Final Basic Assessment Report for Mount Coke Quarry, Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality

MOUNT COKE QUARRY

FINAL BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR MOUNT COKE QUARRY, BUFFALO CITY METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY

Report prepared for

K2019436499 SOUTH AFRICA (PTY) LTD

Report prepared by

No.2 Deer Park Lane ; Deer Park Estate ; Port Elizabeth ; 6070 PO Box 16501 ; Emerald Hill ; 6011 Telephone : +27 (0) 41 379 1899 Mobile : +27(0) 82 653 2568 Facsimile : +27 351 e-mail : [email protected]

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Table of Contents List of Tables ...... 6

Acronyms and Abbreviations ...... 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 8

1. IMPORTANT NOTICE ...... 12

2. OBJECTIVE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS ...... 13

PART A ...... 14

SCOPE OF ASSESSMENT AND BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT ...... 14

1) Contact Person and correspondence address ...... 14

i) Details ...... 14

ii) Expertise of the EAP...... 14

2) Location of the overall Activity...... 15

3) Locality map ...... 16

4) Description of the scope of the proposed overall activity...... 18

iii) Listed and specified activities ...... 18

iv) Description of the activities to be undertaken ...... 19

5) Policy and Legislative Context ...... 22

6) Need and desirability of the proposed activities...... 25

7) Motivation for the overall preferred site, activities and technology ...... 27

8) Full description of the process followed to reach the proposed preferred alternatives within the site...... 27

v) Details of the development footprint alternatives considered...... 27

vi) Details of the Public Participation Process Followed ...... 30

vii) Summary of issues raised by I&APs ...... 31

viii) The Environmental attributes associated with the alternatives. (The environmental attributed described must include socio-economic, social, heritage, cultural, geographical, physical and biological aspects) ...... 38

9) Baseline Environment ...... 38

ix) Type of environment affected by the proposed activity...... 38

x) Description of the current land uses...... 54

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xi) Description of specific environmental features and infrastructure on the site...... 54

xii) Environmental and current land use map...... 57

xiii) Impacts and risks identified including the nature, significance, consequence, extent, duration and probability of the impacts, including the degree to which these impacts .. 57

xiv) Methodology used in determining and ranking the nature, significance, consequences, extent, duration and probability of potential environmental impacts and risks; ...... 69

xv) The positive and negative impacts that the proposed activity (in terms of the initial site layout) and alternatives will have on the environment and the community that may be affected...... 71

xvi) The possible mitigation measures that could be applied and the level of risk...... 71

xvii) Motivation why no alternative sites were considered...... 82

xviii) Statement motivating the alternative development location within the overall site. (Provide a statement motivating the final site layout that is proposed) ...... 82

10) Full description of the process undertaken to identify, assess and rank the impacts and risks the activity will impose on the preferred site (In respect of the final site layout plan) through the life of the activity...... 82

xix) Assessment of each identified potentially significant impact and risk ...... 82

xx) Summary of specialist reports ...... 83

11) Environmental impact statement ...... 92

xxi) Summary of the key findings of the environmental impact assessment; ...... 92

xxii) Final Site Map ...... 93

xxiii) Summary of the positive and negative impacts and risks of the proposed activity and identified alternatives; ...... 93

xxiv) Proposed impact management objectives and the impact management outcomes for inclusion in the EMPr; ...... 94

xxv) Aspects for inclusion as conditions of Authorisation...... 97

xxvi) Description of any assumptions, uncertainties and gaps in knowledge...... 97

xxvii) Reasoned opinion as to whether the proposed activity should or should not be authorised ...... 97

xxviii) Undertaking ...... 98

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xxix) Financial Provision ...... 98

xxx) Compliance with the provisions of sections 24(4)(a) and (b) read with section 24 (3) (a) and (7) of the National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998). the EIA report must include the:- ...... 99

PART B ...... 100

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME REPORT ...... 100

REHABILITATION PRACTICES ...... 122

Appendix A CV of Primary EAP ...... 135

Appendix A extended - CV of Secondary EAP ...... 137

Appendix B Site Layout Plan ...... 138

...... 139

Reg.2(2) Plan – Site Layout ...... 140

Appendix C ...... 141

Appendix C1 Newspaper Advert in “The Daily Dispatch” on 23rd October 2019 ...... 142

Appendix C2 Site Poster ...... 143

Appendix C3 Background Information Document ...... 145

Appendix C4 – List of Registered Interested and Affected Parties...... 151

Appendix C5 – Agreement with community in close vicinity of mining area ...... 152

Appendix C6 - Consultation with all Authorities and Interested & Affected Parties and responses ...... 160

Appendix D1 - Botanical Specialist Report ...... 181

Appendix D2 - Archaeological and Heritage Impact Assessment Report...... 182

Appendix D3 – Aquatic Specialist Report ...... 183

Appendix D4 - Fauna Species lists including all species recorded in the surrounding area of the proposed mining site...... 184

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Table of Figures

Figure 1 Locality Map of mining permit area of Mount Coke Quarry within the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality...... 17 Figure 2 An example of a hard rock quarry, including the excavation, hauling and screening of the material using a screening plant...... 20 Figure 3 Map showing current layout of land uses and features of the area surrounding the new proposed mining area ...... 20 Figure 4 : Map of the Spatial Development Framework of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality ...... 26 Figure 5: Table showing the average temperature per month throughout the year (climate- data.org)...... 38 Figure 6 : Locality of Mount Coke Quarry shown on a Google Earth ™ image ...... 39 Figure 7 : Geology of the area , dominated by dolerite (maroon) and mudstrone (light blue)...... 40 Figure 8 : The weathered zone crust (left) and the foliation due to weathering (right) ...... 41 Figure 9 : The competent rock is overlain with a thick layer of residual clayey loamy soils. . 41 Figure 10 Vegetation types of Ibhino Sand Mining Permit Area...... 45 Figure 11 Dominant vegetation types of the mining site, according to Mucina & Rutherford (2012)...... 46 Figure 12 Proposed mining site in relation to Terrestrial Critical Biodiversity Areas identified by ECBCP (2007)...... 48 Figure 13 : Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - Buffalo City, Eastern Cape And National Total, 2006-2021 [Average Annual Growth Rate, Constant 2010 Prices]...... 51 Figure 14: Unemployment and Unemployment rate (official definition) - Buffalo City ...... 52 Figure 15 : Conservation value of proposed Mount Coke Quarry expansion area...... 56 Figure 16 Identified No-Go Areas within the Mount Coke Quarry expansion area...... 56 Figure 17: Map showing current land-use and adjacent previous mining area, Mount Coke Quarry...... 57

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List of Tables Table 1 Listed and Other Activities associated with the proposed Mount Coke Quarry...... 18 Table 2 Policy and Legislative Context of mining permit application by Mount Coke Quarry 22 Table 3 Concerns raised by Interested & Affected Parties ...... 32 Table 4 Potential Impacts relating to the proposed mining permit application...... 58 Table 5 Methodology for rating significance of proposed activities...... 69 Table 6 Mitigation measures for the environmental impacts of the mining activities...... 72 Table 7 Summary of specialist report recommendations ...... 83 Table 8 Table summarizing the key findings of the environmental impacts ...... 92 Table 9 Impact Management Objectives and Outcomes for Mount Coke Quarry ...... 94 Table 10 Summary of Water Use Activities at proposed mining operation ...... 102 Table 11 Environmental Management Impacts due to Mount Coke Quarry...... 103 Table 12 Financial provision for rehabilitation at Mount Coke Quarry...... 126 Table 13 Monitoring Programme for Mount Coke Quarry...... 128

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACME Algoa Consulting Mining Engineers BA Basic Assessment BAR Basic Assessment Report BID Background Information Document BP Bioregional Plan BUF Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality CBA Critical Biodiversity Area EC Ezixhotyeni Community EA Environmental Authorization EAP Environmental Assessment Practitioner EAPASA Environmental Assessment Practitioner Association of South Africa ECPHRA Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Agency EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMPr Environmental Management Program H&I Haw & Inglis Construction (Pty) Ltd I&APs Interested and Affected Parties MASL Meters Above Sea Level MPRDA Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Government Gazette No. 32816) NEMA National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 as amended NEMA: AQA National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act 39 of 2004 NEM:BA National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004 NHRA National Heritage Resources Act 29 of 1999 NWA National Water Act S&EIR Scoping and Environmental Impact Reporting SAHRA South African Heritage Resources Agency SDF Spatial Development Framework SSC Species of Special Concern

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY K2019436499 (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd trading as Mount Coke Quarry has submitted a mining permit application of a 5 ha. area for the mining of General Sand and Stone Aggregate and Gravel, approximately 11 km south-south-east of King William’s Town city centre in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape.

The mine is located on the unconsolidated state owned land portion “Mount Coke Mission 2352”, approximately 11 km south-south-east of King William’s Town city centre, at latitude 32°57'48.91"S and longitude 27°25'29.97"E within the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The mine is adjacent and accessed via the R346-Regional Road that runs between Zwelitsha and Zixothyeni.

Next to the proposed mining permit area is a currently operating mine, named Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd. Nalihle Resources was granted a mining permit (ref no. EC30/5/1/3/2/10194MP) for the mining of Aggregate and Gabbro / Norite in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, on the 23rd of February 2015. They have recently gone through renewal of their mining permit and still have one year of mining left before the mining permit expires. Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd also trades as Mount Coke Quarry and their premises and operation area will be used in conjunction with this new proposed mining application.

The mining methods will make use of drilling and blasting with explosives in order to loosen the hard rock. Once blasted, open cast mining methods will be applied. The material is then loaded and hauled out of the excavation to the mobile crushing and screening plant. The minerals will be stockpiled and transported to clients via trucks. All mining related activities will be contained within the boundaries of the 5 ha. The mining operation follows the sequence of : a) Search and Rescue of plants b) Topsoil Removal and stockpiling c) Drilling and Blasting of intact rock d) Excavation and Loading of blasted rock e) Hauling of blasted rock to the crushers f) Primary crushing and screening g) Rehabilitation of site, including sloping, return of topsoil and revegation h) Eradicate alien invasive plant species i) Apply for mine closure

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The minerals to be removed from the quarry will be used for local consumers as well as road construction in the vicinity, especially the upgrade of the R63 Regional Road. The proposed quarry will therefore contribute to the upgrading / maintenance of road infrastructure in and around the King William’s Town area.

The vegetation on site is classified as Bhisho Thornveld, a sub-escarpment savanna that occurs in the Eastern Cape. The site does not occur in either a Terrestrial or Aquatic CBA. The site assessment identified the vegetation on site as a bushclump savanna. A number of bushclumps are present, dominated by woody Thicket trees and tall shrubs. The grassland is heavily impacted by cattle, resulting in overgrazing, loss of species richness and canopy cover, and erosion.

A number of if impacts were identified and assessed. These impacts are:

Category Significance Significance after Mitigation

Landscape Medium Medium

Geohydrology and Hydrology Low Low

Biodiversity Medium Low

Air Quality Low Very Low

Noise Very Low Very Low

Visual Medium Low

Heritage Very Low Very Low

Traffic Very Low Very Low

Medium Medium Socio-economic (Positive) (Positive)

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Category Significance Significance after Mitigation

Climate change Very Low Very Low

Cumulative Medium Medium

Mount Coke quarry pit would serve as a watering hole for livestock to drink from once mined out and rehabilitated. It is foreseen that stormwater will accumulate at the bottom of the pit as the dolerite rock is impervious.

The mining process will result in the change in the topography of the landscape, and the production of benches. This will take place over 5 years. Rehabilitation will take place concurrently with mining, according to the mining schedule.

The end land use will be to rehabilitate the landscape back to a functional state that can be utilised for agriculture, as agreed upon by the community. The closure objectives are :

 All infrastructure introduced by the mining operation is correctly removed and rehabilitated according to the rehabilitation plan, unless deemed desirable by the landowner, the Municipality.  Big dolerite boulders would be evenly spaced along the crest of the highwall to serve as a natural barrier to safeguard animals and people from falling down below over the highwall.  The access road leading down into the pit would remain to gain access to the water accumulations at the bottom of the pit. All accesses to the benches would be barricaded off using big dolerite boulders.  Restoration of a thin soil layer that resembles that of the neighbouring flora on the benches.  Rehabilitation is complete once vegetation cover of 70% is achieved to prevent future erosion

Monitoring of alien vegetation infestation must be done for a period of 3 years after mine closure; i.e. once the closure permit has been issued.

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BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT

And

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REPORT

SUBMITTED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORIZATIONS IN TERMS OF THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT 107, 1998 AND THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT WASTE ACT, 2008 IN RESPECT OF LISTED ACTIVITIES THAT HAVE BEEN TRIGGERED BY APPLICATIONS IN TERMS OF THE MINERAL AND PETROLEUM RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ACT, 2002 (MPRDA) (AS AMENDED).

NAME OF APPLICANT: K2019436499 (SOUTH AFRICA) (PTY) LTD TEL NO: +27 (0) 21 976 1110

FAX NO: +27 (0) 21 976 8802 POSTAL ADDRESS: Private Bag X3, Durbanville, 7551 PHYSICAL ADDRESS: HILLCREST ESTATE, TYGERBERG VALLEY ROAD, DURBANVILLE, WESTERN CAPE, 7550

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1. IMPORTANT NOTICE In terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (Act 28 of 2002 as amended), the Minister must grant a prospecting or mining right if among others the mining “will not result in unacceptable pollution, ecological degradation or damage to the environment”. Unless an Environmental Authorisation can be granted following the evaluation of an Environmental Impact Assessment and an Environmental Management Programme report in terms of the National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998) (NEMA), it cannot be concluded that the said activities will not result in unacceptable pollution, ecological degradation or damage to the environment. In terms of section 16(3)(b) of the EIA Regulations, 2014, any report submitted as part of an application must be prepared in a format that may be determined by the Competent Authority and in terms of section 17 (1) (c) the competent Authority must check whether the application has taken into account any minimum requirements applicable or instructions or guidance provided by the competent authority to the submission of applications. It is therefore an instruction that the prescribed reports required in respect of applications for an environmental authorisation for listed activities triggered by an application for a right or a permit are submitted in the exact format of, and provide all the information required in terms of, this template. Furthermore please be advised that failure to submit the information required in the format provided in this template will be regarded as a failure to meet the requirements of the Regulation and will lead to the Environmental Authorisation being refused. It is furthermore an instruction that the Environmental Assessment Practitioner must process and interpret his/her research and analysis and use the findings thereof to compile the information required herein. (Unprocessed supporting information may be attached as appendices). The EAP must ensure that the information required is placed correctly in the relevant sections of the Report, in the order, and under the provided headings as set out below, and ensure that the report is not cluttered with un- interpreted information and that it unambiguously represents the interpretation of the applicant.

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2. OBJECTIVE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS

The objective of the environmental impact assessment process is to, through a consultative process— (a) determine the policy and legislative context within which the activity is located and document how the proposed activity complies with and responds to the policy and legislative context;

(b) describe the need and desirability of the proposed activity, including the need and desirability of the activity in the context of the preferred location;

(c) identify the location of the development footprint within the preferred site based on an impact and risk assessment process inclusive of cumulative impacts and a ranking process of all the identified development footprint alternatives focusing on the geographical, physical, biological, social, economic, heritage and cultural aspects of the environment;

(d) determine the—-

(i) nature, significance, consequence, extent, duration and probability of the impacts occurring to inform identified preferred alternatives; and

(ii) degree to which these impacts— (aa)can be reversed;

(bb)may cause irreplaceable loss of resources, and (cc) can be avoided, managed or mitigated; (e) identify the most ideal location for the activity within the preferred site based on the lowest level of environmental sensitivity identified during the assessment;

(f) identify, assess, and rank the impacts the activity will impose on the preferred location through the life of the activity;

(g) identify suitable measures to manage, avoid or mitigate identified impacts; and

(h) identify residual risks that need to be managed and monitored.

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PART A

SCOPE OF ASSESSMENT AND BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT

1) Contact Person and correspondence address i) Details

(1) Details of the EAP

This EIA was done by a team of 2 environmental specialists. The team was:

Name of the practitioner: Mr Clayton Weatherall-Thomas

Tel no.: 041 379 1899

Fax no.: 086 657 7703 e-mail address: [email protected]

Name of the secondary practitioner: Mr Robert Griebenow

Tel no.: 041 379 1899

Fax no.: 086 657 7703 e-mail address: [email protected]

Mr Robert Griebenow was the primary conductor of this report as he was responsible for putting together the document as a whole. Mr Clayton Weatherall-Thomas was the overseer of this report as he reviewed all Mr Griebenow’s work.

ii) Expertise of the EAP.

(1) The qualifications of the primary EAP

(with evidence).

Mr Clayton Weatherall-Thomas

EDUCATION

 MSc (Botany) Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University – 2009  BSc Hons (Botany) Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University – 2006

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 BSc (Biological Sciences) Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University – 2005

Mr Robert Griebenow

EDUCATION

 BSc Honours (Botany) Nelson Mandela University – 2018: Environmental Management  BSc (Environmental Science) Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University - 2017: Majors Botany, Geography

Please see EAP’s CVs attached to this report as Appendix A.

(2) Summary of the EAP’s past experience.

(In carrying out the Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure)

Clayton Weatherall-Thomas has been practising as an EAP for the last two and a half years, specialising in the mining industry. He has done multiple EIAs for both sand and hard rock quarries in the Eastern Cape, and a wind tower factory in the Northern Cape. Clayton has done Environmental Control Officer (ECO) and Environmental Auditing in the mining industry as well. Before that, he gained experience working as an environmental officer at WESSA, and within the Environmental Management Department of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM), as NMBMOSS co-ordinator. Clayton has been doing botanical specialist reports for 8 years as well.

Robert Griebenow is presently employed by Algoa Consulting and Mining Engineers and has one year of EAP and ECO experience. He is currently registering as a Candidate EAP at Environmental Assessment Practitioner Association of South Africa (EAPASA).

2) Location of the overall Activity.

Farm Name: MOUNT COKE MISSION 2352

Application area (ha) 5.0

Magisterial district: King William’s Town

Distance and direction from 15 km nearest town

21 digit Surveyor General C03800000000235200000 Code for each farm portion

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3) Locality map

(show nearest town, scale not smaller than 1:250000).

The locality map for the mining permit application by Mount Coke Quarry can be seen in Figure 1.

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Figure 1 Locality Map of mining permit area of Mount Coke Quarry within the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality.

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4) Description of the scope of the proposed overall activity.

Provide a plan drawn to a scale acceptable to the competent authority but not less than 1: 10 000 that shows the location, and area (hectares) of all the aforesaid main and listed activities, and infrastructure to be placed on site iii) Listed and specified activities

Table 1 Listed and Other Activities associated with the proposed Mount Coke Quarry.

NAME OF ACTIVITY Aerial extent of LISTED APPLICABLE (All activities including activities not the Activity ACTIVITY LISTING

listed) Ha or m² Mark with an X NOTICE (E.g. Excavations, blasting, stockpiles, where ( GNR 327, discard dumps or dams, Loading, hauling applicable or GNR 325 or and transport, Water supply dams and affected. GNR 324 ) or boreholes, accommodation, offices, NOT LISTED ablution, stores, workshops, processing plant, storm water control, berms, roads, pipelines, power lines, conveyors, etc…etc…etc.)

Mining permit application in terms of section 27 of the Mineral and Petroleum GNR 327, LN Resources Development Act, 2002 (Act 5.0 ha. X 1 (21) No. 28 of 2002)

Site preparation: topsoil collection, GNR 327, LN 5.0 ha. X vegetation clearance 1 (27)

Topsoil stockpiles 50 m2 NOT LISTED

Roads: loading, hauling and transport 4000 m2 NOT LISTED

Primary Processing: Mobile screening 4500 m2 NOT LISTED plant

Power Supply: Diesel Generator 100 m2 NOT LISTED

Mobile office 250 m2 NOT LISTED

Portable Ablution 300 m2 NOT LISTED

Decommissioning and Rehabilitation: Removal of on-site infrastructure, GNR 327, LN 5.0 ha. X rehabilitation of roads, planting of 1 (22) vegetation

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iv) Description of the activities to be undertaken K2019436499 (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, trading as Mount Coke Quarry, has submitted a mining permit application of a 5 ha. area for the mining of General Sand and Stone Aggregate and Gravel, approximately 11 km south-south-east of King William’s Town city centre in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BUF), Eastern Cape.

The proposed area not being directly adjacent to the current mining operations is because another application has been made on the piece of land by another applicant. This application was never completed due to un-submitted forms and processes not followed, resulting in the adjacent land area not being available for this application. It is imperative that a mining application is lodged, to ensure a continuous operation for Mount Coke Quarry.

The mining permit area is surrounded by land currently being used for grazing for livestock subsistence farming by the Ezixothyeni community. The mining area occurs in the Savanna Biome with vegetation type Bhisho Thornveld which is classified as Least Threatened according to the National Biodiversity Assessment (2011).

A Joint Venture has been established between the mining operator Haw & Inglis Construction (Pty) Ltd (H&I) and the Ezixhotyeni Community (EC) of Zwelitsha (The full

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contract can be viewed as Appendix C5). The sole objective of the Joint Venture is for the execution of the works, in relation with the mining activities, and to carry out such works to finality, all in accordance with the terms of the contract. The community would receive compensation in return for the access to the area and to make the land available for H&I.

Figure 2 An example of a hard rock quarry, including the excavation, hauling and screening of the material using a screening plant.

Figure 3 Map showing current layout of land uses and features of the area surrounding the new proposed mining area

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The whole 5 ha of the mining permit application area will be mined. It is standard practice to fence the operational mining areas for both Health & Safety and Environmental reasons. Sign boards will be erected at the entrance of the mine, and will contain the information required by the EMP, as well as any other legislative requirements.

The site will be accessed via the existing gravel road for the entrance to the previous mining area of Mount Coke Quarry which is on the same farm portion as this newly proposed mining permit area.

The phases of this project are: 1) Construction Phase  Search & Rescue will be done for any identified Threatened or Protected Species, as well as Species of Conservation Concern, and will be maintained in a nursery for rehabilitation later  Clearing vegetation and mulching it to be used for rehabilitation  Demarcation of the excavation perimeter and topsoil berm positions  Fencing or oversize bolder placement of the site to keep livestock out and to assist with visual alignment with the heavy trucks. Large boulders will be removed used in landscaping during final decommissioning and the site will be fenced.  Removal of topsoil in the excavation area where, despite being thin or non- existent over dolerite outcrops will be dozed to perimeter berms as demarcated on site.

2) Operation Phase  Hard rock drilling and blasting operations will be used to source the minerals.  Hauling the rock to the primary ramp and tipped into the primary crusher hopper will be done through various haul trucks.  Benches of 6-10 m height will be maintained in the new mining areas and shot rock will be loaded into haul trucks by excavator. Haul trucks will haul the rock to the primary ramp and tipped into the primary crusher hopper.

3) Rehabilitation Phase  Rehabilitation will occur concurrently with the mining  Remove all stockpiles to over-production stockpile in demarcated area.  Eliminate all crushing equipment from site.  Remove crushed stone contamination from floor.  Get rid of any concrete floors/foundations/footings from plant and weigh bridge and pile concrete rubble neatly in one corner of the quarry floor.  Take away primary ramp material and spread in quarry floor as cover for oversize and removed concrete footings.  Rip all hardened plant and stockpile area and cover with previously stockpiled topsoil.

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 Seed with grass seed mix as specified adding decomposed saw dust as much and growing medium to assist with rehabilitation.  Invasive Alien Plant clearing and monitoring of rehabilitation will continue for two years

5) Policy and Legislative Context

Table 2 Policy and Legislative Context of mining permit application by Mount Coke Quarry

APPLICABLE LEGISLATION REFERENCE WHERE HOW DOES THIS AND GUIDELINES USED APPLIED DEVELOPMENT COMPLY

TO COMPILE THE REPORT (i.e. Where in this document has it WITH AND RESPOND TO been explained how the THE POLICY AND (A description of the policy and development complies with and legislative context within which the responds to the legislation and LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT development is proposed including policy context) an identification of all legislation, (E.g. In terms of the National Water policies, plans, guidelines, spatial Act:-Water Use License has not been tools, municipal development applied for). planning frameworks and instruments that are applicable to this activity and are to be considered in the assessment process); Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development A Mining Permit Application, in Amendment Act, 49 of 2008 All matters relating to any terms of Section 27 of the Act, (MPRDA), including the mining activities must be has been lodged with the Mineral and Petroleum authorized in accordance with competent authority, the Resources Development the requirements of this Act. Department of Mineral Regulations of 2004, as Resources (DMR) amended

National Environmental An application for Management Act, 107 of 1998 All Listed Activities triggered by Environmental Authorisation (NEMA), and the mining permit application is (EA), as well as a BA and Environmental Impact listed in Table 1. The BAR EMPr, have been prepared in Assessment (EIA) Regulations document is based on the EIA compliance with Regulation 19 of 2014, as amended, and Regulations of 2014, including and Appendix 1 and 4 the EIA Listing Notices 324, 325 and public participation (Section B) Regulations of 2014. 327

National Environmental Registration and reporting to Mitigation Measures in the Management: Air Quality Act, the BUF (relevant air quality EMPr include registration with 39 of 2004 (NEM:AQA), officer) and implementation of Buffalo City Metropolitan as including the dust fallout monitoring plan

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APPLICABLE LEGISLATION REFERENCE WHERE HOW DOES THIS AND GUIDELINES USED APPLIED DEVELOPMENT COMPLY

TO COMPILE THE REPORT (i.e. Where in this document has it WITH AND RESPOND TO been explained how the THE POLICY AND (A description of the policy and development complies with and legislative context within which the responds to the legislation and LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT development is proposed including policy context) an identification of all legislation, (E.g. In terms of the National Water policies, plans, guidelines, spatial Act:-Water Use License has not been tools, municipal development applied for). planning frameworks and instruments that are applicable to this activity and are to be considered in the assessment process); List of activities which result in the relevant authority for air atmospheric emissions which quality licence have or may have a significant detrimental effect on the environment, including health, social conditions, economic conditions, ecological conditions or cultural heritage of 2013 (GNR 893) and

National Dust Control Regulations

(GNR. 827) and

National Atmospheric Emission Reporting Regulations of 2015 (GNR 283) and

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Government Gazette No. 32816) (NAAQS)

National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 59 of 2008, including the Mitigation Measures in the National Waste Information EMPr includes good Regulations of 2012 (GN A Waste Licence is NOT housekeeping practices that R625) and required for this mine. must be instituted to ensure a Regulations regarding the clean environment. planning and management of residue stockpiles and residue deposits from a prospecting,

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APPLICABLE LEGISLATION REFERENCE WHERE HOW DOES THIS AND GUIDELINES USED APPLIED DEVELOPMENT COMPLY

Complies with National Water

National Water Act, 36 of 1998 Act (NWA) and The development will be

Regulations on use of water for utilising water that accumulates The principles of water use, mining and related activities in the quarry mainly from rain, Protection of water resources aimed at the protection of where approximately 10 000 water resources of 1999 (GN litres per day will be used.

R1091) The mine will apply for a water use authorisation.

Safety and security for local Road Traffic Act, 93 of 1996 Access road already exists inhabitants

National Heritage Resources An HIA has been done to All specialist studies Act 25 of 1999 determine heritage sensitivities

The development is not taking National Environmental Identification of sensitive areas place within a protected area Management: Protected Areas and Baseline Environment or Protected Area expansion Act No 57 of 2003 strategy areas

All Threatened or Protected National Environmental Species, Threatened Management: Biodiversity Act Ecosystems and Alien Invasive No. 10 of 2004 and No permits needed for any Species were identified and Threatened or protected faunal or floral species integrated into the Baseline species regulations of 2015 Environment and Mitigation (GN R255) and measures of Table 11.

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APPLICABLE LEGISLATION REFERENCE WHERE HOW DOES THIS AND GUIDELINES USED APPLIED DEVELOPMENT COMPLY

List of Ecosystems that are Threatened or in need of Protection of 2011 and

Alien and invasive species regulations of 2014

6) Need and desirability of the proposed activities.

In order to remain economically competitive and to provide construction materials to the local consumer, quarries need to be in the vicinity where the market demand is. This project will supply sand (general) and stone aggregate and gravel for use in the building and construction industry within the Buffalo City Metropolitan area.

An economically exploitable ore body has been identified on the property. The growing demand for sand, stone aggregate and gravel for the building industry in the Eastern Cape, and the proximity of the mine to the building and construction sectors in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, prompted the submission of an application for the mining activities. This project will contribute to job creation and the economic development of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality.

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It is expected that Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality will grow at an average annual rate of 1.67% from 2016 to 2021 (Buffalo City Metro Municipality Socio-Economic Review and Outlook, 2017). The average annual growth rate of Eastern Cape Province and South Africa is expected to grow at 1.62% and 1.61% respectively. The development of a mine that contributes to building infrastructure and aids the growth of the economy within the trading and building industry, this adds to the growth of the economy.

The following plan (Figure 4) represents the overall Spatial Development Framework (SDF) which is a summary of environmental and resource elements; development nodes and corridors; special development areas, infrastructure proposals and proposed land uses identified for Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (Draft Integrated Development Plan review, 2018/19).

Proposed

mining area

Figure 4 : Map of the Spatial Development Framework of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality

According to the SDF of the BUF, the area where the mining operations is proposed is reserved for “Open Space” as well as the surrounding area to be “Rural Settlement” areas which still need planning. As the mining area is more than 700m away from the nearest community, leaving enough space for the rural settlements to expand.

Currently the area is being utilised by local farmers for feeding grounds for their cattle. In return for losing 5 ha of their browsing area, the community will receive compensation for

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making the land available to H&I for mining activities that can be used to the benefit of the community.

7) Motivation for the overall preferred site, activities and technology alternative.

One of the main reasons for applying for a mine in this area is for the reason that next to the proposed mining permit area is a currently operating mine, named Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd. Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd also trades as Mount Coke Quarry and their premises and operation area will be used in conjunction with this new proposed mining application.

The reason for the newly proposed area not being directly adjacent to the current mining operations is because an already submitted application has been made on the piece of land by another applicant which was never completed. But due to still un-submitted forms and processes not followed, the area is still unavailable to be applied for mining. It is aimed to in the near future also apply to mine the area between the current mining operations and the newly proposed mining area.

The selected site within this location is preferred as it has sufficient saleable material to justify a financially viable investment within 5 ha. The mining potential of the site cannot be ignored, as an economically-viable ore body is present.

Opencast Open pit drill and blast mining operations are proven technologies to be the most economical technologies. This type of technology is used without exception throughout the entire South Africa. Underground mining would not be feasible as an alternative technology type as it is economically more expensive.

8) Full description of the process followed to reach the proposed preferred

alternatives within the site.

NB!! – This section is about the determination of the specific site layout and the location of infrastructure and activities on site, having taken into consideration the issues raised by interested and affected parties, and the consideration of alternatives to the initially proposed site layout.

v) Details of the development footprint alternatives considered. With reference to the site plan provided as Appendix D and the location of the individual activities on site, provide details of the alternatives considered with respect to: (a) the property on which or location where it is proposed to undertake the activity; (b) the type of activity to be undertaken; (c) the design or layout of the activity; (d) the technology to be used in the activity; (e) the operational aspects of the activity; and (f) the option of not implementing the activity.

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A number of alternatives were considered : (a) Location The selected location to the south of King William’s Town offers a sustainable economic – and social development. Once the area had been selected, the 5 hectare site had to be chosen not to interfere with existing quarry operations , but rather complement it.

The proposed area is not directly adjacent to the current mining operations because another application has been made on the piece of land by another applicant. This application was never completed due to un-submitted forms and processes not followed, resulting in the adjacent land area not being available for this application. It is imperative that a mining application is lodged, to ensure a continuous operation for Mount Coke Quarry.

(b) Type of Activity The selected area is situated two hundred metres from another mining operation, limiting alternative activities for the area.

According to the SDF of the BUF, the area where the mining operations is proposed is reserved for “Open Space” as well as the surrounding area to be “Rural Settlement” areas which still need planning. There are many drainage lines running through the whole area as well as the area being on a big slope of the mountain which also limits the area for other types of developments such as any residential and industrial development.

The area is not zoned as a CBA and is in the close vicinity of the town of King William’s Town and surrounded with villages, which restricts conservation options. Agriculture would be one of the best alternatives to mining as it is already the current activity in the area and it sustains the local farmers.

(c) Layout Alternatives The quarrying site should be kept as close as possible to a square shape. This would yield the optimum extraction with the smallest footprint complying with Section 2 of the MPRDA. The mining site should be as close as possible to the existing pit excavations to concentrate the mining impacts localised to one site.

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The newly proposed area is not directly adjacent to the current mining operations because an already submitted application has been made on the piece of land by another applicant which was never completed. It is aimed to in the near future also apply to mine the area between the current mining operations and the newly proposed mining area.

(d) Alternative Technologies Opencast Open pit drill and blast mining operations are proven technologies to be the most economical technologies. This type of technology is used without exception throughout the entire South Africa. Underground mining would not be feasible as an alternative technology type as it is economically more expensive.

(e) Alternative operations Limited operational alternatives were investigated: 1) Alternative entrances and road networks: No alternative entrances and road networks will be assessed. The preferred option will be to utilise existing roads as much as possible, to prevent further environmental impact and minimise the cost of road construction. The existing roads offer the best option in terms of road design. 2) Alternative mining methods: For this mining operation no alternative mining methods will be assessed. The preferred Opencast Open pit drill and blast mining operations are proven technologies to be the most economical technologies. Underground mining would not be feasible as an alternative technology type as it is economically more expensive.

(f) No-Go Alternative The No-Go Alternative would result in the area remaining in its current state, namely overgrazed communal land. Environmental degradation of the area would increase, due to increased erosion, siltation of drainage lines and downstream dams, and introduction of Alien Invasive Plants. The area will provide no economic benefit to BCM, including rates, and the creation or maintenance of no jobs. The employees at the current operations will lose their jobs after mine closure, and a source of aggregates would be lost to the local construction industry.

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vi) Details of the Public Participation Process Followed Describe the process undertaken to consult interested and affected parties including public meetings and one on consultation. NB the affected parties must be specifically consulted regardless of whether or not they attended public meetings. (Information to be provided to affected parties must include sufficient detail of the intended operation to enable them to assess what impact the activities will have on them or on the use of their land.

Public participation activities that have been / are to be undertaken to inform the public, stakeholders and Organs of State of the applications and availability of the Basic Assessment Report are listed below.

 Newspaper Advert published on Tuesday, 8th October, 2019, in The Daily Dispatch (English) (see copy of the advert as Appendix C1).

 Site notices (English) placed at the following location on the 26 October 2019: Entrance to the site Proof of placement of the site notices and contents of the site notices can be seen as Appendix C2.

 Consultation regarding the Mt Coke False Shieldback species was made with Dr. Adrian J. Armstrong and can be seen as Appendix C6.

 A Background Information Document (BID) with a comment and registration form was sent to all I&AP’s as identified. This communication was sent electronically via email. Copies of the BID mentioned above can be seen as Appendix C3. The I&AP database is attached as Appendix C4.

 The mining operator Haw & Inglis Construction (Pty) Ltd and the Ezixhotyeni Community of Zwelitsha had a meeting where a Joint Venture was established. The signed documented agreement is attached as Appendix C5.

 An email to registered I&APs, landowners, ward councillors and commenting authorities has been sent to notify these parties of the application and availability of the Draft Report for 30-day commenting period on the 24th January 2020. Relevant authorities e-mailed include: o Buffalo City Municipality: Environmental Management o Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture o Eastern Cape Department of Water and Sanitation (including hard copy) o Eastern Cape Department of Rural Development and Land Reform

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o Eastern Cape Department of Roads and Public Works o Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Agency o Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency o Eastern Cape Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (including 2 hard copies and a cd) o Department of Forestry

Comments received during the 30 day public participation period will be incorporated in the Final Report which will be submitted to the competent Authority (DMR) for their decision. The Draft Basic Assessment Report and Draft Environmental Management Programme have therefore been made available via e-mail to all registered I&APs from the 24th January 2020 (30 day public participation period, accounting for public holidays). All evidence of communication and received comments from Interested & Affected Parties are included as Appendix C5.

vii) Summary of issues raised by I&APs (Complete the table summarising comments and issues raised, and reaction to those responses) All comments raised by I&APs are summarised in Table 3. All I&APs are listed in the I&AP register in Appendix C5.

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Table 3 Concerns raised by Interested & Affected Parties

Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

AUTHORITIES & STAKEHOLDERS

RESPONSES TO BID

The Only an Aquatic Appendix D3; Department Assessment Report Table 4 Summary of Water has been done of specialist report recommendations and Sanitation (DWS)

All aspects and Table 6 Mitigation possible impacts are measures for the addressed in the environmental specialist study and impacts of the integrated into the mining activities. mitigation measures, for example buffer zones will be implemented around drainage lines.

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Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

The development will Part B) 2. be utilising water that Volumes and rate

accumulates in the of water use quarry mainly from required for the rain, where operation approximately 10 000 litres per day will be used.

Toilets will be Table 6 Mitigation maintained and measures for the services annually environmental impacts of the mining activities.

All hazardous Table 6 Mitigation material, including measures for the petrol and diesel, will environmental be stored within a impacts of the designated area mining activities. within bund walls.

All hazardous Table 6 Mitigation material will be measures for the stored within a environmental designated area impacts of the within bund walls. mining activities.

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Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

Spill kits will be on site for accidents.

A rehabilitation plan Part B – is drawn up and will Rehabilitation

be implemented Practices

The mine manager Table 6 Mitigation must notify the measures for the Department within 24 environmental hours of any incident impacts of the that may pollute a mining activities. water resource.

Complies with Table 4 Policy and National Water Act Legislative Context of mining permit application by Mount Coke Quarry

All boundary Appendix B coordinates are submitted on the layout plan map.

RESPONSES TO DRAFT BAR&EMP

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Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

Mr Kabelo Objection: Your objection letter has Email Chappie correspondence been received and your Nalihle Resources(Pty) Ltd would like to object on the above mentioned mining proof in Appendix permit application based on the following reasons objection to the mining C5 1. Nalihle Resources(Pty) Ltd holds a mining a permit adjacent to the land permit application EC in question and according Section 10 of EIA Regulation 2017 as amended, 30/5/1/2/2/10568 MP is Nalihle is regarded as a lawful adjacent land user and therefore proper acknowledged. You have consultation is required been registered as an • The proposed operation will have many negative implication on Nalihle’s operation e.i. Traffic , sales, other Environmental impacts Interested and Affected Party (I&AP) and have 2. Nalihle Resources has also acted pro actively to confirm with community appointed representative, attorney and secretary regarding as to whether been included in the consultations have been held with them pertaining to the application and please register of I&AP. You see below the response. have also received the Nalihle Resources: Background Information "I am objecting the application and I’m simply following the law and asking as to Document (BID) and whether the company has followed the rules of the law as i as an affected party Draft Basic Assessment have not been consulted." Report and 3. Response: The contents of this paragraph is noted and reasons of objection Environmental is also noted. Kindly be reminded that in early 2019 we had scheduled to revise contractual negotiations on terms that had not been concluded. Due to such Management delays and failure concluding such negotiations, wherein I had received a Programme (BAR&EMP) mandated to give a notice of termination at the end of this current contract document. Your entered into, I fully submit that is sufficient and in any contractual undertaking

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Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

after such notice would not place Nalihle Resources (PTY) LTD as an affected comments will be party (subject to correction).Attached herein is the email sent to yourselves as addressed in the final interested parties as annexure "EMI3". BAR&EMP document.

Referring to point 3, I am not certain who made these comments as it was not me as EAP and therefore cannot respond to it.

It is not possible to put the application on hold, as in my opinion all the legislation has been followed. It is also impossible for two applications to be overlapping and according to section 9 of the MPRDA, the first

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Where in report Name Comment Response addressed

application takes precedence, which is K2019436499 (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd trading as Mount Coke Quarry.

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9) Baseline Environment ix) Type of environment affected by the proposed activity. (its current geographical, physical, biological, socio-economic, and cultural character). 1) Climate

The regional climate conditions are included in the description of the receiving environment to provide an understanding of the climatic conditions anticipated for the mining site. This information will be used in the assessment of impacts that are influenced by seasonal factors, for example dust fallout.

King William's Town's climate is classified as warm and temperate. King William's Town has a significant amount of rainfall during the year. This is true even for the driest month. The temperature here averages 18.0 °C. About 600 mm of precipitation falls annually. The least amount of rainfall occurs in June. The average in this month is 19 mm. With an average of 78 mm, the most precipitation falls in March. The temperatures are highest on average in February, at around 22.3 °C. July has the lowest average temperature of the year. It is 13.6 °C. The variation in the precipitation between the driest and wettest months is 59 mm. During the year, the average temperatures vary by 8.7 °C.

Figure 5: Table showing the average temperature per month throughout the year (climate-data.org).

2) Geographical

King William’s Town is a town in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa along the banks of the Buffalo River. The town is about 60 kilometers North West of the Indian Ocean port of East London. The town is part of Buffalo City in the Eastern Cape.

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King, as the town is locally called, stands 389 m above the sea at the foot of the Amathole Mountains and in the midst of a densely populated agricultural district.

Figure 6 : Locality of Mount Coke Quarry shown on a Google Earth ™ image

3) Geology  Mineralogy The site is situatued within the Beaufort Group, which sub-divides into the lower Adelaide – and upper Tarkastad Subgroups. The grey and red coloured mudstones (Pum) of the Middleton Formation of the Adelaide Subgroup (of Upper Permian age) have been intersected by dolerite intrusions and extrusions (of Jurassic age). Doleriteforms the majority of the rock mass of the quarry. It consists of grey medium – to coarse grained crystalline dolerite (Jd). Weathered surfaces are pale yellow to brown in colour resulting from iron oxide staining.

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Mount Coke Quarry

Figure 7 : Geology of the area , dominated by dolerite (maroon) and mudstrone (light blue).

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Figure 8 : The weathered zone crust (left) and the foliation due to weathering (right)

Figure 9 : The competent rock is overlain with a thick layer of residual clayey loamy soils.

Topography The topography at Mount Coke Quarry varies between 430 m.a.s.l. along the western boundary (being the highest point) and about 410 m.a.s.l. in the north-eastern corner, being

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the lowest point. As this is a new quarry, no benches exist as of yet and for all practical purposes is accepted to be flat to gradually undulated. The quarry pit had disturbed the original ground level by circa 9 hectares. The topsoil layer is well developed and new mine developments require substantial topsoil removal.

4) Flora The vegetation on site and the surrounding area is classified as Bhisho Thornveld (Figure 14), a sub-escarpment savanna that occurs in the Eastern Cape. The grassland in the area and of the proposed mining area is heavily impacted by cattle, resulting in overgrazing, loss of species richness and canopy cover, and erosion.

 Ecological Assessment o Vegetation Community Composition

The majority of the site consists can be considered a bushclump Savanna, and is considerably more woody than the description of Bhisho Thornveld. This may be due to a number of factors, including the proximity of Thicket, overgrazing and suppression of fire that causes increase I establishment of woody species, and rocky outcrops that promote establishment of woody species. It can be considered a grassland with interspersed bushclumps, in particular in rocky areas.

The bushclumps are dominated by woody trees and shrubs, namely Burchellia bubalina, Canthium spinosum, Carissa macrocarpa, Coddia rudis, Colpoon compressum, Cussonia spicata, Diospyros dichrophylla, D. scabrida, Dovyalis rhamnoides, Ehretia rigida, Eleaodendron zeyheri, Ficus sur, Gymnosporia buxifolia, G. capitata, G. heterophylla, G. nemerosa, Hippobromus pauciflorus, Maytenus undata, Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Ochna arborea, Olea europea, Rapanea melanophleos, Scolopia zeyheri, Searsia incisa, S. lucida, S. pyroides, Sideroxylon inerme and Trimeria trinervis. Woody and succulent climbers identified include Asparagus aethioipicus, A. suaveolens, Rhoicissus tridentata, Secamone alpini, as well as understorey geophytes (Haemanthus albiflos, Veltheimia bracteata).

Common grasses in the grassland area are Cynodon dactylon, Eragrostis capensis, E. chloromelas, Hyparrhenia hirta, Panicum maximum, Setaria sphacelata, Sporobolus africanus and Themeda triandra. Overgrazing has reduced the cover and diversity of grasses present. Dwarf shrubs present in the grassland include Dyschoriste setigera, Thunbergia capensis, Centella asiatica, Asparagus striatus, Chrysocoma ciliata, Felicia

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filifolia, F. muricata, Gerbera piloselloides, Helichrysum anomalum, H. cymosum, H. nudifolium, Pteronia incana, Wahlenbergia undulata, Indigofera sessilifolia, Rhyncosia ciliata, R. totta, Tephrosia capensis, Richardia brasiliensis, and Chascanum cuneifolium. A number of succulents occur, mostly in rocky patches, such as Bergeranthus leightoniae, Trichodiadema orientale, Huernia barbata, Crassula ericoides, Euphorbia procumbens and E. stellata.

The south-facing slope, near to the neighbouring villages, has reduced grass cover and is dominated by dwarf and medium shrubs, in particular Anthospermum aethiopicum, Vachellia karroo A dense stand of Paraserianthes lophantha occurs in the on the steep slope along the river in the south-east of the site. This stand has been colonised by indigenous Thicket species, such as Vachellia karroo, Scutia myrtina.

A number of drainage lines, with associated riparian and wetland vegetation, occurs on site as well. These have formed artificial wetlands along the embankment constructed for the mine, as well as the R346. The drainage lines and wetlands are heavily impacted by trampling and overgrazing by cattle, resulting in high rates of erosion, and the formation of dongas. Dominant grasses (Cynodon dactylon, Enneaepogon scoparius, Eragrostis plana, Melinis repens, Paspalum dilatatum, Pennisetum thunbergii), rushes (Juncus exsertus and J. kraussii) and sedges (Bulboschoenus maritimus, Fuirena hirsuta, Schoenoplectus decipiens, Schoenus nigricans) and Typha capensis occur, as well as herbs, including Berula thunbergii, Centella asiatica, Grammatotheca bergiana, Lobelia thermalis, Falkia repens, Monopsis unidentata, Anagallis arvensis and Rubia petiolaris. The geophyte Cyrthanthus brachyscyphus was in flower during the assessment.

The operational mine area is considered to be transformed, and is dominated by weedy indigenous and alien species, including Richardia brasiliensis, Anagallis arvensis, Melinis repens, Setaria sphacelata, Cynodon dactylon, Hermannia althaeoides, Hypoxis angustifolia, Medicago polymorpha, Commelina africana, Taraxacum officinale, Senecio burchellii, Nidorella ivifolia, Gazania krebsiana, Berkheya heterophylla, Arctotheca calendula, Gomphocarpus fruticosus and Berula thunbergii.

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Photo 2 Top: Mining Activities of the existing mine, with a drainage line in the mid ground. Middle: The drainage line in the north of the site, from the mining area. Bottom: Bushclump Savanna on the 5 ha mining permit area.

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Figure 10 Vegetation types of Ibhino Sand Mining Permit Area.

o Threatened and Protected Species There were 131 plant species recorded from the assessed area. One species has been identified as a Species of Conservation Concern (SCC), according to the Red List of South African Plants (Appendix 3 of Botanical Specialist Report attached as Appendix D1). Trichodiadema orientale is classified as DDT, indicating that it’s taxonomy is uncertain. This species occurs in the deeper soils around the drainage lines in the centre of the assessed area. One tree species is listed under the National Forests Act No. 84 of 1998, namely milkwood (Sideroxylon inerme). These may not be removed or damaged without the relevant permit from DAFF.

Twelve species are protected under Schedule 4 of the Nature and Environmental Conservation Ordinance of 1974. These are members of the families Aizoaceae (formerly Mesembryanthemaceae)(Bergeranthus leightoniae, Trichodiadema orientale), Amaryllidaceae (Cyrtanthus brachyscyphus, Haemanthus albiflos), Apocynaceae (including former family Asclepediaceae)(Carissa macrocarpa, Gomphocarpus fruticosus, Huernia barbata, Secamone alpini), Asphodelaceae (Aloe maculata, Bulbine latifolia), as well as Veltheimia bracteata, Dietes grandiflora and Halleria lucida. Permits are required from DEDEAT for their clearance. Apart from these species, Ficus sur, Hypoxis angustifolia and

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H. solbolifera, Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Monsonia emarginata, Olea europea, Pelargonium alchemilloides, Sideoxylon inerme, Scolopia zeyheri and Rhoicissus tridentata are Protected under ECECB.

5) Conservation Bhisho Thornveld is found between 200m and 700 m.a.s.l. on undulating to moderately steep slopes, sometimes in shallow, incised drainage valleys from near Mthatha in a band parallel to but inland of the coast to north of East London, turning to run along the southern side of the Amathole Mountains as far as Fort Beaufort, in the Eastern Cape. It can be found on Mudstones with subordinate sandstone of the Adelaide Subgroup (Beaufort Group, Karoo Supergroup) which underlies most of the area and is intruded by Karoo dolerite dykes and sills. The substrate is primarily loamy soils, but there is significant variability.

This vegetation type can be considered to be an open savanna dominated by small trees of Acacia natalitia with a short to medium, dense, sour grassy understorey, usually dominated by Themeda triandra when in good condition. A diversity of other woody species also occur, often increasing under conditions of overgrazing. Bhisho Thornveld is classified as Least Threatened.

Figure 11 Dominant vegetation types of the mining site, according to Mucina & Rutherford (2012).

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 Regional Context o Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan (ECBCP) (2007)

The Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan (2007) is a regional systematic biodiversity conservation plan for the Eastern Cape (Figure 12). The plan set certain development guidelines based on calculated biodiversity score for different landscapes. Basically the terrestrial areas covered by the plan are designated as Critical Biodiversity 1, 2, or 3 areas, each with specific development recommendations.

The proposed mining area does not fall within a Terrestrial CBA, as indicated by the Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan (2007). The ECBCP systematic conservation assessment has identified critically endangered vegetation types (ecosystems); areas essential for meeting biodiversity targets for biodiversity features (SA vegetation types, expert mapped priority areas); and there could be critically endangered forest patches in terms of the National Forest Agreement, as well as forest clusters that have been identified as critical in the forestry planning process (Berliner et al., 2007).

For each Terrestrial CBA category, there are Biodiversity Land Management Class (BLMC) that are included. Mainly, BLMC 1 for natural landscapes and BLMC 2 which are for near- natural landscapes. Each BLMC has specific land use objectives.

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Figure 12 Proposed mining site in relation to Terrestrial Critical Biodiversity Areas identified by ECBCP (2007).

6) Fauna

The following section describes the different faunal species which have been recorded in the area of the proposed mining area and have been categorized according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For this information, a species list from the website “MammalMap.adu” was extracted for the Quarter Degree Square (QDS) of 3227CD in which the proposed mining site falls in. The whole species list of each possible faunal type in the area is attached as Appendix D4, which shows all species recorded in the surrounding area of the proposed mining site. The section below only mentions the species which are considered Threatened.

Mammals – 14 species of mammals have been recorded in the QDS 3227CD (ADU 2017). One Vulnerable (VU) species, the Blue Duiker (Philantomba monticola), and two Near Threatened (NT) species, the Southern African Vlei Rat (Otomys auratus) and the African Striped Weasel (Poecilogale albinucha), were recorded in the relevant QDS. As the area has been transformed to agricultural land, previous mining exposure and nearby housing development for the past few years, it is highly unlikely that good habitat for the Vulnerable

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or two Near Threatened species still exist on the proposed mining area, therefore no new damage will be done to habitat for these species.

Butterflies – 22 Butterfly species have previously been collected in 3227CD (ADU 2017). Of which all is characterized as being Least Concerned.

Insects - The Mount Coke false shieldback (Acilacris furcatus) is a tettigoniid orthopteran that is endemic to a single small locality in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This species has been listed as being a Critically Endangered species (The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2020). What needs to be done, according to Herpetofauna & Invertebrates specialist Dr. Adrian Armstrong, is a survey of the planned mining area for the species at the time of year when adults can be found and during conditions favorable for the adults (during spring or summer months). Several visits under good weather conditions for the species should be made to the 5 ha area to determine whether habitat for the species and the species itself occurs there. Consultation with Dr Armstrong can be seen as Appendix C6. Their geographical range stretches over the proposed mining permit area. Due to the small area being affected, the possibility of negatively influencing the species is very low since it has not been seen since its original discovery in 1965 (Bazelet, C. & Naskrecki, P., 2014).

Frogs – 11 Frog species have previously been collected in 3227CD (ADU 2017). Of which all is characterized as being Least Concerned.

Dragonflies and Damselflies - 4 Odonata species have previously been collected in 3227CD (ADU 2017). Of which all is characterized as being Least Concerned.

Reptiles – 9 Reptile species have previously been collected in 3227CD (ADU 2017). Of which all is characterized as being Least Concerned.

Birds – 191 Bird species have previously been recorded in Pentad 3255_2725 (sabap2.adu). One Vulnerable (VU) species, the Southern Ground-hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri), and two Near Threatened (NT) species, the Knysna Woodpecker (Campethera notata) and the Denham’s Bustard (Neotis denhami), and one Endangered (EN) species, the Black Harrier (Circus maurus), were recorded in the relevant QDS.

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According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Southern Ground-hornbill species has a large distribution range and they occupy territories of about 100–250 km2 per group.

The Knysna Woodpecker species is confined to coastal areas of forest, woodland, dense bush or open country with large trees, extending marginally inland in places. The favored habitat for this species to nest and live does not occur on the proposed mining site.

The Denham’s Bustard has a very wide distribution range, inhabiting grasslands, grassy Acacia-studded dunes, fairly dense shrubland, light woodland, farmland, crops, dried marsh and arid scrub plains, also grass-covered ironstone pans and burnt savanna woodland and high rainfall sour grassveld, planted pastures and cereal croplands in fynbos in South Africa. Denham’s Bustard has a wide enough range of distribution.

The Black Harrier species often breeds close to coastal and upland marshes with tall shrubs or reeds, occurring in dry steppe and grassland areas further north in the non-breeding season. In the Western Cape of South Africa, the species is most abundant in coastal and montane fynbos, whilst in Namibia it favors coastal river floodplains.

As this site is degraded, the loss of 5 ha of possible habitat will have a negligible impact of these species.

7) Socio-economic The economy of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality is the second largest metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Cape. It contributes 1.7% to the South African economy and 21.2% to the Eastern Cape’s economy.

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Figure 13 : Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - Buffalo City, Eastern Cape And National Total, 2006-2021 [Average Annual Growth Rate, Constant 2010 Prices].

In 2021, Buffalo City's forecasted GDP will be an estimated R 50.1 billion or 20.0% of the total GDP of Eastern Cape Province. The ranking in terms of size of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality will remain the same between 2016 and 2021, with a contribution to the Eastern Cape Province GDP of 20.0% in 2021 compared to the 19.9% in 2016. At a 1.67% average annual GDP growth rate between 2016 and 2021, Buffalo City ranked the third compared to the other regional economies.

In this region there are more than 373 000 people living in poverty, representing approximately 49% of the population. The illiteracy rate in Buffalo City is high with over 12% of the population being functionally illiterate. The number of people aged 20 years or older without any schooling is a matter of concern, but fortunately this figure has been coming down. The number of economically active people in Buffalo City in 2013 was 305 000, representing 45% of the region’s population. The corresponding figures for the Eastern Cape and South Africa are 30% and 38% respectively.

In 2016, there were a total number of 95 100 people unemployed in Buffalo City, which is an increase of 7 970 from 87 100 in 2006. The total number of unemployed people within Buffalo City constitutes 15.77% of the total number of unemployed people in Eastern Cape Province. The Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality experienced an average annual

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increase of 0.88% in the number of unemployed people, which is better than that of the Eastern Cape Province which had an average annual increase in unemployment of 1.65%. In 2016, the unemployment rate in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (based on the official definition of unemployment) was 26.30%, which is a decrease of -0.346 percentage points. The unemployment rate in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality is lower than that of Eastern Cape. The unemployment rate for South Africa was 26.33% in 2016, which is a increase of -0.563 percentage points from 25.77% in 2006.

Figure 14: Unemployment and Unemployment rate (official definition) - Buffalo City

With 848 000 people, the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality housed 1.5% of South Africa's total population in 2016. Between 2006 and 2016 the population growth averaged 1.01% per annum which is close to half than the growth rate of South Africa as a whole (1.54%). Compared to Eastern Cape's average annual growth rate (0.83%), the growth rate in Buffalo City's population at 1.01% was slightly higher than that of the province.

Total population can be categorised according to the population group, as well as the sub- categories of age and gender. Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality's male/female split in population was 92.4 males per 100 females in 2016. The Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality appears to be a fairly stable population with the share of female population (51.97%) being very similar to the national average of (51.07%). In total there were 441 000 (51.97%) females and 408 000 (48.03%) males. This is different from Eastern Cape Province as a whole where the female population counted 3.67 million which constitutes 52.31% of the total population of 7.01 million.

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In 2016, the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality's population consisted of 86.77% African (736 000), 6.74% White (57 200), 5.68% Coloured (48 200) and 0.80% Asian (6 810) people. The largest share of population is within the young working age (25-44 years) age category with a total number of 299 000 or 35.3% of the total population. The age category with the second largest number of people is the babies and kids (0-14 years) age category with a total share of 26.0%, followed by the teenagers and youth (15-24 years) age category with 145 000 people. The age category with the least number of people is the retired / old age (65 years and older) age category with only 53 900 people.

Within Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, the number of people without any schooling decreased from 2006 to 2016 with an average annual rate of -4.72%, while the number of people within the 'matric only' category, increased from 110,000 to 151,000. The number of people with 'matric and a certificate/diploma' increased with an average annual rate of 2.29%, with the number of people with a 'matric and a Bachelor's' degree increasing with an average annual rate of 7.96%. Overall improvement in the level of education is visible with an increase in the number of people with 'matric' or higher education. The number of people without any schooling in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality accounts for 6.94% of the number of people without schooling in the province and a total share of 0.96% of the national. In 2016, the number of people in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality with a matric only was 151,000 which is a share of 17.98% of the province's total number of people that has obtained a matric. The number of people with a matric and a Postgrad degree constitutes 23.19% of the province and 1.99% of the national.

8) Cultural & Heritage King William’s Town was originally declared the provincial capital of the surrounding Adelaide District in the 1830s. On 5 May 1877, the Cape Government of Prime Minister John Molteno opened the first railway, connecting the town to East London on the coast and to the Xhosa lands inland and further east.

The establishment of mission stations was one of the cornerstones of colonial expansion focusing on spirituality, education, communication, and health, mission stations put churches, schools and hospitals to use in the colonization of community and culture. The Wesleyans began their work at Mount Coke in times of continued conflict between the Xhosa and colony on the frontier. They were used as convenient go-betweens by the chiefs and colonial government.

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The area's economy depended on cattle and sheep ranching, and the town itself has a large industrial base producing textiles, soap, candles, sweets, cartons and clothing. In recent years, its proximity to the new provincial capital city of Bhisho has brought much development to the area since the end of apartheid in 1994.

No systematic archaeological research has been conducted within the proposed area and immediate surrounds. Several archaeological, heritage and cultural impact assessments have been conducted within the King Williams Town, Breidbach, and East London area. These assessments recorded colonial heritage sites as well as Early, Middle and Later Stone Age sites including coastal shell middens, as well as graves and buildings of architectural significance.

x) Description of the current land uses.

The current proposed site is situated within the Ezixhotyeni community. Adjacent to the proposed mine is the current mine permit, operated by Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd (Figure 17). The area is surrounded by land used for agricultural purposes by the farmers of the local community. The new mining area will be an extension of the current Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd mining permit area. The villages KwaNdubungela and Zixothyeni are in the close vicinity of the proposed mining area and would be the most influenced. xi) Description of specific environmental features and infrastructure on the site. According to the Botanical as well as the Aquatic Specialist Assessment found the majority of the site is classified as having a MODERATE sensitivity, as the natural vegetation is still present, albeit moderately degraded due to overgrazing (See Figure 15). The site does not fall within a CBA. It does have a relatively high biodiversity value, due to a large number of species present, but few Species of Conservation Concern, as well as a number of Protected species, were recorded. The ecological functioning of most of the site can be considered intact, except where mining has previously occurred, although relatively degraded, due to overgrazing and erosion. The drainage lines on site have a HIGH sensitivity, including the required 34 m buffer around watercourses. Areas that were in the past or are presently part of the operational mine are considered to have a VERY LOW sensitivity.

The site surroundings were confirmed to form part of the upper reaches of the Buffalo River, and included several unnamed tributaries of this same river. These unnamed

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tributaries then eventuate in the upper inundation areas of the Laing Dam. No natural wetlands were shown to occur within 500m of the site.

Adjacent to the proposed mine is the current mine permit, operated by Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd. The infrastructure such as a screening plant, workshop, toilets, and office of the mine is currently still in operation and within designated site.

A number of NO-GO areas have been identified and have to be integrated into the mine plan (Figure 16). These No-Go areas include the drainage lines and their legislated 34 m buffer, as well as the surrounding intact vegetation. If mining is to occur within a watercourse, a water use authorisation will have to be applied for.

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Figure 15 : Conservation value of proposed Mount Coke Quarry expansion area.

Figure 16 Identified No-Go Areas within the Mount Coke Quarry expansion area.

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xii) Environmental and current land use map.

(Show all environmental, and current land use features)

Figure 17: Map showing current land-use and adjacent previous mining area, Mount Coke Quarry.

xiii) Impacts and risks identified including the nature, significance, consequence, extent, duration and probability of the impacts, including the degree to which these impacts (Provide a list of the potential impacts identified of the activities described in the initial site layout that will be undertaken, as informed by both the typical known impacts of such activities, and as informed by the consultations with affected parties together with the significance, probability, and duration of the impacts. Please indicate the extent to which they can be reversed, the extent to which they may cause irreplaceable loss of resources, and can be avoided, managed or mitigated).

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Table 4 Potential Impacts relating to the proposed mining permit application.

after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

1. Loss of Operational Excavation geological resource and Post- Mining of the mineral closure Medium 2 5 3 3 N Moderate N N Medium resource will result in (90) the loss of geological resources

2. Change in Operational Excavation Topography and and Post- Erosion closure Landscape Mining of the mineral Medium resource will result in 2 5 3 3 N Moderate N N Medium (90) change in the landscape. Erosion will also have an impact on the topography.

3. Loss of soil Operational Site clearing Medium fertility, agricultural and Post- Excavation 1 5 3 5 Y Low N N Low (75) potential closure

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

The area consists mostly of disturbed and overgrazed vegetation, but has agricultural potential.

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

4. Contamination Construction  Excavation of groundwater and and  Loading, hauling and surface water Operational transportation Groundwater quality  Fuel & lubricant may be influenced storage: Leak through pollution by  Emergency vehicle oils/fuels and solvents. repairs: oil When mining leak  Waste operations possibly Handling need to dewater it may (domestic & Geohydrology & industrial) Low influence groundwater. leachate 2 3 2 3 N High Y Y Low Hydrology (36) Drainage lines have  Vehicles (oil leaks) been identified on site. A river, surface water and a wetland area is in the close vicinity of the proposed area. Diesel or other hydrocarbons will be stored on site.

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

5. Disturbance Construction Site clearing to and loss of and Roads vegetation cover and Operational habitat Medium Site preparation will 2 5 3 3 N Moderate N Y Low (90) result in the clearing of vegetation and the permanent loss of Bhisho Thornveld

6. Loss of floral Construction, Site clearing Biodiversity Species of Operational Excavation Conservation and Post- Roads Concern and their Closure Low Very associated habitat 2 5 3 1 (30) Y High N Y Low Clearing of vegetation will result in the loss of a number of floral species

7. Loss of and Operational Site clearing Low disturbance to fauna and Post- Excavation 2 3 2 3 N High Y Y Low (36) and their associated Closure Roads

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

habitat, particularly faunal SCCs Proposed site mainly home to local farmers’ cattle. Other animals will easily move to surrounding areas when clearing commences.

8. Direct loss of Operational Loading, hauling fauna and transporting The development of the mining area, movement of trucks, Very Low Very 2 2 1 2 N Moderate Y Y and presence of more (8) Low people in the area may lead to loss of habitat for fauna species and injury or

9. Increased Operational Site clearing Low Very 2 2 3 3 Y Moderate Y Y Environmental Risks Excavating (36) Low

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

Increased number of Loading, hauling people in the area will and transporting result in the possible increase in certain risks without proper management, for example fires, poaching, illegal plant collecting and harvesting, trampling of vegetation in no-go areas, littering.

10. Disturbance Operational Site clearing of the surface and Post- Excavating resulting in Closure Loading, hauling increased risk of and transporting AIPs Rehabilitation Medium 2 3 3 3 Y Moderate N Y Low Construction of (54) infrastructure and operation of the mine will result in soil disturbance, greatly

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

increasing the chance of the establishment of alien invasive plants

11. Increase in Operational Site clearing dust emissions Excavating Low Very Mining will result in the Loading, hauling 2 2 3 3 Y Low N Y (36) Low increase of windblown and transporting dust in the area

12. Increase in Construction Site clearing gaseous emissions and Excavating Air Quality Gaseous emissions Operational Loading, hauling from the excavator, and transporting dump trucks and Very Low Very 2 2 3 2 Y Low N Y mobile screen (24) Low generator will cause air pollution, but those should be relatively negligible.

13. Increase in Construction Site clearing Very Low Very Noise noise and Excavating 2 2 3 2 Y Low N Y (24) Low Operational

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

Noise from the Loading, hauling excavator, dump trucks and transporting and mobile screen generator will cause air pollution, but those should be relatively negligible. The area is also isolated and the nuisance factor of any noise produced will be low.

14. Change in the Operational Site clearing visual character of and Post- Excavating the area Closure Loading, hauling Medium Visual The landscape will and transporting 2 5 3 3 N Moderate N Y Low (90) change as a pit will form as mining commences.

15. Loss of Operational Site clearing Very Low Very Heritage Paleontological and Excavation 2 5 1 2 N Moderate Y Y (20) Low Heritage Resources

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

Heritage artefacts as well as paleontological relics may be uncovered during the process of mining.

16. Increase in Operational Loading, hauling Traffic and transporting Truck traffic on the roads will not greatly increase as the Very Low Very Traffic 3 2 2 2 Y Low N Y proposed mine will (24) Low largely replace an existing neighboring mine that is in mine closure phase

17. Supply of Operational Excavation materials to the Loading, hauling Medium construction and transporting Socio-economic 3 2 3 4 (72) Y Moderate N N/A Medium industry (POSITIVE) The construction industry has a large

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

multiplier effect on the economy.

18. Job creation Operational Excavation and preservation Loading, hauling The proposed mine is and transporting Medium essential for the 3 2 3 3 (54) Y Low N N/A Medium economic sustainability (POSITIVE) of the mining contractor.

19. Loss of Operational Site clearing grazing land for the and Post local community Closure The local farmers will Medium 1 5 3 4 Y Moderate N Y Low lose land which is used (60) as grazing veld for their cattle which is their income.

20. Climate Operational Site clearing Change Impacts Excavation Very Low Very Climate change 4 5 0 1 Y Low Y Y Loading, hauling (20) Low and transporting

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after mitigation after

Irr

Reversibility

Significance Significance

Significance

Mitigat

Probability

eplaceability Managed?

Category

Duration Intensity

Avoided

Activity

Impact

Extent

Phase

ed or ed

No climate change impacts can be foreseen.

21. Cumulative Operational Site clearing Impacts and Post- Excavation There will be a Closure Loading, hauling Medium Cumulative 2 3 3 4 Y Moderate N Y Medium cumulative loss of and transporting (72) agricultural potential land and vegetation.

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xiv) Methodology used in determining and ranking the nature, significance, consequences, extent, duration and probability of potential environmental impacts and risks; (Describe how the significance, probability, and duration of the aforesaid identified impacts that were identified through the consultation process was determined in order to decide the extent to which the initial site layout needs revision).

The ranking of impacts / determination of significance is estimated consider the factors / criteria listed in the legislation. The definitions of each of the Assessment Criteria are provided below:

1. Extent of impact :

A spatial indication of the area impacted (i.e., how far from activity the impact is realised).

2. Duration of impact :

A temporal indication of how long the effects of the impact will persist, assuming the activity creating the impact ceases. For example, the impact of noise is short lived (impact ceases when activity ceases) whereas the impact of removing topsoil exists for a much longer period of time.

3. Probability of impact occurring:

An estimated indication of the potential for an impact to occur.

4. Intensity of the impact:

The magnitude of the impact in relation to the sensitivity of the receiving environment, taking into consideration the degree to which the impact may cause irreplaceable loss of resources.

5. Significance of an impact:

Considering the factors defined above, Significance is an indication of how serious a negative impact is anticipated to be and how beneficial a positive impact may be.

Table 5 Methodology for rating significance of proposed activities.

Category Category Rating Description

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Site only 1 Least Project site Concern/Threatened Local 2 Effects immediate Near Threatened Extent surrounding areas Municipal 3 Effects municipal Vulnerable area Regional 4 Effects regional area Endangered National 5 Effects R.S.A. Critically Endangered Very short 1 Less than 1 year term

Duration Short term 2 1 to 5 years Medium term 3 5 to 20 years Long term 4 Longer than 20 years Permanent 5 Permanent Improbable 0 Less than 30% chance Probability / Possible 1 30 to 50% chance Likelihood Probable 2 50 to 75% chance Definite 3 Greater than 75% chance Very low 1 No effect on natural, cultural or social conditions Low 2 Marginal effect on natural, cultural or social conditions

Intensity Moderate 3 Modification of natural, cultural or social conditions Temporary threat to existence of natural, High 4 cultural or social conditions Permanent Threat to existence of natural, Very high 5 cultural or social conditions Very low 0 to 24 Low 25 to 47 Medium 48 to 94 The Significance is a measurement of the Significance High 95 to product of the individual ratings of the Extent, 188 Duration, Probability and Intensity. Very high 189 to 375

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xv) The positive and negative impacts that the proposed activity (in terms of the initial site layout) and alternatives will have on the environment and the community that may be affected. (Provide a discussion in terms of advantages and disadvantages of the initial site layout compared to alternative layout options to accommodate concerns raised by affected parties) The initial site layout was selected based on the current mining operation which is already established in the area.

Other advantages of the site:

 Area already disturbed  Readily accessible using existing roads  Close to market

The disadvantages of the site:

 Clearance of vegetation and agricultural land  Erosion of the area  Close to surrounding villages that are in site of the mine that could be impacted by the limited dust and noise production  Local farmers loosing land that is used for cattle grazing

xvi) The possible mitigation measures that could be applied and the level of risk. (With regard to the issues and concerns raised by affected parties provide a list of the issues raised and an assessment/ discussion of the mitigations or site layout alternatives available to accommodate or address their concerns, together with an assessment of the impacts or risks associated with the mitigation or alternatives considered). All mitigation measures are discussed in Table 6.

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Table 6 Mitigation measures for the environmental impacts of the mining activities.

Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

1. Loss of geological  Optimise mineral extraction through effective mine planning resource Medium Medium

2. Change in  The closure objective will be to rehabilitate the area to ensure the change in

Landscape Topography and topography is dealt with properly and that the excavated pit is not left as is. Erosion  Erosion and sediment control structures should be implemented, such as runoff interceptor trenches or swales, filter or silt berms/fences, sediment barriers or

basins, rock-lined ditches/swales, slope shaping and retaining fences, surface Medium Medium water runoff management, stormwater drainage structures.  All stockpiles must be protected from erosion, stored on flat areas where runoff will be minimised, and be surrounded by bunds.  Stockpiles must be located away from river channels.

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

3. Loss of soil fertility  Where topsoil is present, clear all topsoil to a minimum of 30 cm and stockpile it and agricultural in a clearly demarcated area potential  Label stockpiles with dates  Use oldest stockpiles first  Locate stockpiles as close to the rehabilitation site as possible, and minimise Medium Low disturbance to protect the seed bank  If necessary due to high winds, sow the stockpiles with Cynodon dactylon to prevent erosion, or any other effective erosion control method  Where required, rehabilitate and revegetate areas as soon as possible using indigenous plant species, according to the mining schedule

4. Contamination of  All construction materials including fuels and oil should be stored in demarcated groundwater and areas that are contained within berms / bunds. surface water  Washing and cleaning of equipment should be done in berms or bunds.

Geohydrology and Geohydrology  Toilets must be kept clean on a daily basis and serviced annually to reduce sewage waste water. A septic tank will be used and must be maintained.  Mechanical plant and bowsers must not be refuelled or serviced within or Low directly adjacent to any channel. Low

Hydrology  A comprehensive rehabilitation plan must be implemented to ensure a net benefit to the aquatic environment.  Chemicals used for construction must be stored safely on site and surrounded

by bunds. Chemical storage containers must be regularly inspected so that any leaks are detected early.

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

 No plant should be serviced or maintained within any watercourse or the proposed buffer (34m).  Littering and contamination of water sources during construction must be prevented by effective construction camp and on-site management.  Emergency plans must be in place in case of spillages onto road surfaces and water courses.  All stockpiles must be protected from erosion, stored on flat areas where run-off will be minimised, and be surrounded by bunds.  Stockpiles must be located away from river channels.

5. Disturbance to and  Design an Environmental Awareness Programme that highlights the local loss of vegetation environmental sensitivities and risks cover and habitat  Minimise vegetation clearance for mining and the footprint for the disturbed area Biodiversity as far as possible Medium  Conduct a Search and Rescue for all SCCs and TOPs within the site before the Low commencement of mining

 Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as No- Go areas and prohibit any activities within them  Appoint a suitably qualified ECO to ensure compliance with EMPr

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

 Design a rehabilitation plan that restores the ecological functionality of the site, and biodiversity value  Where required, rehabilitate and revegetate areas as soon as possible using indigenous plant species  Exclude all areas regarded as having high sensitivity  Relevant permits must be applied for to remove all protected species  Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be removed before mining commences  Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m  A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation  Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably qualified individual, either ECO or specialist  Indigenous grass seed mix must be used for rehabilitation  Produce an Alien Eradication Plan, including dominant alien species, a clearing schedule and control methods  Clear Alien Invasive Species from the entire mining permit area, including those areas not mined  Manage the mining right area to prevent overgrazing and loss of top soil  Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be removed before mining commences  Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m  A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

 Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably qualified individual, either ECO or specialist  Implement erosion control measures for all stockpiles and mine operational areas  Avoid silty, polluted stormwater from flowing into natural watercourses, by using water retention ponds  Rehabilitate all currently eroded drainage lines  Ensure the mining permit area is monitored for AIPs until mine closure is granted  Mine closure is dependent on the mining permit area being clear of AIPs

6. Loss of floral Species Same mitigation measures as mentioned in previous impact (Impact 5. of Conservation Disturbance to and loss of vegetation cover and habitat.) Concern and their Low Very Low associated habitat

7. Loss of and  Prohibit all hunting and collecting of animals disturbance to fauna  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as and their associated No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them habitat Low  Manage waste on site using sealable bins and dispose of waste at an offsite Low waste disposal facility  Avoid electrical fencing  Enforce speed limits on all mining roads

8. Direct loss of fauna Very Low  Prohibit all hunting and collecting of animals Very Low

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

 Design an Environmental Awareness Programme that highlights the local environmental sensitivities and risks  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them  Manage waste on site using sealable bins and dispose of waste at an offsite waste disposal facility  Avoid electrical fencing  Enforce speed limits on all mining roads

9. Increased  Design an Environmental Awareness Programme that highlights the local Environmental Risks environmental sensitivities and risks  Prohibit all hunting and collecting of plants and animals  Prohibit littering Low  Manage waste on site using sealable bins and dispose of waste at an offsite Very Low waste disposal facility  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them  Prohibit the lighting of fires for any reason

10. Disturbance of the  Produce an Alien Eradication Plan, including dominant alien species, a clearing surface resulting in schedule and control methods increased risk of AIPs Medium  Monitor all areas for alien invasive plants Low  Design an Environmental Awareness Programme that highlights the local environmental sensitivities and risks

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

11. Increase in dust  Clearing will be limited to the mining footprint emissions  Water (as minimum as possible) should be used on all unpaved roads, stockpiles and material handling areas  Speed limits should be enforced  Implementation of a dust monitoring programme to monitor dust impacts  Maintain a complaints register that designates a party and a date to solve the Low matter Very Low

Air Quality Air  The data provider must register on the National Atmospheric Emission Inventory System (NAEIS) within 30 days after commencing of the activity.

 Compliance with the dustfall standard as per the National Dust Control Regulations  Should the dust fall standard be exceeded, a dust management plan must be developed and submitted

12. Increase in gaseous  Proper maintenance of all equipment and vehicles according to OEM emissions Very Low specifications Very Low

13. Increase in noise  Maintain a complaints register that designates a party and a date to solve the matter

Noise  Implementation of a noise monitoring program to monitor environmental noise Very Low Very Low impacts

 Proper maintenance of all equipment and vehicles according to OEM specifications

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

14. Change in the visual  Clearing will be limited to the mining footprint character of the area  Speed limits should be enforced  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as

Visual No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them Medium Low  Practice good housekeeping

 Utilize existing roads and if necessary locate new roads in disturbed areas  Non-water based dust prevention methods should be used on all unpaved roads, stockpiles and material handling areas

15. Loss of  If concentrations of pre-colonial archaeological heritage material and/or human Paleontological and remains (including graves and burials) are uncovered during construction, all Heritage Resources work must cease immediately and be reported to the Albany Museum (046 622 2312) and/or the Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Agency (ECPHRA) (043 745 0888) so that systematic and professional investigation/excavation can be undertaken. Phase 2 mitigation in the form of

Heritage test-pitting/sampling or systematic excavations and collections of the Very Low Very Low associated artefacts will then be conducted to establish the contextual status of the sites and possibly remove the archaeological deposit before development activities continue.  Construction managers/foremen and/or the Environmental Control Officer (ECO) should be informed before construction starts on the possible types of heritage sites and cultural material they may encounter and the procedures to follow when they find sites.

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

16. Increase in Traffic  Appropriate signage must be erected warning other users of the mining activities  Maintain and repair roads damaged by the mine vehicles

Traffic  Ensure that all drivers and their mine vehicles are compliant with the rules of Very Low Very Low the road

 Ensure that vehicle axle loads do not exceed the technical design capacity of the roads  Ensure speed limits are adhered to at all times

17. Supply of materials to None the construction Medium Medium industry (POSITIVE) (POSITIVE)

Socio

economic 18. Job creation and  Employ local people based on the availability of skills Medium Medium preservation  Promote skills development of the workforce (POSITIVE) POSITIVE)

19. Loss of grazing land  Rehabilitation practices to return area to natural state for the local Medium Low community

20. Climate Change  Proper maintenance of all equipment and vehicles according to OEM

Climate Climate

change Impacts Very Low specifications Very Low

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Category Significance with Impact Significance Mitigation Measures mitigation

Cumulative 21. Cumulative Impacts  Assist in the monitoring and management, including alien invasive plant

Medium clearing Medium

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xvii) Motivation why no alternative sites were considered. Alternative sites were considered. Next to the proposed mining permit area is a currently operating mine, named Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd. Nalihle Resources was granted a mining permit (ref no. EC30/5/1/3/2/10194MP) for the mining of Aggregate and Gabbro / Norite in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, on the 23rd of February 2015. They have recently gone through renewal of their mining permit and still have one year of mining left before the mining permit expires. Nalihle Resources (Pty) Ltd also trades as Mount Coke Quarry and their premises and operation area will be used in conjunction with this new proposed mining application.

xviii) Statement motivating the alternative development location within the overall site. (Provide a statement motivating the final site layout that is proposed) The final layout proposed has the least environmental impact by excluding surrounding sensitive vegetation, and heritage resources, while maintaining economic viability and optimising the mining operations.

10) Full description of the process undertaken to identify, assess and rank

the impacts and risks the activity will impose on the preferred site (In

respect of the final site layout plan) through the life of the activity.

(Including (i) a description of all environmental issues and risks that were identified during the environmental impact assessment process and (ii) an assessment of the significance of each issue and risk and an indication of the extent to which the issue and risk could be avoided or addressed by the adoption of mitigation measures.)

xix) Assessment of each identified potentially significant impact and risk (This section of the report must consider all the known typical impacts of each of the activities (including those that could or should have been identified by knowledgeable persons) and not only those that were raised by registered interested and affected parties).

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All possible impacts were identified using the current knowledge and experience of the EAP, as well as a number of reference documents relating to the impact of mines. Impacts identified by all the available specialists were integrated into the assessment as well.

The impacts were assessed and ranked according to the methodology presented in Section A)3)h)vi). The impact table can be seen in Section A)3)h)v).

xx) Summary of specialist reports (This summary must be completed if any specialist reports informed the impact assessment and final site layout process and must be in the following tabular form):-

Table 7 Summary of specialist report recommendations

SPECIALIST REFERENCE TO RECOMMENDATIONS APPLICABLE THAT HAVE BEEN SECTION OF INCLUDED IN THE LIST OF STUDIES RECOMMENDATIONS OF REPORT WHERE EIA REPORT UNDERTAKEN SPECIALIST REPORTS SPECIALIST (Mark with an X RECOMMENDATIONS where applicable) HAVE BEEN INCLUDED. Archaeological 1. If concentrations of pre- X EMPr Impact colonial archaeological Assessment heritage material and/or human remains (including graves and burials) are uncovered during construction, all work must cease immediately and be reported to the Albany Museum (046 622 2312) and/or the Eastern Cape Provincial Heritage Resources Agency (ECPHRA) (043 745

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SPECIALIST REFERENCE TO RECOMMENDATIONS APPLICABLE THAT HAVE BEEN SECTION OF INCLUDED IN THE LIST OF STUDIES RECOMMENDATIONS OF REPORT WHERE EIA REPORT UNDERTAKEN SPECIALIST REPORTS SPECIALIST (Mark with an X RECOMMENDATIONS where applicable) HAVE BEEN INCLUDED. 0888) so that systematic and professional investigation/excavation can be undertaken. Phase 2 mitigation in the form of test- pitting/sampling or systematic excavations and collections of the associated artefacts will then be conducted to establish the contextual status of the sites and possibly remove the archaeological deposit before development activities continue.

2. Construction X EMPr managers/foremen and/or the Environmental Control Officer (ECO) should be informed before construction starts on the possible types of heritage sites and cultural material they may encounter and the procedures to follow when they find sites.

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Aquatic Impact 1. Vegetation clearing X EMPr Assessment should occur in in a phased manner in accordance with the mining programme to minimise erosion and/or run-off. Large tracts of bare soil will either cause dust pollution or quickly erode and then cause sedimentation in the lower portions of the catchment.

2. All construction materials X EMPr including fuels and oil should be stored in demarcated areas that are contained within berms / bunds to avoid spread of any contamination. Washing and cleaning of equipment should also be done in berms or bunds, to trap any cement and prevent excessive soil erosion. Mechanical plant and bowsers must not be refuelled or serviced

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3. It is also advised that an X EMPr Environmental Control Officer, with a good understanding of the local flora be appointed during the mining phase. The ECO should be able to make clear recommendations with regards to the revegetation of the newly completed / disturbed areas, using selected species detailed in this report. This should also then be monitored during the closure phase.

4. All alien plant re-growth X EMPr must be monitored, and should these alien plants reoccur these plants should be re-eradicated. The scale of the operation does however not warrant the use of a Landscape Architect and / or Landscape Contractor.

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5. It is further X EMPr recommended that a comprehensive rehabilitation plan be implemented to ensure a net benefit to the aquatic environment.

Botanical X EMPr 1. Design an Environmental Impact Awareness Programme Assessment that highlights the local environmental sensitivities and risks

X EMPr 2. Minimise vegetation clearance for mining and the footprint for the disturbed area as far as possible

X EMPr 3. Conduct a Search and Rescue for all SCCs and TOPs within the site before the commencement of mining

X EMPr 4. Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining

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X EMPr 5. Appoint a suitably qualified ECO to ensure compliance with EMPr

X EMPr 6. Design a rehabilitation plan that restores the ecological functionality of the site, and biodiversity value

X EMPr 7. Where required, rehabilitate and revegetate areas as soon as possible using indigenous plant species

X EMPr 8. Exclude all areas regarded as having high sensitivity

X EMPr 9. Relevant permits must be applied for to remove all protected species

X EMPr 10. Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be

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X EMPr 11. Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m

X EMPr 12. A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation

X EMPr 13. Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably qualified individual, either ECO or specialist

X EMPr 14. Indigenous grass seed mix must be used for rehabilitation

X EMPr 15. Produce an Alien Eradication Plan, including dominant alien species, a clearing schedule and control methods

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X EMPr 16. Clear Alien Invasive Species from the entire mining permit area, including those areas not mined

X EMPr 17. Manage the mining right area to prevent overgrazing and loss of top soil

X EMPr 18. Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be removed before mining commences

X EMPr 19. Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m

X EMPr 20. A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation

X EMPr 21. Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably

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X EMPr 22. Implement erosion control measures for all stockpiles and mine operational areas

X EMPr 23. Avoid silty, polluted stormwater from flowing into natural watercourses, by using water retention ponds

X EMPr 24. Rehabilitate all currently eroded drainage lines

X EMPr 25. Ensure the mining permit area is monitored for AIPs until mine closure is granted

X EMPr 26. Mine closure is dependent on the mining permit area being clear of AIPs

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11) Environmental impact statement xxi) Summary of the key findings of the environmental impact assessment; The table below (Table 8) shows a summary of all the different categories of potential environmental impacts which the proposed mining operations might cause, together with each one’s significance rating on the environment as well as their significance on the environment after the suggested mitigation measures get be implemented.

After mitigation, the majority of the negative environmental impacts identified were rated as VERY LOW, with a number of exceptions. The negative impacts on Geohydrology and Hydrology, Biodiversity and Visual impact were still rated as LOW after mitigation.

A negative impact during the operation phase of the mine is the impact on Landscape. After Mitigation measures this impact is still rated as MEDIUM.

Positive environmental impacts were the provision of employment for the local area, as well as the supply of Sand, Stone Aggregate and Gravel to the surrounding infrastructure developments, and be utilized as a drinking pit for agricultural purposes in the future as part of rehabilitation.

Table 8 Table summarizing the key findings of the environmental impacts

Category Significance Significance after Mitigation

Landscape Medium Medium

Geohydrology and Hydrology Low Low

Biodiversity Medium Low

Air Quality Low Very Low

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Category Significance Significance after Mitigation

Noise Very Low Very Low

Visual Medium Low

Heritage Very Low Very Low

Traffic Very Low Very Low

Medium Medium Socio-economic (Positive) (Positive)

Climate change Very Low Very Low

Cumulative Medium Medium

xxii) Final Site Map Provide a map at an appropriate scale which superimposes the proposed overall activity and its associated structures and infrastructure on the environmental sensitivities of the preferred site indicating any areas that should be avoided, including buffers. See Appendix B

xxiii) Summary of the positive and negative impacts and risks of the proposed activity and identified alternatives; The major positive impacts stemming from the proposed mine will be:

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 Supply of materials to the local construction industry  Job creation and Skills development

The major negative impacts are:

 Cumulative loss of agricultural ground and vegetation  Erosion through mining activities  Close to surrounding villages that are in site of the mine that could be impacted by the limited dust and noise production  Loss of grazing area for local farmers

xxiv) Proposed impact management objectives and the impact management outcomes for inclusion in the EMPr; Based on the assessment and where applicable the recommendations from specialist reports, the recording of proposed impact management objectives, and the impact management outcomes for the development for inclusion in the EMPr as well as for inclusion as conditions of authorisation. The aim of the Environmental Management Programme is to manage the positive and negative impacts of the mining activity on the local environment, and on the surrounding community, during the Construction, Operations and Decommissioning phases. This Environmental Management Programme (EMPr) is prepared as part of the requirements of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) EIA Regulations of 2014, as amended. The objectives of the EMPr will be to provide detailed information that will advise the operation of Mount Coke Quarry mining activities, and clear mitigatory actions in order to avoid, manage or mitigate the impacts that may be detrimental to the environment.

All Impact Management Objectives and Impact Management Outcomes are listed in Table 10

Table 9 Impact Management Objectives and Outcomes for Mount Coke Quarry

Management Objective Management Outcome 1. Environmental Awareness Training Environmental Awareness Training of Environmental impact as a result of staff minimises environmental impacts mining activities is minimised through the on the mining permit area development of effective environmental awareness training material and

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Management Objective Management Outcome execution of environmental awareness training all staff 2 Site demarcation Ensure roads and mining permit area is Clearly demarcated mining permit site adequately demarcated to prevent and access roads minimise impact on environmental impact on surrounding surrounding ecosystem ecosystem 3 Access road construction Minimise environmental impact of roads Minimal impact on environment due to by proper management and roads and their associated traffic maintenance of vehicles and roads 4 Access control Ensure safe access control to the mining Proper access control to ensure the permit area to minimise impact on safety of the surrounding environment surrounding environment 5 Water supply management Promote responsible water usage Water use during operation is compliant during operation of the mine with the requirements of the National Water Act ( No 36 of 1998) 6 Waste water discharge Avoid, manage or mitigate potential Waste water management is undertaken impacts on the environmental due to in accordance with relevant national and waste water discharge provincial legislation and local by-laws. 7 Solid waste management To avoid, manage and mitigate potential Solid waste management is impacts to the environment caused by undertaken in accordance with the incorrect storage, handling and relevant national and provincial disposal of general and hazardous solid legislation and local by-laws. waste. 8 Vegetation clearing and control Avoid, manage and mitigate the loss of Impact on vegetation is minimised natural vegetation due to the operation through adherence to the EMPr of the mine vegetation clearance and control measures 9 Protection of fauna Avoid, manage or mitigate the impact on Impact on fauna is mitigated by fauna of the operation of the mine adherence to the EMPr faunal protection measures 10 Protection of heritage resources

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Management Objective Management Outcome Prevent damage and destruction to Minimal impact on heritage resources fossils, artefacts and materials of by adherence to NHRA, and specialist heritage significance recommendations in the EMPr 11 Emergency procedures Emergency procedures are in place to All emergency situations are enable a rapid and effective response to managed in accordance with the all types of environmental emergencies emergency procedures. 12 Maintenance of vehicles The control operation, maintenance and Soil, surface water and groundwater storage of equipment prevents soil, contamination by vehicles is surface water and groundwater prevented as due to adherence of contamination EMPr requirements 13 Pit excavation Reduce potential erosion and Minimal erosion and sedimentation sedimentation as a result of the due to the operation of the sand pit in excavation of the sand pit accordance with the requirements of the EMPr 14 Screening plant The operation and maintenance of the Screening plant has minimal impact screening plant prevents soil, surface on the environment water and groundwater contamination 15 Dust emissions and air quality Reduce dust and gaseous emissions Minimal dust and gaseous emissions during operation of mine environmental impact on the surrounding area 16 Noise control Avoid, manage and mitigate the impact Minimal impact of noise on the of noise on the environment environment 17 Visual impact Minimise the visual impact of the Reduce the visual impact of the mine operation of the mine operation on the environment 18 Stockpiling and stockpiling areas Reduce potential erosion and Stockpiling management is sedimentation as a result of stockpiling undertaken in accordance with the of materials requirements of the EMPr 19 Rehabilitation and mine closure Mining permit area returned to an Mining permit area is ecologically ecologically functional state functional after rehabilitation

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xxv) Aspects for inclusion as conditions of Authorisation. Any aspects which must be made conditions of the Environmental Authorisation All specialist recommendations, as well as all mitigatory measures described in the BAR, should be included as conditions of the EA.

xxvi) Description of any assumptions, uncertainties and gaps in knowledge. (Which relate to the assessment and mitigation measures proposed) A number of assumptions are made in this assessment:

 All specialist studies included only a single visit to the proposed mining permit site, and therefore may have missed plant species or heritage artefacts.  The success of vegetation rehabilitation, while guided by previous knowledge and experience, and including best practices, cannot be guaranteed to be successful. However, monitoring and adaptive management should greatly improve the chances of success.  The economic benefits of the mine, including job creation, are based on assumptions of previous mines by the applicant. Demand for construction material by the construction industry is assumed, but is regarded as a safe assumption.

xxvii) Reasoned opinion as to whether the proposed activity should or should not be authorised

(1) Reasons why the activity should be authorized or not.

The application for a mining permit should be authorised as no fatal flaw was identified in the Basic Assessment, and all negative impacts should be adequately mitigated, if the operation strictly adheres to the EMPr. The positive economic benefits, including the advantage of preparing the site for future development, outweigh any negative impacts of this activity.

(2) Conditions that must be included in the authorisation

All conditions to be included in the authorization have been stated in Section A)1)x)i)e)

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(3) Period for which the Environmental Authorisation is required.

Environmental Authorisation is required for the length of a mining permit, as determined by Section 27 of the MPRDA, namely valid for 2 years, with the possibility of renewal 3 times, giving a total of 5 years. xxviii) Undertaking Confirm that the undertaking required to meet the requirements of this section is provided at the end of the EMPr and is applicable to both the Basic assessment report and the Environmental Management Programme report. The undertaking can be found at the end of the EMPr.

xxix) Financial Provision State the amount that is required to both manage and rehabilitate the environment in respect of rehabilitation.

(1) Explain how the aforesaid amount was derived.

In case of unforeseen circumstances and premature mine closure, the financial provision is R 275 208,42. These amounts were calculated according to the updated guideline for the Calculation of the Quantum for rehabilitation as provided by DMR. The mining operation will entail the mining and concurrent rehabilitation on 5 hectares.

(2) Confirm that this amount can be provided for from operating expenditure.

(Confirm that the amount, is anticipated to be an operating cost and is provided for as such in the Mining work programme, Financial and Technical Competence Report or Prospecting Work Programme as the case may be).

See the undertaking at the end of the document.

(3) Specific Information required by the competent Authority

None.

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xxx) Compliance with the provisions of sections 24(4)(a) and (b) read with section 24 (3) (a) and (7) of the National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998). the EIA report must include the:-

(1) Impact on the socio-economic conditions of any directly affected person. (Provide the results of Investigation, assessment, and evaluation of the impact of the mining, bulk sampling or alluvial diamond prospecting on any directly affected person including the landowner, lawful occupier, or, where applicable, potential beneficiaries of any land restitution claim, attach the investigation report as an Appendix.) No socio-economic impact assessment was deemed necessary due to the limited time period and small scale of the operation. The positive impacts of job creation, and negative impacts of traffic were already identified in this report.

(2) Impact on any national estate referred to in section 3(2) of the

National Heritage Resources Act.

(Provide the results of Investigation, assessment, and evaluation of the impact of the mining, bulk sampling or alluvial diamond prospecting on any national estate referred to in section 3(2) of the National Heritage Resources Act, 1999 (Act No. 25 of 1999) with the exception of the national estate contemplated in section 3(2)(i)(vi) and (vii) of that Act, attach the investigation report as an Appendix and confirm that the applicable mitigation is reflected in 2.5.3; 2.11.6.and 2.12.herein). All recommendations form Archaeological Impact Assessments done on the mining permit area as part of previous EA applications are included in the EMPr.

(3) Other matters required in terms of sections 24(4)(a) and (b) of the Act.

(the EAP managing the application must provide the competent authority with detailed, written proof of an investigation as required by section 24(4)(b)(i) of the Act and motivation if no reasonable or feasible alternatives, as contemplated in sub-regulation 22(2)(h), exist. The EAP must attach such motivation as an Appendix). No additional matters.

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PART B

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME REPORT

Compliance with Section 33 of the EIA Regulations 2014 and Section 24N of the National Environmental Management Act (Act No. 107 of 1998):

1. Draft environmental management programme.

a) Details of the EAP,

(Confirm that the requirement for the provision of the details and expertise of the EAP are already included in PART A, section 1(a) herein as required). All relevant details of the EAP are included in Part A section 3 (a).

b) Description of the Aspects of the Activity

(Confirm that the requirement to describe the aspects of the activity that are covered by the draft environmental management programme is already included in PART A, section (1)(h) herein as required). A full description of activities is described in Part A section 3(h)

a. Composite Map

(Provide a map (Attached as an Appendix) at an appropriate scale which superimposes the proposed activity, its associated structures, and infrastructure on the environmental sensitivities of the preferred site, indicating any areas that any areas that should be avoided, including buffers) See Appendix 2: Site Layout Plan

b. Description of Impact management objectives including management

statements

1. Determination of closure objectives.

(ensure that the closure objectives are informed by the type of environment described) Mount Coke quarry pit would serve as a watering hole for livestock to drink from once mined out and rehabilitated. It is foreseen that stormwater will accumulate at the bottom of the pit as the dolerite rock is impervious.

As a result of this, the closure objectives of the mining permit are:

 All infrastructure introduced by the mining operation is correctly removed and rehabilitated according to the rehabilitation plan, unless deemed desirable by the landowner, the Municipality.

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 Big dolerite boulders would be evenly spaced along the crest of the highwall to serve as a natural barrier to safeguard animals and people from falling down below over the highwall.  The access road leading down into the pit would remain to gain access to the water accumulations at the bottom of the pit. All accesses to the benches would be barricaded off using big dolerite boulders.  Restoration of a thin soil layer that resembles that of the neighbouring flora on the benches.  Rehabilitation is complete once vegetation cover of 70% is achieved to prevent future erosion  Monitoring of alien vegetation infestation must be done for a period of 3 years after mine closure; i.e. once the closure permit has been issued.

2. Volumes and rate of water use required for the operation.

Water required for wetting of access roads for dust suppression, if necessary, is to be sourced and carted from the nearest available water source. The development will be utilising water that accumulates in the quarry mainly from rain, where approximately 10 000 litres per day will be abstracted. Potable water will be purchased by the mine manager at a local supermarket and given to workers as drinking water. In the event that we need to source water elsewhere, we can use the dam in the Ezithoyeni community situated approximately three (3) kilometres from the quarry.

3. Has a water use licence been applied for? Water Use Licenses will be required only when new access roads or works occur within the delineated water courses and buffers expressed in the Aquatic Impact Report. However, based on an assessment of the proposed activities and past engagement with DWS, the following Water Use Authorisations may be required based on the following thresholds as listed in the following Government Notices, however ultimately the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) must determine if a General Authorisation (GA) or full Water Use Licence Application (WULA) will be required during the pre-application process as it relates to the following:

• DWS Notice 538 of 2016, 2 September in GG 40243– Section 21 a & b water uses relating to the Abstraction and Storage of water.

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• Government Notice 509 in GG 40229 of 26 August 2016 – Section 21 c & I water uses relating to the Impeding or diverting the flow of water in a watercourse and or altering the bed, banks, course or characteristics of a watercourse.

• Government Notice 665, 6 September 2013 in GG 36820 Section 21g relating to disposing of waste in a manner that may detrimentally impact on a water source which includes temporary storage of domestic waste water i.e. conservancy tanks under Section 37 of the notice.

The table below (Table 10) is a summary of the Water Use Activities that is foreseen for the proposed mining operations and why they are applicable this development proposal.

Table 10 Summary of Water Use Activities at proposed mining operation

Water Use Activity Applicable to this development proposal S21(a) Taking water from a water resource Yes – if any abstraction from a water resource such as a dam, river or wetland occurs an application must be submitted. This includes in water found within the old quarry pits, only if the water quality of the water would be considered potable. The General Authorisation limits for the R20D catchment are as follows: A maximum of 2000m3 / year may be abstracted from a surface water resource. Groundwater may be abstracted at a maximum rate of 75m3 / Ha / annum, where hectares is determined by the size of the farm. S21(b) Storing water Storing more than 2000m3 / year will trigger the need for a Water Use License in this catchment S21(c) Impeding or diverting the flow of water in a If any structures are located within any watercourses or 500m watercourse from a wetland boundary then a GA process can potentially be followed if the DWS Risk Assessment Matrix indicates that all impacts with mitigation are LOW. S21(i) Altering the bed, banks, course or characteristics of a If any structures are located within any watercourses or 500m watercourse from a wetland boundary then a GA process can potentially be followed if the DWS Risk Assessment Matrix indicates that all impacts with mitigation are LOW. S21(j) Removing, discharging or disposing of water found Possible. underground for the continuation of an activity or for the safety of persons DWS will determine if a GA or WULA application will be required during the pre-application phase and typically if one of the above water uses requires a WULA then all applications will be treated as a WULA and not GA.

4. Impacts to be mitigated in their respective phases Measures to rehabilitate the environment affected by the undertaking of any listed activity

The potential impact, aspects effected and relevant phases of each activity are in Table 5 of Section A)3)h)v). The Impact Management Objectives, Impact Management Outcomes and Impact Management Actions (otherwise known as mitigation measures) are listed in Table 11, including the implementation and monitoring requirements.

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Table 11 Environmental Management Impacts due to Mount Coke Quarry.

ACTIVITIES PHASE SIZE AND SCALE of MITIGATION MEASURES COMPLIANCE WITH TIME PERIOD FOR (as listed in 2.11.1) of operation in which activity disturbance (describe how each of the STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION will take place. (volumes, tonnages and recommendations in (A description of how each Describe the time period State; hectares or m²) herein will remedy the of the recommendations when the measures in the Planning and design, cause of pollution or herein will comply with any environmental Pre-Construction’ degradation and migration prescribed environmental management programme Construction, of pollutants) management standards or must be implemented Operational, practices that have been Measures must be Rehabilitation, identified by Competent implemented when Closure, Post closure. Authorities) required. With regard to Rehabilitation specifically this must take place at the earliest opportunity. With regard to Rehabilitation, therefore state either:-.. Upon cessation of the individual activity or. Upon the cessation of mining, bulk sampling or alluvial diamond prospecting as the case may be.

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Topsoil and overburden removed and Manage soils in stockpiled correctly line with the  Erosion and sediment control requirements of structures should be implemented, the National such as runoff interceptor trenches or Norms and swales, filter or silt berms/fences, Standards for the sediment barriers or basins, rock- Remediation of lined ditches/swales, slope shaping Contaminated Construction and Soil erosion and retaining fences, surface water Rehabilitation Plan Land and Soil Soils Operation runoff management, stormwater Quality (GN drainage structures. 37603 No 331). Site clearance  All stockpiles must be protected from and removal of erosion, stored on flat areas where vegetation run-off will be minimised, and be surrounded by bunds.  Stockpiles must be located away from river channels.

 Clearly demarcate mining permit area to limit impact on surrounding Construction Environmental vegetation Awareness Loss of floral and Biodiversity Programme and faunal habitat  Design an Environmental Awareness Continuous during Rehabilitation Plan Programme that highlights the local Operation environmental sensitivities and risks

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Minimise vegetation clearance for mining and the footprint for the disturbed area as far as possible  Conduct a Search and Rescue for all SCCs and TOPs within the site before the commencement of mining  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them  Appoint a suitably qualified ECO to ensure compliance with EMPr  Design a rehabilitation plan that restores the ecological functionality of the site, and biodiversity value  Where required, rehabilitate and revegetate areas as soon as possible using indigenous plant species  Exclude all areas regarded as having high sensitivity  Relevant permits must be applied for to remove all protected species  Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be removed before mining commences

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m  A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation  Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably qualified individual, either ECO or specialist  Indigenous grass seed mix must be used for rehabilitation  Produce an Alien Eradication Plan, including dominant alien species, a clearing schedule and control methods  Clear Alien Invasive Species from the entire mining permit area, including those areas not mined  Manage the mining right area to prevent overgrazing and loss of top soil  Topsoil to a maximum depth of 30 cm must be removed before mining commences  Topsoil must be stockpiled to a maximum height of 1.5 m

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  A nursery must be created and managed to store rescued plants, and to grow and produce indigenous species for rehabilitation  Revegetation must be monitored by a suitably qualified individual, either ECO or specialist  Implement erosion control measures for all stockpiles and mine operational areas  Avoid silty, polluted stormwater from flowing into natural watercourses, by using water retention ponds  Rehabilitate all currently eroded drainage lines  Ensure the mining permit area is monitored for AIPs until mine closure is granted  Mine closure is dependent on the mining permit area being clear of AIPs

 Prohibit all hunting and collecting of animals Environmental Continuous during Loss of fauna Biodiversity  Design an Environmental Awareness Awareness Operation Programme that highlights the local Programme environmental sensitivities and risks

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Clearly designate, using signboards, areas outside of the mining footprint as No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them  Manage waste on site using sealable bins and dispose of waste at an offsite waste disposal facility  Avoid electrical fencing

Enforce speed limits on all mining roads

Continuous during Rehabilitation and Increased in AIPs Biodiversity  Clearance of AIPs Operation and Closure Plan Post-Closure  Clearing will be limited to the mining The dustfall footprint NEMAQA: National standard and  Water (as minimum as possible) Dust Control requirements of a should be used on all unpaved Regulations of 2013 dust fallout roads, stockpiles and material (GN R.827) monitoring handling areas NEMAQA: National programme of the Dust Generation Air Quality Operation  Speed limits should be enforced Atmospheric Regulations must  Implementation of a dust monitoring Emission Reporting be maintained programme to monitor dust impacts Regulations of 2015  Maintain a complaints register that (GN R283) designates a party and a date to Rehabilitation Plan solve the matter

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  The data provider must register on the National Atmospheric Emission Inventory System (NAEIS) within 30 days after commencing of the activity.  Compliance with the dustfall standard as per the National Dust Control Regulations  Should the dust fall standard be exceeded, a dust management plan must be developed and submitted  Where topsoil is present, clear all topsoil to a minimum of 30 cm and stockpile it in a clearly demarcated area  Label stockpiles with dates  Use oldest stockpiles first Loss of agricultural  Locate stockpiles as close to the potential of land and Agriculture Operation Rehabilitation Plan rehabilitation site as possible, and soil fertility minimise disturbance to protect the seed bank  If necessary due to high winds, sow the stockpiles with Cynodon dactylon to prevent erosion, or any other effective erosion control method

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Where required, rehabilitate and revegetate areas as soon as possible using indigenous plant species, according to the mining schedule  The closure objective will be to rehabilitate the area to ensure the change in topography is dealt with properly and that the excavated pit is Loss of mineral not left as is MPRDA Geology Operation resource  Optimise mineral extraction through Mine Plan effective mine planning, which results in the reduction of geological waste and the minimisation of the footprint Excavation of of the mining area mineral resource  Demarcate mining permit area

 Erosion and sediment control structures should be implemented, such as runoff interceptor trenches or Alteration of swales, filter or silt berms/fences, Topography Construction Mine Plan topography and erosion sediment barriers or basins, rock- lined ditches/swales, slope shaping and retaining fences, surface water runoff management, stormwater drainage structures

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Correct stormwater management principles  No oil or other chemicals stored on site  Toilets must be kept clean on a daily basis and serviced annually to reduce sewage waste water. A septic tank will be used and must be maintained.  All construction materials including fuels and oil should be stored in demarcated areas that are contained Surface water Hydrology within berms / bunds. Operation NWA, 36 of 1998 contamination  Washing and cleaning of equipment should be done in berms or bunds.  Mechanical plant and bowsers must not be refuelled or serviced within or directly adjacent to any channel.  A comprehensive rehabilitation plan must be implemented to ensure a net benefit to the aquatic environment.  Chemicals used for construction must be stored safely on site and surrounded by bunds. Chemical storage containers must be regularly

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS inspected so that any leaks are detected early.  No plant should be serviced or maintained within any watercourse or the proposed buffer (34m).  Littering and contamination of water sources during construction must be prevented by effective construction camp and on-site management.  Emergency plans must be in place in case of spillages onto road surfaces and water courses.  All stockpiles must be protected from erosion, stored on flat areas where run-off will be minimised, and be surrounded by bunds.  Stockpiles must be located away from river channels.  Clearing will be limited to the mining footprint Topography/  Speed limits should be enforced During Operation Rehabilitation Plan Visual impacts Biodiversity/  Clearly designate, using signboards, and Closure Sense of place areas outside of the mining footprint as No-Go areas and prohibit any activities within them

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Practice good housekeeping  Utilize existing roads and if necessary locate new roads in disturbed areas  Non-water based dust prevention methods should be used on all unpaved roads, stockpiles and material handling areas

 Maintain a complaints register that Compliance with designates a party and a date to SANS 10103 solve the matter Acceptable  Implementation of a noise monitoring Ambient Levels program to monitor environmental and SANS 10210 NEM:AQA, 39 of noise impacts Continuous during of 2004, the Noise pollution Biodiversity 2004 - Section 34: Operation national standard  Proper maintenance of all equipment Control of Noise and vehicles according to OEM for the calculating specifications and predicting of road traffic noise SANS 10328 of 2008

 Water spraying The dustfall NEMAQA: National  Cease work during windy conditions standard and Dust Control requirements of a  The data provider must register on Continuous during Dust Generation Air Quality Regulations of 2013 dust fallout the National Atmospheric Emission Operation (GN R.827) monitoring Inventory System (NAEIS) within 30 Rehabilitation Plan programme of the days after commencing of the activity.

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Compliance with the dustfall standard Regulations must as per the National Dust Control be maintained Regulations  Implement a dust fall monitoring programme  Should the dust fall standard be exceeded, a dust management plan must be developed and submitted

 If concentrations of pre-colonial archaeological heritage material and/or human remains (including graves and burials) are uncovered during construction, all work must cease immediately and be reported to the Albany Museum (046 622 Environmental 2312) and/or the Eastern Cape Loss of heritage Construction and Authorization and Heritage Provincial Heritage Resources building and artefact Operation Monitoring Agency (ECPHRA) (043 745 0888) Programme so that systematic and professional investigation/excavation can be undertaken. Phase 2 mitigation in the form of test-pitting/sampling or systematic excavations and collections of the associated artefacts will then be conducted to

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS establish the contextual status of the sites and possibly remove the archaeological deposit before development activities continue.  Construction managers/foremen and/or the Environmental Control Officer (ECO) should be informed before construction starts on the possible types of heritage sites and cultural material they may encounter and the procedures to follow when they find sites.

 Appropriate signage must be erected Provincial Road warning other users of the mining standards activities  Maintain and repair roads damaged by the mine vehicles  Ensure that all drivers and their mine Closure Plan Transport & Increased pressure on Continuous during Traffic vehicles are compliant with the rules Road Maintenance Hauling road network Operational of the road Plan  Ensure that vehicle axle loads do not exceed the technical design capacity of the roads  Ensure speed limits are adhered to at all times

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS Compliance with SANS 10103  No machinery that is noisier than what Acceptable is currently being used during mining Ambient Levels NEM:AQA, 39 of operations should be deployed. and SANS 10210 2004 - Section 34: Noise pollution  Silencers on vehicles to be maintained Continuous during of 2004, the Biodiversity Control of Noise and kept in good working condition. Operation national standard OEM Standards  Maintain a complaints register that for the calculating NMBM Noise by-law designates a party and a date to solve and predicting of the matter road traffic noise SANS 10328 of 2008 NEM:AQA, 39 of Air pollution/Gaseous Air Quality  Proper maintenance of all vehicles Continuous during 2004 emission Biodiversity according to OEM specifications Operation OEM standards

 Maintenance of vehicles Rehabilitation Plan  Good housekeeping Continuous during Loss of Biodiversity Biodiversity  Speed limits Operation OEM standards

 Maintenance of vehicles NEMAQA: National The dustfall  Good housekeeping Continuous during Dust Control standard and Dust Generation Air Quality  Implementation of Dust Monitoring Operation Regulations of 2013 requirements of a Programme to monitor dust fallout (GN R.827) dust fallout

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS  Speed limits Rehabilitation Plan monitoring

programme of the Regulations must be maintained OEM Standards  All construction materials including fuels and oil should be stored in demarcated areas that are contained within berms / bunds.  Washing and cleaning of equipment Hydrology & Surface Water should be done in berms or bunds. Daily basis during NWA, 36 of 1998 Geohydrology contamination  Mechanical plant and bowsers must Operation OEM Standards not be refuelled or serviced within or directly adjacent to any channel.  A comprehensive rehabilitation plan must be implemented to ensure a net benefit to the aquatic environment. Establishment and Continuous during Biodiversity  Regular clearance of AIPs Rehabilitation Plan spread of AIPs Decommissioning Demolition and Compliance with removal of SANS 10103 NEM:AQA, 39 of infrastructure/  Silencers on vehicles to be maintained Continuous during Acceptable Noise Generation Noise 2004 - Section 34: equipment and kept in good working condition. Decommissioning Ambient Levels Control of Noise and SANS 10210 of 2004, the

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MITIGATION MEASURES PHASE/TIME STANDARD TO BE COMPLIANCE ASPECTS ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT PERIOD ACHIEVED WITH AFFECTED STANDARDS national standard for the calculating and predicting of road traffic noise SANS 10328 of 2008 The dustfall NEMAQA: National standard and Dust Control requirements of a  Maintenance of vehicles Continuous during Regulations of 2013 dust fallout Dust Generation Air Quality  Good housekeeping Decommissioning (GN R.827) monitoring  Speed limits Rehabilitation Plan programme of the OEM Standards Regulations must be maintained  Regular clearing of AIPs  Maintain the area free from alien invasive vegetation. The mining Rehabilitation company should be responsible for the and Restoration Establishment and Regular intervals Biodiversity first 5 years after mining is completed, Rehabilitation Plan of disturbed spread of AIPs during Post Closure unless handover to the landowner is areas after 5 years – in which case the mining company should be responsible until handover.

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c. Impact Management Outcomes

(A description of impact management outcomes, identifying the standard of impact management required for the aspects contemplated in paragraph ();

ACTIVITY POTENTIAL IMPACT ASPECTS AFFECTED PHASE MITIGATION TYPE STANDARD TO BE ACHIEVED (modify, remedy, control, whether listed or not (e.g. dust, noise, drainage In which impact is or stop) listed. surface disturbance, fly anticipated (Impact avoided, noise through rock, surface water levels, dust levels, (E.g. Excavations, (e.g. Construction, contamination, (e.g. noise control rehabilitation standards, blasting, stockpiles, commissioning, measures, storm-water groundwater end use objectives) etc control, dust control, discard dumps or dams, operational contamination, air pollution rehabilitation, design Loading, hauling and measures, blasting etc….etc…) Decommissioning, controls, avoidance, transport, Water supply relocation, alternative closure, post-closure) dams and boreholes, activity etc. etc)

accommodation, offices, E.g. ablution, stores, Modify through workshops, processing alternative method. plant, storm water control, Control through noise berms, roads, pipelines, control power lines, conveyors, Control through etc…etc…etc.). management and monitoring

Remedy through rehabilitation…

Please see Table 11.

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d. Impact Management Actions

ACTIVITY POTENTIAL PHASE MITIGATION TIME PERIOD FOR COMPLIANCE WITH IMPLEMENTATION STANDARDS whether listed or not IMPACT In which impact is TYPE Describe the time period listed. (e.g. dust, noise, drainage anticipated (modify, remedy, control, when the measures in the (A description of how each of environmental the recommendations in 2.11.6 (E.g. Excavations, surface disturbance, fly (e.g. Construction, or stop) through (e.g. management programme read with 2.12 and 2.15.2 herein blasting, stockpiles, rock, surface water commissioning, noise control measures, must be implemented will comply with any prescribed Measures must be environmental management discard dumps or dams, contamination, operational storm-water control, dust implemented when standards or practices that have Loading, hauling and groundwater Decommissioning, control, rehabilitation, required. With regard to been identified by Competent Rehabilitation specifically Authorities) transport, Water supply closure, post-closure) design measures, contamination, air this must take place at dams and boreholes, pollution etc….etc…) blasting controls, the earliest opportunity. accommodation, offices, avoidance, relocation, With regard to Rehabilitation, therefore ablution, stores, alternative activity etc. state either:-. workshops, processing etc) Upon cessation of the individual activity plant, storm water E.g. or. control, berms, roads, Modify through Upon the cessation of pipelines, power lines, alternative method. mining, bulk sampling or conveyors, Control through noise alluvial diamond etc…etc…etc.). control prospecting as the case Control through may be. management and monitoring Remedy through rehabilitation..

Please see Table 11.

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1. Financial Provision (1) Determination of the amount of Financial Provision.

(a) Describe the closure objectives and the extent to which they have been aligned to the baseline environment described under the Regulation.

As a result of this, the closure objectives of the mining permit are:

Monitoring of alien vegetation infestation must be done for a period of 3 years after mine closure; i.e. once the closure permit has been issued.

(b) Confirm specifically that the environmental objectives in relation to closure have been consulted with landowner and interested and affected parties.

The environmental objectives have been discussed with the local community and a contract has been signed in agreement (See Appendix C5).

(c) Provide a rehabilitation plan that describes and shows the scale and aerial extent of the main mining activities including the anticipated mining area at the time of closure.

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REHABILITATION PRACTICES Rehabilitation should occur concurrently with mining to fully maximise the chances of success.

The following outlines the recommendations for the rehabilitation / restoration of the mined area. Vegetation restoration / rehabilitation must be audited by the landowner (Municipality) and ECO on a regular basis. Before mining commences a detailed site-plan indicating planned phases of rehabilitation / restoration must be prepared in consultation with the mine manager, the person responsible for the implementation of rehabilitation / restoration, and the ECO. Rehabilitation plans must take into consideration the mining schedule and site-plan. The site-plan should indicate, among other, haul roads, site infrastructure, top-soil stockpile areas, and no-go areas. Rehabilitation activities should be undertaken in a phased manner in accordance with the above schedule and site-plan.

Topsoil management

 Where present, topsoil removal and management must be undertaken in consultation with a suitably qualified botanist / horticulturist.  Before mining in a specific phase of the project commences, the top 0.5 m of topsoil (where present) must be removed.  Topsoil must be stored separately from overburden, spoil or tailings, in a specifically demarcated portion of the site.  Topsoil must be protected from erosion and degradation by covering with geotextile or plastic sheeting, or covered with vegetation (indigenous grass such as Cynodon dactylon).  Vegetated topsoil stockpiles must be kept free of weeds and invasive exotic vegetation.  Rehabilitation should be undertaken in a phased manner in accordance with a temporal and spatial plan informed by the mining schedule and layout plan.  Once a particular portion (phase) of the site has been mined, the area must be shaped to a similar topography as the surrounding undulating landscape.  Topsoil must be used to cover mined areas after excavation and landscaping prior to vegetation restoration / rehabilitation commencing.

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Vegetation management Active restoration / rehabilitation is recommended for the restoration of the vegetation at the site. This approach will involve three important facets: 1) Protection of intact natural vegetation outside mining footprints. 2) Establishment of grass cover in mined areas, with necessary irrigation. 3) Passive restoration of indigenous plant species 4) Control of alien invasive vegetation in intact vegetation at the site as well as in mined areas.

Intact vegetation

 No firewood, fruit, or flower collection may be permitted in the sensitive indigenous vegetation on site and surrounds.  Appropriate signage must be erected to inform personnel and visitors of no-go areas and conduct with respect to indigenous vegetation at the site.  All personnel must be informed of no-go areas and conduct with respect to these areas in the environmental induction for the site.

Vegetation establishment The area must be prepared for future development, and thus the establishment of natural vegetation is unnecessary. Adequate grass cover must be established to prevent erosion.

 Until vegetation cover has been established on the mined areas these portions of the site must be irrigated during windy days, to prevent loss of soil and seeds from the top surface soil layers.

Control of Alien Invasive Species

 The mined areas must be surveyed for emerging exotic plants every three months.  All plants listed as Category 1a, 1b and 2 in the NEMBA Alien Invasive Species Regulations must be controlled / eradicated.  Herbicides must be used conservatively and avoided all together where possible.  Emerging alien invasive plant seedling and samplings (<4cm basal stem diameter) must be removed by hand-pulling or the application of a registered herbicide.

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 Coppicing (re-sprouting) invasive plants (Eucalyptus & Acacia saligna) must be destroyed by stump injection and/or foliar application of a registered systemic herbicide.  Alien invasive plant control must be maintained for the duration of rehabilitation, where after the land-owner should be responsible for AIS control in line with the applicable statutory requirement and their Duty of Care in terms of NEMA.

Drainage Lines & Aquatic Features  A comprehensive rehabilitation plan will be implemented to ensure a net benefit to the aquatic environment.

 Rehabilitate all drainage lines where affected in the operation process.

 All construction materials including fuels and oil should be stored in demarcated areas that are contained within berms / bunds to avoid spread of any contamination. All materials must be removed in closure phase.

 An Environmental Control Officer, with a good understanding of the local environmental features must be apointed during the mining phase. The ECO should be able to make clear recommendations with regards to the re-vegetation of the newly completed / disturbed areas, using selected species detailed in this report. This should also then be monitored during the closure phase.

Rehabilitation Recommendations

The end land use will be to rehabilitate the landscape back to a functional state that can be utilised for agriculture, as agreed upon by the community. The closure objectives are :

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 The access road leading down into the pit would remain to gain access to the water accumulations at the bottom of the pit. All accesses to the benches would be barricaded off using big dolerite boulders.  Restoration of a thin soil layer that resembles that of the neighbouring flora on the benches.  Rehabilitation is complete once vegetation cover of 70% is achieved to prevent future erosion

Monitoring of alien vegetation infestation must be done for a period of 3 years after mine closure; i.e. once the closure permit has been issued.

(d) Explain why it can be confirmed that the rehabilitation plan is compatible with the closure objectives.

The rehabilitation plan aims to limit the environmental impact of the mining activity, and rehabilitate the site to a functional state that will allow the establishment of future developments.

(e) Calculate and state the quantum of the financial provision required to manage and rehabilitate the environment in accordance with the applicable guideline.

The quantum of the financial provision is R275 208,42. See Table 12 for the quantum.

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Table 12 Financial provision for rehabilitation at Mount Coke Quarry.

Financial provision for rehabilitation at Mount Coke Quarry as at September 2019

April 2004 Present Multiplication Weighting Units Quantity Item Task Master Unit Rate Master Unit Rate Factor Factors Amount

1 Dismantling of processing plant and related structures, including overland conveyors & power lines. m³ 0 R 6,82 R 11,21 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

2(A) Demolition of steel buildings and structures m² 0 R 95,00 R 156,09 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

2(B) Demolition of reinforced concrete buildings and structures m² 0 R 140,00 R 230,02 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

3 Rehabilitation of Access Roads m² 0 R 17,00 R 27,93 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

4(A) Demolition & rehabilitation of electrified railway lines m² 0 R 165,00 R 271,10 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

4(B) Demolition & rehabilitation of non-electrified railway lines m² 0 R 90,00 R 147,87 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

5 Demolition of housing facilities m² 0 R 190,00 R 312,17 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

6 Opencast Rehabilitation including final voids & ramps ha. 4,0 R 99 600,00 R 163 642,80 0,040 1,100 R 28 801,13

7 Sealing off of shafts, adits and inclines m³ 0 R 51,00 R 83,79 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

8(A) Rehabilitation of overburden & spoils ha. 0 R 66 400,00 R 109 095,20 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

8(B) Rehabilitation of processing waste deposits and evaporation ponds (basic, salt-producing waste) ha. 0,0 R 82 700,00 R 135 876,10 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

8(C) Rehabilitation of processing waste deposits and evaporation ponds (acidic, metal-rich waste) ha. 0,0 R 240 200,00 R 394 648,60 0,510 1,100 R 0,00

9 Rehabilitation of Subsided areas ha. 0,0 R 55 600,00 R 91 350,80 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

10 General surface rehabilitation, including grassing of all denuded areas ha. 1,0 R 52 600,00 R 86 421,80 1,000 1,100 R 95 063,98

11 River Diversions ha. 0,0 R 52 600,00 R 86 421,80 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

12 Fencing m 0 R 60,00 R 98,58 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

13 Water Management ha. 0,0 R 20 000,00 R 32 860,00 0,170 1,100 R 0,00

14 2 to 3 Years of maintenance & aftercare ha. 5,0 R 7 000,00 R 11 501,00 1,000 1,100 R 63 255,50

15(A) Specialist Studies for closure Sum 0 R 40 000,00 R 65 720,00 1,000 1,100 R 0,00

15(B,C) Specialist Studies for closure Sum 1 R 5 000,00 R 8 215,00 1,000 1,100 R 9 036,50

SUB-TOTAL 1 FOR MINE CLOSURE R 196 157,11 a Preliminary & General R 23 538,85 b Contingencies R 19 615,71 SUB-TOTAL 2 FOR MINE CLOSURE R 239 311,67 c 15 % Value Added Tax R 35 896,75 TOTAL FINANCIAL PROVISION FOR REHABILITATION R 275 208,42

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(f) Confirm that the financial provision will be provided as determined. The applicant, Adrian Robinson, confirms that the financial provision will be provided as determined.

Mechanisms for monitoring compliance with and performance assessment against the environmental management programme and reporting thereon, including g) Monitoring of Impact Management Actions h) Monitoring and reporting frequency i) Responsible persons j) Time period for implementing impact management actions k) Mechanism for monitoring compliance i. Noise monitoring

The Appointed Occupational Hygienist measures the noise levels with a calibrated noise level meter. Such readings are then compared to charts indicating acceptable levels of noise.

ii. Air quality monitoring (Dust fall-out)

The dust buckets measure fall-out dust by placed on a pedestal 2m above the ground. The locations of the dust buckets are discretely selected to measure impacts most probably caused by the dust created by the mining activities not closer than 150m from and not further than 4 km from the mine workings. The dust buckets are located to measure impacts of all 4 wind directions. Although in the past dust buckets got stolen each time they were put up. If this is the case at Mount Coke Quarry, other forms of monitoring must be discussed and implemented.

iii. Surface water quality monitoring

Groundwater monitoring plan will be implemented. The parameters to be monitored will be selected, based on the elements within the operation, and / or DWAF requirements. Samples for chemical analysis will be taken in clean bottles, and for biological analysis will be taken in sterile bottles, and sent to an accredited laboratory for analysis. The results thereof would be reported to the Mine Manager for management action.

iv. Vegetation Monitoring

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The appointed ECO must do regular inspections during the land clearing phase, as well as on a prescribed basis, to ensure no areas outside the proposed mining operational areas are impacted by mining.

v. Erosion Monitoring

Topsoil and overburden removed and stockpiled correctly. All stockpiles should be protected from wind and water erosion. Vegetation clearing should occur in a phased manner in accordance with the mining programme to minimise erosion and/or run-off. All cleared areas must be re-vegetated after mining has been completed. Erosion and sediment control structures should be implemented during operation phase, as well as surface water runoff and stormwater drainage structures to reduce possible erosion.

vi. EA & EMP Performance Assessment/ Environmental Audit

The EA & EMPr would be assessed on an annual basis for compliance from the date of issuing of the mining permit. The EA & EMPr will be measured against the latest changes in any new legislation that could affect the EA & EMPr. The Mitigating measures would be evaluated to establish if they still address the impacts and compared with latest technology of world best practices. Finally will the actual mine workings and mining practices be evaluated to determine if it does comply with the EA & EMPr. Any shortcomings or non-compliances would be highlighted as an action plan to be rectified.

Table 13 Monitoring Programme for Mount Coke Quarry.

MONITORING AND ROLES AND REPORTING IMPACTS FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES FREQUENCY and SOURCE REQUIRING REQUIREMENTS ( FOR THE EXECUTION TIME PERIODS ACTIVITY MONITORING FOR OF THE MONITORING FOR PROGRAMMES MONITORING IMPLEMENTING PROGRAMMES ) IMPACT MANAGEMENT ACTIONS An appointed ECO must do general Inspections must Mining, EMP and EA General inspections to occur on a Transport inspections ensure compliance monthly basis with the EMPr and

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EA. All complaints registers must be checked as well. A report must be prepared and presented to the mine manager.

ECO:

implementation of Monitoring must EMPr take place on a Mine manager: weekly basis by Monitoring of site monitoring of the ECO when clearance, mining mitigation activities, site clearance is Mining Vegetation boundaries, ensuring all findings occurring. nursery, are rectified Monthly rehabilitation Mine Owner: inspections can responsible for occur during compliance with operation phase. EMPr

The results thereof would be reported to the ECO: Mine Manager for implementation of management EMPr action. Samples Mine manager: for chemical monitoring of analysis will be Water monitoring mitigation activities, Mining Water taken in clean program ensuring all findings bottles, and for are rectified biological Mine Owner: analysis will be responsible for taken in sterile compliance with bottles, and sent EMPr to an accredited laboratory for analysis.

Mining ; Mandatory The Owner and the Noise Monitoring Quarterly Transport Occupational Mine Manager must

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Hygiene Noise comply with NEMA Level monitoring and MPRDA and MHSA

The mine manager or appointed ECO Fall-out Dust must take dust fall- Mining ; Air Quality Buckets installed out results to be Quarterly Transport Monitoring at strategic analysed at an locations accredited laboratory against SANS 1929: 2005

Mine manager must Mining: Heritage Presence of report all findings to Ad hoc basis Heritage Resources heritage artifacts the appointed archaeologist

Evaluation of suitability of EMPr and EA to latest changes in legislation. The appointed ECO Evaluation of conducts the mitigating EA & EMP assessment and Environmental measures to Mining Performance report to the DMR, Audit on an latest technology Assessments Mine Manager and annual basis and world’s best Mine Owner for practices. action Evaluation of mine workings and mining activities to the EA & EMPr.

l) Indicate the frequency of the submission of the performance assessment/ environmental audit report. The performance assessment/environmental audit report must be conducted on an annual basis.

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m) Environmental Awareness Plan

(1) Manner in which the applicant intends to inform his or her employee of any environmental risk which may result from their work.

The Management of Mount Coke Quarry undertakes to make every person entering its mine workings aware of the potential environmental impacts associated with their roles and how they can be mitigated through the implementation of the correct management procedures. This training should reduce the potential of occurrence of environmental negative incidents.

Responsibility:

 The Mine Manager and appointed ECO is responsible for ensuring that the environmental awareness training is implemented to all employees and sub- contractors on the site.  Environmental awareness training needs should be identified before the project commences, based on the available and existing capacity of site and project personnel (including the applicant and Contractors) to undertake the required EMPr management actions and monitoring activities.  It is vital that all personnel are adequately trained to perform their designated tasks to an acceptable standard. In addition to these parties, general environmental awareness must be fostered among the general workforce to encourage the implementation of environmentally sound practices. This ensures that environmental accidents are minimized and environmental compliance maximized.  Environmental awareness could be fostered by induction course for all workers on site, before commencing work on site, as well as during regular “toolbox talks”. Workers should also be alerted to particular environmental concerns associated with their tasks for the area/habitat in which they are working.  Courses must be given by suitably qualified personnel and in a language and medium understood by workers/employees. Posters of relevant environmental impacts, including SCCs, heritage impacts and safe practices allowed on site should be erected at the security hut.  An appointed ECO must do general inspections to ensure whether the mine manager and the rest of the operations are in compliance with the EMPr and EA as well as environmental training for sub-contractors or any clients who come onto site.

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(2) Manner in which risks will be dealt with in order to avoid pollution or the degradation of the environment.

Risks will be dealt with by educating employees about possible negative environmental impacts on site, maintaining all equipment and transport vehicles to Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) requirements, and providing Spill kits for any oil spills. Contact numbers for relevant experts in the dangerous fauna and heritage fields will always be accessible, as well as the numbers of all local security

n) Specific information required by the Competent Authority (Among others, confirm that the financial provision will be reviewed annually).

All monitoring results will form as an addendum to the annual EA & EMPr performance assessment report. The financial provision will be reviewed annually indicating work that would have been completed and the money used for rehabilitation..

2) UNDERTAKING

The EAP herewith confirms a) the correctness of the information provided in the reports X b) the inclusion of comments and inputs from stakeholders and I&APs ; X c) the inclusion of inputs and recommendations from the specialist reports where relevant; X and d) that the information provided by the EAP to interested and affected parties and any responses by the EAP to comments or inputs made by interested and affected. parties are correctly reflected herein. X

Signature of the primary environmental assessment practitioner

Name of company: Algoa Consulting Mining Engineers

Date: /01/2020

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-END

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References

Animal Demography Unit (2017). FrogMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=FrogMAP on 2019-10-26

Animal Demography Unit (2017). ReptileMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=ReptileMAP on 2019-10-26

Animal Demography Unit (2017). LepiMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=LepiMAP on 2019-10-26

Animal Demography Unit (2017). LacewingMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=LacewingMAP on 2017-10-26

Animal Demography Unit (2017). FrogMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=FrogMAP on 2019-10-26

Animal Demography Unit (2017). OdanataMAP Virtual Museum. Accessed at http://vmus.adu.org.za/?vm=OdanataMAP on 2019-10-26

Bird Life International (2019). Data Zone. Accessed at http://datazone.birdlife.org/home

Bazelet, C. & Naskrecki, P. (2014). "Acilacris furcatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2014: doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T20638495A56180068.en

Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (2018-2019). Draft Integrated Development Plan Review, “A City Hard at Work”.

Southern African Bird Atlas Project 2 (2019). A BirdMAP Project. Accessed at http://sabap2.adu.org.za/species

GEOTERRAIMAGE. 2015. 2013 - 2014 South African National Land Data User Report and Metadata.

Mecenero, S., J.B. Ball, D.A. Edge, M.L. Hamer, G.A. Hening, M. Krüger, E.L. Pringle, R.F. Terblanche & M.C. Williams (eds). 2013. Conservation assessment of butterflies of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: Red List and atlas. Saftronics (Pty) Ltd., Johannesburg and Animal Demography Unit, Cape Town.

Minter LR, Burger M, Harrison JA, Braack HH, Bishop PJ & Kloepfer D (eds). 2004. Atlas and Red Data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. SI/MAB Series no. 9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Taylor. M. R.; Peacock, F.; Wanless, R. M. 2015. The 2015 Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.

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Appendix A CV of Primary EAP

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Appendix A extended - CV of Secondary EAP

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Appendix B Site Layout Plan

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Reg.2(2) Plan – Site Layout

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Appendix C

Appendix

C1 Newspaper Advert

C2 Site Poster and e-Notice

C3 Background Information Document

C4 List of Registered Interested and Affected Parties

C5 Minutes of meetings held with various I&APs

C6 Communication with all Authorities and Interested & Affected Parties and responses

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Appendix C1 Newspaper Advert in “The Daily Dispatch” on 23rd October 2019

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Appendix C2 Site Poster

Map of locations of site notices erected for Mount Coke Quarry Mining permit application

Evidence of Site Notice at 32°57'44.81"S, 27°25'53.85"E.

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Site Notice

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Appendix C3 Background Information Document

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Appendix C4 – List of Registered Interested and Affected Parties

Interested & Affected Party Tel. no. Alt no. Fax E-mail address Address List the names of persons consulted in this column, and Mark with an X where those who must be consulted were in fact consulted. AFFECTED PARTIES Landowner State owned land Lawful occupier/s of the land Municipal councillor BCM Ward 40: Kholiwe T. Faku 079 782 9742 [email protected] Ndileka Location, King Williams Town Trust Centre Building (10th floor) Municipal manager : Andile Sihlahla (043) 705 1045 [email protected] Cnr Oxford and North Street East London Municipaliy: BCMM Environmental Impact and Systems Officer: Jane Galo 043 705 2964 083 9423 961 043 7022 017 [email protected] Beaconsfield Rd Property Management: Rod Owen

Organs of state (Responsible for infrastructure that may be affected Roads Department, Eskom, Telkom, DWA) Other Affected Parties Corner Scholl and Amalinda Drive ECPRHA: Sello Mokhanya 072 017 0072 043 745 0888 [email protected] East London, 5247 PO Box 11235, Southernwood, East London, ECPTA: Shane October 043 492 0881 [email protected] 5213 7 Arundel Crescent Stirling East London DAFF: Ms TM Vakaliza; Vetsheza Thobani; Nomalwande 0409404706; 5241 0663750153 [email protected] Mbananga (Forestry) 0663750106 Private Bag x9006 East London 5200 Alderwood House, Palm Square Business Dep Environmental Affairs: Cive Matizela 0792993587 Park, Beacon Bay, Private Bag X9060, East London, 5200 Private Bag X0022, Bhisho, 5605 DRPW: Johann Botha 0800 864 951 [email protected] Qhasana Building, Independence Avenue, Bhisho, 5605 Local Municipality: Tandi 0437052964 0437052980 [email protected] Private Bag X7485 KING WILLIAM'S TOWN 5600 Dep Water and Sanitation (043) 604 5400 437010224 (043) 642 6032 [email protected] 2 Hargreaves Ave KING WILLIAMS TOWN 5600 DAFF: (Agriculture) 0437046800 Eienaar: JC Berlin Concrete Products PTY (LTD) (Clifford) [email protected] 072 221 4327 Eienaar: Vasco Imvusa Trading 415 CC Hilton 083 289 [email protected] 5083 Mbawe Consulting Engineers & Project Managers 047 531 8064 0437410002 [email protected]

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Appendix C5 – Agreement with community in close vicinity of mining area

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Appendix C6 - Consultation with all Authorities and Interested & Affected Parties and responses

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Comments from DWS:

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Consultation with Dr Adrian J. Armstrong regarding the Mt Coke False Shieldback species

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Consultation with LED Manager of King William’s Town regarding land owner:

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Consultation with I&AP regarding submission of Draft BAR&EMP

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Consultation with Mr Kabelo Chappie and Mr James Roos (Attorney) regarding Nalihle Resources and objection:

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Objection Letter:

Nalihle Resources(Pty) Ltd

Dept of Mineral Resources

Eastern Cape Province

Dear Ncumisa / To whom it may concern

RE: OBJECTION ON MINING PERMIT APPLICATION: K2019436499 (Pty) Ltd t/a Mount Coke Quarry REF: EC 30/5/1/2/2/10568 MP

Nalihle Resources(Pty) Ltd would like to object on the above mentioned mining permit application based on the following reasons

1. Nalihle Resources(Pty) Ltd holds a mining a permit adjacent to the land in question and according Section 10 of EIA Regulation 2017 as amended, Nalihle is regarded as a lawful adjacent land user and therefore proper consultation is required  The proposed operation will have many negative implication on Nalihle’s operation e.i. Traffic , sales, other Environmental impacts 2. Nalihle Resources has also acted pro actively to confirm with community appointed representative, attorney and secretary regarding as to whether consultations have been held with them pertaining to the application and please see below the response.

Nalihle Resources: "I am objecting the application and I’m simply following the law and asking as to whether the company has followed the rules of the law as i as an affected party have not been consulted."

3. Response: The contents of this paragraph is noted and reasons of objection is also noted. Kindly be reminded that in early 2019 we had scheduled to revise contractual negotiations on terms that had not been concluded. Due to such delays and failure concluding such negotiations, wherein I had received a mandated to give a notice of termination at the end of this current contract entered into, I fully submit that is sufficient and in any contractual undertaking after such notice would not place Nalihle Resources (PTY) LTD as an affected party (subject to correction).Attached herein is the email sent to yourselves as interested parties as annexure "EMI3"

We therefore ask the application be either put on hold until the applying company has rectified and complied with all all requirements.

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We also as Nalihle would ask that with the above raised.

Would also request permission to have our mining right application be allowed to cover the mentioned area as the application besides not having complied is also placed in the centre of what would be part of our mining area as we look to proceed and expand from Mining Permit to Mining Right

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Appendix D Specialist Studies

Appendix

D1 Botanical Specialist Report

Archaeological and Heritage Impact D2 Assessment Report

D3 Aquatic Specialist Report

D4 Fauna Species lists with red list status

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Appendix D1 - Botanical Specialist Report

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Appendix D2 - Archaeological and Heritage Impact Assessment Report

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Appendix D3 – Aquatic Specialist Report

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Appendix D4 - Fauna Species lists including all species recorded in the surrounding area of the proposed mining site.

The following section lists all the different faunal species which have been recorded in the area of the proposed mining area including the surrounding areas which have been categorized according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For this information, a species list from the website “MammalMap.adu” was extracted for the Quarter Degree Square (QDS) of 3227CD in which the proposed mining site falls in.

1. MammalMap Species list

Family Scientific name Common name Red list category Bathyergidae Cryptomys hottentotus Southern African Mole- Least Concern rat (2016) Bovidae Philantomba monticola Blue Duiker Vulnerable (2016) Chrysochloridae Amblysomus Hottentot Golden Mole Least Concern hottentotus (2016) Cricetidae Cricetus sp. Genus Cricetus Least Concern Gliridae Graphiurus Spectacled African Least Concern (Graphiurus) ocularis Dormouse Molossidae Tadarida aegyptiaca Egyptian Free-tailed Least Concern Bat (2016) Muridae Grammomys dolichurus Common Grammomys Least Concern (2016) Muridae Otomys auratus Southern African Vlei Near Threatened Rat (2016) Muridae Rattus rattus Roof Rat Least Concern Muridae Rhabdomys pumilio Xeric Four-striped Least Concern Grass Rat (2016) Mustelidae Poecilogale albinucha African Striped Weasel Near Threatened (2016) Pteropodidae Epomophorus Epomophorus Least Concern wahlbergi wahlbergi (2016) Vespertilionidae Myotis tricolor Temminck's Myotis Least Concern (2016) Vespertilionidae Neoromicia capensis Cape Serotine Least Concern (2016)

2. FrogMap Species list

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Family Scientific name Common name Red list category Bufonidae Vandijkophrynus Karoo Toad (subsp. Least gariepensis gariepensis gariepensis) Concern Hyperoliidae Hyperolius pusillus Water Lily Frog Least Concern Hyperoliidae Kassina senegalensis Bubbling Kassina Least Concern Hyperoliidae Semnodactylus wealii Rattling Frog Least Concern Phrynobatrachidae Phrynobatrachus Snoring Puddle Frog Least natalensis Concern Pipidae Xenopus laevis Common Platanna Least Concern Pyxicephalidae Amietia delalandii Delalande's River Frog Least Concern (2017) Pyxicephalidae Cacosternum boettgeri Common Caco Least Concern (2013) Pyxicephalidae Cacosternum nanum Bronze Caco Least Concern (2013) Pyxicephalidae Strongylopus fasciatus Striped Stream Frog Least Concern Pyxicephalidae Tomopterna tandyi Tandy's Sand Frog Least Concern

3. LepidopteraMap Species List

Family Scientific name Common name Red list category HESPERIIDAE Acleros mackenii Macken's dart Least Concern mackenii (SABCA 2013) HESPERIIDAE Calleagris kobela Mrs Raven's skipper Least Concern (SABCA 2013)

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HESPERIIDAE Gomalia elma elma Green-marbled Least Concern skipper (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Anthene amarah Black striped hairtail Least Concern amarah (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Hypolycaena philippus Purplebrown Least Concern philippus hairstreak (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Iolaus silas Southern sapphire Least Concern (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops ketsi Ketsi blue Least Concern ketsi (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Lepidochrysops patricia Patricia blue Least Concern (SABCA 2013) LYCAENIDAE Stugeta bowkeri bowkeri Bowker's marbled Least Concern sapphire (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Acraea acara acara Acara acraea Least Concern (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Acraea natalica Natal acraea Least Concern (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Catacroptera cloanthe Pirate Least Concern cloanthe (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes brutus White-barred Least Concern natalensis charaxes (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Charaxes varanes Pearl charaxes Least Concern varanes (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Danaus chrysippus African monarch, Least Concern orientis Plain tiger (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Junonia oenone oenone Blue pansy Least Concern (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Paralethe dendrophilus Forest beauty Least Concern dendrophilus (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Pseudonympha False silver-bottom Least Concern magoides brown (SABCA 2013) NYMPHALIDAE Telchinia esebria Dusky acraea Least Concern (SABCA 2013) PAPILIONIDAE Papilio nireus lyaeus Green-banded Least Concern swallowtail (SABCA 2013)

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PIERIDAE Belenois aurota Brown-veined white Least Concern (SABCA 2013) PIERIDAE Eurema brigitta brigitta Broad-bordered Least Concern grass yellow (SABCA 2013)

4. OdanataMap Species List

Family Scientific name Common name Red list category Chlorocyphidae Platycypha caligata Dancing Jewel Least Concern Gomphidae Ceratogomphus Common Thorntail Least Concern pictus Libellulidae Trithemis arteriosa Red-veined Dropwing Least Concern Libellulidae Trithemis kirbyi Orange-winged Least Concern Dropwing

5. ReptileMap Species List

Family Scientific name Common name Red list category Colubridae Dispholidus typus Boomslang Least Concern typus (SARCA 2014) Colubridae Philothamnus Spotted Bush Snake Least Concern semivariegatus (SARCA 2014) Lamprophiidae Lycodonomorphus Dusky-bellied Water Least Concern laevissimus Snake (SARCA 2014) Lamprophiidae Lycodonomorphus Brown Water Snake Least Concern rufulus (SARCA 2014) Lamprophiidae Psammophis Cross-marked Grass Least Concern crucifer Snake (SARCA 2014) Scincidae Acontias meleagris Cape Legless Skink Least Concern (SARCA 2014) Scincidae Acontias orientalis Eastern Legless Least Concern Skink (SARCA 2014) Viperidae Bitis arietans Puff Adder Least Concern arietans (SARCA 2014) Viperidae Causus rhombeatus Rhombic Night Adder Least Concern (SARCA 2014)

6. Bird Species List

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Common Common species Genus Species Threatened group Status

Harrier Black Circus maurus Endangered Reed-warbler African Acrocephalus baeticatus Least Concern Swamp- Lesser Acrocephalus gracilirostris Least Concern warbler Warbler Marsh Acrocephalus palustris Least Concern Sandpiper Common Actitis hypoleucos Least Concern Jacana African Actophilornis africanus Least Concern Kingfisher Malachite Alcedo cristata Least Concern Goose Egyptian Alopochen aegyptiacus Least Concern Crake Black Amaurornis flavirostris Least Concern Weaver Thick-billed Amblyospiza albifrons Least Concern Duck African Black Anas sparsa Least Concern Duck Yellow-billed Anas undulata Least Concern Shoveler Cape Anas smithii Least Concern Teal Cape Anas capensis Least Concern Teal Hottentot Anas hottentota Least Concern Teal Red-billed Anas erythrorhyncha Least Concern Openbill African Anastomus lamelligerus Least Concern Greenbul Sombre Andropadus importunus Least Concern Darter African Anhinga rufa Least Concern Pipit African Anthus cinnamomeus Least Concern Pipit Plain-backed Anthus leucophrys Least Concern Apalis Bar-throated Apalis thoracica Least Concern Swift African Black Apus barbatus Least Concern Swift Little Apus affinis Least Concern Swift White-rumped Apus caffer Least Concern Heron Black-headed Ardea melanocephala Least Concern Heron Grey Ardea cinerea Least Concern Heron Purple Ardea purpurea Least Concern Heron Squacco Ardeola ralloides Least Concern Batis Cape Batis capensis Least Concern Batis Chinspot Batis molitor Least Concern Ibis Hadeda Bostrychia hagedash Least Concern Rush-warbler Little Bradypterus baboecala Least Concern Egret Cattle Bubulcus ibis Least Concern Oxpecker Red-billed Buphagus erythrorhynchus Least Concern Thick-knee Water Burhinus vermiculatus Least Concern Buzzard Jackal Buteo rufofuscus Least Concern Buzzard Steppe Buteo vulpinus Least Concern Stint Little Calidris minuta Least Concern Camaroptera Green-backed Camaroptera brachyura Least Concern

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Cuckoo- Black Campephaga flava Least Concern shrike Nightjar Fiery-necked Caprimulgus pectoralis Least Concern Coucal Burchell's Centropus burchellii Least Concern Chat Familiar Cercomela familiaris Least Concern Scrub-robin Karoo Cercotrichas coryphoeus Least Concern Kingfisher Pied Ceryle rudis Least Concern Sunbird Amethyst Chalcomitra amethystina Least Concern Plover Three-banded Charadrius tricollaris Least Concern Tern Whiskered Chlidonias hybrida Least Concern Warbler Dark-capped Chloropeta natalensis Least Concern Yellow Cuckoo Diderick Chrysococcyx caprius Least Concern Cuckoo Klaas's Chrysococcyx klaas Least Concern Sunbird Greater Double- Cinnyris afer Least Concern collared Cisticola Lazy Cisticola aberrans Least Concern Cisticola Levaillant's Cisticola tinniens Least Concern Cisticola Wailing Cisticola lais Least Concern Cisticola Wing-snapping Cisticola ayresii Least Concern Neddicky Neddicky Cisticola fulvicapilla Least Concern Mousebird Speckled Colius striatus Least Concern Dove Rock Columba livia Least Concern Olive-pigeon African Columba arquatrix Least Concern Pigeon Speckled Columba guinea Least Concern Crow Cape Corvus capensis Least Concern Crow Pied Corvus albus Least Concern Raven White-necked Corvus albicollis Least Concern Robin-chat Cape Cossypha caffra Least Concern Canary Brimstone Crithagra sulphuratus Least Concern Canary Yellow-fronted Crithagra mozambicus Least Concern Seedeater Streaky-headed Crithagra gularis Least Concern Cuckoo Black Cuculus clamosus Least Concern Cuckoo Red-chested Cuculus solitarius Least Concern Sunbird Grey Cyanomitra veroxii Least Concern Sunbird Olive Cyanomitra olivacea Least Concern Palm-swift African Cypsiurus parvus Least Concern Duck White-faced Dendrocygna viduata Least Concern Woodpecker Cardinal Dendropicos fuscescens Least Concern Drongo Fork-tailed Dicrurus adsimilis Least Concern Puffback Black-backed Dryoscopus cubla Least Concern Egret Little Egretta garzetta Least Concern Waxbill Common Estrilda astrild Least Concern Bishop Southern Red Euplectes orix Least Concern Bishop Yellow Euplectes capensis Least Concern

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Widowbird Fan-tailed Euplectes axillaris Least Concern Widowbird Red-collared Euplectes ardens Least Concern Falcon Lanner Falco biarmicus Least Concern Falcon Peregrine Falco peregrinus Least Concern Kestrel Rock Falco rupicolus Least Concern Coot Red-knobbed Fulica cristata Least Concern Snipe African Gallinago nigripennis Least Concern Moorhen Common Gallinula chloropus Least Concern Moorhen Lesser Gallinula angulata Least Concern Kingfisher Brown-hooded Halcyon albiventris Least Concern Fish-eagle African Haliaeetus vocifer Least Concern Sunbird Collared Hedydipna collaris Least Concern Stilt Black-winged Himantopus himantopus Least Concern Martin Rock Hirundo fuligula Least Concern Swallow Barn Hirundo rustica Least Concern Swallow Greater Striped Hirundo cucullata Least Concern Swallow Lesser Striped Hirundo abyssinica Least Concern Swallow Pearl-breasted Hirundo dimidiata Least Concern Swallow White-throated Hirundo albigularis Least Concern Honeyguide Lesser Indicator minor Least Concern Bittern Little Ixobrychus minutus Least Concern Firefinch African Lagonosticta rubricata Least Concern Starling Cape Glossy Lamprotornis nitens Least Concern Boubou Southern Laniarius ferrugineus Least Concern Fiscal Common Lanius collaris Least Concern (Southern) Barbet Black-collared Lybius torquatus Least Concern Longclaw Cape Macronyx capensis Least Concern Bush-shrike Grey-headed Malaconotus blanchoti Least Concern Kingfisher Giant Megaceryle maximus Least Concern Kite Yellow-billed Milvus aegyptius Least Concern Lark Rufous-naped Mirafra africana Least Concern Rock-thrush Cape Monticola rupestris Least Concern Wagtail African Pied Motacilla aguimp Least Concern Wagtail Cape Motacilla capensis Least Concern Flycatcher African Dusky Muscicapa adusta Least Concern Flycatcher Spotted Muscicapa striata Least Concern Sunbird Malachite Nectarinia famosa Least Concern Pochard Southern Netta erythrophthalma Least Concern Guineafowl Helmeted Numida meleagris Least Concern Night-Heron Black-crowned Nycticorax nycticorax Least Concern Chat Buff-streaked Oenanthe bifasciata Least Concern Starling Red-winged Onychognathu morio Least Concern s Oriole Black-headed Oriolus larvatus Least Concern

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MOUNT COKE QUARRY

Tit-babbler Chestnut-vented Parisoma subcaeruleum Least Concern Tit Southern Black Parus niger Least Concern Sparrow Cape Passer melanurus Least Concern Sparrow House Passer domesticus Least Concern Sparrow Southern Grey- Passer diffusus Least Concern headed Petronia Yellow-throated Petronia superciliaris Least Concern Cormorant Reed Phalacrocorax africanus Least Concern Cormorant White-breasted Phalacrocorax carbo Least Concern Ruff Ruff Philomachus pugnax Least Concern Wood-hoopoe Green Phoeniculus purpureus Least Concern Brownbul Terrestrial Phyllastrephu terrestris Least Concern s Warbler Willow Phylloscopus trochilus Least Concern Spoonbill African Platalea alba Least Concern Goose Spur-winged Plectropterus gambensis Least Concern Weaver Cape Ploceus capensis Least Concern Weaver Dark-backed Ploceus bicolor Least Concern Weaver Spectacled Ploceus ocularis Least Concern Weaver Village Ploceus cucullatus Least Concern Weaver Yellow Ploceus subaureus Least Concern Finfoot African Podica senegalensis Least Concern Tinkerbird Red-fronted Pogoniulus pusillus Least Concern Harrier-Hawk African Polyboroides typus Least Concern Gallinule Allen's Porphyrio alleni Least Concern Swamphen African Purple Porphyrio madagascarien Least Concern sis Crake Baillon's Porzana pusilla Least Concern Prinia Tawny-flanked Prinia subflava Least Concern Honeybird Brown-backed Prodotiscus regulus Least Concern Saw-wing Black (Southern Psalidoprocne holomelaena Least Concern race) Spurfowl Red-necked Pternistis afer Least Concern Bulbul Dark-capped Pycnonotus tricolor Least Concern Rail African Rallus caerulescens Least Concern Martin Brown-throated Riparia paludicola Least Concern Painted-snipe Greater Rostratula benghalensis Least Concern Stonechat African Saxicola torquatus Least Concern Francolin Red-winged Scleroptila levaillantii Least Concern Hamerkop Hamerkop Scopus umbretta Least Concern Canary Cape Serinus canicollis Least Concern Flycatcher Fiscal Sigelus silens Least Concern Mannikin Bronze Spermestes cucullatus Least Concern Dove Laughing Streptopelia senegalensis Least Concern Dove Red-eyed Streptopelia semitorquata Least Concern

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MOUNT COKE QUARRY

Turtle-dove Cape Streptopelia capicola Least Concern Starling Common Sturnus vulgaris Least Concern Grebe Little Tachybaptus ruficollis Least Concern Shelduck South African Tadorna cana Least Concern Turaco Knysna Tauraco corythaix Least Concern Tchagra Black-crowned Tchagra senegalus Least Concern Bokmakierie Bokmakierie Telophorus zeylonus Least Concern Bush-shrike Olive Telophorus olivaceus Least Concern Paradise- African Terpsiphone viridis Least Concern flycatcher Ibis African Sacred Threskiornis aethiopicus Least Concern Barbet Acacia Pied Tricholaema leucomelas Least Concern Greenshank Common Tringa nebularia Least Concern Sandpiper Marsh Tringa stagnatilis Least Concern Sandpiper Wood Tringa glareola Least Concern Thrush Olive Turdus olivaceus Least Concern Dove Tambourine Turtur tympanistria Least Concern Mousebird Red-faced Urocolius indicus Least Concern Lapwing Black-winged Vanellus melanopterus Least Concern Lapwing Blacksmith Vanellus armatus Least Concern Lapwing Crowned Vanellus coronatus Least Concern Whydah Pin-tailed Vidua macroura Least Concern White-eye Cape Zosterops virens Least Concern Woodpecker Knysna Campethera notata Near Threatened Bustard Denham's Neotis denhami Near Threatened Ground- Southern Bucorvus leadbeateri Vulnerable hornbill

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