Waste Minimisation Action Plan 2021-2025
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What Is a Materials Recovery Facility? a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF
What is a Materials Recovery Facility? A materials recovery facility (MRF) is a specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for sale to end-user manufacturers. It is important that the materials which come out of the MRF are clean, properly sorted and relatively free of impurities. How It Works Step 1: It All Starts with YOU! You begin by preparing your recyclables (e.g., you rinse bottles and cans, flatten cardboard) and place them in the residential recycling bin at the curb. Step 2: Materials are Collected and Delivered to a MRF Recycling crews drive through your neighborhood and collect the materials. They transport the materials to a MRF where they are weighed and offloaded onto the floor. Step 3: Recyclables are Put on Conveyor Belts Commingled materials (i.e., steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic bottles, cardboard and mixed paper) are put onto conveyors that are used to transport the material streams inside the MRF. Step 4: Materials are Sorted The conveyors go past semi-automated sorting lines. In this process, workers remove debris and sort the materials by type. In addition to hand sorting, materials undergo both simple and complex automated processes. For example, disc screens separate fiber from containers and 2-D from 3-D materials. While an overhead magnet is used to remove steel cans from other recyclables. Step 5: Recyclables are Prepared for Transport Once recyclables have gone through all the necessary sorting processes, they are prepared for transport. Some materials (i.e., plastics, metal cans, paper, cardboard) are compressed into large dense cubes or bales. -
Waste Minimisation
Waste Minimisation An Environmental Good Practice Guide For Industry This guide will help industry and the Environment Agency move forward together to minimise waste and achieve national environmental goals WASTE MINIMISATION An Environmental Good Practice Guide for Industry “The cost of your waste is not so much the cost of getting rid of it as the value of what you are getting rid of!” Published by the Environment Agency April 2001, to help business achieve sustainable practice through waste minimisation. Revised edition April 2001. First published April 1998. i Waste Minimisation Good Practice Guide Environment Agency April 2001 FOREWORD Minimise waste – maximise profit The way we use our planet’s natural resources is now widely recognised as one of the root causes of many environmental problems. Waste and industrial emissions have a major impact on the environment both nationally and globally. Effects such as global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, air and water pollution are all derived from local emissions, but the resources consumed may be mined and manufactured from anywhere in the world. From extraction to consumption the global economy consumes vast quantities of raw materials, water and energy. In the UK some 600 million tonnes of raw materials, excluding water, are used each year. More than 90 per cent of the resources we consume are either thrown away as wastes or discharged to the environment as effluent or air emissions. Since the Environment Agency first published this guide in 1998, waste minimisation has become an established business practice for many organisations and thousands of businesses have now implemented waste reduction programmes. -
Craven Recycling-Frequently Asked Questions
Craven County Curbside Recycling Program Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Q: I have not received a recycling roll cart or I’m a new resident. How do I get a recycling roll cart? A: Please call Waste Industries dba GFL at 252-638-1366 to request a 95 gallon recycling roll cart. Q: What do the carts look like? A: The carts are 95 gallon lime green roll carts with lids and they are easily distinguishable from the old bins or trash bins. They are stamped with GFL which stands for Waste Industries dba Green for Life (GFL). The cart you receive will also have information stamped on the top in white lettering. The dimensions of the cart are 42 inches tall and 35 inches wide at the top. Q: What day will my new cart be serviced? A: Each cart will be delivered with a calendar with the weeks color coded. Your cart will have a colored decal with the day of the week notated. Look at your calendar to find your week and day according to the colored decal on your cart. For example, if you have a red decal with an M, then you are serviced on Mondays on the red weeks. Your cart will be serviced every four weeks. If you lose your calendar, please go to www.cravenrecycles.com and use the Recycling Pickup Schedule App to find your recycling dates. Carts should be placed curbside by 7:00 a.m. on collection day. Q: The sticker on my cart has faded and I cannot read it. -
Environmental Protection Agency Batneec Guidance
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY BATNEEC GUIDANCE NOTE Class 3.3 FERROUS METAL FOUNDRIES (DRAFT 3) Processing of Iron & Steel in Forges - BATNEEC Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Interpretation of BATNEEC 4 3. Sectors covered 6 4. Control Technologies 7 5. Emission Limit Values 11 6. Compliance Monitoring 14 7. References 15 8. Appendix 1 - Sources & Emissions 16 BAT33v3.DOC 14/05/96 Page 2 of 21 Processing of Iron & Steel in Forges - BATNEEC 1. INTRODUCTION This Guidance Note is one of a series issued by the Environmental Protection Agency and is designed to provide guidance to those applying for integrated pollution control licences under the EPA Act. It should also be read in conjunction with Application Guidance Notes, available under separate cover. It should be noted at the outset, that noise is not included within the scope of this work and guidance on this parameter has been issued separately. This Guidance Note is comprised of seven main sections and an appendix. Following this introduction, Section 2 contains a general note on the interpretation of BATNEEC. The industrial activity covered by the terms of this note is given in Section 3. In Section 4, the technologies to control emissions are tabulated and in Section 5 the specific emission limit values (ELVs) are given. Section 6 contains comments on compliance monitoring requirements, while the principal references are given in Section 7. The Appendix gives the main sources of emissions, and the principal releases from such sources. All applicants for Integrated Pollution Control licences, in the sector covered by this note, should carefully examine the information laid down in this Guidance Note, and should use this information to assist in the making of a satisfactory application for an Integrated Pollution Control licence to the Agency. -
FAQ for Recycle Right
FAQ For Recycle Right Why did the guidelines change for curbside recycling? Curbside recycling is facing a contamination crisis. Contamination is caused when people place materials in the recycling bin that do not belong. Recycling processors have a difficult time sorting out the trash, which makes its way into the sorted/bailed material that is sold to market. For a long time, China was the largest buyer of this material from the U.S. And because of increasing contamination levels, China made the decision to stop importing this material. This left the U.S. with an overabundance of recyclable commodities (re: bailed material) with a lot of trash mixed in. To address the contamination issue in Lancaster County, and ensure curbside recycling is sustainable, we went “back to the basics” with four material types that have a strong domestic market—meaning, there is a demand for this material by manufacturers in the U.S. We call these materials the “Big 4” and include: 1) corrugated cardboard (like shipping and packing boxes), 2) metal food and beverage cans, 3) plastic bottles and jugs with a neck, and 4) glass bottles and jars. Why are some materials allowed in the recycling bin, while others go to a drop-off location? In Lancaster County, we use a process called “single-stream” recycling, where residents can put all their approved recyclables into one bin. These materials are collected and taken to a materials recovery facility (MRF) where they are sorted, bailed, and sold to manufacturers, who turn them into new products. The sorting process is mostly automated, using various screens, magnets, and optical sorters to identify materials. -
Meeting of the MED POL National Coordinators
UNEP(DEC)/MED WG.231/6 5 May 2003 ENGLISH MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN Meeting of the MED POL National Coordinators Sangemini, Italy, 27 - 30 May 2003 STRATEGIC ACTION PROGRAMME GUIDELINES SEWAGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION In cooperation with WHO UNEP Athens, 2003 Table of Contents Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Purpose of Document 1 Target Audience 2 2. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 3 Background water quality 3 Wastewater characteristics 3 Characteristics of wastewater discharges 5 Aesthetics 5 Pathogens 5 Nutrients 6 Toxicants 6 Dissolved solids 7 Suspended solids 7 Other considerations 7 Environmental uses and water quality 8 Use area definition 8 Environmental Quality Objective and Environmental Quality Standards 9 Legislation and role of authorities 12 Approaches 12 Role of authorities 13 Monitoring 14 3. MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK 16 Aims and Objectives 16 Strategy and Principles 16 Control Mechanisms 17 Regulations 17 Enforcement 18 Economic tools 18 Effluent Quality 19 Effluent management and environmental values/water uses 19 Technology-based guidelines 21 Determination of effluent quality 21 Receiving Water Body and Aquatic Ecosystem Protection 22 Stakeholders 23 The Role of the Wastewater Company/Authority 23 Page No. Community Consultation 24 4. OPTIONS FOR EFFLUENT MANAGEMENT 26 Waste Minimisation 27 Managing the Collection Systems 28 Managing the Treatment Systems 30 Effluent Reuse 30 Land Application 32 Discharge to Coastal Waters 35 Discharge to Inland Waters 37 Treatment of wastewater 38 Treatment processes 38 Sludge processing and disposal/reuse 39 Selection of flow scheme 41 Submarine Outfall 42 Mixing zone 44 Treatment and disposal design philosophy 45 Environmental quality objectives 45 Use areas 46 Design of wastewater sanitation schemes/sewerage schemes 46 5. -
Glossary of Terms
The Study on Master Plan for Hazardous Waste Management in Romania Final Report Japan International Cooperation Agency Volume 7 Pilot Project 2 Waste Minimisation and Treatment in Metal Surface Treatment Process GLOSSARY OF TERMS Terms Meaning Acquis Communautaire or Acquis The ‘Body of Law’ of the European Union covering all legislation prepared and adopted by EU institutions. ADR European Agreement for international transport of hazardous substances (Accord Européen Relatif au Transport International des Marchandises Dangerouses par Route) BAT Best Available Techniques BG Bulgaria CAP Common Agricultural Policy CAS Country Assistance Strategy CBC Cross-border Co-operation CEE Central and Eastern European countries CPC Clean Production Centre DDBRA Danube Delta Biodiversity Reserve Authority or DfID Department for International Development DISAE Development of Implementation Strategies for Approximation in Environment EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EDC Ethylene Dichloride EEC European Economic Communities EIA Environmental impact assessment EIB European Investment Bank EIS Environmental impact statement EIU Economist Intelligence Unit EMAS Eco-management and Audit Scheme EPI Environmental Protection Inspectorate EPR Environmental Performance Report Ref: 28. EQS Environment Quality Standard ERM Environmental Resources Management EWC European Waste Catalogue EU The European Union GD Government Decision GEF Global Environment Fund GEO Government Emergency Ordinance GMP Genetically modified products GO Government Ordinance -
Acceptable Recyclables
Acceptable Recyclables Printed Paper Newspaper&insert Magazines Office Paper Envelopes So Cover Books Printed Paper Phone Books Junk Mail Catalogues Brochures Calendars Paper Packaging Cardboard Boxboard Kra9 Paper Paper Cores Moulded Pulp Plastic PET BoEles&Jars PET Thermoforms PET Clamshells PET Jars PP BoEles Plastic HDPE BoEles HDPE Jars HDPE Tubs and Lids HDPE Pails PE Bags Recycling World has Changed! Metal The items on this page are the only items we wish to see in your recycling bin. We can collect, process, and sell these materials day in and day out and you can feel good Aluminum Beverage Steel food and about it. Can beverage cans Placing the wrong items in the recycling bins increases the cost of the program, lowers the value of the remaining recyclables, and affects the safety of our employees. Just because something is made of paper, metal, plastic, or Glass glass, does not mean it is recyclable. Make sure you see it listed in the latest acceptable list posted on our web site, or your calendar. Clear and Coloured If you are unsure, please ask us at [email protected] or 1-800-265-9799, or visit www.bra.org BoEles and Jars Recent Program Changes While cartons are a defined commodity by the ISRI SpecificaQon circular, they are a laminated product that needs to be kept separate from other commodiQes otherwise they become a contaminaQon issue. Because of the shape shi9ing ability (2D vs 3D) this make Cartons them hard to separate even with the latest opQcal technology. Markets are not stable, price is low while handling costs are high. -
Encorp Pacific Presentation Overview
The BC EPR Model: A Leader in North America Allen Langdon President and CEO Encorp Pacific Presentation Overview • Overview of EPR IN BC • EPR for Packaging in BC • Overview of Encorp System • Benefits of EPR • Impact on Municipalities • What’s Next? Extended Producer Responsibility • Extended to what? – End-of-life (EOL) management of products and packaging • Responsible for what? – Collecting, recycling and diverting material from landfill – Paying the costs associated with activities set out in the a stewardship plan approved by the BC Ministry of Environment • Whose responsibility? – Producer—the business that provides the product of packaging to the BC residential consumer is responsible – Producer also known as the “steward” in some other provinces EPR is the law in BC • July 2004 – BC enacted Environmental Management Act (EMA) • October 2004 – BC filed Recycling Regulation • Product categories included as separate schedules under the regulation (beverage containers are Schedule 1) • There are now over 15 stewardship agencies in BC that manage materials such as paint, tires and electronics Packaging EPR in BC Encorp Pacific – 75.8% recovery rate (2017) • Schedule 1 – Beverage Containers (both residential and IC & I) Recycle BC – 75% recovery rate (2017) • Schedule 5 – Packaging and Paper Products (residential only) Overview of Encorp Pacific • Federally incorporated, not-for-profit corporation under the Canada Not-for-profit Corporations Act. • Used Beverage Container (UBC) management is our core business. Also a service provider to Electronic Products Recycling Association (EPRA) (2006) and Major Appliances Recycling Roundtable (MARR) (2018) • Five Members • Canadian Beverage Assn. (soft drinks), • Juice Council of BC, • Retail Council of Canada (grocery trade), • Canadian Bottled Water Assn., and • Beverage Alcohol Containers Mgmt. -
Impact Assessment
Title: Reforming the UK packaging producer responsibility Impact Assessment (IA) system Date: 18/01/2021 Stage: Consultation IA No: Source of intervention: Domestic RPC Reference No: Secondary legislation Lead department or agency: Defra Type of measure: Other departments or agencies: Contact for enquiries: [email protected] Summary: Intervention and Options RPC OPINION: GREEN Cost of Preferred (or more likely) Option 3(2019 prices, 2020 present value) Total Net Business Net Net cost to business One-In, Business Impact Target Status Present Present Value per year () Three-Out Value £275.4m -£9,532.5m £1,131.0m In scope Qualifying provision What is the problem under consideration? Why is government intervention necessary? A producer responsibility (PR) system for packaging has been in place since 1997. Over this time, it has helped businesses across the UK to meet their packaging waste recycling obligations and the UK to achieve its and the EU packaging waste recycling targets whilst keeping the cost of compliance to businesses low compared to EU Member States. As the current system is designed to enable producers to meet (not exceed) their recycling targets it provides little incentive for producers to design their packaging to be more recyclable or encourage the use of reusable or refillable packaging. In addition, a range of environmental externalities (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions and disamenity impacts from littering) are not fully accounted for in packaging producers’ and users’ decisions. Other issues of the current system include stakeholders’ concerns over system transparency; limited direct financial support for local authorities (LAs) managing packaging waste and that recycling that can be done at a lower cost overseas resulting in a lack of a level playing field for domestic reprocessors. -
Zero Waste Principles.Indd
zero waste principles “The principle of zero waste is akin to Zero waste means a 100% such principles as ‘zero accidents’ or ‘zero resource-effi cient economy where, defects’ – which are now well established in manufacturing. By setting an extreme target as in nature, material fl ows are for waste reduction, new levels of innovation cyclical and everything is reused and e ciency are unleashed. or recycled harmlessly back into The concept of zero waste and the thinking society or nature. behind it challenge traditional approaches to waste management. Although zero waste ‘Waste’ as we think of it today will exists in nature, the theory and language is cease to exist because everything relatively new, and the breadth and depth of will be viewed as a resource. the ideas and practice surrounding it are still evolving. The key principle of zero waste is that it de nes ‘waste’ as something that is simply not acceptable. This sidesteps debate about what a ‘reasonable’ level of waste is, and instead puts the focus on steadily working towards a world without waste. The current business model is based on the industrial revolution assumption that the Earth provides an in nite source of raw materials, and an unlimited capacity to absorb our waste products. This assumption is clearly out dated and businesses now need to concentrate on creating goods and services, while reducing waste and resource consumption. Zero waste is based on the understanding that all of the materials we utilise are resources, and only become waste through poor design and end of life management. -
Waste Minimisation
ISSUE PAPER N°10 October 2012 Waste Minimisation INTRODUCTION Over the past 100 years, people have consumed more goods and produced more waste than ever before. As a result, waste generation is growing exponentially. Currently, on average every citizen living in the EU throws away around half a tonne of household rubbish every year.1 Today, our common goal is to use resources in closed loops, so that consumption does not generate waste as it did in former times. Because of its economic, social and environmental impacts, waste is a fast growing issue for all industrialised and emerging economies. Waste removal, in particular, is an important cost factor for businesses, public authorities and private households. Decreasing waste generation in absolute terms is a long-term objective. In this vein, one of the main goals of improving waste management systems is to decouple economic and population growth from waste generation, as well as decrease the environmental impacts of the latter. Cleaner production, support for more environmentally friendlier products, development of sustainable services and promotion of sustainable consumption, should lead to economies which are more resource efficient, and thereby less dependent on the supply of expensive raw materials. Indeed, recycling waste is one way to recover valuable resources, such as metal or plastic, while at the same time reducing the waste’s environmental impact. Consequently, the retail sector is increasingly seeing waste as a valuable resource in its own right and is taking steps to reuse materials wherever possible so as to reduce reliance on raw-material inputs. Retailers can play an important role in encouraging waste prevention.