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Natten Mellem Den 5. Og 6. Marts Først På Aftenen Den 5

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Natten Mellem Den 5. Og 6. Marts Først På Aftenen Den 5 I begyndelsen af marts 1945 var der store ødelæggelser i Stettin efter amerikanske og især britiske angreb. Især Bomber Commands angreb i august 1944 forårsagede store ødelæggelser i byen, der var en vigtig havneby. De vestallierede luftangreb var voldsomme og blev gennemført af firemotorede bombefly, men de russiske angreb, der begyndte i februar 1945, blev gennemført af taktiske fly og forårsagede ikke samme typer ødelæggelser. Til gengæld blev de russiske luftangreb hyppigere og skiftede fra natangreb til dagangreb, hvor alt rullende trafik blev angrebet. Natten mellem den 5. og 6. marts Først på aftenen den 5. marts registrerede tyskerne løbende russiske indflyvninger mod Stettin i tidsrummet 19.00 til 01.00. Der deltog ialt omkring 50 russiske bombefly i disse angreb, der af tyskerne blev udlagt som 'Störangriffen'. Fra 20.10 til 20.40 blev Zlin angrebet af to andre russiske fly. Der blev ikke indsat natjagere mod de russiske fly. Ordenspolitiet i Stettin rapporterede om følgende skader: Stettin Auf Altdamm 10 Sprengbomben. Betroffen wurden: Amtsgericht, Heeresnebenzeugamt, personebahnhof, Güterbahnhof, Flugplatz (1 Schuppen abgebrannt). 35 Gefallene, 4 Schwer- und 42 Leichtverwundete. Treck an der Geifenhagener Strasse angegriffen. Anzahl der Gefallenen und Verwundeten steht noch nicht fest. Auf Finkenwalde 3 Spreng-, 4 Splitterbomben und 1 Brandbombe. leichter Gebäudeschaden. 2 Leichtverwundete. Höckendorf 1 Sprengbombe. 2 Häuer mittel, 2 Pferde getötet, 2 verletzt. Auf Autobahn bei Klütz Abwurf von Kleinstsplitterbomben auf Treck und Bordwaffenbeschuss. 7 Gefallene, 3 Leichtverwundete. 8 Pferde getötet. Augustwalde 1 Sprengbombe. 2 gefallene, 2 Schwerverletzte, 2 Leichtverwundete. Angrebet på Stettin blev senere på natten mellem klokken 04.32 og 05.31 fulgt op med yderligere angreb, hvor der blev kastet spræng- og brandbomber i bydelene Atldamm og Podejuch. Oberkommando der Luftwaffe Luftwaffe registrerede også indflyvning af 'Agentenversorger' over Danmark og indsatte en enkelt natjager som Gebietsnachtjagd. Den tyske natjagerpilot var Oberleutnant Wolfgang Jank, der var Staffelkapitän for 2./NJG 3 på Fliegerhorst Grove. Jank var denne aften under ledelse af radarstationen Büffel ved Blåvand og fik kontakt med en af 'Agentenversorgerne', men havde ikke held til at skyde den ned selv om han fik tilkendt en nedskydning denne nat. Jank fløj i 1941 ved 5./NJG 3, før han i sommeren 1943 kom til JG 54 på østfronten. Som dagjager nedskød han fem russiske maskiner, før han igen blev overflyttet til natjagerne - denne gang til I./NJG 200. I 1944 blev han chef for 1./NJG 200, før han den 8. november samme år overtog ledelsen af 2./NJG 3. Wolfgang Jank overlevede krigen med 13 anerkendte nedskydninger. Oberleutnant Jank og hans besætning samt mekaniker. Jank er anden fra venstre og Bordfunker Fritz Stoldt er anden fra højre. (Walter Waiss via Theo Boiten) 'Agentenversorgerne' var syv amerikanske B-24 fra 856th Squadron på flyvepladsen Harrington, der fløj forsyninger til den danske modstandsbevægelse: Table Jam 234 (9 km vest for Maribo, 5 3/4 km syd for Stokkemarke) Table Jam 239 (5 km WSW for Juelsminde, 13 km SE forStenderup) Table Jam 235 (9 km SSW for Sakskøbing, 20 km WSW for Nykøbing) Table Jam 190 (6½ km NE for Otterup, 18 km NNE for Odense) Table Jam 249 (8½ km ESE for Ringsted, 11 km NNW for Haslev) Table Jam 242 (7 km syd for Saaby, 15 km SW for Roskilde) Table Jam 121 (8 km ESE for Helsinge, 5½ km WNW for Fredensborg) De amerikanske B-24 på forsyningsflyvninger til den danske modstandsbevægelse fik hjælp til navigeringen ved hjælp af Gee, hvor stationerne Eastern Wyoming, Northern Utah og Northeastern Carolina kæderne var operative under hele flyvningen. 1st Lt Balazs M Orban og hans besætning fotogra- feret ved deres Harrington i decem- ber 1944. Natten mellem den 5. og 6. marts 1945 fløj de B- 24 44-49535 med kælenavnet 'Sleepy Time Gal'. Besæt- ningen fløj aldrig det samme fly to gange i løbet af deres ned- kastningsoperationer . B-24 fra 492nd BG på flyvepladsen Harrington i Northamptonshire. Fra at være en almindelig bombeenhed fløj denne enhed nedkastningsoperationer for OSS og SOE. 856th Squadron, der fløj forsyninger til den danske modstandsbevægelse, havde som bombeeskadrille haft betegnelsen 36th Bombardment Squadron, men skiftede i maj 1945. Enhedens fly havde 5Z som eskadrillekode. Luftgaukommando XI Ic L, der var ansvarlig for sammenfatning af indflyvninger over Nordtyskland og Danmark rapporterede kun om hurtige kampfly (Mosquitoes) med østlig kurs samt Fernnachtjäger (også Mosquitoes). Chemnitz Natten mellem den 5. og 6. marts 1945 fulgte RAF Bomber Command op med endnu et angreb i rækken af Operation Thunderclap, der var startet med angrebene på Dresden natten mellem den 13. og 14. februar og fortsat med angreb på Chemnitz natten mellem den 14. og 15. februar. Chemnitz stod på listen over angrebsmål i forbindelse med Operation Thunderclap, som havde til formål at knække den tyske civilbefolknings moral og få det nazistiske styre til at falde fra hinanden. Dette blev ikke på noget tidspunkt opnået, men der var også mange militære mål i Chemnitz. Chemnitz indeholdt flere militære stabe, skoleenheder, depoter og militærtekniske afdelinger, der var spredt ud over byen. Ingen af disse militære enheder var særlig vigtige, men de var legitime militære mål, der var placeret i civile områder med boligbyggeri. I tidligere tider var det almindeligt, at kaserner var placeret midt i byen eller i dennes udkant og byerne havde sidenhen vokset rundt omkring de militære faciliteter. Chemnitz havde inden krigen været berømt for sin tekstilindustri og i årene op til krigen var over 40% af byens arbejdsstyrke beskæftiget i denne industri, medens andre 14% arbejede i maskin- og værktøjsindustrien. Dette forhold havde dog ændret sig lidt i løbet af krigen og de allierede mente, at byens arbejdere var dybt involveret med at fremstile våben, værktøj samt dele til militære transportkøretøjer. Fabrikken Reinecker i bydelen Gablenz var en af de vigtigtigste fremstillere af værktøjsmaskiner og havde inden krigen beskæftiget 3.000 personer. I alt havde de allierede identificeret omkring fyrre fabrikker, der fremstillede maskiner eller våbendele. Der var også andre vigtige mål i Chemnitz. Et af disse var Wanderer Werke i bydelen Schonau, der inden krigen havde fremstillet skrive- og regnemaskiner, men som havde omstillet sin produktion til krigsmateriel. Schubert & Salzer havde inden krigen fremstillet maskiner til tekstilindustrien, men også de havde sadlet om og fremstillede nu våben og andre produkter til krigsindustrien - herunder tændmekanismer til infanterigranater. Også Textilmaschinenfabrik Hartmann AG havde vekslet deres produktion. så de nu udelukkende fremstillede maskinværktøj til brug i krigsproduktionen. Chemnitz før bombardementerne i 1944/45. Chemnitz var Sachsens trediestørste by og havde i I 1930 havde 360.000 indbyggere, men sank i 1943 til 250.000 personer. På øverste billede ses Teaterplatz og omkringliggende bygnigner i den indre by. På nederste billed ses tørnet på Jacobikirche. Billedet er taget fra rådhusets tårn. Astra Werke i Chemnitz, der før krigen producerede skrive- og regnemaskiner, men som i løbet af krigen skiftede over til krigs- produktion, hvor man fremstillede 'komplicerede våbendele'. Astra febrikken fremstillede også hulkort- maskiner, der blev anvendt af Oberkommando der Wehrmacht. I 1944 havde fabrikken 2.653 medar- bejdere, hvoraf en del var fanger fra koncentrations- lejre. En heller ikke helt uvigtig fabrik i Chemnitz var Auto Union i bydelen Siegmar, som fremstillede køretøjer til den tyske værnemagt. Auto Union fremstillede Schützenpanzerwagen Hkl 6p (Sd.Kfz. 251), Zugkraftwagen Hkl 6 (Sd.Kfz. 11) og 12 cylindrede Maybach Hl-230 P30 og P45, men fabrikken fremstillede også 2 cm Flak Vierling 38. Sächsische Textilmaschinenfabrik Chemnitz lavede andet end tekstilmaskiner. Deres hovedproduktion var på dette tidspunkt de frygtede granatkastere 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41. Maschinenfabrik Pornitz & Co lavde magnetiske hulladningsgranater. Endelig var en af Tysklands største reparationsværksteder for jernbanemateriel i Hilbersdorf, som beskæftigede omkring 6.000 personer. Den tilhørende godsbanegård kunne håndtere omkring 3.500 jernbanevogne i døgnet. Chemnitz havde også fire store banegårde, der var placeret i Kappel, Sonnenberg, Altendorf og Chemnitz-Süd. Chemnitz havde tidligere prøvet større luftangreb. Natten mellem den 14. og 15. februar 1945 blev byen angrebet af 499 Lancasters og 218 Halifaxes, der godt nok ramte byen hårdt, men en stor del af bomberne landede i åbent land, fordi Chemnitz denne nat var dækket af skyer. Den 5. marts 'gæstede' 1st og 3rd Air Division fra 8th Air Force Chemnitz, hvor 233 B-17 kastede deres bombelast over byen. Bomberne landede i centrum af byen og ødelagde store dele af den indre by. Sächsische Maschinenfabriken i Chemnitz fotograferet umiddelbart før krigen. Denne fabrik fremstillede i 1945 15 cm Nebelwerfere 41 og andre våbentyper til den tyske hær. Chemnitz havde tidligere oplevet bombeangreb. Her ses Waderer Werke den 11. september 1944, der blev bombet af 8th Air Force. Wanderer Werke fremstillede trækkraft til tysk artilleri, halvbæltekøretøjer samt dele til den tyske ubådsproduktion. Dertil kom at fabrikken fungerede som underleverandør til andre virksomheders produktion af kampvogne. Fabrikken blev igen ramt natten mellem den 5. og 6. marts 1945. Om aftenen den 5. marts kom så RAF Bomber Command, der gennemførte et angreb på Chemnitz selv om
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