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Showers 69/39 • Tomorrow: Sunny 48/30 details, C14 SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2017 washingtonpost.com . $3.50 A key engineer for Trump’s agenda Democrats seek to convert Miller, 31, began building a conservative foundation in liberal California activism into a movement BY ROSALIND S. HELDERMAN Miller penned a column, titled “Santa Monica High’s Multicul- As a young conservative in tural Fistfights,” in which he BY DAVID WEIGEL active and aggressive base. They liberal Santa Monica, Calif., Ste- ripped his alma mater as a “cen- AND KAREN TUMULTY Restive, aggressive base are hopeful that the new activism phen Miller clashed frequently ter for political indoctrination.” more closely resembles the tea with his high school, often calling “The social experiment that A super PAC formed to reelect presents set of challenges party movement, which em- in to a national radio show to Santa Monica High School has Barack Obama in 2012 is driving braced electoral politics, than the lambaste administrators for pro- become is yet one more example activists to congressional town Occupy Wall Street movement, moting multiculturalism, allow- of the dismal failure of leftism halls. Veterans of Bill Clinton’s Liberal tea party: Will a new rising which did not. ing Spanish-language morning and the delusions and paranoia administration are joining topple Democratic leaders? A2 The pace of the activists, and announcements and failing to of its architects,” Miller wrote in marches and plotting bigger ones the runaway-train approach of require recitation of the Pledge of the 2005 article for the conserva- for the spring. Democratic sena- Three weeks into President Trump’s administration, have giv- Allegiance. tive magazine FrontPage. tors who had befriended Jeff Ses- Trump’s term, the Democratic en them little time to puzzle it Miller’s outrage did not appear CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES In the years before he became a sions in the Senate voted — 47 to 1 Party and progressive establish- out. to subside after he graduated. As Stephen Miller’s clashes in high top adviser to President Trump — against his nomination for ment have almost entirely adopt- “He has a strategy to do so a Duke University sophomore, school had a national audience. MILLER CONTINUED ON A8 attorney general. ed the demands of a restive, DEMOCRATS CONTINUED ON A15

SIRIO MAGNABOSCO/ARCTIC TIMES PROJECT Greenland’s uranium dilemma

s principal of the primary passionately opposes the govern- landers themselves are struggling to annual block grant of more than school in this once-prosper- ment’s proposed solution: an open- Is the income from an solve a very different problem: how $500 million from Denmark. ous fishing town near the pit mine for rare-earth minerals and open-pit mine worth to tap their wealth of natural re- The question is what to do about southern tip of Greenland, uranium near town financed by a sources without inviting the envi- it. Many in Greenland, including IvaloA Motzfeldt has a clear view of pair of Australian and Chinese min- the risk to health and ronmental and political problems Prime Minister Kim Kielsen, view what unemployment and shrinking ing companies. She fears that the the environment? that have devastated other develop- resource development as the na- opportunity can do to families: Chil- mine will poison South Greenland’s ing nations. tion’s best chance for self-sufficien- dren arriving at school hungry and pristine environment with radioac- BY MICHAEL ONEAL With a territory larger than Mexi- cy. The issue is tightly intertwined traumatized by domestic violence. tive waste and open the tiny nation IN NARSAQ, GREENLAND co and a population that could fit with Greenland’s fervent movement Recurrent waves of suicides. Flag- of 56,000 to foreign meddling. “We inside a football stadium, Green- to win independence from Den- ging motivation and stubbornly low need money, but we can’t sacrifice land badly needs new sources of mark, which began colonizing the rates of academic advancement. the land for money,” she said. The Greenland town of Narsaq income to provide jobs and combat sprawling territory almost 300 Motzfeldt knows that breaking While the world focuses on the lies near a plateau where the chronic social ills. Its economy leans years ago. Greenland negotiated the this pattern is critical to Narsaq’s potentially disastrous effects of extraction of uranium and heavily on one major export — right to self-rule in 1979 and has future and to Greenland’s. But she Greenland’s melting ice cap, Green- rare-earth minerals is planned. shrimp — and is propped up by an GREENLAND CONTINUED ON A12

2 black burial grounds The Islamic State’s new threat: Child terrorists in Va. on path to justice The militant group is cultivating adolescents in the West, either by direct contact or inspiration

The grave of Mitchell’s great- BY ANTHONY FAIOLA grandfather, Thomas Mitchell, is AND SOUAD MEKHENNET Delegate’s bill would somewhere nearby, hidden under fund upkeep Confederate vines and tree roots on the hill- essen, germany — The package ordered side. All around the violated online arrived at his second-floor apartment on cemeteries have long had crypt, mounds in the ivy mark a brisk Saturday morning, a cardboard box fallen tombstones, piles of col- packed with magnesium, potassium nitrate lapsed iron fencing, granite and aluminum powder for a homemade bomb. BY GREGORY S. SCHNEIDER blocks that once outlined family Weeks ahead of the attack, police said, the plots. terrorist cell’s leader — an Islamist his com- richmond — John Mitchell This is Evergreen Cemetery, rades called the Emir — had issued picks his way down the path burial ground for some of the elite precautionary orders. through the woods, avoiding the citizens of Richmond in the late “Delete ALL pictures and videos of the Is- thick brush on either side, step- 1800s and early 1900s. Bankers, lamic State,” the Emir warned via WhatsApp. ping gingerly over a slab of fallen publishers, doctors, lawyers — “Delete your chats.” granite, until he gets to the bro- the type of upper crust who are “Everything that is weapon-like or similar ken crypt. usually lionized in this city of (also bombs) must be immediately disposed of. A jagged hole exposes caskets monuments. Except that all of . . . Sell it, give it away, move it or destroy it.” to the sky, their metal fixtures these people were black, and the And then one night last April, officials said, rusted, covers ajar. English ivy city’s grand cemeteries wouldn’t the Emir — a Muslim title for an exalted leader cascades down the sides of the have them when they died. — led two cell members to a Sikh house of crypt, and a cross and a strange Founded 126 years ago, the worship in this industrial city and hurled the symbol have been drawn in black 60-acre Evergreen has no on- bomb toward its door. A deafening boom rang over the opening, possibly by going means of support. Only a out. Orange flames lit a mosaic of blood and someone who broke in. CEMETERIES CONTINUED ON A6 ISIS CONTINUED ON A16 ILEANA SOON FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

APARTMENTS...... INSERT CLASSIFIEDS...... L1 LOTTERIES...... C3 STOCKS...... G6 DAILY CODE CONTENT © 2017 ARTS...... E1 COMICS...... INSERT OUTLOOK...... B1 TRAVEL ...... F1 Printed using recycled fiber 8 2 5 7 The Washington Post BUSINESS NEWS ...... G1 OPINION PAGES...... A17 OBITUARIES...... C9 WORLD NEWS...... A10 Details, C2 Year 140, No. 69 A12 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2017

SIRIO MAGNABOSCO/ARCTIC TIMES PROJECT The Kuannersuit Plateau, the planned location of a mining project to extract uranium and rare earth minerals near the town of Narsaq. The fishing harbor would be developed into an industrial export center. Greenlanders wrestle with cost-benefit of uranium mining

GREENLAND FROM A1 making sure the mine doesn’t contaminate his adopted home. since built the institutions of a “We have the institutions. We modern democratic society. have the transparency,” he insist- The next step, pro-develop- ed. “Greenland needs to have one ment interests think, is to good experience and develop launch large-scale mining proj- from there.” ects to jump-start a diversifica- So far, GME has spent tion of the economy. Opponents $65 million studying the mine’s counter that courting foreign feasibility and will soon submit mining interests amounts to final environmental- and social- swapping one form of depend- impact studies. To help defray ency for another, with the added costs, it brought in Shenghe as a risk of environmental degrada- 12.5 percent partner in Septem- tion. ber. The agreement included the The policy debate is playing possibility of increasing that out in Nuuk, Greenland’s capi- stake to 60 percent in the future. tal, but the struggle is more Standing on a hill near the palpable in Narsaq, where min- mine site made barren by natu- ing companies propose digging rally occurring high levels of into a treeless mountain called toxic fluorine in the soil, Laursen Kvanefjeld that rises imposingly explained that Kvanefjeld was just outside of town. The mine formed when magma forced its would produce 3 million tons of way into Earth’s crust eons ago, ore per year when at full pro- then slowly cooled in place in- duction. It would be the world’s stead of spilling over as a volca- second-largest rare earth mine; no. The cooling produced one of its overall footprint, including the world’s richest deposits of disposal areas and housing for rare earth oxides, used in the workers, would be close to five manufacture of consumer elec- square miles. tronics and in alternative energy From the top of Kvanefjeld, technologies. it’s easy to see what’s at stake. Uranium makes up only about The view is spectacular — a 9 percent of the total value of the patchwork of rugged mountains deposit. But there’s no way of and aquamarine fjords studded getting at the more lucrative with ice floes in various shades minerals without generating ra- of white and blue. dioactive waste, dramatically in- But the surrounding region is creasing the project’s environ- in steady decline. Although it mental risk. thrived for generations on fish- GME proposes building a two- ing, that changed in 2010, when mile pipeline over the mountain Royal Greenland, the state- to channel a slurry of radioactive owned fishing company, closed “tailings” from the mine into a the local shrimp-processing lake perched high above the plant, eliminating more than fjord. The miners will build a 100 jobs. Narsaq’s population complex dam that blocks the has dropped 13 percent since lake’s outlet stream but allows 2006 as young people have snowmelt to pass through so the moved elsewhere. Those who lake basin doesn’t overflow. Then remain are left wondering how there’s the radioactive dust: The they can carve out a new future miners will have to deploy a host in an Arctic region that is of measures to keep it from changing rapidly and dramati- contaminating the town and cally. nearby sheep pastures. Not surprisingly, the complex- The operations manager ity of this plan gives many locals Ib Laursen, the local manag- pause. They also balk at plans to er of the Australian mining establish a village for more than company Greenland Minerals 700 mostly foreign workers and and Energy (GME), spends transform Narsaq’s pristine har- much of his time trying to con- bor into a transpolar shipping vince his neighbors that their facility. But Laursen argues that fears about uranium are over- all of this is manageable. blown. Unless GME and its Chi- “This is a golden opportunity nese partner, Shenghe Resourc- to do it correctly,” he said. es Holding Co., demonstrate “Greenland is standing at the that they can develop and oper- starting block just waiting for the ate the proposed mine safely, he gun to go off.” said, there’s no way Greenland’s government will allow the com- The tattoo artist panies to proceed. Tattoo artist Paninnguag Lind At 61, Laursen is tall and Jensen isn’t buying it. She fears toned, a former fitness special- that the environmental degrada- ist in the Danish army who tion and health risks posed by an moved to Greenland to be a open-pit mine will inevitably hunting outfitter 31 years ago. PHOTOS BY SIRIO MAGNABOSCO/ARCTIC TIMES PROJECT outweigh the benefits. “If you He and his wife have raised two CLOCKWISE FROM TOP: Sebu Kaspersen is a whale and seal hunter who says the animals are scarcer in the warmer climate. Vittus Google ‘open-pit mine,’ all you children here, and he claims as Qujaukitsoq is the minister for industry, labor, trade and foreign affairs. He backs the uranium and rare earths mine, whose future his see is destruction,” she said. “It much stake as anyone else in government will decide. Shopkeeper Hans Knudsen said he “was positive about the mine, but now I’m a father and I see things different.” GREENLAND CONTINUED ON A13 SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2017 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A13

GREENLAND FROM A12 Kvanefeld mine MINING AREA PROCESSING RESIDUES whether a uranium mine makes proposal sense for Narsaq but whether the would be like killing the spirit of Te pit, which is open 1 Te flotation tailings Te chemical residue Greenland town has any choice. South Greenland.” Te uranium and rare earth to the air, is where the storage facility storage facility receives (DEN.) “Is it an option for people to be But Jensen has also seen Nar- element mine in South digging takes place. receives 92 percent of the remaining 8 percent unemployed and supported by saq’s decline firsthand. While Greenland could be one of the the solid residues afer of refinery residue. subsidies?” he asked. “No.” growing up here in the 1990s, biggest sources of rare earth Te dump is where processing. Qujaukitsoq, who is also Narsaq most of the adults she knew had elements in the world. waste rock is piled. Greenland’s foreign minister, is a jobs, and her neighborhood was blunt, hard-nosed leader of the filled with children playing in the 2 3 4 Siumut party that has controlled streets, the older ones looking Greenland’s government since after the younger. Jensen left 1 mile 2013. Wide-shouldered and solid, Narsaq at 16 to finish her educa- he has the pugnacious air of a tion in Denmark, and when she big-city mayor and is not afraid to returned last year at 26, the town pick a fight. was diminished: The shrimp-pro- Qujaukitsoq insisted there is cessing plant was closed, whole Te plan includes no reason to think the laws and apartment buildings were board- alternative sites frameworks in place will not pro- ed up and unemployment had Lake tect Greenland’s interests — envi- for processing Taseq become a major problem. residues ronmental, cultural and political. “It’s like people lost all hope “Is our small size a concern?” about Narsaq,” she said. Residues of uranium, thorium and silicate minerals he said. “No. We have to become Hope can be fragile in Green- would be stored here more than we are. . . . Everything land, which has one of the highest has a price, including our free- suicide rates in the world. Of the dom. It’s a question of how will- 30 children in Jensen’s primary Narsaq, the closest ing the people are to be free.” school class, five have taken their town, has a population own lives over the years, she said. The shopkeeper of 1,598 With the rise in joblessness, so- Hans Knudsen did not expect cial problems in general have to be back here. He had gone spread. away after primary school and She would like to think these Source: Greenland Minerals and Energy LTD SAMUEL GRANADOS / THE WASHINGTON POST eventually studied IT support problems would go away if the and multimedia Web design in mine added jobs and improved Denmark. He thought he was local health services, but she’s species and can process them door. Sixty-six acres of sheep pas- have developed a nice side in- years, he has hunted adult seals headed for a job in the new convinced it’s not that easy. more efficiently onboard. ture stretch toward a blue fjord come by renting their outbuild- that sun themselves on the sea ice economy. “That’s a really romantic pic- To preserve some jobs, the choked with giant ice floes that ings to ecotourists. that floats down from East Green- But when the shrimp plant ture,” she said, “but I don’t believe government mandates that have calved from the nearby gla- Lennert thinks a rapidly land each spring. But a lack of ice shut down, his father’s variety it.” 25 percent of the catch be deliv- cier — a southern tributary of warming climate will create op- last year meant seals were scarce. store began to falter. Fishermen ered to onshore plants, but Nar- Greenland’s massive ice cap. portunities to develop new forms Whale and seal hunting hardly and plant workers — customers The shrimper saq’s was not one of them. Left Frederiksen’s family has farmed of sustainable agriculture. But endears Greenlanders to the rest for cigarettes, laundry detergent Until he died in December at without a place to land their this land for three generations. climate change is unpredictable. of the world, but it is a proud and much else — once were a 58, Jorgen Olesen had spent most catch, small boats such as Oles- Frederiksen has firsthand ex- Warming has produced an ex- Inuit tradition and an important steady clientele, but now their of his life at sea. He and his en’s eventually stopped operat- perience with uranium. He ap- tended drought in the region that source of food and jobs. As patronage was gone. Knudsen’s brothers owned a small fleet of ing. prenticed on a Norwegian sheep has forced sheep farmers to im- friends and neighbors crowded father called him home to help shrimp boats, and he was fond of With less pressure on their around the boats to fill bags with out. telling stories about the days not numbers, some shrimp are re- meat and blubber, Kaspersen said He complied. And like his fa- so long ago when hauling 16 tons turning to the fjord. Halibut fish- he considers himself part of an ther, Knudsen, 33, was initially a of prawns in a three-day run was ing is also better, and mackerel “Is it an option for people to be unemployed essential circle of life. Kaspersen big supporter of the mine propos- commonplace. are on the rise. But few think grew up on his father’s boat and al. The town needed jobs, and a “The town had a flow to it Narsaq will see renewed fishing and supported by subsidies? No.” got his professional hunting li- mine could provide them. But then,” Olesen had said, when employment anytime soon. Oles- Vittus Qujaukitsoq, minister of industry, labor, trade and foreign affairs cense at 18. The work isn’t easy, then he began a relationship with interviewed in September. “Peo- en said he had counseled his son but the idea of trading his life for a local girl, and they had a child. ple were happy. They went to to find another career — but not a job in the mine, he said, is The mine opponents’ warnings work every day and got paid every in the mine, which he opposed. farm in 1993 that was still finding port fresh hay from Denmark via unthinkable. about toxic dust floating over the two weeks.” Narsaq’s local pro- Even if you thought it made radiation in animals seven years barge, an enormously expensive Still, Kaspersen is in favor of town began to resonate. cessing plant ran 24 hours a day sense to take the environmental after the Soviet Chernobyl nu- undertaking. the Kvanefjeld project. Having “I’m worried about my own in three shifts, peeling, freezing risk, Olesen said, mining is un- clear plant accident. He knows Frederiksen said a family used watched Narsaq decline after the family now,” he said. But he’s also and packing shrimp for a global sustainable. The project is ex- the mine is not Chernobyl but to be able to make a living from shrimp plant closed, he thinks concerned about keeping the market. pected to run its course in 30 to still worries that if radioactive 300 sheep but now must own 500 the town needs a new source of family business afloat. He’s stuck While climate change seems to 40 years. Young people taking dust drifts northward from Nar- to get by. Even so, Lennert jobs. Although Kaspersen said he on the fence, full of anxiety about be benefiting Greenland’s overall jobs there “won’t be employed saq, it could taint the pastures wouldn’t trade her life for anyone would keep a wary eye on the the future. fishing industry, coastal shrimp- even for a generation,” Olesen where he grazes his 600 sheep. else’s. local environment, he’s confident “I don’t know,” he said. “I’m not ing near Narsaq has fallen victim said. “Then they’ll just throw GME says there is no threat of “I feel like I’m rich,” she said. uranium can be mined safely. saying no, and I’m not saying yes.” to several factors. Because them back into unemployment.” such contamination, but farmers “Today the technology is much [email protected] shrimp thrive in the cold, they fear that even the suggestion of The seal hunter better,” he said. “I’m okay with it.” have moved to deeper water and The farmers such exposure could turn con- Standing on a bloody dock next Michael Oneal went to Greenland as farther north as temperatures All that Klaus Frederiksen and sumers off the meat from South to six small boats filled with slabs The politician part of the nonprofit Arctic Times have risen. Royal Greenland’s Aviaja Lennert have to do to Greenland and discourage tour- of whale meat, Sebu Kaspersen, For Vittus Qujaukitsoq, Green- Project, an international team of large, modern factory ships are remember why they oppose the ism. Like many of their neigh- 31, said he, too, is feeling the land’s minister of industry, labor journalists exploring transformation better suited to chasing moving mine is to walk out their front bors, Frederiksen and Lennert effects of climate change. For and trade, the question is not in the Arctic region.

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