International Galliformes Symposium 2004
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CITES Cop16 Prop. 15 IUCN-TRAFFIC Analysis (PDF
Ref. CoP16 Prop. 15 Deletion of Grey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii from Appendix II Proponent: Switzerland, as Depositary Government, at the Request of the Animals Committee (prepared by New Zealand) Summary: The Grey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii is endemic to India and inhabits subtropical and tropical moist forests, bamboo thickets, open woodlands and dry deciduous shrubland. The species has a wide range, estimated at around 1 million km2. It is believed to be affected by habitat loss and by some illegal hunting for its meat for domestic consumption. Good populations are likely now to be mainly confined to protected areas. The overall population is believed likely to be declining, though not at a rate fast enough to merit classifying the species as threatened. It was assessed as of Least Concern in 2012 by BirdLife International. Gallus sonneratii was one of several species of Galliform included in Appendix II in 1975 owing to concerns about the international trade in their feathers – the males possess long neck hackles (elongated feathers) with very distinctive patterning, which are in demand for making fishing flies. In the period 2000–2010, nearly 240 000 G. sonneratii feathers were recorded in the CITES trade database as in international trade; 99% of these were reported as coming from captive- bred birds and virtually all exported from non-range States. Over half were exported from the UK to the USA in 2001. Very little trade in feathers has been reported since 2004. There is a small amount of trade in live, captive-bred birds. The species is reported to be easy to keep in captivity. -
1471-2148-10-132.Pdf
Shen et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010, 10:132 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/10/132 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access AResearch mitogenomic article perspective on the ancient, rapid radiation in the Galliformes with an emphasis on the Phasianidae Yong-Yi Shen1,2,3, Lu Liang1,2,3, Yan-Bo Sun1,2,3, Bi-Song Yue4, Xiao-Jun Yang1, Robert W Murphy1,5 and Ya- Ping Zhang*1,2 Abstract Background: The Galliformes is a well-known and widely distributed Order in Aves. The phylogenetic relationships of galliform birds, especially the turkeys, grouse, chickens, quails, and pheasants, have been studied intensively, likely because of their close association with humans. Despite extensive studies, convergent morphological evolution and rapid radiation have resulted in conflicting hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships. Many internal nodes have remained ambiguous. Results: We analyzed the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes from 34 galliform species, including 14 new mt genomes and 20 published mt genomes, and obtained a single, robust tree. Most of the internal branches were relatively short and the terminal branches long suggesting an ancient, rapid radiation. The Megapodiidae formed the sister group to all other galliforms, followed in sequence by the Cracidae, Odontophoridae and Numididae. The remaining clade included the Phasianidae, Tetraonidae and Meleagrididae. The genus Arborophila was the sister group of the remaining taxa followed by Polyplectron. This was followed by two major clades: ((((Gallus, Bambusicola) Francolinus) (Coturnix, Alectoris)) Pavo) and (((((((Chrysolophus, Phasianus) Lophura) Syrmaticus) Perdix) Pucrasia) (Meleagris, Bonasa)) ((Lophophorus, Tetraophasis) Tragopan))). Conclusions: The traditional hypothesis of monophyletic lineages of pheasants, partridges, peafowls and tragopans was not supported in this study. -
Status of Galliformes in Pipar Pheasant Reserve and Santel, Annapurna, Nepal
Status of Galliformes in Pipar Pheasant Reserve and Santel, Annapurna, Nepal 1 2 3 4 LAXMAN P. POUDYAL *, NAVEEN K. MAHATO , PARAS B. SINGH , POORNESWAR SUBEDI , HEM S. BARAL 5 and PHILIP J. K. MCGOWAN 6 1 Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, PO Box 860, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal. 2 Red Panda Network – Nepal, PO Box 21477, Kathmandu, Nepal. 3 Biodiversity Conservation Society, PO Box 24304, Kathmandu, Nepal. 4 Department of Forests, Kathmandu, Nepal. 5 Bird Conservation Nepal, PO Box 12465, Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal. 6 World Pheasant Association, Newcastle University Biology Field Station, Close House Estate, Heddon on the Wall, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE15 0HT UK. *Correspondence author - [email protected] Paper presented at the 4 th International Galliformes Symposium, 2007, Chengdu, China. Abstract The Galliformes of Pipar have been surveyed seven times between 1979 and 1998. The nearby area of Santel was surveyed using comparable methods in 2001. In continuance of the long- term monitoring at Pipar and to provide a second count at Santel, dawn call counts were conducted in both areas, using the same survey points as previous surveys, between 29 th April and 9 th May 2005. The aim of those surveys was to collect information on the status of pheasants and partridges and to look for any changes over time. In both areas, galliform numbers were higher in 2005 than in previous surveys, for most species. For each species there was no evidence of decline since the first counts were conducted nearly 30 years ago. Both areas provide good habitat for Galliformes and disturbance is not a serious issue. -
The Impact of Wind Energy Facilities on Grouse: a Systematic Review
Journal of Ornithology (2020) 161:1–15 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-019-01696-1 REVIEW The impact of wind energy facilities on grouse: a systematic review Joy Coppes1 · Veronika Braunisch1,2 · Kurt Bollmann3 · Ilse Storch4 · Pierre Mollet5 · Veronika Grünschachner‑Berger6,7 · Julia Taubmann1,4 · Rudi Suchant1 · Ursula Nopp‑Mayr8 Received: 17 January 2019 / Revised: 1 July 2019 / Accepted: 18 July 2019 / Published online: 1 August 2019 © Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2019 Abstract There is increasing concern about the impact of the current boom in wind energy facilities (WEF) and associated infra- structure on wildlife. However, the direct and indirect efects of these facilities on the mortality, occurrence and behaviour of rare and threatened species are poorly understood. We conducted a literature review to examine the potential impacts of WEF on grouse species. We studied whether grouse (1) collide with wind turbines, (2) show behavioural responses in relation to wind turbine developments, and (3) if there are documented efects of WEF on their population sizes or dynam- ics. Our review is based on 35 sources, including peer-reviewed articles as well as grey literature. Efects of wind turbine facilities on grouse have been studied for eight species. Five grouse species have been found to collide with wind turbines, in particular with the towers. Fifteen studies reported behavioural responses in relation to wind turbine facilities in grouse (seven species), including spatial avoidance, displacement of lekking or nesting sites, or the time invested in breeding vs. non-breeding behaviour. Grouse were afected at up to distances of 500 m by WEF infrastructure, with indications of efects also at bigger distances. -
2011, Article ID 423938, 16 Pages Doi:10.4061/2011/423938
SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research International Journal of Evolutionary Biology Volume 2011, Article ID 423938, 16 pages doi:10.4061/2011/423938 Research Article A Macroevolutionary Perspective on Multiple Sexual Traits in the Phasianidae (Galliformes) Rebecca T. Kimball, Colette M. St. Mary, and Edward L. Braun Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Rebecca T. Kimball, [email protected]fl.edu Received 2 October 2010; Accepted 26 February 2011 Academic Editor: Rob Kulathinal Copyright © 2011 Rebecca T. Kimball et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Traits involved in sexual signaling are ubiquitous among animals. Although a single trait appears sufficient to convey information, many sexually dimorphic species exhibit multiple sexual signals, which may be costly to signalers and receivers. Given that one signal may be enough, there are many microevolutionary hypotheses to explain the evolution of multiple signals. Here we extend these hypotheses to a macroevolutionary scale and compare those predictions to the patterns of gains and losses of sexual dimorphism in pheasants and partridges. Among nine dimorphic characters, including six intersexual signals and three indicators of competitive ability, all exhibited both gains and losses of dimorphism within the group. Although theories of intersexual selection emphasize gain and elaboration, those six characters exhibited greater rates of loss than gain; in contrast, the competitive traits showed a slight bias towards gains. The available models, when examined in a macroevolutionary framework, did not yield unique predictions, making it difficult to distinguish among them. -
The Use of Infrared-Triggered Cameras for Surveying Phasianids in Sichuan Province, China
Ibis (2010), 152, 299–309 The use of infrared-triggered cameras for surveying phasianids in Sichuan Province, China SHENG LI,1* WILLIAM J. MCSHEA,2 DAJUN WANG,1 LIANGKUN SHAO3 &XIAOGANGSHI4 1Center for Nature and Society, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China 2Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA 3Wanglang National Nature Reserve, Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, 622550, China 4Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province, 623006, China We report on the use of infrared-triggered cameras as an effective tool to survey phasia- nid populations in Wanglang and Wolong Nature Reserves, China. Surveys at 183 camera-trapping sites recorded 30 bird species, including nine phasianids (one grouse and eight pheasant species). Blood Pheasant Ithaginis cruentus and Temminck’s Tragopan Tragopan temminckii were the phasianids most often detected at both reserves and were found within the mid-elevation range (2400–3600 m asl). The occupancy rate and detec- tion probability of both species were examined using an occupancy model relative to eight sampling covariates and three detection covariates. The model estimates of occupancy for Blood Pheasant (0.30) and Temminck’s Tragopan (0.14) are close to the naïve estimates based on camera detections (0.27 and 0.13, respectively). The estimated detection probability during a 5-day period was 0.36 for Blood Pheasant and 0.30 for Temminck’s Tragopan. The daily activity patterns for these two species were assessed from the time ⁄ date stamps on the photographs and sex ratios calculated for Blood Pheasant (152M : 72F) and Temminck’s Tragopan (48M : 21F). -
20 Days Sichuan Tour Itinerary
Arriving day, airport pick up, overnight in Chengdu. Day 1 Drive from Chengdu to Longcanggou, birding on the way, overnight in Longcangou. Day 2-3 Two full days in Longcanggou On the road to Longcanggou will look for Ashy-throated Parrotbill. Longcanggou is the best place for the parrotbills: Grey-hooded Parrotbill, Three-toed Parrotbill, Great Parrotbill, Fulvous Parrotbill, Golden Parrotbill, Brown Parrotbill and Gold-fronted Fulvetta. Longcanggou is also good place for :Temminck's Tragopan, Lady Am's Pheasant and Golden-breasted Fulvetta, Streaked Barwing, Sichuan Treecreeper, Red-winged, Spotted and Elliot's Laughingthrush, Emei Shan Liocichla, Chinese Blue Flycatcher, Yellow-throated Bunting, Forest Wagtail, Chinese Bamboo Partridge, Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler, Firethroat, Spotted Bush Warbler, White-bellied Redstart. And Red Panda ! Grey-hooded Parrotbill and Great Parrotbill © Summer Wong Golden Parrotbill and Three-toed Parrotbill © Summer Wong Day 4 Longcanggou - Erlangshan, birding in Longcanggou in the morning, then drive to Erlangshan, overnight in Tianquan. Day 5 Whole day birding in Erlangshan Erlangshan is the best place for Lady Amherst's Pheasant, also good place for Chinese Song Thrush, Barred and Black-faced Laughingthrush, Streaked Barwing, Firethroat, Yellow-bellied Tit, Black- browed Tit. Lady Amherst’s Pheasant © Summer Wong Firethroat and Barred Laughingthrush © Summer Wong Day 6 Erlangshan - Rilong, drive to Rilong, birding on the way, overnight in Rilong. Day 7-8 Two full days birding in Balangshan Balangshan is the best place for many game birds: Chinese Monal, White-eared Pheasant, Tibetan Snowcock, Snow Partridge, Golden Pheasant, Chestnut-throated Partridge, Koklass Pheasant, Blood Pheasant. Good place for rosefinches: Red-fronted, Streaked, Crimson-browed, Spot-winged, Chinese Beautiful, White-browed, Dark-breasted Rosefinch. -
The Eco-Ethology of the Karoo Korhaan Eupodotis Virgorsil
THE ECO-ETHOLOGY OF THE KAROO KORHAAN EUPODOTIS VIGORSII. BY M.G.BOOBYER University of Cape Town SUBMITIED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (ORNITHOLOGY) UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN RONDEBOSCH 7700 CAPE TOWN The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town University of Cape Town PREFACE The study of the Karoo Korhaan allowed me a far broader insight in to the Karoo than would otherwise have been possible. The vast openness of the Karoo is a monotony to those who have not stopped and looked. Many people were instrumental in not only encouraging me to stop and look but also in teaching me to see. The farmers on whose land I worked are to be applauded for their unquestioning approval of my activities and general enthusiasm for studies concerning the veld and I am particularly grateful to Mnr. and Mev. Obermayer (Hebron/Merino), Mnr. and Mev. Steenkamp (Inverdoorn), Mnr. Bothma (Excelsior) and Mnr. Van der Merwe. Alwyn and Joan Pienaar of Bokvlei have my deepest gratitude for their generous hospitality and firm friendship. Richard and Sue Dean were a constant source of inspiration throughout the study and their diligence and enthusiasm in the field is an example to us all. -
Yellow-Throated Bulbul Pycnonotus Xantholaemus Feeding on the Aril Of
Correspondence 59 Arboreal feeding of Grey Junglefowl appears to be a novel behaviour as earlier studies on its foraging ecology did not document this behaviour (Gokula & Vijayan 2000; Gokula 2001; Karthikeyan 2007; Somasundaram & Vijayan 2008; Subramanian et al. 2008; Ramesh & Sathyanarayana 2009; Nirmala 2016; Pankaj, 2017; McGowan & Kirwan, 2020). This also adds Macaranga peltata to the known food plants consumed by Grey Junglefowl in the wild. Acknowledgement Seshadri K. S. I thank the Assistant Wildlife Warden, Thattekkad Bird Sanctuary and Wildlife Warden, Idukki Wildlife Division for support. References 75. A Yellow-throated Bulbul feeding on the aril of an Acacia auriculiformis. Ali, S., & Ripley, S. D., 1983. Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan together with those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Sri Lanka. Compact ed. Delhi: Oxford University Press. Pp. i–xlii, 1 l., pp. 1–737, 56 ll. The YTB is endemic to parts of southern India and has a Gokula, V., & Vijayan, L., 2000. Foraging pattern of birds during the breeding season disjunct distribution despite being known from nearly 100 in thorn forest of Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, south India. Tropical localities (Jha & Vasudevan 2020). It is a habitat specialist, Ecology 41: 195–208. Gokula, V., 2001. Foraging patterns of birds in the thorn [forests?] of Mudumalai found in scrub forests in rocky, boulder-strewn landscapes and Wildlife Sanctuary, southern India. Journal of South Asian Natural History 5: is currently listed as a vulnerable species (BirdLife International 143–153. 2021). The YTB is known to consume a higher proportion of Karthikeyan, M., 2007. Avifauna and their habitat utilization in three different habitats fleshy berries compared to insects (Subramanya et al. -
Epidemiology of Influenza Virus H5n1 in Islamabad Capital Territory by Zahida Fatima (2005-Va-246) a Thesis Submitted in the Pa
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFLUENZA VIRUS H5N1 IN ISLAMABAD CAPITAL TERRITORY BY ZAHIDA FATIMA (2005-VA-246) A THESIS SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES, LAHORE (2015) To The Controller of Examinations, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. We, the supervisory committee, certify that the contents and form of the thesis, submitted by ZAHIDA FATIMA, Regd. No. 2005-VA-246 been found satisfactory and recommend that it be processed for the evaluation by the External Examiner(s) for the award of the degree. PROF. DR. MUHAMMAD ATHAR KHAN _______________________ SUPERVISOR DR. KHALID NAEEM _______________________ CO-SUPERVISOR PROF.DR. MANSOOR UD DIN AHMAD _______________________ MEMBER PROF.DR. KHUSI MUHAMMAD ______________________ MEMBER DEDICATED TO MY LATE FATHER MAY HIS SOUL REST IN BEST PEACE (AAMEEN) i () In the name of Allah the most magnificent and the most beneficent. All praise for ALLAH All Mighty who has the control and command of each and every thing. It is He who has sent down to you, [O Muhammad], the Book; in it are verses [that are] precise - they are the foundation of the Book - and others unspecific. As for those in whose hearts is deviation [from truth], they will follow that of it which is unspecific, seeking discord and seeking an interpretation [suitable to them]. And no one knows its [true] interpretation except Allah. But those firms in knowledge say, "We believe in it. All [of it] is from our Lord." And no one will be reminded except those of understanding. -
OBSERVATION REPORT of the ENDEMIC CHESTNUT-BELLIED HILL-PARTRIDGE (Arborophila Javanica Lawuana) in TAHURA RADEN SOERJO, EAST JAVA
ISSN 2413-0877 Volume 2 (2015) 552-555 The 3rd International Conference on Biological Science 2013 (The 3rd ICBS-2013) OBSERVATION REPORT OF THE ENDEMIC CHESTNUT-BELLIED HILL-PARTRIDGE (Arborophila javanica lawuana) IN TAHURA RADEN SOERJO, EAST JAVA Heru Cahyono and Haris Eka Pramudhita Malang Eyes Lapwing (MEL) Bird Study Group, Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, Indonesia 65145. Heru Cahyono: [email protected] ABSTRACT Chestnut-bellied Hill-Partridge (Arborophila javanica) is an endemic species of Java, and also one of four endemic partridge species in the Greater Sunda islands. This species is constituted by three subspecies which differ in the color pattern of their head. The first reported sighting of Chestnut-bellied Hill-Partridge (Arborophila javanica lawuana) in Cangar is by Nijman in 2003, and for these past ten years the observation data has been inadequately obtained by local birdwatchers although its call is remarkable ; the call might be frequently heard by birdwatchers but got missed. Several information about this bird has been collected, including its sound recording that we used during observations. Observations were conducted around Cangar tourism object, particularly along the main road linking Pacet (Mojokerto) and Batu (Malang). The observations resulted in the data on its behavior and the best observation spot, that is in Lemahbang. Key words: Chestnut-bellied Hill-Partridge, endemic bird, observation spot, Tahura Raden Soerjo. INTRODUCTION Chesnut-bellied Hill-Partridge (Arborophila javanica lawuana) is an endemic species of Java, and also one of four endemic partridge species in the Greater Sunda islands (Holmes, 1999). -
Behaviour Patterns of the Cage-Housed Breeding Flock of Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus)
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS Volume LIX 28 Number 3, 2011 BEHAVIOUR PATTERNS OF THE CAGE-HOUSED BREEDING FLOCK OF PHEASANTS (PHASIANUS COLCHICUS) D. Zapletal, P. Suchý, E. Straková, F. Vitula, J. Kuchtík Received: December 1, 2010 Abstract ZAPLETAL, D., SUCHÝ, P., STRAKOVÁ, E., VITULA, F., KUCHTÍK, J.: Behaviour patterns of the cage- housed breeding fl ock of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2011, LIX, No. 3, pp. 215–220 The aim of this work was to investigate the behaviour patterns of a cage-housed breeding fl ock of pheasants during the day in the early stage of laying period, and evaluate the diff erences in behaviour patterns between male and female pheasants. Observations were carried out with a fl ock of common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) consisting of 1 male and 5 female pheasants aged 2 years that showed a minimum rate of aggression in the previous laying. Behaviour patterns of birds were studied using a 15-minute video recording taken at each hour during the day (from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m.). The rates of activities such as feeding, movement, resting, scratching, preening, mating and aggression in female pheasants diff ered signifi cantly from those in the male, as observed throughout the day. The rate of feeding had 2 peaks in hens (in early morning and late evening). Generally, the feed intake in females was observed throughout the day whereas the male received feed less frequently but at a higher rate, particularly in the a ernoon. The highest rate of movement was observed for both male and female pheasants in morning hours followed by a decline in movement activities which was slow in hens and rapid in the cock, with the subsequent second peak before dark.