Then Jesus Said to His Disciples, “Whoever Wants to Be My Disciple Must Deny Themselves and Take up Their Cross and Follow Me
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Anabaptist Religious Literature and Hymnody
CHAPTER TEN ANABAPTIST RELIGIOUS LITERATURE AND HYMNODY John D. Rempel Introduction This study will concern itself with devotional texts that have left a lasting mark on Anabaptism and its descendent movements. All of them were written by adherents of these movements. Modern schol- arship has identified an ever widening diversity in the character and literature of Anabaptism, and so, even within the broad criterion of texts that have had enduring influence further selection needs to be made on the following grounds. To begin with, I sought to represent the diverse expressions of Anabaptism theologically, geographically, and chronologically. My goal was to highlight continuities, discontinuities, and commonalities. In addition, I wanted to draw attention to neglected but formative writers and writings. In the third place, I wanted to give the numerous but little known texts on worship a place within the literature of Anabaptism as a whole. Riedemann’s hymns and Clock’s prayers are illustrative of both points two and three. And finally, I thought it important to show how different authors come to terms with the unstable relationship in much of Anabaptism between inner and outer, Spirit and matter. The consequence of this approach was that a figure of the stature of Michael Sattler is represented only in Golden Apples in Silver Bowls, a compendium of the later Swiss Brethren tradition, leaving the Ausbund to represent that strand’s earlier religiosity. Similarly, Dirk Philips does not have his own entry but his mindset is represented in part by Menno Simons and Thielman van Braght. By the same token, a word needs to be said about including two figures whose ecclesiology—in different ways—is marginal to the movement as a whole, Balthasar Hubmaier and Hans Denck. -
Cathedrals, Churches, Caves Notes on Architecture, History, and Worship
CHAPTER 1 Cathedrals, Churches, Caves Notes on Architecture, History, and Worship he layers of history, the ways the past persists, are easier to see Tin the Old World, where the irony of ancient towers juxtaposed against tattoo parlors and multinational fast-food outlets is inescapable. The smooth and rough children of western Europe at the millennium, in their black designer dresses or their spiked hair and pierced eyebrows, do not spend nights arguing infant baptism, the uses of the sword, or the perils and advantages of a state church, as my ancestors did during the Anabaptist Reformation of 1525. If today’s citizens were to meet to study the New Testament and reach conclusions about its meaning contrary to those of the state church, the worst they would suffer is ridicule. When my wife Marlyce and I crossed ancient European borders no one asked about our passports, let alone our religion; as long as our cash and credit cards held out, we were free as any bird. So we went our quiet way across Holland and France and Switzerland and Ger- many, sometimes simple travelers enjoying the food and the sights, sometimes pilgrims in pursuit of the strange, small traces of our past. We call ourselves Mennonites now, but our people have claimed and been given many names in the last five centuries, as they wandered over Europe and then to many parts of the world in search of places where they might work out their particular, pecu- liar version of the gospel. 5 6 Scattering Point We were in Europe for three weeks, hardly time to discover anything. -
Anabaptist History Unit.Qxd
The Dawn of a New Age BACKGROUND During the next two centuries, the Holy Roman Empire slowly began to decline. Various states—such as England, Germany, and Bohemia—became angry when their tax dollars went toward building bridges in Rome. People from individual states began building loyalty toward those states instead of Rome. The Roman Empire, for all practical purposes, had become divided into smaller social states with their own unique ideals and customs. Other changes took place during the 1300s and 1400s as well. Across the empire, people became intrigued with ancient Greek and Roman philosophy and literature. This period of great awakening set the stage for new ways of thinking. By the early 1500s, corruption in the church had reached its peak. Many bishops, priests, abbots, monks, and popes were living in luxury and sin. The church had gained much wealth and power through the practice of selling indulgences. When a person sinned, he or she would confess the sin to the local priest. The priest would then ask that person to pay a specific fee, according to the seriousness of the sin. This fee was viewed as a guarantee that the sin would be forgiven. People also bought indulgences to release persons they knew from purgatory. Actually, the selling of indulgences was a profitable way to raise money for the government without assessing more taxes. People who were opposed to paying large sums of money in taxes often did not balk at paying small amounts (over time) for the purchase of indulgences. The church split these monies with the gov- ernment. -
Defending the Defenseless: a Radical Return to an Honest Portrayal of Anabaptism
Defending the Defenseless: A Radical Return to an Honest Portrayal of Anabaptism Dr. Emir Caner The Center for Theological Research January 2010 White Paper 32 Published by the Center for Theological Research at www.BaptistTheology.org © 2010 Emir Caner This paper was delivered as part of Radical Reformation Day, 21 January 2010, in the chapel service of Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, Fort Worth, Texas, to commemorate the contributions of our fathers in the faith. Permissions: The purpose of this material is to serve the churches. Please feel free to distribute as widely as possible. We ask that you maintain the integrity of the document and the author’s wording by not making any alterations. For special requests please contact the editorial board for the White Papers for approval at [email protected]. Malcolm B. Yarnell III, Director The Center for Theological Research Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary Fort Worth, Texas Defending the Defenseless A White Paper from the CTR Defending the Defenseless: A Radical Return to an Honest Portrayal of Anabaptism Now It Can be Told—Now It Must be Told January 21, 1525, should be seared in the conscience of all Christians who hold dear the concept of a free church in a free age. On that day, as it has been well documented, a small group of young men gathered in the home of Felix Manz and, without ever knowing it, changed the course of Christianity, perhaps the course of all history. Here, George Blaurock (1491–1529) demanded his good friend Conrad Grebel (1498–1526) to ―baptize him with the true Christian baptism upon his faith and knowledge.‖1 The believer‘s church movement was once again reborn. -
CHURCH HISTORY LITERACY Lesson 56 & 57 Anabaptists
CHURCH HISTORY LITERACY Lesson 56 & 57 Anabaptists, Hutterites, Mennonites, Amish, and Brethren We have studied Luther and his spiritual revolution waged against the Church and government of his day. While Luther was fighting for justification by faith in Germany, another movement to the south was struggling against the religious and governmental powers as well. The scene: Switzerland and Bavaria; the time: 1520’s; the cause: Biblical Christianity. Here, however, the adversary to free religious expression was equally Protestant as it was Catholic. As with Luther, the stage was set for things to happen in the area of human thought and belief. The advent of the printing press made writing more available. The ready availability of writing made literacy more important and useful. Increased literacy brought on the greater sharing of ideas, and western civilization found itself in the midst of a renaissance of learning. The dark ages were moving rapidly into history as civilization moved forward. Understandably, this energy for learning and change affected every arena of public and personal life, and religion was in no way excluded. The effect of putting the Bible in mass distribution and giving people the education to read and understand it was huge. More and more people would read the Bible and question the doctrines and practices the church authorities taught. It was no coincidence that this same renaissance brought on exploration as countries and adventurers set out to find new trade routes and treasures. The discovery of the New World brought a measure of discomfort in the intellect and in faith. People were recognizing that the world was greater than previously thought. -
A Study of Early Anabaptism As Minority Religion in German Fiction
Heresy or Ideal Society? A Study of Early Anabaptism as Minority Religion in German Fiction DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Ursula Berit Jany Graduate Program in Germanic Languages and Literatures The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Professor Barbara Becker-Cantarino, Advisor Professor Katra A. Byram Professor Anna Grotans Copyright by Ursula Berit Jany 2013 Abstract Anabaptism, a radical reform movement originating during the sixteenth-century European Reformation, sought to attain discipleship to Christ by a separation from the religious and worldly powers of early modern society. In my critical reading of the movement’s representations in German fiction dating from the seventeenth to the twentieth century, I explore how authors have fictionalized the religious minority, its commitment to particular theological and ethical aspects, its separation from society, and its experience of persecution. As part of my analysis, I trace the early historical development of the group and take inventory of its chief characteristics to observe which of these aspects are selected for portrayal in fictional texts. Within this research framework, my study investigates which social and religious principles drawn from historical accounts and sources influence the minority’s image as an ideal society, on the one hand, and its stigmatization as a heretical and seditious sect, on the other. As a result of this analysis, my study reveals authors’ underlying programmatic aims and ideological convictions cloaked by their literary articulations of conflict-laden encounters between society and the religious minority. -