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Pakistan-U.S. Relations
Order Code RL33498 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Pakistan-U.S. Relations Updated October 26, 2006 K. Alan Kronstadt Specialist in Asian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Pakistan-U.S. Relations Summary A stable, democratic, economically thriving Pakistan is considered vital to U.S. interests. U.S. concerns regarding Pakistan include regional terrorism; Pakistan- Afghanistan relations; weapons proliferation; the ongoing Kashmir problem and Pakistan-India tensions; human rights protection; and economic development. A U.S.-Pakistan relationship marked by periods of both cooperation and discord was transformed by the September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the ensuing enlistment of Pakistan as a key ally in U.S.-led counterterrorism efforts. Top U.S. officials regularly praise Islamabad for its ongoing cooperation, although doubts exist about Islamabad’s commitment to some core U.S. interests. Pakistan is identified as a base for terrorist groups and their supporters operating in Kashmir, India, and Afghanistan. Since late 2003, Pakistan’s army has been conducting unprecedented counterterrorism operations in the country’s western tribal areas. Separatist violence in India’s Muslim-majority Jammu and Kashmir state has continued unabated since 1989, with some notable relative decline in recent years. India has blamed Pakistan for the infiltration of Islamic militants into Indian Kashmir, a charge Islamabad denies. The United States reportedly has received pledges from Islamabad that all “cross-border terrorism” would cease and that any terrorist facilities in Pakistani-controlled areas would be closed. Similar pledges have been made to India. -
Election of the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union
206th session of the Governing Council (Virtual meeting) 1–4 November 2020 Governing Council 9 July 2020 Election of the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (Article 19 of the Statutes and Rules 6, 7 and 8 of the Rules of the Governing Council) Candidature of Mr. Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani (Pakistan) On 9 July 2020, the Secretary General received a communication from the Speaker of the National Assembly of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, submitting the candidature of Mr. Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani for the office of President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, which is to be filled at the 206th session of the Governing Council. The text of this communication and the curriculum vitae of Mr. M. Sadiq Sanjrani are to be found in Annexes I and II. E #IPU134 - 2 - ANNEX I Original: English COMMUNICATION ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY GENERAL BY THE SPEAKER OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN Islamabad, 9 July 2020 Dear Mr. Secretary General, I am writing to you with reference to the forthcoming election of the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) at the 206th session of the Governing Council (virtual meeting) scheduled to be held from 1 to 4 November 2020. On behalf of the Parliament of Pakistan, I am pleased to put forward the candidature of Senator Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani, Chairman, Senate of Pakistan (Tenure as Member, Senate of Pakistan, from March 2018 to March 2024) for the forthcoming election of the President of the IPU from the Asia-Pacific Group. The portfolio of IPU President is the highest position in the largest and oldest forum of parliaments in the comity of nations. -
March 2019 Volume 10 Issue 3 “Publishing from Pakistan, United Kingdom/EU & Will Be Soon from UAE ”
March 2019 Volume 10 Issue 3 “Publishing from Pakistan, United Kingdom/EU & will be soon from UAE ” 09 14 26 31 09 Pakistan’s highest civil honour “Our Pakistani brothers participated truthfully and effectively in the great development project that Saudi Arabia witnessed, especially the “Nishan-e-Pakistan” enlargement project of Masjid-e-Haram and Masjid-e-Nabwi. More than 2 Conferred upon million Pakistanis are working in Saudi Arabia and are contributing to the development of both the countries. Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman 14 Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, no doubt, has emerged as one of the most popular foreign leaders in Pakistan because of his highly laudable The most popular foreign leader in pronouncements made during his crucial visit to Islamabad and sentiments of love, affection and care expressed for Pakistani state and its people. By Pakistan expressing his determination, while wrapping up his historic tour, to make efforts to reduce tension between Pakistan and India, MBS conveyed in clear-cut terms that he was keen to mitigate challenges of the country on every front. Pakistan has always been an ardent supporter of regional peace and 26 “TOGETHER FOR PEACE” collaborative security. As a torch bearer of this unflinching resolve, Pakistan Navy is spearheading numerous initiatives, and conduct of series of MULTINATIONAL MARITIME EXERCISE Multinational Maritime Exercise AMAN is one of the quantum leaps towards AMAN-2019 the fulfillment of this shared vision along with global partners. Pakistan Navy has been hosting Multinational Maritime Exercise AMAN biennially since 2007. 31 President of Pakistan confers NI (M) President Dr. -
Stephen Philip Cohen the Idea Of
00 1502-1 frontmatter 8/25/04 3:17 PM Page iii the idea of pakistan stephen philip cohen brookings institution press washington, d.c. 00 1502-1 frontmatter 8/25/04 3:17 PM Page v CONTENTS Preface vii Introduction 1 one The Idea of Pakistan 15 two The State of Pakistan 39 three The Army’s Pakistan 97 four Political Pakistan 131 five Islamic Pakistan 161 six Regionalism and Separatism 201 seven Demographic, Educational, and Economic Prospects 231 eight Pakistan’s Futures 267 nine American Options 301 Notes 329 Index 369 00 1502-1 frontmatter 8/25/04 3:17 PM Page vi vi Contents MAPS Pakistan in 2004 xii The Subcontinent on the Eve of Islam, and Early Arab Inroads, 700–975 14 The Ghurid and Mamluk Dynasties, 1170–1290 and the Delhi Sultanate under the Khaljis and Tughluqs, 1290–1390 17 The Mughal Empire, 1556–1707 19 Choudhary Ramat Ali’s 1940 Plan for Pakistan 27 Pakistan in 1947 40 Pakistan in 1972 76 Languages of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Northwest India 209 Pakistan in Its Larger Regional Setting 300 01 1502-1 intro 8/25/04 3:18 PM Page 1 Introduction In recent years Pakistan has become a strategically impor- tant state, both criticized as a rogue power and praised as being on the front line in the ill-named war on terrorism. The final report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States iden- tifies Pakistan, along with Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia, as a high- priority state. This is not a new development. -
Newsletter June 2021
–- 1 President Arif Alvi promotes research-oriented and innovation-based quality education in universities resident Dr Arif Alvi has called for promoting research-oriented and innovation-based quality P education in universities to overcome the scientific and technological challenges faced by the country. He emphasised the need to educate the students about the latest technological trends in order to meet the requirements of the 4th Industrial Revolution. The President made these remarks at a briefing on Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), given by Rector LUMS, Mr Shahid Hussain, at Aiwan-e-Sadr, on June 14, 2021. Addressing the meeting, the Presi- dent underlined the need for promotion of online education as it was cost-effective and accessible to students belonging to the far flung areas of the country and under-privileged strata of society. He urged the universities to initiate steps to encourage e-learning as it played an instrumental role in ensuring continuity of education during the COVID-19 pandemic. President condoles with family killed in terrorist attack in Canada’s London Ontario resident Dr Arif Alvi and Begum Samina Alvi P visited the resi- dence of bereaved family of Pakistani origin victims of the terrorist attack in Ontario, Canada, to express their condolence. The president expressed his sympathies with the bereaved family over the loss, a press release said. The president and Begum Alvi offered Fateha and prayed for the departed soul and for the bereaved family to bear the loss with equanimity. 2 Prime Minister Imran Khan urges world leaders to act against Islamophobia rime Minister Imran Khan has called upon the world P leaders to crack down on online hate speech and Islamophobia following the deadly truck attack in London, Ontario, Canada. -
ISLAMABAD, TUESDAY, JULY 7, 2020 PART I Acts, Ordinances
PART I] THE GAZETTE OF PAKISTAN, EXTRA., JULY 7, 2020 425 ISLAMABAD, TUESDAY, JULY 7, 2020 PART I Acts, Ordinances, President’s Orders and Regulations GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN LAW AND JUSTICE DIVISION Islamabad, the 7th July, 2020 No. F. 2(1)/2020-Pub.—The following Ordinance Promulgated on 7th July, 2020 by the President is hereby published for general information:— ORDINANCE NO. VII OF 2020 AN ORDINANCE further to amend the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority Ordinance, 2002 WHEREAS, it is expedient further to amend the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority Ordinance, 2002 (XXII of 2002), for the purposes hereinafter appearing; AND WHEREAS the Senate and the National Assembly are not in session and the President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate action; (425) [5688(2020)/Ex Gaz.] Price : Rs. 6.00 426 THE GAZETTE OF PAKISTAN, EXTRA., JULY 7, 2020 [PART I NOW, THEREFORE, in exercise of the powers conferred by clause (1) of Article 89 of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is pleased to make and promulgate the following Ordinance:— 1. Short title and commencement.—(1) This Ordinance shall be called the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020. (2) It shall come into force at once. 2. Amendment in long title, Ordinance XXII of 2002.—In the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority Ordinance, 2002 (XXII of 2002), hereinafter called as the said Ordinance, in the long title, for the word “and” a comma shall be substituted and after the word “ works”, the words “and disposal of public assets” shall be inserted. -
Who Is Who in Pakistan & Who Is Who in the World Study Material
1 Who is Who in Pakistan Lists of Government Officials (former & current) Governor Generals of Pakistan: Sr. # Name Assumed Office Left Office 1 Muhammad Ali Jinnah 15 August 1947 11 September 1948 (died in office) 2 Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin September 1948 October 1951 3 Sir Ghulam Muhammad October 1951 August 1955 4 Iskander Mirza August 1955 (Acting) March 1956 October 1955 (full-time) First Cabinet of Pakistan: Pakistan came into being on August 14, 1947. Its first Governor General was Muhammad Ali Jinnah and First Prime Minister was Liaqat Ali Khan. Following is the list of the first cabinet of Pakistan. Sr. Name of Minister Ministry 1. Liaqat Ali Khan Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, Defence Minister, Minister for Commonwealth relations 2. Malik Ghulam Muhammad Finance Minister 3. Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar Minister of trade , Industries & Construction 4. *Raja Ghuzanfar Ali Minister for Food, Agriculture, and Health 5. Sardar Abdul Rab Nishtar Transport, Communication Minister 6. Fazal-ul-Rehman Minister Interior, Education, and Information 7. Jogendra Nath Mandal Minister for Law & Labour *Raja Ghuzanfar’s portfolio was changed to Minister of Evacuee and Refugee Rehabilitation and the ministry for food and agriculture was given to Abdul Satar Pirzada • The first Chief Minister of Punjab was Nawab Iftikhar. • The first Chief Minister of NWFP was Abdul Qayum Khan. • The First Chief Minister of Sindh was Muhamad Ayub Khuro. • The First Chief Minister of Balochistan was Ataullah Mengal (1 May 1972), Balochistan acquired the status of the province in 1970. List of Former Prime Ministers of Pakistan 1. Liaquat Ali Khan (1896 – 1951) In Office: 14 August 1947 – 16 October 1951 2. -
The Politics of Congregational Prayer Trust, Public Health, and Religious Authority in Pakistan
journal of law, religion and state 8 (2020) 251-271 brill.com/jlrs The Politics of Congregational Prayer Trust, Public Health, and Religious Authority in Pakistan Imran Ahmed School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences Faculty of Humanities, Arts, Social Sciences and Education University of New England, New South Wales, Australia [email protected] Abstract Religious authorities in many Muslim-majority countries have argued that the suspen- sion of communal prayers during an epidemic does not contravene Islamic law. In Pakistan, such measures have proven difficult to enforce, in part because many reli- gious leaders in the country have opposed the closure of places of worship and the limits placed on public religious gatherings. The question is why? This paper suggests that the distrust of the state in matters of religion in Pakistan can be traced back to the colonial era, and that the political developments following independence have ampli- fied frustration and mistrust between political and religious authorities in the country. Significant sources of contention in matters of religion and state remain unresolved under the prime ministership of Imran Khan. At the same time, the pandemic has thrust earlier conflicts into the spotlight and exposed contests over opinion, expertise, and authority in matters of religion and public health. Keywords Pakistan – coronavirus – Islamic law – religious authority – constitutional politics – public health – colonization – modernization 1 Introduction The spread of the novel coronavirus (sars-CoV-2) has posed considerable gov- ernance challenges for nation states around the world striving to manage a © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2020 | doi:10.1163/22124810-2020015Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 04:44:22AM via free access <UN> 252 Ahmed fragile balance between a potential public health disaster, growing societal un- rest, and dramatic economic collapse. -
Message from Dr. Arif Alvi President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan On
Message from Dr. Arif Alvi President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (On the occasion of Human Rights Day-2018) This Day is celebrated with pride to acknowledge commitment of the global community towards human rights. This commitment was made in the form of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This year marks the 70th anniversary of UDHR and calls for renewed commitment and protection of basic human rights. Democratic struggle of the Muslims of sub-continent against colonialism led to the creation of Pakistan in 1947, it was galvanized by the ideals of fundamental freedom and human dignity. These ideals inspired our newly independent country to be amongst the first signatories of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on the eve of its adoption in 1948. As a member state of United Nations, Pakistan fully endorses the Charter of the United Nations which strives to promote and encourage respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms without any discrimination of race, gender, language or religion. The words of Father of the Nation Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, are the guiding principle of our policy, “We are equal citizens of one State”. Hence, the Constitution of Pakistan guarantees freedom and fundamental rights to its all citizens. The Government of Pakistan attaches high priority to advancing the objectives of development, human rights and democracy and is working hard to implement its international commitments through Treaty Implementation Cells that have been set up at both Federal and Provincial level. Pakistan continues to regularly report relevant Treaty Bodies on the implementation of conventions signed. -
January 2020 Volume 11 Issue 01 Promoting Bilateral Relations | Current Affairs | Trade & Economic Affairs | Education | Technology | Culture & Tourism ABC Certified
Monthly Magazine on National & International Political Affairs, Diplomatic Issues January 2020 Volume 11 Issue 01 Promoting Bilateral Relations | Current Affairs | Trade & Economic Affairs | Education | Technology | Culture & Tourism ABC Certified “Publishing from Pakistan, United Kingdom/EU & will be soon from UAE , Central Africa, Central Asia & Asia Pacific” Member APNS Central Media List A Largest, Widely Circulated Diplomatic Magazine | www.diplomaticfocus.org | www.diplomaticfocus-uk.com | Member Diplomatic Council /diplomaticfocusofficial /dip_focus HAPPY NEW YEAR 2020 Austria-Pakistan’s Bilateral Trade Relations on an Upswing H.E. Mr. Nicolaus Keller, Ambassador of Austria to Pakistan January 2020 Volume 11 Issue 01 “Publishing from Pakistan, United Kingdom/EU & will be soon from UAE ” 09 10 14 24 64 09 H.E. Dr. Arif Alvi President Islamic Republic of I extend my heartiest greetings to all our Christian brethren on the Pakistan addressed on the occasion of Christmas occasion of Christmas. Much more than festivity and celebration, Celebrationdifference the spirit of Christmas is to share, to reach out, and to love all humanity. Jesus Christ brought and preached the message of peace, brotherhood and love for the whole humanity. He guided people towards virtuous living and urged them to seek divine mercy. 10 Nation celebrates Quaid’s 143rd birthday The 143rd birthday of the nation’s founder Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah is being observed with traditional zeal and enthusiasm across the country. The day started with a change of guards ceremony at Jinnah’s mausoleum in Karachi. The national flag was been hoisted at all government and private buildings and special events have been planned for the day in order to shine a light on Jinnah’s life and legacy. -
Previewing Pak 2018 Gen Elec SPECREP
Previewing Pakistan’s 2018 General Election ! " Special Report 195 SPECIAL REPORT 195 Previewing Pakistan’s 2018 General Election Rana Banerji" Sushant Sareen" Dr TCA Raghavan" Dr Ashok K Behuria !1 Previewing Pakistan’s 2018 General Election ! " Special Report 195 Contents Synopsis 1" Role of the military and " foreign policy 2" Role of domestic factors 4" PTI’s prospects and the role of " opposition and regional parties 5" PML-N’s prospects and the role of " opposition and regional parties 6" Speakers’ Roundtable and Q&A 8" !2 Previewing Pakistan’s 2018 General Election ! " Special Report 195 Synopsis IPCS hosted a panel discussion on 12 July 2018 featuring four distinguished Pakistan experts—Rana Banerji, Sushant Sareen, Dr TCA Raghavan, and Dr Ashok Behuria—to deliberate the several factors likely to influence the trajectory of the Pakistani general election scheduled for 25 July 2018. This report contains short write-ups authored by the panelists based on their presentations at the discussion, followed by the Speakers' Roundtable and Q&A, both rapporteured by IPCS. !3 Previewing Pakistan’s 2018 General Election ! " Special Report 195 Will the military and foreign policy influence voting in the 2018 National Assembly Election? Why? Rana Banerji Member, IPCS Governing Council; former Special Secretary, Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India One must revisit the Pakistani military’s strategic culture to understand their approach to the democratic process and general elections in Pakistan. The army regards itself as the guardian or supreme defender of the country’s national interests and sovereignty; the only institution which has preserved the security and very survival of the nation against all odds. -
MONTHLY CPEC NEWS BRIEF JULY 2020 Prepared by PMU-CPEC-ICDP
MONTHLY CPEC NEWS BRIEF JULY 2020 Prepared by PMU-CPEC-ICDP ENERGY PROVISION TO BOI MOVES TO SET UP SOLAR CAPTIVE PLANT FOR SEZS CPEC SEZs PROGRESS ON CPEC Source: Pakistan Observer Source: Dawn Source: Pakistan Observer CPEC reinvigorated The Board of Investment (BOI) has CPEC 2.0: full speed ahead According to latest statistics played an active role to facilitate the of CPEC Authority (July, CPEC-watchers see the launch establishment of first ever BOLT 2020), Chinese investment of two hydel power projects model based- 700 megawatts (MW) in the country in different in quick succession in Azad solar captive power plant to provide projects of the CPEC Kashmir and a special uninterrupted energy to the FIEDMC surpassed over $11 billion economic zone (SEZ) in CPEC SEZs namely M3-Industrial City during 2020. Faisalabad this month as early and Allama Iqbal Industrial City (AIIC). signs of the rejuvenation of It will be completed in three phases. The two countries signed the multi-billion-dollar projects worth of $11bn, programme. To remove including a $3.9bn roadblocks and ensure timely CHINESE PERCEPTION ON CPEC hydroelectric dam and a progress, the government is $7.2bn railway upgradation. also working on the CPEC Independent experts found the assumption It is the second biggest Authority Bill 2020 that will of Chinese preference for a particular amount of Chinese further empower the political party in Pakistan baseless. investment in a single year dedicated authority created Regarding suspicions over China’s after 2015 which witnessed last year. enthusiasm for CPEC, the assumption is a total investment of over factually incorrect.