DOCSLIB.ORG

By Wenrui MA

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
By Wenrui MA An Examination of the Application of Power Theory in the Context of the Chinese Seaport Sector by Wenrui MA A Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Cardiff University Logistics and Operations Management Section of Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University December 2016 DECLARATION This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed ……… ………………… (candidate) Date …………14/03/2017……… STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Signed ……… ………………………… (candidate) Date ………14/03/2017…… STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed ………… ……………………… (candidate) Date …………14/03/2017… STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed …………… …………………… (candidate) Date …………14/03/2017… STATEMENT 4: PREVIOUSLY APPROVED BAR ON ACCESS I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access previously approved by the Academic Standards & Quality Committee. Signed …………… …………………… (candidate) Date ……14/03/2017……… i Abstract Power is an essential attribute of all social systems. Nonetheless, the study of this topic has been greatly overlooked in the context of the maritime component of international supply chain management. This study aims to contribute to addressing this shortfall by examining how the concept of power can be understood between two key maritime actors – the port/terminal operator and the liner shipping company. Four specific research topics have been created based on the key dimensions of the concept of power: power source, power pattern, power strategy, and power exercise. These topics relate, respectively, to the origin of power, the balance/imbalance of power, strategies to improve power, and the use of power. Investigation into the vested power issues relies on the dependence discourse and power-bases discourse of the concept of power. These have been analysed through the lenses of Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) and Social Exchange Theory (SET). Four Chinese hub seaports are used as the setting for this study (i.e. Xiamen Port, Shanghai Port, Qingdao Port and Ningbo Port). A qualitative case study strategy is deployed using data gathered mainly from 39 semi-structured interviews with leading players from both groups of maritime actors. The data were analysed using template analysis. Research findings reveal that case port/terminal operators implement a number of tactics to improve power in relation to liners. The sources of these two maritime actors’ power are identified at three levels: organisational, dyadic relationship, and supply chain network. Whereas case port/terminal operators and liner operators are found to be highly interdependent, the former party generally takes a more powerful position. Under this power pattern, the port terminal operators have used their reward power, legitimate power and coercive power to exercise control in the dyad. This study is the first to systematically investigate power issues in the maritime industry. The research centres on the Chinese hub seaports incorporating port governance and guanxi contextual issues. It extends the understanding of the concept of power and contributes to the knowledge of port/terminal operators’ business practices and relationships with liners. The overall outcome of this study is the creation of a theoretical framework to understand the basic functioning mechanisms of inter-organisational power. This study validates the RDT approach to examine power strategies in the inter-organisational dyads exploring the patterns and sources of power involved. It also contributes to SET by investigating the explanatory power of this theory for the patterns of power exercise. ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisors, Dr Stephen Pettit, Dr Robert Mason and Dr Jane Haider, for their valuable feedback, encouragement, and continuous support during my PhD journey. Secondly, special thanks go to all the participants of this research. Without them, it would have been impossible to conduct this research. Finally, this thesis is dedicated to my parents for their unconditional and endless love. iii Table of Contents DECLARATION ........................................................................................................... i Abstract ......................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ........................................................................................................ iv List of Figures .............................................................................................................. xi List of Tables ............................................................................................................... xii List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................. xiv Chapter 1 Introduction................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Chapter Overview ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Background ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Market Features of the Maritime Industry .............................................. 1 1.2.2 Power Issues in the Maritime Industry ................................................... 3 1.3 General Research Question and Research Context ........................................... 4 1.4 Key Concepts and Sub-research Questions ...................................................... 6 1.4.1 Key Concepts and Terminologies ........................................................... 6 1.4.1.1 Maritime and Supply Chain Terms ............................................... 6 1.4.1.2 Power-related Concepts ................................................................ 7 1.4.2 Sub-research Questions ........................................................................... 9 1.5 Structure of this Thesis ................................................................................... 10 1.6 Summary ......................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 2 The Market Environment of the Maritime Industry ........................... 13 2.1 Chapter Overview ........................................................................................... 13 2.2 Seaports in Supply Chains .............................................................................. 14 2.2.1 Distribution Networks and Ports ........................................................... 14 2.2.2 Ports as a Research Topic in Supply Chains ......................................... 15 2.2.3 Inter-organisational Relations in Port Communities ............................. 17 2.3 Port Development and Its Changing Role ...................................................... 19 2.3.1 Spatial Development Approach ............................................................ 19 2.3.2 Functional Development Approach ...................................................... 20 2.3.3 Comprehensive Approach ..................................................................... 21 2.3.4 Rising Status of Seaports in Supply Chains .......................................... 22 2.4 Ports in a Competitive Environment ............................................................... 23 2.4.1 Globalisation, Containerisation and Intermodalism ............................. 24 2.4.2 Existence of Strong Buyers? ................................................................. 25 iv 2.4.2.1 Use of Large Ships and Increasing Concentration of the Liner Market ..................................................................................................... 26 2.4.2.2 Cooperation among Carriers ....................................................... 27 2.4.2.3 Vertical Integration of Liner Operators in the Logistics Chain .. 28 2.5 Port Cooperation and the Emergence of Global Terminal Operators ............. 30 2.5.1 Port Cooperation ................................................................................... 30 2.5.2 Development of Terminal Operators ..................................................... 31 2.6 Port Governance.............................................................................................. 32 2.6.1 The Wide Concept of Governance ........................................................ 33 2.6.2 Port Governance and Changing Seaports ............................................. 36 2.6.3 Governance and Power ......................................................................... 40 2.7 Summary ......................................................................................................... 41 Chapter 3 The Theory of Power
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Competitiveness Analysis of China's Main Coastal Ports
    2019 International Conference on Economic Development and Management Science (EDMS 2019) Competitiveness analysis of China's main coastal ports Yu Zhua, * School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, China; [email protected] *Corresponding author Keywords: China coastal ports above a certain size, competitive power analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis Abstract: As a big trading power, China's main mode of transportation of international trade goods is sea transportation. Ports play an important role in China's economic development. Therefore, improving the competitiveness of coastal ports is an urgent problem facing the society at present. This paper selects 12 relevant indexes to establish a relatively comprehensive evaluation index system, and uses factor analysis and cluster analysis to evaluate and rank the competitiveness of China's 30 major coastal ports. 1. Introduction Port is the gathering point and hub of water and land transportation, the distribution center of import and export of industrial and agricultural products and foreign trade products, and the important node of logistics. With the continuous innovation of transportation mode and the rapid development of science and technology, ports play an increasingly important role in driving the economy, with increasingly rich functions and more important status and role. Meanwhile, the competition among ports is also increasingly fierce. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the promotion of "the Belt and Road Initiative", China's coastal ports have also been greatly developed. China has more than 18,000 kilometers of coastline, with superior natural conditions. With the introduction of the policy of reformation and opening, the human conditions are also excellent.
    [Show full text]
  • Mysteel Raw Materials Daily Bringing You the Latest Updates on China Raw Materials Markets Tuesday, August 2, 2016
    Iron Ore Coal & Coke Billet Scrap Ferroalloy Freight Latest News Analysis Data MYSTEEL RAW MATERIAL DEPARTMENT Mysteel Raw Materials Daily Bringing you the latest updates on China raw materials markets www.mysteel.net Tuesday, August 2, 2016 Currency Exchange 1 USD = 6.6277 CNY 1 USD =1.3265AUD 1 USD=3.2648 BRL ISSUE 292 USD/DMT Mysteel IO Index (62% Fe Australia) Today's Highlight 80 70 Steel mills raise steel prices 60 50 Steel prices rose again. Shagang Group issued the early August’s adjustment 40 policy of steel prices on Aug 1th. Rebar price increased by 70 yuan/ton and 16- 30 25mm Spot rebar’s ex-factory price came to 2480 yuan/ton. Coiled rebar price 20 10 increased by 30/ton and 8-10mm spot coiled rebar’s strike price stood at 2530 0 yuan/ton. High speed wire price came to 2480 yuan/ton, up 30 yuan/ton. Hot- rolled coil products’ prices reached 2800-2830 yuan/ton, up 20 yuan/ton. Jul-15 Jul-16 Jan-16 Jun-15 Jun-16 Oct-15 Apr-15 Apr-16 Sep-15 Feb-16 Dec-15 Aug-15 Nov-15 Mar-15 Mar-16 May-15 May-16 USD/tonne Mysteel IO Index VS Mysteel Shanghai Rebar Index USD/dmt Iron ore price hits high 500 80 Iron ore future price 1609 hits three-month high of 486.5 yuan per tonne 450 70 400 60 in Dalian commodity exchange market, and is set to end July with a second 350 consecutive monthly gain, defying market expectations that iron ore would be 300 50 250 40 dragged down by increased supply in 2H16.
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong SAR
    China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com.
    [Show full text]
  • Largest Seaports and Airports with Reported Threats
    Largest Seaports and Airports with Reported Threats Sources: riskmethods (reported threats based on multi-year trends) and Wikipedia (cargo and container traffic, 2017) Ted Stevens Anchorage Intl. Airport Port of Hamburg Port of Rotterdam Port of Antwerp Frankfurt am Main Intl. Airport Port of Tianjin Port of Los Angeles Port of New York Port of Port of Busan Shanghai Pudong Intl. Airport Qingdao Louisville Port of Intl. Airport Port of Shanghai Port of Ningbo-Zhousan Long Beach Memphis Port Guangzhou Intl. Airport Port of Kaohsiung Dubai Intl. Hong Kong Intl. Airport Taiwan Taoyuan Intl. Airport Airport Port of Hong Kong Europe Civil Unrest Disaster at Location Extratropical Storm Industrial Dispute Asia Disaster Earthquake Extratropical Flash Flood Industrial Power Tropical Terrorist at Location Storm Dispute Outage Cyclone Attack Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Frankfurt am Main Intl. Airport, Germany 2.110.670 Hong Kong Intl. Airport, China 4.881.075 Cargo Seaports Container Traffic (in thous. TEUs) Shanghai Pudong Intl. Airport, China 3.703.431 Port of Hamburg, Germany 9.000 Dubai Intl. Airport, UAE 2.651.467 Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands 13.600 Taiwan Taoyuan Intl. Airport, Taiwan 2.233.493 Port of Antwerp, Belgium 10.450 Cargo Seaports Container Traffic (in thous. TEUs) Disaster Earthquake Extratropical Flash Flood Power Tropical Terrorist Tsunami Volcano Americas Industrial Port of Hong Kong, China 20.760 at Location Storm Dispute Outage Cyclone Attack Port of Tianjin, China 15.210 Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Port of Ningbo-Zhousan, China 24.610 Memphis Intl. Airport, USA 4.307.050 Port Guangzhou, China 20.370 Louisville Intl.
    [Show full text]
  • Port Developments
    UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF MARITIME TRANSPORT 2012 Report by the UNCTAD secretariat Chapter 4 UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2012 PORT DEVELOPMENTS :RUOGFRQWDLQHUSRUWWKURXJKSXWLQFUHDVHGE\DQHVWLPDWHG}SHUFHQWWR}PLOOLRQ IRRWHTXLYDOHQWXQLWV 7(8V LQLWVKLJKHVWOHYHOHYHU7KLVLQFUHDVHZDVORZHU WKDQWKH}SHUFHQWLQFUHDVHRIWKDWZDVLWVHOIDVKDUSUHERXQGIURPWKHVOXPS of 2009. Chinese mainland ports maintained their share of total world container port WKURXJKSXWDW}SHUFHQW 7KH81&7$'/LQHU6KLSSLQJ&RQQHFWLYLW\,QGH[ /6&, VKRZHGDFRQWLQXDWLRQLQ of the trend towards larger ships deployed by a smaller number of companies. Between 2011 and 2012, the number of companies providing services per country went down E\ } SHU FHQW ZKLOH WKH DYHUDJH VL]H RI WKH ODUJHVW FRQWDLQHU VKLSV LQFUHDVHG E\ }SHUFHQW2QO\}SHUFHQWRIFRXQWU\SDLUVDUHVHUYHGE\GLUHFWOLQHUVKLSSLQJ connections; for the remaining country pairs at least one trans-shipment port is required. This chapter covers container port throughput, liner shipping connectivity and some of WKHPDMRUSRUWGHYHORSPHQWSURMHFWVXQGHUZD\LQGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHV,WDOVRDVVHVVHV how recent trends in ship enlargement may impact ports. 80 REVIEW OF MARITIME TRANSPORT 2012 A. PORT THROUGHPUT HFRQRPLHV IRU LV HVWLPDWHG DW } SHU FHQW signifying a return to previous year-on-year growth Port throughput is usually measured in tons and by levels. Developing economies’ share of world FDUJR W\SH IRU H[DPSOH OLTXLG RU GU\ FDUJR /LTXLG throughput continues to remain virtually unchanged at cargo is usually measured in tons
    [Show full text]
  • Best-Performing Cities China 2017 the Nation’S Most Successful Economies
    BEST-PERFORMING CITIES CHINA 2017 THE NATION’S MOST SUCCESSFUL ECONOMIES PERRY WONG, MICHAEL C.Y. LIN, AND JOE LEE TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are grateful to Laura Deal Lacey, executive director of the Milken Institute Asia Center; Belinda Chng, the center’s director for policy and programs; Ann-Marie Eu, the Institute’s associate for communications, and Jeff Mou, the Institute’s associate, for their support in developing an edition of our Best-Performing Cities series focused on China. We thank communication teams for their support in publications, as well as Ross DeVol, the Institute’s chief research officer, and Minoli Ratnatunga, economist at the Institute, for their constructive comments on our research. ABOUT THE MILKEN INSTITUTE A nonprofit, nonpartisan economic think tank, the Milken Institute works to improve lives around the world by advancing innovative economic and policy solutions that create jobs, widen access to capital, and enhance health. We do this through independent, data-driven research, action-oriented meetings, and meaningful policy initiatives. ABOUT THE ASIA CENTER The Milken Institute Asia Center promotes the growth of inclusive and sustainable financial markets in Asia by addressing the region’s defining forces, developing collaborative solutions, and identifying strategic opportunities for the deployment of public, private, and philanthropic capital. Our research analyzes the demographic trends, trade relationships, and capital flows that will define the region’s future. ABOUT THE CENTER FOR JOBS AND HUMAN CAPITAL The Center for Jobs and Human Capital promotes prosperity and sustainable economic growth around the world by increasing the understanding of the dynamics that drive job creation and promote industry expansion.
    [Show full text]
  • Worker Rights Excerpted Congressional-Executive
    WORKER RIGHTS EXCERPTED FROM THE 2011 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ONE HUNDRED TWELFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION OCTOBER 10, 2011 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 73–765 PDF WASHINGTON : 2012 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, SHERROD BROWN, Ohio, Cochairman Chairman MAX BAUCUS, Montana CARL LEVIN, Michigan DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon SUSAN COLLINS, Maine JAMES RISCH, Idaho EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS SETH D. HARRIS, Department of Labor MARIA OTERO, Department of State FRANCISCO J. SA´ NCHEZ, Department of Commerce KURT M. CAMPBELL, Department of State NISHA DESAI BISWAL, U.S. Agency for International Development PAUL B. PROTIC, Staff Director LAWRENCE T. LIU, Deputy Staff Director (II) WORKER RIGHTS Findings • Workers in China still are not guaranteed, either by law or in practice, full worker rights in accordance with international standards, including the right to organize into independent unions. The All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), the official union under the direction of the Communist Party, is the only legal trade union organization in China. All lower level unions must be affiliated with the ACFTU. • The Commission continues to note the lack of genuine labor representation in China.
    [Show full text]
  • Qingdao Port International Co., Ltd.* 青島港國際股份有限公司 (A Joint Stock Company Established in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability)
    The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited and the Securities and Futures Commission take no responsibility for the contents of this Post Hearing Information Pack, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this Post Hearing Information Pack. Post Hearing Information Pack Qingdao Port International Co., Ltd.* 青島港國際股份有限公司 (A joint stock company established in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) WARNING The publication of this Post Hearing Information Pack (“PHIP”) is required by The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Exchange”) and the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (the “Commission”) solely for the purpose of providing information to the public in Hong Kong. This PHIP is in draft form. The information contained in it is incomplete and is subject to change which can be material. By viewing this document, you acknowledge, accept and agree with Qingdao Port International Co., Ltd. (the “Company”), its sponsors, advisers and member of the underwriting syndicate that: (a) this document is only for the purpose of providing information about the Company to the public in Hong Kong and not for any other purposes. No investment decision should be based on the information contained in this document; (b) the publication of this document or supplemental, revised or replacement pages on the Exchange’s website does not give rise to any obligation of the Company, its sponsors, advisers or members of the underwriting syndicate to proceed with an offering in Hong Kong or any other jurisdiction.
    [Show full text]
  • Key Facts and Insight TOP 20 GLOBAL FREIGHT PORTS
    TOP 20 GLOBAL FREIGHT PORTS Key Facts and Insights from CoLoadX 1 . S H A N G H A I Volume: 37 million TEUs Port Fact: The Port of Shanghai set the all- time record for container handling in 2016. Website: http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/ 2 . S I N G A P O R E Volume: 30.9 Million TEUs Port Fact: By the end of 2017, the Port of Singapore will expand to handle up to 50 million TEUs of freight a year. Website: https://www.singaporepsa.com 3 . S H E N Z H E N Volume: 23.97 million TEUs Port Fact: The collective ports that make up the Port of Shenzhen cover over 250 kilometers of coastline. Website: http://www.szport.net 4 . N I N G B O - Z H O U S H A N Volume: 23.97 TEUs Port Fact: In 2015, Ningbo-Zhoushan ranked first in most cargo tonnage handled. Website: http://www.portnbzs.com.cn 5. HONG KONG Volume: 19.6 million TEUs Port Fact: Hong Kong is a rare port that does mid-stream operation: loading and unloading cargo while a vessel is still at sea. Website: http://www.mardep.gov.hk/en/home. html w w w . C o L o a d X . c o m TOP 20 GLOBAL FREIGHT PORTS Key Facts and Insight 6 . B U S A N Volume: 19.45 Million TEUs Port Fact: Because of its location, Busan is one of the busiest transshipment seaports in the world. Website: http://www.busanpa.com/kor/Main.do 7 .
    [Show full text]
  • UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT Southern District of New York *SUBJECT to GENERAL and SPECIFIC NOTES to THESE SCHEDULES* SUMMARY
    UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT Southern District of New York Refco Capital Markets, LTD Case Number: 05-60018 *SUBJECT TO GENERAL AND SPECIFIC NOTES TO THESE SCHEDULES* SUMMARY OF AMENDED SCHEDULES An asterisk (*) found in schedules herein indicates a change from the Debtor's original Schedules of Assets and Liabilities filed December 30, 2005. Any such change will also be indicated in the "Amended" column of the summary schedules with an "X". Indicate as to each schedule whether that schedule is attached and state the number of pages in each. Report the totals from Schedules A, B, C, D, E, F, I, and J in the boxes provided. Add the amounts from Schedules A and B to determine the total amount of the debtor's assets. Add the amounts from Schedules D, E, and F to determine the total amount of the debtor's liabilities. AMOUNTS SCHEDULED NAME OF SCHEDULE ATTACHED NO. OF SHEETS ASSETS LIABILITIES OTHER YES / NO A - REAL PROPERTY NO 0 $0 B - PERSONAL PROPERTY YES 30 $6,002,376,477 C - PROPERTY CLAIMED AS EXEMPT NO 0 D - CREDITORS HOLDING SECURED CLAIMS YES 2 $79,537,542 E - CREDITORS HOLDING UNSECURED YES 2 $0 PRIORITY CLAIMS F - CREDITORS HOLDING UNSECURED NON- YES 356 $5,366,962,476 PRIORITY CLAIMS G - EXECUTORY CONTRACTS AND UNEXPIRED YES 2 LEASES H - CODEBTORS YES 1 I - CURRENT INCOME OF INDIVIDUAL NO 0 N/A DEBTOR(S) J - CURRENT EXPENDITURES OF INDIVIDUAL NO 0 N/A DEBTOR(S) Total number of sheets of all Schedules 393 Total Assets > $6,002,376,477 $5,446,500,018 Total Liabilities > UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT Southern District of New York Refco Capital Markets, LTD Case Number: 05-60018 GENERAL NOTES PERTAINING TO SCHEDULES AND STATEMENTS FOR ALL DEBTORS On October 17, 2005 (the “Petition Date”), Refco Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Asia-Pacific Port Development 2007.Pdf
    APEC PORT SERVICES NETWORK RRPORT ON ASIA-PACIFIC PORT DEVELOPMENT 2007 Reported by the APSN secretariat Beijing, China, 2009 Contents Chapter Page 1. Overview of the Asia-Pacific Port Industry Development, 2007………………....1 2. Port Production………………………………………………………………..…15 3. Port Management & Control…………………………………………………….28 4. Investment and Financing of the Port Industry………………………………….32 5. Port Safety and Security…………………………………………………………38 6. Port Services……………………………………………………………………..44 Individual Report： 1. Report on Port Development of China, 2007……………………………...….52 2. Report on Port Development of Hong Kong, China, 2007…………………...74 3. Report on Port Development of Canada, 2007………………………..………96 List of Tables Chapter Page 1. Economic growth rates of APEC member economies……………………………1 2. Exports of APEC member economies - value………………………………….…3 3. Annual average growth rates of exports of APEC member economies…………..4 4. Exports of APEC member economies - share………………….…………………6 5. Imports of APEC member economies - value…………………………….………7 6. Annual average growth rates of exports of APEC member economies……..……8 7. Imports of APEC member economies - share……………………………...……10 8. Container Port Throughputs of Selected APEC Member Economies…..……….12 9. List of the newly issued measures and regulations on the port and shipping industries in 2007, China……………………………………...…………………13 10. World‟s Top 20 Container Ports by Throughput in 2007……….………………15 11. Container port traffic for selected APEC member economies……..……………16 12. Port throughputs by types of cargo in China…………………….………………17 13. Tonnage handled at China‟s top ten container ports in 2007……………………18 14. Total Tonnage Handled in Canada‟s Port System………….……………………19 15. Canada‟s Marine Traffic Statistics by Sector……………………………………20 16. International Cruise Ship Traffic at Major Canadian Ports……………………...21 17.
    [Show full text]
  • Port Governance in China Since 2004: Institutional Layering and the Growing Impact of Broader Policies
    Research in Transportation Business & Management 22 (2017) 184–200 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Research in Transportation Business & Management Port governance in China since 2004: Institutional layering and the growing impact of broader policies Theo Notteboom a,b,c,d,e,⁎, Zhongzhen Yang b a China Institute of FTZ Supply Chain, Shanghai Maritime University, People's Republic of China b Transportation Management College, Dalian Maritime University, People's Republic of China c Antwerp Maritime Academy, Belgium d Faculty of Applied Economics, University of Antwerp, Belgium e Maritime Institute, Faculty of Law, Ghent University, Belgium article info abstract Article history: This paper builds further on the work of Cullinane and Wang (2007) and more recent work on (port) governance Received 30 May 2016 in China. We argue that the market environment in which Chinese ports operate is quite different compared to Received in revised form 6 September 2016 ten years ago. The global and domestic economic slowdown and structural changes in the economic base have Accepted 12 September 2016 affected seaport volumes and freight traffic growth. Fears for port capacity shortages have made room for over- Available online 17 September 2016 capacity. New geo-economic policies such as the ‘Go West’ strategy and the ‘One Belt One Road’ (OBOR) initiative, the implementation of modern corporate governance principles and the establishment of Free Trade Zones (FTZs) are affecting the Chinese container seaport system. The above factors have triggered a number of strategic and managerial implications on Chinese ports: (a) an increased focus on seaport integration and co-operation, (b) a strong orientation on hinterland development through corridors and dry ports, (c) a two-way opening up of the seaport sector by combining initiatives to attract foreign investments and trade to Chinese ports with an internationalisation of Chinese port-related companies.
    [Show full text]