TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE MIDWATER PAIR TRAWL EXPERIMENT TO HARVEST OFFSHORE FL YING BRITISH COLUMBIA 1995

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND REPORT

Prepared by: Captain David Tait Scantec Limited 84 Thornhill Drive Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada 838 1 S3

Prepared for: Department of and Oceans Responsible Operations Program Planning & Coordination 200 Kent Street Station 1412 Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A OE6

and

Deep Sea Trawlers Association of 8 .C. Unit 2, 11771 Horseshoe Way Richmond, 8.C. Canada V7 A 4V4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The project was aimed at diversifying the B.C. trawler fleet sector from fishing pressure stocks into designated underdeveloped species, thereby taking the stress off traditional species.

Since the ban on drift net in the Pacific, total harvesting of Offshore Flying Squid (Ommastrephes bartrami) has been at a standstill.

The Department of Fisheries and Oceans, in cooperation with the Deep Sea Trawlers Association of British Columbia, initiated and funded a project to survey the possibilities of harvesting this species using Pair Midwater Trawl technology. The objective was to evaluate Pair Midwater as an alternative technique to harvest flying squid.

Towing on the surface, and at different levels in the , and introducing diel variations into the fishing pattern, were examples of the experiments made during the project. Surface temperatures were monitored and recorded, and fishing was conducted in different isotherms.

The scope of the search was spread over a large sea area, and as far West as Latitude 45 Degrees North, Longitude 146 Degrees West. The vessels steamed approximately 3,000 miles, and actual fishing time was approximately 60 hours.

No substantial sightings of flying squid were seen, were found using lines, and a test gill net was deployed to verify the presence of squid and by catch.

To prevent unwanted catches of salmon, birds, and marine mammals, a selectivity grid was installed in the trawl. No by catch of mammals, seabirds, or salmonoids were recorded during the experiment, albacore (Thunnus alalunga) was the predominant catch.

Most of the flying squid and pomfret captured during the project were taken at night with the gill net. No other squid species were caught in the gill net. Albacore tunas were caught with the trolling gear in the daytime, and in the midwater trawl at night.

One tow with the trawl at night approximately 20 fathoms from the surface, yielded several species of immature squid, these were meshed in the extension and codend, some squid species were unidentified. Several tows on the surface produced modest amounts of Albacore tuna. No tunas were caught in the trawl during daylight.

The results were not conclusive but revealed some problems associated with searching and harvesting flying squid in the North Pacific, recommendations are also made for future experiments.

SCANTEC LIMITED 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 2

A INTRODUCTION ...... 6

8. PRELIMINARY PROCESS ...... 7 1. Trawl Type ...... 8 2. Selectivity ...... 8 3. Fishing Plan ...... 8 4. Captain and Crew Requirements ...... 8

C. TRIP NARRATIVE ...... 9

D. EQUIPMENT ...... 13

E. FISHING STRATEGY ...... 14 1. Underwater Camera ...... 14 2. Catch Processing ...... 14 3. Freezing Capabilities ...... 15 4. Fishing Operations ...... 15 5. Selectivity Device ...... 16

F. RESULTS ...... 17

G. CONCLUSIONS ...... 18

H. RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 19 1. Visual Sighting of squid possibilities ...... 20 2. Electronic Assistance ...... 20

I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 21

J. REFERENCES ...... 22

SCANTEC LIMITED 3 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Midwater Pair Trawl ...... 23

Figure 2 Midwater Pair Trawl ...... 24

Figure 3 Flying Squid Bycatch Device ...... 25

Figure 4 Grid Configuration Illustrating the Siting of the Underwater Camera and Grid Angle Sensor ...... 26

Figure 5 Schematic of the area covered during the charter ...... 27

Figure 6 Advantages of Surface Fishing with a Kite ...... 28

Figure 7 Scanmar RX-400 ...... 29

SCANTEC LIMITED 4 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Bollard Pull Test Results ...... 31

Tabte 2 Scientific and common names of some species caught during the project ...... 32

Table 3 Pair Trawl Data Sheets ...... 33

Table 4 Pair Trawl Vessel Data ...... 38

SCANTEC LIMITED 5 A. INTRODUCTION

This review does not address the subject of squid biology etc, this topic has been adequately described in several other reports.

The target species was Offshore Flying Squid, jigging has not proved successful in the harvesting of this species, mainly due to the weight of the individual squid that shed tentacles when being hauled up on hooks or barbs. (From Murata et al 1981) Quote "Catches of flying squid were uniformly low and worsened by a 30 to 40% catch loss due to these large squid falling off the lures when hauled out of the water. In Japanese waters this species readily breaks off (automizes) its two prey grasping tentacles during jigging operations and falls back into the sea." Unquote.

After a series of preliminary discussions among all the relevant parties an agreement was made in principle to go with the project. Deep Sea Trawlers Association of British Columbia (DSTA) issued a request to its members to solicit trawler captains who were interested in using their vessels in the experiment, seven owners responded. A short list of suitable vessels was compiled, and after inspection by the consultant, two vessels were selected from the list.

The Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) Resource Managements were contacted and alerted to the possibilities of conducting the project, and a request was made for experimental licenses for the two vessels. All concerns were met, and licenses were issued for the charter period.

An observer was supplied by Archipelago of Victoria B.C . to log data on species and fishing operations.

Pair Midwater Trawls with selectivity devices installed, and a sophisticated package of electronics were supplied for the project period. This equipment was supplemented by contracting an electronic/gear technician and two experienced Midwater Pair Trawl specialists for the duration of the project.

SCANTEC LIMITED 6 B. PRELIMINARY PROCESS

Several preliminary meetings were held to formulate policy and guidelines to be used during the charter period. These meetings were attended by DFO personnel that included the Scientific Authority for the project, Hydrographic, and Scientific branch, also present were representatives from DSTA and the consultancy group.

DSTA solicited its members for interested vessel owners, and from the replies a short list of vessels was drawn up. These vessels were in the size range 70 to 110 feet, and engine Horsepower from seven hundred to one thousand. Two vessels would be selected from either end of the horsepower scale. Compatibility in hulls and machinery was an important factor, and both vessels were required to perform a bollard test to establish power parameters (see Table 1) .

Limited deck alterations were necessary to conduct operations. The pair trawls, bridles, and hardware were suppl ied for the experiment.

The need to identify potential by catch species, and fix allowable totals was discussed, as was the use of selective harvesting processes, such as the type of selectivity devices to install in the fishing gear.

A cost recovery system was established, and a review of the handling and processing technology for the target species, and any marketable by catch species, was held.

Pair Trawling Consultants, gear, and electronics experts helped in the development of a fishing operations plan. This included a period for Captain and crew training, an area of operations, the period of experimental fishing, and the use of selectivity devices. A system was also formulated for data logging and reporting protocols.

Literature searches were generated, and all available reports relating to biological behaviour, distribution, and capture of flying squid were studied. The DFO Scientific branch supplied historic information on flying squid harvesting relating to specific areas, by catch possibilities, and temperatures. The DFO Hydrographic branch supplied historic monthly and annual current temperature profiles for the NW Pacific.

Consultants were contracted to supply technical assistance in the selection of the vessels. This included two experienced pair trawl experts to transfer the technology on the commercial application of the pair trawl technique, including training of the Captains and crews.

A requirement for at least one vessel to have freezing capabilities was met with the selection of the MV "Viking Storm," the vessel chosen to partner him was the MV "Eastward Ho" (see Table 4).

SCANTEC LIMITED 7 1. Trawl Type

Information from Japanese squid reports suggests that most of the fishing effort was on the surface. Pair Trawling on the surface is conducted by letting out short wire, this means the vessels must keep close to one another, or risk damaging the trawl.

Pelagic surface fishing using a kite, enables the trawl to be towed further astern, and the distance between the vessels can be increased, creating more of a silent area, and reducing the chance of fish diving when disturbed.

2. Selectivity

To reduce the incidence of catching non target species, a selectivity grid was installed in the extension. The angle and behaviour of this device were monitored with a grid angle/flow sensor. Underwater cameras were used to observe gear and species behaviour.

3. Fishing Plan

The timing of the project and the search areas were decided after studying project reports, DFO temperature information, and consultations with DFO biologists and fishers. It was well established that the species is temperature oriented, and modern satellite imagery equipment was used in an attempt to show surface temperatures in real time.

4. Captain and Crew Requirements

Vessels with Captains and crews who had previous pelagic trawling experience were given preference. A minimum crew requirement for the project period was the Captain plus five crew members.

It was imperative that the two Captains were compatible. The following system was devised:

Captain Kelly Andersen with the "Viking Storm" was nominated for the leading role. The task of hooking up towing warps, and shooting and hauling the gill net was given to Captain Jim Trimm on the "Eastward Ho." Fishing operation decisions were reached after prior consultation with one another and the Pair Trawl Advisors. When fishing, the Captain of the vessel with the trawl in the water had absolute control of the operation.

Final briefings before sailing were attended by the two captains and the pair trawl specialists. Meetings were also held with the fishing observer who was supplied by a private company. On return to harbour a debriefing session was held to discuss the major findings.

SCANTEC LIMITED 8 C. TRIP NARRATIVE

August 8. The project commenced on and began with the installation of the fishing gear onboard the vessels.

August 12. This phase was completed including bollard pull tests on both vessels.

August 13. Sea trials were held and some gear data was recorded and the captains and crews received some training in the technique.

August 14. Preparing for sailing at 10 pm.

August 15. Both vessels sailed up Inner Sound and topped up at Port Hardy with water and fuel.

August 16. At 9 am the vessels were at position Lat. 50 53N Lon. 130 29W in the Dellwood Seamount area and commenced searching South over the seamount range. The surface temperature was 14.6 C and no mammals or birds were seen. Surface temperatures of 15c to 15.4c were maintained all the way South to a position Lat. 50 05N Lon. 131 37W where the trawl was set to tow in the dark. The echosounders displayed what looked like feeding at the 10 fathom zone on the echosounders. This tow was a combination of tests including captain and crew training, determining what was being recording on the echosounders, and how far we could travel towing the trawl in relation to a fleet of gill nets.

August 17. The vessels covered 30 miles in five hours. No squid were in the codend, and the camera confirmed that it was plankton and marine organisms displayed on the echosounders. The gear was hauled in position Lat. 49 34W Lon.131 18W and then the vessels steamed East to Lat. 48 59N Lon. 130 21 W. The water colours changed to a dark blue, no sign of life on the echosounders and no visual signs.

August 18. Approached the Heck Seamounts Lat. 48 39N Lon. 123 44W. The vessels then steered to a position Lat. 47 43N Lon. 130 14W and then altered West in an attempt to decrease the water temperature and arrived at Lat. 48 04N Lon. 133 35W. There was extreme cloud cover and it was proving difficult to obtain satellite passes from the Metmap system. The wind had now increased to force seven to eight and we stopped fishing activities and dodged into the wind, the Metmap system showed the weather front passing over us. Searched West for 120 miles to position Lat. 48 12N Lon. 136N 25W. The wind decreased to force four and the swell moderated.

SCANTEC LIMITED 9 August 19. Weather moderated to calm, steamed West during the night. The temperature was 14.4 at position Lat. 48 11 N Lon. 136 09W. Both vessels with decklights on continuously. Investigating direction of temperature thermoclines. During the night plankton were observed on the echosounder at 15 fathoms, there was also an indication of jellyfish in the water, no birds or mammals were seen. During the day the water was a deep blue color, one or two sunfish were seen visually. Listened to offshore tuna reports, the best fishing was 480 miles West of our position. The "Eastward Ho" had his sonar on continuously without success.

Picked up a temperature edge and shot the trawl with the escape hole closed to decide if we were losing fish. On hauling, no fish were in front of the grid or behind it. The freezing system on the "Viking Storm" stopped operating and we lay seven hours attempting to repair it. Afterwards the vessels steamed from position Lat. 48 12N Lon. 135 45W to Lat. 53 1SN Lon. 135 40W.

August 20. The freezer was repaired and both vessels were stopped in Position Lat. 49 59N Lon. 135 43W and received permission to extend the charter by three days. They then started to steam to the U.S. tuna vessels position at Position Lat. 144 00 Lon. 45 OOW.

August 21. Position Lat.47 20N Lon . 140 1OW . Temperature 14.2C no sign of plankton on the echosounders. The first Albacore tuna was caught on the trolling lines, several more were on the hooks but were not caught.

August 22. Position Lat. 46 55N Lon. 141 02W. Here six tunas were caught simultaneously on the trolling lines so it was decided to try the pair trawl. Temperature fluctuation in the area ranged from 15.2C to 15.?C, this was the first time we had experienced this. We shot the trawl and towed at a speed of 5.9 knots with a trawl opening of 14.8 fathoms. The kite was on the surface with 200 fathoms of wire out. When the gear was hauled there was no fish so the vessels kept steaming West to Position Lat. 45 28N Lon. 143 59W. Vessel speed was reduced in this area and some tuna were caught on the trolling lines. There was a better sign of dolphins and birds in this area, the U.S. tuna vessels were still 60 miles West of us.

August 23. Shooting the trawl in Position Lat. 45 28N Lon. 144 OOW. Temperature 15.2C. Towing speed six to six and a half knots. Several tunas were caught during towing with the trolling lines. Hauled with no fish, it looks like daylight is not the best time for the trawl. We decided to try this general area in the dark. The gillnet was shot before the

SCANTEC LIMITED 10 pair trawl and the temperature was 15.9C. Experiments continued and the captains requested that the towing speed be decreased to four knots for a time. About 20 squid were seen on the surface and towing speed was increased to maximum. Ten tunas and several pounds of juvenile squid of mixed species were caught but no large squid. The camera showed the behaviour of a tuna in the net.

August 24. The "Eastward Ho" hauled the gill net and it was rolled up in several places, there were a few flying squid and six bluefin sharks. Since the vessel was not rigged to haul gill nets, the process took several hours. Left from Position Lat. 45 33N Lon. 143 53W to steam to Position Lat 45 OSN Lon. 146 47W. On arrival at this position it was dark and we saw 12 to 15 tuna trailers from the US. The temperature increased to 16.4C. The gillnet was not set in case we created a gear conflict, we shot the trawl. The wind was force four with a moderate swell. The pair trawl was towed on the surface and caught eight tunas, it was a choppy sea and seeing squid on the surface was not easy, a total of four were seen. Departing Position Lat. 45 21 N Lon. 146 41 W for Position Lat. 45 51 N Lon. 144 SSW. The vessels steamed East to try and get more fishing time from the time left on the charter. All of the upright bars on the grid were removed. Shot the gill net and the trawl in Position Lat. 45 45N Lon. 144 52W. Tried deep water wire in the dark at the request of the captain. Temperature 15.9C.

August 25. Wind force four moderate swell. As usual there is so much cloud cover that it is interrupting signals from the satellites with temperature information. Hauled the trawl and there were many juvenile squid and tentacles meshed in the extension and codend. No flying squid were caught, the trawl headline was at 12 fathoms. Hauled the gill net and caught 28 tunas, nine blue sharks, 12 skilfishes, 24 pomfrets, 30 flying squid. The gill net was fishing the top 30 feet next to the surface. No indications were seen either visually or electronically that squid were present in the vicinity. Only the evidence caught by the gill net suggested this. Now steering for Position Lat. 48 30N Lon. 129 53W which is near the Heck Seamounts. The distance is 633 miles.

August 25, 26, and 27. Steaming inshore.

August 28. Position Lat. 48 33N Lon. 129 34W. Shooting deep wire as an experiment, added to the main weights. All sensors and cameras on the trawl, the temperature is 18.1 C. Hauled in Position Lat. 48 22N Lon. 129 06W. No fish in the codend plenty

SCANTEC LIMITED 11 evidence of jelly fish in the trawl. Still practising shooting hauling and manoeuvring with captains and crews. At Position Lat. 48 24N Lon. 128 OSW. Shooting gill net and trawl and trying short warps as an experiment. Caught six jack and one shark. Hauled the gill net and caught five squid, 90 pomfret, and eight blue sharks.

August 29. Steaming for port

August 30. Arrived in Steveston at 8.30 am . This was the completion of the charter.

SCANTEC LIMITED 12 D. EQUIPMENT

For a description of the two vessels, their horsepower, and equipment (see Table 4).

The test gill net had a mesh size of 4 %", the dimensions were 1 mile long and the depth was 90 meshes. The trolling lines were monofilament, with tuna hooks and feather lures.

The Pair Trawl on the "Eastward Ho" was supplied by S and S Fishing Company Ltd. of Steveston, B. C. This trawl was rigged with a Morgere kite and a grid fitted by Cantrawl.

The Pair Trawl on the "Viking Storm" was supplied by Gemini Fisheries Limited of Caraquet, New Brunswick, this trawl had a proven track record in the mackerel and herring fisheries. The trawl was supplied with a Nordsea Flex Kite (see Figure 6) and and a Nordsea selectivity grid (see Figure 3).

Kite principals are well known, as the trawl moves through the water the panels are held in position forward and above the headrope by the kite bridles and floats. The flow of water against the inclined panels forces the kite and headrope upward in much the same way as the performance of an aircraft wing on take off.

When setting a trawl with a kite it is essential that the kite is not fouled. This poses no problems with small mesh, but requires learning the proper techniques with large mesh nets. Modern kites constructed from synthetic materials are easily wound onto the Netdrum without harm. They do not interfere with the use of either wireless or third wire net sounders.

In trawling situations where frequent stops and starts are common, a kite is better used as a supplement to trawl floats rather than a replacement. In most trawling applications, especially on the surface, and in high speed trawling or trawling with large mesh, kites offer outstanding performance and simplicity.

The trawl used on the "Eastward Ho" was a Lummi Trawl rigged by Cantrawl Pacific with a Morgere kite and a grid.

SCANTEC LIMITED 13 E. FISHING STRATEGY

With no data being available on pair trawling for squid, data from Asian gill net fishing was heavily relied on. Japanese scientists compiling literature on flying squid in the NW Pacific suggest that they are found mainly in temperature ranges between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius. This data was used with information from DFO biologists and oceanographers on squid and sea surface temperature reports in an attempt to find the most potential grounds.

Searching took place on the 15-degree isotherm and near upwellings at seamounts where plankton may have been present. Both vessels searched a wide area (see Figure 5), they made tows at night and in daylight, on the surface, and at depth, to evaluate marks seen on the echosounder. A Gill net was used to confirm the presence of flying squid, tuna trolling equipment was also used. Tunas were caught while trolling at a speed of seven to eight knots. Visual observations were made on seabirds, mammals, and even squid themselves swimming on the surface.

1. Underwater Camera

The camera recorded the positions of the grid in the extension looking both forward and aft. Once a tuna was seen swimming forward of the grid. The fish easily swam forward looking for an escape route and had no trouble exceeding the towing speed. This did not seem like a short burst, but looked like a normal cruising speed for the animal.

On another tow, while targeting a strip of light marks on the echosounder many marine organisms were observed on the camera. No fish were caught and it must be presumed that this was what was seen on the echosounder.

Other visual observations included skilfish captured in the top few meshes of the gill net, with squid and other species caught randomly.

Some tuna caught with the trolling gear had several different species of small squid in their stomachs, these squid were 3 inches long, and were not the type we were targeting.

2. Catch Processing

Pomfret, Blue Shark, Skilfish and Albacore Tuna were frozen whole. Squid was hand cleaned before freezing, this technique was slow, no machinery was onboard for cleaning and preparing, a skinning machine was available but was not used.

Soon after capture, the flying squid were slit along the silvery stripe on the ventral midline from the mantle opening to the fin insertion, special knives were used for this purpose. The head with the tentacle attached and viscera were removed intact from the mantle, they then removed the fins from the mantle and placed them in separate piles.

After receiving a thorough seawater rinse, the mantles, fins, and heads with tentacles

SCANTEC LIMITED 14 attached were packed in separate stainless steel trays. When fully packed, each tray weighed an average of 10 kilos. The dimensions of each tray was (50 cm x 31 cm x 8 cm).

The trays were inserted in the freezer for approximately six hours and were then removed and immersed in seawater to release the product from the tray. Squid were again immersed in seawater to glaze and were then stowed in the freezing holding area. Tuna were bled and washed and frozen singly. Skilfish and Pomfret were just washed and stowed in trays in the freezer, all species were glazed by immersing in seawater.

3. Freezing Capabilities

The owners installed a new freezing system on the vessel "Viking Storm" The basic system was a Freon 507 system driven by a Carlisle screw compressor. Freezing plates reduced the temperature to -40 C enabling the system to freeze 9091 kilos per day in four 2,273 kilo loads. The product was then stored in holding tanks at -25C. Freezing, capacity per day was 20,000 lbs.

4. Fishing Operations

A common misconception among some persons is that all squid species are identical, both in the physical and behavioural sense. This of course is not so, but frequently they identify llex, Loligo, and Offshore Flying Squid as one species. In some fisheries harvesting is conducted of the two former species with bottom and pelagic trawls, but no records exist of attempts to capture Flying Squid by these methods. They have also harvested the llex and Loligo varieties with jigging machines.

The Pair Midwater fishing technique requires two vessels to tow one net between them, and during the project the fishing activities were interlinked with the training of the Captains and crews.

Both vessels were matched up in power using a tension meter (see Table 1 ). Once they installed the fishing gear and electronics, trials were conducted.

Trawl testing and fine tuning commenced in an area 6 miles West of Sannich Point in 177 Fathoms. (Lat.49 07 degree's North. Lon. 123 28 Degrees West.)

With the Gemini Nordsea trawl, a technique was developed where the pair trawl was towed on the surface, and as far astern of the vessels as possible. This enabled the vessels to increase their separation distance and create a larger area of quiet water between them. The rationale for this was that the majority of fishing was on the surface, having the gear as far from the propeller noise as possible would be advantageous (see Figure 6).

Using the kite technology produced these results. New ground was broken in pelagic fishing, when the gear was towed three/quarters of a mile astern on the surface, with the trawl retaining the correct geometry.

SCANTEC LIMITED 15 Since surface fishing was to play an important part in the experiment, the Gemini Fisheries trawl was rigged for surface fishing. Surface fishing requires different techniques than that of ordinary pelagic trawling.

The trawl acted extremely well on trials, staying on the surface with 225 fathoms of wire payed out. The trawl geometry was good, with the opening between 14 and 17 fathoms depending on the vessel separation distance, towing speeds ranged from 5.5 to 6.5 knots.

The trawl on the "Eastward Ho" was tested, and initially gave a five fathom opening at full speed, this opening improved at lower towing speeds. The trawl was never used again during the project.

The high towing speed was thought necessary because squid are extremely fast swimmers. They thrust themselves by the intake of water into their mantle opening and squirt it in high pressure jets through the funnel. Squid can regulate their swimming speed and direction, which is usually reversed or backwards.

5. Selectivity Device

To el iminate the incidental bycatch of mammals, seabirds, sharks, salmon and other marine organisms, a selector grid was installed in the trawl extension (see Figure 3).

SCANTEC LIMITED 16 F. RESULTS

No substantial bodies of squid were found. During one tow, one of the vessels counted twenty five individual squid on the surface, and the other saw twenty. This was over a towing period of several hours and over a distance more than 20 miles. A Polish 's scientist W Blady, has assessed the maximum squid density at 1000 individuals /cu/m.

Some Albacore tuna were caught on several tows, these were only caught at night. Several tries in the daylight produced none, although some were caught on the trolling lines while towing the trawl.

The project results confirmed previous Japanese reports on the use of Sonar to detect squid. The "Eastward Ho" had his sonar running almost continuously but was unable to detect squid. When traces were seen on the echosounder, they were checked by towing through them, but in the main they turned out to be feeding and marine organisms.

Ommastrephid do produce echo traces (Kawaguchi and Nazumi 1972) and it is considered reliable and widely used in the NW Pacific by the Japanese squid jigging fleet (Matsui et al. 1972; Hamabe et al 1982).

However with both vessels running echosounders continuously, it was not possible to verify any echo traces as being squid. If squid do approach the upper waters at night then it is possible that the transducers on a vessel can be set too low to detect them.

Information and data was gathered on harvesting and search tactics for flying squid, and the possibility of applying the pair midwater trawl technique to other species.

SCANTEC LIMITED 17 G. CONCLUSIONS

The experiment proved that it is possible to harvest albacore tuna using the pair midwater technique. Big Eye and Yellowfin tuna are being successfully harvested on the East coast of the U.S. using the identical design of trawl and kite technology as those used in the project. The project technical advisors and the senior captain all agreed that this first attempt to harvest flying squid, although unsuccessful, deserved further efforts. They also recommended that future undertakings should incorporate innovative ideas and be structured around the knowledge accumulated during the project.

One of the main findings resulting from the project, is that search procedures should be refined. Lack of this experience continually thwarted the captains efforts to detect squid, either visually or electronically, search procedures were virtually shut down in rough weather.

Reports have indicated that when jigging, and single pelagic trawling, certain lunar periods have affected catch rates and reduced squid catches at and around a full moon, and also during inclement weather.

More intelligence is required on what to search for, i.e. , birds, mammals, echosounder traces, etc. With so little searching power, radio reports on squid sightings from other vessels cannot be depended on , unlike the former Japanese drift netting squid fleet passing fish ing information to one another daily. During the 1980's at least 300 Japanese vessels were involved in this fishery. The project search pattern was based on reports on Canadian and Japanese gill netting information such as fish ing activities and temperature profiles now several years old.

Because of the migrating patterns of flying squid, finding them with two vessels is difficult. Unlike the Japanese fleet system where vessels on the periphery of the fleet find squid and relay this information to the rest of the fleet. During the 1980's they could see up to 100 Asian squid vessels in a 12-mile perimeter, each with 30 to 35 miles of gill nets. This is a heavy concentration of searching, dwarfing the efforts of the two charter vessels.

Since the species are transient and do not occur on specific locations annually having more vessels is advantageous when searching. This searching, finding, and tracking the species is seen as a major impediment in the harvesting of flying squid.

Long steaming times, and with the possibility of protracted searching periods, more time will have to be allocated to any future project. This would apply to any tuna activities that may be contemplated.

The size and weight of the flying squid captured in the gill net would exclude the possibility of jigging this species as a means of harvesting.

SCANTEC LIMITED 18 H. RECOMMENDATIONS

Several points are worthy of discussion:

Captains who have traditionally operated with groundfish gear have to readjust their habits of trying to detect hard and soft ground on the echosounder, and towing along a steep edge. In a fishery where temperature is a predominant feature, they will now have to detect variable isotherms and tow along the edge of them.

During the project both vessels had their decklights on when towing and had their searchlights pointed inwards. They recommend surface illumination for jigging operations so that the jigging lines are active mainly within the boundary zone between the shadow of the vessel and the lighted area. It is in this boundary zone that squid gather.

With the benefit of hindsight, the searchlights may have induced squid to enter the dark zone at the vessels. This would let them escape under the trawl wires where they would have no contact with the trawl.

Larger trawls may have to be considered, or trawls with more lateral opening could be examined, it may not be necessary to have a large vertical opening. It is recommend that any new design should be flume tank tested before full scale construction.

Rigging of lights on the headline/footrope of the trawl may induce capture of squid. Fishing with short wire would enable the use of a direct link from the vessel.

Due to the possibility of long steaming and search times for squid, the harvesting of albacore tuna and pomfret presents commercial possibilities. This fishery may also require a trawl redesign and would let the vessel harvest an alternative species.

Both vessels had low frequency echosounders, the highest being 50 kHz. Since squid do not have a swim bladder, and produce a weak acoustic target strength, using a higher frequency such as 180 or 200 kHz should be of benefit. Temperature searches were hindered by the fact that "Viking Storm" was the only vessel rigged with a temperature meter.

Japanese reports also suggest that sound may play a part in squid harvesting. If correct frequencies can be established, this may also be possible. Successful modern seal scarers for sites are based on the emission of soundwaves.

If any future work, at least one other vessel should be added for search duties only. This vessel should carry a test gill net and one experienced Asian gill net captain who should be familiar with squid detection procedures.

SCANTEC LIMITED 19 1. Visual Sighting of squid possibilities

Presence of mammals and birds. (Daylight) Colour of the water (Daylight) Visual observations with lights at night (Night) Test gear such as gill net (Night) Tuna jiggers (Locating tuna that may be feeding on squid) Historic data (Unreliable) Lunar Phases (Affects night fishing)

2. Electronic Assistance

Temperature charts by Fax (Any time) Satellite mapping system. (Cloud cover - Doubtful of 100% coverage) On board temperature probe (Anytime) Sonar (High Frequency) Echosounder (High Frequency) A temperature sensor on the trawl. (Anytime) Fleet tracking system (Best so far) Lights on Fishing Gear (Night)

SCANTEC LIMITED 20 I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Scantec Limited would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone who participated in the experiment. In particular Andrew Duthie, Doug March, Sandy McFarlane, David Pugh, and Captains Kelly Anderson, and Jim Trimm and their crews.

SCANTEC LIMITED 21 J. REFERENCES

Macfarlane, S.A.; Yamamoto, M., 1974. The squid of British Columbia as a potential fishery resource - a preliminary report. Technical report. 447. Fisheries Research Board of Canada.

Jamieson, G.S.; Heritage, G.D., June 1987. Experimental Flying Squid Fishing off British Columbia, 1985 and 1986. Canadian Industry Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 179. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.

Bernard, F.R., April 1981. Canadian West Coast Flying Squid Experimental Fishery. Canadian Industry Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 122. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.

Sloan, N.A., August 1984. Canadian-Japanese Experimental Fishery for Oceanic Squid off British Columbia, Summer 1983. Canadian Industry Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 152. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.

Robinson, S.M.C.; Jamieson, G.S., July 1984. Report on a Canadian Commercial Fishery for Flying Squid Using Drifting Gill Nets off the Coast of British Columbia. Canadian Industry Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 150. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.

Jamieson, G.S.; Heritage, G.D., May 1988. Experimental Flying Squid Fishery off British Columbia, 1987. Canadian Industry Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 186. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.

Waldron, D.E.; Gray, D.F., 1978. The effects of gear type on the Japanese squid (lllex illecebrosus) fishery. International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries. Serial No. 5166. ICNAF Res. Doc. 78/11/14.

SCANTEC LIMITED 22 SIDE

Variable Meshsize 8.0mm TENEl< Rope Mesh

162cm 210/384

80cm t--210/180 4----- 40cm 210/120 l 20cm 210/120 I 10cm 210/84 I

~------·------

NORDSEA Limited 84 Thornhill Drive - Dartmouth, N.S. Canada B3B 1S3 Tel: (902) 468-1355 Fax: (902) 4·68-3004

Midwater Pair Trawl

TRAWL SIZE: 58 x 574cm HEAOROPE LOA: 5620cm Figure 1 1------r------CIRCUMFERENCE: 33292cm FOOTROPE LOA: 5620cm 1------TWINE SURFACE AREA: 129.0M2 LOA:

DATE: September 1991 FILENAME: 58X574.DWG ·------__J~------'-----__JL______,

SCANTEC LIMITED 23 SCANTEC LIMITED 24 (/) 0 )> z -I NORDSEA LIMITED m 0 ~ r 84 Thornhill Drive, Burnside Industrial Park, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada 838 1S3

.~ =i Telephone: (902) 468-1355 (902) 835-8419 Facsimile: (902) 468-3004 Email: nordsea @ fox.nstn.ca m 0

NON-SQUID BY CATCH RELEASE HOLE

OTHER SPECIES

Figure 3 FLYING SQUID BYCATCH DEVICE N Ul SQUID

95/6/FSl Figure 4 - Grid Configuration Illustrating the Siting of the en 0 )> Underwater Camera and Grid Angle Sensor z -I m 0 c: ~ =i m 0

Bycatch Release =~------~i--- /~-~t::===-=:::_Area ~.~------~~

'------!---''·~ Camera Siting ~·Grid Sensor (45 degrees) ~ end

l\J O> Figure 5 - Schematic of the area covered during the charter ·:·.' ~ . )......

...... 60°-

50°-

40°-

30°-·".

. :(·· ·...... ·... . . ·...... : . ... · .

Not to Scale.

150° 140° 130° 120°

SCANTEC LIMITED 27 (/) 0 Figure 6 - Advantages of Surface Fishing with a Kite )> z -I m 0 r ~ =i m 0

USING SHORT WIRE FOR SURFACE FISHING. NO KITE

SURFACE FISHING WITH A KITE

I\.) ()) Figure 7 - Scanmar RX 400

r e nc nd canmar· 0 rovides oppor unities.

SCANTEC LI MITED 29 Figure 7 (Continued) ~ RX 400

Trawling is an operation filled with question marks! How deep or how high is the trawl? Is there fish in the trawl opening? Are the doors operating as they should? Is the temperature right? Is the selectivity gear working as it should? Is the trawl fishing and the codend filling up?

Scanmar have chosen to focus on the important factors when trawling and offer a tool to improve your efficiency.

No range problem! Interfaced with the echosounder you will have a complete picture of the The RX 400 has implemented situation on one screen. the latest technology avail­ To see is to know! Upgrading? able in the receiver, ensuring A graphic presentation of It is easy to upgrade your reliable communication your trawl gear's behaviour is Scanmar system from an old between the sensors on the a great advantage compared type cabinet into this new trawl and the vessel . to the older type of cabinets. system. The hydrophone A quick glance at the screen installation and the sensors presents you with the situa­ you already have may still tion right now, as well as the be used. But on top of that, development over the last Scanmar will trade in 20 - 30 minutes. your old cabinet.

SCANTEC LIMITED 30 Table 1 - Bollard Pull Test Results

Conducted Bollard pull tests on both vessels. Ballantynes Wharf, Vancouver Harbour. Wind light. Flood tide Hydraulic Tension meter.

Eastward Ho.

RPM Tons Pull 1128 12.5 885 8 615 4

The Eastward Ho RPM was taken at the shaft with a hand held tachometer. No Tacho installed.

Viking Storm.

RPM Tons Pull 1750 13.5 1710 12.5 1300 8 950 4

SCANTEC LIMITED 31 Table 2 - Scientific and common names of some species caught during the project

Ommastrephes bartrami ...... Flying Squid Onychoteuthis borealijaponica ...... Nail Squid Loligo opalescens ...... Opal Squid

Prionace glauca ...... Blue Shark . Lamna ditropis ...... Salmon Shark Alopias vulpinus ...... Thresher Shark lsurus oxyrinenus ...... Bonito Shark Dasyatis violacea ...... Pelagic Stingray

· Brama japonica ...... Pomfret Taractes asper ...... Rough Pomfret

Thunnus alalunga ...... Albacore Trachurus symmetricus ...... Jack Mackerel Thunnus thynnus ...... Bluefin Tuna Thunnus albacares ...... Yellowfin Tuna Seriola lalandi ...... Yellowtail Pentaceros richardsoni ...... Pelagic Armourhead Erilepis zonifer ...... Skilfish Cololabis saira ...... Pacific Saury lcosteus aenigmaticus ...... Ragfish Mola mola ...... Ocean Sunfish Alepisaurus ferox ...... Longnose Lancetfish Sebastes melanops ...... Black Rockfish Luvarus imperialis ...... Louvar Family Kyphosidae ...... Sea Chubs

SCANTEC LIMITED 32 Table 3 - Pair Trawl Data Sheets: Flying Squid Project B.C. August 1995

Date: August 13, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 49 07 88 N Long 123 28 76 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

75 007 Surface 5.6

100 0075 Surface 5.4

125 008 Surface 14 5.5

150 0085 Surface 14 5.8

175 .10 Surface 17 5.7

200 .11 Surface 15 5.2

225 .14 Surface 5.2

Remarks:

Fishing trials conducted in area 6 miles west of Sannich Point in 177 fathoms. Kite went down with 250 fathoms out.

Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 16, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 50 05 N Long 131 37 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

200 .014 Surface 6 15.2

200 .018 Surface 11 6 15 175 - - 5.7 - 150 .149 Surface 11 5.4 - 150 .110 Surface 12.2 6.5 15.9

Remarks:

Fishing operations conducted in the dark. Some dolphins, no birds or fish marks.

SCANTEC LIMITED 33 Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 19, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 16 38 N Long 135 34 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

200 .193 Surface 13.4 6 2.3 46 15.4

175 .175 Surface 11 .2 6.2 1.9 47 15.7

Remarks:

Kite is just beneath the surface. No visual signs seen . No marks on echosounders.

Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B. C. August 1995

Date: August 21 , 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 46 54 N Long 141 05 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

175 .100 Surface 12.1 5.5 15.8

200 .095 Surface 14.8 5.6

200 .105 Surface 14.1 6.1 15.7

Remarks:

SCANTEC LIMITED 34 Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. 8 .C . August 1995

Date: August 22, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 45 30 N Long 144 00 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

150 .018 Under 12.2 22 6.1 2.1 49 15.9 15.4 Surface

150 Under 10.8 2.9 50 Surface

175 .100 Under 10.9 23 5.9 2.9 49 15.9 15.4 Surface

175 .110 Under 12 23 5.9 2.2 15.9 15.3 Surface

200 Under 5.9 15.9 15.4 Surface

Remarks:

Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. 8 . C. August 1995

Date: August 22, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 45 47 N Long 144 07 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

150 .104 11 17.5 4 2.4 48 15.8

150 .104 10.9 17.5 4 2.4 48 15.8

150 .104 11 .2 17.7 4 2.4 48 15.8

150 .104 10 17.2 4 2.1 50 15.9

Remarks:

Testing to'Ning at a reduced speed of 4 knots. Trawl levelled out at 11 .2 fathoms from the surface with a steady 17.5 fathom opening.

SCANTEC LIMITED 35 Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 22, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 45 47 N Long 144 07 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

150 .101 Surface 16.1 5.5 2.9 49 15.9

150 .101 Surface 15.5 5.3 2.8 49 16

150 .101 Surface 16 6.5 3 50 16

150 .101 Surface 15 .9 6.2 2.9 50 15.9

150 .101 Surface 15.8 5.7 3.3 48 15.7

150 .101 Surface 16.2 6.2 2.4 50 16.3

150 .101 Surface 16.1 6.2 2.9 50 16

Remarks:

Full towing speed (6.4 knots). Good kite action on the surface. Excellent Scan mar data. Caught 10 Albacore Tuna.

Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 24, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 45 10 N Long 146 01 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

175 .110 Surface 16.4 5.5 16.1

175 .110 Surface 15.8 5.9 16.1

175 .110 Surface 16 4.8 3.9 47 16.1

175 .110 Surface 14.6 4.9 1.9 49 16.1

175 .110 Surface 15.3 4.9 2.6 49 16.2

175 .110 Surface 16.1 5.1 2.5 48 16.2

175 .110 Surface 16.5 5.5 2.2 48 16.2

Remarks:

SCANTEC LIMITED 36 Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 25, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 45 45 N Long 144 51 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type of Trawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 585 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

300 .175 26est 16.4 5.8 16.2

300 .175 26est 16 5.6 16.2

300 .175 26 est 16.5 4.9 16.1

300 .175 26 est 16.8 4.3 16.2

300 .175 26 est 16.8 4.8 16.2

Remarks:

Experimenting with deep wire in the dark. Several types of juvenile squid meshed in extension and codends.

Pair Trawl Data Sheet: Flying Squid Project. B.C. August 1995

Date: August 28, 1995 Fishing Area Location: Lat 48 30 26 N Long 129 35 14 W Vessel Names: Viking Storm Eastward Ho Vessel HP: 900 HP 800 HP Type ofTrawl: Nordsea 58 x 364 Main Weights: 1,200 lbs.

Warp Distance Headline Opening Wing Towing Grid Grid Surface Net Length Apart Depth Fm Fm Spread Speed Water Angle Temp Temp Fm NM Fm Knots Flow Degrees Celsius Celsius Knots

300 .16 31 .4 13.8 5.5 2.8 46 17.2

300 .16 31 13.6 5.4 17.2

500 .25 85.4 13.9 5.2 17.2

500 .25 85 13.2 5 17.2

500 .25 85.1 13.2 5.2 17.3

600 .25 116 13.5 5.1 17.4

600 .25 111 13.4 5 17.4

600 .25 110 12.8 5.1 17.4

600 .25 109 13.6 5.3 17.6

600 .25 114 14.6 5.2 17.6

Remarks:

Experiment with deep wire at extreme depth in daylight.

SCANTEC LIMITED 37 Table 4 - Pair Trawl Vessel Data

VESSEL REGISTRATION AND DIMENSIONS:

VESSEL NAME: "Eastward Ho"

OWNER/SKIPPER: Garv Siomund

TOWN: Vancouver

PROVINCE: British Columbia

PELAGIC EXPERIENCE: Yes ( X ) No( )

LENGTH:

t:li::/\U·

ENGINE HORSEPOWER AND PROPELLER DIMENSIONS:

TYPE OF ENGINE: CAT

HP: 800

RED. GEAR:

PROP. DIA.: 78" Fixed

PROP. PITCH: 38

VARIABLE PITCH: Yes ( ) No( X)

NOZZLE: Yes ( X) No( )

SIDE THRUSTER: Yes ( ) No( X)

BOLLARD PULL (LBS.):

WINCH PARTICULARS:

MAIN WINCH: Split ( ) Double ( )

WINCH CONTROLS: Bridge ( ) Deck ( ) Dual ( ) Winchroom on top deck

WIRE CAPACITY: Fathoms ( 800 ) Diameter ( 718" l

BRAKING/ SHOOTING: Mechanical ( x) Power ( x )

WINCH PULL (FULL DRUM): Karmoy Lbs.

MEAN DRUM: Lbs.

EMPTY DRUM: Lbs.

WINCH HAULING SPEED: 500 fm in 20 mins. rpm fpm

FULL: rpm fpm

~Ai= ll P\I · •P"\m ·~~

SCANTEC LIMITED 38 NET DRUM PARTICULARS:

NET DRUM: Single ( 3 ) Double ( )

LINE PULL (EMPTY):

LINE PULL (FULL):

REVERSE: Brake ( X) Power ( X)

REVERSE SPEED: rom OK

DIMENSIONS:

(D) FLANGE DIAMETER: 8 feet 9 inches

(d) CORE DIAMETER: feet 21 inches

(L) DISTANCE BETWEEN FLANGES: 6 feet 10 inches

NET DRUM C.M.: meters

SIDE COMPARTMENT: Yes ( x) No ( )

COMPARTMENT DIMENSIONS: Inner Flanoe Dia. Width

BRIDLE CAPACITY: Split in Middle.

ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT:

RADAR TYPE: (2) Furuno VRM: Yes( X l No( )

ECHOSOUNDERS TYPE( (2) Furuno & Koden S): 50 Kcs 28/50 Kcs

COLOR OR PAPER: PaQer for Furuno 1 color for Koden

POWER: FREQUENCY:

RADIO TYPE: (1) SSB

POWER:

MOBILE COMMUNICATION: Yes( ) No( )

SCANTEC LIMITED 39 TYPE:

VHF TYPE: (3)

GPS TYPE: Yes

LORAN TYPE: (2)

ELECTRONIC PLOTTER TYPE: (2) C-Plot, C-Tech

NET SOUNDER TYPE: 1 Kelvin Hughes Down 1 Elac Down

CABLE OR 500frn CAB LELE SS:

AMOUNT OF CABLE: frns

SENSOR TYPES:

HEADLINE SENSOR:

SCANNING: Uo ( ) Down( ) Both ( )

SURFACE TEMP RECORDER: Yes ( ) No ( X)

SCANTEC LIMITED 40 FISHROOM PARTICULARS:

I Q F Blast Freezer:

(CCSW) Circulated chilled sea water:

(CSW) Chilled sea water:

(FWI) Fresh water ice: Yes

(FWIP) Non-contact fresh water ice:

(RSW) Refrigerated sea water: Yes

(SWI) Sea water ice:

Freezinq capacity:

Total amount: Tons

. Freezing capacity:

Amount per day: 20,000 Tons

MIDWATER FISHING GEAR (SINGLE):

TYPE OF MIDWATER TRAWL: Lummi 15 fm Cantrawl 13 fm

DIMENSIONS:

TRAWL VERTICAL OPENING:

CHAIN WEIGHTS: LBS.

WARP DIAMETER: MM . IN .

WARP MARKING SYSTEM: 1-25 2-50 1-75 3 for 100

TOWING SPEED: 3

#10 Thyboron

SCANTEC LIMITED 41 VESSEL REGISTRATION AND DIMENSIONS:

VESSEL NAME: "Viking Storm"

OWNER/SKIPPER: Keltv Andersen

TOWN: Vancouver

PROVINCE: British Columbia

PELAGIC EXPERIENCE: Yes ( X ) No( )

LENGTH: 104'3"

CC:t:.~A · ")7

ENGINE HORSEPOWER AND PROPELLER DIMENSIONS:

TYPE OF ENGINE: Cummins Kta.

HP: 960 +Nozzle

RED. GEAR:

PROP. DIA.:

PROP. PITCH:

VARIABLE PITCH: Yes ( ) No( )

NOZZLE: Yes ( X) No( )

SIDE THRUSTER: Yes ( ) No( ) Bow & Stern

BOLLARD PULL (LBS.): 16 Tons Documentation

WINCH PARTICULARS:

MAIN WINCH: Split (X) Double ( )

WINCH CONTROLS: Bridqe (X) Deck ( x) Dual ( X)

WIRE CAPACITY: Fathoms ( 900 ) Diameter ( 718")

BRAKING/ SHOOTING: Mechanical ( ) Power ( X)

WINCH PULL (FULL DRUM): Karmoy Lbs.

MEAN DRUM: Lbs.

EMPTY DRUM: Lbs.

WINCH HAULING SPEED: 800 fm in 23 mins. rpm fpm

FULL: rpm fpm

MEAN: rpm fpm

C:~ADTY.

SCANTEC LIMITED 42 NET DRUM PARTICULARS:

NET DRUM: Single ( ) Double ( ) 3

LINE PULL (EMPTY):

LINE PULL (FULL):

REVERSE: Brake ( X) Power ( X)

REVERSE SPEED: rom OK

DIMENSIONS:

(D) FLANGE DIAMETER: 7 feet 8 inches

(d) CORE DIAMETER: 3 feet inches

(L) DISTANCE BETWEEN FLANGES: 5 feet 5 inches

NET DRUM C.M.: meters

SIDE COMPARTMENT: Yes( X) No( )

COMPARTMENT DIMENSIONS: Inner Flange Dia. Width

1:u:;o1nr ~ r"ot.r'rTV· C:::nlit in u;..i..i1~

ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT:

RADAR TYPE: Furuno FR-1425 I Furuno FR805D VRM : Yes( X) No ( )

ECHOSOUNDERS TYPE( Furuno FCV782 10 KW S):

COLOR OR PAPER: Color

POWER: FREQUENCY:

RADIO TYPE: Icon IC-M700 (2) SSB

POWER: (3) VHF ICON-M100/Kenilwood

1 Talk Back

MOBILE COMMUNICATION: Yes ( ) No( )

TYPE:

VHF TYPE:

SCANTEC LIMITED 43 GPS TYPE: Furuno GP50

LORAN TYPE: LC9 Mark 2 Furuno

ELECTRONIC PLOTIER TYPE: C-Plot

NET SOUNDER TYPE: Furuno 10A CN1 OA

CABLE OR CABLE LESS: Cableless

AMOUNT OF CABLE: No boom fms

SENSOR TYPES: U12 and down True motion

HEADLINE SENSOR:

SCANNING: Up ( ) Down( ) Both ( )

SURFACE TEMP RECORDER: Yes! X) No! )

SCANTEC LIMITED 44 FISHROOM PARTICULARS:

IQ F Blast Freezer. Yes

(CCSW) Circulated chilled sea water:

(CSW) Chilled sea water:

(FWI) Fresh water ice:

(FWIP) Non-contact fresh water ice:

(RSW) Refrigerated sea water:

(SWI) Sea water ice:

Freezing capacity:

Total amount: 80 000 Tons

Freezing capacity:

Amount per day: 20,000 Tons

MIDWATER FISHING GEAR (SINGLE):

TYPE OF MIDWATER TRAWL: Cosmos/Swan Polish rope trawl. Modified

DIMENSIONS: 15 x 25 fm

TRAWL VERTICAL OPENING: 16fm

CHAIN WEIGHTS: 700 LBS.

WARP DIAMETER: MM. IN.

WARP MARKING SYSTEM: 1.2.3.4 .

TOWING SPEED: 3.9 knts.

Morgere/Thyboron 110

SCANTEC LIMITED 45