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Original Research Article DOI - 10.26479/2017.0206.01 BIOLOGY of FEW BUTTERFLY SPECIES of AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS of ARID REGIONS of KARNATAKA, INDIA Santhosh S
Santhosh & Basavarajappa RJLBPCS 2017 www.rjlbpcs.com Life Science Informatics Publications Original Research Article DOI - 10.26479/2017.0206.01 BIOLOGY OF FEW BUTTERFLY SPECIES OF AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS OF ARID REGIONS OF KARNATAKA, INDIA Santhosh S. & S. Basavarajappa* Entomology Laboratory, DOS in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, India ABSTRACT: Agriculture ecosystems have provided congenial habitat for various butterfly species. The Papilionidae and Nymphalidae family member’s most of their life cycle is depended on natural plant communities amidst agriculture ecosystems. To record few butterflies viz., Papilio polytes, Graphium agamemnon, Ariadne merione and Junonia hierta, agriculture ecosystems were selected randomly and visited frequently by adapting five-hundred-meter length line transects during 2014 to 2016. Study sites were visited during 0800 to 1700 hours and recorded the ovipositing behaviour of gravid female of these butterfly species by following standard methods. Eggs along with the host plant leaves / shoot / twigs were collected in a sterilized Petri dish and brought to the laboratory for further studies. Eggs were maintained under sterilized laboratory conditions till hatching. Newly hatched larvae were fed with their preferred host plants foliage and reared by following standard methods. P. polytes and G. agamemnon and A. merione and J. hierta developmental stages included egg, larva, pupa and adult and these stages have showed significant variation (F=21.35; P>0.01). Further, all the four species had four moults and five instars in their larval stage. However, including larval period, pupal duration was also varied considerably among these species. Further, overall life cycle completed in 43, 32.5 to 40, 21 to 30 and 21 to 29 days by P. -
MEET the BUTTERFLIES Identify the Butter Ies You've Seen at Butter Ies
MEET THE BUTTERFLIES Identify the butteries you’ve seen at Butteries LIVE! Learn the scientic, common name and country of origin. Experience the wonderful world of butteries with the help of Butteries LIVE! COMMON MORPHO Morpho peleides Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico to Colombia Wingspan: 5-8 in. (12.7 – 20.3 cm.) Fast Fact: Common morphos are attracted to fermenting fruits. WHITE MORPHO Morpho polyphemus Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico to Central America Wingspan: 4-4.75 in. (10-12 cm.) Fast Fact: Adult white morphos prefer to feed on rotting fruits or sap from trees. WHITENED BLUEWING Myscelia cyaniris Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico, parts of Central and South America Wingspan: 1.3-1.4 in. (3.3-3.6 cm.) Fast Fact: The underside of the whitened bluewing is silvery- gray, allowing it to blend in on bark and branches. MEXICAN BLUEWING Myscelia ethusa Family: Nymphalidae Range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia Wingspan: 2.5-3.0 in. (6.4-7.6 cm.) Fast Fact: Young caterpillars attach dung pellets and silk to a leaf vein to create a resting perch. NEW GUINEA BIRDWING Ornithoptera priamus Family: Papilionidae Range: Australia Wingspan: 5 in. (12.7 cm.) Fast Fact: New Guinea birdwings are sexually dimorphic. Females are much larger than the males, and their wings are black with white markings. LEARN MORE ABOUT SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN BUTTERFLIES > MOCKER SWALLOWTAIL Papilio dardanus Family: Papilionidae Range: Africa Wingspan: 3.9-4.7 in. (10-12 cm.) Fast Fact: The male mocker swallowtail has a tail, while the female is tailless. LEARN MORE ABOUT SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC BUTTERFLIES > ORCHARD SWALLOWTAIL Papilio demodocus Family: Papilionidae Range: Africa and Arabia Wingspan: 4.5 in. -
A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion. -
Frequent Flyers
SPOTTER’S What can you spot in the GUIDE Butterfly House today? Frequent Flyers... Large tree Glasswing nymph Blue clipper Greta oto Idea leuconoe Parthenos sylvia lilacinus Central and South America Asia Southeast Asia The glasswing lacks wing Large tree nymphs are also The clipper has a range of scales in parts, giving known as ‘paper kites’ due to background colours, ranging them transparent wings their slow and graceful flight. from brown to blue – which which help them to avoid colours can you see today? being eaten. Blue morpho Great eggfly Owl butterfly Morpho peleides Hypolimnas bolina Caligo eurilochus Central and South America Southeast Asia Central and South America The iridescence on their Great eggfly butterflies are Their large eye spots act as a blue wings is created by not toxic. Females mimic deterrent to predators - they their wing-scales acting the wing pattern of the toxic could be the eyes of a much like prisms, refracting and common crow butterfly, larger creature. reflecting light. so they appear toxic and predators don’t attack them. SPOTTER’S What can you spot in the GUIDE Butterfly House today? Frequent Flyers... Great orange-tip Red lacewing Atlas moth Hebomoia glaucippe Cethosia biblis Attacus atlas Southeast Asia India and Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, Philippines Great orange-tips often rest Red lacewings lay their eggs The atlas moth is the largest with their wings closed to on passionflower plants as moth in the world, but once hide their orange colouration, the caterpillars eat the leaves they emerge they only live for using their ‘dead-leaf’ when they hatch. -
Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources & Development Short Communication
BJNRD (2016), 3(2): 42-46 Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources & Development Short Communication ISSN 2409–2797 (Print) www.bjnrd.org Open Access ISSN 2409–5273 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17102/cnr.2016.11 Butterfly (Lepidoptera- Rhophalocera) Diversity in the Developing Urban Area of Gelephu, Bhutan 1 Tshering Nidup Abstract Urban development has led to substantial fragmentation of natural habitats of wildlife, depletion of water resources, and increase in air and soil pollution resulting in significant impact on biodiversity and ecological processes. Butterflies are good biological indicators of anthropogenic disturbance of environment. Considering the impact of habitat fragmentation and change in environment and climate variables, this study was undertaken to study butterfly diversity in and around the expanding Gelephu town in southern Bhutan. The survey was carried out from January to December, 2015 with an objec- tive to generate baseline information on the presence and status of butterflies in the urban area of Gele- phu. A total of 56 species of butterflies belonging to 5 different families were recorded. Family Nym- phalidae had the highest number of species (46%, n = 26) and the lowest was represented by family Papilionidae (5%, n = 3). Establishment of Green Park in the urban area could create good habitat for increasing butterfly biodiversity in urban area of Gelephu. Keywords: Butterfly, conservation, diversity, urban area Introduction some scientific information and interest among young people in Bhutan. Singh and Chib (2015) Biodiversity decline is attributed mainly to in- published a checklist and Wangdi and Sherub crease in global human population (Stoate et al., (2015) published a pictorial guide along with a 2001; Benton et al., 2002; 2003). -
DAFTAR PUSTAKA Achanta, G., Modzeleska, FL, Khan, SR, Huang, P
DAFTAR PUSTAKA Achanta, G., Modzeleska, F. L., Khan, S. R., Huang, P. (2006). A Boronic- Chalcone Derivative Exhibits Potent Anticancer Activity through Inhibition of the Proteosome, Mol Pharmacolgy, 70:426-433 Achmad, A. (2002). Potensi dan Sebaran Kupu-Kupu di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Batimurung. Sulawesi Selatan. [online] Tersedia: http://labkonbiodend.com/2007_11_01_archive.html. ( November 2015) Amir, M., Noerdjito, W. A. dan Kahono, S. (2003). Serangga Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Jawa Barat. BCP-JICA LIPI Cibinong. Cibinong. Agustin, D. (2005). Perbedaan Khasiat Antibakteri Bahan Irigasi antara Hidrogen Peroksida 3% dan Infusum Daun Sirih 20% terhadap Bakteri Mix. Universitas Airlangga: Maj. Ked. Gigi. (Dent. J.), Vol. 38. No. 1: 45–47 Brown, S. H. (2002). Polyalthia longifolia ‘Pendula’. Florida: Horticulture Agent Lee County Extension, Fort Myers, (239) 533-7513 http://lee.ifas.ufl.edu/hort/GardenHome.shtml Bouqua, Joan. 2009. Butterfly Buffet The Feeding Preferences. [online] Tersedia: http://www.amnh.org/learn-teach/young-naturalist-awards/winning- essays2/2011-winning-essays/butterfly-buffet-the-feeding-preferences-of- painted-ladies ( 8 Januari 2016) BMKG. 2015. Data Cuaca Musim Pancaroba. [online] Tersedia: http://www.bmkg.go.id/bmkg_pusat/Publikasi/Artikel/SELAMAT_DATA NG_PANCAROBA_DAN_SELAMAT_TINGGAL_CUACA_PANAS.bm kg ( Desember 2015) Campbell, Reece, Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Jackson. (2010). BILOGI Edisi 8 Jilid III. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga Caparros, D., Elbaz, A. (1999). "Possible relation of atypical parkinsonism -
Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely Available at Journal of Species Lists and Distribution Pecies
ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution PECIES S Calcutta Wetlands, West Bengal, India OF Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Fauna of East Soumyajit Chowdhury 1* and Rahi Soren 2 ISTS L 1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata – 700 032, West Bengal, India 2 Ecological Research Unit, Dept. of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata – 700019, West Bengal, India [email protected] * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: East Calcutta Wetlands (ECW), lying east of the city of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), West Bengal in India, demands exploration of its bioresources for better understanding and management of the ecosystem operating therein. demonstrates the usage of city sewage for traditional practices of fisheries and agriculture. As a Ramsar Site, the wetland The diversity study, conducted for two consecutive years (Jan. 2007-Nov. 2009) in all the three seasons (pre-monsoon, Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) being potent pollinators and ecological indicators, are examined in the present study. during their larval and adult stages respectively, the lack of these sources in some parts of ECW indicate degraded habitats monsoon and post-monsoon), revealed seventy-four species. As butterflies depend on preferred host and nectar plants to agricultural lands) are resulting in the loss of wetland biodiversity and hence ecosystem integrity in ECW. with low species richness. Ongoing unplanned anthropogenic activities like habitat modifications (conversion of wetlands Introduction East Calcutta Wetlands (22°25’ – 22°40’ N, 88°20’ – The East Calcutta Wetlands (ECW) is a complex of 88°35’ E) (Figure 1) is part of the mature delta of River natural and man-made wetlands lying east of the city of Ganga. -
Colourful Butterfly Wings: Scale Stacks, Iridescence and Sexual Dichromatism of Pieridae Doekele G
158 entomologische berichten 67(5) 2007 Colourful butterfly wings: scale stacks, iridescence and sexual dichromatism of Pieridae Doekele G. Stavenga Hein L. Leertouwer KEY WORDS Coliadinae, Pierinae, scattering, pterins Entomologische Berichten 67 (5): 158-164 The colour of butterflies is determined by the optical properties of their wing scales. The main scale structures, ridges and crossribs, scatter incident light. The scales of pierid butterflies have usually numerous pigmented beads, which absorb light at short wavelengths and enhance light scattering at long wavelengths. Males of many species of the pierid subfamily Coliadinae have ultraviolet-iridescent wings, because the scale ridges are structured into a multilayer reflector. The iridescence is combined with a yellow or orange-brown colouration, causing the common name of the subfamily, the yellows or sulfurs. In the subfamily Pierinae, iridescent wing tips are encountered in the males of most species of the Colotis-group and some species of the tribe Anthocharidini. The wing tips contain pigments absorbing short-wavelength light, resulting in yellow, orange or red colours. Iridescent wings are not found among the Pierini. The different wing colours can be understood from combinations of wavelength-dependent scattering, absorption and iridescence, which are characteristic for the species and sex. Introduction often complex and as yet poorly understood optical phenomena The colour of a butterfly wing depends on the interaction of encountered in lycaenids and papilionids. The Pieridae have light with the material of the wing and its spatial structure. But- two main subfamilies: Coliadinae and Pierinae. Within Pierinae, terfly wings consist of a wing substrate, upon which stacks of the tribes Pierini and Anthocharidini are distinguished, together light-scattering scales are arranged. -
(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) of Kerala Part of Western Ghats Usin
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2014; 2 (4): 72-77 ISSN 2320-7078 Taxonomic segregation of the Swallowtails of the JEZS 2014; 2 (4): 72-77 © 2014 JEZS genus Graphium (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) of Received: 23-06-2014 Accepted: 17-07-2014 Kerala part of Western Ghats using morphological V.S. Revathy characters of external genitalia Entomology Department, Forest Health Division, Kerala Forest V.S. Revathy and George Mathew Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala- 680635 Abstract George Mathew Studies on the genitalia of four species of Papilionids belonging to the tribe Leptocercini were made. The Entomology Department, Forest structure of vinculum, uncus, valvae and phallus of the male genitalia and the bursa, ductus and ovipositor Health Division, Kerala Forest of the female were found to be useful in taxonomic segregation of these butterflies. This highlights the Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala- extreme practical importance of external genitalic structures in the identification of these butterflies and 680635 improves upon earlier characters for generic and specific determinations based mainly on the wing venation, size and shape of palpi, and frons. Keywords: Taxonomy, Papilionidae, Lepidoptera, Graphium, Western Ghats 1. Introduction The Western Ghats constitute a mountain range along the western side of India. It is acclaimed as World Heritage Site by UNESCO and is one of the world’s eight “hottest hotspots" of biological diversity. Southern Western Ghats extending from the Agasthamalai to Palghat Gap has highest butterfly diversity with maximum Endemics. Thirty six species of butterflies are reported to be endemic to the Ghat and among the butterfly genera, the genus Parantirrhoea is exclusively [11] endemic to this region . -
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Conservation Area Series No. 19 FAUNA OF DESERT NATIONAL PARK RAJASTHAN (Proposed Biosphere Reserve) Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata Zoological Survey of India Kolkata CITATION Editor-Director. 2004. Conservation Area Series, No. 19 : 1-135 (5 Plates) (Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata) Published - August, 2004 ISBN 8l ...817I-049-S Project Coordinator DR.N.S.RATHORE Scientist-E Desert Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India, Jodhpur © Governlnent of India, 2004 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. • This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade. be lent, re-sold hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher's consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. • The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by any other means is incorrect and shoud be unacceptable. PRICE India: Rs.3S0.00 Foreign : $ 20.00; £ 15.00 P~hlished ilt the Publication Division by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, 234/4, A J C Bose Road, 2nd MSO Building, (13th Floor), Nizam Palace, Kolkata-700 020 and printed at East India Photo Composing Centre, Kolkata-700 006. Fauna of Desert National Park Conservation Area Series No. 19 2004 Pages 1-135 CONTENTS Page Desert National Park - An overview N. -
Study of Butterfly Diversity in College of Forestry Campus, Sirsi, Uttara
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(4): 01-11 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Study of butterfly diversity in college of forestry JEZS 2019; 7(4): 01-11 © 2019 JEZS campus, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada Received: 01-05-2019 Accepted: 05-06-2019 Udaya Kumar K Udaya Kumar K, Ramesh Rathod, Vinayak Pai, Karthik NJ and Nagaraj Department of Silviculture and Shastri Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Sirsi, Karnataka, India Abstract Ramesh Rathod Butterflies are the most fascinating group of insects to humankind, often regarded as flagship species. Assistant Professor, Department They are the good bio-indicators of the ecosystem and are very sensitive to changes in the environment. of Silviculture and Agroforestry, They play an important role in food chain and are valuable pollinators in the local environment. College of Forestry, Sirsi, Butterflies dependent on specific host plant in their developmental stages and hence their diversity Karnataka, India indirectly reflects the plant diversity of a particular area. With this context an investigation was carried out to document and analyze the community structure, richness and diversity of butterflies in forestry Vinayak Pai college campus, Sirsi, during which 84 butterfly species belonging to six families were recorded by Department of Forest Biology and Tree improvement, College following round walk method through visual observations of their wing color, patterns and also referring of Forestry, Sirsi, Karnataka, to field guides. The species diversity was found to be 3.34, calculated by using Shannon diversity index. India Eurema hecabe represents highest percentage (18.49) of abundance followed by Ypthima huebneri (12.72) in the study area. -
A Study of the Current Subspecies of Hebomoia Glaucippe (Linnaeus 1758) from the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) 25-32 Nachr
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo Jahr/Year: 2008 Band/Volume: 29 Autor(en)/Author(s): Treadaway Colin G., Schröder Heinz-Gerd Artikel/Article: A study of the current subspecies of Hebomoia glaucippe (Linnaeus 1758) from the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) 25-32 Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 29 (/2): 25–32 (2008) 25 A study of the current subspecies of Hebomoia glaucippe (Linnaeus 1758) from the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) Colin G. Treadaway and Heinz G. Schroeder Colin G. Treadaway F.R.E.S., Entomologie II, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; colin.treadaway@web.de Dr. Heinz G. Schroeder, Entomologie II, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; heinzingeschroeder@gmx.de Abstract: The species Hebomoia glaucippe (Linnaeus 758) sind typische Vertreter in beiden Geschlechtern abgebildet, has a wide distribution stretching from India and South und die Verbreitung der Unterarten wird auf einer Karte China to Malaysia, Indonesia, Sundaland, Taiwan to the Phil- dargestellt. ippines and on to lesser Sunda Islands occurring in a large number of subspecies. On the Philippines Hebomoia glau cippe, up till now, was represented by 0 subspecies. A study Introduction of a very large number of glaucippe specimens from the Hebomoia glaucippe (Linnaeus 758) over its broad range areas occupied by the so far known subspecies over different periods of the year has illustrated that the variation of of Asian occurrence has developed a large number of each of the known subspecies is very much broader than subspecies, some of which can be dramatically different previously considered.