Massenspektrometrische Identifizierung Von Membranproteinen Aus Humanen Spermatozoen

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Massenspektrometrische Identifizierung Von Membranproteinen Aus Humanen Spermatozoen Dissertation Zur Erlangung des Grades des Doktors der Naturwissenschaften der Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum Massenspektrometrische Identifizierung von Membranproteinen aus humanen Spermatozoen Vorgelegt von Biochemikerin (MSc.) Kathrin Bartho Bochum 2010 Erklärung Die vorliegende Dissertation wurde an der Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie am Lehrstuhl für Analytische Chemie in der Arbeitsgruppe Biomolekulare Massenspektrometrie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum in der Zeit vom 01. Dezember 2006 bis 31. Dezember 2009 unter Anleitung von Herrn Dr. Dirk Wolters ausgeführt. Ehrenwörtliche Versicherung Ich erkläre an Eides statt, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig und ohne fremde Hilfe verfasst, andere als die angegebenen Quellen nicht verwendet und die den benutzten Quellen wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht habe. Bochum, den 15.06.2010 Kathrin Bartho Dissertation eingereicht am 15.06.2010 1. Gutachter: Herr Dr. Dirk Wolters 2. Gutachter: Frau Prof. Dr. Katrin Marcus ...geboren um zu leben, für den einen Augenblick, bei dem jeder von uns spürte, wie wertvoll Leben ist... (Unheilig – Geboren um zu Leben) Für meine Eltern Inhaltsverzeichnis ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ............................................................................................................................... 8 TABELLENVERZEICHNIS .................................................................................................................................... 9 1. EINLEITUNG ...................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 HUMANE OLFAKTORISCHE REZEPTOREN .......................................................................................................... 10 1.2 MORPHOLOGIE UND FUNKTION HUMANER SPERMATOZOEN ............................................................................... 11 1.3 CHARAKTERISIERUNG BIOLOGISCHER MEMBRANEN ........................................................................................... 13 1.3.1 Morphologie und Funktion biologischer Membranen ................................................................. 13 1.3.2 Klassifizierung von Membranproteinen ....................................................................................... 13 1.3.2.1 Integrale Membranproteine ............................................................................................ 13 1.3.2.2 Membran-assoziierende und periphere Proteine ............................................................. 14 1.4 STRATEGIEN ZUR ANREICHERUNG VON MEMBRANPROTEINEN ............................................................................ 15 1.4.1 Affinitätchromatographie ............................................................................................................ 15 1.4.1.1 Lektinaffinität ................................................................................................................. 15 1.4.1.2 PBA-vermittelte Affinität ................................................................................................. 17 1.4.2 Affinitätsverteilung im wässerigen System ................................................................................. 17 1.5 MULTIDIMENSIONALE PROTEINIDENTIFIKATIONSTECHNOLOGIE (MUDPIT) ........................................................... 19 1.6 MASSENSPEKTROMETRISCHE ANALYSE ............................................................................................................ 20 1.6.1 Fragmentionen-Analyse mit linearen Ionenfallen ....................................................................... 20 1.6.2 Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) ........................................................................................... 21 2. ZIELSTELLUNG ................................................................................................................................... 22 3. MATERIAL UND METHODEN ............................................................................................................. 23 3.1 MATERIAL .................................................................................................................................................. 23 3.1.1 Chemikalien .................................................................................................................................. 23 3.1.2 Biologisches Material, Enzyme, Kit-Systeme, Gebrauchsmaterial .............................................. 24 3.1.3 Chromatographie Material .......................................................................................................... 25 3.1.4 Geräte ........................................................................................................................................... 25 3.2 METHODEN ................................................................................................................................................ 26 3.2.1 Aufarbeitung und Separation humaner Spermatozoen .............................................................. 27 3.2.1.1 Spermatozoenseparation von seminalem Plasma ............................................................ 27 3.2.1.2 Lipoproteinlipase-/Phospholipase C-Verdau .................................................................... 27 3.2.1.3 Aufbrechen der Plasmamembran .................................................................................... 28 3.2.2 BCA-Assay zur Bestimmung der Proteinkonzentration ............................................................... 29 3.2.3 Anreicherung von Plasmamembranproteinen aus humanen Spermien ..................................... 29 3.2.3.1 Affinitätsverteilung im wässerigen System ohne Lektinaffinität ....................................... 30 3.2.3.2 Affinitätsverteilung im wässerigen System mit Lektinaffinität .......................................... 31 3.2.3.3 Multilektin-Affinitätschromatographie (MLAC) ................................................................ 33 3.2.3.4 PBA-vermittelte Affinitätschromatographie ..................................................................... 35 3.2.4 SDS-Polyacrylamid-Gelelektrophorese ........................................................................................ 37 3.2.5 Visualisierung der Proteine im SDS-Gel mit Silberionen .............................................................. 38 3.2.6 Protein-Präzipitation nach der Affinitätschromatographie ........................................................ 39 3.2.6.1 Ethanol -Präzipitation ...................................................................................................... 39 3.2.6.2 TCA-Präzipitation ............................................................................................................ 39 3.2.7 Abreicherung von löslichen und Membran-assoziierenden Proteinen ....................................... 40 3.2.8 Proteolytischer Flüssigverdau und Peptidextraktion................................................................... 40 3.2.9 Flüssigchromatographie ............................................................................................................... 42 3.2.9.1 Herstellung von HPLC-Säulen .......................................................................................... 42 3.2.9.2 HPLC-Gradienten ............................................................................................................ 43 3.2.10 Massenspektrometrische Analyse ................................................................................................ 48 3.2.10.1 CID-Experimente ............................................................................................................. 48 3.2.10.2 SRM-Experimente ........................................................................................................... 48 3.2.11 Datenauswertung ......................................................................................................................... 49 4. ERGEBNISSE ...................................................................................................................................... 51 4.1 ANREICHERUNG INTEGRALER PLASMAMEMBRANPROTEINE AUS HUMANEN SPERMATOZOEN .................................... 51 4.1.1 Anreicherung integraler Plasmamembranproteine im wässerigen biphasischen System ......... 54 4.1.2 Anreicherung von integralen Plasmamembranproteinen mittels Affinitätschromatographie . 56 4.1.2.1 Kontrolle von Bindekapazität und Elutionsbedingungen mit SDS-PAGE ............................ 56 4.1.2.2 Anreicherung von integralen Plasmamembranproteinen mit Lektinen und m-Amino- Phenylboronsäure .......................................................................................................... 59 4.2 FUNKTIONELLE CHARAKTERISIERUNG ANGEREICHERTER PLASMAMEMBRANPROTEINE.............................................. 62 4.3 MASSENSPEKTROMETRISCHE IDENTIFIZIERUNG OLFAKTORISCHER REZEPTOREN IN DER PLASMAMEMBRAN HUMANER SPERMATOZOEN .......................................................................................................................... 64 4.3.1 Analyse niedrig abundanter Membranproteine mit linearen Ionenfallen ................................. 64 4.3.2 Semi-quantitative Analyse von Membranproteinen mit Triple-Quadrupolen............................ 65 4.3.3 Identifizierung intra- und inter-individueller Unterschiede im Expressionsmuster olfaktorischer Rezeptoren ...........................................................................................................
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