DOCSLIB.ORG

Genus Exitianus (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, and Chiasmini) in Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Genus Exitianus (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, and Chiasmini) in Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269712063 Genus Exitianus (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, and Chiasmini) in Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan Article in Journal of Insect Science · December 2014 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu097 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 0 152 4 authors: Imran Khatri Maqsood Anwar Rustamani Sindh Agriculture University Sindh Agriculture University 53 PUBLICATIONS 137 CITATIONS 55 PUBLICATIONS 225 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Zubair Ahmed Riffat Sultana Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology University of Sindh 57 PUBLICATIONS 149 CITATIONS 157 PUBLICATIONS 484 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Preliminary data on the fauna of ants of the genus Cataglyphis Foerster, 1850 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Pakistan View project diversity View project All content following this page was uploaded by Imran Khatri on 29 July 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Journal of Insect Science RESEARCH Genus Exitianus (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, and Chiasmini) in Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan Imran Khatri,1,2 Maqsood Anwar Rustamani,1 Zubair Ahmed,3 and Riffat Sultana4 1Department of Entomology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan 2Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Zoology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan 4Department of Zoology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan Subject Editor: Takumasa Kondo J. Insect Sci. 14(235): 2014; DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu097 ABSTRACT. Exitianus Ball, 1929 is studied from Tando Jam, Pakistan. Two species, Exitianus indicus (Distant, 1908) and Exitianus nanus (Distant, 1908), are reviewed and their characters, habitus, and line drawing are given. Downloaded from Key Words: Exitianus, deltocephalinae, leafhopper Leafhoppers are usually collected in general sweepings more com- Measurement. Mean is calculated by measuring characters of monly than any other insect groups (Ross et al. 1982). Leafhoppers can 10 specimens. readily be recognized from other members of the Auchenorrhyncha by Depositories. The material on which this study is based is deposited http://jinsectscience.oxfordjournals.org/ the presence of two or more rows of spines on the hind tibiae and by not in the institutions that are abbreviated in the text as follows: having the pronotum extending back over the abdomen, as present in their close relative, the Membracidae, Viraktamath (2005). BMNH: The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom Exitianus, a member of the subfamily Deltocephalinae, contains 43 IKC: Imran Khatri’s Private Collection species, of which 6 species occur in Asia. It differs from related forms IMSAU: Insect Museum Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, in having only a small number apical, stout setae on the male pygofer; Pakistan the female with long ovipositor. On every continent, at least one com- mon form of Exitianus has a conspicuous black band across the top of Result and Discussion the head. This genus from Old World was studied by Ross (1968), and Taxonomy. recently it is reviewed by Zahniser (2008), Khatri and Webb (2010), Genus: Exitianus Ball, 1929. Type species: Jassus (Thamnotettix) and Duan and Zhang (2013). obscurinervis Sta˚l, 1859, by original designation. Mimodrylix Zachvatkin (1935: 108), synonymized by Oman (1936: Tando Jam is situated 20 km away from Hyderabad in the Sindh by guest on December 15, 2014 Province of Pakistan. Leafhoppers in Tando Jam are found on grasslands 382). and on many economically important crops. It is misconception in Tando Diagnosis. The members of this genus are medium sized, ranges Jam that Exitianus is the pest of Mango orchard, as grasses and other weeds between 4 and 5 mm, color tawny with brown or black patterns. Head are usually seen in mango orchards, and this genus is very common on wider than pronotum. Ocelli large situated dorsally, pronotum and mes- grass. This article will be helpful to recognize the members of the genus. onotum with different markings. They have forewing appendix large and extending around the wing apex, wing venation and with or without Materials and Methods brown coloration on anal veins. Collection and Preservation. Material presented here was mainly Male pygofer with 2–6 black spines along the apical margin of the collected from Tando Jam, using a sweep net, aspirator, and a light trap. pygofer. Male subgenital plates not touching in the middle, connective Crops and variety of vegetation were sampled for leafhoppers. “Y” shaped, broad stems with medial sclerotization. Aedeagus broad at Specimens were killed in a standard insect killing jar containing cya- base and slender toward apex, having an articulation between shaft and nide, then mounted on triangular points. base, the shaft relatively simple in structure, gonopore anterior/dorsal Study of Genitalia. To view internal structures a process known as side. Female ovipositor extending a considerable distance beyond maceration (removal of muscle and soft connective tissues) described abdominal tergites. by Knight (1965). A macerated abdomen was placed in glycerin and Distribution. Cosmopolitan. dissected under a three-dimensional dissecting microscope (Labomed CSM2, 20X–40X). For detailed study, the genitalia were observed Key to the Species of Exitianus Occur in Pakistan. under a compound microscope (Kyowa Medilux 20) fitted with a USB Digital Camera (350 k pixel). For line drawing, a camera Lucida was 1. Vertex usually with transverse arcuate brown band interrupted medi- used fitted on microscope. For the improvement of some line drawings, ally (Plate 2a–c). Scutellum with dark brown basal triangles (Plate the software Adobe Illustrator v 12.0. Zodiac, Adobe System, launched, 1a–c). Male pygofer side with 2–6 apical brown or black macrosetae April 27, 2005. (Plate 2e). Aedeagal shaft slightly laterally compressed with small gon- Sources of Identification. For identification of specimens, both rele- oduct (Plate 2h); without processes (Plate 2h and i) . Exitianus nanus vant literature and the examination of type specimens from the collec- — Vertex usually with transverse arcuate brown band complete tion of The Natural History Museum, London, were used, hereafter (Plate 1a–c). Scutellum with faint brown basal triangles (Plate 1a–b). referred to as BMNH. Male pygofer side with 2–3 apical brown or black macrosetae VC The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] 2 JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE VOLUME 14 Downloaded from http://jinsectscience.oxfordjournals.org/ by guest on December 15, 2014 Plate 1. E. indicus (Distant, 1908). (a) Habitus (Pakistan); (b) habitus (holotype, BMNH); (c) head and thorax, dorsal view; (d) forewing; (e) pygofer, lateral view; (f) valve, subgenital plate, style, connective, aedeagus and valve, dorsal view; (g) connective; (h) style; (i) aedeagus, lateral view; and (j) aedeagus dorsal view. 2014 KHATRI ET AL.: CHARACTERISTICS OF E. INDICUS AND E. NANUS 3 Downloaded from http://jinsectscience.oxfordjournals.org/ by guest on December 15, 2014 Plate 2. E. nanus (Distant, 1908). (a) Habitus (Pakistan); (b) habitus (holotype, BMNH); (c) head and thorax, dorsal view; (d) forewing; (e) pygofer, lateral view; (f) valve and subgenital plate; (g) style and connective; (h) aedeagus, lateral view; and (i) aedeagus, dorsal view. (Plate 1e). Aedeagal shaft strongly laterally compressed, gonopore Exitianus major Ahmed, Qadeer & Malik, 1988. Synonymized by large with rim forming concave margin in lateral view; with pair of Khatri and Webb (2010). small dorsobasal processes (Plate 1iandj)..........Exitianus indicus Description. A single arcuate, dark line on crown, pronotum with Exitianus indicus (Distant, 1908; Athysanus)(Plate 1). black spots near crown, and scutellum with a pair of triangular faint Athysanus indicus Distant (1908: 344). spots. Forewing with four apical cells, three anteapical cells, and Athysanus fusconervosus Motschulsky (1863: 97). Ceylon. medium sized appendix. Synonymized by Ross (1968). Athysanus atkinsoni Distant (1908: Pygofer with two spines at apex, 6–8 macrosetae on male subgenital 345). India. Synonymized by Ross (1968). plate; anal tube chitenous; aedeagus robust with pair of process on 4 JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE VOLUME 14 aedeagal shaft medially. Aedeagus pointed laterally, basal apodeme References Cited square shape, gonopore at dorsal side of aedeagus. Connective “Y” Ahmed, M. 1986. Some investigations of leafhoppers of grasslands and allied shaped; apophysis firmly attached with style. Style apophysis pointed. crops in Pakistan. Proc. Pak. Congr. Zool. 6: 51–62. Measurements (mm). Male total length 4.67, forewing length 3.7, Ahmed, M., and S. Rao. 1986. Some commonly found leaf and planthoppers crown length at middle 0.34, crown width across eyes 1.42, interocular on vegetable plants in the suburbs of Peshawar N.W.F.P., Pakistan.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Haplotype Variations and Genetic Structure of Indonesian Green
    Haplotype Variations and Genetic Structure of Indonesian Green Leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (Distant.) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Population Based on Cytochrome C Oxydase I and II Genes Authors: Rafika Yuniawati, Rika Raffiudin* and I Made Samudra *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2019.30.3.7 Highlights • A total of 14 and 10 haplotypes were found in the COI and COII genes of Nephotettix virescens, respectively. • Four haplotype groups of Nephotettix virescens have been revealed based on the COI gene sequences, i.e haplotype for Sumatera, Java, Bali and Sulawesi. • The haplotypes of COI gene sequences are potential to be used for genetic markers on Nephotettix virescens. TLSR, 30(3), 2019 © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2019 Tropical Life Sciences Research, 30(3), 95–110, 2019 Haplotype Variations and Genetic Structure of Indonesian Green Leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (Distant.) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Population Based on Cytochrome C Oxidase I and II Genes 1,2Rafika Yuniawati, 1Rika Raffiudin* and 2I Made Samudra 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Bogor 16111 Indonesia Publication date: 26 December 2019 To cite this article: Rafika Yuniawati, Rika Raffiudin and I Made Samudra. (2019). Haplotype variations and genetic structure of Indonesian green leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (Distant.) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) population based on cytochrome c oxidase I and II genes. Tropical Life Sciences Research 30(3): 95–110. https://doi.org/10.21315/ tlsr2019.30.3.7 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2019.30.3.7 Abstract: The green leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is an insect vector of the important rice tungro viruses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Leafhoppers of Minnesota
    Technical Bulletin 155 June 1942 The Leafhoppers of Minnesota Homoptera: Cicadellidae JOHN T. MEDLER Division of Entomology and Economic Zoology University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station The Leafhoppers of Minnesota Homoptera: Cicadellidae JOHN T. MEDLER Division of Entomology and Economic Zoology University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Accepted for publication June 19, 1942 CONTENTS Page Introduction 3 Acknowledgments 3 Sources of material 4 Systematic treatment 4 Eurymelinae 6 Macropsinae 12 Agalliinae 22 Bythoscopinae 25 Penthimiinae 26 Gyponinae 26 Ledrinae 31 Amblycephalinae 31 Evacanthinae 37 Aphrodinae 38 Dorydiinae 40 Jassinae 43 Athysaninae 43 Balcluthinae 120 Cicadellinae 122 Literature cited 163 Plates 171 Index of plant names 190 Index of leafhopper names 190 2M-6-42 The Leafhoppers of Minnesota John T. Medler INTRODUCTION HIS bulletin attempts to present as accurate and complete a T guide to the leafhoppers of Minnesota as possible within the limits of the material available for study. It is realized that cer- tain groups could not be treated completely because of the lack of available material. Nevertheless, it is hoped that in its present form this treatise will serve as a convenient and useful manual for the systematic and economic worker concerned with the forms of the upper Mississippi Valley. In all cases a reference to the original description of the species and genus is given. Keys are included for the separation of species, genera, and supergeneric groups. In addition to the keys a brief diagnostic description of the important characters of each species is given. Extended descriptions or long lists of references have been omitted since citations to this literature are available from other sources if ac- tually needed (Van Duzee, 1917).
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 271.95 K
    Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) Vol.11, No.2, 121-148, 2015 ISSN: 1735-434X (print); 2423-4222 (online) A checklist of Iranian Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Pakarpour Rayeni, F.a*, Nozari, J.b, Seraj, A.A.a a Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran b Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran (Received: 7 February 2015; Accepted: 29 June 2015) By using published records and original data from recent research, the first checklist for subfamily Deltocephalinae from Iran is presented. This study is based on a comprehensive review of literatures and the examination of some materials from our collection. The present checklist contains 184 species belonging to 74 genera. In addition, for each species, the known geographical distribution in Iran and in the world is reported. Key words: leafhoppers, records, subfamily, distribution, Iran. INTRODUCTION Zahniser and Dietrich (2013) stated that currently Deltocephalinae contains 6683 valid species and 923 genera, making it the largest subfamily of Cicadellidae based on the number of described species. The subfamily is distributed worldwide, and it contains the majority of leafhoppers vectoring economically important plant diseases, some of which cause significant damage and economic loss”. Many species feed on herbaceous or woody dicotyledonous plants, while about 1/3 of the tribes specialize on grass and sedge hosts and are particularly diverse and abundant in grassland ecosystems (Dietrich, 2005). The history of the faunestic studies on leafhoppers in Iran is mainly based on Dlabola's investigations (1957; 1958; 1960; 1961; 1964; 1971; 1974; 1977; 1979; 1981; 1984; 1987; 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) with Description of a New Genus and Species from China
    Zootaxa 3177: 24–32 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Redescription of the grassland leafhopper genus Doraturopsis Lindberg (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) with description of a new genus and species from China YANI DUAN1, 2 & YALIN ZHANG2, 3 1School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China 2Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The deltocephaline leafhopper genus Doraturopsis Lindberg (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) and species D. heros (Melichar) are redescribed, and a new genus and species Zahniserius cylindricus, gen. n., sp. n. from China, with an aedeagus similar to that of Doraturopsis, are described. Keys are provided to separate the genera of Chinese Chiasmini Distant and two species of Doraturopsis. Key words: Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, morphology, taxonomy, new genus, new species Introduction The tribe Chiasmini Distant belongs to the largest leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae sensu lato (Zahniser & Dietrich, 2010). This moderately large tribe, whose members are predominantly brachypterous and feed almost exclusively on grasses, was redefined by Zahniser (2008). Members of the tribe can be recognised by the following combination
    [Show full text]
  • The Leafhopper Vectors of Phytopathogenic Viruses (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) Taxonomy, Biology, and Virus Transmission
    /«' THE LEAFHOPPER VECTORS OF PHYTOPATHOGENIC VIRUSES (HOMOPTERA, CICADELLIDAE) TAXONOMY, BIOLOGY, AND VIRUS TRANSMISSION Technical Bulletin No. 1382 Agricultural Research Service UMTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many individuals gave valuable assistance in the preparation of this work, for which I am deeply grateful. I am especially indebted to Miss Julianne Rolfe for dissecting and preparing numerous specimens for study and for recording data from the literature on the subject matter. Sincere appreciation is expressed to James P. Kramer, U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C., for providing the bulk of material for study, for allowing access to type speci- mens, and for many helpful suggestions. I am also grateful to William J. Knight, British Museum (Natural History), London, for loan of valuable specimens, for comparing type material, and for giving much useful information regarding the taxonomy of many important species. I am also grateful to the following persons who allowed me to examine and study type specimens: René Beique, Laval Univer- sity, Ste. Foy, Quebec; George W. Byers, University of Kansas, Lawrence; Dwight M. DeLong and Paul H. Freytag, Ohio State University, Columbus; Jean L. LaiFoon, Iowa State University, Ames; and S. L. Tuxen, Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Co- penhagen, Denmark. To the following individuals who provided additional valuable material for study, I give my sincere thanks: E. W. Anthon, Tree Fruit Experiment Station, Wenatchee, Wash.; L. M. Black, Uni- versity of Illinois, Urbana; W. E. China, British Museum (Natu- ral History), London; L. N. Chiykowski, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa ; G. H. L. Dicker, East Mailing Research Sta- tion, Kent, England; J.
    [Show full text]
  • Insects and Related Arthropods Associated with of Agriculture
    USDA United States Department Insects and Related Arthropods Associated with of Agriculture Forest Service Greenleaf Manzanita in Montane Chaparral Pacific Southwest Communities of Northeastern California Research Station General Technical Report Michael A. Valenti George T. Ferrell Alan A. Berryman PSW-GTR- 167 Publisher: Pacific Southwest Research Station Albany, California Forest Service Mailing address: U.S. Department of Agriculture PO Box 245, Berkeley CA 9470 1 -0245 Abstract Valenti, Michael A.; Ferrell, George T.; Berryman, Alan A. 1997. Insects and related arthropods associated with greenleaf manzanita in montane chaparral communities of northeastern California. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-167. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. Agriculture; 26 p. September 1997 Specimens representing 19 orders and 169 arthropod families (mostly insects) were collected from greenleaf manzanita brushfields in northeastern California and identified to species whenever possible. More than500 taxa below the family level wereinventoried, and each listing includes relative frequency of encounter, life stages collected, and dominant role in the greenleaf manzanita community. Specific host relationships are included for some predators and parasitoids. Herbivores, predators, and parasitoids comprised the majority (80 percent) of identified insects and related taxa. Retrieval Terms: Arctostaphylos patula, arthropods, California, insects, manzanita The Authors Michael A. Valenti is Forest Health Specialist, Delaware Department of Agriculture, 2320 S. DuPont Hwy, Dover, DE 19901-5515. George T. Ferrell is a retired Research Entomologist, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2400 Washington Ave., Redding, CA 96001. Alan A. Berryman is Professor of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6382. All photographs were taken by Michael A. Valenti, except for Figure 2, which was taken by Amy H.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Chiasmini) from China
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 333: 31–43 (2013) Review of the grassland leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball... 31 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.333.5324 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Review of the grassland leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Chiasmini) from China Yani Duan1,2, Yalin Zhang2 1 School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China 2 Key La- boratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China Corresponding author: Yalin Zhang ([email protected]) Academic editor: Mick Webb | Received 15 April 2013 | Accepted 1 August 2013 | Published 20 September 2013 Citation: Duan Y, Zhang Y (2013) Review of the grassland leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Chiasmini) from China. ZooKeys 333: 31–43. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.333.5324 Abstract The two Chinese species of the leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephali- nae: Chiasmini) (E. indicus (Distant) and E. nanus (Distant)) are reviewed. Descriptions of the species and a key for their separation are provided. E. fulvinervis Li & He is considered a junior synonym of E. nanus syn. n. Keywords Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, morphology, taxonomy Introduction Among the most widespread and often abundant tropical and temperate species of grass- land leafhoppers are the moderately large tawny forms comprising the genus Exitianus Ball. It contains 43 species of which 6 species occur in Asia. Members of the genus are most readily distinguished by usually having a transverse dark band on the vertex (Plate II: A–E), males with a small number of apical stout setae on the pygofer (Figs 1A–D) and the female with a relatively long ovipositor extending conspicuously beyond the last dorsal segment (Plate I: D).
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying Dryinidae (Hymenoptera) - Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) Host Associations Using Phylogenetics
    IDENTIFYING DRYINIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) - AUCHENORRHYNCHA (HEMIPTERA) HOST ASSOCIATIONS USING PHYLOGENETICS BY CHRISTIAN ABEL MILLÁN-HERNÁNDEZ THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018 Urbana, Illinois Master's Committee: Dr. Christopher H. Dietrich, Chair, Director of Research Professor May R. Berenbaum Professor Andrew V. Suarez ABSTRACT Dryinidae is a family of ectoparasitoid wasps with cosmopolitan distribution that exclusively preys on and parasitizes members of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera). Host records of these important biocontrol agents are fragmentary because previous records have been based on tedious laboratory rearing of parasitized individuals requiring environmental control and long waiting periods, usually with limited success. Molecular phylogenetic methods provide an alternative to expand knowledge of dryinid host breadth by DNA sequencing of host attached parasitoid larvae. For this study, 142 late-stage dryinid larvae were removed from parasitized individuals of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera), mostly from a wet insect collection at the Illinois Natural History Survey representing all major biogeographic regions. The 28S D2-D3 nuclear ribosomal gene region was amplified using PCR and sequenced. Attempts to sequence Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, Cytochrome B and 18S DNA regions were unsuccessful due to contamination with host DNA. Sequence data were combined with data from a previous phylogenetic study based on adults and a maximum likelihood tree search was performed in the IQ-Tree webserver. The best tree was used to explore the significance of natural history traits including distribution, host taxonomy and habitat, for explaining host association patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Homologies of the Head of Membracoidea Based on Nymphal Morphology with Notes on Other Groups of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)
    Eur. J. Entomol. 107: 597–613, 2010 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1571 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Homologies of the head of Membracoidea based on nymphal morphology with notes on other groups of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) DMITRY A. DMITRIEV Illinois Natural History Survey, Institute of Natural Resource Sustainability at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Hemiptera, Membracoidea, Cicadellidae, Cicadoidea, Cercopoidea, Fulgoroidea, head, morphology, ground plan Abstract. The ground plan and comparative morphology of the nymphal head of Membracoidea are presented with particular emphasis on the position of the clypeus, frons, epistomal suture, and ecdysial line. Differences in interpretation of the head structures in Auchenorrhyncha are discussed. Membracoidea head may vary more extensively than heads in any other group of insects. It is often modified by the development of an anterior carina, which apparently was gained and lost multiple times within Membracoidea. The main modifications of the head of Membracoidea and comparison of those changes with the head of other superfamilies of Auchenorrhyncha are described. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS The general morphology of the insect head is relatively Dried and pinned specimens were studied under an Olympus well studied (Ferris, 1942, 1943, 1944; Cook, 1944; SZX12 microscope with SZX-DA drawing tube attachment. DuPorte, 1946; Snodgrass, 1947; Matsuda, 1965; Detailed study of internal structures and boundaries of sclerites Kukalová-Peck, 1985, 1987, 1991, 1992, 2008). There is based on examination of exuviae and specimens cleared in are also a few papers in which the hemipteran head is 5% KOH.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Rice Ecosystem of Received: 05-03-2017 Accepted: 06-04-2017 Jorhat, Assam
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(3): 1803-1808 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Morphotaxonomy of five species of leafhopper JEZS 2017; 5(3): 1803-1808 © 2017 JEZS (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from rice ecosystem of Received: 05-03-2017 Accepted: 06-04-2017 Jorhat, Assam Rupashree Das Assam Agricultural University, Department of Entomology, Rupashree Das and Anjumoni Devee Jorhat-13, Assam, India Abstract Anjumoni Devee Two species from each genus of Nephotettix and Cofana and one species of Maiestas were studied from Assam Agricultural University, rice ecosystem of Jorhat, Assam during 2012-2014 and were described based on morphological and male Department of Entomology, genital characters. Species of Nephotettix can be identified based on shape of vertex, spots present on Jorhat-13, Assam, India vertex and forewing and the number of spines present on aedeagal shaft of male genitalia. The Cofana species were identified based on their body size, the numbers of distinctive black spots on vertex and the presence of spines on pygofer. In case of Maiestas species, ocelli was on the anterior margins of vertex and very close to the eyes, forewings with light brown ‘W’ shaped bands which gave a zig-zagged pattern. A simple key for identification of these species in field level was also prepared. Keywords: Cicadellidae, Nephotettix spp, Cofana spp, Maiestas, morphotaxonomic and male genital characters, India, rice 1. Introduction Leafhoppers, belonging to the Cicadellidae are considered as pest and vectors of economically [1] important crops . These differ from other members of the Auchenorrhyncha by the presence of two or more rows of spines on hind tibiae and pronotum not extending back over abdomen [25].
    [Show full text]
  • Variation in Arthropod Communities in Response to Urbanization: Seven Years of Arthropod Monitoring in a Desert City
    Variation in Arthropod Communities in Response to Urbanization: Seven Years of Arthropod Monitoring in a Desert City By: Christofer Bang, Stanley H. Faeth Bang, C. and Faeth, S.H. 2011. Variation in arthropod communities in response to urbanization: Seven years of arthropod monitoring in a desert city. Landscape and Urban Planning 103(3-4): 383-399. Made available courtesy of Elsevier: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.08.013 ***© Elsevier. Reprinted with permission. No further reproduction is authorized without written permission from Elsevier. This version of the document is not the version of record. Figures and/or pictures may be missing from this format of the document. *** This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Landscape and Urban Planning. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 103, Issue 3-4, (2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.08.013 Abstract: Continuous monitoring is essential to understand dynamics of biological communities in response to urbanization, and to provide guidance in landscape planning for conserving urban biodiversity. Arthropods serve this purpose because they are abundant and diverse in urban areas, and relatively easy to collect. Over seven years, in the Central Arizona Phoenix area, arthropod communities in three urban habitat categories were collected and compared to arthropods in natural desert using pitfall traps and non-parametric analyses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Leafhoppers and Froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea)
    AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Evans, J. W., 1966. The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea). Australian Museum Memoir 12: 1–347. [31 December 1966]. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1967.12.1966.425 ISSN 0067-1967 Published by the Australian Museum, Sydney naturenature cultureculture discover discover AustralianAustralian Museum Museum science science is is freely freely accessible accessible online online at at www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/ 66 CollegeCollege Street,Street, SydneySydney NSWNSW 2010,2010, AustraliaAustralia THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, SYDNEY MEMOIR X I I The Leafhoppers and Froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand (Hornoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea) BY J. W. EVANS* Published by order of the Trustees Sydney, 1966 * 47 Bundarra Road, Bellevue Hill, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia G 2690-1 Registered in Australia for transmission by post as a book SYDNEY: V. C. N. BLIGHT, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, 1966 Contents Part I BIOLOGY. DISTRIBUTION AND EVOLUTION Page Introduction . 5 General characteristics . .. 7 Relationships with other Hornoptera . .. 8 Biology . .. 8 Plant associations . .. 8 The Australian fauna . 9 The New Zealand fauna . 10 The Faunas of New Guinea and New Caledonia Zoogeography . Distribution . Evolution . Abundance . Economic si-gnificance . Some research suggestions . Collecting methods and collections . Part I1 SYSTEMI~TICS Morphology . Characters distinguishing the Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea The Families of the Cicadelloidea . Classification . Eurymelidae . Cicadellidae . Membracidae . The Families of the Cercopoidea . Cercopoidae . Aphrophoridae . Machaerotidae . Acknowledgements . List or new names . References . List of New Zealand Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea . Index . PART I BIOLOGY, DISTRIBUTION AND EVOLUTION Introduction Although the insect faunas of Australia and New Zealand are of remarkable interest, there are very few works which deal in a comprehensive fashion with particular groups.
    [Show full text]