upon which the fact that that great man and Democrat, Gov. Gen. Burton Har­ Declaration of Independence was based and from which it ac­ rison formerly a distinguished Member of this Honse, is gov­ quires its obvious justification are these two great an~ compl~­ erning those far-off islands in the interest of the ·Filipino people mentary principles: (1) That all Governments derive thmr instead of in the interest of the Sugar Trust, the Harvester just power from the consent of the governed, and (2) that the Trust, and Republican politicians. right is inherent in every people to establish such government The ring of disgruntled ones is composed mainly of a group· as to them shall seem best. .. of controlled newspapers, trust magnates, and former office­ " How could you then impose your government upon the ~Ill­ holders in the Philippines, who are up in arms because the n~w pinos and call the action just when its powers are not denved administration has interfered with and reversed the old pohcy from the consent of the governed? How can you deny to the of exploitation of the Philippines and the Filipinos. Filipinos the right to establish such government ~s . to them Gov. Gen. Harrison is sincerely endeavoring to get the Fili­ shall seem best and yet remain true to your own prmc1ples? pinos ready to take charge of their own government, and it is "Under these principles and in the light of those solemn only to be expected that there should be a wail of anguish go promises, could you now, if you would, turn around becnuse of heavenward from special privilege. the insidious campaign of a few interested persons an?. for­ The fact is, however, that the Filipino people realize the new ever retain the Philippines under the pretext of some rellg10u~, administration in the Philippines has their interest at heart, scientific or other alleged beneficent motive? Would you. if and they are glad indeed that there has been a change of ad­ you could, do a thing that would place upon yo~1r histor~ an indelible stain? The answer of e¥ery self.-re pecting Amencun ministration. They bless the day it came. can be but an energetic ' no ' to those questions. In this connection I wish to insert in the RECORD a speech POLITICAL CAPACITY OF THE FILIPIXOS. delivered by the Hon. MANUEL L. QUEZoN, Delegate to the United States from the Philippine Islands, before the Chamber "But it is said this ls a settled matter; the Filipinos will of Industry at Cleveland, Ohio, April 14. Mr. QUEZoN's work most as~uredly ha;e their independence; it is only a questio11 of in this country for the earliest possible independence of the time· they will be free in five or four or perhaps th1·ee gen­ islands is known to every Member of this Congress, in which erati~ns if at that time they wish to be free from us. I..et body he is held in the highest esteem. • me tell 'those who thus speak that the question of time is all CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. · 11995 important here. Those who :promise an independence to be the first place, when we judge other people's affairs it is well granted when you and I n.nd our sons and grandsons are all ro Temember that p!n'Ugraph of the 'Scriptures which tells us, in dead and properly buried are either insincere and too shrewd effect, that we should be fully aware of the beam in our own to di close to the .American people the real purpose which under­ eye before commenting on the mote in that of our neighbor. lies their protestations, or, if they are honest, they have been What nation on the face of the earth has been free from internal fooled. Indeed, for all practical purposes, in so far ns the disorders or revolution? What nation can say that it will ever American and the Filipino peoples are now concerned, to prom~ be free from this, the most dreadful calamity that can befall ise that the Philippines shaH be free in the course of the next any country? hundred or seventy-five years is tantamount to an asserttcm "In the second place, let me give you some points respect­ that the islands are permanently annexed to the United States. ing the principal -differences between conditions in Mexico "What would that promise amount to when you. who mak~ and conditions in the Philippines, which may explain why we it. shall not redeem it, and we, to whom the promise is m::~de, confidently expect that that whieh is going on in the distressed shall not Jh·e to see it realized"! .Can you by your pledge bind Republic of Mexico will not happen in the islands if free from generations yet unbom? the control of the United States. I am making no invidious "But, the objectors assert, the Filipinos are not ready and comparisons, but merely stating facts. Mexico acquired its will not be ready for self-government for years and ye.'trs to independence from SpAin by force of arms. and previous to come. This talk of independence is all folly. It is bot the that time the people of l\:Iexico took no part in the government cry of a few Filipino politicians, who, disguised as patriots, of their counh•y. Despotic foreign nbsoJutism was the kind of desire to get power in their hands in order that they mny en­ government that prevailed in Mexico until then. Once inde­ slaYe and exploit their own people, but who will not he able to pendent. a democratic form of government was established. maintain any kind of government. because they will soon be The change was so radical that the failure of the new go\ern­ cutting each other's throats in a rna{} scramble for office. ment was ineYiblble. Moreover, the great majority of the "To this the Filipinos unanimously say: We all want independ­ people (upon which democratic goyernments must depend) ence and are entitled to it. The argument <>f Filipino inca­ did not have either education or property, n.nd therefore did pacity for self-government is hypocritical. It is th~ veil with not possess those qualifications leading to the maintenance of which the American officeholder covers his desire to keep his public order and of Jaw. To this day knowledge and wealth place. It is the ambush behind which lurks the company which are still the monopoly of the few. In the Philippines, on the monopolizes our hemp and the sugar interest, which have contrary, the majority of the people are literate and prop­ already acquired, in defiance of an act of Congress. 65.000 aeres erty owners. Besides, we have been practicing the art of self­ of land in one tract, and are ready to get more if gh·en time government for 15 years under American supervision. During and opportunity. Or at best it is the wish father to the thought this time we have been electing our provincial and municipal of some American missionaries or churchmen who mistakenly officials. members of our assembly, lilld. although the political think that they can make more converts .among the wild ~n campaigns in the Philippines are heated, we have abided by of the Philippines if they are backed by American soldiers. the results of the elections or have gone to the courts with "Our adversaries proceed: The masses of the people in the our protests. We have never resorted to ums to settle any Philippines are in such a state of dense ignorance that they confrov("rsy. Now. gentlemen, these are precisely the condi­ know nothing and care less about independence. Those people tions thnt giTe -stability to a democratic go-vernment-an inte11i­ are . emicivilized, if not entirely savages. Some of them eat gent and property-owning electorate habituated to respect the dogs, and fur proof we refer you to the St. Louis Exposition, wUI of the majority. where Igorots were exhibited engaged in that toothsome pas­ ~'But after all is said and done, the question as to the FiUpinp time. As further proof of the deplorable condition of those capacity for self-government can be satisfactorily answered people behold the • moving' and : nonmo~ng' pictv:res of only by a practical showing. naked natives armed with bows and arrows and spears. It PRESWENT WILSO~'S POLICY. would be a pity to see this people adrift. The Government -of the United States alone can civilize them, and it must. f-or the "President Wilson has undoubtedly realized this fact, for sake of humanity, undertake and carry to its :successful termi­ he has adopted a policy whereby the question can be settled in nation this altruistic work. the only practical way. After reaffirming the oft-avowed policy ".Again the Filipinos answer: We know that we are a civil­ that Independence i3 the goal toward ·.vhich you would move as ized people and have been civilized for .300 years. We know rapidly .as the safety and permanent interest of the people of that there are only 600,000 non-Christians in the Philippines. the Philippines would permit, the President has nppointetl a while there are 7,000,000 Christians, 65 per cent of whom were majority of Filipinos in the Upper Honse, thus giving us the literate before American occupation, and at least fully 75 per control of both branches of our legislature so that we may fully cent of whom now are. We know that we had a university in show our legislative capacity. 'fhe Governor General of the the Philippines even before Harvard Universit:" was established Philippines at the same time, in har~.ony with the policy of the and that now we have two. We know that we had 1,674 public President, is appointing Filipinos to responsible administrative schools before American occupation, distributed among VOO positions. If, in this t("st, the Imipjnos il.l'e successful, the towns, and now we have 4,404. We know that we had col­ speedy end of your occupation of the islands should come. If leges in eYery important capital city and several in Manila the li'ilipinos f.ail, there will be .a halt, nnd friends of colonial­ for both men and women before American occupation, and thnt ism may claim, at least, a temporary victory. now the numb-er has greatly increased. We know that there "Is there any fair person who could object to such a policy? are Filipinos !n the supreme court of the islands-the chief If our opp_onents are sincere in their contention that they ob­ justice being one of them-who are at least equal to their ject to our freedom only because we are not fit to be free. why American associates. We know .that hnlf of the judges of the should they object to this practical test? If we are really in­ court of first instance -are Filipinos. We know that all the jus­ capable of assuming ond exercising any go"\"ernmental power, is tices of the peace are Filipinos. We know that the municipal not this the surest and quickest wny of finding it out? I must and provincial governments are administered by Filipinos admit that this policy did not altogether suit the ~ilipinos. We elected by Filipino Yoters. We know that the Phllippine As­ expected and hoped for a more decisive step than this. We con· sembly, the lower honse of the legislature, is composed entirely strued declarations made by the Democratic leaders and con­ of Filipjnos, also elected by Filipino Yoters; and we know that tained in the Democratic platform us meaning the immediate it permitted to eleCt the upper house of the legislature we enactment of a Jaw eut would grant Philippine independence would elect senators who would be eqnnl to their task. We as soon ns the Democrats c~1me into •JOwer. And we were the know that we could elect a president who would be at least as more prepnred to construe the platform thus. bec:mse. in our : wise and patriotic as any chief executive the Presldant of the ·opinion. no further teJt of our political capacity was necessary United States could appoint over us. considering that during 15 years of Republican administration we hnd successfully handled each new administrative task sub­ DIFFERa..,CBS BETWEEN ~ICO AND THE PIDLIPPINES. mitted to our control. Yet in spite of our natural aud justifia!Jlo "Finally our opponents end this controYersy by exclaimtng, anxiety to obtain our independeuce without delny. having abso­ Behold l\1exico to-day. If you make the Philippines independ­ lute faith in the honesty of purpose of your great President ent, another 1\Ie.'dcan situation. which would perplex the Gnited whom we all admi.re and love, we have Cetermined patiently to States wi~h a l>epetition of the 'watchful waiting' policy, is nbide by his decision :md hnve been willing to await nnd give sure to anse. him tbe time to Jbserve the results of the test to which he has "This Mexican -argument seems -eff'ecti\e nowaiiays. I do not just put us. But our op~onents were not prepared to adopt a know much about Mexico and the causes that lay at the root similar atti~ude. Why? Simply because they feared the out­ of this unfortunate disturbance in that Republic. But there come. Tlley know that in this trial the Filipinos will be success­ is something I can say in connection with this argument. In ful and they are not ready to give us a fair chance. 11996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

MALICIOUS CAUPAIG~ · AGAI~ST IXDEPE~DE~CE . ·· son upon his arrival at Manlla, because the fame or his riPHILIPPINE LEGISLATURE A St'CCESS. jority of FiJipinos to the connnission. They called this step "The conditions existing in · the islands prior to the in-. revoiutioLary and predicted every calamity for the islands in nngui·ation of President Wilson's policy are set forth by Gov. conseque~ce. Gen. Harrison in his first message to the PhiliJ)pine Ll'gi !; la- . GOV. HARRISO~'S ACCOMPLISHME~\TS. ture in the following words: "From June 30, 1908, when the surplus in the Insular treasury '' Tilen when the present Governor General sent by President was Pl7,490,894.97, the surplus has fallen as of June !lO. 191:~. to ' Wilson tried in earnest to carry out the policy of his superior P14 230,220.23. Of this sum, however, about P5,000.000 Is only by gi\ing the Filipinos opportunity to show their administrati-ve nom'inally available, it being invested in supplies and having been car- _ ried to the surplus account in 1911, thus leaving an actual cash sur­ capacity, these same persons stopped at nothing short of per­ plus in band at the conclusion of the last fiscal year of only about sonal insult in their effort to discredit the governor. Gov. P9.000,000. Harrison found upon his arrival in the Philippines a bureau­ "This shrinkage in the available surplus of the govemment has come about notwithstanding the fact that during this period of four r ears cratic, top-hea-ry governn~ent, and he has substituted for It a the sum of P6,000,000 has been obtained by the sale of an issue of simpler more scientific, and less expensive one. He fow1d that public-works bonds and expended out of the treasury, and notwith­ standing the further fact that a little less than tbt·ee and a h!llf offices ~bich could and sht uld be filled by Filipinos were unnec­ million pesos from the gold standard fund bas during this period passed essarily in the hands of Americans, notwithstanding the promise through the treasury in the same way. • * c: of his predecessors that mch offices would be given to the •· Our treasury is therefore obviously appl'oaching ::1. point where a deficit of four and a half million pesos confronts us. How, then, shall natiYes of the islands, and he proceeded to redeem these pledges. we avoid this deficit and restore the finances of our govemment to a He found an extravagant government, whose outlay exceeded normal and !"elf-supporting condition? In my judgment, but one course ' its income, and he placed it on a self-supporting basis. He is open • * * and that is economy of the most drastic kind. "A considerable burden is also laid upon the tt·easury by the ltu- ~ e . found the faith of the Filipino· people in the representatives of proportion of American employees in this govemment. While the the .American Government in the islands shaken, both because enunciated policy bas been to reduce this number as rapidly as po Si­ of this extravagance and of a general failure to fulfill promises. ble consistent with the demands of fairness and efficiency, the la st annual repot·t of the bureau . of civil service shows that there were He proceeded to restore the confidence of those people in the more Americans having a permanent status in the Philippine civil United States, so that to-day, as never before, you have your service in 1912 than in any pt·evious year since 1905. best f1·iends in the people of the islands. "We find moreover, that as incident to highly cenh·alized bureau­ cratic uovernment a number of offices have been created and flalal'ies "How-bas this patriotic and statesmanlike endeavor of Gov. have been raised without, what seems to me to have been, due au­ Harrison .been recei"red by the opponents of Philippine inde­ thority of law; and as further inevitable result of burcaucmcy, he1·e pendence? The an wer is to be found in the public prints. as elsewhere, too many offices now exist. "A further and perhaps considerable savln'"' mi"'bt be effected by a The governor has been accused of demoralizing the service, of change in our method of appropriation; goo-d usage elsewhere commends "kicking out" American employees, of creating anti-A.mericau to us a system of direct treasury appropriations." sentiment in the island . of having produced depression in busi­ "The situation after the first session of the legislature when ness-in a word, of bringing about a chaotic sHuation there. in both branches thereof Filipinos alone, with the exception 9f " I shall not impo e upon your kindness by wasting your time the Governor General, were seated, it described in the following and mine in answering these biased and self-interested critics. message of the governor to the legislature at the· closing day Enough for me to say that no man in \\hatever position or of of its session: "·bate>er nationality was eYer gh-en by the Filipino people such " Gentleman of the Legislature, nearly four months ago I a(!­ a magnificent reception as was tendered to ·Gov. Gen. Harrl- dressed you for the first time, l came to you then '"lth high expecta- 191'!·. CON GRESS'! ON AL _RECORD-_ HOUSE. ; -· 11997

tlons of your legtslatlve abiUty; those expectntions bave now been Mr. DO NOV AN. Mt·. Chairman, I think the time has come justified. During the regular session which has just elaps_ed your labors for thE: public welfare have been earnest, Industrious, and effi­ when I ought to make a point of order that there is no quorum cient. Your cour·se bas . been one of- progress and economy of the present. public moneys. Many laws of great importance have be~n enact!'d. l\Ir. FITZGERALD. I hope the gentleman will not do that Among th!'se is the genet·a I appropriation act for . the current expendi­ tures of the government. the first to become law since 1910. This yet. act effected many reforms in the fabric of this government. and has Ur. DONOVAN. You are overdoing this thing. We have met with widespread approval. Peace and prosperity throughout the listened all this afternoon, and not one. word has been said on islands and tranquillity of the public mind bear evidence of this ap­ proval. The President of the United States has expressed his appre­ the subject rna tter. ciation, and the Secretary of War baS' sent the following message: Mr. ll,ITZGERALD. I want to yield to the gentleman from "'I congratulate you upon the passage for the first time in three California 10 minutes, otherwise it may be fatal. I yield tQ years of a general appropriation bill and on the fact that the bill was passed unanimously by both houses. I have no doubt but that tbet·e the gentleman from Ca.liforrua [.Mr. RAKER]. were, as to a gr~at many features, differences of opinion. but it is a Mr. RAKER. Mr. Chairman, I am going to speak on tlle source of satisfaction to the department that such differences were bill H. R. 9017, transferring ' the control and jurisdiction of satisfactorily adjusted. Please extend to both houses of the Philippine · Legislature my congratulations on this event and expr!'ss to them my Alcatraz Island and the buildings thereon from the War De­ hope that thls is but an indication of what may be expected in the partment to the Department of Lab9r. I will read the bill: future.' · " The art of government is in many respects the Wghest of the A bill (H. R. 9017) transferring the control and jurisdiction of Alcatmz sciences. You have already demonsh·ated the ability of a legislature Island and its buildings thereon from the Department of War to the composed almost enth·ely of Filipinos to enact difficult and progressive Department of Labor. legislation. In the days to come you will maintain the high standard Be it enacted etc., That Alcatraz Island and all its buildings thereon, you ba ve already raised. . now undet• the control and jurisdiction of the Department of Wa!:,. and " This is the testimony of a competent and unbiased observer. now used as and known. designated as, and called the United ;:states military prison on Alcatraz Island; Cal., be, and the same hereby is Gov. Harrison, before going to the Philippines, was the ranking transferred to the Department of Labor, to be nsed by the Bmeau or1 Democratic member of the Ways and .Means Committee of the Immigration and Naturalization, the said Alcatraz lsl;:md· and all tts House of Representatives. His ability and patriotism was unan­ buildings thereon to be hereafter under the exclusive control and juris­ imously conceded by both Senators and Representatives, who diction of the Department of Labor. had every reason to know him intimately, because for many The bill was amended by the Committee on Military Affairs, years be bad been working with them, and when appointed gov4 and, as amended, reads as follows: ernor of the Philippines he was paid a tribute by the Senate and Be it enacted, etc., That Alcatraz Island and all buildin~, machinery, by the House seldom, if ever, given to other officials. His nomi­ and improvements thereon, now under the control and JUrisdiction of nation was not only unanimously approved in the Senate, but the Department of War, and used for and known as the Pacific branch, United States military prison, on Alcatt az I slant!, Cal., be, and the was confirmed within 24 hours after it wns sent in, contrary to same hereby is, except as herein otberwh=e provided, transferred to the the practice of that body. In the House of Representatives both Department of Labor to be used by the Bureau of Immigration as an Democrats and Republicans joined in the indorsement of the immigration station or for such other uses as may be provided for by law. The said Alcatraz Islandi together with all buildings. machinery, -appointment. This is what the Republican leader, .Mr. l\I.AJ.~N, and improvements thereon, sha I be hereafter under the exclusive con­ said of this appointment: trol and jurisdiction of the Department of Labor, subject to the provi­ sions of the act of Congress appl'Oved September 28, 1850, providing " Mr. Speaker, in this connection and in behalf of this side of the for a lighthouse at AJcatraz Island. House I desire to congratulate the President and the country upon the appointment of Francis Burton Harrison to the high position of gov­ Tbe amendments were in accordance with the departments' ernor of the Phlllppine Islands. I beli!'ve that no bettet• selection could have been made out of the t>ntlre population of the United States. and recommendations, both War and Labor. that the action of the President is a guaranty to the countr·y that the This bill has been thoroughly considered by the Committee Philippine question will receive careful and honest consideration. on Military Affairs, and the object and purpose of it is to trans­ H The American people may well accept the judgment of the fer Alcatrnz Island and the buildings thereon now used for a present Governor General as to the capacity of the Filipino peo­ military prison to the Department of Laboi' for an immigration ple. Reasoning from that j~dgment, we have apparently come station. The island is about 2! miles from San Frnncisco, to the point when the-Filipino people may properly ask the Con­ and there are buildings on it that have cost the Go'\"ernment gress of the Unite>d States to enact a bill now recognizing Phil­ $756,3u6.64. These buildings are in splendid repair. The island ippine independe?c~. . is at the entrance of Golden Gate, where every one sees it as they enter. It is in plain view of the exposition grounds and INDEPENDENCE WILL BENEFIT AMERICA.'l TAXPAYERS. about 1! miles distant. It has been used for a military prison "I said at the beginning of my remarks that the granting of -since 1864. The War Department bas maintained a military independence, which is demanded by your duty toward the Fili­ prison there. but they realize that they can maintain them pino people,' would also be to your financial ·interest, and this I cheaper on the mainland. These convicts for smaller offenses am prepared to prove. True it is that if the Philippines were are sent there, while the convicts for sm·erer offenses go to free there ·wunld be fewer and ultimately no American ·office­ McNeill Island and l<'ort Russell. This will cost the Govern­ holders in the islands; true it is also that there would be more ment not 1 cent. It simply transfers it to the Department of difficulty for certain American trusts in • cornering' our prod­ Labor for an immigration station. ucts; but it ~~ also true that the American people would not 'Ibe buildings wil1 be ready to be used at once by the immi­ have to bear the burden of fortifying and defending the Philip­ gration station. The immigration station is now located on pines, an undertaking which casts not a cent less than $40.- AngeJ Island, some distance from San Francisco. They ha\e 000,000 yearly, millions which, although rich people like you there wooden buildings, and while it is a nice location, it is can well spare, should be spent in · this country · or left in the wholly insufficient. It is now used for Asiatics and others. but pocket of Lhe American taxpayer. Your separation from the when the canal is opened there will be a great influx of immi­ Philippines will at once relieve you of the only weak point gration, and the idea is that this island and the buildings be where you could easily be stricken iri case of war. _ turned over to the Department of Labor. ''There are those, howaver, who assert that by holding the I want to call the attention of the House particularly to Philippines you get the benefit derived from having a market the fact that the War Department asked for this transfer, and for your surplus and a field whe.refr.om you can buy your. needed it has so reported. The Bureau of Labor wants the island and tropical products. Why should you lose your trade on accouut the buildings for an immigration station. The Committee on o~ our national freedom is more than I can comprehend: - It otir l\Iilitary Affairs have reported favorably upon the bill. trade is profitable to you now, why should not it be when gov­ It is now upon the calendar, and at the first opportunity I ernmental ties between us are cut? Is it perchance because get-to-night, if I can:-I am going to ask if the House will not while under your control you are taking undue advantage of us? p~rmit the bill to be taken up and passed. so that it can go No; certainly not. Is it because our. trade is regulated by. laws to the Senate, to the end that the Department of Labor may mutually beneficial to us? Why can not the same trade regu­ begin work at once upon the arrangement of their plans out lations be ·established by treaty b'etween the Republic of the there, to ha\e the thorough use and benefit of these magnificent United States and the Republic of th~ Philippines? If you give buildings, that will otherwise be unused. the Filipinos their Uberty, there will be nothing that they will ·Alcatraz Island is in the Bay of San Francisco, Cal., about not gladly concede to yJu. You will have not only their trade 2 miles from the mainland and in a direct line with the Golden but their gratitude, and you will not only benef!t yourselves and Gate. It has been occupied for many years by the Depart­ them but you will have given then the last touch to the work m(mt of War as a· military post, and more recently as a United for the. liberation of mankind you began in 1776. America's States military prison. The prison building was authorized in flag may then cease to fly over our public buildings, but her in­ the sundry civil act fqr the fiscal year 1908, and appropriations fluence will be our: inspiration·, and we and our children will therefor were made in that year and the years 190!) and 1010 in bless the day when Dewey entered the Bay' of.l\Ianila." · the aggregate of $250,000.

LI--756 11998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 11,

The buildings nre Jn fine sllape. hnve sepnrnte compnrtments. WAn DEPARTMR~T. and provisions for ench room. with ventilation, and I nnve Washington, Octobe-r 21, 1913. Hon. JOliN' t!J. RAKER, M. C., \)een ad,-: ed by the Commissioner General of Immigration. House of Representati v ~. Wash!notou, D. 0. who bas gone all o>er the United States. thnt so far as use for DEA.R Mll. RAKER: I bavt> tbe bi:>nor fo acknowledge the receipt or that purpose is concel'Ded there are no buildings anywhere in your letter of October 11, 19ta. making certain inquiries concerning the United States better equipt}ed. the United States military prison at Alcatraz. Cal. In reply I have the honor to inclose herewith the information yon I wnnt to Cflll attention particularly to the fact that here ts desire and to tnform yon. wUh refl"rence to your ninth inquiry, that hll expenditure of some $iOO.OOO that can be turned O\'er and the War Department has no objection to the transfer of Ang-el lslnnd used by the Immigration ~ervice. It is estimated that the co. t and Its buildings to the Bureau of immigration and Natnralizatlon. to be used as it st>es fit, provided it can make satlst'actory arrangements ~f the l:1bor of these prisoners on ~e work was $191,498.20. with that department. The military authoritfe have been contemplating the with­ Very truly, yours, LumLEY 1\I. G ARRtsow, drawal of the prisoners from the island for a number of year:;;. Secretary of War. :U was felt thnt they could be transferred to the mainland, and WAR DEPAnnm:.'ll'T. 21e cost of administration would be materially reduced. The THl!l AD.JUTAXT GENERAL'S OB'FTCB. transfer contemplated by this bill will mean a saving to the (Memorandum for tht> Chlt>t' of Stall'.) Government of a considerable sum eacb year. so far as the Snbject: Pacific branch. United StatPs military pri on. Alca.traz, Cal. military establishment is concerned, to say nothing about the 1. Number of acre, in Alcatraz L land. about 12. 2. All of the grounds used for prison purpo. es. great sa,·ing to the Goyernment of using it as an immigration 3. There are no butldlng on tbe g1·ounds not pertatnln~ to the pl'l~on. station instead of going and ::>uying land and buildings that wiil 4. A copy of a report of the quartermastet· of the pri on. dated cost half a million or more~ and that would not be as good l;lS August 27, HH3, containing inforlilation desired relative to the build­ ings. is herewith. theRe buildings that we- have already got. 5. No information available In the office of Tbe ABJutant General or It will be necessary to have an adequate immigration station of' the Chief of the Quartermastt>r Cot"ps. to meet tbe necessities of the situation. The buildings on 6. Cost o! the buildings, as shown by report referred to above, $756,· 356.64. Alcntraz Island are fireproof, sanitary, nnd modern in e"ery 7. The fleo:r space on the wharf ts 18,170 sqmlTe teet. CoRt, $4:1-.067, respect. If these buildings were to be continued as a military is includ.-d in amount given in answer" to QUE'~tien No. 6. Whart i be· prison, there is no doubt that the Government would be com­ neved to bP in servlceablt> r:ondition. no estimates for rPpalrs having been rec-eive-d in the office or the Clllef of the Quart rmaster Cot•ps. pelled to construct additional buildings on Angel Island for thP 8. Distance !'rom wbarr on Alcatrnz ·Island to tbe wbarf at F'ort use of the Immigration Service at considerable cost to tile Mason is about 1 a miles; e.1.a.ct distance unltnown. Oistan<.-e from tbo Government. wharf on Aleatraz Island to the ferry buDdlng at the foot of M arket StTeet, San Franctsco, is about 3 miles; exact distance unknown. The I desire to get that fact fully before the Members of the length of time th>lt would bP consumed by ferryboats between the e Honse. At practically no cost or expense, the Department of places is not known in this ofike. B. 0. s. HF.l~TANO, Labor is rendy to take charge. They are anxious to do it; and AdJutant GeneraJ • we would like to hnve it in shape at as early a date as we can. . 1 trust the Members of the House may see their way clear to permit this btn to go through. Date or Cost to No. erec­ Title. Materials or coll31.ruction. dan?. Mr. FITZGERALD. Is that to take care of the AsiaticS' that tion. the gentlemun expects to come into California? If not, where are the immigrants going to come from who will use this 4 1901 f1uarterm3Ster's storohou~e. . Frame •••. •••••• ~- .•• ·-••.. ~.2,00~.34 station? 5 1~87 Quar ' term.a~oor'9 wac;oTt sht>d •...•. ilo • ...... 67 . Ql) Mr. RAKER. They claim now that there are 200.000 who 6 IS 7 Qn:utni'ID!l<>t~>r's stable. ..•.• . __ ... lio ••••.• ~- ...... 1,57- .67 7 1381 Offic('rs' qnart~>rs ••...... ••.. Brick round~t i on ... --·:··· 5,926.14 have already engaged their passage and paid for it to land in 8 i&iO f'ommandant':<~ querters ••.•. J'r~o o.tl bnck foll';ldution.. 8.723.00 San Francisco in 1915 from Europe. No Asiatic. We want 9 lP. l Officers' qn~rs ••••••••••••••••• do ...... 6,~1.00 them excluded for all time. 10 ISS2 Old ho ~ rit3.1 building. •...... •••. dfl ...... ~.'19l.!¥.J 12 ]SJg Noncommissioned o1licers' . .. • do ...... - 2,S62.00 Mr. FITZGERALD. They must be a pretty prosperous class sloo.ping qnartm. if they engage their passage two years ahead. 13 18/i, •.•• do ...... ~H···········- ..... do ...... 3,322.00 14 181'9 . • _.. do . .•. __ ..•....••••. •.•..••... no .• • •••••••••.••.•••.• 3,:ll3". 00 Mr. RAKER. We are advised thnt that is the fact. 15 1875 Ci>ilianemployee'>' quarters ...... do ...... 3,32R.OO Mr. FITZGERALD. I sup-pose that is because of the grtmt 22 Old prison or chapel building. Brick .. -· .. ~ •••••••••••••• 1,200.00 era of prosiJCrity thttt this country is going to enjO"y under this 25 1900 Tool hou'le .•. ·----··-···---· Frame .. --·····--······--·- 527.00 28 1882 Quartermaster and mb-;i t· Frome ·with btick found:v 5,9M..OO Democratic a dm1nistrnti on. ence storehouse and o illce1- tion. 1\lr. RAKER. I think so. 33 1863 Wharf .•.••••••••.••••••••••. C. I. pile; won1 fioor ••••••. ~.007.00 Mr. FITZGERALD. And new-s of it has already spread to 36 1895 Coal sheds ...... _...... Frame ...... ~. 000.00 38 1872 BoathoullG ...•..••.•••••...•••••• d{) ...... ~50 . 00 tb.e innermost points of Europe? 39 190! Old po1t bakery (now civilian··- .-nt and foundation. e5 1910 Poot ttcha.n.ge ...... _ Reinforced concreto walls ~.700.00 Mr. RAKER No. Look back to the beginning of immigra­ and foundations. tion. and the gentleman will see that when there was no pros­ 66 19U Morgue ..• _ • . • . •• •• . . • • • • • • • Reinforood concreto ••.•.. _ t00.0) perity in this country and hard times were upon us, immigra­ 67 19U Power planhnd shop build- ••••.do ...... 18,519.00 tion was low; but whenever prosperity Is great tbe immigr-.ttion in~ . ••••.••••••. Ma.ch~1 boilet-3, etc ...... 31,~54 runs u;> from 750,000. and this year It will be 1.300.000. It will 1913 Prison bundin~--. •• . •. • . . . • Rein.for(!ed concrete .•.•. --- Ul,OOO.Ol be more next year. All you ha"e to do is to Jook at the records •••• .•.••.•. Plumbing fixturel, cooking ·········-·-···-·-········-- 60,1XnOJ of immigration, and it gives an indication that the people from apparatus, etc. •••• ···-···· Se-.ver system..~...... Brick1 C. I. pile, and oo;vcr fi, 750. Q,) the Old World, when they lenrn of prosperity in this country · tile. !lnd lP.arn of its splendid conditions and opportunities, come in ...... Fre:ill-wate: system .• ~··--- Wrou:;ht-iron. pipa, ¢- 9,0t5.00 in perfect streams. But when times are hard they do not come. vamzej, ••••••••••• _ Fire and Sll.nitarywater llno3 ...... d()-~ ...... 5,89.t00 There Is no question about it on earth...... Fue! ollline ..•••.•.•.•.•....•....do ....•..•.....•••.•..•• 2,650.00 Mr. CANTOR. They go the other way. • ••••••••••• Fuel o.i. tan!G .•••.••••••.••• Conm-ete and brick...... 3,000.00 Mr. RAKER Certainly. The fonowing letters were re­ • • • • . • • • • • • • Etootric street;.Ji~hting system U nder~oun:i .•...• -.....••. 3,250.00 ··-· ·······- Telephone system ...... Go>crnmen:t •• 3,000.00 ceived from the War :Department by me on this subject: aetialltne3~ 1----- WAR DEPARTMENT, Total ...... ~·- ...... 756,3J6.61 TIIE AD.rUTA.~ T GEXEJJtAL'S OFFI~ TVashingtan, October LS, t9:n. The matter wns taken up with the O.e.pa.rtmeot of Labor, and lion. J"oltli E. R\trER, the fo11owing 1etl4cr was received from Hon. A. Ca,minetti, C(}ID· House of R.epresr.ntativelJ, Washi~rutou, p.. (J. missioner General : DF.AR SIR: Y~•r C'Ommnulcntlon or Oetober 11, '1913, relative to the Pacific branch, { Totted States militaey prison~ Alcatraz._ Cal., in r-el.a­ UNITED S::rA:F&S DEPA.nT fElNT OF LABO~ tloo to the condition of Ak:atraz Island and tne buildings tbereo.n, has BUIU!:AU OF TliHIII<.RATlO'N, been receiv-ed . A proper reterl'nce bas been made in ot·der to enable Washington, Ootober 911, 19~. Ule necessary lnform.atJon to be obtained. As soon as possible you Hon. JottN llJ. RA.xEn, M. C., · will be further advised in the premises. Ho-use of ReJweilentati~-R. Washingtotl, D. 0. Very respectfully, GEO. ANDREWS, MY DElAB. liB. RAKE£: I bnve t-eteen t·efet'l'ed requests the depHrtment to submit, thl'Ough the Speaker adapting these casemates to the purposes of a detention barracks and of the Ilouse, in accordance with Rule XLI of the House Regulations, a will submit them to you upon yonr arrival in San Francisco on July 31. repot·t on this proposition, the matter will be gone into in due course. The advantage of Old Fort Poi~t as a site fot· such a barracks is that Yery truly, your·, it is located on the mainland in reasonable proximity to the large A. C.1:UIXETTI, Commissionet· General. garrison at the Presidio, where the detentioners could be employed on fatigue work, with space within reasonable distance for outdoor in­ 1'he War· Department and Department of Labor made full struction. bill, reports on this and both reports were fa-vorable and are * • • $ * • as follows: " In the event a suitable location on the mainland for a detention WAn DEPARTME:'IT, barracks can be found in San Francisco I recommend further that the Washington, Noliember 11, 1913. authority of Congress be sought for the tl'ansfcr of Alcatraz to the To the CIIAIRlU:-1 CO:Ul!IT'IEE ox MILITARY AFFAIRS, Department of Labor for utilization as an immigrant station.'' 7. What is said above represents the attitude of the department House of Representatives. toward the proposed legislation on the subject to-day. The buildings Srn : The department is in receipt of request of October 28 for in­ on Alcatraz constitute model detention barracks, and the sole objection formation and remark on H. R. 9017, a bill for the transfer of the to continuing it as such is, first, the sentimental one that its promi­ control and jurisdiction of Alcatraz Island and its buildings thereon nence in the harbor advertises in a way unfair to the military sel'vice from the Department of War to the Department of Labor. the discipline of the Army, and, second, the more substantial objection !:!. 1\lore specifically, tbP object of the bill is to transfer the Pacific that there arc not only no facilities for outdoor drill and insh·uction bt·anch of the UnFed States military prison, located on Alcatraz Island, of prisoners confined therein, but prisoners must be transferred con­ Cal., to the Department of Labor for use as an immigrant station. The siderable distances in order that that part of their sentences relating antecedent~> of this proposed legislation are the following. to bard labor may be carried into execution. 3. In a report of inspection made by the Judge Advocate General in For the reasons above stated and for the further reason that great the month of July of this year, the history is given of the establishment economy to the Government will result I recommend the transfer of Qf Alcatmz as a place of conlinement of military prisoners, as follows: the present militarv establishment on Alcatra!ll Island to the Depart­ "PACIFIC BRANCH, UNITED STATES MILITARY PRISON, ALCATRAZ ISLAND, ment of Labor. It will furnish that department with admirable CAL. • facilities for the conduct of its Immigration Service. :• The earliest_ use of Alcatraz as a place of confinement of military In view of the great amouT•t of money which the War Department llaR pl'lsoners of wh1ch I have bePn able to find any record was in 1861- expended in tbe building up of Alcatrazi and the further fact tbut t he 1 63, during which pcr·iod a temporary wooden prison was constl'Ucted modification of Fort Winfield Scott wil amount probably to $30.000, there as a measure of necessity growing out of the Civil War. In the it is -requested, in case the transfer is authorized as herein recommended, fall C?f 1867 the wooden prison appears to have been replaced by one that this amount be transferred to the War Department ft·om the ap­ of lmck. It has been in continuous use as a military prison from 1861 propriations for the Department of Labor, ln order that the War De­ ~o the !?resent time. Th~ island is situated in the Bay of San Francisco, partment may be put to no additional expense in the preparation of a I~ .an u·regulay oblong m shape, roc~y and precipitous on all sides, suitable establit.~nmlnt at Fort Winfield Scott. I believe this is an nsmg to a height of 136 feet above tidewater, and destitute of ve~eta­ entirely reasonable and proper request, in view of the fact that the tion. It has an area of 11.9 acres. It lies directly in the patn of transfer of Alcatraz to the Department of Labor will result in a. saving commerce, and surmounted as it is with the rather conspicuous new to that department of at least $500,000. prison bmlding, i& perhaps mot·e prominent in the view of the incoming Very respectfully, p~ssenget· and more the subject of his inquiry and that of reflidents and LIXDLEY :hl. GARRlSO)<, vtsitors generally than any other object in the harbor. The answer Secretary of lrar. they receive, that it is a prison for the confinement of our military offendershgives an imp1·ession of the character of our enlisted personnel WAR DEPARTME~T. and . of t e discipline of om· Army, which is unfair and unjust to the OFFICE OF THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GE~ERAL, service. In pursuance of the act of March 12, 1907, which authorized Washington, D. 0., Febt·uary :!8, J9J.t,. the Secretary of War to designate bt·anch prisons which, equally with MY DEAR MR. CAMINETTI : My statement to you that the transfer of the military prison at Leavenworth, would be subject to the laws Alcatraz prison would be germane to section 2 of S. 1032 was hased relating thereto, Alcatraz was on March 22, 1907, designated as the upon the theory that legislation transferring the prison was gel'mane Pacific branch of the United States military prison.' The sundry to legislation under which the prison had been created and existed. civil act of l\larch 4 of the same year carried an appropriation of It seems to me that this must be conceded. I do not know. bowever, ~50,000 for reconfltruction, followed by an additional appropriation of that we are called upon to decide that que6tion. If you have p1·epal'ed $100,009 carried in the l'!undry civil act of May 27, 1908, and a further a letter in relation t~ H. R. 9017, you might conclude it with the appropl'lation of $100,000 carried in the sundry civil act of March 4, suggestion that H. R. 9017 might be handled as a separate enactment 1909 i ot· a total recon3truction fund of $250,000, as against $583,000 or incorporated in section 2 of S. 103:.!, leaving it to the commit tee of and '1'60,000 appropriated · about the same time for the reconstruction Congress to judge of the advisability and propriety of such incorpora­ of the main prison at Fort Leavenworth. The reconstruction work at tion. Alcatraz is complete. The prison there, like the one at Fort Leaven­ Sincerely, yours, WOL'th, is the individual cell type, admirable in all its appointments and E. H. CROWDER, furnil'hing accommodations for 600 prisoners.'' J·udge Advocate Geneml. 4. The objections to Alcatraz as a military prison were stated as Hon. A. CAMINETTI, follows: Oommissioner General of Immigration, " It is somewhat dlfficult to understand how the War Department Washington, D. 0. came to reccmmend and Congress to appropriate the large sum of $250,000 for a new prison building on such a site as Alcntraz. Legis­ lation then in force bad laid so many restrictions upon the use that DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, may be made of indoor frison labor (manufacturing) and upon the pur· OFFICE OF THB SECRETARY, chase of tbe products o such labor, that it was even then irr.possible to Washington, March ~. 191~. find continuous indoor employment for prisoners, and the necessity ex­ Hon. JAMES HAY, M. C., isted then as now for extensive facilities for outdoor employment. Chairman Committee on Military Affairs, Modern penology demands such outdoor employment on other &rounds, House of Represel~tati-r;es, Washiflgton, D. C. and I undet·stand that LOnsiderations of this character are ordinarily !'tiY DEAR Sm: Some time since you referred to this depar~ment for. controlling at the pr·esent time in the selection of sites for penitentiaries. report copy of a bill (H. R. 9017) introduced by Mr.• AKER, entitled These considerations apply with much greater force to military prisons "A bill transferring the control and jurisdiction of Alcatraz Island and than to civil prisons. At the time of my inspection of Alcatraz I fdnnd its buildings thereon from the Department of War to the Department that practically all prisoner;; confined there who were not needed in the of Labor." The preparation of the desired report has been delayed domestic administration of the prison were kept vn Angel 131and in a until full opportunity could be bad to investigate the situation and stockade and employed in the new barmck construction now going on at ascertain whether or not the proposed transfer of jurifldiction would that island: also that the custom existed of transporting them back and adequately meet the necessities of the Immigration Set·vice. forth between Alcatraz and other points in the harbor for daily labor as The present immigration station for the port of San Francisco is required. The expense Involved constitutes an additional objection to located on the north side of Angel Island, a distance of about 6 miles .Alcatraz as a prison site." . from the city, necessitating quite an expenditure for the operation and 5. In re pect to the availability of the branch prison at Alcatraz as maintenance of ferry service. The remoteness of the station makes the an immigrant station, report continues as follows: transaction of the public business burdensome and expensive, owing to "I inspected Alcatraz on July 11 in company with the Commissioner the loss of time in going to and fro. The buildings, with the exception General of Immigration and the local commissioner, and upon completion of the power house, are constructed of wood, and. unquestionably con­ of onr inspection of Alcatraz we looked over the present Immigrant sta­ stitute a constant danger to the occupants, owing to their inflammable tion at Angel Island. I am authorized by the Commissioner Geneml of character; the topography of the island upon which they are situated is Immigration to t·eport to you that he is of the opinion that Alcatraz, such as -to t·endet• ::tlmost impossible a convenient arrangement of the lying as it does dit·ectly in. the_ path of commerce, surrounded by deep existing structures or of those which might be erected in future. It is water, and within reasonable distance of the mainland, is admirably conceded by all who have knowledge of the situation that it would be situated for the purposes of an Immigrant station; that the prison con­ an unwise investment to make further improvements and expenditures structed would, with slight alterations, lend itself admir·ably to the for facilities at the present site. _ immigrant service; that the cell sy~tem was unobjectionable, and even On the other band, Alcatraz Island is far superior to Angel Island, appropriate and necessary for certain classes of immigrants received both in point of location and in the facilities situated thereon. While on the western coast ; that the barmck room was admirable in all -its the principal buildings were primarily designed for military purposes, appointments for the higher classes of immigrants. Pt·actically all tbe they are strong, weli built, and those that could be used for housing auxiliary buildings necessary to the immigrant service are found at immigrants as well as for administrative purposes are either fireproof Alcatraz, and ample quarters for officials of that service. The objec­ structures or reasonably so convertible, and they can be adapted to tion urged In this report to Alcatraz as a site for a military prison . immigration purposes by the expenditure of an amount of monev small would not be an objection to a &ite for an immlgt•ant station, but t·atber in comparison to their original cost. The main . building. which is an argnment in its ~ .1yor.'' · capable of housing 600 or 700 inmates, is not excelled for sanitary and 6. 'l;he report concluded with the following recommendations: hygienic .conditions by _any public building in the United States, and iS "I shou~d have no hesitation in recommending the abandonment of wholly fireproof. Alcatraz if there were available m the harbor of San Francisco build­ This island is convenient to the city of San Francisco, being only 1 ~ ings which could be adapted for the purpose of a military detention miles from the northern water front thereof and is easily reached: but llan·acks without too much expense. The commanding general of the it should be remembered that the operation of a ferry would still be 12000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORJJ-.-:.HOUSE~ JuLY ll, reqn:ired. althougb tba numbe-r of. trips coni(} be doubll"d If neeess:ar:v. were &P'Pl'OJlrlated for- tbis pnrpose ln the sundry dvll acts fc~ the thus avoiding the lon17 deJal'S tbat nmv eon orne the time o.f those who fiscal years 1008, 1909, and HHO, as follo·~'S: lave business at Angei Island. and also minimizing ~ dangers. incident to navigation in stormy -weather. f!Scal year 1908------4 $30.000 Contrasted with the l}l't:sent location and facULties, t~ proposed F1scal year 100~------100,000 transfer oi jurisdietion of .Alcatraz presents a well-marked improve­ F1scal year 1910------100.000 ment; in facL there is no C(}mparison between the two properties, and I W(}Uid have no hesitaru::y in rec(}mmending. in lieu of any further Total------230,000 ex~nditure of funds on improvements at .Angel Island, that the matter The several acts. making the appropriations for this work provide that of transfer to Alcutraz be made tb~ subj-ect O"f favorable action. the sum appropriated shall be !':O expended as to J!lve the maximum l desire to add. however, that l would have preferred to see the new amount or employment to the inmates of said Institution. immigration station for the port of San J.i'rnneisco located UJ?OD the The recoi'ds of this office show that the el'timuted coRt of the labor of mainland. providt>d n convenient site was available. although 1t must prisoners on the work in question is l!J1.4!J8.20, which amount It LCJ be :ulmitted that many excelJent reasons have been assigned in favor of thought, should be added to the 2!>0.000 to obtain the actual cost of Alcatraz Island as a saitable location. Su~~estions made that a por­ reconstructing the pr-ison, making a total of 441,498.20. tion of either of the two United States military t·eservations situated Very respectfully, in or near the city of San li'rancisco be secured have proved unavailing, J. ll. ALESIIJilE, as the War Departm nt bas recently stated to a representative of this Quartermaster General, department that no space on either the Presidio or the Fort Mason reservation could be sparetL Taking advantage of a suggestion made Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to extend my re­ in an address b,Y Capt. Robe1-t Do11ar, on my recent visit to San Pran­ marks in the - .ECORD. eisco, with a. vtew to the location of the new station upon ·the main­ The CHAIID!AN. The gentleman from California asks nnnni4 land, thif> d~partment bas gone to the extent of seeking the cooperation mous consent to extend his remarks in the REcoRD. Is there of the Chamber of Commerce of San Fra.n~lsco, with which Capt. Dollar is assoeJ.ated as chairman of the foreign trade committee, with objection? [After a pn u~e.] The Chair hears none. the result tbat after due deliberation by that body, its vice president Mr. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent and general man'lger, in transmitting the views of the chamber, says: "Wnile there are many reasons which would favor a location on the to extend my remarks in the RECORD. mainland. it is our understanding that the tender by the War Depart:­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts m!lkes ment of Aleatraz Island for this purpose offers to the lmmigmtion a request to extend his remarks. in the RECORD. Is there ob· Service the most feasible and available site. We are sore that the present location on .Angel Island is inadequate and inconvenient, and jection? [ Aftl:'r a pause. J The Chair hears none. 1t would be a great step in advance to utilize Ah.'atraz Island for the Mr. FITZGERALD. 1\lr~ Chairnmn, I yield half a minute to pnrpose, and I am therefore instructed by our board of directors to the gentleman from New York [Mr. CoNRY]. express our opinion that Alcatraz Island would get rid of many of the disadvantages that now obtain at the present location. This opinion Mr. CO~RY. I\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to is expressed witllout prejudice to any other sites which may hereafter print in the REcoRD a speech delivered by Repre entatlvc be considered on the mainland." WITH.ERSPOO~ on the Fourth or July in Tammany HaJJ~ New Capt. Dollar, in discussing this report, adds his approval of its con­ tents as follows: York. •• I called a meeting of the directors and member& of the ehamber The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request ot the of commerce, at which time this subject was dlscui!Sed at length. gentleman from New York? [After a pause.] The Chair heu~·s *- • * I have read tbe communication sent from tbe chamber as a result of such meeting. I approve of the action taken." none. and it is so ordered. The depa1·tment is not unmindful of tbe great cost involved in secur- Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, I move that the com­ 1ng a site on the main land in a large city like San Francisco a.nd con­ structing the necessary buildings and accommodations thereon, and tt mittee do now rise. is that fact, not tbe least among many favorable considerations, that The motion was agreed to-. . influences it in agreeing to the transfer of tbe present station to Accordingly the committee rose; :rnd Mr. CANTOR having as4 .Aicatraz Island, where, to a great extent, In addition to sufficient land, all wants of the Immigration Service, with few exceptions, can be im· snmed the chair as Speaker pro tempore, Mr. ADAMSON, Cbair4 mediately provided for at comparatively small expense. Among the man of tbe Committee of the Whole House on the state of the exceptions can be noted a hospital suitable for n station intended to "Gnion, reported that that committee had bad under considera· accommodate both oriental and occidental immi_gratlon. It is proper to suggest that Involved in the transfer there is necessity tion the bill H. R. 17824. the general deficiency bill, and had for an immediate appropriation in the sum of $44,t 10 for the purpose come to no rfliMOlution thereon. of placing the buildings at Alcatraz Island in condition for use by the Immigration Service, a considerable proportion of same being necessary LEAVE OF ABSENCE. for transforming th£ section now eomdstlng of cells in tbe b::ildtngs hith­ By unanimous consent; reave of absence was granted as fol4 erto used as a military prison. It Is uadet-stood that the ransfer can not be effected from the pre ent station until these necessary changes have lows~ been completed. and unless appropriation therefor ts made there ould To Mr. BARNHART, indefinitely, on acCot "as an immigration station or for such other uses as ma,t be provided for by law or regulation approved by tbe 1, A. letter from the Secretary of the Treasm·y, submitting s~retary of Labor." items for consideration in connection with the general deficiency 5. Strike out smllll letter "'t" in the word "the," line 9, and insert bil1 : credits in the accounts of the disbursing clerk of the in lieu tberPof cnoitn.l "T." 6. Strike out, in line 9. thE' words .. and nil its buildings" and insert Treasury Depnrtment. $3.61; vouchers aggregating $2.25. sub­ u to..,.ether with all buildings, machinery, and improvements." mHted by custodian post office, courthouse, and customhouse, r:" Line 7. after the word "is,." insert •• except as herein otherwise Duluth, Minn. (H. Doc. No. 1118) ; to the Committee on Appro· provided." 8. Strike out period after the word "Labor," in une 11,~. and Insert priations and ordered to be printed. the following: ". subject to the provisions of the act of \.:ongress ap­ 2. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a proved September 28. 185{), providing for a lighthouse at Alcatraz Jetter from the Chief of Engineers. report on preliminnry exam­ Island" . .As thus amended. and wtth the eommE'nts above submitted, this de­ ination of Stilagunmi. h lllrer. Wash. (H. Doc. No. 1119): to partment recommends the pas~age of sald measure. the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. In connl-ction with thE' foregoing. and in view of the fact that tbe 3. A letter from the Secretary of Wnr, transmitting, witb a suggestion to tran fer Alcatraz lsland to this dl'partment for use as an immigration station originatt>d in th(' War Df'partmt>nt at the sugge~ letter from the Chief of Engineers, reports on preliminary exam­ tion of Brig. Gen. E. H. Crowder, Judge AdvO"Cate GeneraJ of the Army. ination and survey of Deh1ware River, Camrten. N. J .. from I deem It my duty tn trnol'lmit beret :th a copy of a letter adrtressed by Cooper RiYer to Newton Creek (H. Doc. No. 1120); to the C'nm 4 Gen. ('rowder. on Feb'n1ar:v 2R. to the RnrE':tll of Immi1!'T"'tion. nod to state that as to the method of sucb transfer. whatever shall be deemed mittee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. with advisable by your committee m be entll'eJy saCJactory to lhis d1!pa.rt­ illustrations. ment. W. B. WILSON, Secretary. Respectfully, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS Al\TD WAR DEPARTl1E."T, RESOLUTIONS. 0FriCE OP THl'J QUABTER!11A.STER GE~RAL OF THE ARMl', Wa&.llinuton, Jun6 19, 19U. Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, bilis and re olntions were sev­ lion. JuLIUS KArt!', .M. C.. . erally reported from committee , deLivered to the Clerk, an{f HCJUSfJ of RcprcsrntatiVC!I, Washington, D. a. referred to the seTeral ralendnrs therein named, ns follows: MY DEAR 1\Jn-~ K-\IIX: Referring to your lnqulr~ over the telephone l\lr. O'LEARY, from the Committee on the Distri~t of Colum­ tbiR morning frS to the total cost of reconstructing- the militnry prison at Alcatraz Islan

parngraph 81 of the act crenting n public ntilitles commission. By ~Ir. PADGETT: A bill (H. R. HSG3) granting an in('re.'lse reporten the same witb :unendment, tlccompnnied !Jy a report of pension to Biddey C. Woltf; to the Committee on Invalid ( Xo. D:i3). w b ich said bill and report were refened to the Pensions. Bon <' · Calendar. By ~r. PAL:\JER: A bill (H. R. 17864) granting a pension to He nl o, from the same rommittee, to which was referred the Condy Boyle: to the Committee on Pen~ions. bill (!J. R. 8847) amending paragraph Sl of the act creilting n B,v :\lr. HAKEH: A hill (IL n. HSG;)) granting an increase public utilities c-ommi!'sion, reported th_e same with amend­ of }lension to ~1arthn Ann Benjamin; to the Committee ou In­ ments, accoruvnnied hy a re11ort ( Xo. fl53), which said bill and YH lid Pensions. report ware referred to the House Calendar. By hlr. HA l"CH: A bill (H. R. 17866) granting a pension to \Yillinm H. Culler; to tllf' f'ommitt~ on Inntlid Pensions. Al~o. n bill (H. n. 17867) granting n pension to George R. PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIOXS, A..'\D MEMORIALS. Phyles: to tlte Comm-ittee on Inrnlid Pensions. Cnder c!anse 3 of Rule XXII. bills. resolutions, nnd memorials By :\lr. SHEHWOOD: A bill CH. R. 17868) granting an 1n· were introduced and sererally J"ef(lrred as follows: Cl'ense of pE:'nsion to Joseph But·tlett; to the Committee on In· By Mr. LOXEIWAX: A bill (H. R. 17 51} for erecting a vulid Pensions. suitnble memorial for Nathan Hale; to tlte Committee ou the Library. PETTTIOXS, ETC. By :\Ir. CASTOR: A bill (H. R. J7Sfi2) for erecting a suit­ t nder clnuse 1 of Rule XXII. pf'titinn~ and papers were lnid able monument to Commodore Uriah P. Le,-y i• · the city of on the Clerk's desk · nd referred ns follows: Washington, D. C.; to the Committee on the Library. R~· the SPEAKER C v l'('f]llest) : Pt>titions of the Christian By ~lt-. LEYY: A bill (il. 17853) to amend Reetion 14 of n. EndP:tvor 8ocietv of th~ Cbr·lstian Churcll of 1\Iexico. the :Mex­ the act entitled "An art to regulate commerce." appro,-ed Feb­ ic-o Baptist Young Pc>Ople's Union. tile Womnn's Chri~tian 'l'em­ ruary 4, 1887. nnd nmendments thereto; to the Collllllittee ou pernnce Union of L:tddonia, and n 1:.1a~s meeting of citir.ens of Interstate and Foreigu Commerce. RPII flower. n II in the ~t11 te> of ~,f is:o::ouri, fu voring na tiona! pro­ By Mr. SMITH of ~1innesotn: A bill (H. R. 17834) to amend h!bition; to the Committ~ o~ Hnles. an act entitled ''An act to regulate the con.trnction of d11ms By l\Ir. AXTHOXY: Petition~ of Robert Reid nncl other cit­ across nnvigHble waters." ilJlprored June 21, 1!106, as nmendei.l izens of Denison, Warren L. Reed aml otller citizens of the by the net apprm·ed June 23, 1Dl0, and to create a water-power. Xationnl Militarv Home. ~Irs. Jnmf's Clelm:;fl and otber· citizens commission for the regul1.1tion of such darns and the power of Ho;rt. E. K Urner nnd other citizens of ·~·opek;l, Hev. I. J. and electric curreut generated thereby; to the Coum1ittee on Penrson nnd other citizens of Topeka. Hobert J. Church and Iuterst;~te ;~nd I•'oreigu Commerce. other citizens of Snbethn. nnd Katie E. l\1nyer nnd other citizens By Mr. CASEY: A bill (H. n. 178G5) to provide an industrial of Len,-enworth. :Ill in thP 8tntc of Kansas, favoring national alcohol commission under the general direction of tile Secretary proh bition: to the Committee ou Rules. of Agrirulture deYoted to Hiding in dereloping den:ttured alcohol Ry ~lr R -\.I LEY (b;r rE>qnest) : Petitions of sundry citizens production in fnrm distille:·ies, and its use for light, heat. ano of Riddestmrg. tbP Young People's ~ociety for Chri~tinn En­ power, nnd other industrial purposes; to the Collllllittee on d~Jvor of Zion. the Lntbernn F;,·:mgE>Iie:ll Cbnrcb of Hollidnys­ Agri cnl ture. bnrgo. and the Yonng People's Soeiety for \..!hri~tinn Endeavor of By Mr. JO:\'ES: A bill (H. R. li856) to declare the purpose the First Lutheran Church of 1';rronf'. all in the 8tate of Penn­ of the people of the t:nited States as to the fntnre political ~ylnmia, favoring national !)rohibition; to the Committee on status of the people of tile Philip}1ine Islands, and to pro,-fde a Rules. more autonomous goremment for those islands; to tile Com­ Rv l\.Ir. REAKES: Petition of 217 ctiizens of Ann Arbor, 19 mittee on Insular Affairs. citizens of Hud::;on, 11nd !i4 clti7Rns of Parma, all in the State of Bv Mr. CAllA WA~-: A bill (H. R. 17857) to pro\""ide for ap­ :\flehigan, in fa\""or of national prohibition; to the Committee on pointment to plnces under tile govemment of the Distrir!t of Rules. Colnmbill, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Also, petition of C1ara S. C. WnJdron. Mary Louise Hinsdale, Distrirt of Columbia. and others. of Ann Arbor. ~Jkh_, favoring legislation for woman Also. a bill (H. n. 17858) to make eligible for appointment sutfr;~ge: to the Committf'e on the Jndichtry. ex-soldiers of the Union and ConfederHte Armie • and fol' other Rv 1\lr. BCRKE of Sonth Dakota: Letters from Edwnrd purposeR: to the Committee on Heform in the Ci\·il ~n-ice. Loew. of Snlem. S. Dak.. and Lloyd H. Rising. of St. Lnwrence, By Mr. FALCO~"'ER: Resolution (H. Res~ 564) reqnestiug th~ K D:tlc. f::n·oring the ennetment of legisl:ttion providing for na­ War Department and Nary Department to fumish the House tionn 1 prohih:tion: to the C'ommlttee on Rules. of Representntives copies of all correspondence and orders iu By Mr. DERSHEM : Petitions of l.G74 citizens of Waynes· the m Uules. of wheat paid to producer; to the Committee on Interstate and Also, petition of sundry citizens uf Briclgeport. Conn.. protest­ Foreign Commerce. ing ngainst nntionnl prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. By Mr. Kll';KEAD of New .Tersey~ Resolution (H. Res. 566) By ~lr. DOOLITTl.E: Petition of 27 citizens of Onaga, Kans., to llHY Hnrry Hrandle compeu&ttion at tile rate of $100 per favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on llnle . month from llay 23, 1014, to July 10, 1014; to the Committeto By ~Ir. EAGAN: Petitions ~igned by 128 citizens of Hndson on Accounts. County, ele,·enth congressional distlict of !'lew JersPy, protest­ By ~Ir. FI~T.EY: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 209) appro­ ing :~galnst national proWbition; to the Committee on Rules. pri;tting $GO,COO for the relief of the sutre ~ers from the h:t i1 :mel Rr ~lr. ESCH: Petition of snndry citizens of Yiroqna, Wis., wind storm in Y11rk County, S.C., July 7, 1014; to the Committee fann·ing nntion:1l fH'Ohibition: to the Committee on Unlet on Appropriations. By 1\It'. GIL:UORE: Petition of the b'irst Congregt~ council of Woonsorket. R L fa roring the pass.'lge of the Hamill Ui\-er. Quiniault Indian He~ernttion, State of Wushiugton; to hill. relative to pensions for 11ged Go\·ernment employees; to tlle Committee on Indian A.ffnirs. the Committee on Heform in the Ch-H 8errice. Ry .Mr. McREXZIE: A bill (H. R. 178D2) granting nn in­ By l\Ir. KORBLY; Petition of Bert GoodpaMure and others, crea e of pension to Angeline E. Strong; to the Committee on of Indir.napolis. Ind., protesting against ru.ttlonal prohibition: Invalid Pensions. to the Qorumittee on Rules. .120'02 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY. 13,

Also. petitions of Mrs. F. T. McWhiter. Mrs. G. M. Henderson. By 1\Ir. VOLLMER: Re~olution of Shelby Norman Post, No. and others; uno Mrs. Alex Hugh Scott, Caroline Curtis, and 231, Grand Army of the Republic, asking for an appropriation others. of the North Boulevard l!'ranchise League of Indian­ of $200,000 for the purpose of promoting a national celebration apolis, Ind.; l\Iariou H. Barnard, Anruim Peri:Im Denton, and and peace jubilee in commemoration of the semicentenn.inl of others. of Irvington, Ind., urging n-oman-suffrage legislation; the ending of the Civil War in 1805, to be held at Vicksburg, to the Committee on the Judiciary. 1\!iEs., October, 1915; to the Committee on Appropriations. Also, petition of sundry citizens of West Indianapolis, Ind., favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. By Mr. LEE of Pennsylvania: Petition of sundry citizens of SENATE. Pennsylvania, against national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. J.foXDAY, July 13, 1914. By Mr. LOBECK: Petition of A. S. Morley and 30 other citi­ The Senate met at 11 o'clock a. m. zens, of Arlington, Nebr., favoring national prohibition; to the Rev. J. L. Kibler, D. D., of the city of Wnsbington, offered Committee on Rules. the following prayer: · By Mr. MAGUIRE of Nebraska: Petition of the Christian Our heavenly Fatht>r, we thank Thee for our great country­ Church of Plattsmouth, Nebr., favoring nation:Il prohibition; for its organization, its resources. and its possibilities. We to the CommitteE> on Rules. thank Thee for its abundant hnrvests and for the bonntifnl By 1\!r. OGLESBY: Petition of 213 residents of the twenty­ supplies of divine grnce and providence that have marked its fourth congressional district of New York, against national progress from the beginning. We praise Thy name for eYery prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. token of Thy fa-vor that hns exalted our Nation. Grant that By Mr. O'SHAUNESSY: Petitions of sundry citizens of we may have a due consideration of our responsibility and Providence, R. I., protesting against national prohibition; to measure up to our opportunities. May we follow Thy leadincr, the Committee on Rules. rely upon Thy power, and cherish Thy precepts. 1\!ay WP con­ Also, petition of the Paint Trade Mutual Fire Insurance Co. tinue to abide under ·the shadow of the Almighty. "Lord God of Providence, n. I., protesting against Senate bill 5664, rela­ of hosts, be with us yet, lest we forget, lest we forget." We tive to u~e of mails for procuring fire insurance policies; to plead for this in Jesus' name. Amen. the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. The Journal of the proceedings of Thursday last was read and By Mr. PADGET'l': Paper to accompany House bill granting approved. increase of pension to Biddey C. Wolff; to the Committee on NEW YORK, NEW HAVEN & HARTFORD RAILRO.\D. Invalid Pensions. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair lays before the Senate By Mr. PALMER: Petition of the MoraYian Christian En­ a communication from the Interstate Commerce Commission, dNlYOr Society, of Easton, Pa., and the Keystone League Chris­ transmitting, in response to a resolution of Februnry 7, 1914. a tian Endea-vor Society, of Freemansburg, Pa., against polygamy report concerning the financial transactions of the New York, in the United States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. New Haven & Hartford Railroad Co., together with a transcript By Mr. RAKER: Petition of the Annual Convention of of the record made in this investigation in accordance with a Friends' Church of California, representing 3,500 members, favor­ further Senate resolution of June 24, 1914. The communication ing national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. and accompanying papers will be referred to the Committee on By Mr. ROBERTS of NeYada: Petition of W. F. ·Robertson, Interstate Commerce. P. B. Smith, and 12 other citizens; Moss Archambeault, Ed­ Mr. NORRIS. Mr. President, I should like to call the ntten­ ward Hart, F. B. McKeown, and 11 other citizens, all of Reno, tion of the Chair to the fact that the Sennte has already passed Ne-v.; and C. C. Dixon, of Sparks, Nev., against national pro­ a resolution authorizing the printing of that report and the hibition; to the Committee on Rules. accompanying evidence as a Senate document. By Mr. SCOTT: Petitions of sundry citizens of Marcus, sun­ The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair was not aware of that. dry citizens and the Baptist Church of Storm Lake, the Woman's 1\fr. NORRIS. We have passed a Senate resolution to prillt Christian Temperance Union of Sioux Rapids, sundry citizens the report and the evidence as a Senate document. of Sioux Centt>r and Sioux County, sundry citizens of Spirit The VICE PRESIDENT. Then the report and the accom­ Lake, and 192 citizens of Linn Grove, all in the State of Iowa, panying papers will be referred to the Committee on Printing. fa,·oring national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. 1\lr. NORRIS subsequently said: 1\lr. President, did I under­ By l\Ir. SINNOr.r: Petitions of 28 citizens of Sparta, 72 stand the Chair to refer the communication from the Inter­ citizens of Prr..irie City, 19 citizens of Vale, 15 citizens of Mult­ state Commerce Commission to the Committee on Printing? nomah County, and 11 citizens of the second congressional dis­ As I understand, there is no occasion for referring it to that trict, all in the State of Oregon, against national prohibition; committee, in view of the preyious action of the Senate. to the Committee on Rules. The VICE PRESID~'\T. Where would the Senator from Also, petition of 35 citizens of La Grande, Oreg., favoring Nebraska have it referred? national prohibition; to the Committee on Rules. Mr. NORRIS. As I understand. there is no occasion for any By Mr. J. M. C. S.l\IITH: Petitions of the Christian Endeavor reference. The Secretary of the Senate will have it sent to the Society of the First Congregationnl Church of Union City; the Printing Office, where it will be printed, the same as any other Christian Endeavor Society of the First Reformed Church of document. It has already been ordered printed. Kalamazoo; Alma B. Ford, secretary of the Woman's Christian The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair w:ls of the impression Temperance Union of Albion; John C. TenDyle, president of the that if it had been ordered printed the Committee on Printing Young People's Society Ch1istian Endeavor of the First Con­ would send it to the Printing Office to haYe it printed. grega tiona I Church of Kalamazoo; George Brown, A. E. Burke, Mr. NORRIS. I understand the Committee on Printing only 1\Irs. P. Z. Weenink, John Seedik, L. 0. Hays, Charles H. Polly­ reports such matter~ back to the Senate, and the Secreta1·y of cutt, H. Vonde Polder, Theodore Hoekstra, Dena Reenders, the Senate then has it sent to the Printer. Elizabeth A. M. Dalm, Miss J. Dantt, Leonard Gideon, l\fr. The VICE PRESIDENT. If it has been ordered printed-­ Mesink, H. J. Weemiek, 1\!r. Hoedkerk, 200 members of the Mr. NORRIS. It has been ordered printed. Trinity Lutheran Church, and 160 members of the East A -venue The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair has no idea how it will Methodist Church, of Kalamazoo, all in the State of Michigan, be printed. fayoring national constitutional prohibition (Hobson bill); to Mr. NORRIS. Just the same as any other document. It will the Committee on Rules. be sent to the Printer. By 1\ir. SMITH of Maryland: Petitions of 206 citizens, mostly The VICE PRESIDE1\TT. The communication and accompa­ of Baltimore, 1\Id., relative to national recognition to Fred­ nying papers will be referred to the Committee on Interstate erick A. Cook for his polar efforts; to the C<>mmittee on Naval Commerce. Affairs. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. By Mr. S~HTH of Minnesota: ·Petitions of 234 citizens of A message from the House of Repre. entatives, by J. C. South, Minneapolis, ~Iiun., and the German E-vangelical Synod of North its Chief Clerk, announced that the House ngrees to the amend­ America, Minnesota district, against national prohibition; to ments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 530-1) to increase the the Committee on Rules. efficiency of the Aviation Service of tbe At·my, anu for other By Mr. STONE: Petitions of sundry citizens of the sixteenth purposes. congressional district of Illinois, against national prohibition; The message also nnnounced that the Honse agrees to the to the Committee on Rules. amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. n. 6464) for the By Mr. TAYLOR of Alabama: Petition of sundry citizens of relief of Charles R. Grant. Mobile County, Ala., protesting against national prohibition; to 'l'he message further announced that the House agrees to the the Committee on Rules. amendment of the Senate No. 157 to the bill (H. R. 17041) mak-