H7412 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE November 15, 2010 SEC. 6. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS. Office to accept electronic signatures section 5(b) of the bill, as amended. (a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 101 is amended— when users file documents. It also That provision makes clear that regu- (1) by moving the definition of ‘‘Copyright eliminates the requirement that the lations issued by the copyright royalty Royalty Judges’’ to follow the definition of Copyright Office keep a hard copy of a judges are to be approved by the Li- ‘‘Copyright owner’’; (2) by moving the definition of ‘‘motion directory they already make available brarian of Congress and subject to re- picture exhibition facility’’ to follow the def- to the public online. This hard copy view of Federal courts. inition of ‘‘Literary works’’; and has taken over several shelves in their This bill also contains one amend- (3) by moving the definition of ‘‘food serv- office but is seldom consulted by the ment to trademark as opposed to copy- ice or drinking establishment’’ to follow the public. right law. That amendment, which is definition of ‘‘fixed’’; The measure before us also clarifies contained in section 6(h), amends a (b) LICENSES FOR WEBCASTING.—Section some ambiguities in the copyright study requirement that was included in 114(f)(2)(B) is amended in the fourth sen- code. For example, in 1997, Congress Public Law 111–146, the Trademark tence, in the matter preceding clause (i), by amended the copyright code to clarify Technical Amendments Act, earlier striking ‘‘Judges shall base its decision’’ and that copyright owners do not forfeit inserting ‘‘Judges shall base their decision’’. this year. (c) SATELLITE CARRIERS.—Section their rights in a work if they distrib- In closing, the purpose of S. 3689, the 119(g)(4)(B)(vi) is amended by striking ‘‘the uted it prior to 1978 without a copy- Copyright Cleanup, Clarification, and examinations’’ and inserting ‘‘an examina- right notice. However, while Congress Corrections Act of 2010, is to make tion’’. made this fix for musical works distrib- modest but needed changes to the (d) REMEDIES FOR INFRINGEMENT.—Section uted by phonograph, it neglected to Copyright Act. I urge my colleagues to 503(a)(1)(B) is amended by striking ‘‘copies of specifically identify dramatic and lit- suspend the rules and pass the bill with phonorecords’’ and inserting ‘‘copies or erary works that were also distributed phonorecords’’. the amendments contained herein. by phonograph. We make that correc- I yield back the balance of my time. (e) RETENTION OF COPIES IN COPYRIGHT OF- tion in this bill before us. Finally, it FICE.—Section 704(e) is amended, in the sec- Mr. CONYERS. I yield back the bal- ond sentence, by striking ‘‘section 708(a)(10)’’ corrects in this measure a number of ance of my time. and inserting ‘‘section 708(a)’’. technical errors, just dotting the I’s The SPEAKER pro tempore. The (f) CORRECTION OF INTERNAL REFERENCES.— and crossing the T’s. I support the leg- question is on the motion offered by (1) Section 114(b) is amended by striking islation. I commend the committee the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. ‘‘118(g)’’ and inserting ‘‘118(f)’’. that worked on it. CONYERS) that the House suspend the (2) Section 504(c)(2) is amended by striking I reserve the balance of my time. rules and pass the bill, S. 3689, as ‘‘subsection (g) of section 118’’ and inserting Mr. POE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I amended. ‘‘section 118(f)’’. yield myself such time as I may con- The question was taken. (3) Sections 1203(c)(5)(B)(i) and 1204(b) are sume. The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the each amended by striking ‘‘118(g)’’ and in- The copyright bill before us today is serting ‘‘118(f)’’. opinion of the Chair, two-thirds being an important housekeeping measure (g) PRO-IP ACT.—Section 209(a)(3)(A) of that contains largely technical and in the affirmative, the ayes have it. Public Law 110–403 is amended by striking Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, on that ‘‘by striking ‘and 509’ ’’ and inserting ‘‘by clarifying amendments to title 17 of the United States Code. For the few I demand the yeas and nays. striking ‘and section 509’ ’’. The yeas and nays were ordered. (h) TRADEMARK TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS changes that are more substantive in The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- ACT.—Section 4(a)(1) of Public Law 111–146 is nature, they are noncontroversial and amended by striking ‘‘by corporations at- are recognized as improvements to a ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the tempting’’ and inserting ‘‘the purpose of code that is all too often perceived as Chair’s prior announcement, further which is’’. complex. proceedings on this motion will be (i) TRAFFICKING.—Section 2318(e)(6) of title S. 3689, the Copyright Cleanup, Clari- postponed. 18, United States Code, is amended by strik- fication, and Corrections Act of 2010, f ing ‘‘under section’’ and inserting ‘‘under this subsection’’. was originally introduced and passed RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVER- Amend the title so as to read: ‘‘An Act to by the other body on the 2nd day of Au- SARY OF SCHOOL DESEGREGA- clarify, improve, and correct the laws relat- gust. Since that time, the House Com- TION BY RUBY BRIDGES ing to copyrights, and for other purposes.’’. mittee on the Judiciary has worked in Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I move The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- a bipartisan manner to consider the measure and to incorporate modest im- to suspend the rules and agree to the ant to the rule, the gentleman from resolution (H. Res. 1713) recognizing Michigan (Mr. CONYERS) and the gen- provements to the bill. While I expect the majority to detail the 50th anniversary of Ruby Bridges tleman from Texas (Mr. POE) each will desegregating a previously all-White control 20 minutes. most of the bill’s provisions, I do want to note some significant provisions, in- public elementary school. The Chair recognizes the gentleman The Clerk read the title of the resolu- from Michigan. cluding an important change from the measure that passed the other body in tion. GENERAL LEAVE August. That change is in the deletion The text of the resolution is as fol- Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask of language contained in section 4(a) lows: unanimous consent that all Members that would amend the Copyright Act to H. RES. 1713 have 5 legislative days to revise and ex- permit the owner of an exclusive right Whereas, on May 17, 1954, the United States tend their remarks and include extra- to sublicense that right or further Supreme Court announced in Brown v. Board neous material to the measure under transfer it if the original copyright of Education (347 U.S. 483) that, ‘‘in the field discussion. of education, the doctrine of separate but owner had not expressly prohibited ‘ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there equal’ has no place’’; these actions in a prior written agree- objection to the request of the gen- Whereas the Brown decision recognized as ment. a matter of law that the segregation of pub- tleman from Michigan? This provision raised a number of There was no objection. lic schools deprived students of the equal concerns among copyright owners who protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Mr. CONYERS. I yield myself as feared that those who had relied on a Amendment to the Constitution of the much time as I may consume. prior judicial decision in the case of United States; Mr. Speaker, this measure, entitled Gardner v. Nike might be disadvan- Whereas in 1960, six years after the land- the Copyright Cleanup, Clarification, taged by such a change. In recognition mark Brown v. Board of Education decision, the promise of access and equality within and Corrections Act, is a common- of these serious concerns, both the sense, proactive response to unintended the realm of education remained unfilled in chairman and ranking member agreed , , and throughout errors and confusion in copyright law. this issue ought not be addressed in This bill updates and improves the way much of the Nation; this measure. Whereas in 1960, the National Association the Copyright Office conducts its busi- b 1530 for the Advancement of Colored People ness by making some changes, mainly (NAACP) contacted Ruby Bridges’ family to streamlining the copyright registry Another substantive improvement solicit her participation in the integration of process by authorizing the Copyright that is worth noting is contained in New Orleans public schools;

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:33 Nov 16, 2010 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A15NO7.032 H15NOPT1 jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with HOUSE November 15, 2010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7413 Whereas six years after the Brown deci- Bridges, who helped desegregate a pre- during the freedom rides, segregated sion, on November 14, 1960, Ruby Bridges, at viously all-white public elementary restaurants and waiting areas in inter- the age of six, was the first African-Amer- school. This is the 50th anniversary, state bus terminals were successfully ican child to integrate the previously all- yesterday, actually, of the integration challenged. White William Frantz Elementary School; Whereas Ruby Bridges courageously took of the William Frantz public school lo- And so this all culminated into what? the first step into a desegregated future cated in New Orleans, Louisiana. Well, the and made possible by the Supreme Court’s his- I had the pleasure of meeting Ruby the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the toric ruling in the Brown decision; Bridges once, and she’s a very impres- Fair Housing Act of 1968. Whereas Ruby Bridges was the only stu- sive lady. On November 14, 1960, she be- And so Ruby Bridges continues her dent in her class for an entire year, taught came the first African American stu- struggle today. She’s working to en- by the only remaining teacher, Mrs. Barbara dent to attend the school, and one of sure that the school she integrated is Henry, after the other teachers and students the first African American students to an institution that affords children of withdrew from the school in a gesture of dis- approval of desegregation; integrate an elementary school in the all races a quality education. Whereas Ruby Bridges was a pioneer in the South. And the struggle of con- movement for an integrated public education My commendation goes to our col- tinues today as now, at the Federal system that afforded equal educational op- league, the great civil rights leader, level. He helps create and implement portunities to all, regardless of race; JOHN LEWIS of Georgia, for offering this the laws that started not so many Whereas in the face of verbal abuse and un- resolution that commemorates this years ago when this 6-year-old began veiled bigotry, Ruby Bridges exhibited the significant occasion. her quest for a fair and just and equal courage and equanimity of a person many In recognizing this civil rights and society, not only in the realm of edu- times her age; education milestone, I want to point Whereas ’s The Problem cation, but in all America to make it a We All Live With offers a depiction of Ruby out that the success of the civil rights real democracy. Bridges’ uncanny resolve and singularity of movement itself was due in large part Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of purpose in the face of adversity as she at- to the resolve of young people, men and my time. tended her first day of school; women of all races and backgrounds, Mr. POE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I Whereas Ruby Bridges’ story is symbolic of who were courageous enough to take a yield myself as much time as I may the victorious dismantling of school segrega- stand against racial injustice in Amer- consume. tion, as well as the full and equal participa- ica. I want to thank Representative JOHN tion in United States society to which all The famous artist, Norman Rockwell, LEWIS, the gentleman from Georgia, for citizens are entitled; caught this in a famous painting of Whereas the significance of Ruby Bridges’ authoring this legislation and for his actions have been acknowledged with numer- this little 6-year-old girl escorted into long, long work, many years in the ous awards and recognitions, including the the school by United States marshals, , along with the Presidential Citizens Medal awarded by a girl only seeking a decent and equi- chairman, for bringing this legislation President William Jefferson Clinton in 2001; table education. Little did she probably to the House floor and his work in the and know that she would be making his- civil rights movement. Whereas Ruby Bridges was among the first tory. But she wanted to go to school. This resolution recognizes and hon- in a line of civil rights pioneers that paved She wanted to learn. And she had no ors the 50th anniversary of Ruby the way for the eventual desegregation of all idea that there were people and forces public schools in the United States: Now, Bridges. Now, unlike the chairman, I therefore, be it that would stand in her way and do ev- think 50 years was a long time ago, but Resolved, That the House of Representa- erything in their power to make sure maybe it wasn’t. But it was 50 years tives— that her simple personal objective any way you look at it since Ruby (1) recognizes the 50th anniversary of Ruby would not be accomplished. Bridges played a role in desegregating Bridges desegregating a previously all-White And so the incredible thing that is a previously all-white public elemen- public elementary school; the reaction against this attempt of a tary school in the South. (2) encourages people in the United States first grader was so complete that she 1540 to recognize the historical importance of the was the only member in her class that b desegregation of elementary schools and I was in elementary school at the Ruby Bridges, who not only secured integra- semester. And by the time she got to tion for William Frantz Elementary School, the sixth grade, this elementary school same time she was, but not the same but hundreds of thousands of schools across was finally integrated. school having been in Texas and going the Nation; and Now, this realized the promise of the to school there. (3) commits itself, in the wake of recent 1954 case that we’re all familiar with, In 1954, this all started when the challenges, to continuing the legacy of Brown v. The Board of Education, and United States Supreme Court made Brown v. Board of Education by protecting the realm of edu- possible desegregation of American and advancing equal educational opportunity cation. And it’s worth observing, and schools in Brown v. Board of Edu- for all. to have our history brought back to us cation. Six years later, Ruby Bridges, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- by this great colleague of Dr. Martin an African American child, a first grad- ant to the rule, the gentleman from Luther King, JOHN LEWIS, whose heroic er, would help further the goal of the Michigan (Mr. CONYERS) and the gen- courage as a young man himself is yet Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of tleman from Texas (Mr. POE) each will another chapter in this remarkable his- Education. control 20 minutes. tory of America turning around a long Sometimes we have to leave it up to The Chair recognizes the gentleman history of segregated practices in the kids to get things done. In this from Michigan. America. case, it was a first grader, a 6-year-old GENERAL LEAVE The success of the Montgomery bus in elementary school who just wanted Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask boycott, led by my dear friend, Rosa to go to school, and she was deter- unanimous consent that all Members Parks, and the late Dr. Martin Luther mined to get an education. have 5 legislative days to revise and ex- King, Jr. was the foundation upon In 1960, she had started to attend Wil- tend their remarks and include extra- which Ruby Bridges could begin school liam Frantz Elementary School. It was neous material on the resolution now at William Frantz Elementary. And her an all-white school in New Orleans, under consideration. actions on November 14, 1960, served as Louisiana, in the New Orleans school The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the foundation for even further system. She endured hateful crowds objection to the request of the gen- achievements yet to come. and threats to her physical safety. tleman from Michigan? And so following her first day of the White parents initially pulled their There was no objection. first grade, the 1960 sit-in movement kids out of the school, and only one Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I yield and the civil rights activity that fol- teacher taught Bridges for more than a myself as much time as I may con- lowed called attention to segregated year. sume. lunch counters and public facilities, Robert Coles, a child psychiatrist This resolution is to recognize and not only in the South, but throughout who provided counseling to this young honor the 50th anniversary of Ruby the country. And so later that year, girl, later wrote a book, a children’s

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:33 Nov 16, 2010 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A15NO7.033 H15NOPT1 jbell on DSKDVH8Z91PROD with HOUSE H7414 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE November 15, 2010 book called ‘‘The Story of Ruby and importance of desegregating of important part of American history, Bridges,’’ to educate other children schools. I ask all of my colleagues to not just through our colleagues but about this child’s role in desegregating support this resolution and recommit through our countrymen. I share the not just one school but really, in es- ourselves to equality in education for spirit of the remarks of my friend on sence, all the schools in the United all Americans. the Judiciary Committee, Judge POE. States both in the South and the Mr. POE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I Ms. JACKSON LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, North. yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from I rise today in strong support of H. Res. 1713, The courage demonstrated by Bridges Louisiana (Mr. CAO), who not only is ‘‘Recognizing and Honoring the 50th Anniver- and her parents continues to serve as from Louisiana, he is from New Orle- sary of Ruby Bridges Desegregation of a Pre- an inspiration for children and adults. ans, Louisiana. viously All-White Elementary School.’’ Let me Mr. CAO. Mr. Speaker, today I rise in After 50 years, her example still en- begin by thanking my colleague, Representa- support of this important resolution. I courages us to uphold the principles of tive JOHN LEWIS, for introducing this legislation also congratulate my friend and col- equality and respect in our own lives into the House of Representatives as it is im- league, Mr. LEWIS, for his leadership in and in our own culture. I urge my col- portant that we recognize the great strides of bringing this to the floor today. I have leagues to join me in supporting this the minority citizens of this country. resolution. the greatest pleasure of standing by Mr. LEWIS, and I value his friendship In so doing, we remind America that she I reserve the balance of my time. must never serve on her citizens the atrocities Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I would greatly. that occurred to the African-American under like to remind Judge POE that if he had In 1956, at a time when race relations her watchful legal eye. This legislation cele- been around during the Hayes-Tilden were stressed in the South, the Orleans brates the life of Ruby Bridges, born in Mis- episode, 50 years wouldn’t seem so long Parish School Board was ordered to de- sissippi during a very turbulent era. It acknowl- to him, either. velop a plan to desegregate its schools. edges a citizen’s courageousness in holding I now turn to JOHN LEWIS and yield After a 4-year delay, a plan designed by America to the language of her landmark rul- him such time as he may consume. the United States Eastern District ing—Brown v. Board of Education. Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, Court of Louisiana was ordered to be I want to thank my friend, the chair- carried out. Ruby Bridges acknowledges that growing up It was at that moment that a young man, Mr. CONYERS, for bringing this for her presented a very hard life. Having resolution to the floor, and I want to girl by the name of Ruby Bridges be- heard there were better opportunities in the came one of the first black children to thank Mr. POE for his support for this city, Bridges moved along with her family, to resolution. The two gentlemen are attend an integrated school. New Orleans. While in New Orleans, the pub- Upon her arrival, every white parent right. lic schools were finally forced, under federal came to remove their child from the el- Fifty years ago today, a brave Afri- court order, to desegregate. ementary school Ms. Bridges was at- can American, a 6-year-old girl, young In the spring of 1960, Bridges took a test, tending. All but one white teacher re- Ruby Bridges, walked bravely to the along with other black kindergarteners in the fused to teach, and it was that teacher doors of the previously all-white Wil- city, to see if she would go to an integrated who instructed Ruby in a room by her- liam Frantz Elementary School in New school come September. That summer she self for a full year. and her parents learned she passed the test Orleans, Louisiana. This experience did not deter Ruby It was not your typical first day of and had been selected to start first grade at who not only completed her education, school. This little girl walked to her William Frantz Public School. but went on to found the Ruby Bridges new school with her mother and armed On the morning of November 14 federal Foundation, which has a clear and pro- Federal agents. She was not met with marshals drove her and her mother the five found message: To promote the value the smiles of schoolyard friends. She blocks to William Frantz. of tolerance, respect, and appreciation was met with screaming, angry mobs of of all differences. We applaud Ruby Bridges for her stalwart people who did not want her to be I was honored to meet Ms. Bridges in tenacity and her courage, at such a young there. In protest, parents withdrew my New Orleans office last October. age, to be an advocate for change in America. every other student from her class. The She is truly an extraordinary woman Mr. CONYERS. I yield back the bal- only remaining teacher, Mrs. Barbara who has dedicated her life to service. ance of my time. Henry, attended school each and every At a time when my district is still The SPEAKER pro tempore. The day to teach young Ruby. fighting to rebuild its schools and pro- question is on the motion offered by Ruby Bridges was born the year that vide for a stable and safe environment the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. the United States Supreme Court hand- for our children, I am thankful to have CONYERS) that the House suspend the ed down the historic Brown v. Board of her as an inspiration for all in rebuild- rules and agree to the resolution, H. Education decision. They struck down ing our communities today, tomorrow, Res. 1713. the doctrine of ‘‘separate but equal’’ and beyond. The question was taken. schools. Yet, 6 years after that historic I am proud to note that as we reflect decision, Louisiana and much of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the on a turning point in our Nation’s his- opinion of the Chair, two-thirds being South had yet to make Brown’s prom- tory, it was the bravery of one New ise of equality a reality. It took cour- in the affirmative, the ayes have it. Orleanean who helped make it happen. Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, on that age, nothing but the raw courage of a Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to I demand the yeas and nays. little girl, to integrate the schools in support this resolution honoring the Louisiana. In the face of verbal abuse, 50th anniversary of Ruby Bridges. The yeas and nays were ordered. threats, and unveiled hatred, Ruby Mr. CONYERS. I reserve the balance The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Bridges learned to drown out the of my time. ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the shouts with her prayers. Mr. POE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I Chair’s prior announcement, further Little did she know on that first day want to thank the chairman for bring- proceedings on this motion will be of school 50 years ago that her image, ing not just this legislation, but all the postponed. immortalized in the painting of Nor- legislation that has been brought up man Rockwell, would symbolize the today to the House floor, and to em- f end of segregation in schools. phasize the point that he made: Good Her story is the story of our Nation. legislation, most important legisla- RECESS She paved the way for integrated pub- tion, is bipartisan legislation. What lic schools all across the United States. most Americans don’t realize, most The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Today, Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my legislation is bipartisan that is passed ant to clause 12(a) of rule I, the Chair colleagues to pause and recognize the through this House, and it will con- declares the House in recess until ap- 50th anniversary of Ruby Bridges’ cou- tinue to be so. proximately 6 p.m. today. rageous walk to school. I encourage all I yield back the balance of my time. Accordingly (at 3 o’clock and 50 min- of my colleagues and all Americans to Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I am so utes p.m.), the House stood in recess reflect on the historic Brown decision glad that we were able to reveal this until approximately 6 p.m.

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