Hymenoptera Aculeata: Apidae)
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The Female Cephalothorax of Xenos Vesparum Rossi, 1793 (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) 327-347 75 (2): 327 – 347 8.9.2017
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 75 Autor(en)/Author(s): Richter Adrian, Wipfler Benjamin, Beutel Rolf Georg, Pohl Hans Artikel/Article: The female cephalothorax of Xenos vesparum Rossi, 1793 (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) 327-347 75 (2): 327 – 347 8.9.2017 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2017. The female cephalothorax of Xenos vesparum Rossi, 1793 (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) Adrian Richter, Benjamin Wipfler, Rolf G. Beutel & Hans Pohl* Entomology Group, Institut für Spezielle Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie mit Phyletischem Museum, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erbert- straße 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; Hans Pohl * [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted 16.v.2017. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on 30.viii.2017. Editors in charge: Christian Schmidt & Klaus-Dieter Klass Abstract The female cephalothorax of Xenos vesparum (Strepsiptera, Xenidae) is described and documented in detail. The female is enclosed by exuvia of the secondary and tertiary larval stages and forms a functional unit with them. Only the cephalothorax is protruding from the host’s abdomen. The cephalothorax comprises the head and thorax, and the anterior half of the first abdominal segment. Adult females and the exuvia of the secondary larva display mandibles, vestigial antennae, a labral field, and a mouth opening. Vestiges of maxillae are also recognizable on the exuvia but almost completely reduced in the adult female. A birth opening is located between the head and prosternum of the exuvia of the secondary larva. A pair of spiracles is present in the posterolateral region of the cephalothorax. -
Ireland's Biodiversity in 2010
Biodiversity in 2010 State of Knowledge Ireland’s Biodiversity in 2010: State of Knowledge Editors: Úna FitzPatrick, Eugenie Regan and Liam Lysaght Citation: FitzPatrick, Ú., Regan, E. and Lysaght, L. (editors)(2010) Ireland’s Biodiversity in 2010: State of Knowledge. National Biodiversity Data Centre, Waterford. © National Biodiversity Data Centre 2010 ISBN 978-1-906304-15-7 Contents Foreword 1 Introduction 3 Habitats (non-marine) 7 Vegetation 8 Fungi 9 Lichens 11 Bryophytes 12 Algae 13 Vascular plants 15 Non-insect invertebrates 17 Insects 21 Tunicates & lancelets 24 Marine fishes 25 Freshwater fishes 27 Amphibians & reptiles 29 Birds 31 Land mammals 33 Bats 34 Marine mammals 35 References 36 Appendix 41 The National Biodiversity Data Centre is an initiative of the Heritage Council and is operated under a service level agreement by Compass Informatics. The Centre is funded by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. Foreword Dr Liam Lysaght Ireland, along with its EU partners, agreed to ‘Halt biodiversity loss by 2010’. Before we can halt biodiversity loss, we need to have some understanding of what that biodiversity resource is. As a contribution to this target, and to mark International Year of Biodiversity 2010, the National Biodiversity Data Centre set out to produce an overview of the state of knowledge on Ireland’s biodiversity. The scope of this task relates only to knowledge on what species and habitats occur in Ireland, how they are distributed, and how their range and/or populations are changing. Ecosystem function and conservation management are outside the remit of the Centre thus are not addressed in this document. -
By Stylops (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) and Revised Taxonomic Status of the Parasite
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 519:Rediscovered 117–139 (2015) parasitism of Andrena savignyi Spinola (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae)... 117 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.519.6035 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Rediscovered parasitism of Andrena savignyi Spinola (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) by Stylops (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) and revised taxonomic status of the parasite Jakub Straka1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Katerina Jůzová1, Mohammed A. Hannan2,3, Ismael A. Hinojosa-Díaz4, Michael S. Engel5 1 Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic 2 Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 3 Current address: 6-125 Cole Road, Guelph, Ontario N1G 4S8, Canada 4 Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, Mexico 5 Division of Invertebrate Zoology (Entomology), American Museum of Natural Hi- story; Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive – Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-4415, USA Corresponding authors: Jakub Straka ([email protected]); Abdulaziz S. Alqarni ([email protected]) Academic editor: Michael Ohl | Received 29 April 2015 | Accepted 26 August 2015 | Published 1 September 2015 http://zoobank.org/BEEAEE19-7C7A-47D2-8773-C887B230C5DE Citation: Straka J, -
The History of the Systematic Placement of an Enigmatic Parasitic Insect Order H
Entomologia 2013; volume 1:e4 SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY The Strepsiptera-Odyssey: the history of the systematic placement of an enigmatic parasitic insect order H. Pohl, R.G. Beutel Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany Neuropterida. Several early hypotheses based on a typological Abstract approach − affinities with Diptera, Coleoptera, a coleopteran sub- group, or Neuropterida − were revived using either a Hennigian The history of the phylogenetic placement of the parasitic insect approach or formal analyses of morphological characters or different order Strepsiptera is outlined. The first species was described in molecular data sets. A phylogenomic approach finally supported a sis- 1793 by P. Rossi and assigned to the hymenopteran family tergroup relationship with monophyletic Coleoptera. Ichneumonidae. A position close to the cucujiform beetle family Rhipiphoridae was suggested by several earlier authors. Others pro- «Systemata entomologica perturbare videtur cum ex ordinibus posed a close relationship with Diptera or even a group Pupariata omnibus repellatur − animalculum − animum excrucians. Tempus including Diptera, Strepsiptera and Coccoidea. A subordinate place- ducamus, et dies alteri lucem afferent.» ment within the polyphagan series Cucujiformia close to the wood- [We see the entomological system confused, and that it (the associated Lymexylidae was favored by the coleopterist R.A. Crowson. strepsipteran) bounces out from all orders. The little critter gets W. Hennig considered a sistergroup relationship with Coleoptera as on our nerves. Time will show, and other days will bring light in the most likely hypothesis but emphasized the uncertainty. Cladistic this matter.] analyses of morphological data sets yielded very different place- ments, alternatively as sistergroup of Coleoptera, Antliophora, or all Latreille, 1809 other holometabolan orders. -
Downloaded and Searched Using
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/453514; this version posted November 17, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Title: Bacterial contribution to genesis of the novel germ line determinant oskar 2 3 Authors: Leo Blondel1, Tamsin E. M. Jones2,3 and Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* 4 5 Affiliations: 6 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, 7 Cambridge MA, USA 8 2. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity 9 Avenue, Cambridge MA, USA 10 3. Current address: European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome 11 Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK 12 13 * Correspondence to [email protected] 14 15 Abstract: New cellular functions and developmental processes can evolve by modifying 16 existing genes or creating novel genes. Novel genes can arise not only via duplication or 17 mutation but also by acquiring foreign DNA, also called horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Here 18 we show that HGT likely contributed to the creation of a novel gene indispensable for 19 reproduction in some insects. Long considered a novel gene with unknown origin, oskar has 20 evolved to fulfil a crucial role in insect germ cell formation. Our analysis of over 100 insect 21 Oskar sequences suggests that Oskar arose de novo via fusion of eukaryotic and prokaryotic 22 sequences. This work shows that highly unusual gene origin processes can give rise to novel 23 genes that can facilitate evolution of novel developmental mechanisms. -
Nieuwsbrief Sectie Hymenoptera
nummer 20 april 2020 Nieuwsbrief Sectie Hymenoptera Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging In dit nummer onder meer: Verslagen excursies 2019 Veldobservaties Waarnemingen aan nesten van Eucera longicornis op Texel De goudwesp Chrysurus austriaca in Zuid-Limburg ‘Binokenmerken’ documenteren met macrofotografie Het genus Proctotrupes in Nederland nr. 20, april 2020 ISSN 1387-1773 Foto voorpagina: Proctotrupes gravidator. Foto: Sipke Wadman. Nieuwsbrief sectie Hymenoptera van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging Vormgeving: Jan Smit. Redactie J. D’Haeseleer, T. Peeters, J. Smit, E. van der Spek Redactieadres Voermanstraat 14, 6921 NP Duiven e-mail: [email protected] Website www.hymenovaria.nl Redactioneel De seCtie groeit en dat is te merken aan het aantal Uit het buitenland de Hymenopterologen-Tagung in leden dat een bijdrage aanlevert voor de nieuwsbrief. Stuttgart en de bij van het jaar in Duitsland. Het is een boordevol nummer geworden! !! Vanwege de CoronaCrisis is de voorjaarsexcursie Bij ‘Oproepen’ de bekende vraag van de versChoven naar volgend jaar!! penningmeester om de bijdrage van dit jaar te betalen, een oproep om gestylopiseerde aculeaten te Om te beginnen de aankondiging van de zomer- verzamelen en de vraag om mee te doen aan het excursie van dit jaar. Dan een viertal verslagen: van de bodemnestelregister. Verder een oproep om uit te studiedag, de exCursies van 2019 en een symposium. kijken naar de ogentroostdikpoot De rubriek Leuke waarnemingen’’ is goed gevuld. En er is een viertal veldobservaties. Er zijn enkele mededelingen, met daarin een aangekondigde bestuurswijziging, het jaarverslag van Bij de ‘Artikelen’een negental bijdragen, met een de seCtie en aCtiviteiten van anderen. veelheid aan onderwerpen; van uitgegraven nesten, de naamgeving van bijen, gynandromorfen, goudwespen, Jorgen Ravoet wordt hartelijk bedankt voor het jonge hommelkoninginnen en sluipwespen van het vertalen van enkele samenvattingen in het Engels. -
We Do Not Select, Nor Are We Choosy: Reproductive Biology of Strepsiptera (Insecta)
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, , –. With 11 figures. We do not select, nor are we choosy: reproductive biology of Strepsiptera (Insecta) JEYARANEY KATHIRITHAMBY1*, MICHAEL HRABAR2, JUAN A. DELGADO3, FRANCISCO COLLANTES3, STEFAN DOTTERL€ 4, DONALD WINDSOR5 and GERHARD GRIES2 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK 2Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada 3Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain 4Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria 5Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Edificio Tupper – 401, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama Received 10 February 2015; revised 7 April 2015; accepted for publication 7 April 2015 The cryptic entomophagous parasitoids in the order Strepsiptera exhibit specific adaptations to each of the 34 families that they parasitize, offering rich opportunities for the study of male–female conflict. We address the compelling question as to how the diversity of Strepsiptera (where cryptic speciation is common) arose. Studying 13 strepsipteran families, including fossil taxa, we explore the genitalic structures of males, the free-living females of the Mengenillidia (suborder), and the endoparasitic females of the Stylopidia (suborder). Inferring from similarity between aedeagi of males either between congeners, heterogeners, or between species within the same taxonomic family, the same of which is true of the cephalothoraces of females, we predict that male–female conflict and a co-evolutionary morphological arms race between sexes is not likely to exist in most species of Strepsiptera. We then review the non-genitalic structures that play a role during sexual communication, and present details of copulatory behaviour. -
Strepsiptera: Xenidae) Have Green- and UV-Sensitive Photoreceptors Marisano James1, Sri Pratima Nandamuri2,*, Aaron Stahl2 and Elke K
© 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Experimental Biology (2016) 219, 3866-3874 doi:10.1242/jeb.148361 RESEARCH ARTICLE The unusual eyes of Xenos peckii (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) have green- and UV-sensitive photoreceptors Marisano James1, Sri Pratima Nandamuri2,*, Aaron Stahl2 and Elke K. Buschbeck2,‡ ABSTRACT neotenic bodies remain within their hosts, within which they give The highly specialized evolution of Strepsiptera has produced one of birth to live young. These triungulins are mobile and find new hosts the most unusual eyes among mature insects, perhaps in line with by entering into wasp larvae of the same nest, or by riding their extremely complex and challenging life cycle. This relatively rare uninfected wasps to other nests to enter larvae there (Hughes et al., X. peckii insect order is one of the few for which it has been unclear what 2003). Toward the end of summer, developing breach the spectral classes of photoreceptors any of its members may possess, cuticle of the abdomen of their, by then, adult wasp hosts. Males an even more apt question given the nocturnal evolution of the group. pupate without exiting their hosts, and only later eclose, becoming To address this question, we performed electroretinograms on adult airborne immediately. Mature, unmated females emit a sex male Xenos peckii: we measured spectral responses to equi-quantal pheromone (Cvacka et al., 2012; Tolasch et al., 2012), which monochromatic light flashes of different wavelengths, and attracts adult males (Fig. 1A) through olfaction, while females also established VlogI relationships to calculate spectral sensitivities. protrude their cephalothorax out of the wasp, potentially providing X. -
Master's Thesis
Morphology of Stylops advarians (Strepsiptera) and the Effects of Parasitization on its Host, Andrena milwaukeensis (Hymenoptera) A thesis submitted to the College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science In the Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By ZACHARY S. BALZER © Copyright Zachary S. Balzer, August 2019. All rights reserved. PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying, publication, or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Request for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis in whole or in part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan 112 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C8 OR Dean College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies University of Saskatchewan 116 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9 Canada i ABSTRACT Strepsiptera is an enigmatic order of endoparasitic insects known for the extreme sexual dimorphism of the adults, which results in a unique lifecycle. -
Struikelen Over Stylops Op De Stompert (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) Jan Smit, John Smit, Violet Middelman & Remco Vos
struikelen over STYLOPS op de stompert (strepsiptera: stylopidae) Jan Smit, John Smit, Violet Middelman & Remco Vos Waaiertjes weten zich goed te onttrekken aan de ogen van entomologen. Ze hebben een bijzondere levenswijze, waarbij de vrouwtjes in het achterlijf van hun gastheer verstopt zitten en de mannetjes slechts enkele uren leven. Dit maakt het lastig de dieren in het veld te vinden. Toch was er in het voorjaar van 2011 en van 2012 een opvallende toe name van het aantal waarnemingen van het zandbijwaaiertje. een waarneming van een ongekende hoeveelheid inleiding mannen van S. melittae in een grote nestaggregatie Door hun verborgen levenswijze blijven waaier- van de grijze zandbij Andrena vaga Panzer, 1799. vleugeligen (Strepsiptera) vaak onopgemerkt in het veld. Het zijn vooral hymenopterologen die nog In dit artikel geven we een overzicht van deze wel eens een vrouwtje vinden in het achterlijf van waarnemingen, een geactualiseerde verspreidings- een verzamelde zandbij Andrena of een andere kaart en behandelen we enkele van de discussie- aculeaat. Af en toe zorgt een publicatie ervoor punten die gemeld werden op het forum. dat de aandacht op deze dieren wordt gevestigd, waardoor het aantal waarnemingen toeneemt. STYLOPS MELITTAE Dit gebeurde bijvoorbeeld naar aan leiding van het overzichtsartikel van Smit & Smit (2005). Het grootste deel van het leven van een Stylops speelt zich af in het lichaam van een gastheer, een In 2011 kwam er een stroom van waarnemingen zandbij. De mannetjes en vrouwtjes van S. melittae van het zandbijwaaiertje Stylops melittae Kirby, vertonen, net als andere waaiervleugeligen, een 1802 op gang naar aanleiding van een foto op sterke seksuele dimorfie. -
Early Nest Emergence of Females Parasitised by Strepsiptera in Protandrous Bees (Hymenoptera Andrenidae)
Ethology Ecology & Evolution 23: 97–109, 2011 Early nest emergence of females parasitised by Strepsiptera in protandrous bees (Hymenoptera Andrenidae) J. STRAKA 1,4,K.REZKOVA 1,J.BATELKA 2 and L. KRATOCHVÍL 3 1 Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Zoology, Viniˇcná 7, 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic 2 Nad Vodovodem 16, 100 00, Praha 10, Czech Republic 3 Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Ecology, Viniˇcná 7, 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic Received 27 April 2010, accepted 6 August 2010 Stylopised (= parasitised by Strepsiptera Stylopidae) imagoes of Andrena (Hymenoptera Andrenidae) bees are known to exhibit intersexual morphology. Until now, their abnormal morphology has been thought to result from undernourishment of parasitised larvae during development. This hypothesis, however, dos not fit to mass provisioning Hymenoptera. We hypothesised that induced changes in the suite of morphological characters might be a consequence of manipulation of sex-specific behavioural traits by a strepsipteran parasite. Thus, the masculinised morphology of stylopised females might be connected with shifts in their sexual behaviour. Here, we tested the effect of Stylops (Strepsiptera Stylopidae) infection on the timing of spring nest emergence in Andrena bees, where males generally emerged conspicuously ear- lier than conspecific females. We used two independent data samplings – pan trapping and direct observation – to avoid possible bias caused by one of the methods. In accordance with our hypothesis, we documented that the time of emergence/activity Downloaded By: [Straka, Jakub] At: 08:49 12 April 2011 in stylopised females follows the temporal trend of uninfected, protandrous males. -
A First Record of Stylops Melittae Kirby, 1802 (Insecta: Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) in Belarus
Евразиатский энтомол. журнал 17(3): 189–190 © EUROASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL doi: 10.15298/euroasentj.17.3.08 JOURNAL, 2018 A first record of Stylops melittae Kirby, 1802 (Insecta: Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) in Belarus Ïåðâàÿ íàõîäêà Stylops melittae Kirby, 1802 (Insecta: Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) â Áåëàðóñè A.M. Ostrovsky À.Ì. Îñòðîâñêèé Gomel State Medical University, Lange Str. 5, Gomel 246000 Belarus. E-mail: [email protected]. Гомельский государственный медицинский университет, ул. Ланге 5, Гомель 246000 Беларусь. Key words: Stylops melittae, fauna, Belarus. Ключевые слова: Stylops melittae, фаунистика, Беларусь. Abstract. Stylops melittae Kirby, 1802 (Strepsiptera: Sty- Stylopidae Kirby, 1913 are cosmopolitan [Kathirithamby, lopidae) is firstly recorded in Gomel Region of Belarus near 1989]. Uza village as a parasite of bee Andrena (Taeniandrena) ovatula (Kirby, 1802) in spring 2016. Brief information on distribution and ecology of the species is given. Results Strepsiptera Резюме. Веерокрылое Stylops melittae Kirby, 1802, Stylopidae Kirby, 1913 вид из семейства Stylopidae, найденный в Гомельской Stylops melittae Kirby, 1802 области в окрестностях деревни Уза на Andrena Fig. 1. (Taeniandrena) ovatula (Kirby, 1802) весной 2016 года, впервые отмечен для фауны Беларуси. Приведены дан- Material. Republic of Belarus, Gomel Area, near Uza ные по распространению и экологии вида. village, 14.05.2016, A.M. Ostrovsky leg. et det. — 1# of Andrena (Taeniandrena) ovatula (Kirby, 1802) stylopized by female of S. melittae. Introduction Distribution. Widely distributed in Europe and ex- tending to the Near East and North Africa, currently Members of the order Strepsiptera display highly known from Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, peculiar morphology and lifestyles. They are small to Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Re- medium sized insects (1.0–7.5 mm long) exhibiting ex- public, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French main- treme sexual dimorphism [Kinzelbach, 1971; Kathirith- land, Germany, Great Britain, Greek mainland, Hungary, amby, 1989].