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Simultaneously Published In Hindi Daily & Weekly VOL24, ISSUE 35 LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER ,2019,PAGE 08,PRICE :1/- Azadari in Lucknow Agency.Inputs With Sajjad Baqar- Lucknow is on the whole favourable to Madhe-Sahaba at a public meeting, and in protested, including prominent Shia Adeeb Walter -Lucknow.Azadari in Shia view." The Committee also a procession every year on the barawafat figures such as Syed Ali Zaheer (newly Lucknow is name of the practices related recommended that there should be general day subject to the condition that the time, elected MLA from Allahabad-Jaunpur), to mourning and commemoration of the prohibition against the organised place and route thereof shall be fixed by the Princes of the royal family of Awadh, district authorities." But the Government the son of Maulana Nasir a respected Shia failed to engage Shias in negotiations or mujtahid (the eldest son, student and inform them beforehand of the ruling. designated successor of Maulana Nasir Crowds of Shia volunteer arrestees Hussain), Maulana Sayed Kalb-e-Husain assembled in the compound of Asaf-ud- and his son Maulana Kalb-e-Abid (both Daula Imambada (Bara Imambara) in ulema of Nasirabadi family) and the preparation of tabarra, April 1939. brothers of Raja of Salempur and the Raja The Shias initiated a civil of Pirpur, important ML leaders. It was disobedience movement as a result of the believed that Maulana Nasir himself ruling. Some 1,800 Shias publicly Continue On Page 07 Imambaras, Dargahs, Karbalas and Rauzas Aasafi Imambara or Bara Imambara Imambara Husainabad Mubarak or Chhota Imambara Imambara Ghufran Ma'ab Dargah of Abbas, Rustam Nagar. Dargah of Abbas, Karbala Musahab-ud-Daulah (Misri ki Baghiya). Imambara of Bi Misri Saheba (Associated with Ali Akber, Karbala Musahab-ud-Daulah (Misri ki Baghiya). Imambara of Moghul Saheba, the highest "Mimber" in India is kept in this Imambara. Imambara of Zain-ul-Abidin Khan anniversary of the death of Imam Husayn recitation of Madhe-Sahaba verses on three Karbala of Dayanat-ud-Daulah ibn Ali at the Battle of Karbala in days, viz., ashura (the tenth day of Karbala King Naseer-ud-Din Haider 680,particularly in period of Muharram (in Muharram), Chehlum (the fortieth day of Karbala Agha Meer or Karbala Moata-mud-Daula, Narhi, Lucknow the Indian sub-continent Muharram in the ashura), and the twenty-first day of Imambara Sibtainabad Mubarak or Imambara Jannat Nasheen context of remembrance of the events of Ramzan. The Government accepted the Karbala Shraf-ud-Daulah (Rauza Kazmain) Karbala means the period of two months report of the Committee. Imambara Shah Najaf (Associated with Imam Ali.(AS) & eight days i.e. 68 days starting from the In 1935, on the day of Chehlum, some Karbala Mir Khuda Baksh or evening of 29 Zill-Hijjah and ending on sunnis defied the order and recited the Talkatora Karbala & Imambara Kaiwan Jah the evening of 8 Rabi-al-Awwal and in Madhe-Sahaba, which resulted in Karbala Azimullah Khan or Nehro wali Karbala. general round the year.The Government immediate tensions and skirmishes Imambara of Agha Baqar (Associated with Abbas). of Uttar Pradesh banned the processions between Shias and Sunnis. For three Karbala Malika Afaq Sahiba (Ghaar ki Karbala) or in 1977 because of riots and violence.As a months Sunnis built pressure by defying Karbala-e-Askarien. result of protests, demonstrations, court prohibitory orders. When other re- Karbala Malika Jahan Sahiba (Aishbagh ki Karbala). arrests, self immolations and deaths of Shia conciliatory efforts failed, the government Karbala Rafiq-ud-Daulah (Karbala Abbas Bagh). youth, under the leadership of shia ulemas, appointed the Allsop Committee under Imambara of Saudagar. the Shias were permitted by the Justice Allsop of Allahabad High Court to Imambara of Nazim Saheb. government to stage an Azadari procession consider the question of public recitation Imambara of (Nawab Salarjung Bahadur) Mirza Mohammad Ali Khan in January 1998 (21st of Ramzan). A of the Madhe-Sahaba afresh. The Allsop Saheb or Kaala Imambara. limited number of processions are allowed, Committee reiterated the position of Alam-e-Fateh-e-Furat of Muharram 8 and security is tight.During Nawabi time Piggott Committee. Eventually, on 28 Agency.Lucknow.Alam-e-Fateh-e-Furat originates from the Daryawali Masjid behind Azadari practices were even observed by March 1938, the Government published Medical College in late evening. This procession ends at the Imambara Ghufran Ma'ab non-Shias, particularly Sunni Muslims of the Allsop Committee's report and stood at around midnight. Lakhs of Shias from Lucknow and the neighbouring districts take lower stratum. Sleeman, who spent by it.The Sunnis were dissatisfied with the part in the procession. considerable time in Lucknow notes that decision of Government to adhere to Alam-e-Shab-e-Ashur of Muharram 9 the Shias and the Sunnis participated with suggestions made in Allsop Committee Alam-e-Shab-e-Ashur originates from Imambada Nazim Saheb located on Victoria equal enthusiasm in practices of report and started a civil disobedience Street in late evening. After the Shahi processions of 1st Muharram and 7th Muharram Muharram. Riots took place in 1908, movement. In late April 1938, Zafrul this is one of the oldest procession in first 10 days of Muharram in Lucknow that started 1930s, 1968, 1969, 1974 and 1977. The Malik and Abdul Shakur, the two main in 1926 by Late Qaiser Husain Rizvi. In 1361(AH) to mark the 1300 years of the event Government of Uttar Pradesh banned the leaders of Madhe-Sahaba movement with of Karbala in memory of Imam Husain, a committee was formed by the name of Yaadgaray processions in 1977. 26 eminent Sunni ulemas declared in a Husaini and this procession in that year was named as Yaadgaray Husaini but after the Even the Shias and Sunnis concede that public meeting that recitation of Madhe- dissolution of the committee in 1939, Qaiser Husain Rizvi again took the responsibility the Shia-Sunni conflict in Lucknow is not Sahaba could not be restricted for even a and since then it is popularly known as Alam e Shab e Ashur. Following his death in long-standing. They date it back to start single day. The next day, bricks were 1971 his nephews continued this tradition up till now.This procession starts from of the 20th century.The first Shia–Sunni thrown at a Shia Tazia procession in Imambada Nazim Sahab and ends at Dargah Abbas (Rustam Nagar)at around close to riot occurred in 1908, when a tazia Patanala; 10 people were killed and several early morning. Several hundreds of thousands (Lakhs) of Shias from Lucknow and procession of Shias was attacked by group dozens injured. Next several months saw a neighboring districts participate in the procession. of militant Sunnis hiding in a Sunni buildup in tensions between Shias and Yaad-e-Sakina " Remembering Bibi Sakina" mosque. After which a four-member Sunnis. To defend themselves and This is a Mourning event organised on the 4th Sunday of the month of Muharram committee under chairmanship of Justice coordinate their civil disobedience every year at Imambara Husainabad Mubarak (The Chhota Imambara), Husainabad. T. C. Piggot, an ICS officer and a judge of campaigns, the Sunnis formed the During this grief-stricken event a temporary small scale replica of the "Qaid Khana" High Court was formed to look into the Anjuman Tahaffuz-e-Namus Sahaba and (Prison or Dungeon) is constructed with a small grave of Bibi Saiyyada Sakina inside matter. The conclusion of committee was the Shias formed the Anjuman Tanzimul this "Qaid Khana" to depict the Agony of Bibi Saiyyada Sakina. Thousands of mourners that "the attempt to transform the tazia Momineen.After negotiations with Sunnis, gather here to visit the "Qaid Khana" and to pay tribute to Bibi Saiyyada Sakina. This processions in honour of first four Caliphs the Congress Government issued, on 31 sorrowful event was first held in the year 1990 A.D. by Late Muhammad Sarfaraz Khan was an innovation. "The personal March 1939, a communique which stated Sahab (Late. Banney Miya Sahab) of Beal Wala Tila, Muftiganj, Lucknow. The members knowledge of those members of the that "the Sunnis will in any circumstances of Anjuman-e-Gulzaar-e-Panjetan take active part in the organisation and management Committee who are well acquainted with be given the opportunity of reciting of this event. SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER,2019 (02) Arrived in India as a common soldier and died Major-General Sanjog Walter. Major General Thomas Arthur Lally in His architectural skills were Claude Martin, John Wombwell, gusto in the social and cultural General Claude Martin was an the Carnatic Wars against the much in demand at Lucknow and assay master, and Johann Zoffany, activities of Lucknow. officer in the French, and later the British East India Company. 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567

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English East India Company's When the French lost their colony 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 army in India. He rose to the of Pondichéry in 1761, he 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567Death Anniversary Special position of Major General in the accepted service in the Bengal 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 Army of the East India Company in 1763, ultimately rising to the his nearness to Nawab Asaf-ud- the painter, surrounded by He had a city residence the rank of Major General. daula gave him a unique servants and Polier's art Farhat baksh and a country He was initially employed at opportunity to participate in the collection. palace, the Constantia. He had the then-new Fort William in making of modern Lucknow. Martin's love of art can be other properties in Lucknow, Calcutta, Bengal (now, West Martin moved to Lucknow seen not only in his acquisition Canpore, Bhazipur and Benaras Bengal), and afterwards on the almost at the same time when of art, but also in the design of as well, from which he got a survey of Bengal under the Asaf-ud-daula shifted the Capital his houses, his friendship with substantial income. English Surveyor General James to Lucknow. Asaf-ud-daulah and noted artists like Renaldi, Keeping his last will and Rennell. In 1776, Martin was Claude Martin became chief Hodges and Zoffany (who testament in view he was a kind allowed to accept the architects of the city of Lucknow. included him in at least two master, concerned about the appointment of Superintendent Raj Bhavan (Hindi for paintings).In a number of cases welfare of his staff and servants. of the Arsenal for the Nawab of 'Government House') is the he used local artists to create work Claude Martin was an astute Awadh, Asaf-ud-Daula, at official residence of the Governor in the style of European artists. businessman with a diversity of Lucknow, retaining his rank but of Uttar Pradesh. Raj Bhavan used His walls were decorated with interests. He was well known for being ultimately placed on half to be called Kothi Hayat Baksh. neo-Greek Wedgwood style his financial skills, and it was said pay. He resided in Lucknow from Major General Claude Martin decorations, his paintings were that he never ran after money, but 1776 until his death. It may be drew the layout of the building by Mughal-trained artists and the made it come to him. Part of his English East India Company's that the French Revolution in 1798 after Nawab Asaf-ud- statues above his palace were immense fortune came from the Bengal Army. Martin was born prevented him from returning "in daula, the East India Company mostly clever reproductions in bank he started at Lucknow. He in Lyon, France, into a humble a carriage". His friend Antoine made Sadaat Ali Khan its new the style of two European lent money to the nawab of background, and was a self-made Polier gave up his Muslim wives ruler. The new ruler liked the statues. Awadh, the largest loan being for man who has left a substantial and children to live in a French buildings designed by Claude Later, Martin's life was mired the sum of £250,000 in 1794, lasting legacy in the form of his chateau and was killed in a Martin. The contract for the in controversy as he had kept two which he apparently retrieved writings, buildings and the criminal assault. However, Martin construction of Kothi was wives of Colonel Polier's, after with difficulty. educational institutions he never gave up his nationality and undertaken by Martin as Polier had departed from India. It Martin was quick to realize founded posthumously. There are died a French national. requested by Saadar Ali Khan. is obvious however that he cared the importance of indigo farming now ten schools named after him, Claude Martin began his Some of the buildings of for his favourite mistress and invested in this profitable two in Lucknow, two in Calcutta career as a dragoon and remained Lucknow which have Martin's Boulone, and she is the subject enterprise in several parts of North and six in Lyon. The small essentially a soldier throughout distinctive touch are: Farhad of a painting by Renaldi in 1795 India. He exported indigo and village of Martin Purwa in India his life, a fighter and a strategist Baksh, Asafi Kothi, Bibiapur, which is still at La Martiniere cloth to Europe in exchange for was also named after him. which explains his extraordinary Barowen and of course the Boys' School in Lucknow today. Spanish dollars. Martin also Claude Martin was born on 5 success in life in spite of Constantia. Renaldi is possibly the started a cannon foundry, January 1735 in the rue de la tremendous odds. Most of Martin's buildings sculptor for a copper and silver introduced a Dutch method of Palme, Lyons, France. He was the Beginning with the French were unique and were copied medal (30 mm in diameter) issued cutting diamonds, made son of Fleury Martin (1708– East India Company he was quick extensively by other designers by Nawab Asaf-uddula, which gunpowder and coined rupees. 755), a casket maker, and Anne to realise the changing power keeping in mind their defence bears Martin's image and his Apart from being a self-made Vaginay (1702–1735), a dynamics and chose to build his against military attack. motto. On the reverse side it says man, Martin was an amateur butcher's daughter.At his local army career with the British East While serving under the in Persian: "Most excellent in scientist and a doctor of sorts. He parish school he excelled in India Company. He was Nawab Asaf-Ud-Dowlah of government, Sword of the Realm, seems to have suffered from mathematics and physics. After recognized for his military talents Awadh, Martin acquired a Supreme amongst Knights, bladder stones in his urinary tract leaving school he was and got important experience in massive fortune of about Rs General Claude Martin the Brave, and in 1782, despite excruciating apprenticed to a local silk various military encounters. His 40,000,00. He built the palace of Courageous in War. 1796- 1797." suffering, he successfully weaver. Martin's family were administrative acumen was also Constantia and his fine house of All the furnishings and attempted a primitive and middle class and by this time well known and it was his Farud Baksh, both of which he treasures of Constantia, as well unorthodox form of lithotripsy they had businesses in mustard, reputation that made Shuja-ud- equipped with luxuries that as those from Martin’s first (breaking the stones via a waxed- vinegar and brandy. His decision daulah the Nawab of Awadh to included a library of some 4,000 Lucknow house, the Farhat wire insertion up the urethra). to go into the silk yarn business request for his services at volumes written in many Buksh, were auctioned on his Martin sent details of the did therefore not go down well Lucknow. languages and a picture gallery death, as he had requested. The operation to the Company of with his family. His service with the Nawab as containing a fine collection of great chandeliers were bought for Surgeons in London and, In 1751 at the age of 16 Martin well his return to military action works of art. At his death, the Government House (now Raj notwithstanding initial decided to seek his fortune during the attack on Tipu at Claude's collection included Bhawan) in Calcutta, where they scepticism among bladder abroad, and he signed up with the Seringpatnam shows that his over 650 Company style still hang, but the majority of his surgeons, it appears to have been French Compagnie des Indes. His military prowess remained intact paintings of birds which were collection was dispersed to accepted as the first recorded mother is reported to have said even in his later years. He was painted by Mughal-trained private buyers. operation of its kind. that he should not return from promoted to the ranks of Colonel painters.Black Stork in a During Martin's stay in Claude Martin's wide interests enlisting as a soldier until he was (in 1793) and Major General (in Landscape, now in the Lucknow, he acquired significant included hot air balloons and he "in a carriage". He was posted to 1795) as a special case, since the Metropolitan Museum of Art in wealth as part of the ruling was instrumental in introducing India where he served under foreign soldiers in the East India New York, is one of these. coterie; he was in charge of the a montgolfier to the Nawab and Commander and Governor Company were allowed to rise to Colonel Antoine Polier, a state arsenal, designed and aristocracy of Lucknow in 1785 Joseph François Dupleix and the rank of Major only. Swiss engineer and architect, constructed many buildings, and less than two years after its flight acquired vast tracts of land. in France. This favourable set of Martin was a charitable circumstances catapulted Martin person and philanthropist by into the upper crust of Lucknow heart as is reflected in the and he had to conform to the following excerpt from his last social mores of a contemporary will and testament: society. Given his "I give and bequeath the sum unconventional views (as of one hundred and fifty thousand revealed in his Will) this rupees for to be placed at Interest transition must have been not too in the most secure manner difficult. He most probably possible in the East India enjoyed his role as a nabob. Company or Government papers He gave regular parties for the bearing interest and that interest British as well as the nawabi to be employed for the poor first aristocracy and participated with Continue On Page 07 SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW,07SEPTEMBER,2019(03) "Sky Is The Limit" : Neeraja Bhanot Agency.Lucknow. Neerja Bhanot turned sour following dowry cabin crew member on board, took term in Colorado. 4 others were perseveres and then helps other AC was a flight attendant for Pan pressure and she returned to her charge.The hijackers were part of freed from Pakistan's Adyala Jail women in similar social distress. Am, based in Mumbai who was parents' home in Mumbai within the terrorist Abu Nidal in January 2008. The FBI The award includes a sum of INR murdered while saving two months. She then applied for Organization and were backed by announced a $5 million bounty 1,50,000, a trophy and a passengers from terrorists on a flight attendant job with Pan Libya. The terrorists then on their heads. In January 2010, citation.Bhanot's brother Aneesh board the hijacked Pan Am Flight Am, and upon selection, went to instructed Bhanot to collect the Pakistani intelligence officials went to Washington DC in 2005 73 on 5 Sept. 1986. Miami for training as a flight passports of all the passengers so announced that a drone attack to receive the 'Justice for Crimes Posthumously, she became the attendant but returned as that they could identify the in the North Waziristan tribal Award' awarded posthumously to youngest recipient of India's purser.Neerja Bhanot was the Americans. Neerja Bhanot and the region had killed one of the her as part of the 'Annual Crime other attendants under her charge released hijackers, Jamal Saeed Rights Week' at a ceremony held hid the passports of the 41 Abdul Rahim. His death was at the United States Attorney's Americans on board – some under never confirmed and he remains office for the District of a seat and the rest down a rubbish on the FBI's Most Wanted Columbia.In 2006, she and the chute.After 17 hours, the hijackers Terrorists and Rewards for other Pan Am Flight 73 flight opened fire and set off explosives. Justice lists. "Her loyalties to the attendants and Pan Am's flight Bhanot opened the emergency passengers of the aircraft in director for Pakistan were door and helped a number of distress will forever be a lasting awarded the Special Courage passengers escape. She could have tribute to the finest qualities of award by the US Department of been the first to jump out when the human spirit".For her Justice.A square called Neerja she opened the door but she bravery, the Government of Bhanot Chowk is named after her decided not and was shot while India posthumously awarded her in Mumbai's Ghatkopar (East) shielding three children from a the Ashoka Chakra Award suburb by the Mumbai hail of bullets. Bhanot was (India's highest gallantry award Municipal Corporation, which recognised internationally as "the for bravery in the face of the was inaugurated by Amitabh heroine of the hijack" and is the enemy during peace time), and Bachchan in the early 1990s.The youngest recipient of the Ashok Bhanot became its youngest civil aviation ministry of India Chakra Award, India's most recipient. In 2004 the Indian conferred an honour on Neerja highest peacetime military award senior flight purser on the ill- prestigious gallantry award for Postal Service released a stamp Bhanot posthumously on 18 for bravery, the Ashok fated Pan Am Flight 73, which bravery during peace time.The commemorating her.With the February 2010 in New Delhi on Chakra.Neerja Bhanot was born was hijacked by four heavily hijackers, said to be from the Abu insurance money and an equal the occasion of the launch of the in Chandigarh, the daughter of armed terrorists after it landed at Nidal Organisation, were captured contribution from Pan Am for celebrations of the centenary of Rama Bhanot and Harish Bhanot, Karachi at 5 am from Mumbai. by Pakistan, tried, convicted and using the brand Pan Am in the Indian aviation.A forthcoming a Mumbai-based journalist. She PA 73 was en route to Frankfurt sentenced to death in 1988. Their title, Bhanot's parents set up the movie is to be made about was an alumna of Sacred Heart and onward to New York City. sentences were later commuted to Neerja Bhanot Pan Am Trust. The Bhanot, with Sonam Kapoor Senior Secondary School, Bhanot alerted the cockpit crew life in prison.In 2001, Zayd trust presents two awards every playing role of Neerja.Neerja Chandigarh, Bombay Scottish about the hijack and, as the plane Hassan Abd Al-Latif Masud Al year, one for a flight crew Bhanot is survived by two School and St. Xavier's College, was on the tarmac, the three- Safarini, one of the hijackers who member, worldwide, who acts brothers, Akhil and Aneesh. Her Mumbai. Neerja Bhanot had an member American cockpit crew shot the passengers, was captured beyond the call of duty and father, Harish Bhanot, worked as arranged marriage in March 1985 of pilot, co-pilot and the flight by the FBI in Bangkok after being another to an Indian woman who, a journalist with The Hindustan and joined her husband in the engineer fled from the aircraft. released by Pakistan. He is when faced with social injustice Times for over 30 years and died Gulf. However, the marriage Bhanot, being the senior-most currently serving 160-year prison such as dowry or desertion on 1 January 2008 in Chandigarh Hero of Heroes Agency.Lucknow.Company and then to Misamari. A young the new defence plan of the along the Khem KaranAmritsar tarnished the reputation of the Quartermaster Havildar Abdul officer, 2 Lt GVP Rao had been Division, 4 Grenadiers, along road. On 8 September, the enemy M48 Patton and after the 1965 Hamid, PVC was a soldier in the awarded a posthumous Maha Vir with three other battalions of the made repeated probing attacks on war, the M48 was largely replaced the 4th Grenadiers position. The by the M60. India set up a war 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 battalions recoilless weapons and memorial named "Patton Nagar"

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 automatics were effectively sited in Khemkaran District, where the

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567Death Anniversary Special by Hamid's company officer, Lt captured Pakistani Patton tanks 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 H. R. Jahnu and 2Lt V. K. Vaid. are displayed. On 10 September 4th Battalion, The Grenadiers of Chakra, the highest gallantry division formed a defence line That afternoon Abdul Hamid 1965 Pakistan forces launched an the Indian Army, who died in the medal received by the battalion between Assal Uttar and Chima destroyed two Patton tanks, the attack with a regiment of Patton Khem Karan sector during the villages on the commander of one of which tanks on a vital area ahead of Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 in Khem Karan asked Hamid for directions just village Cheema on the the Battle of Asal Uttar, and was Bhikhiwind- before Hamid destroyed the tank. Bhikkiwind road in the Khem the posthumous recipient of the Amritsar road and On 10 September 1965 at 0800 Karan Sector. Intense artillery Republic of India's highest the Patti axis. 4 hours, a battalion of Pakistani shelling preceded the attack. The military decoration, the Param Vir Grenadiers was on armour supported by Patton enemy tanks penetrated the Chakra. Abdul Hamid was born the northern flank tanks attacked the 4th Grenadier forward position by 0900 hours. in a Muslim family at Dhamupur in general area of positions but was unable to locate Realising the grave situation, village of Ghazipur District of Chima village the battalion's defences. The Company Quartermaster Uttar Pradesh on 1 June 1933, the while other attack preceded by intense Havildar Abdul Hamid who was son of Mohammad Usman . battalions were to artillery bombardment to soften commander of a RCL gun Abdul Hamid was enrolled into the south ending the target and to garner a heavy detachment moved out to a The Grenadiers infantry regiment with its sister fire in an attempt to draw Indian flanking position with his gun as army number 239885 on 27 since Independence till Hamid's battalion, 7 Grenadiers, in Asal response. By 0900 hours, the mounted on a jeep, under intense December 1954. He was later own award eclipsed it. After five Uttar village itself. Earlier the enemy tanks had penetrated the enemy shelling and tank fire. posted in the 4th Battalion of the years of service in the anti-tank battalion had captured its forward company positions. In Taking an advantageous regiment where he served all his section Abdul Hamid had objective on the Ichhogil canal the melee, Hamid saw a group of position, he knocked out the service life. During his service, recently been promoted and but being outflanked by the Pattons heading towards his leading enemy tank and then Abdul Hamid served with his given charge of quartermaster Pakistani counteroffensive was battalion defences. Seeing the swiftly changing his position, he battalion in Agra, Amritsar, stores of his company. As he was ordered back to new positions. It gravity of the situation, he moved sent another tank up in flames. Jammu & Kashmir, Delhi, NEFA the best 106mm recoilless rifle had already been in combat for out to a flank with his gun By this time the enemy tanks in and Ramgarh. During the shot in the battalion, he was more than 24 hours when it began mounted on a jeep. Intense enemy the area spotted him and brought SinoIndian War of 1962, Hamid's reverted to his former charge as digging trenches and weapon shelling and tank fire did not his jeep under concentrated battalion was part of 7th Infantry NCO commanding the battalion's pits in its defensive positions. deter him. He fired continuously machine-gun and high explosive Brigade commanded by recoilless rifle platoon. In the The battalion defended area was knocking out three Pattons one fire. Undeterred, Company Brigadier John Dalvi, and Lahore sector of operations, 4 covered with cotton and after another but was killed by Quartermaster Havildar Abdul participated in the battle of Mountain Division of India, sugarcane fields and the tank fire from the fourth before Hamid kept on firing on yet Namka Chu against the Chinese. having been rebuffed in its battalion was able to camouflage he could engage it. Successful another enemy tank with his Surrounded and cut off, the advance to the Ichhogil by the its location, using ploughed actions by Indian armour, artillery recoilless gun. While doing so, battalion had made a fighting Pakistani counter-offensive, fell fields for field of fire. The 106mm and infantry anti-tank actions, he was mortally wounded by an breakaway into Bhutan by foot back to the Khem Kharan area. In recoilless guns were deployed such as those of Abdul Hamid, Continue On Page 07 EDITORIAL SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW,07 SEPTEMBER,2019(04) Discipline is the most important thing in everyone’s life Discipline is something which keeps everyone under good control. It motivates a gives us a valuable lesson in the life. The seasons come and go in right pattern, sky rains person to go ahead in the life and get success. Every one of us has experienced discipline and stops, etc becomes at right time to make our lives in balance. So, we too need to be in different forms according to their own requirement and understanding towards life. It in discipline to maintain the life cycle on this earth. We have lots of responsibilities to availability of it in everyone’s life is very necessary to go on the right path. Without our life, parents, teachers, family, environment, atmosphere, etc. As a human being, we discipline life becomes inactive and useless as nothing go according to the plan. If we have great mind to think, decide about right or wrong, and implement our plans to need to implement our strategy in right way about any project to be completed, we need change it into action. So, we are highly responsible to know the necessity and importance to be in discipline first. Discipline is generally of two types. One is induced discipline in of this discipline in our lives.Indiscipline causes lots of confusion in the life and makes which we learn to be in discipline by others and another one is self-discipline which a human being irresponsible and lazy. It lowers the confidence level and makes mind comes from own mind to be in discipline. However sometimes, we need motivation from unsure to do anything even a simple work. However, being in discipline lead us ahead someone effective personality to improve our self-discipline habit.We need discipline towards highest ladder of the life.Discipline is being obedient and have self-controlled in many ways at many stages of our life so it is good to practice discipline from the behaviour to follow orders of proper authority. Discipline is of great importance in the childhood. Self-discipline means differently to different people such as for students, it whole life and needed in every walk of life. It is required by everyone who needs to work means motivating ownself to get concentrated on the study and complete assignments on any project seriously. It we do not obey and follow the orders, rules of the superiors; in right time. However, for working person, it means to get up from bed on time in the definitely we would suffer problems and may be failure.We should always be in discipline morning, do exercise to get fit, go to office on time, and do job tasks properly. Self- and obey the order of our parents and teachers to be successful in our lives. We should discipline is highly required by everyone to have, as in modern time no one has time for get up from the bed in the early morning. We should drink water and go to toilet to fresh, others to motivate towards being in discipline. Without discipline one can be failure in brush our teeth, take bath and then take our healthy breakfast. We should never go to the life, she/he cannot enjoy academic success or other success in the career.Self- school without taking food. We should do our homework in clean and neat way at right discipline is required in every field like dieting (it needs to control over fatty and junk time. We should never deny, disrespect, and unhappy our parents and follow their all foods), regular exercise (it needs to concentrate), etc. One can get health disorders and orders. We should go to school at right time and in the proper uniform. In the classroom, fatty body without control over food so it needs discipline. Parents need to develop self- we should do prayer to the God according to the school norms. We should follow the discipline habits as they need to teach their kids a good discipline. They need to motivate teacher’s orders, do proper work in good hand writing and learn everything in right them all time to behave well and do everything at right time. Some naughty children do manner.We should not misbehave with the teachers, principal, maid, gate keepers or not follow their parent’s discipline, in such cases parents need to have dare and patience students. We should behave well with all whether at home, school, office or other places. to teach their naughty children. Everyone has different time and capacity to learn the No one can achieve anything big in the life without discipline. Thus, we all should meaning of discipline according to the nature. So, never give up and always try to get in follow obey of our parents and teachers to be a successful person in the life.Discipline is discipline, as a small step can be converted to large step a day .Discipline is the act of the right way of doing things in well behaved manner. It needs a control over the mind keeping our body, mind and soul under control and does all the works in right manner and body. Somebody has natural property of self-discipline however somebody has to by following the orders of the parents, teachers or elders of the family. It is the act to train develop it inside them. Discipline is the ability to control on the feeling and do right our mind to accept rules and regulations to be in discipline. We can see the example of thing at right time as well as overcome the weaknesses. Life without discipline is real discipline in every natural resource in our daily lives. Sun rises and sets at right time incomplete and unsuccessful. We need to follow some rules by respecting our elders and every day, moon rises and sets at right time, morning and evening come daily without seniors.It is very necessary tool for everyone in every walk of life whether at home, getting late, river always run, parents always love, teachers always teach us and many office, playground or other place. Our daily lives would become unorganized if we do more. So why we should be back in our life, we too should follow all the discipline not follow the discipline. Everything in this world has discipline and organized by the necessary in our lives to go ahead without suffering from problems.We should follow discipline. Air, water and land give us the way to live life. The whole world, country, parents, teachers and our elders. We should listen them to know about their experiences society, community, etc would become disorganized without discipline as everything and learn from their wins and failures. Whenever we start looking deeply atanything, it needs discipline. Discipline is the nature which exists in everything made by the nature. The Beginning Genesis 1-1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth produce living creatures according to their kinds: the livestock, the creatures that move was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God along the ground, and the wild animals, each according to its kind.” And it was so. 25 was hovering over the waters. God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their 3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And good, and he separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the God saw that it was good. darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning the first day. 26 Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they 6 And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the water.” 7 So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water wild animals and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” above it. And it was so. 8 God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there 27 So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; was morning the second day. male and female he created them. 9 And God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry 28 God blessed them and said to them, “Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the ground appear.” And it was so. 10 God called the dry ground “land,” and the gathered earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and over every waters he called “seas.” And God saw that it was good. living creature that moves on the ground.” 11 Then God said, “Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees 29 Then God said, “I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds.” And it was so. earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. 30 And to 12 The land produced vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees all the beasts of the earth and all the birds in the sky and all the creatures that move along bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. 13 the ground everything that has the breath of life in it I give every green plant for food.” And there was evening, and there was morning the third day. And it was so. 14 And God said, “Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from 31 God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and the night, and let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, 15 and let there was morning the sixth day. them be lights in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth.” And it was so. 16 God Genesis 2- 2 Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all their vast array. 2 made two great lights the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day the night. He also made the stars. 17 God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on he rested from all his work. 3 Then God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, the earth, 18 to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done. God saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening, and there was morning the fourth Adam and Eve day. 4 This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created, when the 20 And God said, “Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above Lord God made the earth and the heavens. the earth across the vault of the sky.” 21 So God created the great creatures of the sea and 5 Now no shrub had yet appeared on the earth and no plant had yet sprung up, for the every living thing with which the water teems and that moves about in it, according to Lord God had not sent rain on the earth and there was no one to work the ground, 6 but their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. streams came up from the earth and watered the whole surface of the ground. 7 Then the 22 God blessed Lord God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the them and said, breath of life, and the man became a living being. “Be fruitful and 8 Now the Lord God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the FEED BACK increase in man he had formed. 9 The Lord God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground trees If you have any complaint/issue in your area, block, number and fill that were pleasing to the eye and good for food. In the middle of the garden were the tree ward or district, please feel free to write us. We will forward the water in the of life and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. your complaint to the concerned officer, department or seas, and let the 10 A river watering the garden flowed from Eden; from there it was separated into minister. If your MP,MLA or Corporator are not fulfilling their birds increase on four headwaters. 11 The name of the first is the Pishon; it winds through the entire land responsibilities properly, write to us about them. We will the earth.” 23 And of Havilah, where there is gold. 12 (The gold of that land is good; aromatic resin and forward your complaints/applications to the proper there was onyx are also there.) 13 The name of the second river is the Gihon; it winds through the authorities. You are a responsible citizen and it is your duty evening, and entire land of Cush. 14 The name of the third river is the Tigris; it runs along the east side to be aware of the issues of public interest. Your write ups, there was of Ashur. And the fourth river is the Euphrates. features and news pieces are also welcomed. morning the fifth 15 The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take [email protected], day. care of it. 16 And the Lord God commanded the man, “You are free to eat from any tree PH:0522-2970481, 24 And God in the garden; 17 but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, MB:094157- 68680. said, “Let the land for when you eat from it you will certainly die.”Continue On Page 07 SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER,2019 (05) 'Father of the White Revolution' Agency.Lucknow. Verghese Kurien, known as the 'Father of the White Revolution' The farmers faced a problem of fluctuating milk production as surplus milk would in India,was a social entrepreneur whose "billion-litre idea", Operation Flood, the world's find no takers in the flush season, and turned to the cooperative for help, where an idea largest agricultural dairy took root to try convert this surplus to milk powder. Kurien's batchmate from America development programme, made and dairy engineer H. M. Dalaya, who he persuaded to stay back at Anand after a mere dairy farming India's largest self- visit, invented the process of making skim milk powder and condensed milk from sustaining industry and the largest buffalo milk, instead of from cow milk, said impossible by dairy experts around the rural employment provider, being world. In India, buffalo milk was plentiful while, cow milk was in short supply, unlike a third of all rural income,with Europe where it was abundant. This was the reason Amul would compete successfully benefits of raising incomes and and well against Nestle, the leading competitor, which used cow milk to make them, and credit, riddance of debt later against Glaxo for baby food. Later research by Dr. G. H. Wilster led to cheese dependence, nutrition, education, production from buffalo milk at Amul. To cut costs, Kurien got a captive packaging-tin health, gender parity and unit attached to the dairy in a collaboration. empowerment, breakdown of caste Amul thus got dairy farmers organised in the villages and linked them directly to barriers and grassroots democracy consumers in the market by eliminating middlemen, ensuring them a steady and a and leadership.It made India the regular income even during the lean season, and a better quality produce at a competitive world's largest milk producer from price, to the consumer in the large market of the reachable Bombay city, on a steady a milk-deficient nation, which supply over well-paved village "milk roads" and a 'cold-chain'. It then took on established doubled milk available per person competitors, viz. government-run Aarey dairy's Bombay Milk Scheme and private-run and increased milk output four-fold, in 30 years. Polson dairy, in the Bombay market, and gained a share with these products along with He pioneered the 'Anand pattern' of dairy cooperatives to replicate it nationwide, its famed butter. based on using suitable 'top-down' and 'bottom up' approaches simultaneously, to He and his mentor Tribhuvandas were backed by quite a few political leaders and essentially a low-input, low-output Amul, his standalone cooperative then, and today bureaucrats of India's largest food brand, where no milk from a farmer was refused and 70–80% of the Awards and honours the time who price by consumers went as cash to dairy farmers who controlled the marketing, the In 2014, all the dairy majors of the country, along with the saw merit in procurement and the processing of milk and milk products as the dairy's owners, while Indian Dairy Association, resolved to observe Kurien's their hiring professionals for their skills and inducting technology, in managing it. A key birthday, November 26, as National Milk Day. pioneering invention at Amul, the world's first, was the production of milk powder from the abundant 1999Padma Vibhushan-Government of India-1997 cooperative buffalo-milk, instead of from the conventional cow-milk, short in supply in India. Keen Order of Agricultural Merit -Ministry of Agriculture, France model, of on a strong linkage between town and country, he surmounted skepticism and adversity 1993 International Person of the Year-World Dairy Expo farmers with his indefatigable fighting spirit and outmaneuvering skills to capture a commanding 1989 World Food Prize- World Food Prize Foundation willing to share of the market of the city of Bombay (now, Mumbai), which got him wide attention. 1986 Wateler Peace Prize-Carnegie Foundation associate He had the foresight to shrewdly use the clout resulting from its recognition, by (Netherlands) 1986 Krishi Ratna-Government of India- 1966 together for employing his networking skills and resources at his command effectively, in negotiating 1965 Padma Shri Government of India their produce international help and support from the governments of at least nine prime ministers of 1963 Ramon Magsaysay Award Ramon Magsaysay Award and willing to the country over more than five decades, all on terms set by him, making everyone who Foundation be led by mattered come to Anand in Bombay's hinterland, where he stayed put, to see his showpiece professionals venture, rather than meet them in the capital cities. Termed "a crocodile who swims in even whilst being owners of the cooperative. The nation had just gained political freedom milk",he would steadfastly stave off meddling by politicians and bureaucrats while from a colonial power who the leaders had seen extorting land tax unjustly from farmers building his cooperatives to national scale and founding institutions, and encroachment in the face of crop failure. There had been many famines over the duration of that regime, by multinational companies on markets nurtured by him. so leaders were concerned over food security of the population. Being a newly He also made India self-sufficient in edible oils, taking on a powerful, entrenched independent nation, there was a desire to gain self-sufficiency in its consumed produce and violently resistant oil supplying cartel. Regarded as one of the greatest proponents and therefore the thrust to indigenous production to substitute imports. Moreover, these of the cooperative movement in the world where, by unleashing the power of the people nationalist leaders were influenced by socialist ideals of formation of social capital through people's own institutions, production by masses triumphs over mass-production, more than the formation of capital assets, and the Gandhian philosophy of production his work has lifted millions out of poverty in India and outside. by masses triumphing mass-production in a resource-constrained nation. At the same He was born on 26 November 1921 in Kozhikode, Kerala to a Syrian Anglican time, the new government's policies were open to the skills and learnings of modern family. and schooled at Diamond Jubilee Higher Secondary School, Gobichettipalayam, experts, research and high-technology and aid from worldwide. in Coimbatore district (now in Erode district, Tamil Nadu) while his father worked as a That the initial lot of farmers all belonged to the single clan of Tribhuvandas's civil surgeon at the government hospital there. He joined Loyola College in Madras predominant caste-grouping also helped in bringing all of them together quickly, as a (now, Chennai) at the age of 14, graduating in science with physics in 1940, and then single cooperative union before farmers from other castes took interest and joined in. got a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the College of Engineering, Rather than focusing directly on removing caste and class conflicts which get entrenched Guindy which at that time was part of University of Madras, in 1943 He had to fend for as vested interests, instead, he worked singularly on the belief that economic self- himself as he was young for his age in every class. This according to him, developed his interest of all sections of the village-society would make them align together to grow sense of independence. He lost his father at 22 and his grand-uncle moved his family to their cooperative. his home in Trichur (now Thrissur). A keen military cadet and a boxer at college, when Amul's cooperative dairying venture succeeded and word spread around. Dignitaries, he wanted to join the army as an engineer, his mother persuaded him to join the Tata researchers and trainees, and common folk alike, would visit Anand to learn more about Steel Technical Institute, Jamshedpur on a recommendation to the management by his it. Earlier, then prime minister Nehru, had already visited Anand to inaugurate Amul's uncle, who was a director with the Tatas, and from where he graduated in 1946, but soon plant, the largest in Asia, and embraced Kurien for his groundbreaking work. found himself wanting to get away from the hangers-on and yesmen of his uncle. In 1956, Kurien visited Nestle in their home country, on the commerce and industries So he left and applied for a government of India scholarship, and was chosen to minister's concern to ask them to bring down imported inputs of their Indian production study dairy engineering, an irrelevant discipline, much to his surprise and reluctance, and have more Indians inducted, but they told him that making condensed milk "could but this time his uncle (by now, the finance minister) refused to bail him out. He was not be left to the natives". He stormed out of that meeting after giving them an earful, thus, sent to the Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry in Bangalore (now, National came back and ramped up Amul's production and market of condensed milk, and after Dairy Research Institute, southern station, Bengaluru) where he spent nine months, and two years got the government to ban the import of condensed milk into the country. merely bid time out to be sent to America. Here too, by choosing some dairying electives, Amul faced serious competition from imported butter, especially from New Zealand. rather perfunctorily, at Michigan State University, he returned with a master's degree in The then finance minister came to trust Kurien so much, that whenever Kurien would mechanical engineering, instead, in 1948. While there, when he found himself at the ask him to cut imports of butter it would be done every time, in tandem with a mere receiving end of racist jibes, in his words, "the Indian in him, saw him put the natives promise of an incremental increase of his production to make good any shortage. And back in their place".Later, he would say, "I was sent to ... study dairy engineering (on the every single time he kept his word and the markets never faced any shortage of butter. only government scholarship left) ... I cheated a bit though,and studied metallurgical During the 1962 Indo-China war, the government depended on Kurien to step up supplies and nuclear engineering, disciplines ... likely to be of far greater use to my soon-to-be to the army. He had to divert these away from his civilian market. When Polson sensed independent country and, quite frankly, to me." He did train in dairy technology, with a an undue advantage in this and started grabbing his market share, Kurien was blunt to sense of purpose eventually, in 1952-53, on a government sponsorship to New Zealand, him and made sure the government froze Polson's production lines, as part of the war a bastion of cooperative dairying then, and to Australia, when he had to learn to set up effort. the Amul dairy. In 1949, Kurien was sent by the government of India to its run-down, In 1965, Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri tasked Kurien to replicate the dairy's experimental creamery at Anand, in Bombay province (later Bombay state and now part Anand pattern nationwide for which, the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) of Gujarat state since 1960), and began to work rather half-heartedly, to serve out his was founded under Kurien on his conditions, that it be independent of governmental bond-period against the scholarship given by them for his master's degree. He began to control and that it be set up at Anand, away from the capitals and closer to farmers. while away his time going off to Bombay city on weekends and on some pretext of work Kurien was mindful of meddling by the political class and bureaucrats sitting in the or else, volunteering to tinker with the primitive dairy equipment of Tribhuvandas capital cities, letting it be known upfront. Patel, who sought his help to process the milk of farmers he had brought together after a He was bold in dealing with donors like the UNICEF for aid, and confronted the New strike in 1946, forming a cooperative society to purchase their milk, at Kaira (now, Zealand government and a powerful lobby in countries which, he realised with some Kheda) nearby. He had already made up his mind to quit the government job mid-way foresight, wanted to "convert aid into trade" for their companies, at a cross-purpose to and leave Anand but, was persuaded by Tribhuvandas to stay back with him after his wanting India to convert aid to become self-made. As what the donors would quitting them, and help him set up his dairy. Tribhuvandas's efforts and the trust placed eventually come to want, would have harmed his fledgling dairies, instead, he used the in him by farmers inspired Kurien to dedicate himself to establishing that dairy proceeds from the sale of that "mountains and lakes" of dumped aid in the Indian cooperative, Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers' Union Limited (KDCMPUL) markets as his "billion-litre idea" to stem the movement of high-yield cattle of native (which came to be known popularly as Amul dairy), at Anand. breeds to urban areas, which subsequently, Continue On Page 07 SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER,2019 (06) Remembering Bharat Ratna Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant Agency.Lucknow-Pandit Legislative Assembly of the continuing even after India's Minister of Uttar Pradesh and association it had been my Govind Ballabh Pant was an United Provinces of Agra and independence in 1947. Home Minister. privilege to receive from him not freedom fighter and one of the Oudh. His judicious reforms and In 1960, he suffered a heart only consideration but also architects of modern India. Known as an extremely stable governance in the Uttar attack. He was treated by top affection. This is no time to assess Alongside Mahatma Gandhi, capable lawyer, Pant was Pradesh stabilised the economic doctors in India, including his his labour and his achievements. Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabh appointed by the Congress party condition of the most populous friend Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy, The grief is too intense for words. Bhai Patel, Pant was a key figure to initially represent Ramprasad State of India. Among his the then Chief Minister of West I can only pray for peace to his Bismill, achievements in that position Bengal. His health started soul and strength to those who Ashfaqulla was the abolition of the zamindari deteriorating and he died on 7 loved and admired him”.Govind Khan and system. Also he passed the Hindu March 1961 at the age of 74, from Ballabh Pant's son, Krishna other Code Bill and made monogamy a cerebral stroke. At that time he Chandra Pant, was also a revolutionaries compulsory for Hindu men and was still in office as the Home politician. He comes from a involved in gave the Hindu women the rights Minister of India.Mourning him, family of bureaucrats, Army, the Kakori of divorce and inheritance to Dr Rajendra Prasad, the then Police personnel and scientists. case in the ancestral property. His rich and President of India was quoted as His close relative H.C Pant mid 1920s. In judicious experience was sought saying,“I had known Pandit served as the undersecretary in 1930, he was in India’s political capital. Pant Govind Ballabh Pant since 1922 the Ministry of Tele arrested and moved from Lucknow to New and in this long period of communications. imprisoned Delhi to be sworn in as Cabinet for several Minister without Portfolio in the Institutions and monuments weeks for Union Cabinet on 3 January Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, Allahabad-Govind organising a 1955.Pant served as Union Home Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar Salt March Minister from 1955–1961.Pant Govind Ballabh Pant High Altitude Zoo, Nainital-Govind inspired by was appointed Minister of Home Ballabh Pant Engineering College, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand- Gandhi's Affairs in the Union Cabinet on Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi-Govind Ballabh Pant earlier 10 January 1955 in New Delhi Engineering College, Delhi-Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of actions. In by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru. As Home Technology (G.B Pant Polytechnic), New DelhiGovind Ballabh Pant 1933, he was Minister, his chief achievement Children Hospital, Srinagar-Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of arrested along was the re-organisation of States Himalayan Environment and Development, Almora, Uttarakhand- with Harsh along linguistic lines. He was Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar is an Artificial lake at Sonebhadra, Devalso responsible for the Uttar Pradesh-Govind Ballabh Pant Memorial Government Post Bahuguna establishment of Hindi as an Graduate College, Rampur Bushahr-Government Govind Ballabh (Gandhi of official language of the central Pant Polytechnic, Mohan Road, Lucknow-Govind Ballabh Pant in the movement for India's Choukot) and imprisoned for government and a few states. Chhatra Bhawan, Belgachia, Kolkata-Govind Ballabh Pant Independence and later a pivotal seven months for attending a During his tenure as the Home Hospital, Agartala, Tripura-Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Port figure in the Indian Government. session of the then-banned Minister, Pant was awarded the Blair, Andaman Nicobar Islands-Uttarakhand Mahaparishad is a He was one of the foremost provincial Congress. In 1935, the Bharat Ratna. on 26 January socity NGO at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-Pant on a 1965 stamp of political leaders of Uttar Pradesh ban was rescinded, and Pant 1957 for his selfless service as an India-Pant on a 1988 stamp of India-Statue of Pant at Mall Road, (then known as United Provinces) joined the new Legislative Independent activist, Chief Nainital- Statue of Pant near Sansad Bhavan, New Delhi and a key player in the Council. During the Second unsuccessful movement to World War, Pant acted as the establish Hindi as the national tiebreaker between Gandhi's language of Indian Union. faction, which advocated Today, as a mark of tribute, supporting the British Crown in several Indian hospitals, their war effort, and Subhas educational institutions and Chandra Bose's faction, which foundations bear his name. To advocated taking advantage of honour his exemplary services to the situation to expel the British the nation, Pant received India's Raj by all means necessary. In highest civilian honour, the 1934, the Congress ended its Bharat Ratna, in 1957. boycott of the legislatures and Govind Ballabh Pant was put up candidates, and Pant was born on 10 September 1887 in elected to the Central Legislative Khoont village on the slopes of Assembly. His political skills Shyahi Devi hill near Almora, in won the admiration of the leaders a Karhade Brahmin family his of the Congress, and he became father migrated Pune deputy leader of the Congress Maharashtra to Uttar Pradesh. party in the Assembly. having their roots in In 1940, Pant was arrested and Maharashtra. His mother's name imprisoned for helping organise was Govindi Bai. His father the Satyagraha movement. In Manorath Pant was a government 1942 he was arrested again, this official who was constantly on time for signing the Quit India the move, and hence Govind was resolution, and spent three years brought up by his maternal in Ahmednagar Fort along with grandfather, Badri Dutt Joshi, an other members of the Congress important government official working committee until March locally, who played a significant 1945, at which point Jawaharlal part in moulding his personality Nehru pleaded successfully for and political views. Pant's release, on grounds of Pant studied at Allahabad failing health. University and subsequently Premier of United Provinces worked as a lawyer in Kashipur. 1937/ Chief Minister of Uttar Here, he began active work Pradesh 1950.Pant took over as against the British Raj in 1914, the Chief Minister of the United when he helped a local parishad, Provinces from 1937 to 1939. or village council, in their In 1945, the British Labour successful challenge of coolie government ordered new begar, a law requiring locals to elections to the Provincial provide free transportation of the legislatures. The Congress won a luggage of travelling British majority in the 1946 elections in officials. In 1921, he entered the United Provinces and Pant politics and was elected to the was again the Premier, SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER,2019 (07) Continue From Page 02 Arrived in India as a common having divided this Interest in Christians and those of other named James Zulphikar, who was Arrived in India as a common Major-General.He is buried in three portions or parts one – for denominations. It was only in said to have been adopted by soldierand died at Lucknow on this tomb. Pray for his soul." the relief of the poor of Lucknow 1935 that native Indians were Martin. Both figures are dressed the 13th of September,1800, as a of any religion – for the poor of permitted to join the school. in 18th-century Indian costume, Continue From Page 03 and Boulone is holding a fishing rod. Boulone is buried in a purpose-built Muslim tomb in Hero of Heroes the grounds of the College. It is enemy high explosive shell. Havildar Abdul Hamid’s brave action here that a few rupees are given inspired his comrades to put up a gallant fight and to beat back the out once a month to the poor heavy tank assault by the enemy. His complete disregard for his people of Lucknow, in personal safety during the operation and his sustained acts of bravery accordance with the instructions in the face of constant enemy fire were a shining example not only to in Martin's will. his unit but also to the whole division and were in the highest traditions Claude Martin has had his of the Indian Army. The award was announced on 16 September 1965, admirers and detractors. He was less than a week indeed a complex person. Part after the battle that cost his life. The award was presented to his adventurer, part polymath, part spouse, Rasoolan Bibi by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, then President colonial agent, part lover of of India during the 1966 Republic Day Parade. Prime Minister Narendra Oriental life, but how did Claude Modi paying tribute to Abdul Hamid at Asal Uttar; 11 November Martin view himself? 2015. In his memory, a mausoleum was constructed on his grave by Chandan Mitra in his book Constant Glory has this self- introspective analysis from Rasoolan Bibi, widow of 1965 Indo-Pak war Martin:"I have always refused to hero and Param Vir Chakra awardee Abdul give up the French nationality, Hamid, passed away in her native Dhamupur but of which France do I belong? village here on 3 rd.August 2019. That of Louis XV, where I have Family sources said 90-year-old Rasoolan Bibi only known misery before had been unwell for some time. embarking on the L'Orient ? That of philosophers, of terror bathing the 4th Grenadiers at Asal Uttar and each year a "mela" is organised on in blood, or that of Bonaparte the date of his martyrdom. The residents of Asal Uttar have named and whose eastern dream has just operate a dispensary, library and school in the village. In his honour, been dissipated, after leaving the Army Postal Service issued a special cover on 10 September 1979. Tipu Sahib alone against the In the 1988 Television serial Param Vir Chakra by Chetan Anand, English? I have collaborated for Abdul Hamid is played by actor Naseeruddin Shah. A pictorial postage his defeat and then after he lost I stamp of value Rs 3 was issued by India Post on 28 January 2000 as Calcutta – for the relief of the Poor Martin never married but, as have been rewarded by some gold part of a set of five postage stamps on gallantry award winners. The of Chandernaggur". a nabob, he had close and long sprinkling on my uniform-a vain stamp had Abdul Hamid's bust on it along with an illustration of a Of all the European relationships with several plaything for my vanity. By my jeep with recoilless rifle. Hamid's widow, Rasoolan Bibi had met adventurers, Claude Martin is mistresses, which was the normal persevarance and hard work I President of India Pratibha Patil in Lucknow in 2008 with a number of singular in that he left the greater practice in that era. His favourite have accumulated a fortune from requests including creation of a military recruitment center in his part of his wealth to a variety of mistress was a girl called Boulone this country which is my second village, converting Hamid's home in Dullapur into a memorial, charities. Being almost entirely (c.1766–1844), who was some motherland. I have not cheated observing the day of his martyrdom as an occasion at the national self-educated, he realised the thirty years younger than Martin. the people who have passively level and help for her grandchildren to get government employment.A value of formalised education He had bought her as a young girl succumbed to the yoke of corrupt memorial to Abdul Hamid was constructed in his home village of and willed a major part of his aged nine. Martin always claimed men." Dhamupur but later fell into neglect. The memorial was renovated in fortune to the creation of three that they lived happily together, Claude Martin died on 13 2011 by the Flags of Honour Foundation on Hamid's 46th death institutions of learning in but Boulone must inevitably September 1800 at the Town anniversary. The renovation included the installation of a new statue Calcutta, Lucknow and in his have harboured feelings of House, Lucknow. According to of him, repair and painting of gates and boundary and improvement birth town of Lyon in France jealousy when Martin introduced his last wishes, he was buried in of the garden. Indian Member of Parliament Rajeev Chandrasekhar, which are all named La younger mistresses into the the vault specially prepared for founder of Flags of Honour, spoke on the occasion. (AGENCY) Martiniere College. household. Boulone is his remains in the basement of The schools all celebrate commemorated in a small gilt- Constantia in Lucknow. The Continue From Page 04 Founder's Day on 13 September, framed painting in the Blue inscription on his tombstone the anniversary of Martin's death. Room of La Martinière. She is reads:Major-General Claude The Beginning Claude Martin's ideas on pictured next to a young boy Martin. 18 The Lord God said, “It is not good for the man to be alone. I will education are reflected in the Continue From Page 01 make a helper suitable for him.” following extract from his 19 Now the Lord God had formed out of the ground all the wild writings:"I have read a lot, pen in animals and all the birds in the sky. He brought them to the man to see hand, often under difficult Azadari in Lucknow what he would name them; and whatever the man called each living conditions, and I know the value besides the top ranking ML leaders such as Raja of Mahmudabad and creature, that was its name. 20 So the man gave names to all the of the first rudiments inculcated Raja of Pirpur would together court arrest.A conference arbitrated by livestock, the birds in the sky and all the wild animals. But for Adam by the parson of St. Saturnin. That Maulana Azad failed to produce a settlement.The next day was the no suitable helper was found. 21 So the Lord God caused the man to is why I divide my fortune in two. Barawafat, and the Sunnis performed a Madhe-Sahaba procession. fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, he took one of the I want to thank all those who The Shias were also allowed a procession, and a riot occurred during man’s ribs and then closed up the place with flesh. 22 Then the Lord have been around me by making which several people were killed. The district authorities banned the God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he their life easier after my death. I public recitation of Madhe-Sahaba and Tabarra in processions and brought her to the man. also want to give the children of meetings held in public places in 1940 (the following year).The Shia- 23 The man said,“This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my both Lyon and India, the Sunni problem of Lucknow persisted through the 1940s.In early 1950s flesh;she shall be called ‘woman,’for she was taken out of man.” instruction which I received with too district administration kept refusing Madhe-Sahaba processions 24 That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to so much difficulty. I want to and counter processions and courts upheld such stands.After unrest in his wife, and they become one flesh. make it easy for young people to the earlier part of the year, a riot occurred on 26 May 1969 after a Shia 25 Adam and his wife were both naked, and they felt no shame. get access to knowledge, procession was brick-batted from a Sunni mosque near Mahmood Genesis 3 specially the sciences." Nagar.Following the ban in 1977 Shia leadership and community The Fall Ironically, Claud Martin had continued to agitate peacefully and annually offered mass arrests 3 Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the willed part of his fortune for the during period of Muharram. These practices for protests continued for Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You education of children in India 20 years until 1997 during which processions were banned on public must not eat from any tree in the garden’?” without specific mention to race roads while majalises and processions were allowed in private campuses 2 The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat fruit from the trees and creed. However, at the turn such as homes, Imambarahs, Karbala, etc. in the garden, 3 but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree of the Nineteenth century the As of 2010 the district administration allows only a limited number that is in the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you attitude of British rulers in India of processions, and security is tight. On 17 December 2010 on day of will die.’” changed to a Victorian and Ashura Shia Sunni clash in Lucknow happened which left three 4 “You will not certainly die,” the serpent said to the woman. 5 imperialist outlook, resulting in injured. “For God knows that when you eat from it your eyes will be opened, the formation of the school in In 2013, on 16 January two people were killed and several more and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” 6 When the woman Calcutta, after 30 years of seriously injured when gunmen fired shots at people coming out of a saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, litigation as meant for European "majlis" at Deputy Saheb ka Imambara in the Wazirganj. The next and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She Christians only, though day, two youths were attacked at a protest while placing the body of also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it permitting Catholics, Armenian one of the victims the Chowk crossing. CONTD. 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567

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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567 SWAPNIL SANSAR,ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 07 SEPTEMBER,2019 (08) Continue From Page 05 'Father of the White Revolution' would face needless slaughter, managers for the cooperatives. as the country opened up all its have proven Kurien's making of with the Billion Litre idea.He reverse this flow by setting up Intervening in markets of other markets to them following cooperative dairying a would network with relatives milksheds and dairies all over the other produce and aiding globalisation, after decades of formidable marketing entity and accomplished in their field and nation and stabilise the markets internationally protection.India became the his opposition to its privatisation often got sound advice and of big cities for their ensuing He prevailed on prime world's largest milk producer by and globalisation correct, with assistance on his work, be it by produce. International experts ministers, Indira Gandhi and 1998, surpassing the United hardly any private corporate or his cousin, Ravi J. Matthai, the who visited Anand, were so Rajiv Gandhi on setting up States of America, with about 17 multinational brand making any first director of IIM at Ahmedabad fascinated by Kurien's work that, cooperatives and plants, and percent of global output in 2010– profit in the markets, right since nearby, on setting up an institute, they would stay back for extended manage the intervention in fruits 11. dairy businesses were opened up from scratch, ground-up (ie. periods of time wanting to work and vegetables and oilseeds and In 1998, he prevailed upon for them, even as Amul and other IRMA), rather than sponsor alongside him. In return, Kurien edible oils markets during their then prime minister Vajpayee to state federations' cooperative students at IIM as the would engage them for their tenures, respectively, like he had appoint Dr. Amrita Patel his brands, surge way ahead cooperative's recruits, or the profitably as market leaders in importance of branding and India, with Amul busy exporting advertising his products from his to many other countries, even wife's brother-in-law. after him. Kurien died after a brief spell Film-maker Shyam Benegal of illness aged 90 on 9 September wanted to make Manthan 2012 at a Nadiad hospital, near ("churning of the milk ocean", in Anand, followed by his wife a few Hindu mythology) a story based months later in Mumbai. She on Amul, but lacked funds. hosted the endless stream of Kurien got his half a million visitors to Anand. She would say member-farmers to contribute a that he worked hard but never token two rupees each for the brought work back home and was making of the movie. It struck a in bed by 9 pm, only to wake up chord with the audience when it in the dead of night to catch the was released in Gujarat in 1976. earliest morning flight after some Truckloads of farmers came to see road travel. Brought up a "their film", making it a success Christian, Kurien later became an at the box office, emboldening atheist, and was cremated. A distributors to release it before daughter and a grandson survive audiences nationwide. It was them. In his later years, on being critically acclaimed and went on asked by his daughter to retire to win national awards the and come stay with her at her following year, was later shown home in another city, he replied on national television and was that Anand was his home and he sent for Oscar. An anti-climax will remain there and never quit starts building up towards the last working. Even as his most expertise on salaries arranged done for milk during Operation successor at NDDB, who he had fifteen minutes of the movie expensive personal possession from the aid money. Flood. Brands resulting from groomed under him consciously where, once external agents have was a mere watch gifted him by The Anand dairy was these - Dhara (Operation Golden to keep government bureaucrats come to a village, overcome his grandson, he would take replicated in Gujarat's districts Flow for cooking oils), Mother away from the post, to protect vested interests, brought villagers pride in the farmers' money around it and he set all of them Dairy (Operation Flood) and NDDB's independence from the together to set up a dairy providing the air-conditioned under Gujarat Co-operative Milk Safal (for vegetables) are government. Later, he had cooperative and then withdrawn, house and luxury-model car at Marketing Federation Ltd. household names today. differences with her on the only to have the village go back his disposal,and spared no (GCMMF) in 1973 to sell their He played a key role in direction she was taking to its old ways, the defining expense with it for constructing combined produce under a single setting up similar cooperatives cooperative dairying by merely moment of the film comes in the a modern IRMA campus and Amul brand. Many states would across India and outside. In 1979, focusing on production and yield last couple of minutes, which facilities for its residents, saying, emulate setting up their Premier Alexei Kosygin invited targets through corporatisation captures the essence of Kurien's "These students are my princes, federations based on this pattern Kurien to the Soviet Union for and competition, at the expense work, and realisation takes hold and if you want to make them with varying degrees of success, advice on the cooperatives there. of weakening the cooperative among a skeptical gathering kings (who will go out to notably, with Karnataka's brand In 1982, Pakistan invited him to institutions of the country, for when an unwearied villager conquer), you cannot have them Nandini, Rajasthan's brand Saras set up dairy cooperatives, where instance, marketing no longer (played by Naseeruddin Shah) stay in a pigsty". and Bihar's brand Sudha, not just he went leading a World Bank remaining with the farmers' tells them, "Arre, kyun nahi Kurien, who spent most of his dominating their respective state mission. cooperatives, getting handed chalegi! Hum sab milke life in Gujarat and gained the markets but intervening in Around 1989, China over to private or corporate chalayenge isko. Kya un logon affection and the respect of its neighbouring states, today. implemented its own Operation interests, as that would mean ki hai yeh! Sisoti aapdi chhe! people, was unable to get any Shastri also took Kurien's help Flood-like programme with the foregoing the ability to Aapdi banaayi!" (And how shall landlord to rent him a room when to set right the government's help of Kurien and the World determine the price to be paid by it run! Heck, we will run it. All of he first arrived in Anand, as mismanaged Delhi Milk Scheme, Food Programme. Then prime consumers, the quality of the us together. No need anyone else! besides being unable to speak where he moved in swiftly to minister Narasimha Rao sought produce to be offered to them, and The cooperative society belongs the language of the place, he was

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 to us, made by us!) "a bachelor, a non-vegetarian and

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 The movie's success led a Christian". He never spoke the

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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 Kurien to another idea. A vet, a language of the state despite 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567Death Anniversary 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567 milk technician and a fodder understanding it later on, nor was break a contractor's cartel and set his help to set up the dairy also losing the 'lion's share' of the specialist, who could explain the he used to drinking milk. prices right in the face of the cooperative of neighbouring Sri money paid by the consumer to value of cross-breeding of milch In 2014, all the dairy majors pampered though politically- Lanka which was done by these corporates, with their cattle, as was shown in the film, of the country, along with the networked section of consumers NDDB, later in 1997, in a cooperatives merely carrying out would tour other parts of the Indian Dairy Association, of the capital city, before they collaboration with them. procurement and processing country in real life along with the resolved to observe Kurien's could lobby against the move. In the 1990s he lobbied and functions and that too at the film's prints, to woo farmers to birthday, November 26, as In 1979, he founded the fought hard to keep diktats of those who would now form cooperatives of their own. National Milk Day. Institute of Rural Management multinational companies from control marketing.He quit as UNDP would use the movie to Kurien either headed or was Anand (IRMA) to groom entering the dairy business even GCMMF chairman in 2006 start similar cooperatives in Latin on the boards of several public following dwindling support America.and show it in Africa. institutions and also received Published by Owner,Publisher,Printer from new members on the Kurien's support was crucial honorary doctorate degrees from Smt.SAIRA BANO Printed At,KHILAFAT PRESS, governing board and mounting in making, the 'Amul girl' ad universities in India and around Near Unity,College, Transformer, Hussainabad, dissent from his proteges, some campaign (advertising with a the world. Lectures by eminent calling his way of working, rather larger public message), one of the speakers are held in his memory, Lucknow -03,Published From,202A/193,5th Lane, late in the day, dictatorial, longest running for decades now, to apply "lessons from the dairy Jawahar Nagar,Lucknow -18 (U.P) backed by political forces and Surabhi, a TV series on Indian sector" through his work, to Editor-SANJOG WALTER, desperate to make inroads into culture, which used to fetch ongoing rural issues such as 'an R.N.I. NO. 63663\95 the cooperative dairy's district millions of postcards from Amul model for pulses' or using unions. viewers, weekly, one of the management strategies for rural ALL DISPUTES ARE SUBJECT TO LUCKNOW The Amul federation, longest running on national India's social organisation or JURISDICTOIN ONLY. GCMMF, continues ridden with television.In 2013, Amar Chitra using his work in organising PH:0522-2970481 factionalism and court disputes Katha brought out the comic funds to promote 'growth with over its control yet,time seems to book Verghese Kurien: The Man justice'.