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Cancer Treatment & Survivorship Facts & Figures: 2014-2015

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Cancer Treatment & Survivorship Facts & Figures: 2014-2015 Cancer Treatment & Survivorship Facts & Figures 2014-2015 Estimated Numbers of Cancer Survivors by State as of January 1, 2014 WA 332,920 NH 77,320 MT VT ME ND 52,030 31,850 79,400 35,200 OR MN 185,730 282,090 ID MA 364,460 66,600 WI SD NY 40,130 295,520 WY 960,920 MI RI 29,820 543,470 59,240 IA PA CT NE 181,830 NV 142,870 643,350 96,610 108,000 OH NJ 483,590 UT 555,740 IL IN DE 46,040 81,260 CA CO 578,840 279,420 MD 264,450 1,661,740 211,670 WV KS 101,060 VA DC 21,280 MO 319,080 142,700 281,330 KY 220,640 NC TN 348,850 AZ OK 241,560 348,720 NM 172,080 AR SC 80,080 107,500 226,420 GA MS AL 355,870 95,950 197,040 TX 929,970 LA AK 206,490 31,740 FL 1,222,960 US Total HI 14,483,830 60,380 Note: State estimates do not sum to US total due to rounding. Contents Introduction 1 Who Are Cancer Survivors? 1 How Many Cancer Survivors Are Alive in the US? 1 How Many Cancer Survivors Are Expected to Be Alive in the US in 2024? 2 Selected Cancers 3 Breast (Female) 3 Cancers in Children and Adolescents 8 Colon and Rectum 9 Leukemias and Lymphomas 10 Lung and Bronchus 13 Melanoma 14 Prostate 14 Testis 15 Thyroid 16 Urinary Bladder 17 Uterine Corpus 18 Navigating the Cancer Experience: Diagnosis and Treatment 19 Choosing a Doctor 19 Choosing a Treatment Facility 20 Choosing among Recommended Treatments 21 Barriers to Treatment and Cancer Disparities 21 Common Side Effects of Cancer and Its Treatment 22 Impairment-driven Cancer Rehabilitation 25 Palliative Care 25 The Recovery Phase 25 Long-term Survivorship 26 Quality of Life 26 Risk of Recurrence and Subsequent Cancers 27 Regaining and Improving Health through Healthy Behaviors 28 Concerns of Caregivers and Families 30 The American Cancer Society 32 How the American Cancer Society Saves Lives 32 Sources of Statistics 37 References 38 Acknowledgments 45 Corporate Center: American Cancer Society Inc. 250 Williams Street, NW, Atlanta, GA 30303-1002 For more information, contact: 404-320-3333 Carol DeSantis, MPH ©2014, American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this publication Rebecca Siegel, MPH or portions thereof in any form. Ahmedin Jemal, DVM, PhD For written permission, address the Legal department of the American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, NW, Atlanta, GA 30303-1002. This publication attempts to summarize current scientific information about cancer. Except when specified, it does not represent the official policy of the American Cancer Society. Suggested citation: American Cancer Society. Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Facts & Figures 2014-2015. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2014 The goals of treatment are to “cure” the cancer if possible and/or Introduction prolong survival and provide the highest possible quality of life during and after treatment. A cancer is cured when all traces of the cancer have been removed from the patient’s body. Although Who Are Cancer Survivors? it is usually not possible to know for sure if the cancer has been completely eradicated, for many patients diagnosed with cancer, A cancer survivor is any person who has been diagnosed with the initial course of therapy is successful and the cancer never cancer, from the time of diagnosis through the balance of life. returns. However, even cancer-free survivors must cope with the There are at least three distinct phases associated with cancer long-term effects of treatment, as well as psychological concerns survival, including the time from diagnosis to the end of initial such as fear of recurrence. Cancer patients, caregivers, and sur- treatment, the transition from treatment to extended survival, vivors must have the information and support they need to play and long-term survival.1 In practice, however, the term “survi- an active role in decisions that affect treatment and quality of life. vor” is often used to mean someone who has finished active treatment. Survivorship encompasses a range of cancer experi- Throughout this document, the terms cancer patient and survi- ences and trajectories, including: vor are used interchangeably. It is also recognized that not all • Living cancer-free for the remainder of life people with a cancer diagnosis identify with the term “cancer survivor.” • Living cancer-free for many years but experiencing one or more serious, late complications of treatment How Many Cancer Survivors Are Alive • Living cancer-free for many years, but dying after a late in the US? recurrence Nearly 14.5 million children and adults with a history of cancer • Living cancer-free after the first cancer is treated, but were alive on January 1, 2014, in the United States. This estimate developing a second cancer does not include carcinoma in situ (non-invasive cancer) of any • Living with intermittent periods of active disease requiring site except urinary bladder, nor does it include basal cell and treatment squamous cell skin cancers. The 10 most common cancer sites • Living with cancer continuously without a disease-free represented among male and female survivors are shown in Fig- period ure 1. Prostate (43%), colon and rectum (9%), and melanoma (8%) Figure 1. Estimated Numbers of US Cancer Survivors by Site As of January 1, 2014 As of January 1, 2024 Male Female Male Female Prostate Breast Prostate Breast 2,975,970 (43%) 3,131,440 (41%) 4,194,190 (45%) 3,951,930 (41%) Colon & rectum Uterine corpus Colon & rectum Colon & rectum 621,430 (9%) 624,890 (8%) 789,950 (8%) 771,070 (8%) Melanoma Colon & rectum Melanoma Uterine corpus 516,570 (8%) 624,340 (8%) 698,040 (7%) 756,980 (8%) Urinary bladder Melanoma Urinary bladder Melanoma 455,520 (7%) 528,860 (7%) 577,780 (6%) 696,280 (7%) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Thyroid Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Thyroid 297,820 (4%) 470,020 (6%) 390,170 (4%) 645,330 (7%) Testis Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Kidney Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 244,110 (4%) 272,000 (4%) 318,990 (3%) 360,220 (4%) Kidney Uterine cervix Testis Lung & bronchus 229,790 (3%) 244,180 (3%) 308,000 (3%) 289,400 (3%) Lung & bronchus Lung & bronchus Oral cavity & pharynx Cervix 196,580 (3%) 233,510 (3%) 241,920 (3%) 244,840 (3%) Oral cavity & pharynx Ovary Lung & bronchus Ovary 194,140 (3%) 199,900 (3%) 240,530 (3%) 236,320 (2%) Leukemia Kidney Leukemia Kidney 177,940 (3%) 159,280 (2%) 230,590 (2%) 221,260 (2%) All sites All sites All sites All sites 6,876,600 7,607,230 9,312,080 9,602,590 Source: Data Modeling Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute. American Cancer Society, Surveillance and Health Services Research, 2014 Cancer Treatment & Survivorship Facts & Figures 2014-2015 1 are the three most common cancers among male cancer survi- vors and breast (41%), uterine corpus (8%), and colon and rectum (8%) are the most common among female survivors. The majority of cancer survivors (64%) were diagnosed 5 or more years ago, and 15% were diagnosed 20 or more years ago (Table 1). Nearly half (46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older, while only 5% are younger than 40 years (Table 2). How Many Cancer Survivors Are Expected to Be Alive in the US in 2024? By January 1, 2024, it is estimated that the population of cancer survivors will increase to almost 19 million: 9.3 million males and 9.6 million females (Figure 1, page 1). Table 1. Estimated Numbers of US Cancer Survivors as of January 1, 2014, by Sex and Time Since Diagnosis Male and Female Male Female Years since Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative diagnosis Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent 0 to <5 years 5,149,350 36% 36% 2,731,710 40% 40% 2,417,640 32% 32% 5 to <10 years 3,407,910 24% 59% 1,739,950 25% 65% 1,667,960 22% 54% 10 to <15 years 2,263,770 16% 75% 1,070,460 16% 81% 1,193,310 16% 69% 15 to <20 years 1,455,280 10% 85% 617,230 9% 90% 838,050 11% 80% 20 to <25 years 912,890 6% 91% 338,530 5% 94% 574,360 8% 88% 25 to <30 years 547,240 4% 95% 175,620 3% 97% 371,620 5% 93% 30+ years 747,400 5% 100% 203,100 3% 100% 544,300 7% 100% Note: Percentages do not sum to 100% due to rounding. Source: Data Modeling Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute. Table 2. Estimated Number of US Cancer Survivors as of January 1, 2014, by Sex and Age at Prevalance Male and Female Male Female Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent All ages 14,483,830 6,876,600 7,607,230 0-14 60,620 <1% <1% 38,210 1% 1% 22,410 <1% <1% 15-19 48,690 <1% 1% 24,950 <1% 1% 23,740 <1% 1% 20-29 185,500 1% 2% 77,470 1% 2% 108,030 1% 2% 30-39 399,720 3% 5% 140,770 2% 4% 258,950 3% 5% 40-49 985,470 7% 12% 347,780 5% 9% 637,690 8% 14% 50-59 2,388,540 16% 28% 971,660 14% 23% 1,416,880 19% 32% 60-69 3,811,640 26% 54% 1,858,250 27% 50% 1,953,390 26% 58% 70-79 3,762,310 26% 80% 2,026,380 29% 80% 1,735,930 23% 81% 80+ 2,841,340 20% 100% 1,391,130 20% 100% 1,450,210 19% 100% Note: Percentages do not sum to 100% due to rounding.
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