Historic Preservation Rehabilitation & Design Guidelines
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HISTORIC PRESERVATION REHABILITATION AND DESIGN GUIDELINES Gainesville, Florida Supplement to Land Development Code Section 30-112 1 City of Gainesville State of Florida Community Development Department Department of State D. Henrichs, Historic Preservation Planner Bureau of Historic Preservation Comprehensive Planning Division Vicki Cole, Grants and Education Section 306 NE 6th Avenue, Bldg. B R.A. Gray Building Station 11 PO Box 490 500 South Bronough Street Gainesville, Florida 32602-0490 Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 tel. 352.334.5022 tel 800.847.PAST fax 352.334.2282 http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/bhp University of Florida Research and Education Center for Architectural Preservation William L. Tilson, Professor, Co-Director School of Architecture College of Design, Construction and Planning 331 ARCH PO Box 115701 University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611-5701 tel 352.392.4836 Peter E. Prugh, Associate Professor, Director School of Architecture College of Design, Construction and Planning 331 ARCH PO Box 115701 University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611-5701 tel 352.392.0205 2 “ Preserve, Protect, Enhance and Support the Historic, Archaeo- logical and Cultural Resources within the City of Gainesville.” 3 CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS PREFACE 1 INTRODUCTION 5 Rehabilitation: A Practical Approach to Preservation Summary of Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historic Properties Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Properties Alteration/Additions to Historic Buildings Using the Guidelines for Planning a Preservation Project HISTORIC CONTEXT 15 History of the City of Gainesville Northeast Residential Historic District Southeast Residential Historic District Pleasant Street Historic District University Heights Historic Districts - North and South REHABILITATION GUIDELINES 79 Overview Structure of the Guidelines Authority to Review Certificate of Appropriateness Design Standards and Their Interpretation Setting Additions to Existing Buildings Roofs and Roof Surface Foundations Windows, Shutters and Awnings Entries, Porches and Balconies Doors and Entrances Exterior Fabric Painting, Texture and Color Auxiliary Structures Porte Cocheres and Garages Landscape Structures Fences and Garden Walls Sidewalks and Walkways Interior Space, Features and Finishes CONTENTS Mechanical Systems Sidewalks and Walkways Handicap Accessibility Relocating Buildings Demolition DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION Northeast, Southeast, & Pleasant Street Historic Districts 163 Maintaining the Historic Character of the Districts Defining the Criteria Rhythm of the Street Setbacks Height Roof Forms Rhythm of Entrances & Porches Walls of Continuity Scale of Building Directional Expression Proportion of the Front Facade Proportion & Rhythm of Openings Rhythm of Solids to Voids Detail and Materials University Heights Historic Districts - North and South 181 Maintaining the Historic Character of the Districts Defining the Criteria Rhythm of the Street Setbacks Height Roof Forms Rhythm: Entrances & Porches Walls of Continuity Scale of the Building Directional Expression Proportion of Front Facade Proportion & Rhythm of Openings Rhythm of Solids to Voids Detail and Materials CONTENTS GLOSSARY 191 BIBLIOGRAPHY 197 APPENDIX 1: FLORIDA’S ARCHITECTURAL PERIODS 205 Colonial Period Territorial Period Statehood Period Civil War & Reconstruction Period Post-Reconstruction Period Turn-of-the-Century WWI Period Florida Boom Period Depression & New Deal Period APPENDIX 2: ARCHITECTURAL STYLES 215 Frame Vernacular Shotgun Shingle Commercial Greek Revival Queen Anne Gothic Revival Colonial Revival Classical Revival Mediterranean Influence Mission Italian Renaissance Tudor Art Modern Masonry Vernacular Second Empire Beaux Arts Monterey Prairie Bungalow French Eclectic APPENDIX 3: MATERIALS 243 PREFACE PREFACE 1 PREFACE Section Cover: Partial map of Alachua County published in 1883. Brick residence on Northeast Boulevard in the Northeast Historic District. 2 PREFACE PREFACE The goal of the Historic Preservation Tallahassee. Analytical drawings are To prepare this revised version of the Thomas Sputo, and George Tedford, along Rehabilitation and Design Guidelines for found at the introduction of each district Preservation Guidelines, the City of with the College Park/University Heights the City of Gainesville is to provide advice that break the general term “character” into Gainesville, Department of Community Redevelopment Advisory Board and the and assistance to city officials, building categories of urban order, architectural Development, under the direction of D. Fifth Avenue/Pleasant Street professionals and property owners for the typology, details, materials and Henrichs, enlisted the services of the Redevelopment Advisory Board purpose of maintaining, rehabilitating, and construction. Research and Education Center for contributed significantly to the evolution preserving historic buildings, structures, The Historic Preservation Architectural Preservation (RECAP) at the of this document. objects, and appurtenances within the his- Rehabilitation and Design Guidelines University of Florida School of In addition to the State of Florida Site toric districts of Gainesville or individually establish a uniform structure for organizing Architecture. The principal investigators Files, Ben Pickard and the members of listed properties on the local or national guidelines while accommodating the of the project were Co-directors of the Historic Gainesville, Inc., offered great register. The Guidelines also recommend unique character of individual districts. Center, Peter E. Prugh, AIA, APA, support with the historical context section strategies for the design of new construc- The continuity of the historic preservation Associate Professor and William L. Tilson. of this document. The information tion that maintain the building pattern of guidelines promotes more uniform The project manager was Kathleen contained in this section could not have the districts, are compatible with the exist- application of the guidelines in different McGuinness who was assisted by Graduate been completed without a strong reliance ing district character and contribute posi- settings throughout the city and assists Research Assistants Charles L. Hailey and on the many years of detailed research into tively to their evolving character and pro- in many ways the community of property Bing Hu and field research and Graduate Gainesville’s architectural and social tect existing contributing structures. The owners, developers, community boards Research Assistants Angie Brown, Gary history prepared by this group. Their guidelines are a single comprehensive and city officials. Gorman, Ellen Holden and Jenny Wolfe “Historic Alachua County and Old document that also employs specific lan- In addition to the Preservation and conducted studies. The project was Gainesville: A Tour Guide to the Past,” is guage to protect the unique historical and Conservation Manual, (City of supported by the combined efforts of the highly recommended reading for all those cultural fabric of each district. Gainesville, Department of Community State of Florida and the City of Gainesville who are responsible for owning, To establish a firm logic for specific Development), these guidelines utilize the through the State of Florida Division of maintaining or developing property in the recommendations, the contextual history structure and content of the Model Historical Resources. historic districts. and character defining elements of each Guidelines for Design Review (State of This document was made possible The residents of the Northeast historic district is analyzed in an illustrated Florida (1998). The Model Design through the significant input of many local Residential Historic District, Southeast narrative. For example, the history of each Guidelines for Design Review was used to groups and individuals who have been Gainesville Historic District, Pleasant Street district is visualized using Sanborn organize the content of the Gainesville instrumental in the movement to preserve Historic District and the University Heights Insurance maps, aerial images and oral guidelines thereby aligning it with the Gainesville’s historic neighborhoods. The Historic Districts who provided insight, history accounts where official public guidelines currently in place or being Gainesville Historic Preservation Board personal histories of properties and helpful records are not available. The guidelines developed in other Florida historic members, Patrice Boyes, Dennis Egan, comments on the effectiveness of the make use of historic photographs found communities. This alignment streamlines Joan Gowen, Mary Honeycutt, Tim guidelines are to be commended, for from Gainesville sources complemented by state and federal compliance processes Hoskinson, Apryl Howell, Sandra Lamme, ultimately, the long term preservation of selections from the State of Florida while foregrounding the unique Richard MacMaster, Jim Mallard, Jeanna these districts is literally in their hands. Photographic Collection and the State requirements of Gainesville’s historic Mastrodicasa, Antonio Prieto, Jay Reeves, Archives, Florida Department of State, districts. 3 INTRODUCTION 4 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 5 INTRODUCTION Section Cover: Lithograph of Gainesville, 1884. Native fieldstone “Chert” House University Heights South District 6 INTRODUCTION A Practical Approach REHABILITATION: A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO PRESERVATION The