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Democracy and Religious Pluralism in Southeast Asia: Indonesia and Malaysia Compared
Key Issues in Religion and World Affairs Democracy and Religious Pluralism in Southeast Asia: Indonesia and Malaysia Compared Kikue Hamayotsu Department of Political Science, Northern Illinois University September, 2015 Introduction Dr. Hamayotsu is Associate Professor of Political It is an intuitive expectation that democracy will accompany – and Science. Dr. Hamayotsu reinforce – pluralistic attitudes and mutual respect for all members has conducted research on of a society, regardless of their sub-national, ethnic, and religious state-society relations in identity and affiliation. The noted political scientist Alfred Stepan, for both Malaysia and example, propounds the concept of “twin tolerations” – that is, Indonesia and her current mutual respect between and within state and religious institutions – research projects include in fostering a modern liberal democracy. According to this thesis, religious movements and two specific conditions have to be met in order to guarantee open parties, shariʽa politics, competition over values, views, and goals that citizens want to religious conflict, and the advance. One is toleration of religious citizens and communities quality of democracy. Her towards the state, and the other is toleration of the state authorities research and teaching towards religious citizens and communities (Stepan 2007). interest include: However, such conditions are not readily fulfilled in deeply divided societies. Southeast Asian nations are well known for being “plural Comparative Politics, societies” with a high degree of ethnic and religious heterogeneity Religion and Politics, (Furnivall 1944). For various regimes and ruling elites in those Political Islam, nations, the accommodation of various collective identities to build Democratization, Social a common national identity, modern nationhood, and citizenry has Movements, and Ethnic not always been easy or peaceful. -
Ewa Journal Ok
CONTENTS East West Affairs | Volume 2 Number 1 | January-March 2014 Editorial 5. Postnormal Governance | Jordi Serra Commentaries 13. Iran’s “Charm Offensive” | Stephenie Wright 21. A Very African Homosexuality | Zain Sardar 29. Malaysian Shadow Play | Merryl Wyn davieS Papers 35. Come together...for what? Creativity and Leadership in Postnormal Times | alfonSo Montuori and gabrielle donnelly 53. The Story of a Phenomenon: Vivekananda in Nirvana Land | vinay lal 69. The Pedagogical Subject of Neoliberal Development | alvin Cheng -h in liM 93. Science Fiction Futures and the Extended Present of 3D Printers | JoShua pryor 109. Muslim Superheroes | gino Zarrinfar 123. The Joys of Being Third Class | Shiv viSanathan Review 165. How the East was Won | Shanon Shah Report 165. Looking in All Directions | John a. S Weeney East-West Affairs 1 East West Affairs a Quarterly journal of north-South relations in postnormal times EDITOrS Ziauddin Sardar, Centre for policy and futures Studies, east-West university, Chicago, uSa Jerome r. ravetz, research Methods Consultancy, oxford, england DEPuTy EDITOrS Zain Sardar, birkbeck College, university of london, england Gordon Blaine Steffey, department of religious Studies, randolph College, lynchburg, uSa John A. Sweeney, department of political Science, university of hawaii at Manoa, honolulu, uSa MANAGING EDITOr Zafar A. Malik, dean for development and university relations, east-West university, Chicago, uSa DEPuTy MANAGING EDITOr Joel Inwood, development and university relations, east-West university, -
THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences
THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences Khoo Boo Teik TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ISSN 0219-3213 TRS15/21s ISSUE ISBN 978-981-5011-00-5 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace 15 Singapore 119614 http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg 9 7 8 9 8 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 5 2021 21-J07781 00 Trends_2021-15 cover.indd 1 8/7/21 12:26 PM TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 1 9/7/21 8:37 AM The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 2 9/7/21 8:37 AM THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences Khoo Boo Teik ISSUE 15 2021 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 3 9/7/21 8:37 AM Published by: ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 [email protected] http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg © 2021 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore All rights reserved. -
World Bank Document
Updated as of October 13, 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized October 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized Updated as of October 13, 2017 Updated as of October 13, 2017 Primer on Malaysia’s Experience with National Development Planning Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... I 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Malaysia’s Planning System: A Brief History ..................................................................................... 2 3. How Planning Works in Malaysia ...................................................................................................... 5 Institutional Architecture .............................................................................................................. 8 Connecting National Visions and Plans ...................................................................................... 13 Inter-Ministerial Coordination .................................................................................................... 14 Stakeholder Consultation and Input ........................................................................................... 15 Planning and Budgeting ............................................................................................................... 16 -
Malaysia: the 2020 Putsch for Malay Islam Supremacy James Chin School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania
Malaysia: the 2020 putsch for Malay Islam supremacy James Chin School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania ABSTRACT Many people were surprised by the sudden fall of Mahathir Mohamad and the Pakatan Harapan (PH) government on 21 February 2020, barely two years after winning the historic May 2018 general elections. This article argues that the fall was largely due to the following factors: the ideology of Ketuanan Melayu Islam (Malay Islam Supremacy); the Mahathir-Anwar dispute; Mahathir’s own role in trying to reduce the role of the non-Malays in the government; and the manufactured fear among the Malay polity that the Malays and Islam were under threat. It concludes that the majority of the Malay population, and the Malay establishment, are not ready to share political power with the non- Malays. Introduction Many people were shocked when the Barisan National (BN or National Front) govern- ment lost its majority in the May 2018 general elections. After all, BN had been in power since independence in 1957 and the Federation of Malaysia was generally regarded as a stable, one-party regime. What was even more remarkable was that the person responsible for Malaysia’s first regime change, Mahathir Mohammad, was also Malaysia’s erstwhile longest serving prime minister. He had headed the BN from 1981 to 2003 and was widely regarded as Malaysia’s strongman. In 2017, he assumed leader- ship of the then-opposition Pakatan Harapan (PH or Alliance of Hope) coalition and led the coalition to victory on 9 May 2018. He is remarkable as well for the fact that he became, at the age of 93, the world’s oldest elected leader.1 The was great hope that Malaysia would join the global club of democracy but less than two years on, the PH government fell apart on 21 February 2020. -
Lesser Government in Business: an Unfulfilled Promise? by Wan Saiful Wan Jan Policy Brief NO
Brief IDEAS No.2 April 2016 Lesser Government in Business: An Unfulfilled Promise? By Wan Saiful Wan Jan Policy Brief NO. 2 Executive Summary Introduction This paper briefly outlines the promise made by Reducing the Government’s role in business has the Malaysian Government to reduce its role in been on Prime Minister Dato’ Sri Najib Tun business as stated in the Economic Transformation Razak’s agenda since March 2010, when he Programme (ETP). It presents a general argument launched the New Economic Model (NEM). The of why the Government should not be involved NEM called for a reduction in Government in business. It then examines the progress intervention in the economy and an increase made by the Government to reduce its role in economic liberalisation efforts. The NEM in business through data showing Government furthermore, acknowledged that private sector divestments in several listed companies. growth in Malaysia has been hampered by “heavy Government and GLC presence” and This paper then demonstrates how this progress is offset by two factors – (i) the increased shares of Government-Linked Companies that there is a serious need to “reduce direct (GLCs) in the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI) and (ii) the state participation in the economy” (National higher amount of combined GLC and GLIC asset acquisitions as opposed to asset disposals. This paper concludes with the argument Economic Advisory Council (NEAC), 2009). that the Government has not fulfilled its promise but in fact, has done the exact opposite. The increased shares of Government- 01 Linked Companies (GLCs) in the Kuala Author Two Factors Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI). -
Research Commons at The
http://waikato.researchgateway.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. The Defence of Ethnic Identity in Malaysia A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in International Relations and Security Studies at The University of Waikato by Melanie Jones-Leaning The University of Waikato 2010 Abstract The changing dynamics of interstate conflict in the post-Cold War environment led scholars to debate the relevance of established security theory. While traditionalists maintained that the state-centric theory should retain its primacy, others argued for a security agenda, not only broadened or widened to include other sectors, but one deepened or extended to include the individual and larger societal groupings as referent objects of security. In the 1990s, the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute developed a reformulated and expanded security agenda which recognized five dimensions of security – political, military, economic, environmental and societal. -
Presentation on Business Opportunities in Malaysia
APRESENTAÇÃO PARCIAL MALAYSIA GLOBAL HISTORICAL & COMMERCIAL LINK - CHINA - INDIA - PORTUGAL - THE NETHERLANDS - GREAT BRITAIN - MIDDLE EASTERN - NORTH AFRICAN COUNTRIES GATEWAY TO ASEAN (THE 10 COUNTRIES GEO ECONOMIC ALLIANCE) ASEANMALAYSIA - ASEAN- AYSIMAAL GATEWAY TO ASEAN AND ASIAN ECONOMIES Strategic location: Malaysia is a gateway to other markets with preferential access through Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) ASEAN V Potential market of 600 million people V Combined GDP of Euro 1.35 trillion, as of 2010 V Already zero tariffs for 99% of products V ASEAN Economic Community and Single market by 2015 REGIONAL / BILATERAL FTAS China Japan Korea India Australia New Zealand Chile V Potential market of 2.7 billion people V Tariff reduction and elimination mostly by 2016 ON-GOING FTA NEGOTIATIONS TPP EU Turkey V Potential market of 1.08 billion people TOWARDS ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY - AN INTEGRATED MARKET - BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ° The ASEAN region is now being viewed as a single market production base – attractive investment destination – 600 million population, Euro1.35 trillion combined GDP, Euro 1.58 trillion global trade, 7.4% GDP growth (2010) - 2010: Intra-ASEAN trade was Euro 389.97 billion (25.4% of total global ASEAN trade) - Outside of ASEAN, its top trading partners are China, EU, Japan, Korea and the US ° Overall, ASEAN has collectively implemented 75.6% of the AEC measures under Phase 1 (2008-2009) and Phase 2 (2010-2011) ° Many initiatives covering trade, services, investment, agriculture, transport, competition policies -
Financialization of Malaysian Citizens
Financialization of Malaysian Citizens A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2018 Syahirah Abdul Rahman Alliance Manchester Business School People, Management, and Organisation Table of Contents List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... 6 List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 7 Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 8 Declaration ............................................................................................................................ 9 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................ 11 About the Author ............................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................... 14 1.1 Opening Remarks ................................................................................................. 14 1.2 Research Background .............................................................................................. -
Invest Malaysia 2016
Current Speeches INVEST MALAYSIA 2016 By : YAB. DATO' SRI MOHD NAJIB BIN TUN HAJI ABDUL RAZAK, PERDANA MENTERI MALAYSIA Venue : Shangri-La Hotel Kuala Lumpur Date : 12/04/2016 Bismillahhirahman Nirrahim. Assalammualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh, A very good morning and Salam 1 Malaysia. Yang Berbahagia Tan Sri Amirsham Abdul Aziz; Chairman Bursa Malaysia, Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen, 1. In 2010, just six years ago, I introduced our New Economic Model – standing right here at Invest Malaysia. This model was designed to transform Malaysia into a high income nation, inclusive of all Malaysians, with no one left behind, and built on sustainable foundations that would serve both the people and generations to come. 2. We had an economic plan. And – aided by the twin pillars; the six Strategic Reform Initiatives; the twelve National Key Economic Areas of the Economic Transformation Programme that we launched the following year; and of course aided by the hard work of millions of Malaysians – we can say with certainty: our economic plan is working. 3. The facts speak for themselves. 4. Between 2009 and 2015, Gross National Income has increased by nearly 50 percent. 1.8 million jobs have been created. Inflation has been kept low. Foreign Direct Investment has been growing at more than 22 percent per annum. 5. Our government-linked companies, or GLCs as we call them, have graduated from their Transformation Programme and become regional leaders. The top 20 GLCs, have, on average, returned 11 percent per annum. 6. Growth last year was five percent, slightly higher than predicted during a time of 1 of 11 turmoil for the world economy, making Malaysia one of the fastest-growing countries in the region. -
Making TN50 Happen
Making TN50 Happen 12 January 2018 | Sunway University by JASMIN IRISHA JIM ILHAM The Jeffrey Cheah Institute on policies. The goal of TN50 is to make What the People Want Southeast Asia (JCI), the Jeffrey Sachs Malaysia one of the top 20 countries While TN50 is a continuation of the Center on Sustainable Development in the world,” said Professor Woo. government’s long-term planning, it is (JSC), and the TN50 Special Unit-CSDU novel in that it employs a ‘bottom-up Economic Planning Unit (EPU) co- Johan Mahmood Merican, Deputy approach’. As Johan put it, ‘TN50 is by organised a public forum themed Director General (Human Capital) and the people, for the people’. The TN50 ‘TN50: The Road Ahead’ on 12 January Head of the TN50 Special Unit at EPU, vision needs to be fleshed out and 2018 at Sunway University. The started off his presentation by putting given meaning by Malaysians session was a public discussion on forward the notion that Malaysia had themselves as “no longer does Transformasi Nasional 2050 (TN50), been very successful over the years government know best”, said Johan. Malaysia’s latest national despite having faced some major As such, more than 2 million development vision following on the challenges. Malaysia had done well in Malaysians were engaged in the heels of the New Economic Policy reaching the goals of past formulation of TN50, through public (1971-1990) and Wawasan 2020 development plans such as the New dialogues, town halls, surveys, and (Vision 2020, 1991-2020). Economic Policy’s vision of eliminating social media. -
An Analysis of the Underlying Factors That Affected Malaysia-Singapore Relations During the Mahathir Era: Discords and Continuity
An Analysis of the Underlying Factors That Affected Malaysia-Singapore Relations During the Mahathir Era: Discords and Continuity Rusdi Omar Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Discipline of Politics and International Studies School of History and Politics Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences The University of Adelaide May 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS i ABSTRACT v DECLARATION vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS ix GLOSSARY xii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Introductory Background 1 1.2. Statement of the Problem 3 1.3. Research Aims and Objectives 5 1.4. Scope and Limitation 6 1.5. Literature Review 7 1.6. Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework 17 1.7. Research Methodology 25 1.8. Significance of Study 26 1.9. Thesis Organization 27 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MALAYSIA-SINGAPORE RELATIONS 30 2.1. Introduction 30 2.2. The Historical Background of Malaysia 32 2.3. The Historical Background of Singapore 34 2.4. The Period of British Colonial Rule 38 i 2.4.1. Malayan Union 40 2.4.2. Federation of Malaya 43 2.4.3. Independence for Malaya 45 2.4.4. Autonomy for Singapore 48 2.5. Singapore’s Inclusion in the Malaysian Federation (1963-1965) 51 2.6. The Period after Singapore’s Separation from Malaysia 60 2.6.1. Tunku Abdul Rahman’s Era 63 2.6.2 Tun Abdul Razak’s Era 68 2.6.3. Tun Hussein Onn’s Era 76 2.7. Conclusion 81 3 CONTENTIOUS ISSUES IN MALAYSIA-SINGAPORE RELATIONS 83 3.1. Introduction to the Issues Affecting Relations Between Malaysia and Singapore 83 3.2.