IF UNDELIVERED

Return to

333 River Rd . Vanier. Ont K1L 8B9

FIRST CLASS MAIL

WINNERS OF NORTH AMERICAN CHAMPIONSHIPS September 1982

ISSN 0227-6658 Vol. 10 No. 3 • ITEMS AVAILABLE FROM C.O.F. OFFICE

1. C.O.F. T-shirts

Colour: Medium Blue with C.O.F. logo in white.

Sizes: Long sleeved - medium 56.00* Short sleeved-small and medium $5.00*

* plus postage of 60.3 for 3rd class, $1.00 for 1st class. 2. World Class Orienteering

Wilfred Holloway's book at special price $10.00* *(plus 75¢ postage).

3. Procedures for Organizing Major Orienteering Events - $7.50* *(plus $1.00 postage/handlingl

4. C.O.F. Rulebook $1.50* *(plus 75¢ postage).

5. New Planning Book by Gawelin and Nordstrom of Sweden $12.00* *(plus $1.25 postage and handling).

6. I.O.F. Symbolic Control Description Book $2.00* *(plus 75t postage/handling).

7. Notepads - PRICE GREATLY REDUCED now available for $1.00

Notepaper - PRICE GREATLY REDUCED now available for $2.00

8. Souvenir North American Championship hats (includes postage) $6.00

9. North American Championship crests $1.00 ORIENTEERING CANADA

THE OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER Of THE CANADIAN ORIENTEERING FEDERATION 333 River Road, Ottawa, Ont. K1L 8B9 Vol. 10 No. 3 Sept., 1982 CONTENTS President's Niche 4 COF Drops 5 National Coaching Certification Program 6 Nine Days Lost on the Dunes 7 1982 COC and NAC Memories - Nine Days of "0"' 9 An Invitation 15 My First '0' Competition The Westerlund's Tour of Canada 17 Manitoba's Superb "0" 21 Noah's Ark 22 "0" 24 Changes to C.O.F. Drawing Symbols 28 Shorts - From the I.O.F. Congress 28 Ski-Orienteering Coming to the Olympics' 30 New Rules for W.0 C s 31 Its a Lot of Bull! 3? C.O.C. Results 33 Carberry 'A' Meet Results 36 N.A.C. Results 40 5-Day Summary 43 Ski-Orienteering - An International Sport 46 Developing the Ability to Concentrate in Sport Performances 47 Sport Consultant Doesn't Give up ' 51 New Development in Ontario 52 Canadian Junior Team Performs Well in Europe 53

ORIENTEERING CANADA is published in Ottawa with the assistance of the National Sport and Recreation Centre. EDITOR! Winnie Krogsrud, #403-83 Indian Rd., Toronto, Ont.M6R 2V5 ASSISTANT EDITOR: John Craig. TYPIST AND LAYOUT: Lee Leger. CONTRIBUTORS: Pat de St. Croix, Colin Kirk, Ted de St. Croix, Paul Golightly Winnie Krogsrud, Bruce Brenot, Julie De Pas, Gord Hunter, Malcolm Adams, Kenneth Ravizza, Mark Smith. COVER PHOTO: "Winners of the 1982 North American Championships" Photo by: Ted de St. Croix.

3 PRESIDENT'S NICHE

by Patricia de St. Croix

The 1982 Festival of Canadian Orienteering later on. Goerge Murphy has agreed to act is now history and many many volunteers can as the interim chairman at least until the breathe a big sigh of relief as can, C.O.F. next board meeting which immediately follows Executive Director, Colin Kirk. It was the Annual General Meeting. wonderful to welcome so many guests from beyond our shores and our borders to this Gord Hunter was re-elected to the Inter- festival as well as to welcome many fellow national Orienteering Federation Council. Canadians. Congratulations Gord: He brought back good news from the Congress, that the 10F strongly The technical committee has worked hard over supports the move to work toward the inclu- the years to up grade our standards at meets. sion of Ski-0 in the 1988 Winter Olympic This is no easy task. (Really it is one to Games Program. which we must all direct some of our energies.) Both the officials course clinicians and the The COF Board of Directors overwhelmingly folks in friendly Manitoba did well. Thank supported the move to have Orienteering you all. included in the First World Masters Games to be held in Toronto in 1985. Few Canadian orienteers have put more work into Canadian orienteering or done more train- Congratulations to Bruce Brenot and the ing in recent years than our two elite Junior team who competed at the Junior champions. Congratulations Marg Ellis and International Championships in Switzerland. Ted de St. Croix. Magali Robert did win one of the pre-meets and Mike Day won his leg of the relay. Well,we did hire a new Technical Director in the person of Ted de St. Croix. Ted has been Tentative ground work is underway to stage a a member of the National Team at the last four planning conference this fall to build and World Championships and has either participated develop a set of long term programs for in or been a leader at numerous orienteering orienteering in Canada. Such planning is clinics since his high school days. He has strongly supported by the Board and Sport also been a competitor in gymnastics, track, Canada. As I see it, we have a two fold cross country and . He has objective, to develop orienteering through always enjoyed the out of doors and loves greater participation and through improved orienteering. I've known Ted all his life and performance. find him good company. He has lived at our house and still drops in occasionally. Good Congratulations to Kim Poole who has been luck Ted in your new job. working to form an orienteering group in the N.W.T. There is now a Northwest Territories What does this mean at the National Office? Orienteering Association. Best wishes to Colin Kirk may have a little free time. Lee them in their development. Leger will probably have more to do - if that's possible. Colin hopes to spend more time Next year I expect to be serving a term as working with the Development Committee since Past President. It has been in interesting Ted will be involved with the Technical, stimulating experience for me as your presi- Competition and Ski-0 Committees. dent to work with the staff and volunteers these past two years. I do thank you for The Ski-0 Committee is now a recognized such a rewarding experience. standing committee within the COF. It will set its own goals and objectives for ratification

4 C.O.F. DROPS

by Colin Kirk

1. IT'S A BOY. Congratulations to Sheila and 4, TLASSOC. . HIRES FULL TIME Bob Smith on the birth of a son, Aug. 23. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT COORDINATOR. The new addition to the Smith family had The September issue of the A.O.A. newsletter been expected for the week between the COC announces the hiring of Chris Reid as and NAC but arrived the day after the NAC. Program Development Coordinator. One of Chris's major responsibilities will be to 2. ATLANTIC YOUTH TEAM SUCCESSFUL IN SWEDISH help expand orienteering into new areas of 0-RINGEN. the province. Chris has been a very active I7--nrWratulations to members of the Atlantic volunteer over the past few years being Youth Team on some fine performances during especially interested In coaching. He has their trip to Sweden in July; particularly in recently become a member of the C.O.F. the 5-Day O'Ringen. Team Coach, Bob Kalil, Coaching Committee and will be helping to turned in an outstanding performance to win organize a Level I Coaching Validation Clinic the H35B category. Bob started the last day in , October 3-31. Congratulations in 4th place, overcame a 6 minute deficit to to both Chris and the Alberta '0' Assoc. on capture 1st place. Sixteen year old, Oyvind this big step forward. Naess, also turned in some fine runs to finish in overall 2nd place in the H15-16 B category. NORTH AMERICAN CHAMPIONSHIP SOUVENIR CAPS B. Team Coach Leaves Canada. Sad news for AVAILABLE FROM NATIONAL OFFICE. the members of the Atlantic Youth Team is the decision by coach, Bob Kaill, to leave Nova For those individuals unable to attend the Scotia and take up residence in Sweden. Bob N.A.C., the C.O.F. office still has some spent several years in Sweden in the early of the very attractive baseball style caps 1970s and met and married his wife Kristina for purchase. while living there. Bob left Canada on Sept.7 Best wishes to Bob. Somehow I feel certain The caps are available in three styles: that we will see Bob again at future C.O.C.s. Mens: A. In a solid denim blue shade with 3. ORIENTEERING ONTARIO HIRES PROGRAM CO- An N.A.C. crest on the front. ORDINATOR. Well known 0.0.1. member, Mark B. The front third in blue denim and Smith, has been hired by Orienteering Ontario the rear 2/3 in a white mesh nylon to keep as Program Coordinator for a new orienteering the head cool on hot summer days. N.A.C. project being introduced into a number of crest on cap front. schools in the Metropolitan Toronto area this current school year. Over 130 schools have Ladies: indicated they are interested in having their C. Very attractive royal blue front pupils introduced to orienteering. portion, with white mesh nylon back portion. A stylish white pan pom adorns this model. Initially, the program will be on a one-year N.A.C. crest on cap front. trial basis with the possibility of being extended if results are favourable. One size fits all - adjustable headband. Orienteering Canada editor, Winnie Krogsrud, Generous sized vizor provides good shade from has also been hired as an instructor and sun. Ideal for mappers, course planners, will work with Mark on implementing the officials,working around the garden, driving, program this fall and the spring of 1983. etc. Perfect for Christmas stocking stuffers. Best wishes for success to everyone connected PRICE: $6.00 for hats with crest(includes with this ambitious project. po stage .) $1.00 for an N.A.C. crest(crest only).

5 NATIONAL COACHING CERTIFICATION PROGRAM

by Ted de St. Croix

I have been sorting through the pile of paper Overview from the Coaching Association of Canada and would like to share a few points about this Canada's National Coaching Certification organization with you. Program is designed to meet the needs of practising coaches, male and female, The National Coaching Certification Program whether they be beginner or experienced.The is instrumental in helping our sport teach, program is structured on five levels and train, and up grade our coaches. To date presents coaches with the Theoretical, we have had one Level I Technical Pilot Technical and Practical aspects of coaching. Course conducted by Marg Ellis In June this year. At this course we received some pointers THEORY TECHNICAL PRACTICAL CERTIFIED from our National Coaching Consultant, Nancy ✓ ✓ C Wood. Mary Ellis will add these to her manual Lave* 14hr∎ 14 hrs vi yr in time for our final pilot testing course Levet Two in Calgary, Oct. 30-31, 1982. We expect 21hr. '1 hrs 3 yrs approval of this manual after that time so Level Throe 30 hr 25 hrs 5 yrs that we can officially certify our coaches Lied Four who attended the first technical pilot course, National have completed their Level 1 Theory and have Levet Ms !International logged 25 hours of practical Coaching experi- ence. Each coach should participate in all compo- nents of the program to develop his/her full Why must one be a certified coach? Certified potential as a coach. The Theory courses Coaches are invited to attend their respec- are sponsored by the provincial/territorial tive next level Coaching Clinics from which governments across the country and relate detailed extensive orienteering coaching detailed information on such topics as knowledge can be gained. Certified coaches leadership, motivation, training and teach- are asked to accompany teams on world travel ing methods, etc., common to coaches in all for international competitions. The higher sports. The Technical courses are offered certified level you have, the better are by the national/provincial (territorial) your chances of being invited. Access to a sport associations and present the specific large amount of coaching and training infor- skills, drills tactics of a particular mation is available to certified coaches. sport in a progressive, logical sequence. Most important of all becoming a certified The Practical component of the program coach will increase your ability to better consists of actual on-the-field coaching prepare your athletes. where the principles learned in Theory and Technical are practically applied by the For those waiting for their certification coaches working with their athletes. When we cannot confirm these until after the a coach completes all three components of Level I manual has been accepted by the a level, that coach becomes formally certi- Canadian Coaching Association. fied and receives a national passport book- let. Therefore, for coaches who want to avail themselves of all aspects of coaching, opportunities are available through the Theory, Technical and Practical components of Canada's National Coaching Certification Program.

6 r -177•grimmorionetwerm,

NINE DAYS LOST ON THE DUNES

by Paul Golightly

"You've got to be kidding:" was the immediate Some 12,000 years ago, during the retreat reaction of a friend when I told him I was of the continental ice-cap, most of southern about to spend a week orienteering in south Manitoba was covered by a lake of glacial west Manitoba. Like most people, myself meltwater, Lake Agassiz, which was prevented included, his concept of Manitoban topography from flowing northward by the unmelted is based on the environs of Winnipeg which remainder of the ice-cap. As shown on the could be used as a definition of "flatness." map, huge rivers of meltwater flowing east Once away from the Red River plain, however, around the edge of the ice, dropped their there is some relief from this flatness that loads of silt and sand, filling a western makes for some very challenging orienteering. arm of the lake in what is now the valley

AI .. e t to cYci. .07> 'it tiers

Winfri;o1

Harine en,lek• COC Carberry NIAOC (.4 S. A

S i t and saru& droppfet Over 1*w-1 .1%Am-ter rivers ch At;ss,-ssipp,' ►etd sviormS DC Sand. duitS,

Crorrt ille Glacial mop 0C Coelocta, Survey Or Ca neii p # 1253 A Seale — 1: 5 )000) 000 7 of the Souris and Assiniboine rivers. Dunes are small features; a 2.5 m contour Before vegetationcould secure a firm foot- interval was necessary to catch them and hold on this alluvial plain, the wind even at that the rare 4 contour hill was a mobilized the sand and blew it into mountain worth considerable detouring to use extensive swarms of sand dunes. With the as an attack point. The waves of dunes tend exception of an interesting 25 km 2 near to be rather similar. After a stretch of Spruce Woods Park which some of us toured, "rough-0", intentional or otherwise, there these dunes are now immobilized by grass would be a multitude of possible situations and scrub oak. The resulting complex ter- on the map that might fit the one where you rain provided 5 of the 6 map areas used were standing. during the Canadian and North American Championships. On the other hand, the ground provided tremen- dously fast running. It was advantageous to For my part it was some of the most stay in the semi-open grassland which covered challenging map reading I have ever faced. the crests and arid southslopes of the hills, I was not alone as many peop - e seemed to dropping only occasionally into the poplar experience a regression in their 0-skills woods and scrub oak in the depressions and before getting a handle on it - one over- lowlands. Even these did not usually degener- heard comment- "I'm losing two skills per ate into fight -- though there was some of day:" that that was unavoidable.

The problem is principally one of scale. The key to solving the problem was to pay Dunes are small scale features. Dune attention to detail, stay in touch with your fields are large irregular waves of sand map. This was spectacularly demonstrated by with crests every 100 meters or so and such Peter Gagarin (NEOC) who was a model of both a plethora of high points and depressions speed and consistency throughout the meets. that it is difficult to do justice to their For most of us ordinary mortals this meant form on a 1:15,000 scale map. The density sacrificing speed to accuracy or taking chances. of detail can be appreciated by comparison which resulted in some remarkably long course

to some other well - known 0 - in the times; I broke my own personal record long table below. time on Day 1 of the NAOC, the only meet blemished by a rainstorm. DENSITY OF DETAIL IN SOME WELL-KNOWN ORIENTEERING AREAS

Number of Features per Square Kilometer Typical Map Hills Depressions Comments

1982 Canadian Championships) 172 252 5-8 m Typical Dune Area Hartney, Manitoba

1981 Quebec Championships ) 120 52 10 - 20 m Typical Highland Area Lac Pink

Dundas Valley, Ontario 80 1 10-25 m Plateau Heavily Eroded Dundas Valley East, Ontario 57 0 by Ravines

1981 American Championships ) 3 0 Broad, open valleys. Sardinia Forest, New York)

8 F ----rwarpr,T4T771TEIr"" '7.1-717c4R!''

What was accomplished? -- I saw a corner of Manitoba that I may -- You had to be a better navigator after never have seen otherwise, and grew to nine days of dunes. The lessons learned in appreciate the vast expanses and view to paying attention to detail should pay off the horizon of which prairie people are so fond. in other subtle, detailed topography.

-- I had never before had such an intensive On the negative side? exposure to orienteering and fast running day after day. I'm now probably in better -- We hill folk will have to learn how to run in the running shape than I ever have been. woods again! 1982 C.O.C. AND N.A.C. MEMORIES NINE DAYS OF "01 by Winnie Krogsrud

The nine days were: 1 = Day One of the COC, "In this small newspaper we have tried to 2 . Day Two of the COC, 3 . Relay on COC map, provide as much information as possible on the 4 = 'B' Meet at Roseisle, 5 'A' Meet at happenings during the entire time you will Refuge Valley, 6 . 'B' Meet at Epinette Creek spend with us, but if you have orienteered 7 = Training Day at Refuge Valley, 8 . Day for any length of time, you will already have One of North Americans, 9 . Day Two of North made yourself acquainted with several of Americans. Murphy's Laws, such as, 'If anything can go wrong, it will,' etc. So, you now know nothing is perfect. While we the Gouger Club, all two of us, have strived to have the perfect meet, with the able assistance The 1982 Canadian '0' Championships were at of other members of the Manitoba Orienteering Hartney, Manitoba with the North American Championships a few hours away in Carberry, Association, we are expecting some minor hitches and with the patience shown by the Manitoba. Both events were a first for me. '0" fraternity we know you will enjoy your During the nine days of competition, I time spent here. Any questions, enquiries, couldn't help but: etc, should be directed to the meet director, or the other member of the Gouger Club." 1. hear interesting tidbits from fellow competitors. Page 4 offered "COC's meet comments" 2. receive helpful hints from the meet Good...some details on the terrain! (I flyer. almost devoured the page). I'd flown from Toronto to Winnipeg, rented a car and 3. glean a little prairie wisdom. travelled the three remaining hours to Hartney. My four cohorts had been as The following compendium reflects the variety astounded as I at the utter FLATNESS of of activity. Winnipeg. We kept scanning the countryside. --The Competition Centre for the COC's was at At one point Paul Golightly spotted a gentle the Hartney Collegiate. We arrived after rise to our north. It was a wonder that the 9:00 p.m. Friday night and received the driver kept the car on the road. We were information packet containing a "newsletter". estatic! That rise was the first variation in the terrain we'd seen: One article on page 3 was entitled "Welcome to Gouger Country." What is a Gouger? "a Approaching Carberry we looked north again. small fur bearing animal native to Manitoba." The area was resplendent with ups and downs. (Right...sorta like a Snipe?) I read further, Yes,..looked like a nice "0" site.

9 The COC comments contained: interesting stories. The second was: casually relate an incident, then hope the "--All trails that are marked as distinct bait would be taken. or indistinct have been mowed for clarity. Some cars have created tracks that appear Well...human nature showed true. Pen and as trails, but unless it has been mowed it paper were worthless...I might as well have is not a marked trail. stuck a microphone in an "O's" face and shouted "Roll those cameras!" However, the --Blue Bird houses attached to metal posts bait was eagerly swallowed and stories .poured have not been marked. forth. Only problem was...I didn't have pen, paper, tape recorder, ANYTHING...only --The ground vegetation is soft ground cedar grasses on a sand base. There are two kinds the brain to rely on (and believe me--it of cactus in the area and some poison ivy, was nigh onto exhausted from the strain mostly in the northern section of the map. on the "0" courses). So...some of the Competitors are urged to run with legs tales and overheard snatches of conversa- covered. tion recorded here could be a smidgeon off... --While there are no rock or water features, --"That's a neat t-shirt!" One "0" sported there are many deer and grouse in the area, a shirt with a large picutre of a Turtle. please do not be startled. Someone had picked it up at the Turtle Races being held nearby. His reply, "I --There will be a concession booth at the finish area with sandwiches, soft drinks, figured it reflected my "0" here on Day 1." fruit, and gouger aide." --Along with the Turtle Races Manitoba hosts the frog follies in July. Page 11 dealt with the North American '0' --There was a sign in Carberry, "Babysitting Championships. Some of the notes: in my home during potato season." Turns out Carberry's 'Spud City.' "--Please respect the property. Do not --The Honda/issue of the Brandon Sun leave 'gates' down, since there are many carried an article on the COC's. Afan Jones cattle in the area. Some of these look very dashed to the store to pick up four copies. ferocious, but, they do not seem to bother He returned. We eagerly scanned the issues anyone. However, do not tease, challenge ...no luck...no story. Why? Afan had or chase them. obsconded with the Sun...the Winnipeg Sun. --NOTE: 1. Contrary to certain previous --A post race analysis..."Now, printed statements there is considerable you said you had a 30 minute error here, poison ivy in the area. The mapper, Colin 20 minutes there, 10 near control six...The Kirk, has recently been given a botanical way my math figures, you should have finished lessOn and can now identify it. Please be the course in - 1 minute." cautious especially if you have had a --For the Monday relay on the COC map the previous problem. (Do not wear shorts and competitors in the open category who were cover up well). 35 years old had a start line in front of 2. There are many cattle trails in the the youngsters. Someone pointed out that area and not all are on the map. Some since Walter Kuz was over 70 he deserved trails used by the less experienced and another start line. The crowd agreed. juniors will be flagged. These trails are While debating on its location I noticed marked on the map. Not all trails will Walter trotting away, over the hill, out of be flagged however. sight. A little later the race started. Cunning running...eh? 3. The vegetationis unique. Be cautious --After the relay I took a walk on the with the open, wooded and semi-open desig- course, checking out controls that had not nation until you have adjusted." been on my race. Nearing a hill I realized a bug had crawled up my pant leg and was During the nine days in Manitoba I tried biting my thigh. I tried to hit it through two techniques for gathering juicy tidbits. my pants but was not successful. I hadn't One was: carry pen and paper and ask for seen any people, but figured if 1 lowered

10 the "0" pants and dealt directly with the --Phyllis Hill was on a course and heard bug someone was bound to appear. Hmmm... some movement in the bush to her right. another sharp stab from the bug settled my She was near the control so figured it dilemma. I pulled down the pants, attacked was best to check out the area. She the bug and said an embarrassed "Hello! entered the trees. There was no control-- Bugs, pants, a..." to the man who trotted only a startled Phyllis gaping at an over the hill. equally alarmed steer. --"When you got to #7 did you notice anything --Leigh Bailey reported the day's high "How could I miss? It was covered with points: "One bingo control, one I spiked ants!" and one 'Yaah: H0000!" (Yaah! H0000! is Yuck! the sound made by a victorious/formerly --Margaret Ellis turned to me. "That girl extremely frustrated control searcher.) looks familiar. She is just like someone --On day two of the COC's someone saw me I knew 16 years ago." I figured since going into a control. As I left it he Margaret was from B.C. and Karen Peterson trotted down into it and said, with deep (the female in question) was, too, and feeling, "Thank you!" since both were over 35 it was entirely --There was a spectacular thunderstorm likely that they knew each other. I made during the COC's. We were in the town of some unintelligible agreeing sound. Deloraine which is south of Hartney. The five of us spent over an hour watching the Later I introduced them in the laundromat. clouds in the distance, (north). The They did know each other. Margaret was formations and colours reminded us of a shocked. She figured it couldn't be the Steon Speilberg film--we half expected to same person 'cause Karen looked 20 years see 1 hand emerging from the clouds. old. --The mayor of Hartney gave a talk during The next morning we learned that the camp COC banquet. A favourite line with the ground in Hartney had been hit. Trees fell audience was, "Your group has greatly on tents. Some "0" tenters spent the night increased the size of our town. But...we out of the storm and in the mayor's house. knew you'd all come to Hartney someday... --After the storm Chris Reid remarked, sooner or later you'd just have to visit." "We've seen: hail, rain, 30 degrees C, --Following the COC's and preceding the winds...only thing left for Manitoba to relay Peter Gagarin of the New England throw at us fs snow." "0" Club held an informal "0" session entitled "Learning to love the Lauder --On day two of the COC's I a bit off Sand Hills." A large crowd assembled, was the direct line to my control. I redis- thankful for the guided tour through the covered myself at the water control and maze of contours that had plagued the headed back into the bush. I was religi- competitors for two days. ously following my bearing, pace counting, --The map screen for Wednesday's meet was carefully checking off features when a not easily discerned in the bright sun. building appeared. I was astonished. No The beige (semi open) white (forest) and buildings were anywhere near, the area I pale green (walk) all melded together. was certain I was in. Gulp! I checked the It wasn't till a few days later viewing the map--looking for a black box--no go. I map placidly in the motel room that one studied the building. Somehow...even though competitor realized why certain areas had it was of substantial size and firmly been so difficult to plow through. They constructed...it looked portable. I gazed really had been labelled "green." dumbfounded---yep...no wheels on it, but --Running out of the finish chute one"0"'s could it be a huge building sled? pants were literally shredded. There was no solving the mystery. I "Where did that happen?" recalled my pace count and in 30 meters hit the control. Later in my post race "In the white."

11 bewilderment I was muttering about a build- --Orienteers run, runners buy watches, ing. Don Budge overheard me and said that cassio watches are popular. Each of the he'd seen it too. five of us had a Cassio watch. On more than several Occasions the only way to Two days after the event I tentatively match the correct watch with the owner was: mentioned seeing a building to a meet check the time of day (24 hour or 12 hour), organizer. Immediately he started to look at the time alarm mode, see when the apologize. Nes...there were portable sheds alarm for waking up was set and, finally, out on the map. 2 or 3. They were deer check the split time. feeding stations. Since they were moved from place to place they were not mapped. -- When we packed up and left the meet site However, he'd fully intended to alert the near Hartney I realized something. During "0" to their existence. My reaction: No the three days (championships and relay) apology needed. It was a relief to have a great many flies, wasps, and bees had the riddle cleared up and my sanity restored descended upon the area. Often a dozen or --The site for the North Americans was near two would be hovering near each person. Carberry with the Trans Canada Highway Those nasty critters were about to go into serving as the southern boundary of the withdrawal...good riddance! map. The area was billed as Cattle Country. In the parking lot the first day I huddled --While in Hartney for lunch I figured I'd in the car, alone, in the rain, waiting for go round to the drug store to pick up some my 105 start time. I glanced out the bandaids. (My blisters were growing window --WOW! Thirty head of cattle charged nicely-what with "0" shoes and the hot down a hill and to the edge of the parking weather). It was about 12:30 when I came lot. They stopped abruptly staring at the to the drugish store. Hmmm..."closed till cars. Undecided. While they were turning 1:00". I meandered down the street. (Yep. heads, stomping, milling an "0" cametrot- Each store was closed from 12:00 till 1:00. ting out of the same woods, down the same They, like me, take their lunch seriously!) hill and turned north. The entire time he was concentrating on his map--never glancing --Another difference in scheduling occurs at the cattle. When he disappeared the herd Sundays and Mondays. Stores are closed swung round and retreated...stirring up an both days. That way a five day work week is impressive amount of dust considering the maintained and the tourist has a chance to heavy rainfall. (Wonder if the "0" reali- purchase needed items on the weekend. zed the 'stir' he'd caused...both with the cattle and the "0" in the parked cars). --I was to the start on the last day of the MAC'S and two men were conversing in --Colin Kirk and a few others drove in to front of me. the NA finish area a day or two before the event. A large bull stood before them on "If this meet were to go on for one more day the road. The men got out of the car and I'd be worthless. Each day I lose two of began checking the area. Colin, the driver, my orienteering skills. I'm down to rock had mapped the site and had had several bottom. I've got nothing left to lose:" encounters with the cattle. One of the passengers looked back at the car...the "I know what you mean." doors were open and the motor still running. --Five men were hovering around a re-entrant. When asked "Why?" Colin replied I' 'cause we One turned to another. "Where do you think may have to get out of here damn guick l." the control is?"

--Earle Phillips is a silver haired gentle- "As far as I'm concerned you're standing on man. He left the camp shower one night it." and a little boy ran up to him.."Sir, I --Friday before the NAC's was a training day. think you forgot to wash the soap out of Flags were left hanging at the meet site your hair." used Wednesday. We were relaxing in the

12 motel room waiting for the heat of the day the bull will move." He'd wait til later to pass before we attacked the terrain. I to hang that flag.) An hour later the man looked about me: Lynn was receiving a came upon the junction from another angle. lesson in contour reading from Rick, Yep. The bull had moved. He'd made a Margaret was drawing courses on her maps, quarter turn and was once again facing the I'd just finished a proprioceptive-neuro- orienteer. muscular-facilitation stretching session. No four college students studying for a "Think I'll hang that flag tomorrow." difficult final could have prepared more (Orienteering"- the thinking man's sport). thoroughly. --Four times during the week we did laundry. --About prairie wisdom. I learned that Four times I washed my . before sitting down you check the area --In Carberry driving down the main street carefully for: cow pies, ants, cactus, we noticed two gas pumps sitting right on poison ivy, rose bushes, SHADE. the edge of the sidewalk. We were curious. Checking the prices revealed that the pumps --Two workers went out to set up the water were probably in use. However, we never control. They lugged the large container got up the nerve to test them. (pretty heavy stuff, water) and looked for the ribbon locating the destination. They --We were in Hartney, then Deloraine and walked a lot. Finally they decided to finally Carberry. Each town was nice, set down the water, memorize its location, but Carberry wins the "0" award of excellence. and search for the ribbon. An hour later Why? Well...in a word...BAKERY. Yep... they found the ribbon. Now, just trot on Carberry sported a bakery wheras the others back to the water. Another hour later that' hadn't. I generally made two daily trips to found the water. the place. On each visit I counted no fewer than five orienteers. The place --Dick de St. Croix was looking for a control was heavenly. It reeked of carbohydrates: in a small re-entrant. He figured he was Super grain bread, large molasses/sugar/ near the area when he heard someone moving chocolate chip/peanut butter cookies. They in the trees close by. He came upon a man had pine colada tarts, cinnamon buns, apple bent over, carefully scanning the ground. squares (yes,..I studied the site thoroughly ...guess I gave it more attention than any Dick asked, "Is there a control in here?" five controls I found that week.) "No control. I lost my glasses." --At the junior training camp held Monday- Wednesday following the Canadians, Margaret Dick looked around from where he was standing sat down...on three prickly pear cactus. and casually announced. "You're looking in She pulled them carefully from her rear, the wrong place." then carefully from her fingers. After that adventure she squatted instead of sat. "HUH?" Kevin Jones camp over and SAT down...right on a prickly pear. (He was down AND up "Look up." before the startled Margaret could alert him). There in the tree, about head height, hung the glasses. --One worker for the North Americans was tut hanging controls on the white course. --We entered the motel room in Carberry. It He got to a path junction designated on was beautiful. The Nelson Hotel was all'an the map. But...the area was occupied by a "0" could ask for. The five of us trooped large Charlois Bull. The bull was standing in. Minutes later Margaret started giggling. directly beneath the ribbon, staring at the Once she regained control she observed, worker. "Look at what disaster we've created in this room in a mere two minutes." We looked. It The man looked at the bull, checked his map was impressive.. and decided (At such times talking to oneself is reassuring, "Who knows...perhaps

13 --At the Hartney Collegiate- Tuesday I was --An award is offered for the best combined doing some odd jobs for the National Junior scores in the men's and women's elite Training Camp. I passed an open doorway category for the North Americans. Al and spied Jim Lee. He looked done in. I Smith from the U.S. figured there should figured it was because of the hours, weeks, be a "Prime of Life" award offered to months of work on the COC's. But that wasn't those in the upper age groups. To be the case, "This humidity is terrible!" eligible for the award those in their prime of life had to meet the usual "0" I was taken aback. Humidity? I hadn't requirements plus ONE. The "one" was: noticed any. HEAT. That I'd noticed. attend a "Prime of Life" party the night between the two-day event. You had to be "Jim,..if you want to experience humidity go in attendance for one hour. The notice to Toronto. THIS is nothing!". He groaned. read, "Come one, come all. Here's your chance to make the competition more --The Hartney"0" newspaper had warned us about "equal." It's your opportunity to level the NAC vegetation. I'd read it, but not your opposition." The party was hiTT-- heeded. Day One of the NAC's I left the in the bar. start, glanced at the map and noted a LARGE clear area to the S.W. I abandoned pace --It was 3:35 p.m. in Carberry. The day's counting and ticking off features. I event was over and as usual I was hungry figured...that area's SO big and so open I and extremely thirsty. Two of us headed can't miss it. But... I did. I arrived at a for Al's Cafe expecting to settle into a clear area, headed south and was instantly quiet snack. I opened the door and WOW! The place was packed and noisy. Every lost. Thirty-three minutes later I found table was filled--or close to it. We control one. Those 33 agonizing minutes contained: stood there gaping and the elderly couple at the table closest to me invited me to sit down. We introduced ourselves and tried to - going through the bush to the Trans- Canada Highway and failing to relocate place an order. (The waitress was having - seeing a fence, buildings on the map a good deal of trouble hearing and being 600 m to my East and deciding NO WAY, heard). I'll relocate somehow The couple left and two elderly ladies took - going to the path several hundred their places. One had just come from the metres north of the Trans Canada and NAC banquet hall. She'd been arranging the failing to relocate table flowers for the night's meal; the other - spotting a flag that was not mine and would be there that evening serving dinner... failing to fix its location and she promised us it'd be delicious. - heading those 600 m east, hitting the fence, spotting the buildings, going --Just prior to the banquet an "0" filled us south along the fence 'til I was even in on the chicken we'd be eating. Turned with the slime-filled pool out that when the Carberry organizers and carefully using: 1. my bearing realized how many people were coming to the 2. pace counting 3. feature identi- banquet they rushed out and bought some more fication to the control I'd seen before chicks. They started "home feeding" them and the 20 metres beyond it to my so they'd tejust right" for the occasion. control #1. (And they were!!) When coming out of Control 1 my route brought me to the clear area. --And...what reminders do we have of our This time I actually got the map and stay in Manitoba? Some of us sport medals, terrain to agree. But...it was amazing. some photos, some have pins showing Carberry I'd never seen anything as "clear" as this. as 'Spud City' and finally there are the The area I'd made my error in had been a lucky ones...we who carry a constant reminder deceptively clear "semi-open!" which instantly brings to mind a vivid picture of the week...

14 I speak of the "we" who have poison ivy. --and what did you do for "entertainment" during a lull in the week's activities. Well...some of us looked kneeward and found a diversion. Mine, for two, were riddled with black dots--which--when pinched-- turned into 1/4" briars. Yes...knees...an intriguing passtime. AN INVITATION ... --My sister Lynn came from Michigan to Manitoba. At the border she was asked the usual questions including, "Why are you Dear 0-Friends: coming to Canada?" We are glad to send you the invitation for the 1st Junior Team Competition from the 20th to She innocently replied, "I'm going orienteer- the 22nd of May 1983 in Ottawa. The competi- ing." tion will be very similar to the Junior International, with a training day on the "What?" Friday, an individual competition on the Saturday and a relay competition on the Sunday. "Orienteering." The organization of the event is still being "Take a seat over there." worked on, - full details about the competi- tion centre, competitions, meals, accommoda- tion, etc. will be sent to you during the month of March.

The size of teams will be 6 for men (H15-20) with 4 counting members and 4 for women (D15-20) with 3 counting members.

The relay will have 3 legs for men and women.

If you are interested in sending a team to participate in this Junior Team Competition, please reply by November 1st, 1982 to: C.O.F. National Office, 333 River Road Ottawa, Ontario KlL 8B9

Your preliminary entry will help us determine the arrangements required for meals, accom- modation, transportation, etc.

Yours sincerely,

Bruce Brenot Member C.O.F. Competition Committee

Kelly Boulding (D21) Wins 2nd Place at 1982 C.O.C. (Photo by B. Brenot)

15 MY FIRST '0' COMPETITION

by Pat de St. Croix

It was a rainy, cool day but the decision Then off we went. Dutifully I followed had been made. Since it is sometimes more behind as fast as I could up out of the difficult to change decisions in a family of gully, over a fence, across a field to the six than to carry than out under adverse first check point. By the time I reached conditions, the family set out on its first it the card was punched, something done orienteering expedition. with and we all went flying off in a new direction. (So this was orienteering). Time and place were Guelph Spring Festival, I ran after my kids trying to keep them in 1970. Categories entered were Wayfarers sight. I looked after the bag of nourish- 1 group, total 4 persons, plus 2 individuals ment wondering when we would stop to eat on yellow. I was a Wayfarer among 4. it. The drizzle kept up. I couldn't. The kids yelled to hurry this way. Dick kept My husband, Dick, had all the knowledge since finding flags and doing things with the map he had attended a short clinicin Montreal and compass. Somehow I kept them all in three years earlier. That's why 3 of us sight. I kept panting and puffing. Fortun- wayfaring chickens tagged along with him. ately the activity at the controls slowed them down long enough for me to catch up Since it was raining, cold,and we would be again. in the woods we dressed appropriately with heavy hiking boots and warm clothing "This way, Mom!" "Hurry up, Mom!" topped with rain gear to keep us dry. Since "Come on, Mom!" When would they ever stop I had no idea of the distance to be travelled to rest/eat? I carried a supply of reserve energy to meet the needs of my 3 male companions--a Well before I knew it we were back with paper bag of raisins and chocolate chips. the crowd at the start-finish-bonfire area. What happened to Ted and Gene (the We arrived at the Guelph campus along with yellow course participants) is another several hundred others. (Sass Peepre, the story. meet director, had an uncanny ability to get competitors out of every available nook and What I discovered that day is that kids cranny). After a briefing we followed a and parents out orienteering together can long line of cars to the meet site on the get so wrapped up in what they are doing outskirts of town. that it is more fun than anything else - Even Eating! At the briefing I paid more attention to all my fellow competitors than I did to the briefing since I knew that Dick knew all about this activity. Besides I didn't want to lose any of the four boys before we even arrived at the meet.

Eventually, we were called to the start. I dutifully followed Dick, Andy and Nick, first to the start, then to the master maps in the open woods in the drizzle. With one man and two boys crowded around I couldn't see what was going on there - but I figured it didn't matter since we hadn't started to orienteer yet.

16 THE WESTERLUND'S TOUR OF CANADA

by Wirmie Krogrud

Tucked into the ostensibly quiet Canadian trained in Europe this summer. At each summer was an eight week wilderness/whirlwind training session we set up a technique tour starting in Alberta with the Blue Lake course to see if the "0" uses the right Orienteering Clinic, next there were sessions technique for each leg. For example: in Banff and Calgary, onto Guelph, Ontario rough "0" (handrail or rough compass) or with an elite "0" camp and a coaching camp at precision "0" (precision comoass and preci- Saugeen Highlands, to Toronto, Ottawa and sion map reading.) finally Hartney, Manitoba which was the site of the National Junior Training Camp. "We've tried to find out where their problems are from that technique course and from The driving force behind all this activity? running behind them. Next we'd set-up Eric and Anne Westerlund. courses to train those problems. For example: Line "0" if they had precision This is Eric's third trip to Canada. In 1976 errors. he attended the Quebec Championships and in 1981 he competed once more at Quebec and he "The most common weaknesses are precision instructed at the Blue Lake Clinic. He's a map reading close to the controls and land surveyor, serves on the board of his relocating. The best drills to do are line "0" club in Sweden and achieved second place "0" and Control Picking. (In control in the 1978 Swedish Long Distance "0" picking you use your present control as an Championships (a 25 km event). attack point for the next control). We also invented a two-man relay to help develop This is Anne's second trip to Canada. In these skills. We hung eight controls and 1981 she also competed in Quebec's champion- each man had four on his course. A relay ships and instructed at the Blue Lake Clinic. member would go to one control, come back Anne is a Physical Education teacher at and then his partner would go to one Ljusdal High School where she coaches cross control and return. The relay encouraged country skiing in addition to her regular speed and was great fun. class schedule. She also coaches "0" as a volunteer. Anne was the Swedish "0" Champion "We found that the training camps dealing in 1974, was on the World Championship's first with small groups, like we had at Saugeen, place relay team in Britain 1976 and placed was an effective way of working with third in the individual event at the 1976 orienteers. At Saugeen we had groups of World Orienteering Championships. five to six people for one or two days. They had a chance to see the training Realizing the Westerlund's enthusiasm, experi- slides we brought from Sweden and discuss ence and coaching expertise the Canadian techniques on an individual basis. The Orienteering Federation brought them over from coaching clinic we held there was really Sweden to provide guidance, stimulation and good. I think a coaching program is needed coaching for Canadian orienteers. in all the clubs. Each one should have a beginning coaching program and also a In addition to the numerous training camps weekly training program. The training the two did follow-up (running behind an session doesn't have to be fancy, just have individual in order to ascertain the strengths three or four courses, one for the beginner, and weaknesses) on over thirty Canadians. intermediate, etc. ERIC: "We have met with all the Juniors and "It's important to have more club activi- the National Team members except for two who ties, especially in the winter to make

17 people feel ike they're in a club. The "It's good to have as many meets as possible. social aspect is very important. (In Sweden there are so many meets you can run too much. Here that's not a problem). "In our club in Sweden during the winter we have one night a week in a gym and once "The person interested in making the 1983 a week we go running together, like street relay team should be able to do race after race with no more than five minutes in errors Then you're a really good relay runner. He "One of the best ways to get people improv- should consistently be within five minutes ing in the sport is to have them (eg. a of the top runners and have no bad runs. bunch of juniors) work together and train together. If you have a group of juniors "Within the club you can train the relays. having fun together, training together Have a mass start and set up the course like they'll push each other." a clover leaf with people running off to different controls. This present confusion, ANNE: "I think there are a lot of good thus emphasizing concentration." juniors coming up. Let's say in three to five years Canada will be one of the best "My personal goals center around the club non-Scandinavian countries in "0". The relays. I want to make top the team at the competitiveness of the juniors will club and from there to place that team among generate the excellence." the top ten relays in Sweden. (I also want to keep up with Canadian Champion, Ted de ERIC: "Juniors in many other sports like St. Croix!) being on a team. Relays are a lot of fun and get lots of people involved. In "This summer in Canada I've trained more Sweden we have many relays. Each spring than I usually do. I'm ready for the fall we run in 5 or 6 relays with as many as orienteering in Sweden." 100 to 500 competing teams (each with from 5 to 10 individuals). What's needed to (Eric's club has 200 members and in addition run a relay is: you must be a good runner to being on the board he is the mapping and a steady orienteer. It's also impor- chairman. He orders the base maps and tant for the "0" to run some relays where handles the administrative details.) they feel the pressure. ANNE: "My goals are to still be pretty good "We have a saying in Sweden that: 'Shared in individual races. For example: to be happiness is double happiness.' You feel able to beat most of the girls in Sweden that on the relay. If you succeed it's when I have a good race. really good! "Our club has a really good relay team. I "Orienteers who want to be on the Canadian want to be one of the three girls on it. National Relay Team for the World Champ- Our team could be one of the top five in ionships in 1983 should train physical Sweden. training during the winter. That includes running training, skiing and also map "During the winter I train a great deal of studies so they can just look five seconds cross country skiing. I would like to be at an area and be able to visualize it. one of the five best in Sweden for Ski-0. They should be able to see what's up and In 1982 I was in the top five. down so they can more or less draw a picture of it. "Every two years--held in the years between the World Championships--there are the "In the spring, as soon as there's no snow Nordic Championships consisting of Sweden, they should concentrate on running in the Denmark, Norway and Finland. I hope to go forest and reading the map at the same to the selection races when I return." time.

18 I.

ANNE and ERIC: "Our goals for Canada are national team members a match. All contenders should do more physical train- to have one individual in the top ten in ing and a lot of map reading." the World Championships in Hungary (1983) and both relays in the top seven. "And, anyone who wants to know about training programs please write to us: "In 1985 (Australia) a first medal for Canada, probably in the men's relay. To Anne and Eric Westerlund achieve these goals there should be a gthusvagen 6 national coach to look at the training S-82700 Ljusdal diary of each athlete and give feedback all Sweden the time. The juniors competing against each other will insure that they all For thosewho want to train in Sweden you improve. Next year the other orienteers have a place to stay with us. See you should be able to give the current next year!!"

Photo: Anne and Eric Westerlund in Manitoba

(Photo by T. de St. Croix) Let CPAiesteam of sports specialists gotowork for your team.

• We can arrange special interest sports tours based on regularly scheduled or charter departures. As well as special group fares. All this and CP Air service too. A Making arrangements for professional and amateur athletic groups is one of the things we do best. We have sports travel specialists in most major cities throughout the world.

Through our world-wide communications system, we can set up sporting events for you with other groups, anywhere in the world.

No matter where in the %IN 44", world you fly with us, well treat you to international cuisine, real china and silverware and friendly hospitality.

For more sporting details, call your travel agent or CP Air. And fly with a winner. CPAir

20 MANITOBA'S SUPERB "0" by Winnie Krogsrud

The nine days of "0" were over. Our crew expecting a big hill on my right and came settled in at Winnipeg's airport and slumped upon a big valley." into padded chairs. I finally had some free time and I wanted to put down in writing just WHAT DID YOU THINK THE AREA HERE WOULD BE exactly what the "0" was like at the COC's and LIKE? NAC's. But...my brain was numb. I scribbled a bit then spotted Sharon Crawford of the U.S. "I must admit I had my doubts when I heard th She had won the North Americans (ah...a likely that the meets were going to be in Manitoba. victim:) so...I cornered her. (I had two I figured the open areas would favor the hours before my flight and she had many hours runners and that the orienteering wouldn't remaining before her 4 a.m. departure). be very hard. BUT, there was excellent "0" and excellent running. To get through the Even though we felt a bit bedraggled mere meets took careful navigating AND you had the minutes into our discussion of the meets we opportunity to run IF you knew where you were. perked up. (Sharon was downright enthusiastic) . Those orienteers who didn't come to the COC's and the NAC's missed an opportunity HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE ORIENTEERING? for superb "0"." "It was superb! There was a premium on map reading and being able to envision the contours We talked of her "0" beginnings in 1973, her HOW WAS IT DIFFERENT FROM MASSACHUSETTS? attending six O'Ringens in a row, being able to get your mind in gear on THE day of the "In New England we don't navigate by vegetation race, the 1976 relays in Scotland on sand except to avoid the green areas. Here we had dunes which offered the same subtle "0" to use it in close conjunction with the found in Manitoba. contours. In fact, the only back-up here was the contour--there were no rocks, paths, My flight arrived and our Toronto crew buildings, streams, no distinct vegetation departed. Yes, Sharon described the nine days boundaries. I think that's the ultimate in "0" well, "Running ability helped, but you had to when contours determine where you are. They're be able to think while you ran." a third dimension because they have height, width and depth; other features are more two- dimensional. It's that third dimension--above the terrain--that you have to picure. And, contours are one of the last things that a beginner comes to grips with.' WHAT DO YOU DO TO HELP BEGINNERS? "When teaching contours to beginners I tell them two things: 1. when you're crossing a contour you're going up or down 2. the closer together the lines are the steeper it is. "Even with years of experience there have been times when I've run courses and was

wt HIS IS MY IDEA OF A REAL WATER CoN1ROL

21 NOAH'S ARK

by Winnie Krogsrud

A hawk Swoops down and swipes a head band. A "I was running through the woods and WHAM-- bear "garumphs" in the bushes, then speeds I thought I'd been hit from behind by a bear. away as a man runs down a forest path. The Next thing I knew I was on the ground. Then sun sets after 10:00 p.m. which delays the I saw it--a hawk. It swooped down on me night event start 'til 11:30. The place? again and I took off...He hit me on the head." Hinton, Alberta. The occasion? The Fourth Annual Blue Lake Orienteering Clinic. "Let me see." hmmm...blood!

Fifty orienteers converged on Blue Lake Back at the lodge more hawk stories surfaced. during the long July 1 weekend. The four In years past the swooping was so frequent day session exposed the participants to a that competitors trotted through one speci- variety of training drills and more than a fic area of the map holding twigs and leaves fair share of memorable experiences. over their heads.

To those who've attended the clinic the words In the evening there were two 4 control "Blue Lake" conjure up more than orienteering. courses set near the lodge. At each site They bring to mind a haven/heaven. A place there were four numbered snatches of map. with: sauna, showers, drying room for "0" Each had the start and one leg. The competi- gear, carpeted cabins, night reading lights tor set his compass bearing, memorized the for each bunk, large well equipped lecture distance to the control and went into the halls, a comfortable lounge just outside bush without a map. Once at the control he the cafeteria, food that is abundant in used the back bearing to return to the quantity--excellent in taste and delightful common start. in variety, vans to wisk competitors to the various map sites, a lake ideal for swimming, Day Two offered rough compass on one map and several maps and many instructors knowledge- precision orienteering on another. In both able and eager to help each participant. instances an instructor followed each orienteer on one or two legs to give immedi- Each of the four days was packed. The camp ate feedback. The rough orienteering began with a three man relay. Instantly included longish legs which ended at an the competitors became acquainted with two easily recognizeable feature. The precision new faces. Upon returning to the lodge the "0" had a combination of line "0" and results were posted immediately and awards controls set close together. were given. Among all the "normal" drills the clinic The afternoon course was a long one. There hosted a night event. With several years was no pressure to run it, just be back by of clinics a good deal of legend/rumor/ dinnertime. It was on this excursion that tradition and down-right horror stories the clinic organizer, George Murphy, startled surrounded the night event. The late the bear. (It was not 'til the clinic was setting sun added to the excitement/fear. over and George was home in Edmonton that he The first start time was 11:30 and with "let slip" the bear tale). This same long 40-50 competitors some people didn't leave "0" course was the scene for Doug Bishop's the relative sanity of the lodge 'til well introduction to THE HAWK. One competitor after midnight. came upon Doug with two controls 'til home. Said orienteer was enjoying an "imaginative" Three women opted for the short course... route choice which meant that Doug was not and lived to tell their story. on course.

22 "Anne Westerlund was one of the clinic was down. Usually the cafeteria was packed instructors. She'd medaled in a World "0" with ravenous orienteers striving to stock up Championships, so...when she said: 'I don't enough calories to see them through the long really enjoy night '0'--'1 don't want to go hours 'til lunch. But_the night "0" had alone' and 'I do not have a flashlight' I levelled a few dozen. figured--here's my only chance of survival. Next on the clinic's agenda was "In groups of "Anne, a roommate and myself signed on as two plan your own session...but before going wayfarers and bargained ruthlessly for an out, clear it with your instructor:" Two early start time. (To tell the complete favorite choices were: Follow John: One truth...we'd been in bed and Anne, George "0" has a map and runs a course followed by Murphy and Juri Peepre had knocked down the a mapless "0" who is franctically trying to cabin door and badgered us 'til we slipped remember all he passes and how many metres "0" gear over our nightgowns. We stepped were involved. At certain points along outside to once again brave the persistent the course the map holding "0" stops and has drizzle which threatenedto sink us all into the mapless one tell where they are located. Blue Lake.) Route Choice: The two orienteers set-up a leg and each takes a different route. "My roommate had a 'pen' flashlight, mine was a bit bigger, but faltering, and Anne After the partner session preparations were sported only her smile. The big moment made for the infamous Blue Lake Follies. came and we dashed out the door. The This tradition-packed event is designed to journey to the first control set the program test the limits of each competitor. The for the night. I held the flashlight for course planner strives to: Anne to read the map. Within 15 seconds we -hang flags in the wrong places were off and running. (Running at a pace - faster than I used during daylight). Anne give incorrect control codes zoomed on ahead using only her instincts -give incorrect descriptions of the control -hang "dummy" controls close to the right ones and night vision--we trotted on behind. At -have the master map in an inaccessible the control we caught up and Anne took another quick look at the map memorizing location -have NO start triangle on the master map. all the details necessary to get us to the next control. (In the 1981 Follies one competitor studied "She was amazing, very fast and we won. In the course and found several dozen errors.) those short 23 minutes I almost learned too much. Yon international orienteer could: In addition to the mayhem all competitors 1, see well in unreal conditions, are strongly urged to find a costume which 2. read the map quickly will survive the course. 1982 entrants came up with: a walking tree-complete with 3. picture the terrain quickly 4. use one brief glance to navigate control flag, a witch with bloody fingernails several hundred metres carrying a huge bleached thigh bone, a caterpillar which turned into a butterfly, a 5. recall the control code at the end of strangely deformed rooster, several new-wave each leg enthusiasts, but NO DUCK. 6. move extremely quickly through spongy moss, wet bush and rutted trails. The motley crew assembeld in Wild Hay Hall. (Wild Hay Hall was the lecture area. It lost "All in all...if you're going to do a its name 24 hours into the clinic and became night '0' that starts after 11:30 and you're "Cookie Hall." ...Each evening the Blue Lake worried about getting enough sleep to cooks left many dozens of cookies in two large survive the rest of the training camp... tins at Wild Hay thus setting the stage for well...a 23 minute run with Anne is a one of the "Great Moments in Sport." The pleasant way to do it. (We were back in five- bed by 12:05)" signal for action was, "We'll take a minute break before we..." The next morning the breakfast attendance

23 The last words were always lost. No fewer galloped over hill and dale, ducked swooping than ten bodies erupted from their chairs, hawks, squished along deer trails, wiped rain swooped on the tins and destroyed their drops off the map, and prayed for bear contents.) avoidance.

The assembled "motleys" received the The winners were crowned at the Cookie Hall instructions for the Follies, loaded into ceremony. (Many of the prizes looked the vans and splashed to the meet site. suspiciously like the ones which had been The faint drizzle which had arrived a few given on several previous occasions). All hours after the camp started had progressed- went home. non stop for four days--into a steady rain. The keyed-up,—Zaly dressed competitors Two months later a great many of the Blue confined themselves to the vans while the Lake Veterans were at the Canadian Orienteer- meet disorganizers headed for the bush. ing Championships. George Murphy accounted One story surfaced, "Last year this was my the B.L.'s and handed out the 1982 t-shirt. best event. I hardly noticed the errors!" The heated debate over whether the shirt should feature a hawk or rain had been Finally...Start time... The competitors decided. The 1982 model sports an ark in raced to the master map area and climbed a deluge...which pretty much tells the story. a cargo net resplendent with an overhead tarp. At any one time three or four bodies could be seen swinging and cursing while trying to draw semi-accurate circles on a wiggly--noisy--wetish net.

The race had its quota of Follies which will never be dislodged from the harried brains of those few who survived. CANOE "0" The search for one control hadeight victims by Julie De Pas calling to each other from various points of a large swamp. This summer our family had decided to spend A hilltop control, misplaced, was easily three weeks up at Killarney Provincial Park found by three unintentional wayfarers. in Ontario which is considered a wilderness (One wayfarer's husband came trotting park and a paradise for canoeists. It is down the wrong hill and gestured wildly located on Highway 647, off Highway 69, south towards the miscreant's location.) of Sudbury. Because of its rugged scenic beauty (turquoise lakes surrounded by white One competitor breezed through the entire quartzite ridges) it has been called the course. He hadn't placed his control "Crown Jewel" of the Ontario Parks System. description sheet in the map case and the paper had disintegrated in his pocket. All During the first week of our stay my husband, he had to go by was the course he'd drawn son, three other Venturers and another on his map. He had no misleading codes, Venturer Advisor were going canoe tripping locations, whatever. When he came upon a into the interior. My daughter Ceri and I control near his circle he punched in and thought it might be fun that week to moved on. organize a Canoe Orienteering meet at the main campsite at George Lake. We decided to write The next and last day never dawned--it to the Park to ask if this was a possibility just grayed. The ever-increasing rain had and were delighted when Carol, the Park increased some more and the still soggy Naturalist, phoned enthusiastically and we competitors attacked the final event: THE were able to set a tentative date for the MEET. Several courses were offered and a meet and a time for an initial meeting to surprisingly enthusiastic crew once again discuss the course.

24 777

During the week before we left Oakville-amidst there was some trepidation. We wondered all the hectic preparations, feeling almost if we were getting ourselves in too deeply submerged by dome tents, waterproof matches, (Not IN the lake I hoped, but ON it in a ziploc bags and Musk of-I did manage to fit canoe). in a final game of tennis. I casually asked my friend Peggy "and where are you going The first morning Carol and Terry (the assis- camping this summer?" When she replied tant naturalist) came to our campsite as "Killarney" I quickly asked if they would like arranged and we discussed the maps and our to take part in our Canoe Orienteering meet. course. Carol had told me on the phone When Peggy showed interest I produced the that they had a copier in the Parks Office phone number for Killarney Outfitters and to and there seemed to be no problem about our delight she phoned and booked a rental getting the maps run off. (I understand canoe. Now, Ceri and I did wonder if they this is not a method to produce accurate might be our only entrants and how we'd maps but as we were only planning to use explain and remain friends (eg. pay the the outline of George Lake which has many rental fee?), if no one else showed...but we distinctive features, we felt sure this kept the faith! would work out well). At this stage our real aim was to publicize "0" and have fun One afternoon, this same week, returning home so we weren't concerned about the lack of with an enormous bag of Magic Pantry meals contour lines! Carol and Terry also had (the cashier at the Woolco check out asked if six which, although they weren't they were really that good?!) I found time really necessary, we felt some people to glance at the mail which included the might like to use. June edition of Orienteering Canada. On reading the last paragraph of Winnie's On Tuesday morning, a beautiful day, Ceri editorial and her references to a canoe and I and Carol and Terry set out to hang meet, I realized how ill prepared I was controls and properly plan the course. and rushed to phone Winnie. "What is (Could we put a control at that spot which lining in reference to ?" Winnie looked so good on the map, etc.?) The was in Chicago--HELP!!--and Rick did meet was set for 1 p.m. the following certainly help. We discussed many aspects afternoon. There are well supported even- of this venture I had in mind and I was ing programmes at the Amphitheatre every particularly relieved to learn that lining Tuesday evening and we thought it would be is tying ropes to your canoe to walk it a golden opportunity to annouce the meet through white water and rapids which you and get some publicity. We always had that would not want to through. (There is nagging fear that no one would show up no white water in Killarney Park so that since so many people with in eliminated that concern.). Rick gave me Killarney Park head off for the interior. lots of helpful advice about using the compass with the regular topographical map Nearly all the suggested spots for controls and a wonderful reminder to take map cases. worked out well with the exception of two. (How could I have forgotten that...for canoe Carol suggested we steer clear of one orienteering yet!!) stretch of the shoreline as a bear had been seen near the beaver dam there. On July 11th we left for Killarney with all Another idea had been to locate a control our paraphernalia, plus the Orienteering at A.Y. Jackson Lake, but this did not controls I'd made, modelling them on the appear to be too considerate a choice as controls we'd used at the HKF Fun Runs this one of the interior campsites is located summer...all neatly encased in plastic bags. at the end of the lake. We thought it We'd been canoeing on George Lake before might not be appreciated if people came so we took along our tentative course, charging through their site in search of bearing in mind Rick's thoughts on making a control. Also there were problems in it comparable to a white course. beaching the canoe and the rock face at that particular location. As we haven't been in "0" long and the only other meet we'd organized was a bicycling Fortunately for me, Ceri had just returned "0" for our local Guides and Pathfinders, from a two week canoeing trip on the French River and was able to handle the

25 stern of the canoe; manoeuvering us into ing their sister and her two girl friends. position, to get in and out to climb the A real battle of the seas! To the relief of pink granite rocks in search of appropriate their parents they came in dead even with an features to hang the controls on. For elapsed time of exactly one hour. (There variety we placed one control at a trail would be no gloating that night.) junction about five minutes walk from the end of the lake, but had to choose a Ceri and I set people off at different times location where canoes could be beached in the hope that there wouldn't be too much easily and safely. Carol and Terry took following. as the shape of the lake with its compass readings as Ceri and I scrambled various points and curves tended to discourage over rocks. When we got back to the dock this. Carol took all the information back to the office to run off copies. I really appreciated all their help, enthusiastic interest and cooperation. It does seem as though they are looking for new ideas and programmes.

The following morning Ceri and 1 decided to visit the campsites (143 in all, but not everyone was "at home") just to jog people's memories about the meet that afternoon. We were pleased with the interest shown and Ceri's new chain necklace (received from my sister in Switzerland) which had come in handy to explain what an Orienteering control looked like.

We got back to our site just after 12 noon for a quick lunch before heading to the dock when the heavens opened and it poured with rain. "Why now?" We looked at each other glumly. It had eased to a drizzle by 12:45 when we headed for the beach to meet up with Terry and Carol.

"This will probably put people off." We fretted and fumed. About 1:15 p.m. it did seem brighter and canoes did indeed start to arrive and assemble. In the end we had a total of eleven canoes with various combinations of adults and children and dogs giving a total of 32 people taking part. Four canoes chose to take compasses. We UNDER WATER PUNCH?? handed out the maps, and map cases (bless you Rick) and gave instructions on spotting (Photo by Julie De Pass) in numerical order the appropriate control and noting down the correct letters for each one. Carol's typed out descriptions showed her background, instead of "the tree on the point" it read "the pine tree on the point".

The majority sped around the course and we had great competition between one canoe containing two brothers and another contain-

26 There were a few ominous claps of distant We were expecting them to challenge the thunder and anxious parents waiting on the Hooiveld's time. As the minutes passed, it beach voiced fears about whether their off- became clear they were taking much longer spring would realize they should head for than the average, which was just over the shore should the storm come our way. hour. Finally they rounded the point with Fortunately, we escaped the storm and by the news that they had taken time out to the end of the event it was sunny and very watch a bear, yes, on that stretch of the pleasant. shore where we'd been considering placing our third control (Good thinking, Carol). The winning couple, Chuck and Cheri Hooiveld, and their dog raced back in 50 minutes. Another couple used the course more as an Their dog valiantly helped paddle as they exercise in compass bearings which I hadn't pulled into the home stretch. Finally he expected, but we felt everyone seemed to have lost patience and lept into the water and a really good time. All comments were swam for shore. highly favourable and different people got different things out of the meet, which is We had decided not to be too precise with one of the great things about "0"--the the times, not anticipating very close sport for each and every one of us. finishes, but I think on another occasion I would give seconds, although the parents Then there was Patricia who had suggested of the two canoes who tied preferred at the beginning that the winners should be looser tabulations. treated to dinner at the Killarney Mountain Lodge, an exclusive spot 10 km away catering While we were waiting on the beach there to the needs of the yachting community down was an opportunity to discuss "land" on Georgian Bay and Baie Fine where sailing orienteering and I was able to show maps is second only to that around the Greek and membership forms. islands (so we've been told). Having given Patricia the speel about the satisfaction of During our wait for the competitors father winning (recalling Steve Pearson's words at and son returned from a week in the his one-man meets in the spring) Ceri and I interior..."yes, they'dhad fun, but had were pleased when Cheri Hooiveld of the run out of food, and no, they didn't want winning couple told us later in the week to take part in our meet as they were going that she'd taken a photograph of the Park to give canoeing a rest for a while, but Notice Board where we had posted the results. thank you all the same." She wanted to take proof to show the folks at at home of their canoe orienteering victory. We had times for the course varying from 50 minutes to one hour and 30 minutes. Another plus for us; we met lots of nice The father/daughter team who did in fact, people and when my husband Neville and son, come in last had us slightly concerned for Mark, wanted to know how we know people the a while, as the father (from Michigan) answer was "from the Canoe Orienteering." seemed to understand the concepts better than any other competitors. He brought It was a fun project and one I'd highly his own compass along and demonstrated to recommend any other interested "0" attempting us how he places his compass in the bottom it. of the canoe and efficiently swings the craft craft whereas we normally turn our bodies. He also understood about the "direction of travel" arrow.

I'd watched his teenage daughter expertly handling a the previous afternoon and felt we had a formidable combination here.

27 CHANGES TO C.O.F. MAP DRAWING SYMBOLS by Malcolm Adams

During the past 2 years the I.O.F. Mapping A group of distinct boulders tooclose together Committee has been working on updating the Map to be shown to scale on the map will be repre- Symbol Drawing Specifications. The changes to sented by a single solid black triangle the specifications awere approved at the oriented to the north. recently held 1.0.F. Congress and will now remain in effect for the next 4 years. Areas that are permanently out of bounds for all competitors will be shown with vertical At the C.O.F. Mapping Committee meeting held black lines 1.0 mm apart. in Carberry just prior to the North American Championships, a Canadianized version of the The major change in the Specifications is in revised symbols was approved and should be visibility and runnability (yellow and green). used on all future Canadian maps. The Map The green is now changed to PMS 361, a bright Symbol Specifications include a bilingual yellow-green which is more visible to colour legend and also covers suggested universal blind people. field work symbols and symbols for simple black and white maps. The diagonal yellow stripe used to show logged areas is now replaced by a fine yellow-dot The following is a overview of the changes: screen and re-named 'Rough Open'. This can also be used for areas with long grass, Line thickness for contours, trails, streams, dwarf bushes, etc., where it is difficult etc., has been increased. Also the dash and to run. Open areas remain solid yellow, but space dimension for these symbols has been semi-open areas will be shown with a new changed. Indistinct trails will now be shown large dot screen. by omitting every third dash. The 3 existing tones of green are retained Earth walls or banks will now be represented to show 'Slow Run', 'Walk' and 'Fight' in by the same symbol as a stone wall except the forest areas and 2 new green symbols (green colour will be brown. The old earth wall verticle lines 1.0 mm and .55 mm apart) symbol will, in future, only be used for a have been introduced toshow the level of beaver or earth dam. reduced runnability caused by dense ground cover in forest or rough open areas.

SHORTS-FROM THE THE I.O.F. CONGRESS

by Gord Hunter

The 10F has a new president. Bengt Sal tin Miroslav Hlavacek of CSSR was re-elected of Sweden has replaced Finland's Lasse vice president and Heinz Tschudin of Heideman who stepped down after eight years Switzerland replaced fellow countryman as president. Willy Mathys as the other vice president.

Sal tin, a former Swedish '0' Federation Re-elected to the Council were Gord Hunter (SOFT) president is a well known professor of Canada, John Disley (Britain) and Herbert of physiology in Copenhagen. He travels Hartman (West Germany). extensively to conferences and lecture series - a fact which will help him keep in touch with the orienteering world.

28 New members of the council are Sarolta The decision will be made final by the Monspart (Hungary), Ted Wester (Australia) Council at its meeting in Hungary next year and Paul Erik Birk Jacobsen (Denmark). after member countries have had a chance to discuss the idea and give feedback to the The new council is quite different in its IOF. composition from previous councils as for ** ****** ***** the first time there are no members from Finland and Norway. There are now two members Ireland will be the host country for the from outside Europe. next IOF Congress in 1984. It will be held in early July to allow delegates to parti- Many of the members are personally acquainted cipate in international events in the summer with orienteering in Canada. Besides Hunter, in Europe and North America. Disley was the first Canadian Champion in 1968 and he has visited here many times since. Denmark will host the 1986 Congress which Bengt Saltin was a member of the historic will mark the 25th anniversary of the Swedish team that visited Quebec and Ontario founding of 10F in Copenhagen in 1961. in 1971, making maps holding clinics and ****** **** * ** *** showing us how it was done. Saltin placed fourth behind three other Swedes in that Ottawa will be the scene of a minor year's championships. historic event late next April. The IOF Council will hold its first meeting ever Sarolta Monspart, the former world champion outside of Europe. from Hungary, visited Quebec in 1980 and participated in that year's Quebec The meeting will involve the nine member Championships. council and 101 committee chairmen. While the meeting itself will last two days it is hoped that many of the visiting experts Besides the Council the IOF committee will be able to stay longer to experience chairmen for the next two years were Canadian orienteering and to share some of selected. They include: their expertise (i.e. mapping, promotion) with local Canadian groups. Press Committee - Sue Harvey (UK) Map Committee - Jan Lein (N) The COF also hopes to use the visit to Ski-0 Committee - Torsten Ahlander (5) encourage the possibility of Canada being Development and chosen as the host nation for the world Promotion Committee- Chris James (UK) championships in 1989 or 1991. Technical Committee - Rolf Heineman (DDR) *** It ****** ***** ************* Two countries were admitted to full IOF membership at the congress. Hong Kong The 101 Council has tentatively ratified a and Yugoslavia became the 27th and 28th suggestion from the Finnish Orienteering members of the international body. India, Federation that wilt See veterans' age Singapore and the Philippines are associate classes move to five year intervals from 35 members. There are also over a dozen upwards (i.e. H35, H40, H45 etc.) countries including the Soviet Union and Rumania where orienteering is practiced but, It was suggested that this age grouping will as yet, the country hasn't. joined the !OF. bring orienteering in line with similar masters sports such as skiing and "Have Compass, Will Travel" could be the running. theme of a pool of orienteering experts the 10F Development Commitee has lined up. This new classification will apply to both Mostly young Scandinavians, these are men and women in international events experts in mapping, coaching, course starting in 1984. It will be optional setting, etc. who are willing to travel and whether countries adopt the standards for help developing countries often for no heir national events. more than their room and board.

29 In mapping news the IOF Map Committee has A final word of homage to the Belgian adopted new mapping standards for Orienteering Federation for hosting the 1982 orienteering maps. The major modifications Congress. The Congress was held in a palace involve a simplification of the use of on the Domaine de Wegimont near Liege. John greens to denote vegetation and runnability. Pearson, Tommy Ghuys and the rest of the organizing committee did a tremendous job The Map Committee is also interested in taking care of the delegates and making sure holding an Advanced Mapping Clinic some- the Congress and its associated meeting ran where in North America in 1984. The last smoothly. one here was held at Arundel in 1979. The orienteering club, Hermathenae, hosted It may also be possible for Jan Lein of the delegates for the traditional IOF race Norway, the committee chairman, to partici- in a beautiful forest near the historic pate in a Canadian clinic next spring town of Spa. should one be arranged near the time of the 10F Council meeting in late April.

SKI-ORIENTEERING COMING TO THE OLYMPICS?

by Gord Hunter

Thanks to a group of Alberta orienteers, we While the 17-3 vote with several abstentions may soon be watching orienteering as part of by the Congress was somewhat surprising in the Olympic Games. the magnitude of support for the Olympic idea it also reflected the great amount of The Alberta group, which includes A.O.A. preparatory work done by the Calgary group to president Jim Webster, Ken Robertson, line up support for their idea. Gabrielle Savard and Andy Newson have been promoting the idea of being Canadian delegate,Gord Hunter, was sent to included as part of the the Congress armed with Alberta maps, ski in Calgary. brochures, pins, ski scrapers, slides, and a booklet about Calgary including letters of Virtual newcomers themselves to Ski Orienteer- support from COF President, Pat de St. Croix; ing nonetheless they held a series of success- Calgary Olympic Committee Vice President, ful Ski-0 meets last winter and with the help Brian Murphy, and Calgary Mayor Ralph Klein. of Eddie Bauer Sports were able to produce The mayor's letter said in part "(Orienteer- and distribute promotional ski scrapers ing's) use and conservation of our city's bearing the slogan "Ski Orienteering: parks is a model for other sports associ- Striding towards the Winter Olympics." ations. We look forward to your continued growth in the future." Endorsement of their idea was received from the C.O.F. Annual General Meeting and this Having received the 10F's blessing the next summer the idea received a tremendous boost step is for the Calgary Olympic Development when the Congress of the International Committee (CODA) to decide whether or not to Orienteering Federation voted overwhelmingly accept to include ski orienteering as a to support the bid of the Alberta ski "demonstration" sport. The program of orienteers to be included in the '88 Olympics. official medal sports has already been

30 determined as the same nine that were on the Further, as a sign of support for the Calgary 1980 program. However, up to two new sports bid, the organizers of the 1984 World Ski may be added as unofficial demonstration Orienteering championships in Italy have sports. Curling, dog and free offered to host visiting delegates from style skiing are the other sports that have Calgary to observe the pre WOC meet near expressed an interest in being included. Trentinothis winter and the WOC next year. The COF hopes to send at least one delegate Concurrent with attempts to join the Olympic and possibly a team to each of these events. movement will be programs to develop ski-0 in North America. The COF has established After several false starts it seems that ski a Ski-0 commmittee under the interim orienteering is finally on track in Canada. chairmanship of George Murphy of Edmonton. If you wish to get involved in this sport Provincial associations will be encouraged to contact your club or provincial association. develop a schedule of ski-0 meets and All support will probably be gratefully championships. received.

The 1.0.F. Ski Orienteering Committee has offered to send instructors for an Officials and Technical Development Clinic in North America this winter.

NEW RULES FOR W.O.C.S by Gord Hunter, Member 1.0.F. Council

World Orienteering Championships are about to In the qualification race if there are more change in two ways - one significant, one than BO entrants in one class the organizer hopefully not significant - thanks to must split the field on two separate but decisions made at the recent IOF Congress in equivalent courses. The top 25 orienteers Belgium. in each race will qualify for the final. In addition if any country fails to place a Because of an increasing number of partici- competitor in the top 25 of either race then pants in the WOC's the IOF has adopted a their best competitor will be admitted to the qualifying race format for future meets. The final. aim of the qualifying race is to get the number of participants in the final down to a If there are less than 80 entrants then the manageable number. organizer may decide on only one qualification race in which the top 50 + countries' best The Championships will involve a 5 day would go to the final. programme as follows: Qualification races will be approximately 1st Day-Demonstration race and official 2/3 the length of the final. opening. 2nd Day-Qualification races for the individ- At the congress I expressed concern that the ual championships qualification process will only work properly 3rd Day-Individual final if the IOF Technical Committee and race 4th Day-Rest day or demonstration race for organizers are prepared to deal with the relay 5th Day-Relay Championships and closing problem of "tagging: . i.e. a good ceremony. runner but perhaps a poor orienteer follow-

31 11111111111M.Irr' °

ing behind or beside a top orienteer in 1 order to gain a better standing. Stories of "Wally the Wagon" and "Follower Frank" and the New Zealand marathoner who in 1976 IT'S A LOT OF BULL ! lost 30 minutes to a Swede over the first 3 controls and then ran step to step with him the rest of the way to move from last by Colin Kirk to 27th place are all well known to former Canadian team members.

In the past tagging has had little impact In another article in this issue mention was on the final results - no medals, have been made of the two large bulls that roamed the won or lost as a result of it. However, N.A.C. area in Carberry. After the N.A.C. if it happens in the qualification race awards ceremony a small group of orienteers it means that the 51st and perhaps other remained to go and collect the control finishers will have lost out on a chance markers. This chore was accomplished by to be in the final because of another's around 7:30 p.m. The group then shared two dishonesty. bottles of wine (courtesy of the 4 Alberta officials who left early and donated the In real terms if the qualification race wine as a peace offereing) and a zuchinni system had been used at WM81 in Switzerland cake (courtesy of Betty Phillips.) Graham McIntyre of Great Britain who placed 51st would not have gained a final spot The last two cars left the finish area around because a weaker orienteer followed Ted de 7:30 with Colin Kirk 2 or 3 minutes ahead of St. Croix for a large part of the course Earle Phillips. Approximately half way down thereby gaining a better placing and pushing the road leading out of the area one of the McIntyre out of the top 50. bulls (gigantic hereford)stepped out of the woods in front of Colin's car, looked dis- A practical solution to the problem of tainfully at him and then turned and walked tagging will not be easy to find but very sedately down the middle of the road narrow and it the Technical Committee has promised to ahead of the car. The road was study the situation. was impossible to pass the animal which was walking at about 2 km an hour. DOPING FORBIDDEN After about 500 metres or so, Earle Phillips The Congress also approved a change to the came up behind but couldn't see the bull statutes of the IOF to forbid doping of any ahead that was causing the funeral speed type in the World Championships in both procession. Earle pulled over to the side to ski and . Starting with see what was causing the problem. Guffaws of the '83 meet in Hungary a selection of loud laughter burst from Earle and Betty athletes will be tested according to Phillips upon seeing the huge bull stridinn accepted international practices. If ponderously down the middle of the road. foreign substances are detected in a series The parade continued almost until the gate of lab analyses then the orienteer will be leading out of the area when the bull stepped dealt with accordingly. to one side and allowed the two cars to pass. It was almost as if it were letting us know The IOF will pay for doping tests up to that the event was naq over and that it was 1985. However, after that date the costs of escorting us out of its domain. the tests will be the responsibility of the organizing nation. ************* In other WOC related developments prelimi- nary approval was given to Bulgaria to host the Ski-0 championships in 1986 and to France to host the foot orienteering meet in 1987. Australia was confirmed as host nation for the 1985 140C; Canada did not contest that decision. ************* 32

-• •

• • • • • • • • • • • f":-":" 7 M ..w.- 0

MOD r roe, 1 1 -. n Si 111.. S1 tOns.2 ne00

. 1700.• • 3 •• ■ .2.C••• 40 no C •On el• • 7• r ,,,,, Z O 111 01• 07 O. .1n• ZOC4 0 • • .4,42 ,,,,, SIT • Ona OOOOO n na00.*•1108 (A *Can. •0.• • C • 0 /On•4 • n • es ■ • •

0040002100M NX=4•2 0....2C00. •••. • O wOOnoo4n7 ( nn r c no...booboo. 76Dnnn. n• 0000. . 0...son.0 nI10.0 .• tonne.. 00 .00 OCT C.4enn 004 • • • SA • .... •-• .00 •0 • * • In re ro 0 .n0 IR . .o• AM. • 702 in Sr • n a a..- ••• . ... • ... a- - • 4•0 X %tie n 04. n .44, ••3 0.n ... • 02.0n 4 • •es00 • .., • • • . a 0 ■ 000 n. nn • n 2.C.. •1 Pr• • • 000 0 .00 O. X sin•00O ■• = • o • - n 0 a a 22 •0 V 0 es C X 0 n 010.•n m , • • • n 0 : 1.• a n n 4 a XX • • • : an a• Oww. 400.0!"0 W. .. •• •• •• .6 nw. .010 0•0•0 ec.0 ..w. 2. 0.. 0...w 40.40r 0.-0 OW. . 0. WOO sr .00 snw00. ✓ Pa .4 §1...

Ap .0W. 0 Art SA 4sWn weew0 005 4.0 "•4 400 W... ■ • • •• • •-• W 0 0 0 ..... 01..4.4wor ww. 00. w uo . 0.0 NO. ••• 0“0 ■ 3.

n P PP .00 u .0 us PJ N N "••••0 .ww 01 0 .0 C7 N 0 ' 4..00 . 0 ..... e wO •.• .400 3

0 ,.,:_. r 1,,,,, ..._ . "a C P. ...... • • " • • la 0 a P. C 2 ••• ••• .. rmorx. wa. wriglalor PWAW . 6 . .•04•6 .61DOW0 ow. mono 4000960240.0nell.do OnnOnO w Mnlb W.. nib 7 ••. lire OP ..a n7 O. • • n los • pX OOOOO e •W.0 - V .610 own neonl wallal. 1144 • • An 0=0 1104111•• n 2 n• an a n OOOOOO .21•. 0.0(.0 •• re . EN. • n • .....wwwwom•n.466. ••• • . •••• ••. O. poOMMW Son 010 mool•so •.n. OOOOOO ■ •.. 4• e • X nen..170■ nOW 1161n •.0.02.416nOn 11,SeenD *• ft Ir 47. .12.70 monsm OOOOO n o n 0 16616 • .11.0 now n iv ..ns Wft• n 6C n rn Oi • t . n • .. •11 0 ■ 0 • 0 l• •C SO s•fl • 7 s I" • Poo Ilea • 7 • 0 4. ► rt • . • 11

CCX022 maNW. 004 20. 2.0220 ..... CAN r. • • . • • .0..6 0.0 • .. 60.00..n. 4.4447• St POMO. On eAr .0 40 .1000. nO ab. .7 070 .0 n ro • • 0 , n n O- .... no . 00 en sow onnwm m ■ ones. .000.n n e s 0. fla.lon 004 nO OD n 4. 4 n .OF 00 .01,0.• It . 0 . 0060 D n a 0 0 111 0• 022 4 0 ... AO.; 212 O 0 1 a be n 0. a a n aC n ••• • pp • , 0. C ■ • • • , o m w a H s. m ., a N a • a 42 *, 1.1 2• 2 O n isl •

..b..1.■ 1'. N- 1.0.40.0.0 .0 .j. IA .... .fg 0. *. 00 .. .11, Nu 0"• ...A.0 00 2 0.^00m. %I • 3. P"' 222=0. 4 ► Ma. 41

owl 4■. ••• ••• ww wnw 740wM wow. 0.. • • .0 0.0 •• •• •••••• VS4 N• WOW -V- . Os PO OP 0•. ;us N01 w a " ▪ OOV 0.444 ee..•.L 3.1.6 ww wus V 0.0 wa wN 070 0. ...0 .4.0 ••- .5 0 so. •-. N. Ono.. non.3 0.

▪ ▪ 5 -.- 0 .. 0..0 w ■ a.a.^0.0....N.40.^a4. .0. fta ■ C on., ...... 04.4 Na n

0•. 0.01Y YOr 0 0 a OD A.g...a.m.,40.044a 00.0 .T. ■ 0 ^.0 00 0. ••• a ON .7,. ... .WYCA N. 00. -. ■ 00 Fly NY ,*

nN. n Co se ...... 05•00041 0000.4ma40,4 0...ar1.0.44.4 • .....N 0 fsl ...... C 4,14.11.

0aa 43 0 4.• N •• ...... ..... a. 0.0 ■ -

■ Imow.mm N w 0 V WWWWWWW ...M OftimuNg4e,O.A ...... N i i i i .0 ...... a.-MO 00. ■ 0042 a ■ m ■ COm..0.0.44 ..... Cm. ■ ■■ • ■ • ■ o . . • u ■ . O A OA AO•A 00 AO • 0 0 M ••■ Y 0 M. 0 .4•10 • . . o. • u .44 u v2 MO uM412 0 *MU 2M • P uuu 4 ■ .H u 4. .0.. . • • • . • • • • . 0 m u u Op • 00 00X0 u muu Ou Xeu u).0 X u. O OV A CV 4 0 V • a 0 U a . 0 0 • • .m o 0 • C MO• u .00 0 .00 400.0 • o. 4. ..,0 02i 00v A 0400 U x ouw S. 0010 10 014 So r So 0 1- 4 • 44M 10 47.0.4••••0.0 .02 42. ...yule. UNO.04V0.6. OWft..uw0.00.U002.0u00 Ou• ru.• u • ••-• • Al • • • •11•041 • • • . 05. .4 .. ..0 • .4 Ma440 . 0 • 0 ■ ■ -a U0 v). Ou00.000a...2. Maid..Oubl Om0022. 0 u.4 Moua • .0ow • • • Y • 0.0. 00. 0 .0.1.174/. *Md. X Vance 00.200 ...... mMmXmi+Cmus. ■ 14 ■ MaaruCaX 0* 0*

0 • C

1952 C 0 0 •• • y • a 0 I' • OA Fl. . . .12 PS •• 0 C •• 66002% TOO • 4 X T . Li 0 04 I U. 0 1. • 014.610FO.4T% I. MC T. 0 T .T041 A. ...41 MOOYFU.A.a.4 0 .0.204T 2 • 0..42.F42 A . .... al100.0 Id . WW2 aapn.ao o rl ri A NSH .1...0040.000.0 • .U..C 0 ...... 004. odua• ...la 40. ve.0.00..mo..470..u40.• 0.. 0 O 0 •• 0.0um meAmamapAv u 6 AU 000 o 00 PIO 2004 X0044. ivao 000000002 02X0 co. M 4.1 01 441$ me. • P.M.COMOMMW.M0 04 y..-44, o nsiwom ..2w.ov NA.M40440 U . 0 .M4000. ...I: O 0. 004F0.1. 0.AF0a2 . 0.T. CHA O 0.F.040.040. .4 ,70 ,40400 ...... 414A. AMMO ..... X.3 ...... X6112=OX124001T.,TO W>0.0 G • O 0 1 a - PN O ...... '21 -:;;,;• TEERIN N IE

OR ...aconw N

IA TT.0W00TaTO

wm.000■ 4, a ...... 000, Z2

CANAD YY . ■

0 04 04 0 .....

.na0.0.1.a2 ..... amma. 100. .seal 0 M04.1MVICNIAM

a C 0 •• 0 • I.1 • Ow • • 0 ■ ■ •C 0. i 0 • 0 • 0. 0•U 00 0. O' • C.1 • 0• S. 0• Ca 2.64 • . ■ ■ n • 0 • • • 00.4.4 0 0 a 0 VX•u MX 0 1.1 0 a CO • 4 • 4 m 0 r• 0 0 0 0 • • • a 0 •ul ■ 0 "Dace. 0 UP 1/00 ci NU U • 0 U 1414 ■ 044•0 •a 2 • • • MD 0 • WOW • • 0 • • • 0 0 •0. •{J. 00 .0 0 a u 0 ••4 00.O. 00. 0 . u 0. ' 00.05, ••• 0 ■ .o ▪ •••...0 •da • I.. a la F.11 •40...P •.1 Al O. O .14 O • r ..... CO . 05.50. 0 • • .0 ■ 2 0 . • a V 4 00 O ■ .• II ...... c• 41 • • ■ • 0 7. • .2440..014M*. X0442X4MX ot 6. . 0 • O O. 0 •

d M U v 0 • uuov V • • 6 01 Ar• • 0 u •,17• .00. ::::: 1 • • O A • • !...... aaaa .... . 0 • •• FIFF444 .. a 0 • 04.4A OM A 0.04.01aA dUhm400 ..1:1;4tnial aa T 00 YU an r z • .40M :::: . .U=ama • we %VISA . NOVm .0 ■ 0004. P ..... 0 •11.4.0-4.0 v. • u•-• ••••6 • • ■ 4:;147124."1 summOUUM 04X050.MmUm4 1 ■ 0 0 ...... ,rc'...:.;g434Il COURSE 4 c ...•.....• NI • a- • 4 r •

▪

r ■ •• ...... _...... ,.. r 12 ,.. m,mn ...... veer: O . c.rownxmacomr‘meanmxmmzms m 0 •40•7. •.•Oolor.00.••0•.0•0.0 n011n•11••Isa•O op . OOOOOO 0:;:. lap n.. 0 Olinnp..0..on.110•4...... •• ne • ..•••••Im.nv•n.OnO r ...... 41,660 palinvneenv› At . n SIP, Ven• O. .P.V m Newel XXon• on 0 nnw2. .4•0 r. 0 Cooll .1....0.17P. pr . X 110•. nmiC 0 ...... ,0.ne.00V0 ...1.30., • On .0.111 Vw• ••0 0..0 041WO 0 wItconC.„,_C: na. llne W•X 00•41•01.0.00..• . 0.500411.00C Vnoono...1.00. _21 .X.I.MOM0 0041.111.114..4... si0 ..monw .. .0 Mon•nonv 0.41.n 111”..•• O an.00.1.041 • • 0 0..a.. Ov 0 4.1lawnn C Wil n..• .... . en • Com 00 a 110. ,IP C • • ••.0.10 ..m. • n MN n . • . • . ■ • n• •• • 0.01 0.0011 . n • 7 • 4 a • ..1 0 n I.. V • 0 • 0. O. • 0 • .1 C II • .L. • .tiog ••€:

O

OOOOOOOOOOOOOO V 11•.. 0 .0.SOM. 0 00 ea Z.100•4•4•4 ■3 •OOOOOOOOOOO OZ.., •• • •• • ••rtn• • .1.0•10.• . P• 0 • 01 .). • • • 1..• PPO• •• .••• • P.• • • 0••• • •10•1•••••••• in n V • • In •• • • • • . .• • • IrSOMOir•Odmmnr00•0•••• ■ • • •7• n ••••m • • X 0 • V • • • • ••••• •• • • •• • OW .. no • I. • 0. . • 10 •• •0 00.0(711•0(1.4000.100...1110• nX• niZosn•fs• • 0• 0 /s• RA r• r, s• oft • n • • • f• • • • X• • 'l oi n OOOOO •nn • 7 •O•••••• ' On wo.m.“...n .00c.,* annn•n s n as• o•a lben• • n n•nla • ' .••0•.•0. ••• •0.0. . •. •... lolla • n • • • a . V • •as• • OPO• 4.1(0. OW O 0 •• Z •••.• • C wxx ..•••,,,c .0....•• a xuel .... imm. r) mins* n O. • • •• • • .0 • its r%•• 0 Ni In X an I2 vi • • or • • w• • .11 • • . n 0 • • n • 0 • on 0 0 • ■ m...- •- . ^ a r0 coy mm •• •- ••• ? -"' .001 o OOOOOO .-• ...so O ,s7 Pa 0 m OXims0 v..4..s0m0 T- VI3

YY vS00. S. 0 00. OO XS ► ...0.0.y0.0.0...... S y 11110VP X0 . . yv . T-

••• 1,11 OOO ....0 ...... O H

0 1 11111iN1110 1 w..n0 ...... 00.0Y.

3 ON1 3 .71.40VINONNN ...... ,••P • rl b. • .....•.. IM 0 x VI C •qp •• P. v w • m n . . . .. nm • a 0 • • • ..P.. 0 PI P • ...... soa0.opp.nw ..o....•... . = • PI • • • can • is DOSHWIDOn as- • 75411.n011 ,40 m se a, . • .1 77 • mman0 'we n. 10..n0. . S. ...ROO .n . m • 0 mils.. • • a v vnonw n•w • •a. W••OnMX .4 • 7 . (An al, VC.. CI .. nomm.0.0.0111 one •. Bo mm •sn • . 11 . 0 :0 0• . • 11. 1X .I moms , o r of...se...foams mosnws, 001. 0 . V onmrplim 0a ... Zan...... mr•L000.n•sm • 00/Ir 0. 01111CY0Y swozr R. • .0. .10. .11.0■ 01/ e. • n - ■ S O .7 . • •••••10a n . • 0 ••-•••••■ •••• n • 0.0.7. .01000..1111••0.6•. n a n • • . prnColl mm.01106.0V0a. 0.11oloW.Onm..00 a 0. ■ • • 0 1-• • aV. . ...Sun n la • II • V 0 •4•14 r C. W • 0 - NO ■ • 0

xs,.4oxonsmn.o ...... xnm,...n.o.iolen ...... o ..... M • • . • v. • • . • • • ■ • .. • • I+ C • • • • I.• • • P. • • • • • • •••• Pa • • • • c •-•0 mc••• D.C ., .• 0 0 0 • 0 .01 ON• al ..... 001. onnnn.*mo.c.c. ■ • ■•• ■••• • • ls• 1••••••• •• r• •••• • • •• •M••• P. • in • • P. • •n•••• • •• Dan 0 famn MU r) o.l000mws.4mmonnnenftm.s.mnOn i nO ■ ■ •0• • .0..0.0.. 00.0. ■ •000n• •00••.••00 0 .•. ■ .. nem In na. a n rnomrc n 0 .0nOmilinM • • 0 • n* • m.0 0 0 Cr • 0 "' :gr... it .7,72:1»1 I O"— • 0' ••• • Ann nipn 0 n X OnZ • a • n 2 nO• • • •••• • •• • • • P. • P. 00• . • • n • . s 4 ,1 ■ ".• rs' •••• • o orr - 0 o - ro 0 • SW 00 0 0 V 0 0 •• so• • C n

.0000 . .0.00 ...... •

...... —

y ..... WY.

■ . 9. 0 A. SA M 0 C7 •••••• O•nl0 qm 0 pa X S ...

y ■ . . . . . 0 0 . 35-- ...... •-• 041 • ▪

• .1 MN.. W..... ,0...... 4 .m. 0 . . N . 4/ N 101 1, . . ...... - ...... .. in ; tt 4, 0 aeln0C5

. . .. - s . c... . 4. • . :11:triv el 9o.4 , ;C•1 M a es 8A 640•491 ,..Mi .4 N 1.1 X C 22VA • E ;01 a • . a • .4 iii V .4c qn.. 0,0 X . X §04.1 .4.CM g 16 .2 2M 6X V . M V V • c u 6 4 : P.1.4 • -.X a+ . .4 •X c ,.. ..t4 C C n • • • • 4 6 : i .15 qc5 i '4. i •. to''' : ti : : ll .f.4:3 4M•• MAN nX0,6 , t 4.54o: mcn : 4 8t48 n ft . . . . . . 21 2 ill .40414 WI .4n...el 0 ..in M . 6 O

. zzg22nzggz = nan------ 0.04 ,404,4)^0 N .7," ASt:Z. ---- ,,,,, N..0^^4, .44 ..... 4..4" -5 ..... 0-,...... "..-.,,m,...... ,....„. 0 .„,.. 0 ...... •. §... .no.0,n00.0001..0e,41.00.1N,M0....4..,10.40....-4 ...... 0.--,...... ,-Ez ....,.. - , . ....N., .0 eg 4.4 0. 0 " ‘..7 M S %.0 .Q.% NI N...... "4 'i •-• NO.'. ,0 ...... MO, MP=P NO, . 0, 0. N OP... 0 N 0 J. N N N N NN gnI,I,‘,".c../..rt,..r...p..ono, . OX

1987 ,..'' S8nr4TI 8f4gAIZAg2r:Ar:;41' ).8.1=grnaM8g:..' , 3 ercig82:11tMMttP.t%'ttttl ...... ..... pon,pn o np ...... 0

PS ..... ..... ..... I SH • PION • .4 • X 0 • a • V s • 6 Li 6 6

HAM • 0 • V 0 • . 0 $.. 2 vi 4 3 0 G C Oh 0 V 3 z • 4 ... .• ...... • . • .•• .0 .4 • C al o .. c 0 1.2 • . C . IN I• V2v •2 1.. ce, • 0 • ,.. • . • ill .... • • ...... 8 .. 33 .. 2: ilI. ...44,... :18 ilk:•. 2 ■• T:ki J ...... = EER .S, ON ? "k '1 • • 88 •.. 2o : • i : •.4 O 0..... 9 4 u. 24 ...... U...u.N..N....d...... 9 .0 1,10 .,,AU .,..:. 4 . M t0 i..,45.t. t.WW0 ..4V.i:41.1.U00 • tr.'i'V.....0.V.I'd.ltdi.0N . 0 ..4XP.: VC 0 ...... 0,...... ,-.... 4•AX40 ..u.CAVOMUOCa4u.W0...0•V

ORIENT p ... 4014 u91.4 u .40 p 1•••2 6. 2. .COu ra 612. V • • 6 id . 9.4 egi.e.6.A 9 n.ec n.9 IL .4 • 00 .4.4 0

N e,,.....A....1...C..--.80.2841; Z6Ltd:V.i.7:.42.1.2.111.:,"gii A I D

NA •.1, CA • -• :E.i. • • i ,. • . / 1. 41 1 4 : V o It w •,.. o o o r5. -2 . E . -13 t -.. 44 • 1....A.11 -..' • • X .0.11.1amr0 • 0.•. ".C1. II • • • • • • 0 • • 1+.1141...CYVY .C1...1.1117 0 1+1211•111.• 4a.111 3 V. •:1 4 1 610 g ;ID 7 i .2.-4.sw.lelAz► 1....Isrl izlizize-.-n!..t...-g:u •- -•., ...... ,,,. ,....i.o... . *.41,4,0 11 .0", .0 .4 X1-4 .-MM JAV‘ .. 3,4 li....?..4t...t'• KaligiiigiAiiii!UNiiiiili;iilhifflilligign

N .., n ■ ■ 1 • ••,^ P0-1.4.4 WPC,. ri. , wet421, 400 0 .nen • X • .. , . . . p ' . O . NN N« ...... , 1, ..... 36 1+1.■ .00 .0 m

1.0 • ao

37 • ▪ ▪

...... n M ge..NAA 4, 28T.7Ngg"•• .:332Agr,:A8g^.°4"""8.451.4 _

- °°"mign2 ...... 0 '"1 3:23:188 "-.

A tl . 8 ,) V 22 .4 * • fi 24 00 A W 44 44 0 U ALM .4 N tONC . 4 • " E VE C A a • 4.1 g ...ov.-.v. a. .c.c.....g.). 9 : 3 ".. 414 4 4 1..w Awmb"" Enii X2 § ;t8".11..1417.4. LiM

E : _w A 4 4 a, 4, 14 A O. 0.1 • .. ... 113 IJ C . 4 .... 00 .1 - jr i • 4 .1 !wain : j' ' " ' ' 1 :1.10.: .; ■ 7;V:14 0111414gi .1 tte ....I .4p ..ro a E...., a mt.•.4.0• "rill2"'Ll E .I g 1 1 41 1A011 3 11 41 SilLiri4 12.4441 .4 MUMet.40A4 . 1. gViti !:41. 1414rea gP:WA! .,401 .0 .04 9 . dim4 0 01 ... < t.44 .4.4.244 WO. 0.14 . I. AIM 0...... 4 42:14 0 4042 ' lig ••4■ ,1 tu A. 1 M i •-■ .4 .....ss...... :4;ss"... . 1,.. *"41 3 ,,, I, ,0 !, 1 „., " t I! : : 0 g '6Ja511M>1. M8iSlEi :s.:Eal..14./4 . 211:iiiiiilnci5iM SO -4,..,44. .;4,4a.4.4..;,;d

,0*.*NOm NeiN4 ..... N - - - - N °N4° on .1■11 ••■ 74',.- 2STAl2*11."'-41."- '1

O

O • 9 E r. a a O g • iii.e87:sa..1"'..1q8 Su i y.4 9 5 .v 5V411: 21; • • tZ84g2mt:32OA82z

: 4 • -a • g E e 5 V . z *0. . cc e -,c.. 4i r,,..4, ..A.• .• 0 415. g .3 3 L. fi... 14 5. ••• 0 1. 100-4 2 ...o, C ...1 ... rti-7... :E114:i:i2)-442 a .C2J.g.1.4,•60 ....d • * r.04) 4 452itad:Ti:Ilt I r. '....: "tv 4:1"4.7it.vFu1' ilZ111.6.1• ol444g a k 001. .-. 4ggt,..:Azolpli mg. .. qlli m:144.'" 44.c.... x g ...... iii."1,1111 ri el....,. 0• 0 ... . 4 c. • ;s1...4"..!!.. tz.ess 7...'1Ac-.....Li .ss 4Z:4' I Fr'l :42.3.3., .1 l g :a b: -J ; A' 2, A ..14' '.°41 11 1 i i 1 6r. nit a 1,1 01.,/...... u.l.. 3..«....-. ''''I • • • • • • • .... I.M.A.1.32M2104 12.8 ..ow 3 El 4«.:•.: of .4 , 4.4.,.0 ,...o.,, ...... o..., = . ,,,,, .....,..-.0.0...., , ...... 5..... .1 40 .4 .

38

...... comm.a*L.*L.R.J...0,0m,es,.*wm.

Wm .EIGIffirg[liEWIEM a Z WPMEMi nt. ..a • m t $414E.Y4enlirrfrigie*0,11"7,7m l f"fir r q; ftm 1424 il .,,ir;:o.ttli4mnn..4117 r f 27 '"114 ;Iru- flifq:1 0 zgrfs”. 4s.a..1, PR ' 1 : Lt.gs E faeragg 0 e •2. 3 .I444, ....•It; :" ..i. : YrtE R0: "§fIE:linliliVi 44.2.-r.r...r.n t. ?...,. t• - a PVNggrqg rarrge:gFrr.pg moz2 ft s1t& .0' •4 - a ri2P;r22:7PP?: p s ' - et Eg E. 1 if) 0 r 00 .. iEl •Is I a• .. 0 . 2 ;1 1 fr' 3 n. 0 73 P il • er ;• *ft 66 ....:z2seess:tscs:vaa ...... • N its:mi.:1;33g ..... OM c.c.zww,z.; 1 :1 :.E.21:4Z1i;i

1.1 .4 •040 11 44 . ► . . •

!; 5 VifillEffinr!" 1 "M' g w .4o; I "P a' CRI"FaUr ..1 .!!= ;::1!F ;11; 4 1,1 4 °E ; f42 lit i 1 ; a • • i kitkrrevg arItg rrprfif .11101W m e: IE i F 'fi 2 1 2' : IIIIERilill

39

• • ]

Y 5 Norco cnvONVI moAnWNWO.-00 , op. co 0 0 N.-N-NN- -n _1 m A/ 0 0 LA 0 NI M PLI CV 0 CF VI V J, CO ,-mtamWO mOosnvo m4-0mOCCesoNeernO. .-mm.-mv0m,mM.ANAIMNV■ MAJIIII Ng} srmo4000sr vin4 n -1,,,11 orv40AAMMOnnvi 0 00040 sr v sn no WLAMM.7.0NNN.-MstLAVIWIMM.. NNNAJNIAJAINNINI , I , ..... AJAANAINNINAJNAJMAJM

5 ...00.0.5. 0-0 5 c.. -0- ono ,' - Vs n en 0 v -• sr v 0 es •-• rdr- 00 sr 4- LA. rs o sr sn Or sr 00 ,- 0 sr e- 04000 es CO Os Cr .01 0 • V. mr GO CO CO (V n. CO 0, SI • ••••• 00100n sO O A 0 Os sn us CO 0 sr 0•14- • 00074- OP CO en V• sn A A OWN.- 0030000, e- on or Cs A C7 0 1.-- on A .00 sC M CO MA to 0, ct

NOCnOnONnOrn OmnsOOOMVON .L9, 42 is.r., •••gcs g J.?, z.,.i. c:r 0.22 ...-...,..g g 1:,.....; crgs ,._,, 0 1 NON so GO A n M sr A a) - -5 -1 .2 f Ofd O •LeVsn ------Ca mov vorsrsoN40 . nMW.-ONWOOnVOunnmmoCso...- N .4 . 0.■ .00 -

, . 0. • • d8. 0 0 0 0, 0 0 . Li. N .- 0 Tv4P OV ON C' . 0 O C ° C g 0 • ,.±FT 0 00 0 0 C COr00 Cs , 'S t; L'6.16 . 00-. s- ' 7.23 0 4 ,0 VO0d80 .3 .., 400. 1- , .._26v. Cl , 0 Ca .av I. 0 00 OM C a vs , • • ..,.E4- se•V• ...... ,LLAs- 0 341 .° r... P.. '6 i'' "' -.-.: "I 0, t.'-':! O.,' `-'. C . .., 0,X3 0•V,29 ; ,;,' Lc.:-. '- . .. .■ .■ ....,. wtas=c)...WIY IN C KI., c-ang...c 1 C 00- 5 ...... - IS 0•• •• • V•0 111 . •- °.3 2 741 .tt" tf.T...i°,,;e ...... ,...... iy..z..1..0s110-7.1:3 il' .0 13711; i': .7.E.LE- .s X 002c0,L2w=,1- 2..UOL,00<0. ■- .4;R5dEgd=kidd

0 1..0 01 0 .-01 1. la ,- M OCNC X } C 0 NM ,74L--C 1 WeACs C V -0, V c VC ,7.1 In 410- ILIVI ■ WVW LAWWVEg.t r m1..13.-Lin C-141C,NNVI GEMS-U.10W 000 UNCYLN. ,V03•0 64- ..0 CCONVIEWM3 UNMM y.ENCN N,03, 0. E>,1O 4 i 7 g UNGEOMN300000410.0NUAL I- V mAdAsAVCX0,ad Nmwom.,640 Si M VION LoCriA4-1LL M V d E CW... 3L71:1"C' E' TA'"- Z IVII"" •CO 04 a MX OC a 0▪ -ZWOcmv 0-0., yvs-ssccrs c s-Is=n-VcC ,r0n 1+. CO t. 1.m.- Y -Jr4X,Jeoc0 1. 0... 'OM". xv.-Lo CI- 010 cAd c 07 Ad V .1. a 11-x oL.Oviu mcm-n-s. CL4se.0 rAas-M- Co LC mi.". Os. sA en,- 0 mE LOVOM.0 m , V4MV -.21:326=',7;g-g.7.3.11',A 2j84 2 LsYn-241r-MXsocs,U, N M ...... „..,. 0 4-ornvOMAMOO-NmvsnMACOO .--.L.VMOVIMA-MMONAJ X H X

E o 0 N re us A 00. es A 000 10 0 10 t.L1 . A no- A A IA .- .-- li us n OW LL, 0,- N. t.n PI LA o ■ cO I-.. - N ■--. ...y 0 N NI .- N Vin VI v VI IV N n. 1 111 en LA VI d N NO re, en n sr Iv us v - - o _ v so o v _ .e..44,44n

..., . , ,...4 , o o o es cvo .0 0, es. c,., to e..., VI t.. C N N .- rn en o rs n V1 CO . . .4. ,s. , .• ,, .7 ., 4:. ,I, .- .., . O - .- gitei O .- n., , , ,g, .2. ,,, r r .... 03 . 0 3 Os 0, 0, 0004-e- •-- or cs rs en es rn n n v sr bA A 10000•40s On 00 In 1.. Or NN or rd N PA N rd no or or or es Nrd cv rd rd or es es N es •N rse-pcnen en en nos

E -NO0 Na _le Mp.-4}03MON.IAMMILAILAN00}, WOM,NOMM , 00,..fs}i, MVIIAM}..,N,A-Mcn.s.0.0.-0MW0MN}.. 0 IN sr un00 MOnner orn00.- o es or en cs04- .- -Ns]. 0 n o o f-1 v. ,-. too.- Lro.- sr Noornotarn ■ - • - • • • • • • - • • • • • v,_ 0000p.-ANAnoMenMOAMOsne-vr•AnvMAOMOn-OvAoMOMO0vs,NOAONnomE 0-'1 osOnAMMWOMMAAMMCOMONOOOMMOMOMANCANNOONva- NNOnn,--- -G4-0

, ,.... 8 .--,.. 1Od8 ,,,O., ,47, 8 •••••... .:408 ,,,t.,,, 22 v .....,...- , ,.,, - .-. ,10 ,,,, <0 0 , ,,,,,, tO NNCON, _ ‘,., CO ,_ 1 ..,_ r.. , el _ LymAIN . ,-.0... cs A CO 0 CO rs A es v WI cs 0 0. 4 E ._N et el.- ,,, st 0 on or VI or 0 • • • . • • •• •• es 0 CO est CO Or 03004-- sO 0 n CO es M sr es m MO,- sep or CO •olf n •- Co sr unr- .1 er Os rn ref m Cs rd o vs N 0 N 0, W W W 0.- .Www....wWWW00.-0.0..-....,-,.-00,,m1" .,-,v1,10...-,.,...... 1.,,w,0.c,N.-...... 00.-0.-... --- e.,

If o 4JL, 1I.. N a , o c , . L a • • C 2.' Y Y 0 0 V• 0 • v a . . 'e 3 L. • u V - 0 . -.,.. . L w E 00 00 0 •C .0 00 m . .V 4 • • 6 CO . id_ v 0 O as 00 .0 0 '''''' 0% E",...;""%• Z. • C C U U • c 7 C ..0. O 0 ma . 0 0- . 34 vs '340' v mitst 0 26 " 5 "'• 2'- 0_ 70. 70, 7C 6 j d : i-lA,7-00 -.iir.j%,...;14, E217-,,,gdddjjg:= c d .T.F.Ii. tt 3 7_ t,21:7 7.2ti O ; E L 5 , F. , E g'"2 ,' . : . :11' 0' E VC V .%4i1S-- L50 C M• C 4-2 2 " ' - ' • " • ' - ' " - • - ' " 0. ,r3 E ' pa .-= .---t9`9 `9 `9 °3-`9 7.=2.`0::-Ef...tiEr.Z. 85%...'8 --'..s.-',„',2 O ...;.b• t' .c ... v..r. zw....-c'm ..E.E.L.E.LEgCL-Cag.c.= 06-LE , V-- clzgLASZ X len VI . 20.6 2 ...nEw88z=°1613k1,52666662,...1 44 -54,., .1i 88 ■2 e.-lc:IL-gcc:

N Np C N N C C M L ✓ N 4., .- C.,-. ..• a '4?. sr Fs gE 77 434 ., v Cr Cu , _ • 0 . ••-•,. ._,, s 1- , a - rtE 7r.ii:::.4>A".15,1-, I,. ...-: i-s5t,t,,3.-szlttz zit.i.z. .0. . 2,t; .21.2 .^ .1,00 2'...; 0-Z.2` E 8-"4°3 4 -.5, g Zli," . p.- 5 P t : 7.1 : .,:y 2',41" Oi 2 2 .?,,. .1' .-'...... 41,5-., .4.".=mc.-. , tf.5t.-,,?,E2 g -5 ; g E . 'Li P, Vg ,E Mu L"..., W a .04...... 0 E W.-.0 1- L cl.M V^ ' 0 t c .- : 5 w . ...7.-E t-,, - - ...t. - > . . . g .': ' P. :- ,...... „„ „,.....„,. '' ., ..- 1,2-t „A E, t .2 A .,, a- I- . CO .i c a . - L- 0 51 11.0}ELD .-} IMLNONC NI.- 3 OE, ACT- - ,..,-, _, -aaariZZ:' , 2.“;.274i2cici,;8...-;5 ■2 6 E-41..;a4,-..,:..f.L' g"“.4`.-'7,6if..6. - .i X ..,,.- .;.,,, cd.i. 6,; ,.;.;.-; ,,,; ,-.0-6 0 ,..; ,•;,, .66_,,-;4,,-;.::.,,,,6,2,-,;.-;.; ,s...,...,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,- ...... ,.. 40

WWWWNNNNN N N NNN 0 WN—'044)0 NWN-4 0400 44M,AWN—,D.CONCINL4SWN—• H 7' .7 11°F7"Tf,a?"T.FrTrff?'W'W,7t..!-YgPgaTm-4TnW C7 0 .9,3 -.CCL.- y <30 nel < m-o-r9m, , SE n -cl..<-. m -,smmo,nal -. ,...0 ca.m

VMescorrmE°'° no) n -.. -. m.o.a.mm0m0-----coo" c2mE0C1C. ...000zw.1110m,.E', 3rm ° 2" . 0 ,m x ' 0 ccoo,..corWxxre c 2 Zte =AI VA' V-1 .:17- a7.& ° arfr2 r;- -A ° ' ' R - - c- C. --3 1 asi

:7. g co ma‘e ,;• ,g am =2 -' g'3 z r ---,.c. g,,,.° i.gI.. cL2 ' `4mnar=t--v.O 2 "=1 E. `,".•. ME' - -In i ,...7. 8 ,n . 2-, 3 0 -..1. -.. a 0, 0 , u..., =t m 3 -, 0

Ric. .ncx arg.m= 0 0XXV7WXnn -.4nXnc..XnXX-.40.nne....AXXOn.CIA-10= 3ggz :-";21:3tt.32tt .:7;nt%Sigt2,=;;1%;;1 2 C nli .t0m 0 tr. ,....-..r.,=0,-.-.3.K,-.==m0.,Mg03 , Xn gmga,.v.O00,.M.00, , .0,,OOMMO2.0,gorwlog Ir a 44 • X . 3 0 3 0 . 0 .... raC -.0,--.;., 31, ;Nr"""7.3 r;28 11"4"4 ,7°f'cl O• "n0a. -. - om -, c1.c, 00..•• n o a 0 A rt• N 44 .1 0 o rs2r, 0,0 0 a 'moo • g., ,,,, 0 get 3. 0 m Y • -. • 0 -- an ::: rm 8 F.! In K. :1 l4.4.1W0W .0...,...-mm.....0,....o--.-..o.-.00w....,0=884.•00.00-..,00 comow o o YMOW-..Oan,..Ora ■ OwL14,04.0 WOO-..WwnavonamLa.m00%-amso, mlbyul-.4.n.N....0e4 ,44.UNN...-.NNWOURAL.P4*No.n0Otai.A.p0.-. 00 0 Vl

v,a00 ,v0 O 51-- 49 -0 -t8 - 3NWV"a "g l' trO g n sttaggZOIr' ww.Lam . 00ms unemosa -• 0 Lr, u2 01 .4 Y tn

q0 WWWNNINNNNNNNNNNNNNNWN WPolsIrrO40.0(0,0.X , 0, 00, .WO O •• •• •• •• •• • .41.8 4::ESZVa ,,,,, Mg..fruptn,^NMILMO,D0 , 4.1.1,, ,J N—.4.700 ,1! ' •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• • •• •• •••• •• H1VON tr tr N •• •• •• •• -• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• 3 V.04200lkpl, 3MV

SWN ■..0.014404W.rni awry -• 0 La -.0.00 ,40.V.ouN ■ tr...... 0 rcf--g-Tp=ra:=:, !..w, co ..... noxacoxc. mm n yil 28° 2;7 .'2'4 VI 2 " .. ?.8-7W52r.8- Nr,sfix, F ri megm,‘I'x.74*3' i!fi2 =-IneL7SEIEi" .m x^ -- nu, (-I mni. .mmo. 0 542E,7=17-;Wgku n VIlrilrag ?i:E=" - IHSNO1JNVH3 NV7III m, ,.xtbm zn- r7, O t0 P aga2t-Ev1; —M a a 0 3142a4ig;" 2,1-11/ --ono.ogo-0 2..... Sd 0.14044 41 fll lot 4 . *MO 7C OM 0 0 0 44‘4 N 0 .CI. . -. . —.4 .2 ' 8 ..c 3 ,""` 0 III o 1 0 N g 3

0070X

in ,..-no TiPggi :1 5' ';.1WPPWEV#171J. -nr,c0.acc.m.n,2009 ffg-7 1n fil no3 • am..lag-oIL w - K :7?-u.N7, W4II517. J Ricot4 oll at?'aie7 m ...... 1. g._.. o , , . o PgaiT°Tvlifr Jai c. 0 -I

tD c,• o° P8K.SVIo 2 ;Pr7ggs37r s 'c ror ;". m ap al 4' . n ' 8 0'' go• 'onPggPn ng OCIo '48- i m:Wil' 0 .n a > 0 ,. .nn n 4 00

. n•P.'' •n' ' o° N n 2 o i • ..., -.... rr• 0' ) -sr,

. oo 44 SI ; n 0 8• N n o 9 -.,,, .. ... . r. ma ma O. r aloommmm-.0tomama ■ m+o OaroOmO0 -o 00, -• CO -• .4 ma OLOCT -o Rtg:gr722g$82.5' 35ZE148 Tg2 V.EgSIZ amJy0,0 as=x8sn',..t.lvvs g g -5400 ..... NLA-.caN ragANgowL01000univ.aw000,4.-•

044N0 m ..50.100 ...... •W 2*nsssrAt14,-Isst=t:T. Me4.44.44040 28c4Z3gIlr'g8;:3m7s28:1 NNNV1001NrVV.W 1 00440 41 44 4./ —• W—.04 IN 44 —• ...4;10..00 ■ 6W U1 W A. g " IH

.W.ONNOMIN . INN,. NNNNKINN -. ■, ■■• ■• oNNN VIM2OMMUOW ■, 0009,17000M fJ .^.—, WV.M17.6A.WM7 ru4N^KIPPYDOW.PN ■4 ■ Ms0 :3=MS s I v.00 ,uMW, •• •• •• •• ■ an 2-0, 0W4W 0 asir n COMNN 1.04l4INWW44MO4D 3 1W - 7 ..... 41

WOM E wen0 3 E .mulm n N e N e -• LAWI ■ CP.MMNA-. .-M • , I.0 CO • MaIo • I "..,00, Wcreve 4, 1 , C. cr.... • .00,- , rval 0. c..Jr.Jr.1 I••• . , ,,M M ODCO M MO

5 C W M E NMO .0 N NJ .ii 0 rse trl Mon C 0 .0 • - • • mw.. mme, N iI b ,MMMCC.0.1MCOM M....0,0 0 .. - CA N ne enm.NOkroW r.1.0.-MP1MONNM C■ M M mvernun • ■N kr, tes Tr CD M ,M 0.-0 Is .nr. e...... ne:r *0 • 8 Rn WIMNNAC , OM O M CSACOMMA10Mpc00.,9.

5 ., o . o.erm,m, wnwo,c..) O O M NOM ..r.ulv Y ernis, .o g m.-o,Loosm0 - 15 4> 0, 0 r'; C7,71, 6,=, M f...° Z ■2C77;■1 o, • e.,•-m.os a . OEM MTOOMNG^ Ifl ^ L L .t . r . 2:' • V. • e, cie -.- V C LL c e.../ e...14..:C .- 0 .0 • •0 ••••• wf c O L." 1.e = o u ,u oo c , 0 , w =uwu co..c-- C o o 0 N.-= • -o • O , o 0 — C . VI C • 0.-.1-.6 e 0.- o •- m 4.1. 0 mu 0074,0 x u .- 71 p;-8 ' ..,oc LOC...v.0'. c.....0.x/C4 0m4+m ..- W. ....ued m).-.-cm.-0 41,..-10004-3-3.0 4...3E.° m COOL. Mil GOA- •.- .-0 L. 41 Y a • E'SE .1Es-CUw C,.6.-AI.-00 M.N.Q 0 x_ .. 1.1"1i.T. ...- VI 4+ 4.0 •.- ..- op ol, 0 .22t mmee, z. LLM IAILAX0SOVOI,

C 44

4.0 O 0.0061-o-1 x. O 1 u

w a e • coa‘,0,0 u P.,0,- E al.re..7,w .5"....8g..Z. ....E , ..,...„.. .„ - usp,,.., - ..- c...■ ...- ..0 M.- A..1 MP M C0 - ...... " -..".. 1- r ,... COMW0C.Io • • i4 i 4. °^ 02NMOW141 C. ,.. 0.. o0. .., M M O. , P,A..... I- IIIPPP *...... 1.—ma: .■ 0J0.1MMM. .- 1, I-0i .- .- .- A.. CP 0.1 .. , E S .5 MM,MMAJC....-MAJCA MSKogiti asmm c.,81....ww,cnw..r. 2:87,8 .4 87,6 00,-.4.7004.ANM0AP IACI,

fObON .12 a 2- 2- a.- 8. CV" LOC' MMMC, N; • 0- • ..._. 2 a a

E E - E „, Wo.p.s.mwmo .- tvmm ..... Wv....,,, C., - 3 ,=;°A'4e7, 1 0 O M •-,., ,Cp , M en en .: esalalc4.0.m...0.6. m ■ a0.nevequl1•Ienm ,,r.r ----- O w , . .--.o. . ..1mr..-mnave4 .4. mw.- 303eirg.maawner • cmulwern4= • ,ncnul a . ,,I,g zm e :e2ggg m O .0 ,-Mr..mesme0 m elmvu,L0 .430, W0w W .-*.m w Ww,.-- -.-.-- .-..-. .- I. LA CU I. 'V 0 c :.:1' cA .Z. VI .c. E • . I. = • L L • IV I.> 2 4.. • ,.., • • V 4-) • • .o ■ .. -V IA • WU • V1.1. Li.17{2, 4."0,-''llt "r2 0 •J 7.3. c,,, •C • •.= -oe • ....- .. ._, ••Ds-0 uoc ..e.ou. 0 3 = u a, • 3 6 00 0 '''` ..0 ..-ON C 26 C":2.82.6.0 ... •C.... .0 At C64/10 CCM.--04 CC . a., 0 ....N M ....C, Zeptam.CLOL O u 0 ,,,ot Of. •CtOeVe, 0 25t2tteE'ZE.1222 Ly0 2248.2g-.1”3 Jede..- .- • f- ).• • -...... CC0102..-..- Cep= C ....40,0C-IM W•Le...0.... g8.9. 0.- , • .0W VOW . 0 - t,...0 7 .t .w1", :12 .-..... Lae.- ••.-.-L•c .0 ..- •••-4.141, IIHI'tte_tigEti C ...e..-w W===WW=Z S at 1- c) 2 MI me w :m L, 0 3; o.. x Lo C 001. u,x g".-.24i.2:::A

. 0 . ..g. . •.• C. . „ 0en V ic.: 7...tagu . C coot..”. 2-1-c ze W; ',cm-;18412.21724 o ,..ZE6o..1, " ifi q"7 ii - 7,2.22 43-02: C2.01-1..012W0 zsliiMEIT.^'!=-E5 8 ir.,T 5 Tn g ig.4??,g2Egai.i,t,;EI L.7 ii-m2=41441"E 0 0-0,M01.0 42 o ...... -...... - ...... ,..- FP t ,-..,.."...... -.... WWNNMNNNNNNN -10 X r0 ■ . ASO ...ae...... „....._0,...... _ arm mc ■ , -I2AL!c*ng4q:PT4, ‘c 1-4r ...... --- ,„...... w. o-o44x.x ,-mflon-1,4 ... gt ..r- rx"7.7.E7t.wE6' -,-. co "--- m=,... m, -. msznc • ,...... - .., ... , 0.,.. 0ww,am.0.0 co csao, •• ... a .m aa..., ....- - •• . - „ ,...... 4. 1 ----- ■ . f2 op m0 < •• .m4-.m.c nn , or.4w g" '.3' .0 NV ACWO MOD 026.0A4.Nr0 47-- MM ...• .•••..•. xtmmo2p=xx,x.C-m).-04.1.1 00 GS .4:: !"WO:WItC:!".Zo'NAcIZ ./T , ,-._.4,4 m . M ,.., 03.00 . - ,, W n = WO. za l 1 c 2. O ., a cm0,00 .0 a m N AO 3 . ... , M 0. - -, , T1. p-4 ....o 4.tt N ym .0mmm02 , N 3 2 .1 , w

MWWW "I re , --- , ,..-..... WZT''''-' -..0c,.. X 01 m a 3 • m 3

00.e..., AON.0NNN.OIJIWY" ZZg',2,emM .4 ,4-4...... ,-o -.x=r42.7.1==g2t;': ...... _...... _ p!-Ap=r- ...•-• 070 ...... ,...-... - --,,,....-,...... - 000,7m00-..m...,..m, ww.,r.q.arsA00.0k 0 44.. 7,0 ..c02mc0MMOmacm0 ww. 0.1.11W ON Lf. N 0 t4 i== 1 mmm . 1 x .4 8BC8'2W85747: L. 0 /40Ct.-1 NW oo r . , 5050m- -0.0 0....macmwmm0.-.. 3.5,,, m Of•wf.f NAt.nwen-riow err-33-1 -.Mu a ...- n ' 85 ... m 0 m Pr 01 LW 3 a M ' , 8 um .- . c000crm ,

MO,.N . eargmtivt (11,,c. -, cma,-mc 40 100 - M fa NNWWM - ZWNNNNO , aNCOMoulm- sv .. n Na , , LaAN m-.0 ..c 43 . , XW.0-1 0 5 - . AXIAm . - 4 NO -m 1,1,40', NI ;1-1 , 0IS ,a - ,i42 • a arr. if NattO a 0

'N .11... tg 11 n- a 02 13 M 0 • , n r r

nm0, NO 0 mw0 r7.3 .0 • W.Om ,mm A www - - , ..c on ow • 4....4 ...... m, " a . a. a, 30elm M0 I 0.1.1M, 0- o s. n•.... &On. _.,,..' -4 tE m<0.7 a Fr 4.0 00 ?4 3...... -.20.n '' 71 Mwv, ,.Q cnw 5film- , ' 2 ..; :71F . . ... .., .... .7.?. E.., ...... ,..... - g.e.. 8 C»:.! . ti• l. M., -.. • ,. N , 7 :1- - 4 ; , - .- , .- r.." .X70 9 ♦ ..- 8, 4r 7 c5 -.J . c1 -1 C' q r 2 .. 4' 7 ..m W ,

Z asJno) 00 . 'Or ...... C. .- 0 7= fl4 n= O x a '64 . N w m m IC I r • ▪ C n 3 ▪ c • ,Ocon ''''57.-E 2,.81,7 1 ..., Mos - 1fIg7 M. oa£ ma. a NN 7. 0Xn mu =nmm, N8COT.±.".. 5.-..msr- ;2127

c -s 0 YeCl Os 01 F awN r!?-- , r0 ,,, = ■ 01. , 7 ,

r O 3 pr. •

Sd IHSMOldWOH1 NVO1b310 HJ.dON

•

- :A2g 1,0m ▪ C4O8 NIS/MIN CV

✓ C L. E 0 WW0L =S8 re .C - A 0 1. 1.__5.... . _ 0 rA"IC 0 .,,V411:2.3 m.... OV ad .G :c M VO M....c . m-ivi A ii iCL .P =gt e :e V 0 .- 0 rws. .. .7,017,5=t1n ..a X. 28 1 .I' .24,E3EctAN T 3- _...... , , ~I . . . . . . . s ..:4...; VI-: =I -.., O0.. -,,,,,

• OM 0 0 0. 0 0..N 1 Mtn WISZ 0.■ 0 0 4,4411111 N . Al f • gm:1 • mm EREZEE1F,RE,:4M • WW1 WfW . . ..., .....2...... s . -7..Eg 13...F...565E Fri ... _ cL00!....-. V StAC, E" TCN v.mo,.-...m_idx.04,1), 3...-c mh. I*.0 .I, V'.- ...-!,2 1-.41 lo-mccox.c 4- N s .0 X ,. .-

ery 4.- C CL' O Wm ., 22-1c .c- 2•741..0, 0 ,-, X C, K mm V 0 WC,,,W>LU CLV,i :a it- JA.c.m....c.qu.rquc 4t V .- .-- 00 C Su - . 3 _. - K,.....-°'"12°.%E..tt,E . 4.1, a( /- V, K 3. az-7,1 ° V. Day_ . i., 0 M - 4 Si '1"1 ,L; -. N; ,--; S

5 - s ..,...-44,,,.; ,sio:d..:4.....-..- 7-.-. '''

■ 000 ^4pPbr M-0400. W400 W.- NMOWS, NONWNOW.11 ..^^^0 , me, ul..-0.00m1AV.0 00NONNINONO NN0 MmOm. NON...... 0. 0 , M NCOO NM - es, ,;11(1Ng03. inNU, mtM•SCO°., WO N MOW W ■ N .-O4M0...0w0W 8 , .-- 0(slvrtV Vlb0, 40...00D.r .I0 0M.M 10100 0.1, Wt.. ..s-M qP ■ un.. mc, ..... ul

. K _ a . E a . U. 7.- , >A C.. L tC U. V 1-m Z WEattrq4 E 0q.a5..,i . g 0 . . c. _-... , _..aE-4 E W U,-1 iEMX i,...9,t II-CtZliNCI' VIL LLO, UM '...,'" C M WO 1.■"..131411q ff)..W Li C aili qingll .0-, ..... s.15 W ,- V, Jdu'IM fACZ MLitt-re C -.L.040, M., ula .-.0,,, ft Er . E .- , ..-E>Vo. ovvo rgElodl& E 47., mLIZINL -- ..- . , ."■ WXMO wy6Z b- wrn, ..... e i WW, WO. 7,24LN . m..m,m„.,

M • O I W c". 0 t■ I • „; si gl -fs1 ,■ •••141 ,4:1, CO

C06OWv, MNLOCe. ■ uNtO , ID qr WO,W, 003 , No-MNNNN N00.-0.$1 P. 0 el UM UM QM uNgr gr gran*. 0, vINN ulfM0MWM OulLOMuINON g2s8 04 CMG) UN r 0 , MNNMCONM o gz 0 CO g4 0 CO 01 0 WI el NWM m- WCON NI 0 ,J, v, v1WWWWNCO P 01 00u, 00, .-M0 000N N r, mmmmm L; kin un ul m LOW 40 VD 4, CO f 1.111 0 ,05.0 M .....

0. • C C .0 ., 1. ::. ,4 .. . In C 1: - .t o. E'i; V C , U. rE.,4 ; .7,...ri.t..-1 a . E. 8.! V .t; _g 2',."- W 0 3 .___W C V s E,..;a1 m-0.3-0.- ..._,.._—, wl 'C'CC i V -, t..t. 11.2,b ..-.A-0. 0.—. 0 .0.,. . -. Lag.4.PlYg 0-K.0 .-- .0." MLVIVIC0.7007.*-0- IE-a LO-L;WW ziLLL,„.I.L.2;;;;COm‘ow.=.= C 0 , UN W ,A....22o-21S "atoM t..Cq- c ' OM . , m lir.-4,-.A.- f .l. Om CM CMO.x,.. n.-,- - EVeC rpioc iz..g2 . ..1 ILWP-MmaM-42WIL0. 0mai wwx, W Z.2.7,, G 2 =,,,..1 4 -,m2a....1., M N C ..; ,-;4,14.ior.:Me: 21 ,:c.; ,...,:o3eid..1.,c:r. .7s: ,,,;r4.; S .. S-,,,,,,,,Z.... •••••• 44

esal% 1111 NIFIhrM

TRIMTEX MADE IN NORWAY QUALITY NYLON ORIENTEERING SUITS & NYLON or POPLIN 0—LEGGINGS Custom Made For Clubs 0—Suits in 35 Colours $30 to $33 in 9 sizes Q 2000 90 gm/m2 2 w 140 130 gm/m NE COURSE PRINTER

0-SPORT _ _ _ NORCOMPASS Box 316 Vineland Ont. LOR 2C0 416 562-5040 7=7 45 r SKI-ORIENTEERING-AN INTERNATIONAL SPORT by Ted de St. Croix

The recently formed Ski-0 Committee runners, hikers, joggers race around a course consists of: George Murphy, Chairman; in the forest using a detailed map to find Ken Sidney, Canadian Master's Skier Extraordi- their way. They check in at marked control naire; Caj Frostell, Finnish Ski-0 Technical features to prove they have completed the Advisor and Ted de St. Croix, COF Technical course. Prizes go to the fastest times. Director, This Committee has some ambitious There are good skiers who are also good projects in the works and we are counting on orienteers but yet never quite succeed as you to help promote Ski-Orienteering across ski-orienteers. The explanation for that Canada. The Alberta Ski Orienteering Com- mittee has been working hard to get permission is that Ski-0 is a unique sport of its own. to apply for Ski-Orienteering as an Olympic A sport where you must be able to combine demonstration sport in Calgary 1988. The skiing and orienteering. This gives the IOF has granted Alberta's request so now it sport its distinctive character and charm. is up to Alberta to sell Ski-Orienteering to the Olympic Development Association of As in foot orienteering the ski-orienteer Calgary (CODA). must be able to judge about route choices and to make rapid decisions under physical The Alberta Ski-0 Committee proposed the strain. In comparison with mere distance following: skiing, ski-0 requires equal physical condition but a greater technical skill. 82-83 Alberta Ski-0 Championships The ski-orienteers must master skiing on 83-84 Western Canadian Championships various tracks from loose, uneven tracks to 84-85 Canadian Ski-0 Championships "skating" on hard, icy roads. Equipment The IOF has offered to send some instructors to a Ski-0 Leadership Clinic in 1983 in hopes Maps used can be of any scale but preferably of developing a Ski-0 Program in Canada. 1:30,000 with all ski tracks marked in correct relation to major landforms and man We would like you to do two things: made features. The map is carried on the chest either with a harness and fold-out 1. Publicize your ski orienteering meets in platform for easy reading or simply hanging cross country ski fixtures list. from a safety pin. The'compass fits on your 2. Make 1983 your first provincial ski- wrist or can be attached to the map board orienteering championship year. to allow for easy orientation of the map. No bearings are required. All route choices Some dates to watch for: are on ski tracks. January 22 - Eastern Ski-0 Championships Syracuse, N.Y. (716)962-7592. The controls are hung at track junctions or February 5-6-Midwest Ski-0 Champs. CAOC. corners to allow for easy ski through punch- ing in. The aim of the course setter is not ::::::::: to hide the controls but to have long legs SKIING? to allow for many different route choices. The courses range from 3 km for youngsters; ORIENTEERING? up to 14-25 km for senior men and women. Ski-Orienteering combines the two great Nordic sports into one. Cross country skiing has a long colourful history in Canada whereas Orienteering has a much shorter history. Orienteering is a sport where

46 DEVELOPING THE ABILITY TO CONCENTRATE IN SPORT PERFORMANCES

by Kenneth Ravizza, Ph.D.

(This article is taken from Coaching Science Athletes vary in their abilities to concen- Update 1982-83 edition.) trate and each athlete needsto develop a method that will work for him/her. Once Kenneth Ravizza is an associate professor at the basic physical skills are achieved the California State University at Fullerton. athletes can begin to focus on the He teaches courses in the philosophy of sport, concentration skills. These skills can be stress management, hatha yoga and peak-per- developed and rehearsed in practice sessions formances in sport. He also works with the where the coach arranges simulated pressure Fullerton gymnastics, football, and softball situations. For example, at the end of teams and the 1981 UCLA Women's volleyball basketball practice, each player shoots five teams in the development of relaxation and foul shots in a row before the player leaves concentration techniques. the gym. If this doesn't provide enough pressure, then the coach could have the ilf**** ****** other athletes watch the player shoot.

How many times as a coach have you told your athletes to "concentrate" or "relax" in Athletes must first be aware of their pressure situations? Although you know your reactions to stress before these reactions athletes have the ability to execute the can be effectively modified. necessary physical skills, the increased stress of competition often has the effect of interfering with the athletes' ability to It is important that the athletes first perform to their fullest capabilities. become aware of their psychological and physiological reactions to competitive When the athletes' arousal or stress level stress. An awareness of these reactions increases to the point where it is out of will then function as a signal that they control, the athletes may experience: 1) an are under stress; it will then be possible inappropriate focus of attention 2) excessive to modify their reactions to it. muscular tension 3) unclear thinking and memory difficulties or 4) criticism of them- Feedback can also be provided to the selves and others. These factors often athletes on their responses which the interfere with performance and can inhibit coach observes, such as: physical stress the joy of participation. Top athletes have responses (bodily stress--tight shoulders, an ability to concentrate which means they jaw and face), behavioral responses (nail know how and when to focus attention, what biting, restlessness), or cognitive to focus upon, and how long to maintain that responses (critical evaluation of one's concentration. The purpose of this article performance, inappropriate focus of is to examine ways that coaches can assist attention, and negative self-talk). In athletes in developing the ability to concen- addition, an understanding of the factors, trate during sport performances. or stressors, that upset athletes, (eg., who is watching, playing conditions) give CONCENTRATION IS A SKILL THAT NEEDS PRACTICE them more control in pressure situations. The athletes know what affects them and how they manifest the tension; this know- As the ability to concentrate is an individ- ledge, then, enables each athlete to ual skill, athletes need to develop the possess more self-control. specific method of concentration that is most effective for them. Stressors are specific to each athlete.

47 It is essential for the coach to realize 3) Understanding and defining the athletes' that each athlete will differ in terms of competitive stress responses or how the what constitutes a stressor. For example athletes manifest competitive stress (eg. some athletes thrive on people watching, tight muscles, lack of concentration, nega- others panic over an "audience." Similar- tive self-talk). ly, each athlete is also unique in the way that the tension manifests itself. It 4) Establishing that a consistently appear- is helpful if the coach becomes cognizant ing stress cue (e.g., elevated shoulders) be of these subtle differences and is then a signal for the athletes to focus their able to work with each athlete to identify attention on the performance. when tension is evident. 5) Utilizing a variety of coping skills to STRESS IN RELATION TO PERFORMANCE gain control of the situation and focus attention appropriately (e.g., breathing and relaxation techniques, stretching, and Optimal arousal level is specific to imagery techniques). each athlete. CONCENTRATION AS IT RELATES TO PERFORMANCE

The inverted-U hypothesis of arousal and Once the athletes understand how their performance reveals that as arousal arousal levels affect performance and they increases, performance also increases. learn to control their arousal levels, they However, there is a point of diminishing then can use specific concentration technique! return where increased arousal hinders to "fine-tune" that optimal arousal. The performance (see Figure 1). As coaches, concentration skills to be discussed you are all familiar with athletes whose provide the athletes with specific techniques practice performances are consistently which they can utilize in order to prepare good but who "choke" in pressure situations. for performances. Remember that each individual has his/her own unique optimal arousal level and this CENTERING IN ON THE PRESENT requires that each athlete determines one's correct level. This awareness can be developed by athletes reflecting on their To effectively control responses to stress past performances to observe what the reactions which arise, the focus by athletes arousal level was with both their peak should be on the present and not the past performances and poor performances. Once or future. the athletes are aware of their optimal performance levels, they then need to learn to manage their arousal so that it Much of the anxiety experienced by athletes works to their advantage. On some occasions arises from dwelling on the past (Why did I it will be necessary for athletes to drop that easy pass?) or anticipating the increase their arousal while at other times future (Will I drop the next one?). It is they will want to decrease it. important for the athletes to maintain a "present" perspective because the present FIVE STEP APPROACH TO REACHING OPTIMAL is where the stress reaction is occurring; AROUSAL LEVEL and this is where they have the opportunity to control their responses. One technique 1) Reflecting on past performances to that may be helpful in achieving this present determine if the athletes' arousal level focus is to center oneself internally. was too high or too low. Athletes can achieve this by feeling how . 2) Learning which factors (stressors) they are reacting to the stress of being affect athletes when performing (eg., pulled off center. They can feel the parents watching, field conditions, excessive tension in their bodies. By personal expectations). stretching tight muscles (especially stress

48 sensitive musculature such as the diaphragm to heir control. For example, the athlete and trapezius) and by slow deep breathing has total control of the actual physical (relax musculature on the exhalation), skills such as the placement of one's athletes can pull themselves back to hands when performing a back walk-over in balance. The breath is an important gymnastics. This is where the athlete's component of this technique because the attention should be concentrated (i.e., breath is always occurring in the present. narrow-external), rather than worrying It is impossible to be breathingslow and about the size of the crowd (i.e., broad- steady and be emotionally out of control. external). FAMILIARIZING ONE'S SELF WITH THE Once the athletes have centered in on the COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT present, become familiar with the competitive environment, and executed their pre-perform- The warm up period is best viewed as an ance rituals and routines, they can then opportunity to become familiar with the turn their attention to the specific factors total environment in which the athletes of performance. Rather than block out are competing. The athletes should be external occurrences, they concentrate on aware of, for example, the lighting, field those factors over which they have control. and court conditions, and court size. By tuning into the task at hand, the Once this familiarization with the environ- external distractions melt away and do not ment is complete, the athletes should then inhibit performance. turn their attention to the specific points of their performances. Any subsequent CONTROLLED INTENSITY visualization should include these environ- mental details. Performing with controlled intensity contri- PRE-PERFORMANCE ROUTINES butes to attaining personal excellence in the performance. The rituals and routines that athletes perform are relevant because they assist in achieving optimal arousal levels. Once the athletes are tuned into the perform- Repeated and consistent routines that have ance, they then begin the routine and perform been done many times prepare the athletes automatically (total immersed in the present). to focus concentration. By focusing on They react spontaneously to the situation. the routines and rituals they will not There is no longer time to consciously think be worrying aboutthe external factors (eg. or plan things out. The athletes need to parent and friends observing). At this give themselves to the performance with point the athletes can visualize their controlled intensity. They are able to performances and observe themselves doing achieve this control because of the prepara- it perfectly or they can slowly go through tory concentration techniques (as well as required skills. the physical training) they have employed. They now reach for their personal excellence; TUNING INTO THE PERFORMANCE this is where the joy of performance lies. SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS IN DEVELOPING Athletes need to focus their attention on CONCENTRATION those areas of the performance under their control. 1. Athletes establish a centered perspective based in the present. 2. Familiarizes self with the environment Although athletes have limited COntrol (a gymnast becomes aware of the total competi- over their external environment (eg. play- tive arena, then becomes familiar with the ing conditions) they have total control of equipment.) their responses to it. The athletes, 3. Executes the usual pre-performance therefore, need to focus their attention rituals as part of the centering process (eg. on the elements of the performance subject imagery which includes environmental details,

49 stretching). 1* , ■ e athlete needs to learn when to focus his 4. Focuses on the tasl'. at hand (the gymnast attention so that he can maximize his per- has a specifi' focal point on the apparatus formance. In a game like football where that hcrishe concentrates on). there are 7 seconds of action and 25 seconds 5. Execution of the skill required with of preparation, the athlete needs the self- controlled intensity. control or he will be exhausted very quickly.

MAINTAINING CONCENTRATION CONSCIOUSNESS IS THE KEY

When to concentrate so athletes can maxi- By being consciously aware of specific mize their performances varies with concentration techniques, athletes play an different sports. active role in appropriately applying these techniques.

Notonly is it important to know how to concentrate and what to focus on, but also Many athletes are already unconsciously it is essential to know WHEN to concentrate. implementing some of these concentration Different sports require different types techniques. It is essential however, that of concentration. For example, a golfer they become fully aware of what these tech- needs to concentrate when the shot is being niques are and why they are doing them. taken; between shots the participant's This consciousness then enables the athletes strategy must be evaluated and arousal to take an active role on their behalf level managed. A soccer player's concen- rather than relying on chance. For example tration is more dependent upon one's posi- when an unexpected stressful situation tion in relation to the ball and opponents. occurs, the athletes then have some specific An athlete must learn to control one's techniques to use instead of just hoping for arousal level and concentration in relation the best. to the specific sport being participated in. SIMULATION IN PRACTICE In football, a player should go "all out" while performing his specified tasks; In our exploration of space, we have become once the play stops he should process the accustomed to the repetition of simulated feedback of his performance (i.e. I was activity used to prepare the astronauts and too aggressive). He learns what he needs technicians for every conceivable problem to do and reflects on it as he returns to that might arise. This approach also has a the huddle. Once he gets to the huddle beneficial application in the world of he exchanges information with the other athletic competition. In the athletes' players. After this exchange the player practice sessions, time should be spent relaxes in the huddle. When the huddle simulating stressful situations. breaks he brings his arousal level up so that when he gets in the "set" position he SUMMARY is ready to go; when the play begins, he goes all out. Then the cycle begins again. In order to perform at their highest levels

.00.11•■■•••=111•■•••=11. Go All Out

Set Position Whistle Blows to Stop Play Optimal rousal Level Athlete Processes Information

Break from Huddle Bring Level Up Ready Position Return to Huddle ■ In the Huddle Talk with Teammates ..% 11wrommownwm.mw. Relax

50 SPORT CONSULTANT athletes need to understand what consti- DOESN'T GIVE UP ! tutes their optimal arousal levels. An understanding of the stressors and the way that athletes manifest stress can help each athlete in maintaining one's proper One of the competitors in the North Amer- arousal level. ican Championships was our Sport Canada Consultant, Terrence Dalton. Terrence only The athletes should become consciously arrived the evening before the event and aware and understand the methods that therefore had no opportunity to compete in they use to focus their attention. As any of the other events. His first experi- coaches, practice time should be scheduled ence of Manitoba terrain was a bit of a where stressful situations are simulated culture shock for him but he completed course so that the athletes can practice their 6 both days. concentration and stress management skills. On Day 2 Terrence had a very late start; he In addition, it is also helpful if come had a lot of trouble with the first control. time can be spent discussing the athletes' Persistency is one of Terrence's strong reactions to stress; this further enables points and he put his bad experiences of each athlete to understand his/her own No. 1 behind and continued on to finish the unique reactions to competition. course. As he approached the 3rd last con- trol, he could hear the P.A. system announ- cing the award ceremonies and winners. With 2 more controls to go he heard the P.A. "Reprinted from Coaching Science Update again - this time asking for volunteers to 1982-83 edition, with permission of the go and collect control markers. At this he Coaching Association of Canada, became alarmed; here he had spent over 2 333 River Road, Ottawa, Ontario KlL 8B9" hours struggling to finish the course and now somebody might remove the last controls before he found them. This thought gave him some new energy to press on and complete the course before the controls were removed. Afterwards Terrence claimed his problem with No. 1 was mainly caused by his being dis- tracted by derogatory remarks made about his '0' attire by the Chief Call-up Area Official, Charlie Fox. As he wearily walked SOLICITING ? away from the Finish area he was heard to mutter something about "cutting out a lot of orienteering funding next year if the last Yes, you read that right: I'm soliciting - controls had been missing when he got there!" training drills, games, ideas - anything you may use to improve your Orienteering. You We look forward to having Terrence competing don't have to be a coach, or even an elite in the 1983 C.O.C.s in Ontario and promise orienteer - just an interested party. I'm him early start times. going to collect all these ideas and put together a valuable resource - for all orienteers. Got a suggestion? Put it on a postcard or write me a letter. Here's the address - Chris Reid c/o A.O.A. Box 88 Calgary, Alberta

51 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ONTARIO

by Mark Smith

An ambitious new program to introduce Mike Waddington) hired for the summer. A orienteering to people in the Metro-Toronto number of schools can also take advantage region has been undertaken by Orienteering of multi-colour park and ravine maps located Ontario this year. This pilot project, funded nearby. by a combination of Orienteering Ontario dollars and a generous Wintario Pilot Project A comprehensive teacher's manual will soon grant, will allow several instructors to, for be ready and will act as a perfect follow-up a modest fee, introduce the sport of orienteer- tool for a variety of educators. Jack Lee ing to a variety of local groups, primarily and Jim Gilchrist, read "very experienced schools. teachers and orienteers", have put together the complete book to provide a more in-depth There are a number of reasons for establish- progression of skills plus a whole bunch of ing a project of this nature. For example, added features. one of the greatest obstacles in introducing our sport to young people is the way Support from local clubs has been tremendous. "orienteering " is taught in schools. To A Toronto Schools" Championshiphas been most school teachers, orienteering is simply organized for October 16th and the very a compass game. We realize however, that the successful Toronto Parks Orienteering fastest and most effective method of teaching Program has been continued beyond the summer orienteering is to concentrate on map-reading. to give novices extra opportunities. Club support and initiative such as that already If we are to have any hope of growing at the shown is essential in ensuring the success grass roots level we must, first of all, of this project. expose as many people as possible to the sport, and secondly, do it properly. By August of An incredible amount of work has been done, 1983, when the initial year of the pilot since the program began towards the end of project officially ends, Orienteering Ontario August, and a great deal is left to be done. hopes to have reached w11 over 20,000 school- In the end though it will all be well aged children worthwhile. Many more people will know the excitement of "real" orienteering. We'll Sufficient funding has been obtained to hire keep you posted! a program coordinator (Mark Smith) and two instructors (Winnie Krogsrud and Ann Budge) to administer the program. These people will be visiting schools, outdoor education centres, recreation departments, camps, and anywhere else that requires an introduction to orienteering.

The school clinic, for example, will involve a short audio-visual presentation followed by a multi-stage progression of activities important to orienteering. In most cases, the clinic is conducted on school grounds using an accurate, well drawn produced by one of four student mappers (Brent Fraser, Eric Mark, Alison Sokol and

52 CANADIAN JUNIOR TEAM PERFORMS WELL IN EUROPE by Cohn Kirk

A four member COF junior team competed in Olsvik winning in 59.18. The 2nd, 3rd, and Switzerland and France during the month of 4th place girls finished within a 34 second July and achieved some very fine results. The span. Magali Robert finished in 18th place, team members were Magali and Chris Robert, 23 minutes after the winner. Mike Day from the Ottawa O. Club and Glen Geddes of Toronto O.C. The team leader was Bruce Brenot also of the Ottawa O. Club.

The main purpose of the trip was to compete in the 3rd Annual Junior International event held on July 1-4 near Chur, Switzerland. The two previous Internationals were held in West Germany (1980) and Norway (1981). The Junior International follows a similar format to the World Championships i.e. a 1-Day individual event followed by a relay event. An added bonus to the trip was the opportunity for the team members to compete in a large competition being held in France near the Swiss border. This competition, Trois Jour de France is held every 2nd year and attracts about 3000 competitors from all over Europe.

The trip started on a positive note. The day after arriving in Zurich (June 27) our team competed in an 'A' competition and Magali Robert finished 1st in the D17-18 category. Chris, Glen and Mike finished 6th, 11th, and 12th respectively.

The Junior International individual raoehad 48 competitors from 10 countries in the boys' race and 33 competitors from 10 countries in the girls' race. Our juniors encountered problems similar to those that our seniors have met in recent WOC's - the competition is getting faster and better every year and Norwegian juniors dominate the events just like their senior counterparts. The winner in the boys' race was Vidar Benjaminsen (Norway in a time of 61.29); followed by Roland Arbter (Austria) in 63.07 and Kim Farnes Hansen (Norway) 63.07. Best Canadian was Glen Geddes in 23rd place (81.19) with Mike Day and Chris "11616... Robert in 33rd and 36th places. MIKE DAY AT JR. INTERNATIONAL The girls' race saw the first four places filled with Norwegians, with Ellen Sofie (Photo-By Bruce Brenot)

53 The Relay event saw the powerful Norwegian APOLOGIES... juniors win both the girls'and boys'races. In the girls' race, the Norwegians had a APOLOGIES ON THE OMISSION OF THE 0-CANADA comfortable 10 minute victory over Switzerland EDITORIAL AND WESTERN CANADA REPORT.. while in the boys' race, Norway came in 11 minutes in front of Denmark. Only 30 seconds 1. Orienteering Canada editor, Winnie separated the 2nd place Danish, 3rd place Krogsrud, says "After all of my articles Switzerland and 4th place Hungarian teams. included in this issue - "The Blue Lake Clinic", "The 11 Days in Manitoba", interview Canada only had a team in the boys relay and with Sharon Crawford, interview with Anne and they provided some excitement with a 6th Eric Westerlund, etc. I just don't have place finish in the 14 team field. The first anything left to put in an editorial - the Canadian runner, Mike Day, ran a great race whole series of articles represent my to give Canada the lead after the 1st lap. editorial for this issue." Mike's time of 51.42 for the 7.1 km course was 4th fastest over all and only 50 seconds 2. Our Western Reporter, Jim Webster, had slower than the best Norwegian. All three meant to cover the Blue Lake clinic and the runners who beat Mike were Norwegian so he COC and NAC events, "After all", says Jim, was the fastest non-Norwegian in the relay "They did take place in Western Canada." So event. Glen and Chris with times of 62.02 rather than duplicate Winnie's efforts it and 62.42 kept our team in the fight for was decided to leave out the"Western Report" 3rd place for much of the 2nd and 3rd laps and prepare a really big one for the next before finishing in 6th place close behind issue. With the Western Canadian '0' the British team and only 10 minutes out of Championships taking place near Kamloops in 2nd place. After the first two laps only October, plus the 10F decision to try and get 3; minutes 'separated the 2 : 7 teams. The Ski-0 on the 1988 Calgary Winter Olympics, close-up 6th place finish represents a good there will be lots to write about. performance by our boys with Mike's run being outstanding. U.S."0." CHAMPIONSHIPS Another member of our team - Magali Robert, October 16-17, 1982, at French Creek State turned in an excellent performance in the Park, Chester/Berks Counties, PA. 3-Day Competition in France, finishing in 4th place. Magali finished 11th on Day 1 Classes: and moved up into 6th on Day 2. On the 3rd Blue (9km): M21-A and final day, Magali outran all other I7a1-6km): F19-A, M19-20A, M34-A, M43-A, M21-13 competitors to return the fastest time of tTien(5km): F35-A, F43-A, F50-A, M50-A, M56-A the day and finish 4th over all out of a Orange(4km): F15-16A, F17-18A, M15-16A, field of close to 60 girls. In this event M17-18A, F19-B, M19-20B, M35B, M43-B M21-C Magali beat several girls who had finished Yellow: (3km): M13-14A, F13-14A, F15-18B, ahead of her in the Junior International F35-B, F19-C, M15-18B, M50-B,F43-B Wayfarers. the previous week. White:(2km): F-12A, M-12A, F13-N, M13-N, terers.Wa In the H19-20 category Chris Robert, Mike Day, Registration:Pre-registration for all but Wayf. and Glen Geddes finished 11th, 15th, and 22nd Late fee charged to all entries postmarked after respectively in a field of over 60 runners. after midnight, Oct. 4. No mail registrations All were in the top 3rd. With Glen, Chris, and will be accepted postmarked after midnight and Mike finishing 2-4-6 best Canadians in Oct. 8. Late phone registrations between H21 in this year's C.O.C. and Magali 4th place g5i—iFd 10pm (EST) on Oct. 11 & 12 (phone: finisher in the 021 of C.O.C. and 3rd place 215-399-0122) Wayfarer courses may register in the NAG, it gives a good indication of the until 9:30 a.m. on Sat. Oct. 16 and and.8:30 calibre of the juniors competing in the on Sun. Oct. 17. PLEASE REGISTER EARLY. International Competition. (Entry forms available at COF National Office)

54 C.O.F. Addresses

BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRESIDENT Patricia de St. Croix, Box 316, Vineland, Ontario LOR 2C0 VICE PRESIDENT : Charlie Fox, 1225-235th St. RR 9 Langley, B.C. V3A 6H5 VICE PRESIDENT : Gord Hunter, 8 Foxmeadow Lane, Nepean, Ontario K2G 3W2 SECRETARY: George Murphy, 9216-168 St. Edmonton, Alberta T5R 2V9 TREASURER Bill Anderson, 2988 Rankin St. Ottawa, Ontario K1V 8L3 MEMBER AT LARGE : Earle Phillips, 52 Price Ave., Hamilton, Ont. L9C 1K3 PAST PRESIDENT : Marg James, 1872 Garden St., Halifax, N.S. B3H 3R6 COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN COMPETITION Brian Ellis, 42 Kenwood Cr. Guelph, Ontario N1H 6E5 DEVELOPMENT Juri Peepre, #15-1600 W. 6th Ave. Vancouver, B.C. V6J 1R3 TECHNICAL Earle Phillips, 52 Price Ave., Hamilton, Ont. L9C 1K3 PLANNING Charlie Fox, 1225-235th St. RR 9 Langley, B.C. V3A 6H5 MAPPING Malcolm Adams, 699 Cardinal St.,St. Hilaire, Que. J3H 3Z5 PROVINCIAL ASSOCIATIONS NEWFOUNDLAND Ian MacCallum, 48 Pennywell Rd., St. John's Nfld. A1C 2K9 P.E.I. • Clint Evans, RR #1 Winsloe, P.E.I. COA 2H0 NOVA SCOTIA • Dave Wheeler, ONS, Box 3010 S Halifax, N.S. B3J 3G6 NEW BRUNSWICK : Alex McNaught, Comp. 36, Site 4 SS3, Fredericton, N.B. E3B 5W9 QUEBEC Bernard Douville, 2174 Aylwin, Montreal, Quebec H1W 3C5 ONTARIO • Henry Lam, 001, 1220 Sheppard Ave. E. Willowdale, Ont. M2K 2X1 MANITOBA • Lois Watts, 522 Paufeld Dr., Winnipeg, Manitoba R2G OV5 ALBERTA • Jim Webster, 107 Thomson Ave. N.E. Calgary, Alta. T2E 2W2 BRITISH COLUMBIA : Susan Foster, 1430 Argyle Ave. West Vancouver, B.C. V7T 1C2 NATIONAL OFFICE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Colin Kirk, COF 333 River Rd. Ottawa, Ont. K1L 889 TECHNICAL DIRECTOR: Ted de St. Croix, COF 333 River Rd., Ottawa, Ont. K1L 8B9 SECRETARY Lee Leger, COF 333 River Rd. Ottawa, Ontario K1L 8B9

The programs of this association are financially supported by Government of Canada Gouvemement du Canada 1* Fitness and Amateur Sport Condition physique et Sport amateur YOUR SHOPPING CENTRE FOR ALL ORIENTEERING® EQUIPMENT

SUITS, PANTS, KNICKERS. T-SHIRTS

SHOES, BOOTS

SOCKS, PULL-ON

COMPASSES, CONTROL CLIPPERS CONTROL FLAGS, CARD- BOARD CONTROL MARKERS.

BOOKS, FILMSTRIPS, SLIDES, AND TRAINING AIDS.

Stock is immediately available. Write to us for complete catalogues. SILVA LIMITED 446 McNICOLL AVE • WILLOWDALE • ONTARIO M2H 2E1