DOCSLIB.ORG

Analysis of Forest Vegetal Characteristics of Akure Forest Reserve from Optical Imageries and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Analysis of Forest Vegetal Characteristics of Akure Forest Reserve from Optical Imageries and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data EJERS, European Journal of Engineering Research and Science Vol. 4, No. 6, June 2019 Analysis of Forest Vegetal Characteristics of Akure Forest Reserve from Optical Imageries and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data Isaac A. Gbiri, Isaac A. Idoko, Michael O. Okegbola, and Latifat O. Oyelakin which earmarked at the beginning of the 20th century. Abstract—Forest vegetal characteristics monitoring has a References [11] and [19] estimated 285 hectares as the long tradition records with a success rate ranging from low to average annual rate of deforestation in Nigeria between medium or high depends on the application at the hands. 1976 and1980, increasing into an estimated 400 hectares by Details information about the indication of association of the year 2000. Reference [9] reported Nigeria has lost 55.7% phenomena as forest indicators, such forest gap, estate and forest status, provides high spatial resolution images. The aim of its primary forest to logging, subsistence agriculture, of this study focuses on combining unmanned Aerial Vehicles collection of fuel wood and other agents between 2000 and (UAVs) and satellite multispectral imaging along side by side to 2005. details forest parameter during the seasons. UAVs image at The same patterns had been experienced in the tropics and 0.15m appeared more detailed of having features such as rock, sub-tropics Africa. For instance, the East African region lost road, bare ground, riparian trees among others than that of about 10% of its forest cover to deforestation between 1990 Landsat OLI image, though the features such as rock, road, bare ground, and riparian forest were also seen on the image and 2000, with Uganda recorded the highest rate [8]. In the but it was poorly seen due to the coarse spatial resolution of 30 humid tropical rainforest region of Cameroon, about m. The 3-Dimensional of UAVs, relief pattern and contour 200,000 hectares of forest reported to be degraded annually from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission was also compared due to high rate of exploitation. Such clearance has been and this study further demonstrated on the advantages of observed and documented from almost of four decades Unmanned Aerial Vehicle data over established remotely through land cover change detection based on Landsat-1-4 sensed data which includes flying blow the cloud, high spatial resolution, flexibility, inexpensive of data acquisition, time MSS, Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat-7 effective, using video footage to detect human activities such as Enhanced TM (ETM+) and Landsat -8 OLI data and has tree flora, burning and logging. resulted in extensive losses of forest and such discoveries in assessing deforestation has generated a lot of questions on Index Terms—Forest Vegetal Characteristics, Monitoring, the validity of data. Among the technical issues in question, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Satellite Multispectral. the most challenging is that there was no consensus in the literature on the rate of deforestation in most of existing forest reserves globally and regionally often because of I. INTRODUCTION coarse resolution of the optical remote sensors. Early work on forest plantation in Nigeria commences at Recently, technologies such as GPS, miniaturized drones the beginning of the 20th century especially in the south- (UAVs) were initially developed for military use, but are west which practically involved on the economical increasingly being deployed in civilian applications important indigenous tree species [7], ever since Nigeria including mapping, monitoring and managing habitats and settlement after independent, over half of nation`s forests natural resources [14]. Although miniaturized drones are not and woodlands have been progressively cleared subsistence used widely in environmental applications yet, their use is agriculture [17]. Despite recognition of the factors likely to increase rapidly as their prices decrease and the associated with their clearance, deforestation rates technology becomes easier to use [5]. Although [12] cited accelerated in the uncontrollable manner [17]. Much of the [16], [5] in their reports that some initial attempts were clearance in south-west occurred in the more productive made to employ small drones in environmental research in forest ecosystems. Reference [2] revealed the remaining the 1990s and early 2000s, researchers have begun serious status of the tropical rainforest in Nigeria at only 10% of investigation on the use of drones over the last seven to tropical rainforest area as against 25% tropical rainforest eight years. The development of environmental remote sensing technologies and aerial drone has been closely Published on June 17, 2019. related to the study of forests [10]. Although, the bulk of I. A. Gbiri is with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Department Federal School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo State, Nigeria (e-mail: academic research into the use of miniaturized drones has [email protected]). been greatly geared toward precision agriculture [21] and I. A. Idoko is with Survey and Geoinformatics Department Federal [18]. School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo State, Nigeria (e-mail: [email protected]). M. O. Okegbola is with Survey and Geoinformatics Department Federal School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo State, Nigeria (e-mail: II. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF THE STUDY [email protected]). o o L.O. Oyelakin is with Survey and Geoinformatics Department Federal It lies between latitudes7 16`and 7 18` N of the Equator School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo State, Nigeria (e-mail: and longitudes 5o 9`and 5o11`E of the Greenwich Meridian. [email protected]). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.6.1340 57 EJERS, European Journal of Engineering Research and Science Vol. 4, No. 6, June 2019 Akure forest reserve is geographically located in rainforest Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 30 m spatial zone of Akure South Local government area of Ondo State, resolution(2017) and Landsat 2017 OLI. Nigeria. It was constituted as a reserve in 1936 and covered A. Data Processing 69.93 km2 but 2.463 km2 was selected for the study. The relief pattern is low lying, elevation ranges from 216 to This process involves restructuring the available data and 504(m) and gently undulating in southern part while the creating sequence order of proceeding or cartographic model northern part is hilly rock outcrops occurring at close required for data analyses. Basically, raster and vector intervals. The underlying rock is crystalline and gneiss. It is models are usually involved and they were employed. slightly neutral; pH of 6.7–7.3 and sandy-loam in nature. B. Primary data The dry season lasts from November to March while the wet X, Y locational coordinates of prominent settlements in season commences from April and ends in October with the the Akure Forest Reserve (AFR) were captured as points highest rainfall records between July and August [3] 0 0 with the Garmin eTrex20 GPS device. The dilution of Average daily temperature ranges between 21 C and 29 C precision (DoP), geometric dilution of precision (GDoP) and almost throughout the year [1]. The mean annual rainfall datum was set to zone 31 North Hemisphere 1984. After the varies from 2000m in southern area to –1500m in northern setting, the GPS was allowed to resolve and connect to at area with relative humidity of 80–85% annually experienced least minimum of four satellites before the data capture for in south-west [15]. Politically, it lies in Ondo State in the settlements. We gridded the Topographical map and Southwestern Nigeria and shares border with Osun State in coordinates were obtained from the edges of the map and the Northeast, being surrounded by five Local Government coordinates were pre-loaded into Quadcopter drone through Areas in Ondo State namely: Ile Oluji ,Oke-Igbo, Ifedore, the designed path i.e. traverse from the origin to destination. Akure south, Idanre and Ondo East. Aponmu and Owena 300 m altitude was chosen to fly due to trees obstructions Yoruba speaking communities owned the forest, though, it for the drone when it moves around, the drone speed was set also had minor settlements surrounded the forest included at 3m/s, and 16.1 mega pixels integrated camera was Ipogun, Kajola/ Aponmu, Kajola, Ago Petesi, Akika Camp, onboard for the field of view (FOV) of 28.940 look angles. Owena Town, Ibutitan/Ilaro Camp, Elemo Igbara Oke Camp Images were captured in panchromatic mode of (RGB) with and Owena Water New Dam. shutter capture speed at 1/1000s. It covered 2.463 km2 / 246.284 ha / 608.897 acres Also UAVs imageries was processed through the drone2map software by the conversion of flight lines and points into points, clouds, Poisson surface reconstruction, Ortho generate Digital Surface Model, and orthomosaic of 2-dimension (2D) and 3-dimension (3D). Then after the stacking of the image, it was imported into ArcGIS environment through add data tool on the ArcGIS interface. C. Secondary Data The Digital Image Processing (DIP) Techniques is necessitated by having imageries in digital format. Landsat 8 Fig. 1: Map of the study area OLI-TIRS (2017) were sourced through Path 190/Row 055 (Source: Author, 2019 Map of Study area) and downloaded from GLCF/USGS in digital format into the computer via earth explorer window and then it was imported into ERDAS Imagine 9.2 version through classic III. MATERIALS AND METHODS viewer. Landsat 8, 2017 OLI-TIRS alone was sourced for Methodology employs various techniques and approaches the sensor that acquired image on the 23rd of March 2017 to integrate this study. Such techniques and approaches downloaded because it was exactly the times that drone focus on data acquisition, data processing and data image was acquired. The images noise was filtered through presentation. It commences with database design, radiometric enhancement. The ground truthing, visual image conceptual, logical and schema.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ondo Code: 28 Lga:Akokok North/East Code:01 Name of Registration Area Name of Reg
    INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) STATE: ONDO CODE: 28 LGA:AKOKOK NORTH/EAST CODE:01 NAME OF REGISTRATION AREA NAME OF REG. AREA COLLATION NAME OF REG. AREA CENTRE S/N CODE (RA) CENTRE (RACC) (RAC) 1 EDO 1 01 EMMANUEL PRI.SCHEDO EMMANUEL PRI.SCHEDO 2 EKAN 11 02 SALEM A/C PRI.SCH EKAN SALEM A/C PRI.SCH EKAN 3 IKANDO 1 03 OSABL L.A P/SCH IKANDO OSABL L.A P/SCH IKANDO 4 IKANDO 11 04 MUSLIM P/SCH ESHE MUSLIM P/SCH ESHE 5 ILEPA 1 05 ST MICHEAL CAC P/SCH ILEPA ST MICHEAL CAC P/SCH ILEPA 6 ILEPA 11 06 ST GREGORY PRI.SCH ILEPA ST GREGORY PRI.SCH ILEPA 7 ISOWOPO 1 07 ST MARK PRI.SCH IBOROPA ST MARK PRI.SCH IBOROPA 8 ISOWOPO 11 08 ST ANDREW PRI.SCH AKUNU ST ANDREW PRI.SCH AKUNU 9 IYOMEFA 1 09 A.U.D PRI.SCH IKU A.U.D PRI.SCH IKU 10 IYOMEFA 11 10 ST MOSES CIS P/SCH OKORUN ST MOSES CIS P/SCH OKORUN 11 OORUN 1 11 EBENEZER A/C P/SCHOSELE EBENEZER A/C P/SCHOSELE 12 OORUN 11 12 A.U.D. P/SCH ODORUN A.U.D. P/SCH ODORUN 13 OYINMO 13 ST THOMAS RCM OYINMO ST THOMAS RCM OYINMO TOTAL LGA:AKOKO N/WEST CODE:02 NAME OF REGISTRATION AREA NAME OF REG. AREA COLLATION NAME OF REG. AREA CENTRE S/N CODE (RA) CENTRE (RACC) (RAC) 1 ARIGIDI IYE 1 01 COURT HALL ARIGIDI COURT HALL ARIGIDI 2 ARIGIDI 11 02 ST JAMES SCH IMO ST JAMES SCH IMO 3 OKE AGBE 03 ST GOERGE P/SCH OKEAGBE ST GOERGE P/SCH OKEAGBE 4 OYIN/OGE 04 COMM.P/SCH OKE AGBE COMM.P/SCH OKE AGBE 5 AJOWA/ILASI/ERITI/GEDE 05 AJOWA T/HALL AJOWA T/HALL 6 OGBAGI 06 AUD P.SCH OGBAC-I AUD P.SCH OGBAC-I 7 OKEIRUN/SURULERE 07 ST BENEDICTS OKERUN ST BENEDICTS OKERUN 8 ODOIRUN/OYINMO 08 COURT HALL ODO IRUN COURT HALL ODO IRUN 9 ESE/AFIN 09 ADO UGBO GRAM.SCH AFIN ADO UGBO GRAM.SCH AFIN 10 EBUSU/IKARAM/IBARAM 10 COURT HALL IKARAM COURT HALL IKARAM TOTAL LGA:AKOKOK SOUTH EAST CODE:03 NAME OF REGISTRATION AREA NAME OF REG.
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical Survey of Socio-Political Administration in Akure Region up to the Contemporary Period
    European Scientific Journal August edition vol. 8, No.18 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 A HISTORICAL SURVEY OF SOCIO-POLITICAL ADMINISTRATION IN AKURE REGION UP TO THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD Afe, Adedayo Emmanuel, PhD Department of Historyand International Studies,AdekunleAjasin University,Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria Abstract Thepaper examines the political transformation of Akureregion from the earliest times to the present. The paper traces these stages of political development in order to demonstrate features associated with each stage. It argues further that pre-colonial Akure region, like other Yoruba regions, had a workable political system headed by a monarch. However, the Native Authority Ordinance of 1916, which brought about the establishment of the Native Courts and British judicial administration in the region led to the decline in the political power of the traditional institution.Even after independence, the traditional political institution has continually been subjugated. The work relies on both oral and written sources, which were critically examined. The paper, therefore,argues that even with its present political status in the contemporary Nigerian politics, the traditional political institution is still relevant to the development of thesociety. Keywords: Akure, Political, Social, Traditional and Authority Introduction The paper reviews the political administration ofAkure region from the earliest time to the present and examines the implication of the dynamics between the two periods may have for the future. Thus,assessment of the indigenous political administration, which was prevalent before the incursion of the colonial administration, the political administration during the colonial rule and the present political administration in the region are examined herein.However, Akure, in this context, comprises the present Akure North, Akure South, and Ifedore Local Government Areas of Ondo State, Nigeria.
    [Show full text]
  • Petroleum Extraction, Agriculture and Local Communities in the Niger Delta
    Petroleum Extraction, Agriculture and Local Communities in the Niger Delta. A Case of Ilaje Community. Adedayo Ladelokun Howard University Chapter I: Introduction Petroleum resource exploration and extraction-- ● A crucial economic activity ● Petroleum resources contributed substantially to economic development ● Conversely, petroleum exploration and extraction often induce negative impacts on other economic activities such as agriculture. ● Threatens environmental Safety. ● Ilaje Community,Ondo State,Nigeria, was chosen as a case study. Introduction Cont. ● Location and member states of the Niger Delta. Located in Coastal Southern Region of Nigeria. Map of the Niger Delta region Niger Delta Image of the Niger Delta Source: Ken Saro-Wiwa 20 years on Niger Delta ... Cnn.com Map of Ondo State Showing the 18 Local Government Areas Ilaje Local Government Introduction Cont. ● Population --- Estimated at 46 Million(UNDP) ● Geographical Landmark --- ND Covers area over 70,000 Sq Kilometers (ie 27,000 Miles) ● Occupation --- Farming, Fishing, Canoe Making, Trading, Net Making, and Mat Making. ● Ilaje Community --- Occupies Atlantic Coastline of Ondo State,Nigeria. ● Ilaje Local Government (Polluted Area) was one of the 18 Local Governments in Ondo State, Nigeria. ● Five Local Governments were randomly selected to served as control. Scope of the study This research work will cover Ilaje Community in Ondo State. Ondo State is located in the petroleum producing area of the Niger Delta Ilaje community was mainly into agricultural production Chapter II: Literature Review ● Agriculture in Economic Development of Nigeria: ○ Machinery for life sustenance ○ Supportive role raw material provision for industrial development ○ Todaro MP (2000) viewed role of AG as passive and supportive ○ Precondition for eco developed ○ Rapid structural transformation of the AG sector Literature Review Continues Jhingan M.L (1985) opined that: (a) AG provides food surplus for the rapidly expanding population.
    [Show full text]
  • NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 25 February 2020
    NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 25 February 2020 Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities National borders: GADM, November 2015a; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015b; incid- ent data: ACLED, 22 February 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 FEBRUARY 2020 Contents Conflict incidents by category Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Violence against civilians 705 566 2853 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 474 373 2470 Development of conflict incidents from 2009 to 2018 2 Protests 427 3 3 Riots 213 61 154 Methodology 3 Strategic developments 117 3 4 Conflict incidents per province 4 Explosions / Remote 100 84 759 violence Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 2036 1090 6243 Disclaimer 8 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 22 February 2020). Development of conflict incidents from 2009 to 2018 This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 22 February 2020). 2 NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 FEBRUARY 2020 Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known.
    [Show full text]
  • Ondo State Universal Basic Education Board, Oda Road, Akure Invitation for Pre-Qualification of Contractors and Tender for Year
    Ondo State Universal Basic Education Board, Oda Road, Akure Invitation for Pre-qualification of Contractors and Tender for Year 2009-2010 (Merged) Education Trust Fund Projects The Ondo State Universal Basic Education Board hereby invites registered, experienced and reputable contractors to pre-qualify and tender for the under-listed jobs: Lot Job Description Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Agboriki 1 Comprehensive JHS, Ikare-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Ajuta JHS, 2 Ogbagi-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Community 3 JHS, Ifira-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Community 4 JHS, Akungba-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at St. Peter’s 5 C.A.C JHS, Ondo Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Community 6 JHS, Apomu-Akure Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Community 7 JHS, Ojuala in Ese-Odo Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Methodist 8 JHS, Idanre Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Ayo JGS, 9 Ipogun, Ifedore LGA Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Ilejemeje 10 JGS, Mahintedo-Ilaje LGA Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at 11 Comprehensive JHS, Erusu-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at L.A primary 12 school, Ifira-Akoko Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Oke- 13 Oluwatedo CPS, Akure Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at Methodist 14 Primary School, Baleju Oke in Ese-Odo LGA Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at L.A 15 Primary School, Iju Akure North Construction of a prototype block of 3-Classroom with office and Store at St.
    [Show full text]
  • A Focus on Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
    American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Vo1. 1, No. 3, 2013, 163-173 DOI: 10.11634/232907811301364 Monitoring Spatial Growth of Educational Institution using GIS: A Focus on Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria Micheal Ajide Oyinloye Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria Land use/ land cover changes is an important components in understanding the interaction of human activities with its environment, therefore it is necessary to analyze such change. The land use/landcover dynamics of Federal University of Technology Akure(FUTA) for a period of sixteen years was analyzed using Multi-temporal and Multi-source image of LandSat (TM) of 1986, LandSat (ETM+) of 2002and Quick bird satellite image of 2012. Maximum likelihood (MAL) supervised digital image classification method was employed using ILWIS 3.2 and Arcview 3.1 GIS software. Eight landcover/landuse classes were created: Built up area, Dense forest, Bareland, Exposed soil, Forest reserves, Gulley forest, Light forest and Rock-out crop. Change information was derived by comparing the classified maps. The results showed that the landcover in the study area has changed during the periods especially the built-up area has increased rapidly for the periods ( 1986- 2012).The results also show increase the bareland, exposed rock out crops while forest reserves, gulley forest and light forest decrease between the same periods. Based on exponential growth formulae, the future prediction of the landuse and landcover change and its subsequent development was modeled between 2012 and 2032.These results could help in providing information for decision and planning purpose and also provide management strategies initiatives that are crucial for such expansion in the study area.
    [Show full text]
  • By Rural Women in Ondo State, Nigeria
    British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science 12(2): 1-9, 2016, Article no.BJESBS.18208 ISSN: 2278-0998 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Determinants of the Level of Utilization of Maternal Health Care Services ‘Abiye Programme’ by Rural Women in Ondo State, Nigeria O. O. Fasina 1, F. I. Wole-Alo 1* and F. L. Idowu 1 1Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Authors OOF and FIWA designed the study, wrote the protocol and supervised the work. Authors OOF and FLI carried out all laboratories work and performed the statistical analysis. Author OOF managed the analyses of the study. Author FLI wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author FIWA managed the literature searches and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/BJESBS/2016/18208 Editor(s): (1) Manouchehr (Mitch) Mokhtari, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, USA. (2) Tyree Oredein, Health Education & Behavioral Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, USA. (3) Madine VanderPlaat, Department of Sociology and Criminology, Saint Mary's University, Canada. (4) Chan Shen, Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, USA. Reviewers: (1) Ryan michael f. Oducado, West Visayas State University, Philippines. (2) Anonymous, University of Malaya, Malaysia. (3) Anonymous, The American University in Cairo, Egypt. Complete Peer review History: http://sciencedomain.org/review-history/11604 Received 9th April 2015 Accepted 2nd September 2015 Original Research Article th Published 28 September 2015 ABSTRACT This study examined factors affecting the utilization of maternal health care services ‘Abiye programme’ by rural women of Ondo State, Nigeria.
    [Show full text]
  • Ondo State Conflictbulletin: Nigeria
    THE FUND FOR PEACE Nigeria Conflict Bulletin: Ondo State Patterns and Trends, January 2012 - J u n e 2 0 1 5 While violence in Ondo has historically Democratic Party (PDP). The next page shows the relative distribution of been relatively low, in the first half of 2015 gubernatorial elections are scheduled for incidents from one LGA to the next from reported fatalities increased significantly as 2016. January 2012 to June 2015. The trendline on compared to previous years. This was the next page shows the number of mainly in connection to a few incidents of This Conflict Bulletin provides a brief incidents and fatalities over time. The bar criminality (bank robberies in Owo and snapshot of the trends and patterns of chart shows the relative trend of incidents Akoko North West LGAs) and piracy (Ilaje conflict risk factors at the State and LGA of insecurity by LGA per capita. LGA) that killed dozens. Other issues, levels, drawing on the data available on the reported in Ondo included political tensions P4P Digital Platform for Multi-Stakeholder The summaries draw on data collected by and cult violence. Engagement (www.p4p-nigerdelta.org). It ACLED, FFP’s UNLocK, the Council on represents a compilation of the data from Foreign Relations’ NST, WANEP Nigeria, CSS/ After the 2012 gubernatorial election, in the sources listed below, not necessarily the ETH Zurich, NEEWS2015, and Nigeria Watch which Olusegun Mimiko of the Labour Party opinions of FFP or any other organization integrated on the P4P platform. They also (LP) was re-elected, the losing parties raised that collaborated on the production of this draw on data and information from concerns about alleged election bulletin.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Factors Instigating Land Use Conflicts in Selected Forest Reserves of Ondo State, Nigeria
    Journal of Environmental Protection, 2019, 10, 614-624 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jep ISSN Online: 2152-2219 ISSN Print: 2152-2197 Analysis of Factors Instigating Land Use Conflicts in Selected Forest Reserves of Ondo State, Nigeria I. O. Azeez1, O. J. Aluko2 1Department of Social and Environmental Forestry, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria 2Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Federal College of Forestry, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Nigeria How to cite this paper: Azeez, I.O. and Abstract Aluko, O.J. (2019) Analysis of Factors In- stigating Land Use Conflicts in Selected Practice of agriculture and other none forestry uses in forest reserves often Forest Reserves of Ondo State, Nigeria. generates conflict owing to the former’s incompatibility with the latter. The Journal of Environmental Protection, 10, need to identify the factors that triggers this conflict is germane to sustainable 614-624. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2019.105036 forest resources management. Thus, this paper report findings on various factors instigating land use conflicts in the high forest zone of Ondo state, Received: April 8, 2019 Nigeria. Idanre and Oluwa forest reserves in the state were purposively se- Accepted: May 14, 2019 lected for the study. Household counting was carried out in order to obtain a Published: May 17, 2019 population in each settlement using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tech- Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and nique. Fifty percent sampling intensity of individuals in settlements within Scientific Research Publishing Inc. and around the sites was used to select a total of 302 respondents for the This work is licensed under the Creative study.
    [Show full text]
  • 29 Abundance of Chromolaena Odorata, Its Influence On
    Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Biological Control and Management of Chromolaena odorata and other Eupatorieae, Nairobi, Kenya, 1-2 November 2010. Zachariades C, Strathie LW, Day MD, Muniappan R (eds) ARC-PPRI, Pretoria (2013) pp 29-34 Abundance of Chromolaena odorata, its influence on entomofauna and implications for farmers’ activities in south-western Nigeria R.A. Adebayo Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria [email protected] Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson (Asteraceae), an invasive alien plant of terrestrial habitat in many tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, was investigated in the South-West Ecological Zone of Nigeria. Investigations, including field observations on C. odorata and a survey of farmers’ knowledge and opinions of it and knowledge of its biological control, were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA) and at Ipogun, a farmers’ community at Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State, respectively. Field observations revealed that about 50% of undeveloped FUTA land was infested to varying degrees with C. odorata. More plant species were found on observed C. odorata–free land compared with land infested with C. odorata. The insect species collected on C. odorata were in the orders Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera and Hymenoptera. Mottled, discoloured and distorted leaves characterized C. odorata infested with aphids. Results of the survey indicated there awareness of C. odorata by the farmers (70%) although they lack knowledge of biological control of the weed. Infestation of farms by C.
    [Show full text]
  • Factors Affecting Tourists' Experience at Idanre Hills Ondo State, Nigeria
    © A publication of the School of Agriculture Technology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Applied Tropical Agriculture Factors Affecting Tourists’ Experience At Idanre Hills Ondo State, Nigeria Arowosafe, F.C.* and Omopariola D.J. Department of Ecotourism and Wildlife Management, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B, 704, Akure, Nigeria. * Corresponding author; Email: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Millions of people travel specifically to engage in nature experience at various tourist destinations such as Idanre hills, Nigeria. This study was carried out to provide information on tourists’ purpose of visits as well as determine the factors affecting tourists’ experience at Idanre hills in Ondo State, Nigeria. Data were collected from one hundred and fifty (150) randomly selected tourists using semi-structured questionnaires. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results show that 67.7% of the respondents were students, while 72% were female. The factors that were identified as tourists’ negative experience at Idanre hills include: lack of easy access to refreshment (18.5%), lack of quick access to first aid treatment (15.4%), over-crowding of people especially during the festive periods (13.9%) and dirty environment (13.9%). Other negative experiences of the respondents include changes in season (10.7%), lack of comfortable accommodation at the top of the hill (9.2%), lack of directional signs on the hill (9.2%) and poor communication network (9.2%). The four factors that constituted tourists’ positive experience at Idanre Hill, are: presence of artefacts and a rich cultural history (38.5%), helpful tour guides (27.6%), good road (18.5%) and cheap toll fee (15.4%).
    [Show full text]
  • Research Paper PREVALENCE of HUMAN INTESTINAL HELMINTH PARASITES AMONG PRYMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN in IPOGUN, IFEDORE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGERIA
    Journal of Global Biosciences ISSN 2320-1355 Volume 5, Number 1, 2016, pp. 3401-3407 Website: www.mutagens.co.in E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Research Paper PREVALENCE OF HUMAN INTESTINAL HELMINTH PARASITES AMONG PRYMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN IPOGUN, IFEDORE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGERIA Dada, E. O. Microbiology Department, Federal University Of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Abstract Study was carried out to determine the prevalence of human intestinal helminth parasite among school children in Ipogun, Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State. Standard parasitological procedures were used to examine the 350 stool samples collected. Overall prevalence of intestinal helminth parasites was 64.00% and the respective prevalence of parasites encountered were Ascaris lumbricoides (25.14%), Hookworm species (19.43%), Trichuris trichiura (16.00%) and Taenia spp (3.43%). Infection with Ascaris was 25.14%, followed by Hookworm species (19.43%), Trichuris trichiura (16.00%) and Taenia species (3.43%). All the different age cohorts were infected and the prevalence of Ascaris was 45.46% in pupils aged 5-8 years and 25.00% in pupils of 13 years old and above while in pupils of the same age groups prevalence of Trichuris ranged from 42.86% to 25.00%. Hookworm prevalence was 47.01% in pupils aged 9-12 years, Teania species was 66.67% among children in the age group 9- 12 years old. Males were more infected (72.60%) than females 53.75%. Parental occupation, types of toilet and source of water were respectively found to influence the prevalence of the intestinal helminth parasitic infection among the pupils.
    [Show full text]