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The Trinity in Scripture
Journal of the Adventist Theological Society, 14/2 (Fall 2003): 80–94. Article copyright © 2003 by Gerhard Pfandl. The Trinity in Scripture Gerhard Pfandl Biblical Research Institute The word Trinity (Lat. Trinitas, Òtri-unityÓ or Òthree-in-onenessÓ) is not found in the Bible (neither is the word ÒincarnationÓ), but the teaching it de- scribes is clearly contained in Scripture. Briefly defined, the doctrine of the Trinity stands for the concept that ÒGod eternally exists as three persons, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and each person is fully God, and there is one God.Ó1 God himself is a mysteryÑhow much more the incarnation or the Trinity! Nevertheless, even though we may not be able to comprehend logically the vari- ous aspects of the Trinity, we need to try to understand as best we can the scriptural teaching regarding it. All attempts to explain the Trinity will fall short, Òespecially when we reflect on the relation of the three persons to the divine essence . all analogies fail us and we become deeply conscious of the fact that the Trinity is a mystery far beyond our comprehension. It is the incomprehensi- ble glory of the Godhead.Ó2 Therefore, we do well to admit that Òman cannot comprehend it and make it intelligible. It is intelligible in some of its relations and modes of manifestations, but unintelligible in its essential nature.Ó3 We need to be aware that we can only ever achieve a partial understanding of what the Trinity is. As we listen to GodÕs Word, certain elements of the Trin- ity will become clear, but others will remain a mystery. -
Is Believing in Christ Enough? Q & a About Salvation & Works How Do
Is Believing in Christ Enough? Q & A about Salvation & Works WHAT IS THE PROPER RESPONSE TO THE GOSPEL? Question from June 24, 2012 message: We base most everything on John 3:16 and call people to believe. But today's message seems to take that all away. How are any of us to know if we “hate” our families enough, or “love” Jesus just enough? Are we forgiven and accepted by Christ dying or not? We lead new believers to think that is enough when there is clearly so much more. How is anyone to know for sure they are going to heaven? Your sermon was great, and people need to know this, but it creates a hole in one's heart. It creates doubt. How can anyone ever measure up? How do we ever have peace? When I read what Jesus says I find it hard to believe that anyone can ever reach this heavenly goal. Thanks for putting it out there. ANSWER FROM PASTOR TONY These are very good questions, and I appreciate your heart and struggle. You need to remember that all sermons that I preach have a context. This Sunday's sermon had the context of confronting easy believism and casual, cultural Christianity. So my emphasis was more on a person's commitment rather than Christ’s work on the cross. There are other messages that I have preached that emphasize the grace of God and not falling into legalism. I did a message the Sunday following Easter, April 15, 2012, where I emphasized the grace of Christ in a person's relationship. -
Holy Redeemer Catholic Church SERVED by the CONGREGATION of HOLY CROSS
Holy Redeemer Catholic Church SERVED BY THE CONGREGATION OF HOLY CROSS 25 NǟǢǤǘ RǟǣǑ PǑǢǛǣ WǑǩ, PǟǢǤǜǑǞǔ, OR 972172028 5032854539 (RǕǓǤǟǢǩ) 5032835197 (SǓǘǟǟǜ) “WITH THE LORD THERE IS MERCY AND FULLNESS OF REDEMPTION” https://holyredeemerpdxchurch.org FEBRUARY 14, 2021 Mass & Confession Times SUNDAY MASSES 8:00am Sunday (English) 10:00am Sunday (English) (Live on Facebook) 12:00pm Sunday (Spanish) (Live on Facebook) 2:00pm Sunday (Spanish) DAILY MASSES 9:00am Monday and Wednesday CONFESSIONS Call to make appointment 5032854530 FASTING AND ABSTINENCE REGULATIONS Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament ALL CATHOLICS, 14 YEARS AND OLDER, MUST 4:307:30pm Thursday ABSTAIN FROM MEAT ON ASH WEDNESDAY AND THE FRIDAYS OF LENT. ALL CATHOLICS Sacramental Life BETWEEN THE AGES OF 18 AND 59 ARE TO FAST MARRIAGE PREPARATION ON ASH WEDNESDAY AND GOOD FRIDAY. TO Please contact a priest eight months in FAST MEANS TO EAT ONE FULL MEAL; THE advance. OTHER TWO MEALS THAT DAY SHOULD BE LESS THAN THE NORMAL AMOUNT UNLESS THEY ARE BAPTISM Please contact Fr. Michael, Ext. 510. ALREADY A MINIMUM FOR GOOD HEALTH. EATING BEWTEEN MEALS IS NOT PERMITTED RITE OF CHRISTIAN INITIATION OF HOWEVER, LIQUIDS INCLUDING COFFEE, MILK ADULTS AND FRUIT JUICES ARE ALLOWED. Please contact Teresa Markgraf, Ext. 502. FIRST COMMUNION and CONFIRMATION COVID19 Please contact Meaghen Igloria, Ext. 512. Until further notice only clergy will distribute the Eucharist at Mass. No Precious Blood will be distributed until further notice. Rectory Office Hours Face coverings need to cover both your mouth and nose TuesdayNFriday 8:00am3:00pm when you come to Holy Redeemer for Mass or church CLOSED Monday, February15 for President’s meetings. -
The Book of Common Prayer
The Book of Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and Other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church Together with The Psalter or Psalms of David According to the use of The Episcopal Church Church Publishing Incorporated, New York Certificate I certify that this edition of The Book of Common Prayer has been compared with a certified copy of the Standard Book, as the Canon directs, and that it conforms thereto. Gregory Michael Howe Custodian of the Standard Book of Common Prayer January, 2007 Table of Contents The Ratification of the Book of Common Prayer 8 The Preface 9 Concerning the Service of the Church 13 The Calendar of the Church Year 15 The Daily Office Daily Morning Prayer: Rite One 37 Daily Evening Prayer: Rite One 61 Daily Morning Prayer: Rite Two 75 Noonday Prayer 103 Order of Worship for the Evening 108 Daily Evening Prayer: Rite Two 115 Compline 127 Daily Devotions for Individuals and Families 137 Table of Suggested Canticles 144 The Great Litany 148 The Collects: Traditional Seasons of the Year 159 Holy Days 185 Common of Saints 195 Various Occasions 199 The Collects: Contemporary Seasons of the Year 211 Holy Days 237 Common of Saints 246 Various Occasions 251 Proper Liturgies for Special Days Ash Wednesday 264 Palm Sunday 270 Maundy Thursday 274 Good Friday 276 Holy Saturday 283 The Great Vigil of Easter 285 Holy Baptism 299 The Holy Eucharist An Exhortation 316 A Penitential Order: Rite One 319 The Holy Eucharist: Rite One 323 A Penitential Order: Rite Two 351 The Holy Eucharist: Rite Two 355 Prayers of the People -
Antichrist As (Anti)Charisma: Reflections on Weber and the ‘Son of Perdition’
Religions 2013, 4, 77–95; doi:10.3390/rel4010077 OPEN ACCESS religions ISSN 2077-1444 www.mdpi.com/journal/religions Article Antichrist as (Anti)Charisma: Reflections on Weber and the ‘Son of Perdition’ Brett Edward Whalen Department of History, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3193, Chapel Hill, NC, 27707, USA; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-919-962-2383 Received: 20 December 2012; in revised form: 25 January 2013 / Accepted: 29 January 2013 / Published: 4 February 2013 Abstract: The figure of Antichrist, linked in recent US apocalyptic thought to President Barack Obama, forms a central component of Christian end-times scenarios, both medieval and modern. Envisioned as a false-messiah, deceptive miracle-worker, and prophet of evil, Antichrist inversely embodies many of the qualities and characteristics associated with Max Weber’s concept of charisma. This essay explores early Christian, medieval, and contemporary depictions of Antichrist and the imagined political circumstances of his reign as manifesting the notion of (anti)charisma, compelling but misleading charismatic political and religious leadership oriented toward damnation rather than redemption. Keywords: apocalypticism; charisma; Weber; antichrist; Bible; US presidency 1. Introduction: Obama, Antichrist, and Weber On 4 November 2012, just two days before the most recent US presidential election, Texas “Megachurch” pastor Robert Jeffress (1956– ) proclaimed that a vote for the incumbent candidate Barack Obama (1961– ) represented a vote for the coming of Antichrist. “President Obama is not the Antichrist,” Jeffress qualified to his listeners, “But what I am saying is this: the course he is choosing to lead our nation is paving the way for the future reign of Antichrist” [1]. -
Calvinism Or Arminianism? They Have Both Led to Confusion, Division and False Teaching
Is Calvinism or Arminianism Biblical? A Biblical Explanation of the Doctrine of Election. By Cooper P. Abrams, III (*All rights reserved) [Comments from some who read this article] [Frequently Asked Questions About Calvinism] Is Calvinism or Arminianism Biblical? One of the most perplexing problems for the teacher of God's Word is to explain the relationship between the doctrine of election and the doctrine of salvation by grace. These two doctrines are widely debated by conservative Christians who divide themselves into two opposing camps, the "Calvinists" and the "Arminians." To understand the problem let us look at the various positions held, the terms used, a brief history of the matter, and then present a biblical solution that correctly addresses the issue and avoids the unbiblical extremes of both the Calvinists and the Arminians. Introduction to Calvinism John Calvin, the Swiss reformer (1509-1564) a theologian, drafted the system of Soteriology (study of salvation) that bears his name. The term "Calvinism" refers to doctrines and practices that stemmed from the works of John Calvin. The tenants of modern Calvinism are based on the works of Calvin that have been expanded by his followers. These beliefs became the distinguishing characteristics of the Reformed churches and some Baptists. Simply stated, this view claims that God predestined or elected some to be saved and others to be lost. Those elected to salvation are decreed by God to receive salvation and cannot "resist God's grace." However, those that God elected to be lost are born condemned eternally to the Lake of Fie and He will not allow them be saved. -
“Only a Trinity Can Save
“Only a Trinity Can Save Us” Ephesians 3:14-21 14 For this reason I bow my knees before the Father, 15 from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named, 16 in order that he might grant you according to the riches of his glory to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in the inner man, 17 that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith, being rooted and established in love, 18 in order that you might be strengthened to comprehend with all the saints what is the length and width and height and depth, 19 and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, in order that you might be filled with all the fullness of God. 20 Now to him who is able to do exceedingly more than anything that we could ask or imagine, according to the power that is being worked within us, 21 to him be glory in the Church and in Christ Jesus for all generations, forever and ever. Amen. In the Name of God: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Amen. 1. Introduction. When I was studying in England, I was enrolled in a Theology Seminar led by, let’s say, a “noteworthy conservative theology scholar.” There was nothing immediately alarming about the class or the instructor on paper, but then on day two, we began our study of the Trinity. The Professor explained that the word “God” was not so much a noun as an adjective to be applied to each Person of the Trinity. -
Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: a New Missional Paradigm for Community Transformation
Digital Commons @ George Fox University Doctor of Ministry Theses and Dissertations 4-2021 Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: A New Missional Paradigm For Community Transformation Michael J. Berry Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmin Part of the Christianity Commons GEORGE FOX UNIVERSITY RE-IMAGINING ECCLESIOLOGY: A NEW MISSIONAL PARADIGM FOR COMMUNITY TRANSFORMATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF PORTLAND SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY MICHAEL J. BERRY PORTLAND, OREGON APRIL 2021 Portland Seminary George Fox University Portland, Oregon CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ________________________________ DMin Dissertation ________________________________ This is to certify that the DMin Dissertation of Michael J. Berry has been approved by the Dissertation Committee on April 29, 2021 for the degree of Doctor of Ministry in Leadership in the Emerging Culture Dissertation Committee: Primary Advisor: W. David Phillips, DMin Secondary Advisor: Karen Claassen, DMin Lead Mentor: Leonard I. Sweet, PhD Copyright © 2021 by Michael J. Berry All rights reserved ii DEDICATION To my wife, Andra and to our daughters, Ariel and Olivia. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks for everyone’s support and assistance to get me through this process: Dr. Len Sweet, Donna Wallace, Dr. David Phillips, Dr. Loren Kerns, Dr. Clifford Berger, Dr. Jason Sampler, Rochelle Deans, Dr. David Anderson, Dr. Tom Hancock, Patrick Mulvaney, Ray Crew, and especially Tracey Wagner. iv EPIGRAPH The baptism and spiritual -
Psalm 19 Is Well-Known for the Sheer Beauty of Its Hebrew Poetry. CS
“O LORD, My Rock and My Redeemer” A Sermon on Psalm 19 Texts: Psalm 19:1-14; Romans 1:18-25 _____________________________________ salm 19 is well-known for the sheer beauty of its Hebrew poetry. C. S. Lewis once said of Psalm 19: “I take this to be the greatest poem in the Psalter and one of the greatest lyrics in the world.”1 POne commentator argues that the beauty of this particular Psalm puts the Psalmist’s artistic skills on a par with such great creative geniuses as Goethe, Haydn, and Beethoven.2 While this particular Psalm is indeed beautiful poetry, the 19th Psalm’s literary beauty does not (or at least should) not obscure the fact that this particular Psalm is packed with important biblical-theological themes. The 19th Psalm speaks directly to the two ways in which God reveals himself–through the created order in which he shows forth his glory, and in his law, through which he demonstrates his divine perfections. The self-revelation of God–the two ways in which God reveals himself to all his creatures–is such an important topic that article two of the Belgic Confession (the confession of faith of the Reformed churches) deals with these two ways (or two books) immediately following a discussion of the nature of God in article one. The Confession speaks of these two books of revelation–the natural order and Holy Scripture–as follows: We know God by two means: First, by the creation, preservation, and government of the universe, since that universe is before our eyes like a beautiful book in which all creatures, great and small, are as letters to make us ponder the invisible things of God: his eternal power and his divinity, as the apostle Paul says in Romans 1:20. -
Calvinism and Arminianism
The editors Truth & Testimony Calvinism and Arminianism - The Bible instructs us that we should generally be simple concerning that which is evil (Rom. 16:19). The same principle applies in connection with erroneous teachings which may be found in the Christian profession today: we are commended to the Word of God (Acts 20:28–32), as opposed to a detailed understanding of the false teaching by which the devil may be seeking to lead us astray (see also Eph. 6:17). Having said this, two false systems of teaching in connection with God’s sovereignty and man’s responsibility are prevalent in Christendom and appear to attract many adherents. It may therefore be helpful to identify them and briefly address some of their errors. The two systems of teaching are Calvinism (which is sometimes referred to as ‘reformed’ theology) and Arminianism. Each emphasises one side of the truth (God’s sovereignty or man’s responsibility) at the expense of the other, sometimes taking the Scriptures to the extreme. C H Mackintosh aptly described both as ‘one- sided theology’. This article does not seek to judge the men whose names have been applied to these theological schools or the genuineness of the hearts of those who might call themselves Calvinists or Arminians. We only wish to highlight the serious errors concerning God’s sovereignty and man’s responsibility in each system of teaching. Some may have heard of the ‘five points of Calvinism’, which include the following: Calvinism and Arminianism 1 (a) unconditional election: in His absolute sovereignty, God has chosen, from eternity past, those whom He would bring to Himself; (b) limited atonement: the work of the Lord Jesus on the cross was only for those who were chosen to be the beneficiaries of God’s unconditional election; and (c) irresistible grace: God will bring to Himself every person He has chosen, and nothing which a sinner who is part of the elect can do will stop this. -
Roman Catholic Theology and Practice of the Priesthood Contrasted with Protestant Theology and Practice of the Priesthood Gregg R
Roman Catholic Theology and Practice of the Priesthood Contrasted with Protestant Theology and Practice of the Priesthood Gregg R. Allison and Rachel Ciano Gregg R. Allison is professor of Christian Theology at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Louisville, Kentucky. He is secretary of the Evangelical Theological Society, a pastor at Sojourn Church East, and theological strategist for Sojourn Network. His books include Historical Theology (Zondervan, 2011), Sojourners and Strangers (Crossway, 2012), Roman Catholic Theology and Practice (Crossway, 2014), The Unfinished Reforma- tion (Zondervan, 2016), and 50 Core Truths of the Christian Faith (Baker, 2018). Gregg is married to Nora and together they have three adult children and ten grandchildren. Rachel Ciano lectures in Church History at Sydney Missionary and Bible College, Australia. She specializes in Reformation history, particularly the English Reformation. She has contributed to Finding Lost Words: The Church’s Right to Lament (Wipf and Stock, 2017) and 10 Dead Guys You Should Know (Christian Focus: forthcoming). Rachel serves in ministry with her husband in Sydney, preaches at various Australian women’s conferences, and is mother to two boys. In an elaborate and sacred ceremony on Sunday afternoon in the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary, as part of the Eucharistic liturgy, Jason Thiess was consecrated to the Roman Catholic priesthood. Having completed his years of seminary studies1 and wrestled with the call to total devotion SBJT 23.1 (2019): 137-155 137 The Southern -
Christ of the Creeds
Redeemer OPC, Pearl City Rev. Douglas L. Watson Adult Sunday School: Person and Work of Christ November 17, 2019 Christ of the Creeds I. Introduction. We continue on with the discussion we began last time about the two natures in the one Person of Jesus Christ. We saw plentiful Biblical evidence and proof that Jesus Christ is fully God and fully man. This confuses some, especially non-Christians in religions that deny the deity of Christ. I wonder if they think that by “fully” we mean in some form of measurement, as though they liken what we are saying to a bowl being full of food and full of dirt at the same time. It isn’t possible for the same space to be filled with two different substances at the same time, so perhaps they think we are saying something that is against reason. But that isn’t what we mean when we say He is fully God and fully man at the same time. We mean that Jesus Christ has a nature that is God in that everything that it takes and means to be God, He has. He also has a nature in His Person that is human in that everything that it takes and means to be human, He has. In order for this to happen, God the Second Person of the Trinity added a human nature to Himself that consists of a true human physical body and a human soul with intellect, will, and emotions. That doesn’t make Him half God and half man; He still is fully God by virtue of having the fully divine nature with all of the attributes of God intact, none missing.