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110112Aef Geschichte Geschichte des Fachverbands Extraterrestrische Physik und der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Extraterrestrische Forschung Geschichte des Fachverbands Extraterrestrische Physik und der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Extraterrestrische Forschung Herausgeber: Jorg¨ Buchner¨ Redaktion: Klaus und Renate Scherer Januar, 2009 Prof. Dr. Jorg¨ Bchner Leiters des FV Extraterrestrische Physik der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft http://www.dpg-physik.de/dpg/organisation/fachlich/ep.html Vorsitzender des Vorstands der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Extraterrestrische Forschung e.V. http://www.aef-ev.de/ Max–Planck-Str. 2, 37191 Katlenburg–Lindau, Germany Dr. Klaus Scherer Geschaftsfhrer der der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Extraterrestrische Forschung e.V. Max–Planck-Str. 2, 37191 Katlenburg–Lindau, Germany Renate Scherer dat-hex, Obere Straße 11, 37191 Katlenburg–Lindau, Germany ISBN This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re– use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and a copyright fee must always be paid. Violations fall under the prosecution act of the German Copyright Law. c Copernicus Gesellschaft e.V., Katlenburg–Lindau, Germany 2009 Printed by Schaltungsdienst Lange oHG The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free of general use. Inhalt 1 Vorwort 1 2 Chronologie Deutsche Raumfahrtorganisationen 3 3 Berichte der Vorsitzenden 11 Reimar Lust¨ (1966 - 1971) . 11 Klaus Pinkau (1971 - 1972) . 13 Joachim E. Trumper¨ (1973 - 1979) . 15 Hans-Jorg¨ Fahr (1980 - 1983) . 17 Erhard Keppler (1984 - 1987) . 19 Manfred Scholer (1987 - 1991) . 20 Reinhard Schlickeiser (1993 - 1996) . 22 Eckart Marsch (1997 - 2000) . 24 Grundung¨ der AEF e.V. 26 Gießen, 1999 (AEF allein) . 27 Bremen, 2000 . 28 Wolfgang Baumjohann (2000 - 2002) . 30 Hamburg, 2001 . 30 Horst Fichtner (2003 - 2007) . 32 Jena, 2003 . 34 Kiel, 2004 . 34 Berlin, 2005 . 36 Heidelberg, 2006 . 37 Regensburg, 2007 . 38 Jorg¨ Buchner¨ (2007 - 2011) . 39 Freiburg, 2008 . 39 Greifswald, 2009 . 40 4 Berichte von Zeitzeugen 43 Karl Rawer: COSPAR . 43 Karl Rawer: Weltraum-Forschung: Zaghafter Deutscher Start . 50 Erhard Keppler: Beginn der Weltraumforschung in Deutschland . 56 Raumfahrt in Deutschland nach 1945. 56 Erhard Keppler: Das erste deutsche Satellitenprojekt AZUR . 58 v vi INHALT 5 Tagungen 63 Tagungen im Uberblick¨ . 63 1966, 17.-22. Oktober in Munchen¨ . 64 1967, 2.-7. Oktober in Berlin . 64 1968, 5.-6. April in Stuttgart . 65 1969, 24.-28. Marz¨ in Berlin . 65 1970, 8.-10. April in Braunschweig . 65 1971, 16.-19. Marz¨ in Heidelberg . 66 1972, 15.-17. Marz¨ in Bonn . 66 1972, 3.-6. Oktober in Wiesbaden . 66 1973, 5.-7. Marz¨ in Gottingen¨ . 66 1973, 24. September in Hamburg . 67 1974, 6.-9. Marz¨ in Garching . 67 1975, 3.-7. Marz¨ in Berlin . 67 1976, 8.-10. Marz¨ in Freiburg . 68 1977, 30. Marz-1.¨ April in Braunschweig . 68 1978, 10.-12. April in Munchen¨ . 69 1979, 12.-14. Marz¨ in Bochum . 69 1983, 22.-25 Marz¨ in Konstanz . 70 1984, 19.-23. Marz¨ in Kiel . 71 1986, 7.-11. April in Gottingen¨ . 72 1987, 30. Marz¨ - 4. April in Gottingen¨ . 74 1988, 1.-4. Marz¨ in Dusseldorf¨ . 75 1989, 20.-24. Februar in Stuttgart . 75 1990, 12.-15. Marz¨ in Munchen¨ . 76 1992, 30. Marz¨ - 2. April Berlin . 76 1993, 8.-11. Marz¨ in Greifswald . 77 1995, 18.-23. September in Bonn . 77 1997, 17.-21. Marz¨ in Munchen¨ . 78 1998, 30.Marz¨ - 1. April in Gottingen¨ . 79 1999, 15.-17. Marz¨ in Gießen . 80 2000, 21.-24. Marz¨ in Bremen . 81 2001, 20.-22. Marz¨ in Hamburg . 82 2002, 18.-22. Marz¨ in Leipzig . 82 2003, 23.-28. Februar in Jena . 83 2004, 8.-11. Marz¨ in Kiel . 84 2005, 4.-9. Marz¨ in Berlin . 85 2006, 13.-16. Marz¨ in Heidelberg . 86 2007, 26.-30. Marz¨ in Regensburg . 87 2008, 3.-7. Marz¨ in Freiburg . 88 2009, 30. Marz¨ - 3. April in Greifswald . 89 6 Schulen und Publikationen 91 Schulen . 91 Publikationen . 91 INHALT vii 7 Wissenschaftspolitische Aktivitaten¨ 93 Diskussion bemannte – unbemannte Raumfahrt . 94 Brief an die Bundesministerin fur¨ Bildung und Forschung (1999) . 94 Entschließung der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft zur bemannnten Raumfahrt (1990) . 98 I. Der Einstieg in die Satellitentechnik . 98 II. Der technologische Nutzen der Weltraumtechnik . 98 III. Die Rolle der bemannten Raumfahrt . 99 IV. Die ESA-Programme . 99 V. Die physikalischen Experimente unter Mikrogravitation . 100 VI. Die Realisierbarkeit von wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen in angemessenen Zeitspannen . 100 VII. Der Zwang zur wissenschaftlichen Nutzung der bemannten Raumfahrt . 100 VIII. Der Nutzen der unbemannten Satelliten . 100 IX. Die Ausgewogenheit der finanziellen Aufwendungen . 101 X. Die Verteilung der Kosten . 101 XI. Der Ausstieg aus den ESA-Programmen als gegebenenfalls erforderliche Konsequenz . 101 Zusammenfassung . 102 Kontroverse zur Entschließung der DPG zur bemannten Raumfahrt (1991) . 103 Stellungnahme des Rates der American Physical Society zur bemannten Raumstation . 107 Erklarung¨ der DPG zur bemannten Raumfahrt (1997) . 107 Strategisch Forschen (2009) . 109 Kapitel 1 Vorwort Als mich die 2007 in Regensburg versammelten Mitglieder des Fachverbands Extrater- restrische Physik (FV EP) der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft (DPG) zum Leiter des Fachverbands und zum Vorsitzenden der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Extraterrestrische For- schung (AEF) e.V. wahlten,¨ uberreichte¨ Horst Fichtner gerade Karl Rawer eine Goldme- daille zum 50ten jahrigen¨ Jubilaums¨ des Internationalen Geophysikalischen Jahres IGY (1957–2007). In alter Frische erzahlte¨ der Geehrte in seiner Entgegnung uber¨ die Zeit des Sputnikschocks, nach dem Start des ersten kunstlichen¨ Erdsatelliten. Von da an war es dann ein Stuck¨ Weges, bis in Deutschland wissenschaftliche Weltraumforschung be- trieben werden konnte. Als es soweit war, grundete¨ Reimar Lust¨ 1967 alsbald die Arbeits- gemeinschaft Extraterrestrische Physik (AEP), um den wisssenschaftlichen Austausch in den neu entstehenden Forschungsrichtungen zu fordern.¨ Die extraterrestrisch forschenden Physiker bildeten spater¨ einen Fachverband der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft, mit heute uber¨ 700 Mitgliedern. Fur¨ den uber¨ die Physik hinausgehenden Bereich der Extraterrestrischen Forschungen grundete¨ sich die AEF e.V.. Die Organisationen halten regelmaßig¨ Tagungen ab und eine Reihe weiterer Aktivitaten,¨ es gibt eine eigene wis- senschaftliche Zeitschrift, einen Internet-Auftritt usw. Zu einem wichtigen Ziel wurde die Motivation des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses und der breiten Offentlichkeit¨ mit und zur extraterrestrischen Forschung. Die meisten auf diesem Gebiet in Deutschland Agierenden kennen die AEF bzw. den FV EP und sind bei ihren Veranstaltungen aufge- treten. Es steht jedoch immer wieder die Frage, ob die Tatigkeit¨ der AEF und des FV EP der DPG zeitgemaߨ ist. Eine Frage, die auch ich mir als frischgebackener neuer Vorsitzen- der stellte. Und so ließ ich mich vom Enthusiasmus Karl Rawers inspirieren, auch aus der Vergangenheit zu lernen. Bei nachster¨ Gelegenheit schlug ich dem Vorstand der AEF und der DPG vor, die Wandlungen der extraterrestrischen Forschung in den letzten 40 Jahren an Hand der Entwicklung ihrer Organisationen nachzuvollziehen. Wichtige Grundlagen sollten das Gedachtniss¨ der Handelnden und Archivmaterialien bilden. Der Vorschlag wurde vom Hauptgeschaftsf¨ uhrer¨ der DPG, Herrn Nunner, tatkraftig¨ durch Archivzugang unterstutzt.¨ Vom DPG Vorstand gab es dann sogar eine finanzielle Unterstutzung¨ damit die Rechercheergebnisse im Internet und als kleine Broschure¨ veroffentlicht¨ werden konnen.¨ Die nun vorliegende Broschure¨ enthalt¨ Zeugnisse der Geschichte des Fachverbands Extraterrestrische Physik der DPG, beginnend mit der AEP, spater¨ der AEF und dann der AEF e.V. 1 2 KAPITEL 1. VORWORT Der Fachverband extraterrestrische Physik (FV EP) der DPG, die Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur¨ extraterrestrische Physik (AEP) und die fur¨ extraterrestrische Forschung (AEF / AEF e.V.) entwickelten sich im engen Zusammenhang mit der Raumfahrtforschung in Deutsch- land. Um die historischen Zusammenhange¨ einordnen zu konnen¨ erschien es mir daher angebracht, den weiteren hier gesammelten Materialien eine chronologische Liste von Ereignissen beizustellen die die Entwicklung von Raumfahrtorganisationen im Nachkriegs- deutschland skizzieren. Es folgen, beginnend mit Herrn Prof. Lust,¨ Darstellungen der Vorsitzenden zur Entwicklung des FV EP der DPG, der AEF, der AEP. An faktischen Materialien trugen wir zusammen, was wir uber¨ die Jahrestagungen ermitteln konnten, Mitveranstalter, Hauptvortragende und besondere Hohepunkte.¨ Ein weiterer Anhang faßt einige der sonstigen Aktivitaten¨ der Verbande¨ zusammen. Wir erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollstandigkeit,¨ im Gegenteil, wir hoffen auf einen regen Wunsch der Zeitzeugen, ihre Erinnerungen der Nachwelt zu erhalten um aus dem Verstandnis¨ der Geschichte Inspira- tionen fur¨ unsere zukunftigen¨ Aktivitaten¨ gewinnen zu konnen.¨ Daß die vorliegende Broschure¨ entstehen konnte, dafur¨ danke ich nicht nur Herrn Nunner und der DPG, sondern vor allem auch Herrn und Frau Scherer, die
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