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Die Wiener Votivkirche Als Gedächtnisort View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OTHES DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit Die Wiener Votivkirche als Gedächtnisort Verfasserin Doris Fahrngruber Angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, 2012 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 312 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Diplomstudium Geschichte Betreuer: ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Karl Vocelka Danksagung Danken möchte ich allen, die zur Entstehung dieser Arbeit beigetragen haben. Allen voran gilt mein Dank Prof. Karl Vocelka für die umsichtige und ermutigende Betreuung. Gedankt sei des Weiteren Pfarrer Dr. Joseph Farrugia für die Ermöglichung, das Archiv der Votivkirchenpfarre zu benutzen sowie den Mitarbeitern der Pfarrkanzlei, die mir bei Fragen und Auskünften immer behilflich waren. Besonders danken möchte ich meiner Familie für die mir entgegengebrachte Geduld und Unterstützung während meines Studiums und bei der Verwirklichung meiner Diplomarbeit. INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1 EINLEITUNG .................................................................................................... - 7 - 2 DIE BEDEUTUNG VON GEDÄCHTNISORTEN UND IHR STELLENWERT IN DER ÖSTERREICHISCHEN GESCHICHTE ............... - 10 - 2.1 Der Gedächtnisbegriff ........................................................................................................... - 10 - 2.1.1 Kollektives und kulturelles Gedächtnis .............................................................................. - 11 - 2.1.2 Gedächtnis und Geschichte ................................................................................................. - 13 - 2.2 Gedächtnisorte – die « lieux de mémoire » .......................................................................... - 15 - 2.2.1 Entstehung und Funktion von Gedächtnisorten .................................................................. - 16 - 2.2.2 Denkmäler als Orte des kollektiven Gedächtnisses ............................................................ - 17 - 2.3 Gedächtnisorte in Österreich ............................................................................................... - 19 - 3 DIE VOTIVKIRCHE IM LAUFE DER GESCHICHTE ............................ - 23 - 3.1 Baugeschichte ......................................................................................................................... - 23 - 3.1.1 Attentat und Spendenaufruf ................................................................................................ - 23 - 3.1.2 Konkurrenz und Architekt .................................................................................................. - 27 - 3.1.3 Die Bauplatzfrage ............................................................................................................... - 32 - 3.1.4 Grundsteinlegung und Bau der Votivkirche ....................................................................... - 35 - 3.2 Bestimmung und Funktion der Kirche ................................................................................ - 41 - 3.3 Geschichte und Bedeutung der Votivkirche bis heute ........................................................ - 44 - 4 DIE VOTIVKIRCHE ALS DENKMAL DES KAISERS UND DER MONARCHIE .......................................................................................................... - 50 - 4.1 Kirchen als Denkmäler ......................................................................................................... - 50 - 4.2 Architektur und Baustil der Votivkirche ............................................................................ - 52 - 4.3 Programm und Ausstattung der Votivkirche ..................................................................... - 55 - 4.3.1 Skulpturen ........................................................................................................................... - 57 - 4.3.2 Wandmalereien ................................................................................................................... - 59 - 4.3.3 Glasfenster .......................................................................................................................... - 61 - 4.3.3.1 Fenster des Chorraumes ............................................................................................ - 62 - 4.3.3.2 Kaiserfenster ............................................................................................................. - 62 - 4.3.3.3 Ferdinand Max Fenster .............................................................................................. - 64 - 4.3.3.4 Querhauskapellenfenster ........................................................................................... - 66 - 4.3.3.5 Langhauskapellenfenster ........................................................................................... - 68 - 4.3.3.6 Turmhallenfenster ..................................................................................................... - 71 - 4.4 Die Votivkirche im Vergleich mit anderen Wiener Denkmals- und Gedächtniskirchen - 72 - 4.5 Exkurs: Die Wiener Votivkirche und der Linzer Dom ...................................................... - 78 - 5 DIE VOTIVKIRCHE ALS ÖSTERREICHISCHE RUHMESHALLE..... - 81 - 5.1 Kirchen als Ruhmeshallen .................................................................................................... - 81 - - 5 - 5.2 Pläne zum Ausbau der Votivkirche zu einer österreichischen Ruhmeshalle ................... - 84 - 5.2.1 Die Position Rudolf Eitelbergers ........................................................................................ - 86 - 5.2.2 Das Salm Grabdenkmal ...................................................................................................... - 88 - 5.2.3 Ideen und Vorschläge nach Fertigstellung der Kirche ........................................................ - 89 - 5.2.4 Der Platz vor der Votivkirche als Denkmalanlage .............................................................. - 93 - 5.3 Weitere Konzepte österreichischer Ruhmeshallen ............................................................. - 94 - 6 DIE VOTIVKIRCHE ALS ORT DES GEDÄCHTNISSES NACH 1945 .. - 97 - 6.1 Glasfenster .............................................................................................................................. - 97 - 6.1.1 Kreuzschiffkapellenfenster ................................................................................................. - 98 - 6.1.1.1 Johannes von Gott und Franz Jägerstätter ................................................................. - 98 - 6.1.1.2 Österreichische Passionsspielorte – St. Margareten, Kirchschlag und Erl .............. - 103 - 6.1.1.3 Bischofsfenster – Clemens M. Hofbauer, Piccolomini, Altmann und Ambrosius .. - 104 - 6.1.1.4 Österreichische Missionare – China-, Asien-, Amerika- und Afrikafenster ............ - 106 - 6.1.2 Querhausfenster ................................................................................................................ - 109 - 6.1.2.1 Fenster der katholischen Sozialreformer ................................................................. - 110 - 6.1.3 Fenster des südlichen Seitenschiffes ................................................................................. - 112 - 6.1.3.1 Rudolf von Habsburg .............................................................................................. - 112 - 6.1.3.2 Ferdinand II. ............................................................................................................ - 113 - 6.1.3.3 Eucharistischer Kongress ........................................................................................ - 114 - 6.1.3.4 Mauthausen ............................................................................................................. - 115 - 6.1.4 Fenster des nördlichen Seitenschiffes ............................................................................... - 117 - 6.1.4.1 Guadalupe ................................................................................................................ - 117 - 6.1.4.2 Mariazell .................................................................................................................. - 118 - 6.1.4.3 Maria Pötsch ............................................................................................................ - 120 - 6.1.4.4 Maria Absam ........................................................................................................... - 121 - 6.2 Gedenktafeln ........................................................................................................................ - 122 - 6.2.1 Nische mit Gedenksteinen ................................................................................................ - 122 - 6.2.2 Gedenktafeln im Querschiff .............................................................................................. - 124 - 6.2.3 Barbara-Kapelle ................................................................................................................ - 126 - 6.2.4 Das Denkmal der Exekutive ............................................................................................. - 127 - 7 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ............................................................................... - 129 - 8 QUELLEN- UND LITERATURVERZEICHNIS ....................................... - 134 - 8.1 Archivbestände .................................................................................................................... - 134 - 8.2 Literatur ..............................................................................................................................
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