Understanding Diversity

Field Museum of Natural History 1989/1990 Biennial Report Introduction, Page 2

Investigating Diversity in Nature, Page 4

Financial report, Page 20

Donors to the Collections, Page 34

Understanding Diversity in Human Cultures, Page 38

Volunteers, Page 44

Trustees, Officers & Committees, Page 48 The diversity of life is extraordinary. There are said

to be a million or so different kinds of living animals, and hundreds of

thousands of kinds of plants.

But we don't need to think of the world at large. It is amazing enough to stop and look at a forest or at a meadow — at the

grass and trees and caterpillars and hawks and deer.

how did all of these different kinds of things come about; what forces governed their evolution; what forces maintain their numbers and determine their survival or extinction; what are their rela- tions to each other and to the physical environment in which they llve?

These are the problems of natural history, problems that concern ourselves as animals and that concern us even more as originators of this thing called civilization — which is, after all, merely a rather special sort of an animal community.

Marston Bates, The Nature of Natural History

Charles Scribner's Sons, 1950. Reprinted by Prince'

Copyright © by Marston Bates, © Renewed by Nancy Bi Introduction

livery large organization lives with a verbal shorthand that compresses

complex ideas or experience into a word or phrase. This seems inevitable, and the

Field Museum is no exception to the rule. What should not be inevitable is that we

fail to explain ourselves when we communicate with our friends.

Among the Museum's most pervasive buzzwords are systematics and

cultural understanding. Between them, they represent a large part of what we are about

as an institution — the kind of research we do and the ethos that governs our

educational work. In this report we've tried to illuminate those concepts. I hope that

through them readers will gain a better understanding or the special role the Museum The plays in basic science, environmental education, and human relations. Objects of Our As I conclude my term as chairman of the Museum's Board of Trustees,

Affection I want to thank my colleagues, the Museum staff and volunteers, the Chicago Park

Pictured in this report are a few dozen of the District, and our public, corporate, and individual donors for helping prepare the nearly 20 million

natural history ground for the Museum's second century. specimens and cultural artifacts in the In this regard, I should call attention to one fact that pops out of the

Field Museum collections, along with financial figures in this report. In 1990, unrestricted contributions by individuals and

a very few of the staff members, volunteers, family foundations increased 33 percent over 1989, and represented 65 percent of contributors, and visitors who make total unrestricted giving, up from 55 percent in previous years. Despite the recession, these inert objects

come alive. total unrestricted giving increased by 1 1 percent, to more than $2 million. These

increases reflect not so much larger individual contributions as a large increase in the

number of contributors. That is a happy development, not least because it creates a

new base from which to build even larger constituencies in the future.

Robert A. Pritzker, Chairman, Board of Trustees 'Systematics' and 'Cultural Understanding' —

Between Them, These Words Represent a Large Part of What

We Are About As an Institution

Opposite: An Egyptian mortuary cloth depicting the goddess Osiris. Above right: a bronze mirror with a handle in the shape of a woman holding a papyrus blossom over her head. Both objects were collected by Edward E. Ayer in 1895 Investigating Diversity in the Neotropics

Fungi, Fishes, Relict Forests, the Advance of the

Angiosperms, the Family Life of the Blackbirds,

and the Rise of Tiwanaku

Inset: Jalcophila peruviana, a new genus and species of the sunflower family, Asteraceae, found by Michael 0. Dillon in the Andes of

northern Peru. (Illustration by Peruvian professor Segundo Leiva Gonzales.)

Background: Azorella compacta, an Andean cushion plant of the carrot family, Umbelliferae. When Field Museum the effect of ocean currents on desert scientists are "in the field," that could vegetation [page 10] and, not far away, mean Borneo or Iowa or Kenya, or any the ecological associations of small of numerous other locations around the mammals in Andean rain world. But chances of bumping into a forests. They have curator are highest in the New World, catalogued the 400 species between latitudes 23.5° north and 23.5° of the coffee family in south: the neotropics. Costa Rica, among other

No doubt there are many floras and faunas, and idiosyncratic reasons why one-third of have been mapping the the Museum's curators — a dozen variation among the

Ph.D.s with as many different research thousands of species of interests — have chosen to work in this tetras in the tropical region. The most important reasons, freshwater streams of however, have to do with institutional Venezuela. On the shores Above: test tubes containing pine roots tradition and commitments (the of Lake Titicaca, they are unearthing the inoculated with

mushroom cultures to Museum's Flora of Peru project, for succession of cultures that led to the rise form the symbiotic relationship known as example, has been the work of and ultimate demise of one of the mycorrhizae. Background: generations of curators since 1921), and earliest empires in the Americas. In the a scanning electron

microscope image of the extreme diversity of tropical Peruvian highlands, they have demon- the spores of Laccaria

tortilus, magnified environments that so excites museum strated the independent evolution of 1,000 times. people. [See page 7.] birds confined to mountain peaks above

Within this relatively small the clouds. area of Central America and northern These and other Field

South America, Field Museum curators Museum research projects are in most have in recent years been able to study outward respects quite traditional.

Curators find, collect, sort, describe,

classify, and preserve the objects of their attention. But armed with computers, being amassed so they can be grown

the techniques of molecular genetics, next to Costa Rican oak seedlings to

analytical tools like "phenetics" and learn which are potentially able to form

"cladistics," and machines like the a specialized symbiosis. Oaks and

scanning electron microscope and the mushrooms form joint underground

superconducting cryogenic magneto- structures called mycorrhizae on which

meter, contemporary museum-based both are dependent, but the known

scientists can often ask more difficult pairings have been worked out for some

questions of their data than their temperate forests, not tropical ones.

predecessors could. And frequently Foresters in Central and South America

nowadays, especially in the tropics, their have been replacing stands of native oaks

data and analyses have high utilitarian with foreign species, a practice that

value for conservation and development. could lead to problems — plantations of

Botanist Gregory M. foreign trees do not support the diversity

Mueller, for example, has as one of his of native insects, birds, and other

research projects a survey of the animals and plants that complex native

mushrooms in the oak forests of Costa forests do. Mueller's research will help

Rica, and he and his colleagues have enable the industry to develop

collected more than 2,500 specimens. reforestation technology that does not

These are being subjected to several upset local ecosystems.

different laboratory tests, including In Ecuador, Peter R. Crane,

Brycon falcatus, a electron microscopy, so they can be chairman of the Department of

South American tetra collected by Barry assigned a genus and species, their Geology, has found remarkably well Chernoff. relationships assessed, and information preserved fossil plants. Similar

on their life histories obtained. Cultures assemblages have been found in Virginia

of some of these mushrooms are also and Portugal and include minuscule

flowers that still contain pollen grains. Under the scanning electron micro- high-latitude spruce and pine forests. Below and background: Scanning scope, these hundred-million-year-old This news, and the analytical methods electron microscope images of fossil pollen

fossils have unlocked many of the employed by Crane and Lidgard, have grains about 100,000.000 vears old.

mysteries in the reproductive biology of attracted wide interest,

basal angiosperms — the primitive including in the oil industry

; flowering plants. Moreover, studying the — much or the worlds oil is "* ' Ski- "V\V- ' V^ -A "J* '

pollen preserved within the flowers found in mid-Cretaceous rock

enables Crane and his Field Museum Funding from the Petroleum L*v ,«

imposing study of the rise of the Systematics

The kind of that Field — flowering plants, which is based on work most Museum scientists do is called systematics a word that is not in the vocabulary even of many well-educated people. Paleobotanist Peter Crane, chairman of the analysis of fossil pollen data from many Museum's Department of Geology, defines systematics as the science of "documenting and understanding the

relationships between organisms. " At level, this collecting, parts of the world. To their own a basic means describing, and sorting the plants and animals of a given place. Cartoon images

of butterfly hunters in pith helmets aside, systematics is the foundation on surprise, they discovered that between which all other study of life on earth is constructed. As a practical matter, such

studies are essential in conservation and environmental planning, and in any 120 million and 80 million vears ago consideration of evolution.

(the mid-Cretaceous period), during the Beyond this, systematists may take a group of related organisms (the New

World blackbirds, for instance, or the tropical fresh-water tetras) and seek to time the present continents and oceans understand it in detail — its subdivisions, geographic distribution, patterns of behavior, ecological relationships, evolutionary history. The greater the were taking shape, the flowering plants diversity in a place or in a group of organisms, the greater the challenge of

understanding its forms and relationships. and their nearest relatives, the Gnetales, At yet another level of investigation, systematists may try to understand the

processes at work in the patterns of relationship they have discerned — the to diversify began rapidly in equatorial biochemistry of evolution, say, or the mathematics of shape and size change. regions and to spread to higher latitudes.

But soon the Gnetales died off, perhaps vanquished by the preadaptive power of the flowering plant, which subsequently came to dominate every terrestrial ecosystem except the high-elevation or 8 further research by Crane and Lidgard characteristics to accommodate

that will expand their database environmental change. In an effort to

geographically over a longer time span better understand the process at work,

and provide new insight into the long- zoologist Barry Chernoff studies two

term interactions of vegetation and groups of fishes — the silversides, whose

climate in the history of our planet. several dozen species inhabit a wide

Bosque Monteseco, in variety of ecosystems throughout the

northwestern Peru, is one of several Americas, and the tetras, whose several

remnants of a vast forest that 30,000 thousand species are confined to tropical

years ago stretched through what are freshwater streams. These tropical

now Ecuador and Colombia as well as waters, however, offer a multitude of

Peru. Field Museum botanist Michael mini-environments through which to

O. Dillon, with American and Peruvian trace the fishes' changing features.

colleagues and students, has been Chernoff is interested in exploring

Above: Icterus surveying the forest as part of the Flora mathematical aspects of evolutionary galbula bullocki, a common North of Peru project. In isolation, many of the change, and in the theoretical question American oriole. The

24 oriole species are plants and animals there have evolved of how much change makes a "species." descendants of one of the oldest lineages into new species that are found nowhere But in the Orinoco Basin of Venezuela, within the family of New World on earth except these 6,000 acres. where deforestation and channelization blackbirds. Background: DNA Because the forest is in the path of are destroying habitat at a rapid pace, sequence of Icterus galbula bullocki was agricultural development, the researchers the most pressing research priority is used to determine the evolutionary have been working with the local schools simply to identify previously relationships of

orioles. to develop science-education programs undescribed species before they are gone.

in hopes that a new generation will Scott M. Lanyon, chairman

come to appreciate and protect natural of the Department of Zoology, is

diversity. another frequent visitor in the

Fish are a lot quicker than neotropics, where he has done

land animals to change their physical collecting, conservation consulting, and

Opposite: Inca plates, ca. 1400 A.D., from the Emilio Montez collection acquired by the Museum in 1893. research in his own specialty, the New Lest we forget, human

World blackbirds — the redwings, beings are also a result of natural history, crackles, meadowlarks, bobolinks, and their group behaviors — cultures — orioles, and other songbirds. Despite the while not genetically determined, have The familiarity as a gtoup, not patterns and processes of change that blackbirds' Biochem museum-based researchers can study by much is known about how the 97 Labs

The Biochemical species are related to one another, and means of systematic collections. Laboratories, a Museum research Lanyon is using the techniques of Thirteen thousand feet up in the Andes, facility, produced its

first DNA sequence molecular biology in an effort to during the reign of Caesar Augustus in data in T990, obtained by using a recent construct the family tree. Lanyon is Rome and for a thousand years after, the technological innovation known as principally interested in studying the city of Tiwanaku ruled an immense the polymerase chain

reaction (PCR). The evolution of mating and nesting empire that was built on the surplus technique permits genetic analysis of behaviors, including plumage and song, provided by a remarkably sophisticated DNA extracted from

small pieces of tissue, which among the blackbirds are both agricultural technology. The system of including dried or alcohol-preserved extremely varied and highly unusual. terraced fields, naturally irrigated and tissues. In a rare

instance, the Lab was season, insulated against the cold Andean Birds typically pair for a males able to sequence DNA from a 20,000- nights, been developed during the and females often look alike, they tend had year-old leaf fossil. Major projects have to be territorial and to have a species- preceding 1 ,000 years by a succession involved analysis of

the evolutionary and specific song. But blackbird species may of village biogeographic relationships among exhibit sexual promiscuity, males and cultures blackbirds (Scott Lanyon) and South

females may be of sharply different size around American fruit bats (Bruce Patterson). and color, they often mimic other birds' Lake

songs, and may tolerate dozens of nests Titicaca. Field

in one tree, among other odd behaviors. Museum

Lanyon hopes to be able to plot these archaeologist

morphological and behavioral Charles Stanish

characteristics against the family tree has begun a ten-year

derived ixom DNA studies, to suggest project to investigate the

how and why one led to another. origins of the agricultural technology 10 and development of political systems in specialized leaf bases that form a tank.

that culminated in the long reign of These tanks provide aquatic environ-

Tiwanaku, and its decline before the ments capable of sustaining other

rise of the Inca about 1450 A.D. With organisms such as small frogs, snails, or

teams of U.S. and Peruvian students, he insects.

has so far uncovered 450 new archae- But Field Museum botanist

ological sites that reveal evidence of six Michael O. Dillon, on a collecting trip

different cultures. There is some hope in the Chilean Atacama Desert, found

that the amazingly productive terraced some bromeliads over three feet tall

agriculture can be reintroduced by the growing on a steep cliff about a

current residents of the area, the thousand feet above sea level. The site

Aymara Indians.*** was inaccessible; Dillon had to use a

rope lasso to bring one down — and was

surprised to receive a small shower when

The Love of the plant was uprooted! It proved to be a

El Nino, and the previously undescribed species that had

Fear of Goats managed to retain a functioning tank in

the desert. All individuals in the area

It hardly ever rains in the contained substantial amounts of water,

coastal deserts of Peru and Chile. Life is some as much as a pint, even though

sustained there by seasonal fogs from there had been no rain for more than a

which plants condense moisture. Even a year. In the desert, that much water

few species of bromeliads endure the makes a tempting target for any

spare environment, like their neighbors, herbivore.

by condensing moisture on their leaves Dillon has concluded that

and roots, while their numerous the plant is most closely related not to

relatives in wetter climates collect water nearby species but to bromeliads of the

genus Tillandsia that grow in tropical

savannas and cloud forests from Colombia to Peru. He estimates that to catalog all the plants in that extremely 11 there are fewer than 200 scattered diverse country. During the 1983 El individuals of the new species, which has Nino, as he drove down the Peruvian managed to survive only by clinging to coast, he was startled to see the desert cliff faces where neither the domes- blooming with unusual plants ticated nor the wild goats that graze in whose seeds, apparently, had

the area can get at it. Dillon named the lain dormant for decades. Such species Tillandsia tragophoba — from insular, opportunistic plant the Greek tragos, goat, and phobos, fear communities would be interesting in

— in an effort, he wrote in a journal of themselves and good subjects for the the New York Botanical Garden, "to call study of evolution. A few months later, Computer attention to the rapid and continuing when Dillon returned to the area to do Services

Computerization of research, that destruction of natural vegetation by further he found ranchers the Museum's research, collections grazing animals," a problem now being in the mountains had driven their cattle management, exhibit, and administrative addressed by the Chilean conservation down to the coast to forage amid the functions has

accelerated in recent authorities. new vegetation, and it was now severely years and is poised for expansion and Foraging livestock had been disturbed or destroyed. upgrading. Currently,

in the scientific a concern of Dillon's since 1983, when Subsequent El Nino events departments, a DEC

VAX 1 1/785 running he was in the Peruvian Desert at the and a freak rainstorm in northern Chile the Unix 5.3 operating

system is connected time of the El Nino phenomenon, a in July 1987 have reinvigorated the to more than 120 personal computers periodic ocean-atmosphere event which desert's vegetation and stimulated and a wide range of peripherals.

is planned that year was perhaps the strongest in research. The result will be an exhaustive Upgrading to add image- processing history; among other climatic effects, it survey and computer analysis of desert applications, to increase connectivity produced the first major rains in the fog-dependent plant communities in within the Museum

and between its desert since 1925. Dillon's principal Peru and Chile that in turn — given the departments, and to permit networking work has been in Peru, where he is periodic return of El Nino — will with other research and educational continuing a Field Museum project — provide baseline data for the study of institutions. begun decades before he was born — global warming.***

Left: Tillandsia tragophoba, a new cliff-dwelling bromeliad of the Chilean Atacama Desert. Above right: the

blossom of 7. tragophoba. (Illustrations by Marlene Werner.) Backgroun tesecoensis, a new

species of the sunflower family, Asteraceae, found by Dillon in the Pei The Spirit of Giving:

Friends and Supporters of the

Field Museum of Natural History

eyenne moccasins decorated with glass beads, collected in the Black Hills of South Dakota about 1900. Background: A

Chippewa apron with a pouch, also beaded, donated to the Museum by Mr. and Mrs. Roger Coombs about 1915. Mrs. Helen D. Bronson Mr. & Mrs. Robert O. Delaney 13 The Founders' Mr. & Mrs. Cameron Brown Mrs. Charles S. DeLong* (Cameron Brown Foundation) Mr. Donald DePorter Council J. Mr." & Mrs." Henry A. Brown Mr. & Mrs. James R. DeStefano Ms. Jennifer Martin Brown Mr." & Mrs. Albert B.Dick III Individual Members (The Martin Foundation, Inc.) (The Dick Family Foundation) Mrs. Murray C. Brown Mr. & Mrs. Edison Dick Mr. & Mrs. Roger O. Brown (EJD Foundation)

Anonymous Mr. Fred J. Brunner Mrs. Clinton O. Dicken Mr. & Mrs. Lowell E. Ackmann (FredJ. Brunner Foundation) Mr.* & Mrs. William R. Eighty-Six (Ackmann Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Brunner Dickinson, Jr. New Members Mr. & Mrs. Stanley N. Allan Mr.* & Mrs. DeWitt W. Mr. & Mrs. Wesley M. Dixon, Jr.

Mrs. Margaret B. Allyn Buchanan, Jr. (Sudix Foundation) Eighty-six new members (TheAllyn Foundation, Inc.) (Buchanan Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Gaylord Donnelley joined the Founders' Council in Mr.* & Mrs. James W. Alsdorf Mrs. Donald P. Buchanan* (Gaylord Donnelley 1983 Gift 1989-90, bringing the total to (AlsdorfFoundation) Mr. & Mrs. Albert C. Buehler, Jr. Trust) Mr. & Mrs. A. Watson Armour [II (A CP Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. James R. Donnelley 340. The Council's Award of Mrs. Lester .Armour Mr. & Mrs. Dean L. Buntrock (The Nina H. andJames R. Merit, recognizing significant (Dean and Rosemary Buntrock Donnelley Foundation) Mrs. P. Kelley Armour contributions to the study of Mr. & Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Foundation) Mr. 8c Mrs. Thomas E. Donnellev II natural history, was presented Mr. Vernon .Armour Mr. & Mrs. James E. Burd (Thomas E. Donnelley II to Harvard University biologist Mr. Robert Asher Mr. 8c Mrs. Donald J. Cameron Foundation) Mr.* & Mrs. Edwin N. Asmann Mr. & Mrs. Peter Roy Carney Mrs. George H. Dovenmuehle Edward O. Wilson. Previous (O. Paul Decker Memorial (Peter R. and Marina G. Mr. &C Mrs. Robert C. Edwards recipients include Sir David Foundation) Carney Foundation) (Woodruffand Edwards Attenborough, the Mr. Mrs. George R. Baker Dr. Mrs. Robert Wells Carton Foundation! &C & documentary film maker, Mr. & Mrs. Judson C. Ball Mr. & Mrs. Hammond E. Mr. Huntington Eldridge, Jr. Roger Tory Peterson, the Mr. & Mrs. James H. Bankard Chaffetz (Buchanan Family Foundation) wildlife artist, and Stephen Jay George Barr* (Chaffetz Family Foundation) Mrs. R. Winfield Ellis Miss Kristina Barr Mrs. Jerry G. Chambers Mrs. Marjorie H. Eking Gould, the essayist. In 1990, (Kristina Barr and George Barr Mr. & Mrs. Henry T. Chandler Mr. Evans Erikson Laura and Marshall Front (Evans W. Erikson Foundation) Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Walter L. Cherry succeeded John B. Judkins, Jr. Ms. Virginia T. Bartholomay (Virginia B. and Walter I. Mr. &C Mrs. Gordon R. Ewing to the Council's chair. (Ruth and Vernon Taylor Cherry Trust) Mr. & Mrs. Thomas J. Eyerman Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. William C. Childs Mary 8c Bruce Feay Individual Founders' Council Mr. & Mrs. Robert O. Bass Mr. & Mrs. Stephen M. Chiles Mr. 8c Mrs. Robert C. Ferris members annually contribute (Robert and Isabelle Bass Mr. & Mrs. W. H. Clark, Jr. Mrs. Joseph N. Field SI, 500 or more in unrestricted Foundation, Inc.) Mr. Richard W. Colburn / Mr. 8c Mrs. Marshall Field gifts or gifts to other special Mr. & Mrs. Lee A. Baumgarten Ms. Robin Lucas (The (Jamee and Marshall Field funds; give a single or Mr." & Mrs. George R. Beach Negaunee Foundation) Foundation) Dr. & Mrs. Robert A Beatty Mr. & Mrs. Frank W. Considine Mr. &C Mrs. Steven D. Fifield accumulated gift of $25,000 or Dr. & Mrs. Nenad Belie Mr. & Mrs. Stanton R. Cook Mr. &C Mrs. M. Peter Fischer more for permanent Mr. 8c Mrs. Morgan L. Fitch, Mr. & Mrs. Gordon Bent Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Cooper Jr. membership; make a deferred Mr. & Mrs. Harry O. Bercher (Richard H. Cooper Mrs. Leonard S. Florsheim, Jr. gift of $50,000 or more; or Mr. & Mrs. James F. Bere Foundation) (Enivar Charitable Fund) make a gift of a major Mr. & Mrs. Allen C. Berg Mr. 8* Mrs. John R. Covington Mr. &£ Mrs. Charles Robert Foltz collection. Mr. Richard S. Berger (Howard L Willett Mr. & Mrs. Peter B. Foreman Mr. & Mrs. Bowen Blair Foundation, Inc.) (Peter and Virginia Foreman Corporate and foundation Mrs. Philip D. Block, Jr. Mrs. William S. Covington" FoundationlPeroke Foundation) members of the Founders' Mr. & Mrs. Philip D. Block III Mr. & Mrs. William S. Cowles Mr. &C Mrs. Charles W. Foxwell contribute (JB Charitable Trust) Mr. & Mrs. Mark Crane Mr.* &C Mrs. Gaylord Freeman Council annually B. Freeman in Mrs. Daniel J. Boone Mr. & Mrs. William F. Crawford Peter B. 8c Donna $5,000 or more

(The Seabury Foundation) (The Crawford Foundation) Mr. 8c Mrs. William M. Freeman unrestricted gifts. Mrs. G. E. Boone Mr. &C Mrs. Lester Crown Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Friend Mr. & Mrs. William A. Boone (Arte and Ida Crown Mrs. Edmund W. Froehlich Mr. & Mrs. Willard L. Boyd Memorial) Mr. &C Mrs. Marshall B. Front

Mrs. Harold S. Brady Mrs. Sandra K. Crown Mr. 8" Mrs. Maurice F. Fulton Mr. & Mrs. James E. Bramsen Ms. Susan Crown, Mr. William (Maurice and Muriel Fulton

(Svend and Elizabeth Bramsen Kunkler III (Arte and Ida Foundation, Inc.) Foundation) Crown Memorial) Mr. & Mrs. Robert B. Gerrie Mrs. Dorothy T. Braun Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Cruikshank Mr. &C Mrs. Gerald S. Gidwitz Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth A. Bro Mr. & Mrs. Thomas C. Dabovich Mr. & Mrs. Bertram Z. Brodie Mr. & Mrs. O. C. Davis * Deceased

(Edwin J. Brach Foundation) (O. C. Davis Foundation)

Dr. & Mrs. Edwin J. DeCosta Walter E. Heller Foundation) (

From the Field Museum Library: Snake Foot, a figure from Vipera

Pythia, a treatise on venomous snakes by Marcus Aurelius Severini (1580-1656), published in1651. "

14 Mr. Joseph L. Gidwitz Mr. Marshall Isaacson Mr. & Mrs. Ira G. Marks (Ira & (The Division Fund/Gidwitz Mr. & Mrs. Hal Iyengar Janina Marks Charitable Trust) Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Reinhardt H. Jahn Mrs. Geraldine F. Martin Dr. Elizabeth-Louise Girardi Mrs. Harold James (The Martin Foundation, Inc.)

Mr. &C Mrs. James J. Glasser (Butz Foundation) Mrs. Harold T. Martin

Mr. & Mrs. Daniel J. Good Mr. & Mrs. Edgar D. Jannotta Mr. & Mrs. R. Eden Martin

Mr. & Mrs. John C. Goodall, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Joseph E. Jannotta, Jr. Mr. Clifford G. Massoth

(Tborson Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. David L. Jelinek Mr. & Mrs. Edward Matz, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. John G. Graham Mrs. Barbara Smail Johnson' Mrs. Beatrice Cummings Mayer New Visitor Mr. & Mrs. William B. Graham Mr. & Mrs. Clarence E. Johnson Mr. & Mrs. Oscar G. Mayer (William B. Graham (Clarence E. Johnson and (Oscar G. and Elsa S. Mayer Marketing Foundation, Inc.) Shirley M. Johnson Foundation) Charitable Trust)

Mr. & Mrs. David W. Grainger Mr. & Mrs. S. Curtis Johnson III Mr. & Mrs. Michael B. McCaskey The Museum launched an (The Grainger Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Richard M. Jones Mr. & Mrs. Archibald McClure aggressive visitor marketing Mr. & Mrs. Melvin Gray Mr. & Mrs. John B. Judkins, Jr. (CDM Foundation) plan in 1989 and 1990 through Lewis & Misty Gruber Mr. & Mrs. James R. Kackley Mr. & Mrs. Brooks McCormick the Public Relations Mr. & Mrs. Paul W. Guenzel Mr. & Mrs. Morris A. & Alice B. (Brooks and Hope B. Department with the Mr. & Mrs.* Robert P. Gwinn Kaplan (Mayer and Morris McCormick Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Charles C. Haffner III Kaplan Family Foundation) Mrs. Susan McDowell assistance of Leo Burnett Mrs. Burton W. Hales Mr. & Mrs. Byron C. Karzas Mr. & Mrs. Donald J. McLachlan U.S.A., a top advertising (Hales Charitable Fund, Inc.) Mrs. Spencer R. Keare Mr. & Mrs. Cirilo A. McSween agency. A new marketing Mr. & Mrs. Corwith Hamill Carolyn M. & Douglas E. Keats Dr. & Mrs. L. Steven Medgyesy theme, "Field Museum - The (Happy Hollow Fund) Mr. & Mrs. Michael L. Keiser Mr. & Mrs. John C. Meeker (John Smart Way to Have Fun, Drs. K. W. & Lucy Hammerberg Mr. Milt Keller C. Meeker and Withrow M. inspires an integrated program Mrs. Charles L. Hardy Donna Kennedy Meeker Charitable Lead Trust) (Elliot and Ann Donnelley Mr. & Mrs. Charles M. Kierscht Mr. & Mrs. Hugo Melvoin of publicity, promotions, and J. Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. John J. Kinsella Mrs. Richard Merrick advertising that has helped the Mrs. William A. Hark (J. J. Kinsella Charitable Lead Mr. & Mrs. Charles A. Meyer Museum exceed attendance Mr. & Mrs. D. Foster Harland Trust) Mr. & Mrs. David R. Meyers and revenue goals both years. Mr. & Mrs. King Harris Mr. & Mrs. F. M. Kirby (Meyers Charitable Family New corporate marketing (Harris Family Foundation) (F. M. Kirby Foundation, Inc.) Fund) S. Hartman Mr. Mrs. E. Kirkpatrick Mr. Mrs. Newton N. Minow partnerships with United Mr. & Mrs. Robert & John & Mr. & Mrs. Joseph B. Hawkes (John E. and Phyllis D. (Minow Family Foundation) Airlines, American Express Mr. & Mrs. Laurin H. Healy Kirkparick Foundation) Mrs. William H. Mitchell* Travel Services, Pizza Hut, (Winona Corporation) Mr. & Mrs. Robert D. Kolar Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth F. McDonald's, KLM Royal Dutch Wayne E. & Colette J. Hedien Mr. & Mrs. Fred A. Krehbiel Montgomery Airlines, top Chicago hotels, Mr. & Mrs. Ben W. Heineman Mrs. Ray A. Kroc Mr. & Mrs. Richard M. Morrow major radio stations and Mrs. Harold H. Hines, Jr. Mr. Carl A. Kroch Mrs. Arthur T. Moulding Mr. & Mrs. John L. Hines Mr. William H. Kurtis / Mr. & Mrs. Leo F. Mullin retailers enhance promotional Mr. George C. Hixon Ms. Donna LaPietra Mr. & Mrs. Timothy J. Murphy activities. Mr. & Mrs. Michael F. Hodous Mrs. Richard W. Leach Dr. & Mrs. Charles F. Nadler

Mr. & Mrs. John J. Hoellen (Isabella Leach Charitable Lead Colonel & Mrs. John B. Naser (Sulzer Family Foundation) Trust) (JBN Trust) Mr. Myron Hokin Paul H. & Theo H. Leffmann Mr. & Mrs. Stephen C. Neal (Dave Hokin Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Elliot Lehman Mr. & Mrs. John D. Nichols

Mr. Wayne J. Holman III (Wayne (New Prospect Foundation) Mrs. Arthur C. Nielsen, Sr.

J. Holman, Jr. 1963 Trust) Mr. & Mrs. John H. Leslie Mr. & Mrs. James J. O'Connor Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Holzheimer (The Leslie Fund) Mr. & Mrs. Wrigley Offield (Holzheimer Fund) Mrs. John Woodworth Leslie Mrs. Eric Oldberg Carl Holzheimer* Mr. & Mrs. Michael D. Levin Mr. & Mrs. Ralph Thomas O'Neil Mr. Keith A. Hooper Dr. & Mrs. Michael S. Lewis Mrs. Gilbert H. Osgood

Mrs. H. Earl Hoover Mr. & Mrs. George Lill II Mr. & Mrs. James Otis, Jr.

(H. Earl Hoover Foundation) Lucia Woods Lindley / Mr. & Mrs. Richard C. Oughton

Mrs. William D. Home Daniel A. Lindley, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Donald W. Patterson

Mrs. Irvin E. Houck Mrs. Glen A. Lloyd Mr. & Mrs. William J. Pavey Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence Howe Mrs. Renee Logan

Mr. & Mrs. Peter H. Huizenga The Honorable & Mrs. John J.

Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Hyndman Louis, Jr.

' Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Ingersoll (John J. Louis Foundation) Deceased

(Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Mrs. Rena I. Lozins Ingersoll Foundation) Bettina R. MacAyeal Mr. & Mrs. John W. Madigan Mr. & Mrs. CaryJ. Malkin Mr. & Mrs. Robert H. Malott Sandy & Jerry Manne Dr. & Mrs. Richard E. Marcus

From the Field Museum Library: Anthropomorphic rendering of a

mandrake root, from Gait der Gesundtheit, an herbal

pharmacopoeia compiled by Joannes de Cuba and published in

Augsburg in 1486 — the oldest printed book in the collection. ) "

&: Mrs. Richard Peterson Mr. & Mrs. Edward Byron Mr. & Mrs. Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. 15 Mr. J.

(Otto W. Lehmann Smith, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. George S. Trees

Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Malcolm N. Smith Mr. & Mrs. Howard J. Trienens

Mr. & Mrs. Gabriel L. Petre Mr. & Mrs. Worthington L. Smith (HowardJ. and Paula M. Mr. & Mrs. John Phillips Dr. & Mrs. Daniel Snydacker Trienens Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Richard Pigott Mr. & Mrs. H. E. Sommer Mr. & Mrs. Thomas S. Tyler

Mr. & Mrs. Charles S. Potter Mr. & Mrs. Joseph Sondheimer Mr. & Mrs. Edgar J. Uihlein (McClurg Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Jack D. Sparks Katherine L. Updike,

Dr. & Mrs. Kenneth J. Printen (Jack D. and Fredda Sparks Robert Wagner Mrs. A. N. Pritzker Foundation) Mr.* & Mrs. Herbert A. Vance Donor

Mr. James Pritzker Mrs. George T. Spensley (Herbert A. and Dorothy J. Mr. Robert A. Pritzker Mr. & Mrs. Gerald A. Spore Vance Trust) Groups

(Pritzker Foundation) (Howard L. Willett Mr. & Mrs. Theodore W. In 1989, four new support Mr. & Mrs. John Shedd Reed Foundation, Inc) Van Zelst groups were organized to Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Reed Mr. & Mrs. Jack C. Staehle Mr. & Mrs. Robert E. Vernon encourage and recognize, with (Robert C. Reed Family Fruit) Mrs. Donna Wolf Steigerwaldt Dr. & Mrs. Harold K. Voris Miss Ruth Regenstein Mr. & Mrs. Manfred Steinfeld Mr. & Mrs. Louis A. Wagner additional membership

Mr. & Mrs. Frank A. Reichelderfer Mr. & Mrs. Wallace J. Stenhousejr. Mr. & Mrs. Daniel J. Walsh benefits, those who donate

A. Mrs. David B. Stern, Jr. Mr. Mrs. Hempstead Mr. & Mrs. Thomas & funds to the Museum beyond Reynolds, Dr. & Mrs.* David W. Stewart Washburne, Jr. Jr. basic membership. These are Mr. Ottomar D. Roeder Mr. & Mrs. Frederick H. Stitt Mr. & Mrs. Dey W. Watts the Field Contributors Mr. & Mrs. Samuel R. Rosenthal Mr. & Mrs. Roger W. Stone Mr. & Mrs. Morrison Waud Field (D&RFund) Mr. & Mrs. William S. Street Mr.* & Mrs. E. Leland Webber (SW0-S249), Adventurers Mr. Ted Ross (The Seattle Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Roderick S. Webster (S250-S499), Field Naturalists (Ross Charitable Frust) Mr. & Mrs. Herbert F. Stride Mr. & Mrs. William L. Weiss (S500-S999), and Field

David S. Ruder Mr. Mrs. Robert D. Stuart, Jr. (William L. andJosephine B. Mr. & Mrs. & Explorers ($1,000-$1,499). Mr. & Mrs. John S. Runnells Mr. & Mrs. Erwin A. Stuebner Weiss Family Foundation) Members of these groups are Mr. & Mrs. Thomas R. Sanders Mr.* & Mrs.* Bolton Sullivan Mr. & Mrs. John L. Welsh III listed in the publication "Field Mr. & Mrs. David R. Sawyier / (Bolton Sullivan Fund) (McCrea Foundation) Timothy Sawyier Mr. & Mrs. John W. Sullivan Mr. & Mrs. Henry P. Wheeler Museum Donor Groups. Mr. Leonard B. Sax (Bolton Sullivan Fund I Susan Mr. & Mrs. George F. Wilhelm Donors of $1,500 or more Prentice Wilkin (Abra (Sax Family Foundation) and John W. Sullivan Mrs. Abra annually are named to the Mr.* Mrs.* Norman Foundation) Prentice Charitable Trust) & J. Founders' Council. Schlossman Mrs. James Swartchild' Mrs. Howard L. Willett, Jr. (Jocarno Fund) (Collier-Swartchild Foundation) (Howard L. Willett

Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Schnadig Mrs. William G. Swartchild, Jr. Foundatioti, Inc. Mr. & Mrs. Charles E. Schroeder Mr. & Mrs. Phelps Hoyt Swift Dr. & Mrs. Philip C. Williams

Dr. & Mrs. John S. Schweppe (Ruth and Vernon Faylor Mrs. Benton J. Willner Mrs. John W. Seabury Foundation) (Madeline and Henry Straus

(The Seabury Foundation) Barbara Olin Taylor / Endowment Fund)

Mr. Michael D. Searle F. Morgan Taylor, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Paul C. Wilson

(Searle Family Frust) Mr. & Mrs. John W. Taylor, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. John W. Winn

Mr. & Mrs. William L. Searle Mr. & Mrs. John W. Taylor III Mr.* & Mrs. J. Howard Wood Searle Family Trust) Dr. & Mrs. Samuel G. Taylor III Mr. & Mrs. William Mr. Michael Segal Mr. & Mrs. Edward R. Telling Wood-Prince

Mr. & Mrs. Henry Shapiro Mr. & Mrs. Bruce Thorne Mr. & Mrs. Blaine J. Yarrington (Soretta and Henry Shapiro Mrs. Reuben Thorson Mrs. George B. Young Family Foundation) (Fhorson Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. George D. Young

Mr.* & Mrs. John I. Shaw Mr.* & Mrs. Theodore D. Tieken Mr. & Mrs. Max Zar (Arch W. Shaw Foundation) (HBB Foundation) Mrs. Claire B. Zeisle

Mr. Jeffrey Shedd

Mr. & Mrs. Saul S. Sherman * Deceased Dr. & Mrs. Thomas W. Shields (Bessie Shields Family Foundation)

Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey R. Short, Jr. Mrs. John M. Simpson Mrs. Thomas B. Singleton* Mr. & Mrs. John R. Siragusa Mr. & Mrs.* Edward Byron Smith (Edward Byron Smith Charitable Fund)

From the Field Museum Library: Sea creature from Konrad

Gesner's Fischbuch, published in Zurich in 1575. Elizabeth Ferguson Trust Mrs. Stanton R. Cook The The Women's Edward A. Cooper First National Bank of Chicago Mrs. Founders' Ford Motor Company Board Mrs. James R. Coulter Lloyd A. Fry Foundation Mrs. William S. Covington* Council Geraldi Norton Memorial Mrs. Mark Crane Corporation Mrs. John V. Crowe Mrs. Keene H. Addington Harris Bank Foundation Mrs. Lester Crown Corporation and Mrs. Edward King Aldworth Helene Curtis, Inc. Mrs. Sandra K. Crown Foundation members Mrs. Stanley N. Allan Household International, Inc. Mrs. Susan Crown Mrs. Richard I. Allen IBM Mrs. Robert Lane Cruikshank Mrs. James W. Alsdorf Illinois Bell Mrs. Herschel H. Cudd Abbott Laboratories Mrs. J. Robert Anderson Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Mrs. Dino J. D'Angelo Allen-Heath Memorial Mrs. Angelo R. Arena The Interlake Corporation Mrs. John A. Daniels Foundation Cynthia Armour Kemper Educational and Mrs. Leonard S. Davidow The Allstate Insurance Company Mrs. A. Watson Armour III Charitable Fund Mrs. O. C. Davis American National Can Company Mrs. P. Kelley Armour Kemper Financial Services, Inc. Mrs. Howard M. Dean, Jr. Ameritech Mrs. Laurance H. Armour, Jr. The James S. Kemper Foundation Mrs. Edwin J. DeCosta Amoco Foundation, Inc. Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Kraft General Foods Mrs. Emmett Dedmon Amsted Industries, Inc. Mrs. Edwin N. Asmann Louis R. Lurie Foundation Mrs. Robert O. Delaney Arthur Andersen & Company Mrs. Thomas G. Ayers John D. and Catherine T. Mrs. Charles S. DeLong* Aon Corporation Mrs. Warner G. Baird, Jr. MacArthur Foundation Mrs. Charles Dennehy Arie and Ida Crown Memorial Mrs. George R. Baker Marshall Field's Mrs. Edison Dick Bankers Trust Company Mrs. Claude A. Barnett Robert R. McCormick Charitable Mrs. William R. Dickinson, Jr. The Barker Welfare Foundation Mrs. Stephen M. Bartram TrustMcMaster-Carr Supply Mrs. Wesley M. Dixon Baxter Healthcare Corporation Mrs. Robert O. Bass Company Mrs. Gaylord Donnelley Beatrice Company Mrs. George R. Beach MidCon Corp. Mrs. Thomas E. Donnelley II Borg-Warner Foundation Mrs. Robert A. Beatty Molex International, Inc. Mrs. William C. Douglas Boulevard Bank Mrs. James H. Becker Morton Thiokol, Inc. Mrs. Maurice F. Dunne, Jr. Leo Burnett, U.S.A. Mrs. Theodore A. Bell Nalco Chemical Company Mrs. Robert C. Edwards The Chase Manhattan Mrs. Edward H. Bennett, Jr. Northern Illinois Gas Company Mrs. R. Winfield Ellis Corporation Mrs. B. Edward Bensinger The Northern Trust Company Mrs. Marjorie H. Elting The Chicago Community Trust Mrs. Gordon Bent John Nuveen & Company Mrs. Josephine Fairman Elting Chicago Tribune Company Mrs. Harry O. Bercher Peat Marwick Main & Co. Mrs. Winston Elting Commonwealth Edison Company Mrs. Michael A. Bilandic J.C. Penney Company, Inc. Mrs. Gordon R. Ewing Continental Illinois National Mrs. Harrington Bischof Price Waterhouse Mrs. Thomas J. Eyerman Bank and Trust Company Mrs. Bowen Blair Prince Charitable Trusts Mrs. Meyer Feldberg DeSoto, Inc. Mrs. Frank W. Blatchford III Quaker Oats Company Mrs. Calvin Fentress R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company Mrs. Joseph L. Block The Regenstein Foundation Mrs. Robert C. Ferris Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Mrs. Philip D. Block, Jr. The Rice Foundation Mrs. Robert Fesmire FMC Corporation Mrs. Philip D. Block III S & C Electric Company Mrs. Joseph N. Field Fel-Pro/Mecklenburger Mrs. Edwin R. Blomquist Safery-Kleen Corp. Mrs. Marshall Field Foundation Mrs. John J. Borland, Jr. Sahara Coal Company, Inc. Mrs. Charles Robert Foltz Mrs. Arthur S. Bowes Santa Fe Southern Pacific Mrs. Peter B. Foreman Mrs. Willard L. Boyd Corporation Mrs. Francis G. Foster, Jr. Mrs. Lester Harris Brill Sara Lee Corporation Mrs. Hubert D. Fox Mrs. K. Dane Brooksher Frederick Sears, Roebuck and Co. Mrs. Earl J. Mrs. Cameron Brown Skil Corporation Mrs. Gaylord A. Freeman Mrs. Jennifer Martin Brown Staley Beverage Company Mrs. Marshall Front Mrs. Roger O. Brown Tiffany & Company Mrs. William D. Frost Mrs. T. von Donop Buddington Touche Ross & Co. Mrs. Maurice F. Fulton Mrs. Albert C. Buehler, Jr. United Airlines Mrs. John S. Gates Mrs. Clark Burrus USG Foundation, Inc. Mrs. John A. Gavin Mrs. Robert N. Burt Harry Weese & Associates Mrs. Robert H. Gayner Mrs. Robert D. Cadieux Burke, Wilson & Mcllvaine Mrs. Robert B. Gerrie Mrs. Douglas H. Cameron Wm. Wrigleyjr. Company Mrs. Isak V. Gerson Mrs. Robert A. Carr Mrs. Gerald S. Gidwitz Mrs. Robert Wells Carton * Deceased Mrs. James J. Glasser Mrs. Hammond E. Chaffetz Mrs. Philip W. Goetz Mrs. Henry T. Chandler Mrs. Julian R. Goldsmith Miss Nora F. Chandler Mrs. Paul W. Goodrich Mrs. Walter L. Cherry Mrs. William B. Graham Mrs. Donald C. Clark Mrs. David W. Grainger Mrs. W.H.Clark, Jr. Mrs. Roger Griffin Mrs. Nothhelfer Connor J. Mrs. Robert C. Gunness Mrs. Frank W. Considine

From the Field Museum Library: Frontispiece from Ricreatione

dell'occhio, a treatise on sea shells published in 1681 by Filippo Buonanni (1638-1725). Mrs. Burton W. Hales Mrs. Henry W. Meers Mrs. Garzert Spiegel 17

Mrs. Corvvith Hamill Mrs. Hugo J. Melvoin Mrs. Jack C. Staehle Mrs. Charles L. Hardy Mrs. Allen C. Menke Mrs. Harlan F. Stanley Mrs. King Harris Mrs. Robert E. Merriam Mrs. E. Norman Staub Stern* Mrs. Charles Cotton Harrold III Mrs. J. Roscoe Miller Mrs. Gardner H.

Mrs. Robert S. Hartman Mrs. Philip B. Miller Mrs. Adlai E. Stevenson III Mrs. David C. Hawley Mrs. Newton N. Minow Mrs. Roger W. Stone Mrs. Frederick Charles Hecht Mrs. Charles H. Montgomery Mrs. William S. Street

R. III Mrs. Robert H. Strotz Colette J. Hedien Mrs. John Montgomery Mrs. Ben W. Heineman Mrs. Kenneth F. Montgomery Mrs. Barry F. Sullivan Women's Mrs. Duncan Y. Henderson Mrs. Carolyn S. Moore Mrs. John W. Sullivan Mrs. Stacy H. Hill Mrs. Vernile Murrin Morgan Mrs. James Swartchild* Board

Mrs. Rembrandt C. Hiller, Jr. Mrs. Arthur T. Moulding Mrs. William G. Swartchild, Jr. Under the leadership of Mrs. Edward Hines Mrs. Aidan I. Mullen Mrs. Edward F. Swift Presidents Mrs. James J. Mrs. John L. Hines Mrs. Leo F. Mullin Mrs. Hampden M. Swift (1989) and Mrs. Mrs. John H. Hobart Mrs. Elita Mailers Murphy Mrs. Phelps H. Swift O'Connor Mrs. Richard H. Hobbs Mrs. Charles Fenger Nadler Mrs. John W. Taylor, Jr. Howard J. Trienens (1990) the

Mrs. Thomas D. Hodgkins Mrs. Charles Fenger Nadler, Jr. Mrs. John W. Taylor III Women's Board raised Mrs. Hoffmann Mrs. Joseph E. Nathan Mrs. Edward R. Telling Thomas J. $700,000 for general support of Mrs. David B. Horn Mrs. Earl L. Neal Mrs. Richard L. Thomas the Museum's activities. Each Janice S. Hunt Alice Neild Mrs. Bruce Thorne year the Board provides an Mrs. Chauncey Keep Hutchins Mrs. John Doane Nichols Mrs. Theodore D. Tieken Mrs. Robert C. Hyndman Mrs. Arthur C. Nielsen, Sr. Mrs. Theodore D. Tieken, Jr. elegant setting to preview the Mrs. Stanley O. Ikenberry Miss Lucille Ann Nunes Mrs. Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. Museum's latest exhibit Mrs. Trienens Mrs. Robert S. Ingersoll Mrs. James J. O'Connor Howard J. renovation. The Pacific exhibit Mrs. Sue Ish Mrs. Ralph Thomas O'Neil Mrs. C. Perin Tyler was celebrated at two Fall Mrs. Frederick G. Jaicks Mrs. Paul W. Oliver, Jr. Mrs. Theodore W. Van Zelst galas: "One Enchanted Mrs. Brian Jerome Mrs. Harry D. Oppenheimer II Mrs. V. L. D. von Schlegell Evening, " chaired by Mrs. Mrs. Clarence E. Johnson Mrs. Richard C. Oughton Mrs. Thomas M. Ware

Mrs. S. Curtis Johnson III Mrs. Donald W. Patterson Mrs. Hempstead Washburne, Jr. Thomas J. Eyerman with Mrs. Richard M. Jones Mrs. O. Macrae Patterson Mrs. E. Leland Webber United Airlines as underwriter; Mrs. Arnold R. Weber Mrs. John B. Judkins, Jr. Mrs. Hope Haywood Paul and "Jewels of the Pacific," Mrs. Wallace Kaehler, Mrs. R. Marlin Perkins Mrs. William L. Weiss Jr. chaired by Mrs. John M. Paul Welling* Mrs. Byron C. Karzas Mrs. Richard J. Phelan* Mrs. John Richman with underwriting Pigott Mrs. Daniel R. Welsh Mrs. John J. Kinsella Mrs. Richard J. from Kraft, Inc. The Christmas Mrs. William T. Kirk, Jr. Mrs. Charles S. Potter Mrs. John L. Welsh III Mrs. Robert D. Kolar Mrs. Virginia F. Pullman Mrs. B. Kenneth West Tea, attended each year by Mrs. Richard Kracum Mrs. William Putze Mrs. Henry P. Wheeler some 1,500 children, was Mrs. Neil K. Quinn Mrs. Richard R. Whitaker, Jr. Mrs. Walter A. Krafft chaired in 1989 by Mrs. Mrs. Bertram D. Kribben Mrs. James H. Ransom Mrs. Julian B. Wilkins Howard M. Dean, Jr. and in Mrs. John H. Leslie Mrs. Howard C. Reeder Mrs. Philip C. Williams 1990 by Mrs. Andrew Mrs. John Woodworth Leslie Mrs. Robert W. Reneker Reverend Dr. Ruth Teena Mrs. Edward H. Levi Mrs. Don H. Reuben Williams McKenna. Thirty-seven

Mrs. Michael S. Lewis Mrs. Joseph E. Rich Mrs. Norman B. Williamson members volunteer for the Camille Lione Mrs. John M. Richman Mrs. Robert H. Wilson Ambassador Program, Mrs. Richard G. Lione Mrs. Frederick Roe Mrs. Wallace C. Winter founded in 1990, to greet the Mrs. Chapin Litten Mrs. Edward M. Roob Mrs. Arthur W. Woelfle public and to enrich their visits Mrs. Glen A. Lloyd Mrs. Samuel R. Rosenthal Mrs. Peter Wolkonsky the Mrs. Clarence N. Wood to Museum. Mrs. Franklin J. Lunding* Mrs. John S. Runnells

Mrs. Walter M. Mack Mrs. Patrick G. Ryan Mrs. J. Howard Wood Mrs. John W. Madigan Mrs. George W. Ryerson Mrs. William Wood-Prince

Mrs. James F. Magin Dr. Muriel S. Savage Mrs. Frank H. Woods

Mrs. Robert H. Malott Mrs. Richard H. Schnadig Mrs. Blaine J. Yarrington

Mrs. Carter H. Manny, Jr. Mrs. Charles E. Schroeder Mrs. George B. Young Mrs. Richard Marcus Mrs. Elizabeth M. Schultz * Mrs. Edward Matz, Jr. Mrs. William L. Searle Deceased

Mrs. David Mayer Mrs. Richard J. L. Senior

Mrs. Frank D. Mayer Mrs. Thomas C. Sheffield, Jr.

Mrs. Frank D. Mayer, Jr. Melissa A. Shennan Mrs. Brooks McCormick Mrs. C. William Sidwell

Mrs. George Barr McCutcheon II Mrs. John R. Siragusa Sivage Mrs. William J. McDonough Mrs. Gerald A. Mrs. Andrew McKenna Mrs. Edward Byron Smith*

Mrs. Eugene J. McVoy Mrs. Edward Byron Smith, Jr. Mrs. John C. Meeker Mrs. Gordon H. Smith Mrs. Malcolm M. Smith Mrs. Stephen Byron Smith Mrs. Charles H. Solberg Mrs. Lyle M. Spencer From the Field Museum Library: The "bishop fish," from Libri de Piscibus Marinus, published in 1554 by Guillaume Rondelet (1507-1566). 18 The Friends Mr. &C Mrs. Worthington L. Smith Susan Lopez Mr. &C Mrs. Harry L. Stern Alexis MacDowall of Field Mr. & Mrs. Francis H. Straus II Patricia McMillen Mr. & Mrs. Terence A. Tanner Therese M. Obringer Mr. Museum & Mrs. Howard J. Trienens Jesse G. Reyes Mr. & Mrs. Theodore W. Laurie D. Roston Library Van Zelst Robert Rosen

Dr. & Mrs. Rupert L. Wenzel Julie P. Shelton

Mrs. Lester Armour Mr. Willard E. White Louise K. Smith Special- Mr. & Mrs.' T. Stanton Armour Dr. & Mrs. Philip C. Williams Rhonda Y. Stivers Mr. Mrs. W. Winn Mrs. Philip D. Block, Jr. & John Mary Wilson Interest Mrs. G. E. Boone Mrs. George B. Young Nikki Zollar Mr. & Mrs. John Borland, Mr. & Mrs. Max Zar Support J. Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Willard L. Boyd ' Chair 7 Groups Mr. & Mrs. Roger O. Brown Chair Mr. & Mrs. Henry T. Chandler The Friends of Field Museum Mr. & Mrs. Michael F. Chaneske

Library was organized in 1990 Dr. & Mrs. Edwin J. DeCosta Mrs. William R. Dickinson, to promote interest in and Jr. Friends of Mr. & Mrs. Gaylord Donnelley support for the Library and its The Mr. & Mrs. James R. Donnelley Ruatepupuke ii programs of book and journal Mr. & Mrs. ThomasE. Donnelley II Outreach acquisition, collection and Dr. Mrs. George & Dunea Mr. & Mrs. James Ballard preservation, exhibition F. Council and Josephine Elting Mr.' & Mrs. Donald Cameron and publication. Under the Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Ferris Ms. Jane Connolly Mr. & Mrs. Marshall Field Tony Armour chairmanship of Mrs. T. Mr. John Cook Mr. & Mrs. Charles Robert Foltz Jonathan H. Bogaard Stanton Armour, a member of Ms. Lucy Fairbank Mr. Earl Frederick Nancy M. Bush & Mrs. J. Mary & Bruce Feay the Museum's Board of Arturo Cisneros Dr. & Mrs. John S. Garvin Mrs. Rebecca Gilson Trustees, the group has Mr. Mrs. Stephen F. Kevin S. Considine & Gates Mr. James P. Littlejohn Matthew S. Eyerman launched a newsletter, Mr. & Mrs. Gerald S. Gidwitz Mr. John M. MacDonald Mrs. Elizabeth Jolls Giese Gatherings, and sponsored the Mr. & James J. Glasser Mrs. Dagmara Nyman Dr. & Mrs. John G. Graham Gerald P. Giese acquisition of several rare Ms. Frances L. Osgood Claire Hartfield Mr. & Mrs. Paul W. Guenzel Ms. Florence O'Shea books, including Richard Philip L. Harris' Mr. & Mrs. Charles C. HafFner III Mr. & Mrs. Jerome Schultz Bradley's A Philosophical Carrie Healy Mr. & Mrs. Daniel R. Hayman Mr. Delbert Erie Yarnell Account of the of Duncan Healy Works Mr. & Mrs. Laurin H. Healy J. Ms. Tory Light Laura Nature, published in London in Mrs. Harold H. Hines, Jr. Jones Mr. Mrs. Richard M. Richard Jones 1721. Other special-interest & Jones ' Chair Mr. & Mrs. Douglas M. Kenyon Mary Kay Karzas groups are the Friends of Mr. & Mrs. Robert D. Kolar Mercedes A. Laing Ruatepupuke II, the Maori Dr. & Mrs. Michael S. Lewis Carl Lavender meeting house now Mrs. Rena I. Lozins Patricia J. Lawson undergoing renovation on the Mr. James A. Marshall Marda Lebeau Louise Lefkow Ground Floor, and the Mr. & Mrs. Brooks McCormick Mr. Mrs. Henry W. Meers David Lefkow Outreach Council, formerly & Mr. & Mrs. Hugo Melvoin Adriana 3allen Litvak known as the Public Programs J. Mrs. Arthur T. Moulding Support Group, which aids the Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth Nebenzahl Museum's community Mr. & Mrs. Ralph Thomas O'Neil outreach program. Mr. & Mrs. Joel Oppenheimer Mr. & Mrs. Gabriel L. Petre Mrs. George A. Poole

Mr. & Mrs. Charles S. Potter Mr. & Mrs. Joseph E. Rich Mrs. Frederick Roe Mr. & Mrs. Samuel R. Rosenthal

Mr. & Mrs. John S. Runnells Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Schnadig Mr. Edward Bvron Smith

From the Field Museum Library: Fishpersons. from Historiae Naturalis de Piscibus et Cetis by Joannes Jonstonus (1603-1675),

published in Amsterdam in 1657. Rice Foundation reputation of the much-maligned bats. 19 Leads Donors Mr. and Mrs. Brooks

McCormick contributed funds for a 'Into the Wild' diorama on wild turkeys, and

Mrs. R. Winfield Ellis for the With a pathbreaking gift that

stunning installation of Carl will total $5 million, the Daniel F. and Akeley's famous "Four Seasons" Ada L. Rice Foundation has led the

diorama. Franklin J. Lunding Museum "Into the Wild" — a new pledged a gift in memory of his wife, thematic exhibit, subtitled "Animals, Virginia, for the passenger pigeon Above: a West Indian butterfly of the family Trails & Tales," on the world's animals diorama, and Gaylord and Dorothy Papilionidae, donated to the Museum by

Donnelley to support a interactive David Matusik in 1990. and their environments. new Background: A exhibit on natural areas around Chicago spectacled caiman Many contributors large (Caiman crocodilus), The Ronald McDonald found in the wild from and small have come forth eagerly to southern Mexico to northern Argentina. Children's Charities donated $150,000 support this major mounting of the The caiman will be on

display in the "Into to help enhance the exhibit as a family Museum's zoology collections. Among the Wild" exhibit.

experience, and the W.K. Kellogg them: The National Science Foundation

Foundation gave $1.4 million for made its largest grant ever for a museum

exhibit construction and educational exhibit ($1.2 million), and the members

programming. of the Windy City Grotto chapter of the

The exhibit, including a National Speleological Society (cave

Nature Walk that will take visitors from explorers) put together $1,000 and no

Chicago to Alaska and to South little expertise to help redeem the

America, opens in November 1991 in

the first-floor west halls, which will now

be known as the Daniel F. and Ada L.

Rice Wing.*** Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Fund Balances December 31, 1990 and 1989

Current Fund Designated Fund Functioning Operating Fund For Special Purposes As Endowment 1990 1989 1990 1989 1990 1989

Assets

Cash $952,516 $1,172,748

Interest and Dividends 32,000 14,000 Receivable

Pledges Receivable Museum Restricted Fund Endowment Fund Total All Funds Property Fund 1990 1989 1990 1989 1990 1989 1990 1989

$952,516 $1,172,748

$846,090 $281,490 $167,000 $167,000 1,578,090 995,490

891,667 2,574,866 $734,000 $5,000 150,000 2,185,417 2,755,116

1,354,884 1,471,134

38,800,938 18,279,980 17,526,519 16,889,660 114,071,517 91,188,415

571,110 467,121

789,520 356,578 789,520 356,578

350,000 247,886 264,582 1,164,805 867,563 48,010,4621146,505,192 48,010,4621146.505,192

$89,688,678 $67,998,107 $981,886 $269,582 $17,843,519 $17,056,660 $170,678,322 $145,779,358

$1,164,707 $1,372,940

$230,726 $70,396 1,209,461 970,116

$10,958,120 $7,129,132 10,958,120 7,129,132 313,143 43,548 459,305 205,302

31,300,000 13,000,000 31,300,000 13,000,000

10,390,387 8,234,278 (10,289,377) (6,903,098)

41,921,113 21,304,674 981,886 269,582 45,091,593 22,677,490

47,767,565 46,693,433 17,843,519 17,056,660 125,586,729 123,101,868

$89,688,678 $67,998,107 $981,886 $269,582 $17,843,519 $17,056,660 $170,678,322 $145,779,358 Statements of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Fund Balances Years Ended December 31, 1990 and 1989 Museum Restricted Fund Endowment Fund Total All Funds Property Fund 1990 1989 1990 1989 1990 1989 1990 1989

51,518,126 $1,619,832

15,901 (489,122)

888,928 )

24 Walter R. Hauschildt Estate Mrs. William S. Covington* Special Gifts: Mr. & Mrs. Laurin H. Healy Elizabeth M. Covington Estate Restricted, (Winona Corporation) Mr. & Mrs. William S. Cowles Mrs. Beatrice C. Mayer A. G. Cox Charity Trust Capital, and Mr. & Mrs. Brooks McCormick Mr. & Mrs. Mark Crane (Brooks & Hope B. McCormick Mr. & Mrs. John V. Crowe Endowed Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Cruikshank Philip M.McKennaFoundation, Inc Mrs. Suzette Morton Davidson

Funds Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth F. Mrs. Charles S. DeLong*

Montgomery Mr. & Mrs. Howard M. Dean, Jr. Dessie P. Morrow Estate Mr. & Mrs. Robert O. Delaney Individuals and Mrs. Arthur T. Moulding Mr. & Mrs. Gaylord Donnelley Harry G. Nelson Mr. & Mrs. James R. Donnelley Family Foundations Mr. & Mrs. Samuel R. Rosenthal (Nina H. &James R. Donnelley (D&RFund) Foundation)

Norman J. Schlossman Estate Filing O. Eide $100,000 The Seabury Foundation Mr. & Mrs. Gordon R. Ewing

Edward Byron Smith Mr. & Mrs. Thomas J. Eyerman

Gladys N. Anderson Estate (Edward Byron Smith William F. Farley (William F. Farley Foundation) June B. Davis Estate Charitable Fund) Estate Mrs. R. Winfield Ellis Gretchen Stewart Mary & Bruce Feay Mr. Mrs. Howard Trienens Mr. Mrs. Reuben Feinberg Mr. & Mrs. David W. Grainger & J. & (The Grainger Foundation) (HowardJ. & Paula M. (Joseph & Bessie Feinberg Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. John H. Leslie Trienens Foundation) Chester D. Tripp Estate Mr. & Mrs. Marshall Field Spring (The Leslie Fund) Mr. & Mrs. Oscar G. Mayer Jane B. Tripp Estate Mr. & Mrs. Charles Robert Foltz Mr. & Mrs. Blaine Yarrington Mr. & Mrs. Peter B. Foreman Systematics (Oscar G. & Elsa S. Mayer J. Charitable Trust) (The Chicago Community (Peter & Virginia Foreman Foundation/Peroke Symposia Arthur Rubloff Estate Trust) Foundation) Olive M. Shepherd Estate Robin Foster Each year the Museum Gaylord Freeman Mr. & Mrs. Jack C. Staehle Mr.* & Mrs. sponsors an interdisciplinary Mrs. Theodore D. Tieken Mr. & Mrs. Marshall B. Front symposium on topics bearing Lucille R. Wiser Estate $1,000 to $9,999 Josephine D. Galitzine Estate Mr. & Mrs. Gerald S. Gidwitz on problems in systematics The Women's Board Anonymous Elizabeth L. Girardi research. Organized by Mr. & Mrs. Lowell E. Ackmann Mr. & Mrs. William B. Graham Matthew H. Nitecki, curator of (Ackmann Family Foundation) (William B. Graham fossil invertebrates, $10,000 to $99,999 Mr. & Mrs. A. Watson Armour III Foundation, Inc. Department of Geology, these Cynthia Armour William M. Hales symposia have been supported Anonymous Mrs. Lester Armour (Hales Charitable Fund) Mr. & Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Mr. & Mrs. Corwith Hamill by the National Science Carolyn S. Akenson Estate Fund) Mrs. P. Kelley Armour Vernon Armour (Happy Hollow Foundation. The 13th annual Helen K. Bieker Estate Mr.* & Mrs. Edwin N. Asmann Mr. & Mrs. King W. Harris symposium in 1990 was Mr. & Mrs. Roger O. Brown (O. Paul Decker Memorial (Harris Family Foundation) concerned with the Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Charles C. Harrold III Mr. & Mrs. Albert C. Buehler, Jr. understanding and meaning of (AGP Foundation) Abby K. Babcock Estate Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Hartman Mr. Mrs. Ben W. Heineman ethical judgment and the Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Cooper Kristina Barr & (Kristina Barr & George Barr H. John Heinz III Trust relation between ethics and (Richard H. Cooper Foundation) Foundation) Philip Hershkovitz evolution. The Crown Family Mr. & Mrs. Robert O. Bass Mr. & Mrs. Rembrandt C.Hiller, Jr. Peter Elizabeth Hoffman (Arie & Ida Crown Memorial) Mr. & Mrs. B. Bedford Louis Bein Estate Mrs. Harold James Dr. & Mrs. Edwin J. DeCosta Bell (The Butz Foundation) (The Walter E. Heller Mr. & Mrs. Theodore A. Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Harrington Bischof William B. Jeffries Mr. Mrs. Philip D. Block III Mr. & Mrs. Clarence E. Johnson Mr. & Mrs. Thomas E. Donnelley II & B. Charitable Trust) (The Clarence E. Shirley M. (Thomas E. Donnelley II (J. & Foundation) Foundation) Mr.* & Mrs. Daniel J. Boone Johnson Mr. Mrs. Curtis S. III Jamee & Marshall Field Mrs. G. E. Boone & Johnson Foundation Mrs. Arthur S. Bowes Mr. & Mrs. Richard F. Jones Evelyn Frank Estate Mr. & Mrs. Willard L. Boyd Mr. & Mrs. Richard M. Jones Mr. Mrs. Harvey E. Kapnick, Mr. & Mrs. Paul W. Guenzel Helen D. Bronson & Jr. Mr. Mrs. Donald Cameron (The Kapnick Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Charles C. Haffner III & J. Clark, Mr. Mrs. Kinsella Mrs. Charles L. Hardy Mr. & Mrs. Worley H. Jr. & John J. Mr. Mrs. Frank Considine Mr. Mrs. Robert D. Kolar (Elliott &Ann Donnelley & W. & Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Donald C. Cottrell, Jr. Mrs. Arthur H. Krausman John R. Covington (Howard L. Mrs. Bertram D. Kribben ' Deceased Willett Foundation, Inc.) Mrs. John Woodworth Leslie

The rubbings reproduced on pages 20 to 33 are from tomb bricks and tiles of the Han Dynasty

(207 B.C. - 220 A.D.) found in Sichuan Province, China. )

Dr. & Mrs. Edward H. Levi Mrs. Frederick W. Spiegel Total Gifts, Mrs. Glen A. Lloyd (Ruth & Frederick Spiegel Mr. & Mrs. Robert H. Malott Foundation I H. H. Butler Bequests, (Camalott Charitable Foundation) Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Roger W. Stone and Grants Mr. & Mrs. Carter H. Manny, Jr. (Roger & Susan Stone Family Dr. & Mrs. Richard E. Marcus Foundation)

Mr. & Mrs. Edward Matz, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. William S. Street Cirilo McSween (The Seattle Foundation) mmmmm 1985 ~ $1, 561,817 (25%) Mr. & Mrs. William McDonough Dr. & Mrs. Robert H. Strotz J. $386,978 (6%) ' Mr. & Mrs. Andrew McKenna, Jr. Mrs. James Swartchild ^ $831,132 (14%) Mr. & Mrs. Allen C. Menke (Co/lier-Swartchild Foundation) ™"^^^^^™ $2,493,174 (41%) (Menke Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. John W. Taylor, Jr. Miller Mr. Mrs. John W.Taylor III ™™ $874,090 (14%) Mrs. J. Roscoe & Mr. & Mrs. Philip B. Miller Mr. & Mrs. Bruce Thorne Total: $6,147,191 Miner-Weisz Charitable Mr. & Mrs. Paul Vogel Foundation Harold K. Voris

Mr. & Mrs. Newton N. Minow Mr. & Mrs. R. B.Walsh, Jr. ^^^^^™ $1,595,207 (19%) (Minow Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Hempstead 1986 ^ $358,258 (4%) Mr. & Mrs. Leo F. Mullin Washburne, Jr. Miss Jeanne E. Murray Mrs. Imy Wax ^™ $625,265 (8%) Hisazo Nagatani Mr. & Mrs. Roderick S. Webster $4,477,767 (54%) Col. Mrs. John B. Naser Mr. & Mrs. William L. Weiss & ^"""™ $1,232,994 (15%) BN Trust) (William L. &Josephine B. (J Total: $8,289,491 Mr. & Mrs. Stephen C. Neal Weiss Foundation) Abbie L. Nelson Mr. & Mrs. John L. Welsh III Mr. & Mrs. Edward Neisser (McCrea Foundation) Mrs. B. Kenneth West ^^mmmm ( The Neisser Fund) 1987 SI, 633,257 (19%) Mr. & Mrs. John Doane Nichols Dr.* & Mrs. Louis O. Williams $455,155 (5%) Mr. & Mrs. John K. Notz, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Philip C. Williams $247,439 (3%) Mr. & Mrs. James O'Connor Mr. & Mrs. Paul C. Wilson J. $4,707,580 (55%) Mr. & Mrs. Paul W. Oliver, Jr. James R. Wimmer $1,496,781 (18%) Harry D. Oppenheimer II Winnetka Garden Club

(Oppenheimer Family Mrs. J. Howard Wood Total: $8,540,212 Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. William Wood-Prince

Mr. & Mrs. James Otis, Jr. Claire Zeisler Mr. & Mrs. Donald W. Patterson 1988 ^^^"™ $1,951,155 (18%) (The Warwick Foundation) $493,684 (4%) Mr. & Mrs. James R. Patton, Jr. ™"^^™ Mrs. Pauline Yacktman Petre $100 TO $999 $1,838,112(77%; (Pauline Yacktman Foundation $4,897,390 (45%)

Mr. & Mrs.* Richard J. Phelan Anonymous $1,755,182 (16%) Mr. Mrs. Allan Pickus Mrs. Lester S. Abelson & M. Total: $10,935,523 Mr. & Mrs. John Pusinelli (Lester S. Abelson Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Neil K. Quinn Alicia Ann Adams Audree M. Ragan Estate Mrs. Keene H. Addington ^^^^ Mr. & Mrs. Frank A. Reichelderfer Mr. & Mrs. Joseph Adlesick 1989 $1,848,348 (22%) Mr. & Mrs.Thomas A. Reynolds, Jr. Katharine D. Agar ^ $1,064,317 (12%) Mr. & Mrs. John M. Richman Janet AgranofI $570,599 (7%) George N. Ross Estate Mr. & Mrs. Edward K. Aldworth ^«i^^— $2,938,585 (35%) John W. Ruettinger Estate Sharon A. & M. Mehdi Alister $2,065,774 (24%) Mr. & Mrs. John S. Runnells Mr. & Mrs. Stanley N. Allan Total: $8,487,623 Mr. & Mrs. Patrick G. Ryan Dorothy K. Allen Mr. & Mrs. Thomas R. Sanders Mr. & Mrs. Thomas D. Allen Mr. & Mrs. Robert E. Sargent Mr.* & Mrs. James W. Alsdorf Mr. & Mrs. Charles E. Schroeder (AbdorfFoundation) ^mmm 1990 $2,051,140 (18%) (The Schroeder Foundation) Julius Alvarez $1,271,875 (11%) Mr. & Mrs. William L. Searle Mr. & Mrs. J. Robert Anderson $1,446,231 (13%) Mr. & Mrs. Richard J. L. Senior Mr. & Mrs. John Anderson $4,621,670 (40%) (The Morgan-Senior Mr. & Mrs. Kimball R. Anderson Foundation) Sandra K. Anderson $2,056,093 (18%) Mr. & Mrs. Henry Shapiro Mr. & Mrs. Scott M. Anderson Total: $11,447,009 (Soretta & Henry Shapiro Thomas W. Andrews

Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Lester J. Anixter

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas C. Sheffield, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Bennett Archambault 1 Unrestricted Giving 1 Capital Mr. & Mrs. John R. Siragusa Mr. & Mrs. Angelo R. Arena 1 Restricted Giving 1 Government Grants Mr. & Mrs. Jackson W. Smart, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. David Ashbach Mr. & Mrs. Malcolm N. Smith 'Bequests & Endowments Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Byron Smith 'Deceased 26 Mr. & Mrs. Thomas G. Ayers Marie Kraemer Burnside Clarence Curtis Richard Badger/Inge Fryklund Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Burrows Gertrude L. Curtis

Mrs. Warner G. Baird, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Clark Burrus Dr. & Mrs. Robert P. Cutler Edwardine M. Baker Rhett W. Butler Mr. & Mrs. William Czerwinski

Mr. & Mrs. Paul E. Baker (Butler Family Foundation) Casimer J. Czochara, Jr.

Lance C. Balk Mr. & Mrs. Dean C. Byrd Thomas J. Czubak Dr. & Mrs. Eugene L. Baiter Mr. & Mrs. Gregory D. Byrne Dr. & Mrs. Anthony M. Mr. & Mrs. James H. Bankard Mr. & Mrs. Robert D. Cadieux D Agostino

Walter Baranowski (Cadieux Charitable Trust) Mr. & Mrs. Ernest A. Dahl, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. Norbert J. Barbahen Eleanor F. Caldwell Mr. & Mrs. DinoJ. D'Angelo Callicott A. Daniels Dr. &Mrs. J. W. Barnes Mr. & Mrs. L. Bradley Mr. & Mrs. John Jane E. Barnett John F. Calmeyn Mr. & Mrs. Ken M. Davee Mr. & Mrs. E. Keith Barns Mr. & Mrs. Douglas H. Cameron (The Davee Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. John E. Barrett Mr. & Mrs. John G. Campbell Mrs. Leonard S. Davidow Mr. & Mrs. Robert Baumgarten Mr. & Mrs. Kyle L. Campbell Charles A. Davis Lawrence W. Bay Mrs. Robert A. Carr Mr. & Mrs. Marvin Davis Mrs. George R. Beach Mr. & Mrs. Walter A. Carson Wendell K. Decker Mrs. Robert A. Beatty Beatrice Carter Mrs. Emmett Dedmon

Virginia L. & William K. Beatty Dr. & Mrs. Robert Wells Carton Mr. & Mrs. Louis H. T. Dehmlow Mrs. James H. Becker Dr. & Mrs. Ramon E. Casas Ruth M. A. Denn

Dr. Helen R. Beiser Mr. 8c Mrs. Brian J. Casey Mr. & Mrs. Charles Dennehy Dr. Nenad Belie/Ellen Stone Belie Mrs. Jack Cavcnaugh Mr. & Mrs. Jack Der Kacy

Mr. & Mrs. William H. Bell, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Hammond E. Amy T. Dickinson

Coburn Bennett Chaffetz (Chaffetz Family Mrs. William R. Dickinson, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. Edward H. Bennett, Jr. Foundation) Paul Dickman Scientific Mrs. B. Edward Bensinger Mrs. Jerry G. Chambers Michael O. Dillon Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Bent Mr. & Mrs. Raymond M. Mr. & Mrs. William S. Dillon A. Dimeo Iiiustration Mr. & Mrs. Harry O. Bercher Champion, Jr. Rocco Richard A. Bergdahl Mr. & Mrs. Henry T. Chandler Mrs. Wesley M. Dixon

Four Field Museum artists Richard S. Berger Michael F. Chaneske Patricia Dodson produce illustrations of Mrs. Byron E. Besse Elvin E. Chariry/Roxanne M. Ward Dr. Robert D. Dooley Mr. Mrs. Michael A. Bilandic Mrs. Mary V. Chen Dr. & Mrs. Erl Dordal specimens and artifacts to & Mr. & Mrs. Kendrick D. G. Bisset Mr. & Mrs. Walter L. Cherry Ron Dorfman supplement the research of Carolyn P. Blackmon (Virginia B. & Walter L. Mr. & Mrs. James Doughan the curatorial staff. They Mr. & Mrs. Bowen Blair Cherry Trust) James C. Dowdle employ a broad range of Mrs. Frank W. Blatchford III Mr. & Mrs. W. T. Chester Robert A. Duewerth

techniques, but each has Mr. & Mrs. Joseph L. Block Mr. & Mrs. August C. Chidichimo Mrs. Robert J. Duffy

refined a particular style: Mr. & Mrs. Nelson C. Block William G. Chorn Mr. & Mrs. Donald Dugan

Mrs. Philip D. Block, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Richard C. Christian Dr. & Mrs. George Dunea Zbigniew Jastrzebski Mrs. Edwin R. Blomquist Dr. & Mrs. Kenneth W. Ciriacks Mr. & Mrs. Maurice F. Dunne, Jr. specializes in pencil or pen Mrs. Harlan G. Bogie Mr. & Mrs. Donald C. Clark Mr. & Mrs. Joseph P. Durrett ink stipple renderings of and James Bohnen Dorothy Clissold Dr. & Mrs. Gerald Dusza

skeletal structures and Merlin Bohse Mr. & Mrs. Harry B. Clow, Jr. Donna G. Earl

reconstruction of pottery; Richard E. Boice Gregory Coakley Robert J. Eck Dr. Brian Mr. Mrs. Charles E. Collopy Mr. Mrs. Robert C. Edwards Clara Richardson-Simpson in M. Boom & & Jeffrey W. Boyar Walter Compton (Woodruff& Edwards line and stipple Mr. & Mrs. Stanley D. Boyer Janet N. Connor Foundation) representations of zoological Mrs. Nancy Brandt Mr. & Mrs. Stanton R. Cook Mr. & Mrs. John W. Elias paleontological and Mrs. Lester Harris Brill Mrs. Edward A. Cooper Mr. & Mrs. Larry Elkins

specimens; Marlene Werner in Mr. & Mrs. Charles A. Brizzolara Mrs. Gale C. Corley J. Thomas Eller using carbon dust and scratch Margaret Broch Gerald Corrigan Mr. & Mrs. E.W.Elliott, Jr. Robert Mr. Mrs. E. Coughlin Dr. & Mrs. James P. Elmes board techniques; and Zorica H. Brooke & Joseph Mr. & Mrs. Robert E. Brooker Mr. & Mrs. James R. Coulter Mrs. Josephine F. Elting Dabich in crow quill drawings T. Kimball Brooker Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Cousins, Jr. Mrs. Marjorie H. Elting of botanical subjects and Mr. & Mrs. Cameron Brown Roger E. Covey Daniel N. Epstein water color paintings of South (Cameron Brown Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth R. Cowan Mr. & Mrs. John W. Estey American monkeys. Jennifer Martin Brown Mr. & Mrs. Frank R. Crisafulli Dr. & Mrs. Richard H. Evans

(The Martin Foundation, Inc.) Carta S. Crofoot Lucy F. Fairbank

Jerry Lee Brown / Evelyn Priebe Wayne C. Cross Edith H. Falk Josiah Brown Mrs. Sandra K. Crown Mrs. John V. Farwell IV Fasseas Mr. & Mrs. Albert J. Browne Paul F. Cruikshank Peter A. Mrs. T. von Donop Buddington Mr. & Mrs. Herschel Cudd Mrs. Irene H. Fausr Dr. & Mrs. Andrew D. Bunta David W. Cugell, M.D. Harry & Arlene Feiger

Dr. & Mrs. William C. Burger Mr. John F. Cuneo, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Meyer Feldberg

Mrs. Gunnar Burgeson (The Cuneo Foundation) Mr. & Mrs.Warren L.Fellingham, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Robert G. Burkhardt Mr. & Mrs. Christopher Lin Mr. John R. Fenner

Donald E. Burney Cunnison Robert J. Ferrari Mrs. Joseph A. Burnham Kenneth H. Currier Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Ferris Mrs. Robert Fesmire Mr. & Mrs. Thomas R. Hanson Unrestricted Mr. & Mrs. Paul Fisher Irving B. Harris Mr. & Mrs. Irving S. Fishman Philip Harris / Claire Hartfield Giving Mr. & Mrs. Henry G. Fitts, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Nelson K. Harrison Mr. & Mrs. William Florian Karen R. Harsha Mr. & Mrs. A. Robert Florio 111 James W. Hart Mr. & Mrs. Dwight W. Follett Kyle L. Harvey Mr. & Mrs. Francis G. Foster, Jr. Dr. William A. Haseltine 1985 '$559,088 (36%) Robert H. Foulkes Dr. Mrs. Malcolm H. Hast Dr. & Mrs. & ' $213,700 (14%) Mrs. Hubert D. Fox Clarence M. Hatfield $789,028 (50%) Mr. & Mrs. Earl Frederick Mr. & Mrs. F. William Hauschildt J. Total: $1,561,817 Mr. & Mrs. Cyrus F. Freidheim, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Marty Hauselman The Friday Club Mr. & Mrs. David C. Hawley Mr. & Mrs. William D. Frost Mr. & Mrs. Alfred H. Hayes

" Mr. & Mrs. Maurice F. Fulton Maryann C. Hayes 1986 1 $498,149 (31%) (Maurice & Muriel Fulton Mr. & Mrs. Daniel R. Hayman 5305,200 (19%) Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Edward S. Healy $791,858 (50%) Donald I. Funk. M.D. Mr. & Mrs. J. Duncan Healy Total: $1,595,207 Dan Galardy Josephine Hedges

Dr. & Mrs. John S. Garvin Wayne E. & Colette J. Hedien Mr. & Mrs. John S. Gates James L. Heller Mr. & Mrs. Stephen F. Gates Mr. & Mrs. Duncan Y. Henderson 1987 '$587,200 (36%) Mr. Mrs. James Gavin, Mr. Mrs. Thomas R. Hengehold & J. Jr. & '$187,000 (11%) Mr. & Mrs. Paul G. Gebhard Mr. & Mrs. Henry Henke J. '$859,057 (53%) Mr. & Mrs. Raymond I. Mary Ellen Hennessy Total: $1,633,257 Geraldson, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Harold H. Hensold. Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Bernard C. Gerber Derral R. Herbst Mr. & Mrs. Stephen A. Gerlicher Norman Hessler Mr. & Mrs. Robert B. Gerrie EdnaM. Hill 1988 '$558,256 (29%) Mr. Mrs. William Gibbons Mr. Mrs. Stacy H. Hill & J. & '$302,150 (16%) Mr. & Mrs. James Gidwitz Mr. & Mrs. David Lea Hillis '$1,040,750 (55%) Joseph L. Gidwitz Mr. & Mrs. Edward Hines Total: $1,951,155 Mr. & Mrs. Gerald P. Giese Mrs. Harold H. Hines, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Richard A. Giesen Mr. & Mrs. John L. Hines

Mr. & Mrs. William A. Gifford, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Donald M. Hintz

Mr. & Mrs. George Gilbert Mrs. Edwin F. Hirsch l 1989 $563,697 (31 . Mr. & Mrs. Alfred E. Gladding Mr. & Mrs. Joel S. Hirsch $262,700 (14%) Mrs. James J. Glasser Dr. & Mrs. Jerome H. $1,021,951 (55%) (D&RFund) Hirschmann Total: $1,848,348 Mr. & Mrs. Henry J. Glinsman Edward B. Hirshfeld Thomas W. Goldberg Mrs. Richard H. Hobbs Dr. & Mrs. Julian R. Goldsmith Joel Hochberg Mr. & Mrs. John T. Golitz Mr. & Mrs. Larry Hochberg J. 1990 $466,452 (23%) Mr. & Mrs. Roberto Gonzalez Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth P. Hoekstra $253,580 1 12%) Mr. & Mrs. David E. Good Harry Hoffman* 1 $1,331,108 (65%) Morris F. Goodman Mr. & Mrs. Thomas J. Hoffmann Total: $2,051,140 Edward Gordon John A. Holabird, Jr.

Lawrence W. Gougler Craig J. Holderness Dr. & Mrs. John G. Graham Mr. & Mrs. David B. Horn Mary Jo Green Mr. & Mrs. Charles R. Horwitz Corporations Mr. & Mrs. Thomas V. Greene Mr. & Mrs. Allen F. Hosticka 1 Foundations Mr. & Mrs. Seymour Greenman Mr. & Mrs. Karl Humbert 'Individual & Family Foundations Colonel & Mrs. Clifford C. Gregg Mr. & Mrs. Philip W. Hummer Mr. & Mrs. George Price Grieve Marjorie M. Humphrey Mr. & Mrs. Wayne Grobarcik Mrs. Harvey Huston Mr. & Mrs. John Grochowski Mrs. Chauncey Keep Hutchins Note: This chart details the "Unrestricted Giving" Mr. & Mrs. Edmund Gronkiewicz Mr. & Mrs. Howard H. column shown in the "Total Gifts, Bequests, and Grants" Lewis & Misty Gruber Hutchinson chart on Page 25. Mr. & Mrs. Carl A. Grunschel Mrs. W. F. Huter Dr. & Mrs. RolfM.Gunnar Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Hyndman Mr. & Mrs. Robert C. Gunness Dr. & Mrs. Stanley O. Ikenberry Delores H. Gustafson Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Ingersoll Dr. & Mrs. Ralph F. Haag Dr. Dominique Irvine Mrs. Burton W. Hales Ellen Isaacson (Hales Charitable Fund) Sue B. Ish Mr. & Mrs. Harry C. Hall Dr. & Mrs. Michael Jablon

Mr. & Mrs. J. Parker Hall Ernestine Hambrik, M.D. * Deceased 28 Dr. Lauren Krent Jacker Duane R. Kullberg Mr. & Mrs.John R.Montgomery III Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Jacob Mercedes Anita Laing Mr. & Mrs. Carl E. Moore

Mr. & Mrs. Frederick G. Jaicks Mr. & Mrs. Arthur La Velle Mrs. Carolyn S. Moore

Gordon K. James, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Marshall S. Leaf Mrs. Remo Morelli

Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth J. James Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Leet Juliet Morgan

Mr. & Mrs. Joseph E. Jannotta, Jr. (Leet Charitable Trust) Scott A. Mori/Carol Gracie Mr. & Mrs. Brian Colt Jerome Mr. & Mrs. David M. Lefkow Mr. & Mrs. John H. Morrison

Dr. Timothy A. Johns Bernice H. Lehmann Gregory M. Mueller / Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Johnson Hon. & Mrs. George N. Leighton Betty A. Strack Robert L. Johnson Frederick R. Lent Mr. &Mrs. Roger William Charles B. Jones Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence R. Levin Mueller

Phyllis A. Jones Mr. & Mrs. Fred J. Levy Mr. & Mrs. Aidan I. Mullett

Robert J. Jordan Dr. & Mrs. Michael S. Lewis Mr. & Mrs. Robert W. Mundstock

William K. Jordan 11 Mary E. Liebman Mr. & Mrs. Charles A. Munn III Mr. & Mrs. Thomas P. Joyce Charlotte T. Lindar-Gorbunoff Nina A. Murphy

Mr. & Mrs. Paul R. Judy Camille Lione Richard J. Murphy Marjorie June Mrs. Richard G. Lione Ann E. Murray

Edward J. Juracek Mr. & Mrs. Robert S. Lipsky Dr. Mary Aileen Murray Mr. & Mrs. Joseph E. Kalsch Mrs. F. Chapin Litten Barbara Murtha

Philip J. Kania M. Susan Lopez Dr. & Mrs. Charles F. Nadler In The Field Dr. & Mrs. Alan Kanter David B. Love Mr. & Mrs. Charles F. Nadler, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Bernard Karlin Mrs. Rena I. Lozins Mrs. Joseph E. Nathan The Museum's new Eugene Kart Bettina R. Mac Ayeal Lois E. Natusch Mr. &C Mrs. Byron C. Karzas Mr. & Mrs. Walter M. Mack Dr. Mrs. Charles R. Neach membership publication, In the &

Mary Kay Karzas Mr. & Mrs. William J. Mack Mr. & Mrs. Earl L. Neal Field: The Bulletin of the Field Mr. & Mrs. Edward L. Kasper Mr. & Mrs. William O. Maddocks Mr. & Mrs. Cary L. Neiman Museum of Natural History, Dorothy A. Keating Mr. & Mrs. John W. Madigan Mr. & Mrs. Norman W. Nelson premiered in July 1990 with Catherine M. Keebler Mr. & Mrs. Samuel A. Mages Patricia A. Nemeth news of the discovery by Field Mrs. Richard L. Keller Mrs. Patricia A. Magon Thomas B. Nendick R. Kelley R. Museum researchers in Mrs. Norman Mr. & Mrs. William Mahoney Mr. & Mrs. Jerome J. Nerenberg Mr. & Mrs. John S. Kellogg, Sr. Francis M. Malone Mr. & Mrs. Alan Nesburg Madagascar of a living

Dr. & Mrs. Daniel J. Kelly Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Manchee Dr. & Mrs. Lorin I. Nevling, Jr. population of red-tailed Mr. & Mrs. Donald P. Kelly Dr. & Mrs. Arthur Marc Ralph G. Newman Newtonia (above), a bird long Mr. & Mrs. Thomas A. Kelly Mr. & Mrs. Alfred J. Marks Mr. & Mrs. Donald Newton thought to be extinct. The Mrs. A. Frederick Kempe James A. Marshall Christine Niezgoda bimonthly newspaper features Joseph F. Kindlon Mr. & Mrs. Joseph Matta Diana L. Nolan Margaret Mertz King Mr. Mrs. Robert T. E. articles by curators and others & Matz Mr. & Mrs. Donald Nordlund Neil King Mrs. David Mayer Lucille Ann Nunes on the Museum's research Dr. Steven R. King Mrs. Frank D. Mayer Mrs. John Nuveen activities and public programs, Mrs. William T. Kirk, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Frank D. Mayer, Jr. Paul R. Nylander highlights and events of Bruce Klefstad Mr. & Mrs. George Barr Marjorie E. Nystrom

interest to members. Edward T. Klunk McCutcheon II Mrs. Anton Oberhuber

Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Koenig Mr. & Mrs. Wayne McDaniel Mr. & Mrs. Maurice J. O'Brien

Dr. Vilma L. Kohn Clarence T. McDonald, Jr. (M. J. Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. Daniel B. Kokes Mr. & Mrs. William H. McElnea Therese M. Obringer

Mr. & Mrs. Martin J. Koldyke Dr. & Mrs. Ernest G. McEwen Paul E. Ogle

(Koldyke Family Foundation) Mr. & Mrs. John E. McGovern, Jr. Thomas R. Okleshen Leonard Kolender Mr. & Mrs. John P. McHugh Carl B. Olson Barry Konig Mr. & Mrs. Harold F. McKay Mrs. Norman Olson (Katherine L. Robert W. Kopaczewski Dr. & Mrs. Peter McKinney Olson Charitable Foundation)

Mr. & Mrs. Edward Kopp Mr. & Mrs. Andrew J. McMillan Mr. & Mrs. Ralph Thomas O'Neil Dr. Richard Korf Mr. & Mrs. Ben McQueen Mrs. Harry D. Oppenheimer II

Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth Kostal Mrs. Eugene J. McVoy Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Oppman Howard G. Krane Elisabeth C. Meeker Mr. & Mrs. Richard C. Oughton Mr. & Mrs. Lee V. Kremer Mr. & Mrs. John C. Meeker Mr. & Mrs. Ray E. Over Mr. & Mrs. Frederich A. Kremple Mr. & Mrs. Henry W. Meers David T. Owsley Mr. & Mrs. Warren R. Kremske (Henry W. Meers Fund) Mr. & Mrs. Willard C. Packard

Timothy J. Kress Ernst Melchior Mr. &C Mrs. Samuel Papanek III

Mrs. Irwin E. Kretchmer Charles W. Melind Dr. & Mrs. William L. Parish, Jr.

Scott Krueger Nancy F. Meloy Mr. & Mrs. William J. Parker, Jr.

Mr. & Mrs. James A. Kuehnle Mr. & Mrs. Hugo J. Melvoin Bonnie P. Pashkow Mrs. Herman Menzel Mr. & Mrs. Monroe B. Passis Mr. & Mrs. Joseph M. Michaels Cathy Patrick George F. Mihelic Bruce Patterson Norman A. Miller Mrs. O. Macrae Patterson

Mr. & Mrs. Paul J. Miller Mr. & Mrs. Richard D. Patterson

Rebecca Anne Miller Mr. & Mrs. William J. Pavey Mrs. Robert Montes Mr. & Mrs. Carleton Pearl Frederic C. Pearson Mr. & Mrs. William A. Rowe 29 Mary Chase Pell H. Nelson Rowley III

Marianne F. Perkins Mr. & Mrs. Ernest J. Rua, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Julian S. Pern- Don Ruegg

Richard E. Petit Mr. & Mrs. I. W. Ruge Dr. & Mrs. C. B. Petty-Weeks Saul & Beverlee Ruman Mr. & Mrs. John Phillips Mr. & Mrs. Charles T. Ruppman Mr. & Mrs. A. A. Pickering Nancy Tamm Ruscitti Mr. & Mrs. Richard Pigott Mary A. Russell Jeffrey M. Pines Dr. John H. Rust Membership Mr. & Mrs. Carl M. Plochman III Mrs. Shirley A. Sallas Mr. & Mrs. Bernard G. Pollack Mr. 8c Mrs. Gerald B. Salrzberg Three members won trips to Hawaii and another a trip to New (Mary Jane & Bernard Pollack Mr. & Mrs. Quentin E. Samuelson Zealand in raffles during the three-night members' previews of Foundation) Norman L. Sandfield "Traveling the Pacific" I November 1989) and "Pacific Spirits" Mr. & Mrs. Walter Polner Mr. & Mrs. Joseph N. Sargo (November 1990). A special program featuring talks by Pacific Mr. & Mrs. Kenneth N. Pontikes Regina M. Sariol exhibit developers in August 1989 drew more than 1,000 members Mrs. George A. Poole Mr. & Mrs. Dante G. Scarpelli Mr. & Mrs. Charles D. Porter Mr. & Mrs. George Schaaf

Mr. & Mrs. David Poster Mr. & Mrs. William J. Schaefle Jamie Ann Potash Mr. & Mrs. Henry F. Schiele

Mr. & Mrs. Charles S. Potter Mr. & Mrs. Eric M. Schiller

Mr. & Mrs. Newell Pottorf Dr. Laurence D. Schiller / Prairie Woods Audubon Society Cathleen A. Weigley Mr. & Mrs. Harvey Pranian Mr. & Mrs. Richard H. Schnadig Dr. & Mrs. Kenneth Printen Dr. & Mrs. A. Schoenberger J. J. Attendance Mr. & Mrs. Dale A. Pritkin Mrs. Robert J. Schofield

Mrs. Virginia F. Pullman Ray J. Schoonhoven Mr. & Mrs. James A. Radtke Mr. & Mrs. Rodd M. Schreiber Mr. & Mrs. Norman X. Raidl Dr. & Mrs. Robert F. Schroeder Anthony Ramirez Richard E. Schultes 1985 1,089,167 Mr. & Mrs. Alan Ramsay Mrs. Elizabeth M. Schultz

George A. Rannev, Sr. Calvin Selfridge Mr. & Mrs. James H. Ransom Mr. & Mrs. Bruce Sents 1986 1,165,027 Mr. &£ Mrs. Roy A. Rauschenberg Mr. & Mrs. Charles E. Sertich Dr. Peter H. Raven Mr. & Mrs. C. Olin Sethness 1987 1,156,184 Dr. & Mrs. William R. Reed Mr. & Mrs. John Shad Mr. & Mrs. H. Thomas Mr. & Mrs. Charles H. Shaw i^" 1,332,707 Reepmeyer John M. Shay 1988 Miss Ruth Regenstein Dr. & Mrs. Mitchell B. Sheinkop Lewis W. Reich Mr. & Mrs. Steve Sheldon 1989 ^^ 1,498,208 Mrs. Robert W. Reneker Julie P. Shelton Rovvena M. Rennie Melissa A. Shennan 1990 ^^^™ 1,465,938 Dr. & Mrs. Richard W. Renwick John G. Shields Mr. & Mrs. Harold Reskin Dr. Robert W. Shoemaker Mrs. Merle Reskin Lauretta Silver! Mr. & Mrs. Don H. Reuben Michael Silverstein Mr. & Mrs. Joseph E. Rich Mrs. John M. Simpson Mr. & Mrs. R. Norton Richards Mrs. Gerald A. Sivage

Dr. E. P. Richardson, Jr. Mrs. Frank A. Slauf Mrs. Samuel A. Rinella Mr. & Mrs. Guy Slaughter

Mr. & Mrs. Donald J. Rippert Susan A. Sloma Dr. & Mrs. W. R. Risk Mr. & Mrs. Bruce M. Smith Mr. & Mrs. Harry V. Roberts Mrs. Gordon Smith Penelope Robinson Jackie Smith Rhonda Rochambeau Mrs. Lawrence D. Smith

Mr. & Mrs. H. P. Davis Rockwell Louise K. Smith Mr. & Mrs. Frederick Roe Mr. & Mrs. Worthington L. Smith (Milius Roe Foundation) James E. Smittkamp

Mrs. Ward C. Rogers Mr. & Mrs. John F. Sohl Mr. & Mrs. Edward M. Roob Mrs. Gatzert Spiegel Mr. & Mrs. John Rose Michael & Judith Spock Dr. & Mrs. Robert L. Rosen Dr. & Mrs. Max Rosenberg Sarah R. Rosenbloom Mr. & Mrs. Joseph A. Rosin Elizabeth B. Roth Mr. & Mrs. Gordon G. Rothrock Lawrence Rowan 30 Mr. & Mrs. E. Norman Staub Malcolm M. Walker Special Gifts: Robert J. Stavigna Mr. & Mrs. Tommy Walker Mr. & Mrs. Allan I. Steinberg Mr. & Mrs. David L. Wallace Restricted Mr. & Mrs. Gardner H. Stern Mr. & Mrs. E. Worthington Mr. & Mrs. Harry L. Stern Walters Capital, and Mr. & Mrs. Adlai E. Stevenson III Mrs. Thomas M. Ware

Hal S. R. Stewart Mr. & Mrs. Daniel Warkenthien Endowed Mr. & Mrs. Frederick H. Stitt Mr. & Mrs. John S. Warner Funds Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Stocker Mr. & Mrs. Michael A. Warner

Mr. & Mrs. Francis H. Straus II Mr. & Mrs. Russell V. Watts Mr. & Mrs. Jacob C. Stuck! Mrs. E. Leland Webber Corporations and Dr. & Mrs. Robert Study Dr. & Mrs. Arnold R. Weber Foundations Mr. & Mrs. Barry F. Sullivan Mr. & Mrs. Henry Wehr

Mr. & Mrs. Bert O. Sullivan, Jr. Michael E. Weiner Mr. & Mrs. John W. Sullivan Carey Weiss (Susan R. &]ohn W. Sullivan Mrs. John Paul Welling* $100,000 and Above Foundation) Mrs. Daniel R. Welsh Foundation, Inc. Mr. & Mrs. James L. Surpless Dr. & Mrs. Rupert L. Wenzel Amoco Aon Corporation Mrs. William G. Swartchild, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Henry P. Wheeler Chicago Trust Mr. & Mrs. Jack A. Swelstad Mr. & Mrs. Curtis R. Whisler The Community Mr. & Mrs. Arthur T. Swick Dr. & Mrs. Walter W. Whisler Elizabeth Ferguson Trust The Field Foundation of Illinois, Inc. Mr. & Mrs. Edward F. Swift III Mr. & Mrs. Richard R. The Joyce Foundation Mrs. Gustavus F. Swift, Jr. Whitaker.Jr. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Mr. & Mrs. Theodore P. Swift Mr. & Mrs. Lee E. Whitcomb The John D. and Catherine T. The New Mr. & Mrs. James B. Tafel Mr. & Mrs. Miles D. White Nina Tai Willard E. White MacArthur Foundation Robert R. McCormick Charitable Explorers Jackie L. Tajiri Eldon L. Whiteside Mr. & Mrs. Terence Tanner Mr. & Mrs. Lawson E. Trust The Regenstein Foundation The Museum's Education Bill S. Taylor Whitesides, Jr. The Daniel F. and Ada L.Rice Department, working with a Carol G. Taylor Sally M. Whiting L. Constance Foundation group of Chicago teachers, the Dr. & Mrs. Roy Taylor Wiedeman John W. Terborgh Mr. & Mrs. Thornton B. Wierum Sears, Roebuck & Co. University of Chicago Lab Mr. & Mrs. Richard L. Thomas Mr. & Mrs. Clyde F. Willian School, and Argonne National Marilyn Thompson Mrs. Benton J. Willner Laboratory, developed a Mr. & Mrs. Prasong Thongsai (Madeline & Henry Straus $10,000 TO $99,999 curriculum for fourth- to Mr. & Mrs. John L. Thoresdale Endowment Fund) The Allstate Foundation eighth-graders to accompany Mrs. Theodore D. Tieken, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Lanny Wilson Industries Foundation Karl Tilton Mr. & Mrs. Robert H. Wilson Amsted the "Islands in the Jungle" The Baxter Foundation Paul E. Tobin Mr. & Mrs. Timothy R. Wilson episode of The New Explorers, Nobuo Tokunaga John T. Winburn Beatrice Foundation the PBS television series The Chase Manhattan Corporation Mr. & Mrs. William J. Townsley Barbara K. Wing produced by Museum trustee Mr. & Mrs. Ronald Tracy Mr. & Mrs. Elwyn C. Winland Elizabeth F. Cheney Foundation ' Comdisco Inc. Bill Kurtis. The series aims to Victor R. Trautwein, Sr. John W.Winn Commonwealth Edison Company teach science and to interest Mr. & Mrs. Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. Nancy Corwith Hamill Winter DeSoto Foundation Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Tubergen Mr. & Mrs. Robert E. Wise The students in scientific careers Norman Tucker Mr. & Mrs. Albert H. Wohlers R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company by personalizing scientific Mr. & Mrs. Frank Q. Tuma Mr. & Mrs. John C. Wolfe Fel-Pro/MeckJenburger Foundation adventure and discovery. First National Bank of Chicago Dr. & Mrs. William D. Turnbull Sheffield Wolk ("Islands" features the work of Mrs. C. Perin Tyler Mrs. Peter Wolkonsky Foundation FMC Foundation Field Museum researchers in Matilda J. Tyler Arthur M. Wood Dr. Mrs. Edward Unger Henry C. Wood, GE Foundation Peru.) The Museum is the & Jr. Geraldi-Norton Memorial Mr. & Mrs. James Vallely Mrs. Frank H. Woods repository for tapes of the Mrs. Herbert A. Vance Mary H. Woodward Corporation series, which are available for Helene Curtis Industries Inc. Lillian Vanek George C. Wright William Randolph Hearst loan to teachers along with Sandra E. Van Tilburg Mr. & Mrs. Merle Wyld Foundation teaching materials and hands- Mr. & Mrs. Theodore W. Van Mr. & Mrs. Bruce A. Young, Jr. Walter E. Heller Foundation on activities for students. Zelst (Minann, Inc.) Mrs. George B. Young Illinois Tool Works Inc. Mr. Mrs. Jeffrey S. Vender Mr. & Mrs. Mark Zalatoris Amoco Corp. and Waste & George Vernon Mr. & Mrs. Max Zar Kemper Educational & Charitable Management, Inc. have Mr. & Mrs. William Taylor Mr. & Mrs. Carl A. Zehner Foundation helped subsidize a national Vickers Mr. & Mrs. Merrill Zenner Kemper Financial Services, Inc. James S. Kemper Foundation marketing campaign for the Mr. & Mrs. Gary S. Visconti Mr. & Mrs. Frank O. Kraft General Foods teaching materials. A second Mr. & Mrs. Frank E. Voysey Zimmermann Bertha LeBus Charitable Trust year of the series is in Robert W. Wadsworth Lois Zoller Louis R. Lurie Foundation Mr. & Mrs. S. A. Wagner production, and the Museum Mr. & Mrs. George M. Walker Midcon Corporation is again participating in Gift in Trust: Morton International

curriculum development. ' Deceased Mrs. Glen A. Lloyd National Boulevard Foundation GTE Automatic Electric 31 The Northern Trust Company Laboratories, Inc. John Nuveen and Co. Hascek-Melville Corporation Polk Bros. Foundation Hutchinson, Shockey, Erley Co. The Quaker Oats Foundation Illinois Bell The Rockefeller Foundation IMCERA Group Ronald McDonald Children's International Business Machines Charities Corporation Saferv-Kleen Corp. Sara Lee Kirkland & Ellis Foundation LaSalle National Bank Benefactors Dr. Scholl Foundation Maytag Corporation Foundation Simpson Trust Foundation McDonald's Corporation Sustaining Benefactors are individuals, foundations, and The Siragusa Foundation Mobil Foundation, Inc. corporations whose cumulative contributions total $1,000,000 or Susman & Asher Foundation Moore Business Forms, Inc. more. During 1989 and 1990, the following individuals were Touche Ross and Co. Motorola Foundation formally recognized as Sustaining Benefactors for their United .Airlines Foundation Northern Illinois Gas exceptional generosity: Mr. and Mrs. Jack C. Staehle and Mr. and Walgreen Co. Ogilvy & Mather, Inc. Mrs. Theodore D. Tiecken. (Theodore D. Tieken passed away on Harrv Weese & Associates Philip Morris Incorporated Wm. Wrigleyjr. Company Rubloff, Inc. January 24, 1990. Santa Fe Pacific Museum Benefactors are individuals, foundations, and Schal Associates corporations whose cumulative contributions total $100,000 or $5,000 to $9,999 Seattle Foundation Trust Fund Shell Companies Foundation, Inc. more. During 1989 and 1990, the following individuals and family

American National Bank |. Walter Thompson foundations were formally recognized as Museum Benefactors: Foundation USG Foundation, Inc. Kelley Armour AT & T Foundation Winston & Strawn Mrs. Pamela Bridgestone/Firestone Xerox Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Richard Cooper

Leo Burnett USA (The Richard H. Cooper Foundation) Centel Corporation The Arie and Ida Crown Memorial CR Industries $100 to $999 Mr. and Mrs. Corwith Hamill DDB Needham Worldwide Mr. and Mrs. John H. Leslie Marshall Field's Chicago Extruded Metals Harris Bank Foundation Exchange National Bank Mrs. Glen A. Lloyd Hartmarx Corporation First American Bank of Chicago Mr. and Mrs. Samuel R. Rosenthal Household International Home Savings of America Mr. and Mrs. Edward Byron Smith The Peoples Gas Light & Coke Kansas City Southern Industries, Inc. Company Kellum Temporaries During 1989 and 1990, the following corporations and Price Waterhouse & Co. Douglas Kenyon Inc. foundations were formally recognized as Museum Benefactors: Rockwell International Louisville Community Foundation Ameritech Foundation Salomon Foundation Inc. Depository, Inc. Sargent & Lundy Marquette National Bank Chicago Tribune Foundation Schwarz Paper Company William M. Mercer-Meidinger- DeSoto Foundation

Skil Corporation Hansen, Incorporated Lloyd A. Fry Foundation Midwest Bank & Trust Co. Harris Bank Foundation Montgomery Ward Foundation Kraft, Inc. $1,000 TO $4,999 Morgan Stanley & Company International Business Machines Corporation R.J.R. Nabisco, Inc. ACCO International, Inc. Kenneth Nebenzahl, Inc. McMaster-Carr Supply Company Ameritech Foundation Oriental Art Society of Chicago National Endowment for the Arts

ARCO Foundation Pepsico Foundation Peat, Marwick and Main Bankers Trust Company Pfizer, Inc. Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Foundation Berg, DeMarco, Lewis & Sawatski Roosevelt University Rockefeller Foundation William Blair & Company Strombecker Corporation Electric Company Burke, Wilson & Mcllvaine U.S. West Foundation S&C Chicago Title & Trust Company Vedder, Price, Kaufman & Santa Fe Southern Pacific Foundation Chicago Tribune Foundation Kammholz Sara Lee Foundation Wienecke, Inc. The Coca-Cola Company Henrv C. Simpson Trust Foundation GATX Corp. World Book Publishing Company United Airlines Foundation Waste Management 32 $100 to $4,999 Walter E. Heller Foundation Unrestricted Houghton Mifflin Company Gifts ACCO International Inc. Hyatt Regency Chicago Akzo Chemicals Inc. Hyre Electric Co. Alexander Building Company Illinois Central Railroad Corporations and Allied- Signal Foundation, Inc. IMCERA Group Foundations Ameritech Foundation, Inc. Intermatic, Inc. Anderson Secretarial Service Johnson & Higgins of Illinois ARCO Foundation Keck Mahin & Cate $5,000 and Above Ashland Products Company James S. Kemper Foundation AT & T Foundation Kirkland & Ellis Inc. Mart Corporation Aon Corporation Axia, K Baird Foundation Lawson Products Inc. Amoco Foundation, Inc. Banc Wisconsin Foundation, Levy Organization Bankers Trust Company One Inc. Liquid Carbonic Corp The Barker Welfare Foundation Banque Paribas Lyphomed, Inc. William Blair & Company Bell Howell Foundation Marsh & McLennan, Inc. Borg-Warner Foundation, Inc. & Beslow Associates Masonite Corp. Burke, Wilson & Mcllvaine Inc. Blum-Kovler Foundation The May Stores Foundation, Inc. Chicago Board ol Trade Brown Piatt Foundation Helen V. Brach Foundation Mayer & Charitable Maytag Corporation Charitable The Chicago Community Trust Brand Companies Foundation Chicago Tribune Foundation Foundation Brunswick Foundation, Inc. McDonald's Corporation Geology Labs Continental Bank Foundation The Leo Burnett Company USA McGraw Foundation Crum & Forster Foundation An $800,000 renovation of the The DeSoto Foundation Central Steel & Wire Co. McKinsey & Company Museum's paleontological The Cherry Corporation McMaster-Carr Supply Co. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. research facilities has begun Chevron U.S.A. Inc. William M. Mercer- Meidinger- First National Bank of Chicago Inc. Hansen, Inc. that will revamp some 6,700 Foundation Chicago Bears Football Club Chicago Bridge & Iron Mid-America Foundation square feet of laboratory FMC Foundation Foundation Mid-City National Bank of Chicago space. Among the areas Ford Motor Company Fund Midas International HBB Foundation Chicago Corporation for are marked improvement Public Schools Milex Products Inc. Harris Associates L.P. Chicago the geomagnetics laboratory, Company/Artist in Monsanto Fund Household International The Clinton the Park Program Montgomery Ward Foundation the fossil and rock preparation Illinois Bell Foundation Morton International facilities, and the image- Illinois Tool Works Foundation CNA Commodity Warehouse Corp. Motorola Foundation analysis laboratory. The work Interlake Foundation Consolidated Papers Foundation Near North Insurance Agency International Business Machines is supported by a $375,000 Nuveen Corporation Cooper Lighting John & Company grant from the National Corey Charitable Foundation Old Republic International Corp. J.C. Penney Company, Inc. Science Foundation and a International On The Scene Kemper Financial Services, Inc. CPC Patrick and Anna M. Cudahy P-K Tool Manufacturing Co. $200,000 commitment from the Kraft General Foods & Fund Packaging Corporation of America Arie and Ida Crown Memorial. The John D. and Catherine T. Brand, Inc. MacArthur Foundation R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co. P.C. MacLean-Fogg Company Draper & Kramer Incorporated Peoples Gas Light & Coke Co. Bradstreet Corporation Pittway Corporation Charitable Marshall Field's Dun & Inc. Foundation The Nalco Foundation E-J Industries, Elkay Manufacturing Co. Prudential Foundation Northern Illinois Gas Corporation Retirement Research Foundation The Northern Trust Company Federal Signal Ferrara Pan Candy Co. Schawk, Inc. The Albert Pick Jr. Fund The Field Corporation Fund Arthur Schmitt Foundation Polk Bros. Foundation J. Quaker Oats Foundation Firemans Fund Insurance Co. Searle First Boston Corporation Security Pacific Foundation S & C Electric Company First National Bank of Evergreen Shell Companies Foundation, Inc Sahara Coal Co., Inc. Park Short Milling Company. Santa Fe Pacific Foundation J.R. Florsheim Shoe Co. Skil Corporation Sara Lee Foundation Follett Corporation Sleepeck Printing Company Dr. Scholl Foundation Corp. Smith Barney & Co. Inc. Sears, Roebuck &C Co. GATX General Binding Corporation Square Foundation United Air Lines Foundation D General Motors Co. Standard Federal Savings Waste Management, Inc. International Stein Roe Farnham W.P. & H.B. White Foundation George S. May Co. & Geraldi-Norton Memorial Stepan Company E. W. Zimmerman Products, Inc. Corporation John S. Swift Company W.W. Grainger, Inc. Oakleigh L. Thome Foundation Great Northern Nekoosa Corp. Time, Incorporated Guarantee Trust Life Insurance The Travellers Companies John Hancock Charitable Trust Foundation Harris Bank Foundation United Conveyor Corporation Harza Engineering Company USG Foundation, Inc. DC Heath and Company Vance Publishing Corporation Helene Curtis Industries Inc. Vienna Sausage Manufacturing Co. "

Firemans Fund Insurance Co. 33 Public Follett Corporation Entities GATX Corporation WAX'. Grainger Great Northern Nekoosa Corporation The Chicago Park District Gult & Western Foundation Chicago Board of Education John Hancock Charitable Trust City of Chicago, Office of Fine Arts Harris Bank Foundation Illinois Arts Council Houghton Mifflin Company- Institute of Museum Services Household International National Aeronautics and Space Illinois Bell Administration Illinois Tool Works Inc. National Endowment for the Arts IMCER\ Group National Endowment tor the International Business Machines Humanities Corporation National Institutes of Health Fred S. James & Co. ot Illinois National Science Foundation Kansas Citv Southern Industries, State of Illinois, Department of Inc. Energy and Natural Resources, Kemper Educational & Charitable Illinois State Museum Foundation Division Kemper Financial Services, Inc.

James S. Kemper Foundation Kirkland & Ellis Matching K Mart Corporation Planned Giving Kraft General Foods Louisville Community Foundation Gift Program Bequests have played an important part in the growth of Field Depository, Inc. Museum to its present eminence; they enable the Musuem to May Stores Foundation, Inc. Corporation and better plan for the future. Today, several other forms of planned Mayer Brown 6v Piatt Foundations also possible. McDonald's Corporation giving are The McGraw-Hill Foundation Mobil Foundation, Inc. Acco International Inc. Montgomery Ward Foundation Form of bequest: "I give and bequeath $ to the Field Allied-Signal Foundation, Inc. Morton International Musuem of Natural History, located in Chicago, Illinois, for its Ameritech Foundation, Inc. RJR Nabisco, Inc. general purposes. Aon Corporation Nalco Foundation

ARCO Foundation Northern Illinois Gas AT & T Foundation The Northern Trust Company Baird Foundation John Nuveen and Company Please consider a gift to future generations. To discuss long- Banc One Wisconsin Foundation, Paramount Communications range gift planning, call or write: Inc. Foundation MELINDA PRUETT-JONES Bankers Trust Company Peoples Gas Light & Coke Helen V. Brach Foundation Company Director of Major Gifts and Estate Planning The Brunswick Foundation, Inc. Pepsico Foundation Field Musuem of Natural History Leo Burnett USA Pfizer Inc. Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 Centel Corporation Philip Morris Incotporated (312) 322-8868 The Chase Manhattan Corporation Pittway Corporation Charitable Chevron USA, Inc. Foundation The Chicago Community Trust Quaker Oats Foundation Chicago Tribune Foundation Retirement Research Foundation Cigna Foundation Santa Fe Pacific Foundation Citicorp USA Inc. Sara Lee Foundation CNA Foundation Searle Continental Bank Foundation Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc.

Corning Glass Works Foundation Spiegel, Inc. CPC International, Inc. Square D Foundation Digital Equipment Corporation Time. Incorporated RR. Donnelley & Sons Company U S West Foundation Equicor, Inc. United States Fidelity and The Field Corporation Fund Guaranty Co. USG Foundation, Inc. Waste Management, Inc. The Collections Stand at the

Heart of the Field Museum's

Mission As a Scientific Institution.

i odent discovered by John Flynn , Department of Geology, during recent excavation in the Chilean

I by William Simpson, chief preparator of fossil vertebrates. Background: Magnified view of a fossil

ears old, collected by Lance Grande, Department of Geology, in the Green River area of Wyoming. Centra de Estudios Farmacologicos Iowa State University, Ames 35 Donors y de Principios Naturales, Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, To The Buenos Aires.Argentina Brazil Centra de Pesquisas do Cacau, Jardin Botanica Las Cruces, Costa Collections Itabuna, Brazil Rica Chicago Botanic Garden, Chicago, Jardin Botanico Nacional "Dr. Department of Illinois Rafael M. Moscoso", Santo Anthropology Clemson University, South Domingo, Dominican Carolina Republic College of Pharmacy, University of Maarten Kappelle Margaret Ackerman Illinois at Chicago Maureen D. Keller Anonymous Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques Kochi University, Japan Harry and Norika Bridges de la Ville de Geneve, Laboratoire Plantes Medicinales, Joan Brown Switzerland La Paz, Bolivia William Burger Cornell University, Ithaca, New Laboratory for Plant Taxonomy Dorothy M. Cameron York and Plant Geography, Eddie Deerfield Department of Scientific & Wageningen, Netherlands Eleanor Eldred Industrial Research, K.M. Leelavathy Ellen Emberton Christchurch, New Zealand David P. Lewis Alan Ferg Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, Louisiana State University, Baton Douglas W. Greene Arizona Rouge Christine Gross Duke University, Durham, North Louisiana Tech University, Ruston Mr. and Mrs. Ahmad Gurmani Carolina Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Chui Mei Ho Gabriel Edwin Sarasota, Florida Susanna Ling Nagata Fairchild Tropical Garden, Miami, Mercer Arboretum & Botanic Larry Olin Fossil Florida Garden, Humble, Texas Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Romig Fairmont State College, West Miami University, Oxford, Ohio Preparation Herbert N. Rosen Virginia Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Mrs. Thomas M. Thomas Florida Atlantic University, Boca Louis The Museum's international Byron Weil Raton, Florida Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois reputation for high-quality Ciencias Gary Herbarium ot Harvard Museo Argentino de fossil preparation was University, Cambridge, Naturales, Buenos Aires enhanced in 1990 with the Department of Massachusetts Museo Botanico, Cordoba, successful casting of a 135- Botany Gesamthochschule Duisburg, Argentina Germany Museo Nacional de Historia million-year-old fossil bird Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Natural, Santiago, Chile discovered in northeastern Habana, Cuba Nichinan-shi, Japan Museo Nacional de Historia China, the oldest known Rio Natural, Guatemala Academy of Sciences or the Herbario Alberto Castellanos, modern bird. The fossil, U.S.S.R., Moscow de Janeiro, Brazil Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, embedded in cross-sections on Arizona State University, Tempe Herbario Nacional de Costa Rica, Belem, Brazil either face of a fractured piece Arnold Arboretum of Harvard San Jose Museum National d'Histoire of rock, had defied University, Cambridge Herbario Nacional de Nicaragua, Naturelle, Paris, France Massachusetts Managua National Museum in Prague, conventional means of Asociaccion Mexicana de Herbarium Australiense, Canberra, Czechoslovakia preparation. William Simpson, National Taiwan University, Orquidenologia, Distrito Australia pictured opposite, used an acid Federal Hugo de Vries-laboratorium, Taipei solution to dissolve the bones, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands Natural History Museum of Los leaving a natural mold in the Honolulu, Hawaii Institut fiir Botanik und Angeles County, California ed-on latex "peel" Botanical Institute of the Polish Botanischer Garten der New York Botanical Garden rock. A spray Academy of Sciences, Krakow Universitat, Wien Austria New York State Museum, Albany of the mold was used to create

Botanical Museum and Institut fiir sustematische Botanik Harumi Ochi another mold in silicone der Universitat Zurich, Ohio State University, Columbus Herbarium, Copenhagen, rubber, from which durable Denmark Switzerland Organisation Recherche epoxy casts were made. Botanical Museum, Goteborg, Institute of Systematic Botany, Scientifique et Technique Sweden Utrecht, Netherlands d'Outre Mer, Lima, Peru Botanische Staatssammlung, Instituto Basico de Biologia Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Miinchen, Germany Medica e Agricola de Lawai, Hawaii British Museum, London, England Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil Pennsylvania State University, Buffalo Museum of Science, New Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e University Park York Estatistica, Distrito Federal Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Mary Jane Bumbey Instituto de Botanica Darwinion, Ecuador, California Academy of Sciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina Purdue University, West Lafayette, San Francisco, California Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo, Indiana Carnegie Museum of Natural Brazil Dana Richter History, Pittsburgh, Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste, Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Pennsylvania Corrientes, Argentina Netherlands

Central State University, Edmond, Instituto de Ecologia, Xalapa, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Oklahoma Mexico Scotland Centre O.R.S.T.O.M., French Instituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Royal Botanic Gardens, Hamilton, Guiana Victoria, Mexico Ontario, Canada 36 Universidad de Antioquia, University of Vermont, Burlington James Tynsky Colombia University of Victoria, Canada Rupert Wild Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, University of Washington, Seattle Michael Woodburne

- Venezuela University of Wisconsin Center Peter Wu

Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Waukesha County Ellis Yochelson Juan University of Wisconsin, Madison Universidad de Puerto Rico, Rio University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Piedras department of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, La Paz, Bolivia Tennessee Zoology Universidad Nacional Autonoma Waimea Arboretum & Botanical RolfL. Aalbu de Mexico Garden, Haleiwa, Hawaii of Natural Science, Universidad Nacional Autonoma Dick Wason Academy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania de Honduras, Tegucigalpa Molly A. Whalen Universidad Nacional, Bogota, Tony Young Peter Ames Colombia Kumio Amoaka Universidad Nacional de James Ashe Ascuncion, Paraguay Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Universidad Nacional de la Department of Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos Geology Australia Baker Universidad Nacional Mayor de Margaret San Marcos de Lima, Peru George Barnett Universidad Nacional, Valle, Donald Baird Karl Barrel Colombia Black Hills Institute for Geological Donald Baumgartner Research, Inc, Hill City, William Bemis Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Universitet i Bergen, Norway South Dakota F. Bonet England University of Aarhus, Denmark John Bolt Stephen Bortone Rutgers University, New University of Alabama, University Lee Campbell William Braker Brunswick, New Jersey University of Alabamba, Mary Carman R. Michael Brattain Roger Mark Rutz Tuscaloosa Jennifer Clack Barbara Brown Leif Ryvarden University of Alaska Museum, Peter Crane & Andrew Drinnan John Cadle Sam Houston State University, Fairbanks Aureal Cross Milton Campbell Hunstville, Texas University of Alberta, Edmonton, J. R. Drachuk Christopher Carlton San Franciso State University, Canada John Flynn Ted Cavender California University of Arizona, Tucson Melhem Freiji Donald Chandler Jose Schunke University of California, Berkeley Thomas Funderburk Chicago Zoological Society, Shaman Pharmaceuticals, San University of California, Davis Allan Graffham Brookfield, Illinois Carlos, California University of California, Los Lance Grande Dale Clayton Smithsonian Institution, Angeles Thomas Guensburg David Cook Washington, D.C. University of California, Riverside Richard Hebdon Cornell University, Section of Smithsonian Tropical Research University of Connecticut, Storrs Jurgen Henzel Ecology and Systematics, Institute, Balboa, Panama University of Florida, Gainesville, James Hopson Ithaca, New York Southern Illinois University, Florida Walter Kiihne Dallas Zoo, Dallas, Texas Carbondale University of Helsinki, Finland Thomas Lindgren Mark Deyrup Southwestern at Memphis, University of Iowa, Iowa City Michael Moore Michael Dillon Tennessee University of Kansas, Lawrence Museo Argentino de Ciecias Robert Drews Stetson University, DeLand, University of Maryland, College Naturales, Buenos Aires, Millie Dybas Florida Park Argentina Patricia Escalante Fui Lian Tan University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Museum of Paleontology, Harley Falcon Texas A 8c M University, College University of Minnesota, University of California, Amanda Fisher Station, Texas Minneapolis Berkeley, California Timothy Gaudin Tropical Agriculture Research University of North Carolina, Natural History Museum of Julio Gisbert Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Chapel Hill Hradec Kralovc, Daniel Golani Rico University of North Dakota, Czeckoslovakia Steven Goodman Tulane University, New Orleans, Grand Forks Matthew Nitecki Thomas Gnoske Louisiana University of Reading, England Michael Novacek William Gosline U.S. National Arboretum, University of Sofia, Bulgaria Lanny Passaro Lance Grande Washington, D.C. University of South Carolina, Randy Patrick David Greenfield U.S. National Seed Herbarium, Columbia A. Peterson Gregory Guliuzza Beltsville, Maryland University of South Florida, Ronald Pine Robert Hamilton Union College, Schenectady, New Tampa Joe Pohl Harris Educational Loan Center, York University of St. Andrews, William Rieger Field Museum Universidad Autonoma de Scotland Paul Sereno Harza Engineering, Chicago, Guadalajara, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Carl Stock Illinois MexicoUniversidad Central de University of Texas, Austin Peter Toepfer Lawrence Heaney Venezuela, Maracay University of Tokyo, Japan Yakimitsu Tomida John Hechtel Universidad Central de Venezuela, University of Toronto, Canada William Turnbull Phillip Hershkovitz Caracas Universidad de Alcala de Henares, ly made of plant products, of unknown African origin, donated to the Madrid, Spain my collection by Dr. Christian Puff, University of Vienna. Above right: research lily Chrysomelidae, collected in Costa Rica in 1990 by Ronald Pine, and donated to the Museum. Background: A ceremonial stone

New Guinea, collected in 1943 and donated to the Museum by Judge

/as stationed at Nadzab Airfield near Lae, New Guinea, during World War II. Leslie Hubricht Robert Stuebing David M. Crawford 37 Rainer Hurterer Kevin Swagel Robert E. Dahm Michael Huybensz William Szelistowski Christine Danziger Robert Inger William Tan- Mrs. Leonard S. Davidow Douglas Johnson Donald Taphorn Dayton Art Institute, Dayton, Samuel Johnson Margaret Thayer Ohio Anita Keller James Thomerson Pamela Hibbs Decoteau Douglas Kelt Melvin Traylor Otto Degener William Kephart William Turnbull Michael O. Dillon Julian Kerbis Universidad Nacional Autonoma, Durban Natural Science Museum, Timothy King Mexico City, Mexico Durban, South Africa David Kistner The University of Chicago, DuSable Museum of African- Peter Kovarik Chicago, Illinois American History, Chicago, Michael Kowalski USSR Academy of Science, Illinois Carl Krekler Moscow Michael Duty Peter Krimmel Bernard Verdcourt A. Jacob Dykstra Scott Kuipers Kevina Vulinec William Earle Tamotsu Kusano John Wagner Luis Sigifredo Espinal T. Horace Last Harlan Walley Catherine Evamy MA. Latimer David Ward Alfredo E. Evangelista Lincoln Park Zoological Society. Flovd Werner W. Peyton Fawcett

Chicago, Illinois Max Wilcomb Foundation for Research Ernest Liner David Willard Development, Pretoria, South John Lundberg Louis Williams Africa

Borys Malkin Sandra Wilmore The Friends of Field Museum R. I. G. Morrison David Matusik Lawrence Wilson Library Museo de Entomologia, Medellin. Dianne Maurer Kirk Winemiller Warren E. Garst Colombia Peter Meserve Glen Woolfenden Ken Grabowski Masayuki Nakamichi

Kenneth Mierzwa Mrs. Chang Man Yang Eduardo R. J. Guimaraes Mathew H. Nitecki Toni Milewski Daniel Young Lawrence Heaney Larry Olin Carol Elaine Hendrickson Alan Mootnick Laura Zaidenberg Edward J. Olsen Charles Nadler R. Zweifel Herpetological Society of Japan, Christian d'Orgeix Shun-Ichiro Naomi Kawasaki, Japan Victor Raul Pacheco-Torres Philip Hershkovitz Philippine National Museum. Alton J. Parker Glenn C. Hjort Manila, Philippines Paul J. Patchen NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Field Museum Library Robert F. Inger Charles Rand Penney Washington, DC International Cultural Society of Dale Pontius

Douglas Nelson Qamar Ali Abbasi Korea, Seoul, Korea Richard L. Post Harry Nelson Mr. and Mrs. Julius Abler International Hoya Association, Ghillean T. Prance

Altred Newton, Jr. Kraig Adler Central Point, Oregon Jose Ramirez-Pulido

North Carolina State Museum, Mrs. Ralph A. Bard, Jr. Krzysztot Jakubowski David A. Rasch

Raleigh, North Carolina Marianne Berman Japan Fisheries Resource John S. Runnells Roy Norton Antonio Berst Conservation Association, Marie Serbius Charles O Brien Tanisse Bezin Tokyo, Japan Paul Sereno

Lynne Parenti Biological Laboratory, Imperial Richard I. and Marrian G. Johnson Marco A. Serna D. Ronald Pine Household, Japan Kadoorie Foundation, Hong Kong Joyce Shaw Mitchell Pakosz Carolyn Blackmon John Kethley Louise Sherman Townsend Peterson Sister Cecilia Bodman Jonathan C. H. King Jack H. Sloan Aldo Poiani Bolerium Books, San Francisco, Janice Klein Djaja D. Soejarto Norman Radkte California Daniel K. Koch Michael Spock Michael Redmer John Bolt Dr. Guenther Kunkel John E. Stanton Michael Reed Mrs. G. E. Boone Mr. and Mrs. David Landman Kenneth Starr David Rees Mrs. Frank Bopp Janet La Salle Llois Srein

Alan Resetar Willard L. Boyd Elbert L. Little, Jr. Robert G. Stolze Luis Rivera-Cervantes Ronald A. Brandon Monica Liu Guy Stresser-Pean

Manuel Ruedi Bennet Bronson Llovd Librarv and Museum, Nikos S. Tenekides

Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes John Clay Bruner Cincinnati, Ohio John Terrell

Hospital, Chicago, Illinois Michael Bullis Peter Lowther L'niversidad Tecnica Federico

Sacramento Zoo, Sacramento, William C. Burger Ronald J. Mahoney Santa Maria California Juan Jorge Buza Rene Edmond Malaise Edward Valauskas John Sailor Michele Calhoun Adrian G. Marshall Leigh M. Van Valen Thomas Schulenberg Chicago Historical Society, Charles A. Martijn Theodore W. Van Zelst John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, Illinois Hymen Marx James W. VanStone

Chicago, Illinois Kuo-hsing Chou Eugene Maurey Gregorv Ylamis Thomas Simon Phil Clark Merriam Center Library, Chicago, Harold K. Voris James Sipiora Dr. Glen H. Cole Illinois Daniel B. Ward Syliva Solem Colorado Historical Society, Missouri Botanical Garden Library, Rubert L. Wenzel William Southern Denver, Colorado St. Louis, Missouri Benjamin W. Williams William Stanley Consul General of Canada, Robbin C. Morgan Tadanao Yamamoto Steven Stephenson Chicago, Illinois Morris Arboretum of the Gary E. Yela

Douglas Stotz Council ot Planning Libraries , University of Pennsylvania, Mr.& Mrs. William Street Chicago, Illinois Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Understanding and Respect

/ For the Diversity

Of Human Cultures

Wonder breaks the tradition of hands-off museum displays, providing a variety of specimens and artifacts for close-up

e antler of a white-tailed deer. Background: four varieties of pine cone. Opposite, right: Nineteenth-century Nkisi

Nkc from the Shilango River area of Zaire. Such figures are used for magical and medicinal purposes. 1 he Field Museum is have ethnographic depictions of African 39 preparing a major permanent exhibit on cultures, should they include the "white the natural history and human cultures tribes" of Kenya, Zimbabwe, and South of Africa. It already has a major Africa along with such communities permanent exhibit on ancient Egypt. as the Zulu, Shona, and Masai?

Question: Will this These are ethical and juxtaposition say to visitors that political as well as intellectual and

Pharaonic Egypt was somehow not an aesthetic questions — there are many

African civilization? What if anything more just as complex — and the should the Africa exhibit say about Museum's response to them requires

Egypt in the 2,000 years since thoughtfulness and sensitivity. Politics Pajama Cleopatra? and ethics are implicated because of Parties

Question: If emphasis is what one scholar calls "the politics of Museum Overnight programs have placed in the new exhibit on the need to representation" — there are living proved phenomenally popular with the preserve the natural habitats of Africa's people whose lives and societies will be public. Since July, 1990 they have been scheduled almost unique animals — the elephants, affected by the images and ideas about monthly by the Museum's Education giraffes, hippos, apes, etc. — will this Africa that the Museum's exhibit Department. On a

typical Overnight, 250 devalue the struggle to develop the imparts to American popular culture. to 300 persons camp

out in the exhibit continent's resources for its people? Moreover, images of Africa subtly halls. Each evening is programmed with a Question: If the display of influence both the self-image of different theme and participants attend "palace" art from Benin notes that the African-Americans and the ways in workshops, performances, and Medici collected the work of these which Americans of other races interact other events while

seeing the exhibits in artists, does that imply that "tribal" with them. a different light. Overnights have been considerations arise ceremonial and decorative artifacts are Such held for families, educators, and not of comparable artistic significance? not only in the context of the Africa community youth groups. Speaking or tribes — which, in fact, the exhibit, but in many areas of Museum

exhibit will not do — if the exhibit is to activity. The issue of the propriety of

certain kinds of displays, e.g., of 40 religious items not meant to be seen by Museum's collections largely represent

non-initiates, comes up from time to the first two decades of this century.

time. The policy that guides the The director of the Alele

Museum in these matters is one Museum in the Marshalls urged

of cultural understanding Rabineau to use a contemporary

and mutual respect — a working outrigger canoe in the exhibit,

respect for the internal validity of with all the additions and modern Putting every human culture; the idea that, materials that contemporary Marshallese Gossamer on Display while uniquely the product of a certain have substituted for "traditional" design

Many of the objects in kind of Western culture, the Museum and construction; the resulting display, the Museum's Pacific collections are made should be a bridge between the West says Rabineau, "has an integrity that a of materials as fine as

spider web and and others; a sense of the Museum's reconstruction or a restored 19th- beetles' wings. They were not made to last, responsibility to those whose cultures are century piece would not have." yet some have been in the Museum 80 years respresented in its collections and Marshallese also created all the roof- or more. Before such objects could be exhibits, as well as to the diverse people thatching used in the exhibit. displayed in the

"Pacific Spirits" of its home community. Exhibition of human exhibit, the staff of the Division of remains is another extremely delicate Conservation had to

ensure that they In putting together the subject, and here too Rabineau's would survive the exposure — a Museum's permanent exhibit on the consultations proved valuable. The complex task requiring object-by- Pacific, for example, the developer, director of the National Museum of object treatment. Some objects Phyllis Rabineau, consulted with the Papua New Guinea advised that it incorporating plant materials were the national in would be inappropriate to display the stabilized with directors of museums methylcellulose, and a skulls — trophies of headhunting — large broken leaf was Tahiti, Papua New Guinea, the repaired with have been in the Japanese tissue and Marshall Islands, and Vanuatu. Among that would normally wheat starch paste; both substances can other things, these discussions helped windows of a Iatmul men's house such

later be removed if necessary. Even the the developers avoid giving the as was planned for the exhibit. On the

lighting in the exhibit

was set to protect the impression that Pacific cultures are other hand, the director of the Vanuatu

artifacts. frozen in time, despite the fact that the Cultural Center saw no problem with

Above: A Maori treasure box, origin unknown, used for safekeeping of valued heirlooms. Background: Photograph of an Alaskan Athapaskan boy wearing a shell necklace. Right: A Cheyenne toy —

a doll in a papoose board, collected in Montana by S.G. Simms in 1907. the display of a rambaramp — a Repatriation Act. (All human remains 42 memorial figure that incorporates the have been taken off exhibit in the Native skull of a respected member of the American halls.) community — so long as it was placed The sensibilities of Native high enough that no woman could look Americans and of women visitors to the News Around at issue in of the down on it. (In "Pacific Spirits," the Museum were the case the World rambaramp stands so tall that all visitors "Sacrifice to Morning Star" segment of News of the Field

Museum is reaching of both sexes must look up to it.) the Pawnee exhibit. A diorama shows a diverse audiences around the world. Jonathan Haas, the human sacrifice, specified as requiring a Through the Public Relations Museum's vice president for collections female victim kidnaped from a Department, nearly 7,000 print and research, has consulting with neighboring tribe. visitor from Ohio, and been A broadcast media stories were groups lor what he says Ann Throckmorton, was appalled by Native American generated in more

than 7 7 7 foreign is "a first start in reorganizing the Native what she felt was a racist and sexist countries plus 26

states and WO cities

American exhibits and a first start on a portrayal of violence against women, in the United States in

1989 and 1990. new dialogue with Native American and wrote a letter to that effect Highlights were major

stories in The New peoples." Representatives of the Hopi, demanding that the diorama be York Times, Town and Country, CNN, Blackfeet, Blood, and Iroquois have removed. Michael Spock, vice president Japan television, and the Canadian been to the Museum recently to review for public programs, decided to display Broadcast Company. materials related to their communities Ms. Throckmorton's letter and to solicit '

"and give us counsel on the appropri- comments from other visitors. Some ateness of the exhibits and the treatment 4,500 visitors replied, most to the of the collections," says Haas, who along effect that "You can't rewrite with President Willard L. Boyd was very history" or that depictions of differing much involved in the discussions among cultural norms were the essence of museum professionals, Native American anthropological exhibits in museums. leaders, and members of Congress that The Pawnee Tribal Council, for its part, led in 1990 to passage of the Native

American Graves Protection and 42 said that "though we are not proud of etc. — but the wider and deeper

it, it is our history and should stay on perspectives on the world that the

view." As a result of the controversy, Museum's collections and exhibits offer.

however, several errors were corrected For both school and family groups, the Ford City — the sacrifice should have been facing education department also produces

The Museum's first satellite store opened east, not west; women as well as men annual festivals celebrating Hispanic-

in November, 1990 in

the lower-level arcade participated in the ceremony, etc. It was American and African-American of the Ford City

shopping mall south also apparent that the exhibit labels heritages. of Midway Airport. The 2,200-square-foot were inadequate, and these were For more than two decades, store offers books, toys, clothing, jewelry, expanded to give greater context for the the education department and the and art from many cultures and programs ceremony. Chicago Public Schools' office for gifted a variety of educational and Temporary exhibits and the students have conducted the Field cultural events

throughout the year. Museum's education department also Museum Honors Science Program, a Ford City is Chicago's

largest mall and emphasize cultural understanding and museology course for high-school serves the most

diverse clientele. respect, from weekend musical offerings students that has always enrolled

to the long-term Outreach Program students from varied ethnic back-

that takes museum-based cross-cultural grounds. In 1990, for the first time, the

programming to eight AfricanAmerican, department began a similar course lor

Hispanic, and Asian Chicago neighbor- gifted junior-high students who have

hoods where surveys indicate few not yet mastered English; these students

people ever attend museums. The have prepared an exhibit on Mexican

annual Neighbors Night brings thou- and Mexican-American Day of the

sands of residents of these neighbor- Dead observances that will be mounted

hoods to the Museum, where they can in the Webber Resource Center in the

sample not only the "fun" parts of each fall of 1991.

other's cultures — music, food, dance,

Adinkra cloth is a traditional art among the Ashanti of Ghana, worn for mourning. Stamped designs include,

at left, a symbol of faithfulness, and, in the background, a symbol of fthe power of God. 1 he new exhibit on Africa The project staff has 43 will include material on the African developed cooperative relationships with diaspora in the Americas, making direct Chicago's DuSable Museum of African- the link — via the slave trade — American History and with two between Chicago's largest ethnic museums in Africa. Africable, a community and the social and political 13-week cable-television history of Africa. phone-in program produced

Early on, the Africa Project by the project team, staff held a series of community forums introduced Chicagoans to to discover what people wanted or African nationals and emigres living needed to know and to discover in the area.

community resources that might feed Thirty fifth-graders of all into the project. One of the reasons for races from city and suburban schools

choosing to do an exhibit on Africa were enlisted in 1 988 in a five-year rather than on, say, Asia or Latin museology program, "Learning About

Dance shields from America, according to Michael Spock, People and Museums"; they have Akikuyu Province of Kenya was the importance of the black produced a mini-exhibit on common community in Chicago and the fact misconceptions about Africa and, with that, other than school groups, the their questions and responses, have

Museum drew relatively few black helped the project staff to refine exhibit visitors. By creating an innovative concepts. The students, as tenth-graders, exhibit through an innovative process, will become docents when the exhibit the Museum could speak to that opens in 1993. They have learned a

community through its collections, and good bit about Africa, a great deal about the black community could speak to the life and work in a great museum, and larger society through the Museum. most of all about each other. "Cultural

understanding and mutual respect" has

become part of their culture.*** Volunteers in Field Museum

Science and Education:

Four Hundred Very Bright Points of Light

Inset above: Hernandez's helmeted iguana (Corytophanes hernandesii) is native to the Atlantic foothills and lowlands from central Veracruz, Mexico southward through Guatemala. Background: the snowy owl's white plumage offers camouflage against predators in

its wintry northern habitats. Both creatures will be on display in "Into the Wild." JN early 400 volunteers Half the 50 volunteers 45 devote time regularly to the Museum, who served as exhibit guides were working as unpaid part-time staff. Each "Eyewitnesses," people who had year, they contribute the equivalent of survived the camps or were children of

22 full-time positions which, if salaried, survivors or members of the liberating would cost more than $500,000. armies. These volunteers were able to sit

Volunteers perform critical down with visitors, especially children, services throughout the Museum, but and bring to life an almost incompre- perhaps none have done work so hensibly vile period of history. difficult, or so rewarding, as those who Other volunteers were staffed the traveling exhibit "Remember trained to move through the exhibit, the Children" in the winter and spring answer questions from children and Design and of 1990. The exhibit examined the adults, deal with sensitive issues and Production horrors of the Nazi extermination camps situations, and help children assimilate Barbara Beardsley Joseph Byrnes through the eyes of the 1.5 million the experience, trying to show how even Michelle Corrazzo Susan Dalipagic children — Jewish, Gypsy, retarded, or simple schoolyard bullying and Sandra Erjavac Naomi Pruchnik physically handicapped — who were stereotyping can contribute to institu- Linda Schubert Gus Sisto murdered in them from 1933 to 1945. tionalized discrimination and violence. Terri Smolin Selene Wacker

Anthropology Ann Gerber Paula Phillips Botany Weekly Margaret Farwell Goes Dorothea Phipps-Cruz Virginia Beatty Education Dee Aiani Leah Goldberg Julie Pitzen Arun Dabholkar Patinya Ambuel Robert Gowland Marina Post Paul Adler Carole Anderson Deborah Green Michael Popowits Liz Farwell Shirley Anderson Peter Fortsas Dodie Baumgarten Lisa Heidel Carla Reiter Dee Arbanas Terry Gillespie Garland Brown Noreen Jolley Robin Rinehart Pamela Armstrong William Gillespie Sol Century Rebecca Kam merer Marea Sands Jean Baldwin-Herbert Daniel Goldfarb Birdie Chang Lisa Labinger Lisa Shogren Michael Bardwell Dennis Hall Elizabeth Cheetham Stephanie Lako Llois Stein Gwen Barnett Nancy Harlan Peter Coey Cecile Leroux Margo Thayer Paul Basile Patricia Jasaitis James Coplan Jane Levin Ika Tomaschewsky Jeanne Bedrosian Sharon Kramer Ralph Cowan Betty Lewis Julius Wagman Ruth Berns Sandra Lee Connie Crane Valerie Lewis David Walton Frieda Bernstein Lillie Mannings Jeannette DeLaney Kathy Lutarewych Theresa Williams Sidney Bernstein Margaret Martling Elizabeth Dinsmore Jack MacDonald Wang-Fai Wong Katherine Bisping Selwyn Mather Patricia Dodson Theresa McGill Ed Yastrow Blanche Blumenthal Molly Donovan Andrew MacLeod Paula Morales Nada Boulos Paul DuBrow Sam Mayo Stella Muir Lloyd Bradbury Naomi Pruchnik Jack Ewing Withrow Meeker Archives Judith Brower Salzer Andrew Fahlund Carolyn Moore Joseph Olga Buenz Chloe Cornell Hana Sawyer Josie Faulk George Morse Joseph Byrnes Aimee Drolet Martha Singer Mitzi Fine Mary Nelson Irene Cantine* Kinberley Krause Dan Snydacker Lisa Flanagan Louise Neuert Alice Cap Julia Mond Haydee Trainer Kirk Frye Herta Newton Kitty Carson Charlene Rehbock Randy Upton Vesna Garber Irmgard Nirschl-Rauch Linda Celesia Tania Ryan Madeleine Garceau Laura Nunez Mary Sue Coates Amy Sliwinski Peter Gayford Susan Parker Anemic Cosentino Frances Stromquist Ellie DeKoven 46 Cynthia Chejfec Dezara Patricia Levinson Cvnthia Bassett Kate Kuehn Violet Diacou Ruth Lew Susan Bee Mary Jo Lucas-Healy

Phyllis Dix Catherine Lindroth Timothy Benally Kristin Lynch William Duvall Frances McBee Susan Bennett Frances McBee Aldona Dziedzic Louise McEachran Elaine Bernstein Linda McKinney Kitty Egan Clifford Massoth Anne Ursula Bielski Tom McNichols Toby Ehrlich Britta Mather Karen Boton Gabby Margo Jenny Elliott Selwyn Mather Jennifer Botte Maryann Marsicek Geraldine Enck Melba Mayo Johanna Brainin Cheryl Martin Rhoda Feldman Beverly Meyer Ricky Brainin Marita Maxey Mit/i Fine Sara Meyers Fran Braverman Julie Medina Barbara Fisher Candace Minks Carol Briscoe Thomas Miller

Mi mi Fiszel Harriet Molloy Carol Brna Barbara Milott Lisa Flanagan Gayle Morgan Nancy Burke Gail Munden

Liz Flury Virginia Madelyn Bushnell Elizabeth Murphy Toby Frankel NewtonCatherine Joseph Cablk Caroline Mylander AJta Mae Frobish O'Brien Renee Calderon John Nelson Mimi Futransky Joan Opila Alice Cap Mary Nelson Rhoda Gellman Anita Padnos Mary Cheshareck Gizela Neumann William Gellman Kay Pickett Nicole Collins Joseph Neumann

Patricia Georgouses Irene Poll Norma Cotton Janice North Wayne Gerdes Maureen Powell Leslie Cox Kathleen North- Delores Glasbrenner Ellen Quinn Karin Dahl Tomczyk Kathleen Gleason Dan Reilly Anthony Davis Dennis O'Donnell Ossewaarde Restored photos. Alvin Goldblatt Elly Ripp Elaine Day Gary Goldman Jerry Ripp Millicent Drawer Albert Poll Above: Malvina Janis Halina Goldsmith Barbara Roob Josei Duanah Pam Robinson Hoffman sculpts the Phyllis Goldstein Sarah Rosenbloom Faye Dulcy Esther Rosenbloom clay bust of Kamala Mary Griffin Anne Ross John Dunn Janet Russell Chatterji, at left in Ann Grimes Isabella Rzepka Linda Egebrecht Gladys Ruzich photo. This is from one Judith Hannah Joseph Salzer Jo Elworthy Terry Sanders Bonnie Engel Katherine San Fratello of more than 1,300 Curtis Harrell Lucille Salzer Shirely Hattis Randi Savitzky Carlos Flores Marian Saska negatives taken by Penny Haynes Marianne Schenker Amy Franke Charise Scharpenberg Hoffman and her Helen Helfgott Sol Schindel Debra Jean Frels Lester Schlosberg husband, S.B. Eselean Henderson Florence Seiko Fritzie Fritzshall Ann Schuppert Grimson, for the "races Audrey Hiller Jessie Sherrod Barbara Gardner Lucy Searls of man" sculpture Jack Hoffman Ethel Shiner Bernice Gardner Pat Sershon Tina Fung Holder Terri Smolin Phyllis Ginardi Adam Seward project in the early Harold Honor Arlene Specht Frederic Gleach Sharon Rae Shananquet 1930s. These have now Zelda Honor Mary Lou Stanley Vonda Gluck Judith Sherry been transferred to Ruth Hostler William Stanley Evelyn Gottlieb Karen Sholeen safety film and Sandra Hubbel Helen Stein Thomas Grygiel Shirley Smith preserved. Deke Hundley William Stein Michael Hall Beth Spencer Patricia Hansen Ann Spenner Background, right: A Ellen Hyndman Ben Stern Ursula Jacobius Louise Suhajda Mattie Harris Gregory Trush dragon robe of silk Connie Jacobs Bernard Sullivan Regina Harrison Colleen Vitkovich satin and gold made Sheila James Ruby Suzuki Kate Heston Teri Vlasak for one of the sons of Brian James Christine Szorc Tanya Hines Editha Walker the Qianlong Emperor, Arlene Johnson Jane Thain Clarissa Hinton Dorothea Wechselberger mid-18th century Nancy Johnson Mark Weinberg Scott Houtteman Ben Zajac Venice George Wolnak Gittel Hunt Irene Zlobnicki China. This is one of Johnson Ellie Kadan Sally Wood Vernon Hunt several thousand Tirza Kahan Zinette Yacker Michael Jacobs historic exhibit display Rosemary Kalin Adele Zaveduk Lavonne Jahnke Weavers photographs that were Julie Kay Sandra Lewis Jensen Program in danger of chemical Joan Kelly Joan Johnson Nancy Berg deterioration and have Katharine Kelly Weekend Jim Jones Malcolm Jones Sharon Boemmel now been preserved. Milton Kohn Education Kimberley Krause Carol Kacin Jenny Elloitt Dianne Kueck Janet Archer David Kalensky Agatha Elmes Enck Mary Beth Kwasek Jacqueline Arnold Colleen Karp Elizabeth Fritzshall Carol Landow Terry Asher Ida Kersz Fritzie Gable John Lawson Sandra Atkinson Dennis Kin/ig Mearl Graham Michael Lenzi Lynne Bailey Alida Klaud Wynn Lucia Barba Nance Klehm Julie Hurd Joanne Kluga Margaret Jones Colleen Karp Women's Board Birds 47 Barbara Keune Ambassadors Paul Baker Sheree Moratto Robert Cary Marianita Porterfield Heather Bilandic Sheila Demkovich Krvs Stephenson Teddv Buddington Lvnn Burt Terri Donovan Char VC "iss Joseph Fisher Judie Yamamoto Lenore Cameron Bobbie Cook Thomas Gnoske Marianne Cruikshank John Goeb Miriam Ewing Mary Hennen Geology Klonowski Joan McKenna Joan Ian Ausubel Karen Pigott Scott Kuipers Barbara Ballard Helen Thomas Valerie Lewis Irene Broede Ruth Teena Williams Thomas Pavela Sophia Brown Paula Trienens NathaniaJ Trienens Arruro Cisneros Joan Webber Virginia Cox Sue Whitaker Elizabeth Cook Fishes Aldona Dziedzic Paul Bryan Jane Edmunds Photography Connie Escobar Michael Henderson Greg Guliuz: a Philip Keener Reeva Woltson Irmgard Nirschl-Rauch Deborah Kelly Thomas Simon Jennifer Lambert Program and Michelle Lazar Exhibit Joseph Levin Insects Photo Restoration Manuel Matanguihan Development Abarbanell Among the Museum's collection of half a million John McConnell Neal Roxanna Beatty George Barnett Sara Mickel photographs are some 20,000, dating from 1920 to Huei-Min Chern Eric Espe Donald Newton 1950, that were taken using nitrate-based film Karol Kuehn Ron Garner Doris Nitecki before it was known that such film was chemically Robin Lage Dennis Molina China Oughton J. Lawrence Levin unstable. In 1989 Nina Cummings, photo Jeanne Popowits Pauline Segal Monte Lloyd researcher in the Department of Photography, and Naomi Pruchnik Sharon Mitchiner an outside contractor, the Chicago Albumen Susan Roop Lorain Olsen Angie Shaw Invertebrates Works, began a two-year project, funded by the Jerry Ripp Julie Teetsov National Endowment for the Humanities, to restore Liza Suarez Stanley Dvorak Ann Thomas Henry Greenwald and conserve this portion of the collection. Photo Housekeeping Laura Vanderlei Dorothy Karall collections that have been saved include Malvina George Wolnak Donna Nakagiri Hoffman's round-the-world studies for her epic Bvron Collins David Walker sculpture project, "The Races of Man," and Anne

Fisher's portraits, landscapes, and architectural Public photos of Iraq in 1928. Library Relations Mammals John Craib-Cox Frank Leslie Malena Ahmed Elizabeth Dilworth Beery Earl Robinson" John Arden Frederick Bruce Saipe Lorin Brown Robert Gowland Clayton Dean Ruth Howard M. Alison Ebert Mabel Johnson Tours Betsy Ebert Dorothv Oliver Carlene Friedman Christopher Quinn William Roder Alexandra Gnoske James Reed Thomas Gnoske Marie Louise Rosenthal William Kephart James Skorcz Zoology Office Susan Knoll Worthington Smith E.J. McAdams Maxine Walter Larrv Misialek Susan Moy Membership Thomas Patterson Amphibian and Sheila Reynolds Dennis Bara* Reptiles Jack Sloan Loretta Green Janet Madenberg Stevens Lisa Kawczinski Robert Brunner Virginia Turner-Erfort Lillian Kreitman Sophie Ann Brunner Karen Van Vorhis Irene Turner Ingrid Fauci Laura Zaidenberg Heather Lochner Bernard Rozran * Deceased Heather Seemann

Background: Housefront in Kano, Nigeria, from a photo taken during the Strauss West African Exp. playing polo. Both of 1934. Above, right: Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) mortuary figure of a woman | were among those saved in the Museum's preservation project. 48 Executive Committee Development Committee Robert A. Pritzker, Board Chairman Leo F. Mullin, Marshall Field, Vice Chairman Vice Chairman Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Frank W. Considine, Mrs. Philip D. Block III Board of Trustees Life Trustees Vice Chairman Worley H. Clark December 31, 1990 & Treasurer Frank W. Considine Richard M. Jones, Thomas E. Donnelley II Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Harry O. Bercher Vice Chairman Thomas J. Eyerman Bass Blair Robert O. Bowen Thomas E. Donnelley II, Laura DeFerrari Front Gordon Bent Stanton R. Cook Vice Chairman Marshall B. Front Mrs. Philip D. Block III Mrs. Edwin DeCosta John J. Kinsella, Philip L. Harris Willard L. Boyd Mrs. David W. Grainger Vice Chairman Wayne E. Hedien Robert D. Cadieux Clifford G. Gregg Leo F. Mullin, John J. Kinsella Worley H. Clark Mrs. Robert S. Hartman Vice Chairman William L. Searle Smith James W. Compton Edward Byron John S. Runnells, Mrs. Malcolm N. Smith Frank W. Considine Robert H. Strotz Secretary Mrs. Howard J. Trienens Thomas E. Donnelley II John W. Sullivan James J. O'Connor, Blaine J. Yarrington Thomas Eyerman J. Ex- Officio Willard E. White, Marshall Field Willard L. Boyd, StaffLiaison Laura DeFerrari Front Officers President, Marshall B. Front StaffLiaison Ronald J. Gidwitz Robert A. Pritzker, Public Programs Wayne E. Hedien Board Chairman Committee Richard M. Jones Marshall Field, Collections and Kinsella John J. Vice Chairman Research Committee Marshall Field, William C. Kunkler III Frank W. Considine, Vice Chairman William H. Kurtis Vice Chairman & Richard M. Jones, Mrs. Philip D. Block III Hugo J. Melvoin Treasurer Vice Chairman Philip L. Harris Leo F. Mullin Richard M. Jones, Mrs. T. Stanton Armour H. Harry Henderson

James J. O'Connor Vice Chairman Henry T. Chandler Maria Bechily-Hodes Robert A. Pritzker Thomas E. Donnelley II, Worley H. Clark Ronald J. Gidwitz John S. Runnells Vice Chairman Thomas J. Eyerman Mrs. David W. Grainger Patrick G. Ryan John J. Kinsella, Laura DeFerrari Front John J. Kinsella William L. Searle Vice Chairman Marshall B. Front Mrs. Theodore B. Tieken Mrs. Theodore B. Leo F. Mullin, Wayne E. Hedien Mrs. Howard J. Trienens Tieken Vice Chairman William C. Kunkler III Michael Spock,

Mrs. Howard J. John S. Runnells, Hugo J. Melvoin StaffLiaison Trienens Secretary John S. Runnells Yarrington Blaine J. Willard L. Boyd, Jonathan Haas, President StaffLiaison Finance Committee Marketing 49 Committee Frank W. Considine,

Vice Chairman John J. Kinsella, Robert O. Bass Vice Chairman Gordon Bent Mrs. Michael Bilandic Bowen Blair Mrs. Philip D. Block III Robert D. Cadieux James Compton

Hugo J. Melvoin Ronald J. Gidwitz William L. Searle Philip L. Harris Robert H. Strotz William A. Hensley

Blaine J. Yarrington Mrs. William J. Jimmie W. Croft, McDonough StaffLiaison Mrs. Newton M. Minow Kurt P. Stocker Credits Willard E. White, Text: Ron Dorfman Audit and Pension StaffLiaison > Subcommittee Portraits (pages 3, 4, 12, 34 & 38): Marc PoKempner. New photographs of artifacts and specimens were taken for this project by John Weinstein, the Museum's head Hugo J. Melvoin, Centennial Chairman Committee photographer.

Robert O. Bass Special thanks to Nina Cummings and the photography staff Gordon Bent Marshall Field, — Mark Alvey, James Balodimas, Linda Dorman, and Diane Jimmie W. Croft, Honorary Chair Alexander White — for their help in coordinating and reproducing images for this report. StaffLiaison Thomas E. Donnelley II, Co-Chair The following individuals also deserve recognition for their Mrs. Malcolm N. Smith, efforts on this project: Paul Baker, Joe Cajandig, Carol Museum Services Co-Chair Carlson, Steve Crescenzo, John Ditzel, William Grewe- Committee Gordon Bent Mullins, Christine Gross, Gregory M. Mueller, Rodger Patience, William Simpson, Charles Stanish, Kevin Swagel, Willard L. Boyd Tom Wagner, Ben Williams. Thomas E. Donnelley II, Jonathan Haas Vice Chairman Michael Spock This report printed on recycled paper with soy bean inks. Harry O. Bercher Willard E. White Robert D. Kolar the Cover William C. Kunkler III On William L. Searle Administration Background: Members of the Field Museum and their families Robert L. Wesley during Members' Night, 1991. L. Jimmie W. Croft, Willard Boyd, Front cover, top right, is a fossil sting ray, 49 million years old,

StaffLiaison President collected by Lance Grande in the Green River area of Wyoming;

Jimmie W. Croft, center left is the fruit of Anona glabra, a member of the custard Vice President, apple family, collected in 1983 by R.G. Stolze along the banks of Nominating Finance & Museum the Sebastian River in Florida; below is an ornament of office (a staff silver fish and Peruvian coins) worn by elected leaders Committee Services with of Aymara Indian communities in Peru, collected by Charles Jonathan Haas, Stanish in 1990. Marshall Field, Vice President, Vice Chairman Collections & Research Back cover, upper left is a Chinese ground beetle, Carabus Mrs. T. Stanton Armour Michael Spock, lafossei giganteus, a rare species often found in Chinese apothecary shops for use in traditional medicine ; below is a Gordon Bent Vice President, multicolored beaded bandolier bag, probably Seminole, ca. 1840, James J. O'Connor Public Programs of unusual design, including the human figure on the flap. Blaine J. Yarrington Willard E. White, Willard L. Boyd Vice President, StaffLiaison Development & External Affairs IfftlFIELD MUSEUM WURAL1 4-IISTQRy

Field Museum of Natural History Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605