March 1961, Volume 26, No. 3
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JOURNAL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MAIN ROADS NEW SOUTH WALES MAIN ROADS MARCH, 1961 MARCH, 1961 Volume 26 Number 3 CONTENTS Aspects of Commonwealth Aid . .. .. .. .. 63 Highway Development in New South Wales by'the Hon. P. D. Hills, M.L.A.,Minister for Local Government and Minister for Highways .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70 Post-graduate Studcnts at the University of New South Wales- Photograph . .. .. .. .. .. .. 73 New Highway Route Now Open to Traffic between Glen Innes and Grafton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74 Mr. E. F. Mullin, 0.B.E.-Photograph . .. .. .. 80 Storage of Materials and Plant on Roadsides-Methods of Combating 'Theft . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 81 Roads in Relation to Road Safety-Extract from Report by Com- monwealth Senate Select Committee . .. .. .. 82 Historical Roads of New South Wales-The Castlereagh Highway. 84 Planning and Design of Urban Freeways Overseas-Part 3 .. 90 Main Roads Funds .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 97 Tenders Accepted by Department of Main Roads . .. 98 Tenders Accepted by Councils . .. .. .. .. 99 Sydney Harbour Bridge Account . .. .. .. .. 100 COVER SHEET Sixteen miles from Grafton on the new route of the Gwydir Highway between Grafton and Glen Innes MAIN ROADS I Aspects of Commonwealth Aid JOURNAL OF THE N earlier years, in order to give the maximum possible assistance to local n IEPARTMENT OF MAIN ROADS I governing bodies in New South Wales, the Main Roads system was NEW SOUTH WALtS expanded from time to time until now it includes nearly 18 per cent. of the recorded total road mileage of the State, a bigger percentage than in any other State. When (he Commonwealth Government started in 1947 to provide grants to the States for expenditure solely on local roads* in rural areas, it soon became apparent that in New South Wales the large mileage of the 1.Y.Yiie)d by and nith the Authority of rhe proclaimed Main Roads would act as a handicap to the speedy improvement Commi.>.>ionerfor Main Roads of many of the roads where improvement was most needed, namely the country Main Roads. At the present rate of progress, it will take about 25 or 30 years to bitumen surface all existing proclaimed Main Roads in New South Wales. MARCH 1961 Recent observation showed that there are already about 50 instances in New South Wales where local side roads which have been bitumen surfaced junction with and deliver traffic to Country Main Roads which have not been bitumen SUI faced. It appears that with every passing year this anomalous situation will become PRICE more pronounced in New South Wales, because forty per cent. of total Three Shillings Commonwealth Aid Funds must he reserved for side roads. Several Shire Presidents have stated that they have difficulty in explaining to their rate- payers why Main Roads cannot he bitumen wrfaced before the subsidiary roads. Public bewilderment can well be understood. The growth in Commonwcalth Aid for rural side roads in New South Wales A N N U A I. SURSCR I PTl ON may be seen from the following table:- Twelve Shillings 1947-48 f282,000 1956-57 f3.478,000 Post Free 1948-49 f564.000 1957-58 f3,602,000 1949-50 f846.000 1958-59 f4,238.000 1950-5I El ,267,000 1959-60 f4,686.000 1951-52 &1,520,000 1960-6I f5.148.000 1952-53 f 1,532,000 196 1-62 f5,596,000 rddili onal copies of this journal may be 1953-54 f 1,699,000 1962-63 f6,043,000 obtained from 1954-55 f2,559,000 1963-64 f6,491,000 1955-56 f2,968,000 , Dc bpartment of Main Roads The impact of the Commonwealth reqiiircmcnt that none of this money he spent on Country Main Roads is felt more severely in New South Wales than 309 Castlereagh Street in any other State because, as stated above, this State had expanded its Main S!fdney, New South Wales Roads system to a greater extent than other States, and the Department of Main Roads is constantly being pressed to expand it still further. The Australia percentages of roads which are proclaimed or gazetted as Main Roads in the various States are as follows:- New South Wales . 17.63 South Australia . 13.16 Victoria .. 13.00 Western Australia . 3.86 Queensland . 15.26 Tasmania . 15.26 Box 3903, GPO, Telephone 80933 From these figures, it follows that the Commonwealth money for rural elegr;rms " MAINROADS" SYDNEY side roads may allowably be spent in other States on roads of a traffic importance from which it must bc withheld in New South Wales. The position in New South Wales is thus anomalous in a second respect. As matters now stand, the road improvements most needed by residents R eprints of any portion of this publi cation, unless specially indicated in some rural districts, namely on Main Roads, cannot he provided as rapidly D the contrary, ray he made. provided as might otherwisc be possible on account of the rigidity of the Commonwealth the c:xact reference thereto is quoted legislation which results in the less urgent works often being carried out before thc more urgent works. Successful and balanced improvement of Australian roads will be achieved only if expenditure policy is based on a factual analysis of traffic needs. H. M. SHERRARD, NEXT ISSUF Commissioner for Main Roads. JUNE 1961 ~ * In the Commonwealth Act m.sleadingly called " rural " roads. but defined in wch a way RS to exclude all the principal rural roads, i.e., the Main Roads. * 3792-1 HIGHWAY D EVE LO PMENT in New South Wales” by the lloti. P HILLS, M.L.A., Minirter for I octrl Govrrnrnenf iincl Mini.sfer for Highwcrys OADS give access to land, minerals, forest, work roads do not all serve the same function, and if the R places and homes, and serve to transport men network is studicd it will soon become evident that the and goods from the places where they are to the places roads may he “rankcd” or put in “classes”. in order where they are rcquired to be. Without ro3d RCCCSS, of significance from a State point of view. 1 will first the lands and other natural assets of a country are describe the position in the country areas of the State largely inaccessible and unavailable for use. It is outside the County of Cumberland which comprises means of transport. especially roads which give value metropolitan Sydney and its immediate rural environs. to potential resources. Industry and commerce are equally dependent on the existence of roads, and the better the roads the cheaper is the resulting cost of Classes of Roads transport. Roads in the first class are those which link this As well as serving an economic function, roads are State with other States, or connect the vast interior also the first essential of social life, to recreation, and with the coast. These arc the most important of our all cultural and leisure activities. Main Roads, and are called State Highways. The Governments are dependent on roads to aid in State, through thc Commissioner for Main Roads, making possible the many public services needed by meets the full cost of constructing and maintaining the modern community, such as cducation, police pro- the State Highways. Most of them arc named, e.g. tection. ambulance, medical and hospital services, Hume Highway, Oxley Highway. and so on. The water supply, electricity, gas. sewerage, drainage, tele- State Highways have a total mileagc of only 6,504 phone, and fire fighting. Defence also depends miles, and thus represent only 5.11 per cent. of the considerably on the availability of good roads. total recorded road mileage of New South Wales, but Tn March, 1960, there were 2302,914 motor vehicles, they carry about 45 per cent. of the total vehicle- including motor cycles, in Australia corresponding to miles of travel in the Statc. 3.7 persons per vehicle; 959.296 of thcsc vehicles were The next roads in order of importance are those in New South Wales. Main Roads which, together with the State Highways, The roads of New South Wales have a total mileage link the main regions of the State. These are known of 127.095 miles. As at 30th June, 1957, the roads as “Trunk Roads”, and by reason of their importance, were constructed as follows:- the State. through the Commissioner for Main Roads, Dustless surfaces. mainly bitumen 11.24 per cent. meets three-quarters of thc cost of their construction Gravel .. .. .. 34.60 per cent. and maintenance, and the Council in whose area they Earth surfaces . .. .. 54.16 per cent. are situated mcets the balance of the cost. The corresponding pcrccntages for the United States Then. and only it little less in importance. are the are as follows:-31.43 per cent., 37.24 per cent., and remaining (or “ordinary”) Main Roads which. together 31.33 per cent. with State Highways and ‘Trunk Koads, form a net- In both countries about 20 per cent. of the rccordcd work linking all disfricfs and all centres of population road mileage carries negligible traflic, and may be dis- throughout thc State. The State, through the Commis- regarded. sioner for Main Roads, meets two-thirds of the cost of the construction and maintenance of “ordinary” A map showing all the roads of New South Wales Main Roads, and the Councils through whose areas would show a confusing pattern of lines which it would they run meet the balance. AI1 Main Roads together, he difficult to comprehend at first glance. However. i.e., Statc Highways. Trunk Roads and ordinary Main Roads, total 22,423 miles in length, i.e. approximately * Reprint of arliclr conlrihuled hy the Hun.